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Journal articles on the topic 'Thyroid malignancy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Awal, Towhidur Rahman, Sadia Islam Nabila, Mst Shaila Yesmin, Debatosh Paul, Shahjada Selim, and Nayla Islam. "Serum thyroid autoantibodies in malignant thyroid nodules." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 17, no. 3 (2024): e74632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v17i3.74632.

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Background: Thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours of the endocrine system. Thyroid autoantibodies were reported to be associated with malignant thyroid nodules. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum thyroid autoantibody levels for malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: From March 2023 to January 2024, we recruited 104 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules confirmed by ultrasonography in three departments of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Out of these, 52 were diagnosed with malignant thyroid nodules using fine needle aspiration cytology

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Kundi, Sana, Mahwish Jabeen, M. Salman Rafique, et al. "Validity of Thyroid Ultrasound in Diagnosing Malignancy in Thyroid Nodule." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 2 (2022): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216232.

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Aim: To determine the validity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodule keeping histopathology as gold standard. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Radiology department of a Tertiary care Hospital, Islamabad for a period of one year. In this study, 55 patients who presented to indoor and outdoor department of hospital with palpable thyroid nodules underwent USG. The results of ultrasound were then compared with histopathological findings. Result: Out of 55 patients, on the basis of ultrasound, 5 male cases with thyroid nodule were malignant and 9 were

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Ampil, Isaac David, and Rafael Azares. "A Cross Sectional Study on the Value of Ultrasonography in Predicting the Risk of Thyroid Malignancy." Philippine Journal of Surgical Specialties 67, no. 2 (2012): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.61662/pcs_ssjg6222.

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This study aimed to determine the accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating malignant thyroid nodules/ lesions. It also aimed to identify the ultrasound features that would highly suggest thyroid malignancy and validate the scoring system proposed by Ampil, et al. (2007) that would predict thyroid malignancy based on the said ultrasonographic features. Methods: A retrospective, cross sectional study of 278 patients with thyroid pathology were included in this study comparing ultrasound characteristics and pathologic results from 2004 to August 2011. The main outcome measure is to identify

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Bhardwaj, Rajeev, and Rishabh Kumar Rana. "Exploring the Diagnostic Efficacy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Thyroid Nodules ≥ 4 cm: Results from a Tertiary Health Care Center in Jharkhand." International Journal of Recent Surgical and Medical Sciences 4, no. 02 (2018): 054–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676561.

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Abstract Background Any nodules of the thyroid, ≥ 4 cm, are generally associated with false-negative results for malignancy on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), which generally are confirmed cases of malignancy after histopathologic examinations. Methods A retrospective hospital-based study was done in which data of patients having thyroid lesions ≥ 4 cm were reviewed. We checked the FNAC and histopathologic examination done on these lesions. Ultrasonography (USG)–guided aspiration records were also assessed. Sensitivity and specificity of FNAC for the detection of neoplastic or malignan

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Matin, MA, Mohammad Saiful Islam, Md Abdur Razzak, et al. "Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Thyroid Swelling, Study of 200 Cases." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 27, no. 1 (2021): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v27i1.53200.

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Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased in the United States (US) and other developed countries over the past 30 years but there is no study to find out the true incidence of thyroid cancer in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to compare FNAC with histopathology reports and to find out the true incidence of thyroid malignancy in thyroidectomy patients presenting with thyroid swelling. Methods: This is a prospective study of 200 thyroid swelling patients underwent thyroid surgery done at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, a tertiary Care Hospital in D

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TARRAR, AIMEL MUNIR, MADIHA SAEED WAHLA, SOHAIL ILYAS, Obaid Ullah Khan, Ahmed Waqas, and Ahmed Raza. "SOLITARY THYROID NODULE." Professional Medical Journal 17, no. 04 (2010): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.04.2978.

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Objectives: To determine frequency of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule. Design: Case-series study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Department of Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from April 2002 till April 2003. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients with clinical solitary thyroid nodule fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in the study. Thyroid function tests, ultrasonography and thyroid scanning was done. Finally FNAC and histopathology were done in all the operated cases and record was evaluated. Results: Out of 60 cases studied, 8 (13.

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Brazeal, Aurelia, Adili Wobenjo, Chege Macharia, Morgan Otido, Rosemary Kamau, and Jana MacLeod. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Bethesda Classification of Thyroid Nodules at a Kenyan Hospital: A Retrospective Study." Annals of African Surgery 21, no. 4 (2024): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aas.v21i4.5.

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Background: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was developed to standardize the reporting of thyroid nodule fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results. The adoption of TBSRTC is based on the implied risk of malignancy per category, but this has shown wide variation in different regions worldwide. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Bethesda classification of thyroid nodules in a Kenyan hospital. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study examined FNAC and histopathology data of thyroid gland nodules at a Kenyan hospital f

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Hakala, T., I. Kholová, J. Sand, R. Saaristo, and P. Kellokumpu-Lehtinen. "A core needle biopsy provides more malignancy-specific results than fine-needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules suspicious for malignancy." Journal of Clinical Pathology 66, no. 12 (2013): 1046–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201559.

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Background and aimsThe most commonly used diagnostic method for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules is ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA), which often yields non-diagnostic or non-definitive results and seldom produces definite malignant diagnoses. To improve upon the malignancy-specific sensitivity, we tested core needle biopsies (CNBs) of thyroid lesions taken from surgical specimens.Material and methods52 consecutive patients with malignant or malignant-suspicious thyroid nodules were referred to Tampere University Hospital between May 2010 and December 2011. Pr

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Coelho, Margarida, João Capela, Sandra I. Anjo, et al. "Proteomics Reveals mRNA Regulation and the Action of Annexins in Thyroid Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 19 (2023): 14542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914542.

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Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Although most thyroid nodules are benign, given the high incidence of thyroid nodules in the population, it is important to understand the differences between benign and malignant thyroid cancer and the molecular alterations associated with malignancy to improve detection and signal potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Proteomics analysis of benign and malignant human thyroid tissue largely revealed changes indicating modifications in RNA regulation, a common cancer characteristic. In add

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10

WASEER, MUHAMMAD HUSSAIN, JAVAID IQBAL, and SAJID REHMAN RANDHAWA. "THYROID MALIGNANCY." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 04 (2007): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.04.4807.

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Objectives: (1). Audit of our one year experience of management of thyroidcarcinoma in accordance with latest approved guidelines. (2) To point-out high risks of malignancy in population withthyroid diseases. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Surgical Unit-IV of DHQ Hospital Faisalabad with cooperationof Department of Pathology, Punjab Medical Collage, Faisalabad. Period: From 2000– 2001. Patients & method. Allpatients irrespective of age and sex with suspicious of thyroid malignancy were included in this study . Out of total 56patients of thyroid diseases 13 cases were proved thyroid ca

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Verma, Naina, Shobha Mohindroo, Ramesh Azad, and N. K. Mohindroo. "Macrocalcification in thyroid nodule." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 7 (2017): 2960. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172969.

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Background: The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine organs. The prevalence of palpable thyroid nodules increases with age and is 4-7% in a middle-aged population. Objective of present study was to understand if thyroid malignancy is associated with macrocalcification.Methods: 34 cases were with thyroid nodules were evaluated initially with sonography and then with FNAC, the results of which were given on the basis of Bethesda system.Results: On USG, 23 (67.6%) nodules had macrocalcifications, 5 (14.7%) had microcalcifications and 6 (17.6%) had both micro as well as macrocalcifications. Cyt

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Lumintang, Nico, Sherly Tandililing, and Elisse S. Susilo. "Clinical Value of Platelet Count and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) in Patients with Thyroid Malignancy." e-CliniC 13, no. 2 (2025): 283–87. https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i2.61266.

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Abstract: Platelet count index may be used as useful clinical markers in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid disorders. Platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently been introduced as prognostic markers of thyroid cancer and strong inflammatory markers. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of the platelet count and PLR in thyroid malignancy. Subjects were 61 patients with thyroid nodule who were followed up at the General Surgery Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, and underwent ultrasound examination, FNAB, thyroidectomy, and histopathological examinat

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Chung, Sae Rom, Jung Hwan Baek, Young Jun Choi, et al. "The relationship of thyroid nodule size on malignancy risk according to histological type of thyroid cancer." Acta Radiologica 61, no. 5 (2019): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185119875642.

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Background Although several studies have examined the value of thyroid nodule size as a malignancy predictor, the results are conflicting. Purpose To investigate the relationship between nodule size and malignancy risk and to evaluate the impact of nodule size on the false-negative rate of fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy according to the histological type of thyroid cancer. Material and Methods From January 2013 to December 2013, 3970 thyroid nodules that underwent ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy were retrospectively reviewed. We assessed the relatio

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Rana, Sabi, Meera Bista, Akriti Shrestha, et al. "Correlation of serum thyroid stimulating hormone level to predict benign or malignant nature of thyroid swelling." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 10, no. 1 (2024): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20240053.

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Background: Thyroid enlargement is a common clinical problem encountered in ENT practice, thyroid cancer, by contrast is less common. Several imaging modalities, FNAB and biomarkers are available but a simple clinical or biochemical diagnostic criterion is still lacking. Serum TSH is a well- established growth factor for thyroid nodules and thus can be used as a simple and reliable test to predict the risk of having a thyroid malignancy in a patient with thyroid swelling. Objectives were to correlate serum TSH level with benign or malignant nature of thyroid swelling and to evaluate the use of

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Mohamed, Tarek Zaghloul, Ahmed Abd El Aal Sultan, Mohamed Tag El-Din, et al. "Incidence and Risk Factors of Thyroid Malignancy in Patients with Toxic Nodular Goiter." International Journal of Surgical Oncology 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1054297.

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Background. Although hyperfunctioning thyroid disorders were thought to be protective against malignancy, some recent studies reported a high incidence of incidentally discovered cancer in patients with hyperfunctioning benign thyroid disorders. We performed this study to estimate the incidence and predictors of malignant thyroid disease in patients with toxic nodular goiter (TNG). Patients and Methods. The data of 98 patients diagnosed with TNG were reviewed (including toxic multinodular goiter SMNG and single toxic nodule STN). The collected data included patients age, gender, systemic comor

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Alam Mazumder, Md Jahangir, A. H. M. Delwar, Arif Morshed Khan, et al. "Exploring the Incidence of Malignancy in Thyroid Swelling: A Cross-Sectional Perspective." Medicine Today 36, no. 2 (2024): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v36i2.74802.

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Introduction: Thyroid malignancy is a global health problem. It is the most common among all endocrine malignancies. The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing all over the world. Bangladesh is not exempted. The worldwide prevalence of goiter in the general population is estimated at 4-7%. The incidence of malignancy in goitrous thyroid is about 10%. An increased incidence of thyroid carcinoma has been noted in endemic goiter zones. Bangladesh also has some goitrous zones. The frequency of carcinoma is two times higher in solitary thyroid nodules than in multinodular goiter. Male patients w

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Osman, Ali I. E., Ahmed O. Almobarak, Asma Kamalaldin Mohammed, et al. "Cytomorphological patterns of thyroid lesions among 1646 Sudanese patients: what we can learn from fine needle aspiration cytology retrospective analysis?" F1000Research 9 (January 16, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21492.1.

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Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology biopsy of the thyroid gland is an accurate and useful diagnostic tool in the initial evaluation of nodular thyroid lesions. We aimed in this study to determine the cytomorphological patterns of thyroid lesions diagnosed by FNA among Sudanese patients. Methods: A descriptive retrospective, clinic-based study was performed. Cytopathological records of patients that attended the Total Lab Care Clinic in Khartoum-Sudan between January 2016 and December 2017 were reviewed. Results: A total of 1646 patients records were reviewed; 1385 (84.1%) were

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Hossen, Md Iqbal, Md Milon Kazi, Fazle Elahi Jonaed, Kamrun Nahar Hurain, Md Abdul Hafiz, and Suraiya Sharmin Anjum. "Pattern of Malignancy in Thyroid Swelling." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 28, no. 1 (2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v28i1.60828.

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Background: Incidence of thyroid malignancy is increasing day by day in thyroid swelling. The exact cause of cancer is not known. But there are few predisposing factors in genesis of thyroid malignancy such as age, sex, geographical distribution, familial predisposition, radiation exposure, pre-existing thyroid disease. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is most common among all thyroid malignancy with high incidence of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to find out the pattern of malignancy in thyroid swelling. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in departme

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Bukhari, Khulood, Zarah Haleem, and Kashif Munir. "Malignancy Risk in 18F-FDG-Avid Thyroid Incidentalomas: Controversies and Limitations." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A864—A865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1765.

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Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas (TI) discovered on 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT varies between 0% and 63.6%. The pooled malignancy rate according to three systematic reviews is 33-35%. The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommend that such nodules, when one centimeter or larger in size, should undergo further investigation with thyroid ultrasound (US) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. Objectives: The objective of our study was to determine the rate of malignancy amongst TI discovered incidentally on 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT, exam

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Zaichick, Vladimir. "Diagnosis of Thyroid Malignancy Using Chemical Elements of Nodular Tissue Determined by Neutron Activation Analysis." Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research 7, no. 4 (2022): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjbr.2022.v07i04.006.

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Thyroid benign (TBN) and malignant (TMN) nodules are a common thyroid lesion. The differentiation of TMN often remains a clinical challenge and further improvements of TMN diagnostic accuracy are warranted. The aim of present study was to evaluate possibilities of using differences in chemical elements (ChEs) contents in nodular tissue for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Contents of ChEs such as calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and sodium (Na) were prospectively evaluated in “normal” thyroid (NT) of 105 individuals as well as in nodular t

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Canberk, Sule, Pembegul Gunes, Mine Onenerk, et al. "New Concept of the Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Impact on the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A Single-Institute Experience." Acta Cytologica 60, no. 3 (2016): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447990.

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Background: The encapsulated follicular variant (EFV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most discussed entity in thyroid pathology. Recently, the question of whether or not EFV-PTC is a malignant entity has been the subject of renewed discussion in the light of recent molecular and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the malignancy ratios of each category of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) if EFV-PTC is no longer considered as a malignant entity. Materials and Methods: Data on thyroid fine-needle aspirations (n = 1,886) with surgica

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C., Prasad, Supreet Kumar, and Tej Tej Y. "Comparative study on association between serum TSH concentration and Thyroid cancer." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 8 (2017): 2800. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20173422.

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Background: In India, thyroid cancer accounts for less than 1% of all malignancies (2% of women and 0.5% of men). Thyroid cancer is responsible for 6 deaths per 1 million persons annually. Serum TSH is a well-established growth factor for thyroid nodules, however its role in thyroid malignancy is inconclusive hence this study was conducted with the objective to determine the association between serum Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations with thyroid carcinoma.Methods: Case control study was conducted in a tertiary care centre. 120 Benign and malignant thyroid subjects respectively

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Alawi, Al-Ass Abdulmajed, Mohamed Hasson Salem, and Awadh Hudeel. "Role of sonographic features in predicting the malignant potential of thyroid nodules." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 23, no. 2 (2019): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2019.n2.a22.

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However, while thyroid nodules are common, thyroid malignancy is relatively rare, constituting about 1% of all malignancies. The main point of the approach of the thyroid nodule is the detection of the malignant nodules and deciding for the surgical treatment. Ultrasonography (US) plays a crucial role in the diagnostic management of thyroid nodules. The aim was to assess the reliability of using hypoechoic, solid and ill-defined margin as independent predictors for the identification of malignant thyroid nodules on US. We retrospectively analysed the three suspicious US features of malignancy

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Jinih, M., F. Faisal, K. Abdalla, et al. "Association between thyroid nodule size and malignancy rate." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 102, no. 1 (2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2019.0156.

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Introduction The diagnostic performance of ultrasound-fine needle aspiration to identify thyroid nodules harbouring malignancy remains variable. The aim of this study was to determine thyroid nodule size and cytological classification as predictors of malignancy risk. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis at an academic hospital involving 499 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid surgery between 2004 and 2015. Results A total of 503 thyroid nodules (499 patients, 84% female; mean age 50.8 years, standard deviation, SD, 15.4 years) were analysed. Of these, 19.5

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Cambe, Steve Marlo, Joseph Anthony Arañas, Jamie Lynne Manzana, and Katleya Teresa Manlapaz. "Stratifying Indeterminate Cytology Thyroid Nodules by Combining Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TI-RADS) and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC)." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 38, no. 2 (2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v38i2.1703.

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Objective: To determine the risk of malignancy of Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) indeterminate Thyroid Nodules (Bethesda III, IV and V) by combining cytologic (TSBRTC) and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TI-RADS) ultrasonographic features based on final histopathology. Methods:Design: Retrospective review of recordsSetting: Tertiary Private Training HospitalParticipants: 551 recordsResults: Among 81 eligible participants, 59 out of 84 nodules (70.24%) wer malignant on histopathology. The malignancy risk of Bethesda classification was 60.87% (28 out of

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Wang, Guoliang, Na Ren, Shengcai Wang, et al. "Serum TSH is not a risk factor for malignancy of pediatric thyroid nodules." Endocrine-Related Cancer 28, no. 4 (2021): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-20-0508.

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It is uncertain whether serum TSH concentration is an independent risk factor for the malignancy of pediatric thyroid nodules. We sought the association of serum TSH concentration with the malignancy of pediatric thyroid nodules and with the characteristics of pediatric thyroid cancer. A total of 219 pediatric thyroid nodule patients were collected retrospectively for 5 consecutive years. The medical records collected included sex, age, serum TSH concentration, thyroid autoantibody status, thyroid ultra-sonography parameters, histological type, and pathological TNM stages. The serum TSH concen

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Bright, Benny, Joe Mathew, Jacob P. Thomas, and Robinson George. "A study of association between serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration and thyroid cancer and also to assess whether serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with thyroid swelling." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 11 (2021): 3285. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20214098.

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Background: Thyroid neoplasm includes both benign and malignant tumors arising in the thyroid gland. Although thyroid cancer accounts for less than 1% of all cancers, the challenge to clinicians is to identify the minority of thyroid nodules that harbor malignancy. There are a number of well-established predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently a few studies have suggested that higher concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum

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Korsholm, Kirsten, Michala Reichkendler, Louise Alslev, Åse Krogh Rasmussen, and Peter Oturai. "Long-Term Follow-Up of Thyroid Incidentalomas Visualized with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography—Impact of Thyroid Scintigraphy in the Diagnostic Work-Up." Diagnostics 11, no. 3 (2021): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030557.

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Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of malignancy in incidental thyroidal uptake on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in a cohort of Danish patients, and furthermore to evaluate the impact of thyroid scinti-graphy in the diagnostic work-up. All whole-body PET/CT reports from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and further analyzed if visually increased thyroidal FDG uptake was reported. Patient electronic files were searched for further thyroid evaluation. Of 13,195 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans in 9114 patients

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Maulana, Agus, Dwi Hari Susilo, and Marjono Dwi Wibowo. "Correlation of the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio with Malignancy Status in Thyroid Nodule." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 9 (2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210905.

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Background: Thyroid nodules are very common, found in more than 50% of patients when using ultrasonography. While the prevalence of thyroid nodules in the population is increasing, only 5% to 10% harbor malignant disease. Still, there is a pressing need to correctly identify the nature of thyroid nodules, because thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and often presents in thyroid nodules. Inflammation plays a critical role in many aspects of cancer, including tumor development, progression, clinical presentations, and prognosis. The neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simp

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Bakhshayesh Karam, Mehrdad, Abtin Doroudinia, Farzaneh Joukar, et al. "Hypermetabolic Thyroid Incidentaloma on Positron Emission Tomography: Review of Laboratory, Radiologic, and Pathologic Characteristics." Journal of Thyroid Research 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7176934.

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Introduction. Incidental hypermetabolic thyroid lesions on Positron Emission Tomography have significant clinical value and may harbor malignancy. In this study we evaluated laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics of incidental hypermetabolic thyroid lesions. Materials and Methods. We evaluated 18 patients prospectively with various malignancies and hypermetabolic thyroid incidentaloma. The thyroid function tests, ultrasound assessment, and guided FNA biopsy were performed on all cases. Results. We included 9 male and 9 female patients with mean age of 51 years. Most common mali

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Heider, Amer, Stacy Arnold, and Xin Jing. "Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology in Pediatric Thyroid Nodules: Experience of a Tertiary Care Referral Center." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 144, no. 4 (2019): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0596-oa.

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Context.— The Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer from The American Thyroid Association recommends fine-needle aspiration (FNA) as an essential tool for evaluation and management of pediatric thyroid nodules, and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) as a guideline to categorize FNA cytologic findings. A few publications have focused on TBSRTC categorization in children. Objective.— To evaluate our institutional experience of using TBSRTC in the pediatric population. Design.— We conducted a retrospective data sear

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Getachew Tefera, Feron. "Rate and Clinical Predictors of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology." Clinical Surgery Research Communications 5, no. 4 (2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.31491/csrc.2021.12.085.

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Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) cannot differentiate between benign and malignant conditions in cytologically indeterminate thyroid lesions. Therefore, a minimum of diagnostic lobectomy is required for definitive diagnosis. The objective of this study is to identify the rate of malignancy and clinical features that may possibly predict malignancy in patients with these lesions, in Ethiopian hospitals. Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who underwent surgery for cytologically indeterminate thyroid lesions in three referral hospitals be

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Yang, Wei, Ghaneh Fananapazir, Jennifer LaRoy, Machelle Wilson, and Michael J. Campbell. "CAN THE AMERICAN THYROID ASSOCIATION, K-TIRADS, AND ACR-TIRADS ULTRASOUND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS BE USED TO PREDICT MALIGNANCY IN BETHESDA CATEGORY IV NODULES?" Endocrine Practice 26, no. 9 (2020): 945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep-2020-0024.

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Objective: Management of thyroid nodules with Bethesda category III and IV cytology on fine needle aspiration (FNA) is challenging as they cannot be adequately classified as benign or malignant. Ultrasound (US) patterns have demonstrated the utility in evaluating the risk of malignancy (ROM) of Bethesda category III nodules. This study aims to evaluate the value of 3 well-established US grading systems (American Thyroid Association [ATA], Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System [Korean-TIRADS], and The American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System [ACR-TIRADS

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Yan, Caoxin, Zhiyan Luo, Zimei Lin, Shouxing Xu, Yunkai Luo, and Jian Chen. "Value of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Initial Bethesda Category III Thyroid Nodules." Scientific Programming 2021 (October 12, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3482111.

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Background. To evaluate the role of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in predicting malignancy for cytological Bethesda system III nodules. Method. The study included 188 thyroid nodules with first Bethesda system III cytology on surgery or repeat FNA. Patients' clinicopathologic parameters and ultrasonographic (US) nodule characteristics were evaluated according to benignity and malignancy. Using the TI-RADS classification system, thyroid nodules were categorized. Results. The size of malignant nodules was significantly lower than that of benign nodules ( P < 0.001). Thyr

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K., Raghunatha Reddy, Rakesh Sharma G., Abdul Gafoor J., and Joji Reddy O. "Comparison of TIRADS [Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System] with Histopathology in Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 12 (2022): 945–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222459.

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<strong>Background:</strong> A noninvasive method for the initial evaluation of thyroid nodules is ultrasonography (US). Malignant thyroid nodules can be distinguished well by Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability of ACR TIRADS score in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules using histopathology as the gold standard. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>The prospective study was conducted on 50 patients referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Viswabharathi General Hospital in

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Vladimir Zaichick. "Diagnosis of thyroid malignancy using trace elements of nodular tissue determined by neutron activation analysis." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 3 (2022): 438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.13.3.0252.

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Thyroid benign (TBN) and malignant (TMN) nodules are a common thyroid lesion. The differentiation of TMN often remains a clinical challenge and further improvements of TMN diagnostic accuracy are warranted. The aim of present study was to evaluate possibilities of using differences in trace elements (TEs) contents in nodular tissue for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Contents of TEs such as silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), antimony (Sb), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were prospectively evaluated in “normal” thyroid (NT)

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Vladimir, Zaichick. "Diagnosis of thyroid malignancy using trace elements of nodular tissue determined by neutron activation analysis." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 3 (2022): 438–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6414097.

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Thyroid benign (TBN) and malignant (TMN) nodules are a common thyroid lesion. The differentiation of TMN often remains a clinical challenge and further improvements of TMN diagnostic accuracy are warranted. The aim of present study was to evaluate possibilities of using differences in trace elements (TEs) contents in nodular tissue for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Contents of TEs such as silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), iodine (I), rubidium (Rb), antimony (Sb), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were prospectively evaluated in “normal”

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Al-Salam, Suhail, Charu Sharma, Maysam T. Abu Sa’a, et al. "Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and ultrasound examination of thyroid nodules in the UAE: A comparison." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0247807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247807.

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Background Thyroid nodules are a common clinical finding and most are benign, however, 5–15% can be malignant. There is limited regional data describing the accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytological examination compared to ultrasound examination of thyroid in patients who have undergone thyroid surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of ultrasonographic (US) reports, FNA cytology reports and histopathology reports of 161 thyroid nodules presented at the endocrine center at Tawam hospital in Al Ain city, the United Arab Emirates during the period 2011–2019 was per

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Patil, Mahadeo R., and Sandhyarani M. Patil. "Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in thyroid swellings with histopathological correlation." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 4 (2018): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20181139.

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Background: Thyroid swellings are common in India. It is important to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid swellings for definitive planning of appropriate surgery. This study is undertaken to study sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in diagnosis of thyroid swellings by comparing preoperative FNAC with postoperative histopathology.Methods: A total of 156 patients with thyroid swellings were evaluated for a period of three years. Pre-operatively FNAC was done and was compared with post-operative histopathology and sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was studied.Results: Thyroid swelling

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Abhishek, Mishra, Dashottar Sunita, Kumar Nair Anoop, Kumar Arun, and Mishra Anushree. "A Prospective Study to Evaluate Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultrasound and Colour Doppler in Predicting Malignancy in Nodular Thyroid Disease with Pathological Correlation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 6 (2023): 465–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171271.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Nodular thyroid disease presents with one or more nodular lesions in thyroid gland which may be clinically occult. Thyroid nodules occur frequently in general population and are estimated to show a prevalence of 4-7% by palpation alone and  20-76% by ultrasound (USG) in adults. The prevalence reported by USG correlates with the surgery and autopsy prevalence in the range of 50-65%[5]. Majority of these lesions are readily detected by high resolution ultrasonography (USG). <strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ultraso

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Nieto, Hannah, and Kristien Boelaert. "WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: Thyroid-stimulating hormone in thyroid cancer: does it matter?" Endocrine-Related Cancer 23, no. 11 (2016): T109—T121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-16-0328.

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Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and the incidence is increasing rapidly worldwide. Appropriate diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of patients with thyroid tumours are critical. Fine needle aspiration cytology remains the gold standard for diagnosing thyroid cancer, and although there have been significant refinements to this technique, diagnostic surgery is often required for patients suspected to have malignancy. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is higher in patients with malignant thyroid nodules than in those with benign disease, and TSH is

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Alshalaan, Abdullah M., Waleed A. D. Elzain, Jaber Alfaifi, et al. "Prevalence of malignancy in thyroid nodules with AUS cytopathology: A retrospective cross-sectional study." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13, no. 9 (2024): 3822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_249_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Category III (AUS; Atypia of Undetermined Significance) of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was established to describe thyroid nodule features that are neither benign nor cancerous. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the rate of thyroid malignancy in patients diagnosed with AUS at the Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region (AFHSR), Saudi Arabia. Method: The patients (508) diagnosed with AUS in their thyroid nodules underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Data were collected through a chart-based approach, reviewing patients’ m

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Rano, Elodie, Lucien Lin, Vincent Molinie, et al. "Epidemiological, Clinical, Ultrasonographic and Cytological Characteristics of Thyroid Nodules in an Afro-Caribbean Population: A Series of 420 Patients." Cancers 14, no. 10 (2022): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102365.

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The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and ultrasound characteristics of malignancy in thyroid nodules and to evaluate the predictive value of the Bethesda system for thyroid cytology in the diagnosis of malignancy in an Afro-Caribbean population. We conducted a retrospective study in Martinique involving 420 patients with a diagnosis of thyroid nodules between 2011 and 2014. Of the 192/420 (45.7%) patients operated on for thyroid nodules, 9% had thyroid cancer. All patients with thyroid cancer were obese wome

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Coelho, Margarida, João Capela, Vera M. Mendes, et al. "Peptidomics Unveils Distinct Acetylation Patterns of Histone and Annexin A1 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 1 (2023): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010376.

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Thyroid cancer is a common malignancy of the endocrine system. Nodules are routinely evaluated for malignancy risk by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and in cases such as follicular lesions, differential diagnosis between benign and malignant nodules is highly uncertain. Therefore, the discovery of new biomarkers for this disease could be helpful in improving diagnostic accuracy. Thyroid nodule biopsies were subjected to a precipitation step with both the insoluble and supernatant fractions subjected to proteome and peptidome profiling. Proteomic analysis identified annexin A1 as a poten

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Swan, Kristine Zøylner, Steen Joop Bonnema, Marie Louise Jespersen, and Viveque Egsgaard Nielsen. "Reappraisal of shear wave elastography as a diagnostic tool for identifying thyroid carcinoma." Endocrine Connections 8, no. 8 (2019): 1195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-19-0324.

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Thyroid nodular disease is common, but predicting the risk of malignancy can be difficult. In this prospective study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) in predicting thyroid malignancy. Patients with thyroid nodules were enrolled from a surgical tertiary unit. Elasticity index (EI) measured by SWE was registered for seven EI outcomes assessing nodular stiffness and heterogeneity. The diagnosis was determined histologically. In total, 329 patients (mean age: 55 ± 13 years) with 413 thyroid nodules (mean size: 32 ± 13 mm, 88 malignant) were enrolled. Val

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Sharma, S. D., T. Jacques, S. Smith, and G. Watters. "Diagnosis of incidental thyroid nodules on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging: are these significant?" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 129, no. 1 (2014): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215114003107.

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AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of thyroid malignancy in the first UK case series of patients with incidentally detected thyroid lesions on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging.Methods:A total of 235 patients were evaluated with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging. Incidental focal uptake in the thyroid gland was identified in nine patients (3.8 per cent). A retrospective review of their case notes was conducted.Results:The rate of malignancy was 55 per cent. The mean and standard deviation of the maximum standardised uptake value wa

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Joshi, Milind, and Sandesh Parelkar. "Juvenile thyroid malignancy." Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology 30, no. 2 (2009): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5851.60054.

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Ross, Douglas S. "Predicting Thyroid Malignancy." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, no. 11 (2006): 4253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1772.

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Goel, Sarika, Ankur Malhotra, Arjit Agarwal, Shruti Chandak, Ashutosh Kumar, and Adil Khan. "Comparative Efficacy of Ultrasonography and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastography in Prediction of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 36, no. 5 (2020): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320931354.

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Objective: The incidence of malignancy in thyroid nodules is infrequent, but this trend may be reversing. The present study was conducted to emphasize the diagnostic accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging, in addition to conventional gray-scale ultrasonography (US), for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: A total of 141 patients with thyroid nodules (≥10 mm) were included in the study and were evaluated with US, Doppler, and ARFI elastography using Siemens S2000 Acuson ultrasound equipment. Results: The sonographic patterns most predictive and in

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Millman, Brad, and Phillip K. Pelutteri. "Nodular Thyroid Disease in Children and Adolescents." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 116, no. 6 (1997): 604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(97)70235-3.

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Thyroid nodules in children are extremely uncommon. Most thyroid nodules, both benign and malignant, present as asymptomatic neck masses. A thyroid nodule in a child is significant because of the risk of malignancy. A review of medical records at our institution demonstrated 71 patients 20 years of age and younger with surgically managed thyroid nodules, of which 45 were benign and 26 were malignant. Our diagnostic workup, including serum thyroid studies, radiologic evaluation, and fine-needle aspiration, is discussed. Because of the possibility of malignancy, we recommend that all solitary th

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