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Journal articles on the topic 'Thymine nucleotide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Ślepokura, Katarzyna Anna. "3′:5′-Cyclic nucleotides: two sodium salts of cdTMP." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 72, no. 1 (2016): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615022536.

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3′:5′-Cyclic nucleotides play an outstanding role in signal transduction at the cellular level but, in spite of comprehensive knowledge of the biological role of cyclic nucleotides, their structures are not established fully. Two hydrated sodium salts of thymidine 3′:5′-cyclic phosphate (cdTMP, C10H12N2O7P), namely sodium thymidine 3′:5′-cyclic phosphate heptahydrate, Na+·C10H12N2O7P−·7H2O or Na(cdTMP)·7H2O, (I), and sodium thymidine 3′:5′-cyclic phosphate 3.7-hydrate, Na+·C10H12N2O7P−·3.7H2O or Na(cdTMP)·3.7H2O, (II), have been obtained in crystalline form and structurally characterized, reve
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2

Lee, Hyeon Cheol, Jin Ha Kim, Jin Sook Kim, Wonhee Jang, and Sang Yong Kim. "Fermentative Production of Thymidine by a Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli Strain." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 8 (2009): 2423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02328-08.

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ABSTRACT Thymidine is an important precursor in the production of various antiviral drugs, including azidothymidine for the treatment of AIDS. Since thymidine-containing nucleotides are synthesized only by the de novo pathway during DNA synthesis, it is not easy to produce a large amount of thymidine biologically. In order to develop a host strain to produce thymidine, thymidine phosphorylase, thymidine kinase, and uridine phosphorylase genes were deleted from an Escherichia coli BL21 strain to develop BLdtu. Since the genes coding for the enzymes related to the nucleotide salvage pathway were
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3

Washington, M. T., L. Prakash, and S. Prakash. "Mechanism of nucleotide incorporation opposite a thymine-thymine dimer by yeast DNA polymerase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, no. 21 (2003): 12093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2134223100.

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4

Carlson, Karissa D., та M. Todd Washington. "Mechanism of Efficient and Accurate Nucleotide Incorporation Opposite 7,8-Dihydro-8-Oxoguanine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA Polymerase η". Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, № 6 (2005): 2169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.6.2169-2176.2005.

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ABSTRACT Most DNA polymerases incorporate nucleotides opposite template 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesions with reduced efficiency and accuracy. DNA polymerase (Pol) η, which catalyzes the error-free replication of template thymine-thymine (TT) dimers, has the unique ability to accurately and efficiently incorporate nucleotides opposite 8-oxoG templates. Here we have used pre-steady-state kinetics to examine the mechanisms of correct and incorrect nucleotide incorporation opposite G and 8-oxoG by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pol η. We found that Pol η binds the incoming correct dCTP opposit
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5

Kohalmi, Susanne E., and Bernard A. Kunz. "Mutationtal specificity of thymine nucleotide depletion in yeast." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 289, no. 1 (1993): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(93)90132-y.

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6

Morganroth, Pamela A., and Philip C. Hanawalt. "Role of DNA Replication and Repair in Thymineless Death in Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 14 (2006): 5286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00543-06.

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ABSTRACT Inhibition of DNA replication with hydroxyurea during thymine starvation of Escherichia coli shows that active DNA synthesis is not required for thymineless death (TLD). Hydroxyurea experiments and thymine starvation of lexA3 and uvrA DNA repair mutants rule out unbalanced growth, the SOS response, and nucleotide excision repair as explanations for TLD.
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7

Ramadan, H. A. I., A. Galal, M. M. Fathi, Fiky El, and H. A. Yakoub. "Characterization of two Egyptian native chicken breeds using genetic and immunological parameters." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 1 (2011): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1101001r.

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In order to identify and characterize our native chicken breeds we used two approaches, one of them is genetic and the other concerns with the immunological status of the chickens. In this study, the first 539 bases of the mtDNA D-loop region of two Egyptian native breeds (Fayoumi and Dandarawi, from El-Fayoum research station) were amplified and sequenced. The alignment results showed an approximate tandem repeat of 60-base units with the first 34 nucleotides being exact. These 34-base units were completely identical and conserved in both Egyptian and GenBank database samples. The multiple al
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8

Kunz, B. A., G. R. Taylor, and R. H. Haynes. "Mating-type switching in yeast is induced by thymine nucleotide depletion." Molecular and General Genetics MGG 199, no. 3 (1985): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00330772.

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9

Suriana, Suriana, Jamili Jamili, and Parakkasi Parakkasi. "Karakteristik Gen Sitokrom C Oksidase Sub Unit I (CO1) Lebah Liar Apis cerena (Hymenoptera: apidae) Asal Pulau Hoga Sulawesi Tenggara." Jurnal Veteriner 19, no. 1 (2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2018.19.1.116.

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The study was conducted to assess the caracteristic of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene on wild honey bee Apis cerena, and detection of barcode sites from these gene. A total fifteen individual A. cerena were collected from Hoga Island, Southeast Sulawesi. Genomic DNA was extracted from torax, then amplified by PCR method and than sequenced. Sequencing result characterized their nucleotide and amino acid content. The results showed that 595 nucleotides at the 5' end of COI gene of A. cerena very conserved at the most of the sites. Nucleotide dominated by thymine and adenine bases (± 7
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10

Liboska, Radek, Milena Masojídková, and Ivan Rosenberg. "Carbocyclic Phosphonate-Based Nucleotide Analogs Related to PMEA. I. Racemic trans-Configured Derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, no. 2 (1996): 313–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19960313.

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Racemic trans-N-(2-phosphonomethoxycycloalkyl) derivatives of heterocyclic bases, a novel type of nucleotide analogs related to 9-(2-phosphonomethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), are reported. The synthesis of fully protected adenine- (5), hypoxanthine- (7), guanine- (11), thymine- (13), uracil- (16) and cytosine-containing (18) carbocyclic nucleotide analogs is based on the reaction of trans-2-hydroxycycloalkyl derivatives of N-protected nucleobases (2, 10, 12, 14, 17) with diisopropyl tosyloxymethanephosphonate. Deprotection of these compounds afforded the title nucleotide analogs. The starting nucl
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11

Yoshinaga, Haruhiko, Masako Nakahara, Aya Shibamiya, et al. "A Single Thymine Nucleotide Deletion Responsible for Congenital Deficiency of Plasmin Inhibitor." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 88, no. 07 (2002): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613167.

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SummaryPlasma plasmin inhibitor (PI) is a physiological inhibitor of plasminmediated fibrinolysis and constitutes a hemostatic component in blood plasma; hence its deficiency results in a severe hemorrhagic diathesis. We have carried out molecular analysis of American family members with congenital PI deficiency, and detected a single thymine deletion at nucleotide position 332 in exon 5. The deletion was found in both alleles of the homozygotes and in one allele of the heterozygotes, and the patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphism created by the mutation in the family members wer
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12

SHARMA, ISHA. "Quantum Simulation Study of DNA nucleotide Thymine for use in Molecular Devices." IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 1, no. 1 (2012): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2834-0110106.

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13

Kohalmi, Susanne E., Robert H. Haynes, and Bernard A. Kunz. "Instability of a yeast centromere plasmid under conditions of thymine nucleotide stress." Mutation Research Letters 207, no. 1 (1988): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(88)90004-8.

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14

Read, Catherine Y. "Primer in Genetics and Genomics, Article 3–Explaining Human Diversity: The Role of DNA." Biological Research For Nursing 19, no. 3 (2017): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800417698798.

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Genetic variation lays the foundation for diversity and enables humans to adapt to changing environments. The order of the nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules of the nuclear chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays an important role in normal cell division, tissue development, and reproduction but is susceptible to alteration from a large number of random, inherited, or environmental events. Variations can range from a change in a single nucleotide to duplication of entire chromosomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the m
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15

Pawlak, K., C. Lawi-Berger, and W. Sadée. "Incorporation of nucleotide tracers into nucleic acids in permeabilized cells and cellular homogenates." Biochemical Journal 238, no. 1 (1986): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2380013.

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The validity of permeabilized cells as a model of DNA and RNA synthesis was studied with the use of mouse S-49 lymphoblastoma cells rendered permeable by exposure to L-alpha-lysophosphatidylcholine. The permeabilized cells readily incorporated exogenously supplied cytosine and uracil nucleotides into HClO4-insoluble macromolecular material. However, the incorporation of these tracers did not require the three other complementary nucleotides, and adenine, guanine or thymine nucleotide tracers were incorporated at much lower rates. These results, which were also obtained with permeabilized Abels
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16

Kulińska, K., T. Kuliński, and J. Stawiński. "Hydration of C-H groups in natural dithymidine nucleotide and its methylphosphonate analogues." Acta Biochimica Polonica 45, no. 4 (1998): 977–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1998_4355.

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In this paper we report our preliminary studies on the hydration pattern of selected C-H groups in natural thymidyl(3'-5)thymidine and its Rp and Sp-methylphosphonate analogues using Molecular Dynamic simulations in aqueous solutions. The methyl groups attached to the phosphorus center (P-Me) in methylphosphonate analogues are hydrated by water molecules as efficiently as the hydrophilic P=O group in the natural dithymidine nucleotide and better than the neutral P=O functions in these compounds, although the nature of the hydration is different. The C5-Me centers of the 3'-yl units seem to be
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17

Nkrumah, J. D., C. Li, J. B. Basarab, et al. "Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 84, no. 2 (2004): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a03-033.

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Leptin is a 16-kDa-hormone product of the obese gene synthesized and expressed predominantly by adipose tissues, which has been shown to play major roles in the regulation of body weight, feed intake, energy balance, fertility, and immune system functions. We report an investigation into the association of a previously identified cytosine to thymine missense mutation in exon 2 of the bovine leptin gene with feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, feeding behaviour, carcass quality and body composition in five genetic selection lines of a commercial population of beef cattle. Differences among ge
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18

Kunz, B. A., G. R. Taylor, and R. H. Haynes. "INDUCTION OF INTRACHROMOSOMAL RECOMBINATION IN YEAST BY INHIBITION OF THYMIDYLATE BIOSYNTHESIS." Genetics 114, no. 2 (1986): 375–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/114.2.375.

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ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of thymidylate in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be inhibited by antifolate drugs. We have found that antifolate treatment enhances the formation of leucine prototrophs in a haploid strain of yeast carrying, on the same chromosome, two different mutant leu2 alleles separated by Escherichia coli plasmid sequences. That this effect is a consequence of thymine nucleotide depletion was verified by the finding that provision of exogenous thymidylate eliminates the increased production of Leu+ colonies. DNA hybridization analysis revealed that recombination, includi
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19

Bevan, Ruth J., Nalini Mistry, Parul R. Patel, Eugene P. Halligan, Rosamund Dove, and Joseph Lunec. "Can vitamin C induce nucleotide excision repair? Support from in vitro evidence." British Journal of Nutrition 103, no. 5 (2009): 686–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509992285.

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Intracellular vitamin C acts to protect cells against oxidative stress by intercepting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and minimising DNA damage. However, rapid increases in intracellular vitamin C may induce ROS with subsequent DNA damage priming DNA repair processes. Herein, we examine the potential of vitamin C and the derivative ascorbate-2-phosphate (2-AP) to induce a nucleotide excision repair (NER) response to DNA damage in a model of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Exposure of cells to elevated levels of vitamin C induced ROS activity, resulting in increased levels of deoxycytidine g
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20

Johnson, Robert E., Lajos Haracska, Satya Prakash та Louise Prakash. "Role of DNA Polymerase η in the Bypass of a (6-4) TT Photoproduct". Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, № 10 (2001): 3558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.10.3558-3563.2001.

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ABSTRACT UV light-induced DNA lesions block the normal replication machinery. Eukaryotic cells possess DNA polymerase η (Polη), which has the ability to replicate past a cis-syn thymine-thymine (TT) dimer efficiently and accurately, and mutations in human Polη result in the cancer-prone syndrome, the variant form of xeroderma pigmentosum. Here, we test Polη for its ability to bypass a (6-4) TT lesion which distorts the DNA helix to a much greater extent than acis-syn TT dimer. Opposite the 3′ T of a (6-4) TT photoproduct, both yeast and human Polη preferentially insert a G residue, but they ar
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21

Valente, María, Antonio E. Vidal, and Dolores González-Pacanowska. "Targeting Kinetoplastid and Apicomplexan Thymidylate Biosynthesis as an Antiprotozoal Strategy." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 22 (2019): 4262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180926154329.

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Kinetoplastid and apicomplexan parasites comprise a group of protozoans responsible for human diseases, with a serious impact on human health and the socioeconomic growth of developing countries. Chemotherapy is the main option to control these pathogenic organisms and nucleotide metabolism is considered a promising area for the provision of antimicrobial therapeutic targets. Impairment of thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis severely diminishes the viability of parasitic protozoa and the absence of enzymatic activities specifically involved in the formation of dTMP (e.g. dUTPase, thymidylate synth
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22

Long, Benjamin C., Zachary J. Weber, John M. Oberlin, Deena E. Sutter, and Janet M. Berg. "Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a 15-year-old Hispanic female with a novel AQP2 mutation." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 32, no. 9 (2019): 1031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2019-0099.

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Abstract Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare inherited disorder most often caused by mutations in the arginine-vasopressin receptors or aquaporin channels, which subsequently impairs the water reabsorption in the kidney. This case report describes a 15-year-old female diagnosed with NDI after an acute gastroenteritis and multiple fluid boluses leading to intractable emesis. Gene testing reveals our patient is compound heterozygous for novel AQP2 gene mutations with a cytosine-to-thymine substitution at nucleotide position 277 and adenine-to-cytosine substitution at nucleotide positi
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23

Washington, M. Todd, Sandra A. Helquist, Eric T. Kool, Louise Prakash та Satya Prakash. "Requirement of Watson-Crick Hydrogen Bonding for DNA Synthesis by Yeast DNA Polymerase η". Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, № 14 (2003): 5107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.14.5107-5112.2003.

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ABSTRACT Classical high-fidelity DNA polymerases discriminate between the correct and incorrect nucleotides by using geometric constraints imposed by the tight fit of the active site with the incipient base pair. Consequently, Watson-Crick (W-C) hydrogen bonding between the bases is not required for the efficiency and accuracy of DNA synthesis by these polymerases. DNA polymerase η (Polη) is a low-fidelity enzyme able to replicate through DNA lesions. Using difluorotoluene, a nonpolar isosteric analog of thymine unable to form W-C hydrogen bonds with adenine, we found that the efficiency and a
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Lennerstrand, Johan, Chung K. Chu та Raymond F. Schinazi. "Biochemical Studies on the Mechanism of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Resistance to 1-(β-d-Dioxolane)Thymine Triphosphate". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, № 6 (2007): 2078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00119-07.

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ABSTRACT A large panel of drug-resistant mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was used to study the mechanisms of resistance to 1-(β-d-dioxolane)thymine triphosphate (DOT-TP) and other nucleotide analogs. RT containing thymidine analog-associated mutations (TAM) or RT with a T69S-SG insertion in combination with TAM removed 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine-5′-monophosphate or tenofovir more efficiently than DOT-monophosphate from chain-terminated DNA primer/template through ATP-mediated pyrophosphorolysis. For non-ATP-dependent discrimination toward DOT-TP, high
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25

Yoshii, A., T. Koji, N. Ohsawa, and P. K. Nakane. "In situ localization of ribosomal RNAs is a reliable reference for hybridizable RNA in tissue sections." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 43, no. 3 (1995): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/43.3.7532657.

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Assessments of RNA integrity and its hybridizability are essential for successful implementation of in situ hybridization (ISH) for mRNA or viral RNA, particularly when paraffin-embedded specimens from surgical, biopsy, and autopsy cases are used. In this study, we examined the suitability of ISH of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for this purpose. Oligo-DNA with nucleotide sequences complementary to a well-conserved segment of 28S rRNA with auxiliary adenine-thymine-thymine (ATT) repeats at the 3' and 5' ends was synthesized. The oligo-DNA was made antigenic by converting the adjacent thymines to T-
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26

Obliosca, Judy M., Sara Y. Cheng, Yu-An Chen, et al. "Locked Nucleic Acid Thymine Monomer Probe Identifies Four Single-Nucleotide Variants by Melting Temperature." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (2017): 331a—332a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.1795.

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27

Xiong, Bai, and Thomas D. Kocher. "Comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences of seven morphospecies of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)." Genome 34, no. 2 (1991): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-050.

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Universal primers constructed from the 16S ribosomal RNA gene in the Drosophila yakuba mitochondrial genome were successfully used to amplify, via the polymerase chain reaction, the homologous region of mitochondrial DNA from seven black fly morphospecies. Amplification was achieved from single larval salivary glands and from single adults preserved in Carnoy's fixative (ethanol – acetic acid, 3:1), allowing DNA sequences and polytene chromosome banding pattern data to be gathered from the same individuals. Nucleotide sequences of the amplified DNA segment (347 base pairs) were obtained from a
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28

Morfin, Florence, Danielle Thouvenot, Mireille De Turenne-Tessier, Bruno Lina, Michèle Aymard, and Tadamasa Ooka. "Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of Thymidine Kinase from Clinical Strains of Varicella-Zoster Virus Resistant to Acyclovir." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 10 (1999): 2412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.10.2412.

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ABSTRACT Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a common herpesvirus responsible for disseminated or chronic infections in immunocompromised patients. Effective drugs such as acyclovir (ACV), famciclovir (prodrug of penciclovir), and foscarnet are available to treat these infections. Here we report the phenotypic and genetic characterization of four ACV-resistant VZV strains isolated from AIDS patients and transplant recipients. Sensitivity to six antiviral drugs was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, viral thymidine kinase (TK) activity was measured by comparing [3H]thymidine and 1-
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Reifer, H., and E. Sobel. "Contrasts in clinical presentation and genetic transmission of myotonic dystrophy." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 88, no. 7 (1998): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-88-7-313.

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Myotonic dystrophy, the most common inherited neuromuscular disease, is an autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy characterized by myotonia and distal muscle weakness. It is caused by an increase in the number of cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG) nucleotide repeats present on the long arm of chromosome 19. Two patients were evaluated, one with classic adult-onset myotonic dystrophy and the other with congenital myotonic dystrophy. Contrasts in the clinical features and genetic transmission of this disease and clinical management are reviewed.
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30

Kunz, Bernard A. "Inhibitors of thymine nucleotide biosynthesis: Antimetabolites that provoke genetic change via primary non-DNA targets." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 355, no. 1-2 (1996): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(96)00026-7.

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Soderberg, Kelly, Lynn Denekamp, Sarah Nikiforow, Karen Sautter, Ronald C. Desrosiers, and Louis Alexander. "A Nucleotide Substitution in the tRNALys Primer Binding Site Dramatically Increases Replication of Recombinant Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Containing a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase." Journal of Virology 76, no. 11 (2002): 5803–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.11.5803-5806.2002.

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ABSTRACT A recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) derived from strain 239 (SIVmac239) with reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strain HXB2 was severely impaired for replication. Detectable p27Gag levels were not observed until day 65 and peak p27Gag levels were not reached until day 75 after transfection of CEMx174 cells with the recombinant DNA. Sequences from the latter time point did not contain amino acid substitutions in HIV-1 RT; however, a single nucleotide substitution (thymine to cytosine) was found at position eight of the SI
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Fujii, H., H. Kanno, A. Hirono, T. Shiomura, and S. Miwa. "A single amino acid substitution (157 Gly----Val) in a phosphoglycerate kinase variant (PGK Shizuoka) associated with chronic hemolysis and myoglobinuria." Blood 79, no. 6 (1992): 1582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.6.1582.bloodjournal7961582.

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We have determined a single amino acid substitution in a new phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) variant, PGK Shizuoka, associated with chronic hemolysis and myoglobinuria. PGK Shizuoka had an extremely low enzyme activity with normal kinetic properties and normal electrophoretic mobility. Total blood cell RNA of the patient was reverse-transcribed and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. A single nucleotide substitution from guanine to thymine at position 473 of PGK messenger RNA was found. This nucleotide change causes a single amino acid substitution from Gly to Val at the 157th position,
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Fujii, H., H. Kanno, A. Hirono, T. Shiomura, and S. Miwa. "A single amino acid substitution (157 Gly----Val) in a phosphoglycerate kinase variant (PGK Shizuoka) associated with chronic hemolysis and myoglobinuria." Blood 79, no. 6 (1992): 1582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.6.1582.1582.

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Abstract We have determined a single amino acid substitution in a new phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) variant, PGK Shizuoka, associated with chronic hemolysis and myoglobinuria. PGK Shizuoka had an extremely low enzyme activity with normal kinetic properties and normal electrophoretic mobility. Total blood cell RNA of the patient was reverse-transcribed and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. A single nucleotide substitution from guanine to thymine at position 473 of PGK messenger RNA was found. This nucleotide change causes a single amino acid substitution from Gly to Val at the 157th p
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34

Nakagama, H., G. Heinrich, J. Pelletier, and D. E. Housman. "Sequence and structural requirements for high-affinity DNA binding by the WT1 gene product." Molecular and Cellular Biology 15, no. 3 (1995): 1489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.15.3.1489.

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The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene, WT1, encodes a zinc finger polypeptide which plays a key role regulating cell growth and differentiation in the urogenital system. Using the whole-genome PCR approach, we searched murine genomic DNA for high-affinity WT1 binding sites and identified a 10-bp motif 5'GCGTGGGAGT3' which we term WTE). The WTE motif is similar to the consensus binding sequence 5'GCG(G/T)GGGCG3' recognized by EGR-1 and is also suggested to function as a binding site for WT1, setting up a competitive regulatory loop. To evaluate the underlying biochemical basis for such competition,
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35

Bai, Lin, Hao Qin, and Yu Guo Jiao. "Distinguishing Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of DNA Using Fluorescent Oligonucleotide Probe Containing 2-Aminopurine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (February 2014): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.281.

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The fluorescence intensity of double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) hybridized by fluorescent 2-aminopurine (2-AP) oligonucleotide probe and different mismatched bases was studied by fluorescence spectra in this paper. The experiment designed and synthesised four oligonucleotide sequences with the bases of adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and determined the fluorescence intensity of the mismatched double-stranded DNA. The results implied that the fluorescence intensity of oligonucleotide probe was varied due to different mismatched bases. And the fluorescence intensity was 546.9 wit
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Li, Ying, Shuchismita Dutta, Sylvie Doublié, Hussam Moh'd Bdour, John-Stephen Taylor, and Tom Ellenberger. "Nucleotide insertion opposite a cis-syn thymine dimer by a replicative DNA polymerase from bacteriophage T7." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 11, no. 8 (2004): 784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb792.

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Miura, Sara, Seiichi Nishizawa, Akinori Suzuki, et al. "DNA-Binding Small-Ligand-Immobilized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Detecting Thymine-Related Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms." Chemistry - A European Journal 17, no. 50 (2011): 14104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201101290.

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38

Schreier, W. J., J. Kubon, P. Clivio, W. Zinth, and P. Gilch. "DNA photodamage: Study of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation in a locked thymine dinucleotide." Spectroscopy 24, no. 3-4 (2010): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/197378.

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The cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) formed between two adjacent thymine bases is the most abundant DNA photolesion induced by UV radiation. The quantum yield of this reaction is on the order of ~1% in DNA. This small quantum yield hampers the study of damage formation in naturally occurring DNA. Investigations with increased accuracy become possible for a locked nucleotide model compound TLpTLwhich exhibits a quantum yield of about 10% for CPD formation. Time resolved IR spectroscopy on TLpTLand two other DNA model compounds (TpT and (dT)18) reveals that: (i) The absorption changes after ~1
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39

Koussoubé, Jean Christophe, Fatimata Mbaye, Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia, Mbacké Sembène, and Antoine Sanon. "Genetic characterization of Spermophagus niger (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae: Amblycerini) pest associated to seeds of Sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Burkina Faso." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 6, no. 1 (2016): 07–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.6(1).p07-14.

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In Burkina Faso, the seeds of sorrel, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. are attacked by a pest identified morphologically as Spermophagus niger which is maintained all year on seeds and causing considerable damages. In the current study, for the first time, genetic characterization for S. niger was performed to determine its genetic identity and place it in its phyletic group. Mitochondrial gene, the Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) of the pest was partially sequenced after extraction and amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Then the variability of genetic parameters namely the number of polymorph
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40

Svoboda, D. L., J. S. Taylor, J. E. Hearst, and A. Sancar. "DNA repair by eukaryotic nucleotide excision nuclease. Removal of thymine dimer and psoralen monoadduct by HeLa cell-free extract and of thymine dimer by Xenopus laevis oocytes." Journal of Biological Chemistry 268, no. 3 (1993): 1931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53943-0.

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41

Arya, Govind Prasad, R. K. Bharti, and Devendra Prasad. "Design and Analysis of an Improved Nucleotide Sequences Compression Algorithm Using Look up Table (LUT)." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 7, no. 2 (2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v7.i2.pp152-155.

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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). With continuous technology development and growth of sequencing data, large amount of biological data is generated. This large amount of generated data causes difficulty to store, analyse and process DNA sequences. So there is a wide need of reducing the size, for this reason, DNA Compression is employed to reduce
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42

Taylor, Jacquelyn Y., Rosanna Maddox, and Chun Yi Wu. "Genetic and Environmental Risks for High Blood Pressure Among African American Mothers and Daughters." Biological Research For Nursing 11, no. 1 (2009): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800409334817.

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Objective: To determine the relationship between genetic and environmental lifestyle factors (physical activity and sodium) on blood pressure (BP) among African-American women. Method: In this cross-sectional study involving 108 African-American mothers and daughters from a Midwestern area, investigators obtained BP measurements, information on minutes of physical activity, amount of sodium intake, and buccal swab saliva samples. Results: Of the 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the sodium bicarbonate cotransporter gene (SLC4A5), rs8179526 had a statistically significant interaction
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43

Ozawa, Tetsuo, and Nobuo Sakuragawa. "A thymine base is missed out of the published nucleotide sequence data of the anti-thrombin gene." British Journal of Haematology 110, no. 2 (2000): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02165.x.

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44

Bessho, T. "Nucleotide excision repair 3' endonuclease XPG stimulates the activity of base excision repairenzyme thymine glycol DNA glycosylase." Nucleic Acids Research 27, no. 4 (1999): 979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/27.4.979.

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45

Feligini, Maria, Slavica Vlaco, Vlatka Cubric Curik, Pietro Parma, GianFranco Greppi та Giuseppe Enne. "A single nucleotide polymorphism in the sheep κ-casein coding region". Journal of Dairy Research 72, № 3 (2005): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029905000932.

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Genetic polymorphisms in CSN3 gene in Pag (Croatia), Sarda (Italy) and Pramenka (Serbia) sheep breeds were investigated. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was localized by sequence analysis (sequence submitted to GenBank under accession AY237637) relying on an original primer pair. Primers for sequencing (κ-casF and κ-casR) were designed on the available CSN3 sequences to amplify the genomic region encoding the major part of the mature protein (exon 4). An SNP was detected at position 237 of the sheep κ-casein mRNA (reference sequence: GenBank X51822), where a thymine was substituted for
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46

Gelinas, R., M. Bender, C. Lotshaw, P. Waber, H. Jr Kazazian, and G. Stamatoyannopoulos. "Chinese A gamma fetal hemoglobin: C to T substitution at position-196 of the A gamma gene promoter." Blood 67, no. 6 (1986): 1777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.6.1777.1777.

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Abstract The molecular basis for the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) phenotype was studied in a Chinese individual who was heterozygous for a nondeletion form of A gamma-HPFH. Both allelic A gamma-globin genes were isolated by molecular cloning and subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis. One A gamma gene promoter showed a cytosine to thymine transition at position -196, whereas the other promoter was normal. This mutation at position -196 has now ben found in unrelated individuals with the A gamma-HPFH phenotype from Italy, Sardinia, and China, suggesting that it may have
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47

Gelinas, R., M. Bender, C. Lotshaw, P. Waber, H. Jr Kazazian, and G. Stamatoyannopoulos. "Chinese A gamma fetal hemoglobin: C to T substitution at position-196 of the A gamma gene promoter." Blood 67, no. 6 (1986): 1777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.6.1777.bloodjournal6761777.

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The molecular basis for the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) phenotype was studied in a Chinese individual who was heterozygous for a nondeletion form of A gamma-HPFH. Both allelic A gamma-globin genes were isolated by molecular cloning and subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis. One A gamma gene promoter showed a cytosine to thymine transition at position -196, whereas the other promoter was normal. This mutation at position -196 has now ben found in unrelated individuals with the A gamma-HPFH phenotype from Italy, Sardinia, and China, suggesting that it may have arisen in
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48

Kondratick, Christine M., M. Todd Washington, Satya Prakash та Louise Prakash. "Acidic Residues Critical for the Activity and Biological Function of Yeast DNA Polymerase η". Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, № 6 (2001): 2018–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.6.2018-2025.2001.

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ABSTRACT Rad30 is a member of the newly discovered UmuC/DinB/Rad30 family of DNA polymerases. The N-terminal regions of these proteins are highly homologous, and they contain five conserved motifs, I to V, while their C-terminal regions are quite divergent. We examined the contributions of the C-terminal and N-terminal regions of Rad30 to its activity and biological function. Although deletion of the last 54 amino acids has no effect on DNA polymerase or thymine-thymine (T-T) dimer bypass activity, this C-terminal deletion-containing protein is unable to perform its biological function in vivo
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49

De Nicola, Beatrice, Christopher J. Lech, Brahim Heddi, et al. "Structure and possible function of a G-quadruplex in the long terminal repeat of the proviral HIV-1 genome." Nucleic Acids Research 44, no. 13 (2016): 6442–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw432.

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Abstract The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the proviral human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 genome is integral to virus transcription and host cell infection. The guanine-rich U3 region within the LTR promoter, previously shown to form G-quadruplex structures, represents an attractive target to inhibit HIV transcription and replication. In this work, we report the structure of a biologically relevant G-quadruplex within the LTR promoter region of HIV-1. The guanine-rich sequence designated LTR-IV forms a well-defined structure in physiological cationic solution. The nuclear magnetic resonance
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50

Maiti, Atanu, Michael T. Morgan, and Alexander C. Drohat. "Role of Two Strictly Conserved Residues in Nucleotide Flipping andN-Glycosylic Bond Cleavage by Human Thymine DNA Glycosylase." Journal of Biological Chemistry 284, no. 52 (2009): 36680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.062356.

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