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Journal articles on the topic 'Ti-Cr-N coating'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Kukareko, V. A., A. V. Kushnerou, F. F. Komarov, S. V. Konstantinov, and V. E. Strel’nitskij. "Mechanical properties and the structural condition of Cr–N and Ti–Cr–N coatings, formed by the vacuum-arch deposition method." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series 55, no. 3 (2019): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-2430-2019-55-3-366-374.

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With the development of nuclear industry, the requirements for materials capable of operating under the conditions of ionizing radiation have increased. Such materials are nitride coatings based on titanium and chromium. In the work, using X-ray diffraction, X-ray microanalysis, nanoindentation method of Oliver and Farr, scratch testing, the structural phase state and the mechanical properties of nanostructured Cr–N and Ti–Cr–N coatings formed by vacuum-arc deposition from filtered plasma on substrates of steel 12X18H10T and alloy Zr2.5%Nb are investigated. It is established that the coating b

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2

YESKERMESSOV, Didar K., Sergey V. PLOTNIKOV, and Nazgul K. YERDYBAEVA. "STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MULTI COMPONENT (Ti-Zr-Cr-Nb)N COATINGS OBTAINED BY VACUUM-ARC DEPOSITION." Tribologia 270, no. 6 (2016): 205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6946.

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Investigated multicomponent coating nitride (Ti-Zr-Cr-Nb)N in this study were obtained using a well-developed technique of vacuum-arc deposition. Theoretical and experimental studies show that the chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of coatings are based closely on deposition parameters (the working gas pressure and bias potential on the substrate). The microstructure and mechanical properties (Ti-Zr-Cr-Nb)N coatings were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive microanalysis prefix and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phase an

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3

Volosova, Marina, Jury Bublikov, Catherine Sotova, and Ilya Sadov. "Influence of the nanolayer structure of coatings on the cutting properties of tools." MATEC Web of Conferences 329 (2020): 02035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032902035.

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The paper is focused on the influence of the thickness of nanolayers in the Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N coating on the cutting properties of the tools during the turning of 09G2S silicon-manganese steel. Coatings with the nanolayer thicknesses of 302, 70, and 16 nm were considered. The conducted studies have revealed that a tool with a coating in which the nanolayer thickness is equal to 16 nm demonstrates the longest tool life. At the same time, for such tool, the wear pattern is more balanced, and signs of brittle fracture on the coating are less pronounced. The Ti-TiN- (Ti,Cr,Al)N coating with the n

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4

Vereschaka, Alexey, Nikolay Sitnikov, Marina Volosova, Anton Seleznev, Catherine Sotova, and Jury Bublikov. "Investigation of Properties of the Zr,Hf-(Zr,Hf)N-(Zr,Hf,Me,Al)N Coatings, Where Me Means Cr, Ti, or Mo." Coatings 11, no. 12 (2021): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11121471.

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The article describes the results of the investigation focused on the properties of the Zr,Hf-(Zr,Hf)N-(Zr,Hf,Me,Al)N coatings, where Me means chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), or molybdenum (Mo). These coatings have three-layer architecture, including adhesion, transition, and wear-resistant layers, while the latter, in turn, has a nanolayer structure. Despite the fact that the coatings under study have close values of hardness and critical fracture load LC2, there are noticeable differences in wear resistance during the turning of steel. The tools with the coatings under study demonstrated bette

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Chernogor, A. V., I. V. Blinkov, D. S. Belov, V. S. Sergevnin, and A. P. Demirov. "The influence of Ni on the composition, structure and properties of Ti-Cr-N coatings." Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings, no. 1 (March 15, 2023): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2023-1-63-74.

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The influence of nickel on the structure and properties of Ti-Cr-N ion-plasma coatings obtained by arc-PVD method has been studied. With a nickel content of up to 11.9 at. %, the coating consists of Cr2N, Ti1 – xCrxN, and metallic Ni. Upon further increase in Ni concentration in the coating, intermetallic compound Ni3Ti is formed. The structure of the coatings was studied using the transmission electron microscopy. The coatings of Ti-Cr-N system are characterized by a columnar structure, in the columns of which Ti1 - xCrxN and Ti1 - yCryN (x > y) sublayers, being several nanometers thick an

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6

Nawrocki, Jacek, Tomasz Szczech, Marek Poreba, Maciej Motyka, Waldemar Ziaja, and Jan Sieniawski. "Protective Coatings on Steel Dies for Wax Injection Process." Key Engineering Materials 682 (February 2016): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.682.171.

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Protective coatings are used today in many applications for reducing friction and wear of tools in hot-working process e.g. metal die casting, hot forging, metal die plastics injection. The main goal of undertaken investigation was to evaluate usability of those coatings for improving wear resistance of metal die applied in investment casting process for wax injection. The (Ti,Al)N and (Al,Cr)N PVD coatings were deposited onto X37CrMoV5-1 hot-work tool steel and their mechanical and tribological properties are characterized in the paper. Based on the results of microscope examinations, scratch

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7

Wada, Tadahiro, and Hiroyuki Hanyu. "Tool Wear of Aluminum/Chromium/Tungsten-Based-Coated Cemented Carbide in Cutting Hardened Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 798 (October 2015): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.798.377.

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An aluminum/chromium based coating film, called (Al,Cr)N coating film, has been developed. This coating film has a slightly more inferior critical scratch load and micro-hardness. Therefore, to improve both the scratch strength and micro-hardness of the (Al,Cr)N coating film, the cathode material of an alumi-num/chromium/tungsten target was used in adding the tungsten (W) to the cathode material of the alumi-num/chromium target. To clarify the effectiveness of the aluminum/chromium/tungsten-based coating film, we measured the thickness, micro-hardness and critical scratch strength of aluminum/

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8

Vereschaka, Alexey, Catherine Sotova, Filipp Milovich, et al. "Influence of the Ti-TiN-(Y,Ti,Al)N Nanolayer Coating Deposition Process Parameters on Cutting Tool Oxidative Wear during Steel Turning." Nanomaterials 13, no. 23 (2023): 3039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13233039.

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Ti-TiN-(Y,Ti,Al)N coatings with a three-layer architecture (adhesive Ti layer, transition TiN layer, and wear-resistant (Y,Ti,Al)N layer) were studied. When depositing coatings, three arc current values of the yttrium cathode were used: 65, 85, and 105 A. The yttrium contents in the coatings were 30, 47, and 63 at. %, respectively. When turning 1045 steel, a coating with 30 at. % yttrium showed better wear resistance compared to a commercial (Ti,Cr,Al)N coating. The coating with 63 at. % yttrium did not show an increase in wear resistance compared to the uncoated sample. Nanolayers with a high

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9

Grigoriev, Sergey, Alexey Vereschaka, Filipp Milovich, et al. "Investigation of the Properties of Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Mo,Al)N Multilayered Composite Coating with Wear-Resistant Layer of Nanolayer Structure." Coatings 10, no. 12 (2020): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121236.

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The article describes the results of an investigation focused on the properties of the Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Mo,Al)N multilayered composite coating with a wear-resistant layer of nanolayer structure. A transmission electron microscope was used to study the coating structure. The examination of the phase composition using selected area diffraction electron pattern has detected the presence of two phases, including c-(Ti,Cr,Mo,Al)N and h-AlN. The cutting properties of the tool with the coating under consideration were studied during the turning of AISI 1045 steel at vc = 300 m/min, f = 0.25 mm/rev, and

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10

Vereschaka, Alexey, Filipp Milovich, Nikolay Andreev, et al. "Influence of Cutting Speed during the Turning of Inconel 718 on Oxidation Wear Pattern on the Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Mo,Al)N Composite Nanostructured Coating." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 1 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7010018.

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The properties and oxidation wear patterns in the composite nanostructured coating of Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Mo,Al)N were studied during the turning of Inconel 718 alloy at the cutting speeds of vc = 125 and 200 m/min. The hardness of the coating, its elastic modulus, and critical fracture load during the scratch testing were determined. The study focused on the tribological properties of the Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Mo,Al)N coating at temperatures of 400–900 °C paired with an insert made of Inconel 718, which exhibited a certain advantage over the reference coatings of Zr-ZrN and Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N of similar thicknes

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11

Vereschaka, Alexey, Maksim Oganyan, Yuri Bublikov, et al. "Increase in Efficiency of End Milling of Titanium Alloys Due to Tools with Multilayered Composite Nano-Structured Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Al)N and Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Cr,Al)N Coatings." Coatings 8, no. 11 (2018): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8110395.

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The study deals with an increase in the tool life parameter for metal-cutting tools and efficiency of end milling for titanium alloys, due to the use of tools with multilayered composite nano-structured Zr–ZrN–(Zr,Al)N and Zr–ZrN–(Zr,Cr,Al)N coatings, deposited through the technology of the filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition (FCVAD). The studies included the microstructured investigations using SEM, the analysis of chemical composition (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDXS), the determination of the value of critical failure force (with the use of scratch testing), and the measureme

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12

Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, Ph V., Zh S. Amankeldina, A. N. Sheveyko, S. Vorotilo, and E. A. Levashov. "Effect of Boron and Oxygen on the Structure and Properties of Protective Decorative Cr–Al–Ti–N Coatings Deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS)." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (2019): 4977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224977.

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Boron and oxygen-doped Cr–Al–Ti–N coatings were deposited by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) of TiB target manufactured by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and Ti, Cr, and Al targets. To evaluate the influence of doping elements, as-deposited coatings were studied by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), SEM, XRD, and optical profilometry. Mechanical properties were measured by nanoindentation and tribological, abrasive and electrochemical testing. The introduction of boron suppresses columnar growth and leads to structural refinement and a dec

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13

Banaszek, Katarzyna, Marek Maślanka, Michael Semenov, and Leszek Klimek. "Corrosive Studies of a Prosthetic Ni-Cr Alloy Coated with Ti(C,N) Type Layers." Materials 15, no. 7 (2022): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072471.

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Background: Investigating the general corrosion resistance of Ti(C,N) type coatings on a prosthetic nickel alloy in the aspect of their use as protective coatings on prosthetic and orthodontic elements. Methods: Five groups of Ni-Cr alloy samples covered with Ti(C,N) type coatings differing in their carbon and nitrogen contents were used for the tests. The reference group included alloy samples without coatings. The samples were held for 105 days (2520 h) in salt spray chambers and examined by means of the NSS (neutral salt spray) and SWAAT (sea water acetic acid test) tests. After the periods

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14

Vereschaka, Alexey, Filipp Milovich, Nikolay Andreev, et al. "Specific Application Features of Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N, Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Mo,Al)N, and ZrHf-(Zr,Hf)N-(Zr,Hf,Cr,Mo,Al)N Multilayered Nanocomposite Coatings in End Milling of the Inconel 718 Nickel-Chromium Alloy." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 12 (2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6120382.

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This article discusses the specific application features of end mills with Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N, Zr-ZrN-(Zr,Mo,Al)N, and ZrHf-(Zr,Hf)N-(Zr,Hf,Cr,Mo,Al)N multilayer nanocomposite coatings during the machining of the Inconel 718 nickel–chromium alloy. The hardness, fracture resistance during scratch testing, structure, and phase composition of the coatings were studied. The tribological properties of the samples were compared at temperatures of 400–900 °C. Tests were conducted to study the wear resistance of the coated end mills during the milling of the Inconel 718 alloy. The wear mechanism of th

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15

Cai, Zhi Hai, Hang Qin, Xiao Kun Du, and Zhen Yang. "Compositional, Structural and Mechanical Properties of (Ti,Cr,Al)N Coatings Deposited on the Surface of Piston Rings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1495.

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A novel super hard coating system of (Ti,Cr,Al)N was synthesized by multi arc ion plating technology. The Metallic ratio of Cr, Ti, and Al was varied by adjusting the currents of different TiAl target. The CrTiAlN composite coatings with different chemical composition were deposited on the surface of 65Mn steels by multi-ion plating technology in a gas mixture of Ar+N2. The coatings were characterized by means of energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analysis, X-ray diffractmetry(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), microhardness tester respectively. The experimental results show that the deposit

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16

ALI, MUBARAK, ESAH HAMZAH, and NOUMAN ALI. "ADHESION STRENGTH OF TiN COATINGS AT VARIOUS ION ETCHING DEPOSITED ON TOOL STEELS USING CATHODIC ARC PVD TECHNIQUE." Surface Review and Letters 16, no. 01 (2009): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x09012251.

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Titanium nitride ( TiN ) widely used as hard coating material was coated on tool steels, namely on high-speed steel (HSS) and D2 tool steel by physical vapor deposition method. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of ion etching with and without titanium ( Ti ) and chromium ( Cr ) on the adhesion strength of TiN coatings deposited on tool steels. From the scratch tester, it was observed that by increasing Ti ion etching showed an increase in adhesion strength of the deposited coatings. The coatings deposited with Cr ion etching showed poor adhesion compared with the coatings deposi

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17

Vereschaka, Alexey, Filipp Milovich, Nikolay Andreev, et al. "Efficiency of Application of (Mo, Al)N-Based Coatings with Inclusion of Ti, Zr or Cr during the Turning of Steel of Nickel-Based Alloy." Coatings 11, no. 11 (2021): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111271.

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The article compares the properties of multilayer composite wear-resistant coatings of Zr–ZrN–(Zr, Mo, Al)N, Ti–TiN–(Ti, Mo, Al)N, and Cr–CrN–(Cr, Mo, Al)N. The investigation was focused on hardness, resistance to fracture during scratch tests, elemental composition, and structure of the coatings. Experiments were carried out to study the wear resistance of coated carbide tools during the turning of 1045 steel and of NiCr20TiAl heat-resistant nickel alloy. With the elemental compositions identical in the content of molybdenum (Mo) and aluminium (Al), identical thicknesses and nanolayer periods

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18

Grigoriev, Sergey Nikolaevich, Marina Volosova, Alexey Anatolevich Vereschaka, and Anton Seleznev. "High-Strength Ceramic Cutting Tools with Multipurpose Coatings for Highly Effective Processing of Tempered Steel." Advanced Materials Research 1064 (December 2014): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1064.148.

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The article considers new technological principles of designing of vacuum-plasma coatings for ceramics on the basis of Al203–TiC and Si3N4and the requirements for the following coatings: (Zr, Hf, Cr) N; (Ti, Cr) N; ZrN. Each of these coatings has specific features which can significantly improve working capacity of ceramics in various operation conditions. Technological process and the equipment for deposition of coating on ceramic samples and cutting plates are developed. Undertaken studies of the coatings deposited according to the developed technological principles, show ability to increase

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19

Major, Ł., M. Janusz, J. M. Lackner, and B. Major. "Contribution of Titanium, Chromium and Carbon Buffer Interlayers to Bio-Tribological Properties of Multilayer Composites." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 3 (2016): 1391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0228.

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Abstract Research studies on bio-tribological protective coatings of titanium, chromium and carbon based have been performed. Thin films were fabricated by hybrid PLD technique (PLD supported by magnetron sputtering). Coatings consisted of two parts; the inner part (first from the substrate) in each case was formed by titanium or chromium/titanium nitride or chromium nitride (Ti/TiN or Cr/Cr2N). The outer part was formed by pure DLC or multilayer DLC/Ti or Cr. No delamination was found at the interface. Titanium or chromium metallic layer was deposited as a first layer directly on the metallic

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20

Fan, Q. H., J. Grácio, E. Pereira, N. Ali, and W. Ahmed. "Study of diamond adhesion behavior on chromium and titanium for obtaining adherent diamond coatings on steel." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 11 (2000): 2330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0335.

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It is known that diamond films display poor adhesion on metals such as copper and steel. One solution to overcome the poor adhesion is to use interlayer materials. In this study we report results of an investigation of the adhesion behavior of diamond on pure chromium (Cr) and titanium (Ti) substrates. Cr and Ti are promising interlayer materials for adhering diamond to stainless steel. The coating adhesion was studied using indentation tests combined with acoustic emission signals during loading. It was found that a 105-N load indentation caused the film to delaminate from the Cr substrate, w

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21

Genzel, Christoph, and Walter Reimers. "Depth-resolved X-ray residual stress analysis in PVD (Ti, Cr) N hard coatings." International Journal of Materials Research 94, no. 6 (2003): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2003-0114.

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Abstract Physical vapour deposition (PVD) of thin hard coatings on TiN basis is usually performed at rather low temperatures (T D < 500 °C) far from thermal equilibrium, which leads to high intrinsic residual stresses in the growing film. In contrast to the extrinsic thermal residual stresses which can easily be estimated from the difference of the coefficients of thermal expansion between the substrate and the coating, a theoretical prediction of the intrinsic residual stresses is difficult, because their amount as well as their distribution within the film depend in a very complex way on

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22

Vereschaka, Alexey, Sergey Grigoriev, Anatoli Chigarev, et al. "Development of a Model of Crack Propagation in Multilayer Hard Coatings under Conditions of Stochastic Force Impact." Materials 14, no. 2 (2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020260.

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The article deals with the problems of cracking in the structure of multilayered coatings under the conditions of stochastic loading process. A mathematical model has been proposed in order to predict the crack propagation velocity in the coating while taking the influence of interlayer interfaces into account. A technique for calculating the probability density distribution of the coating fracture (failure rate) has been developed. The probability of a change in the crack growth direction is compared with the experimental data that were obtained as a result of the studies focused on the patte

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23

Vereschaka, Alexey, Sergey Grigoriev, Anatoli Chigarev, et al. "Development of a Model of Crack Propagation in Multilayer Hard Coatings under Conditions of Stochastic Force Impact." Materials 14, no. 2 (2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020260.

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The article deals with the problems of cracking in the structure of multilayered coatings under the conditions of stochastic loading process. A mathematical model has been proposed in order to predict the crack propagation velocity in the coating while taking the influence of interlayer interfaces into account. A technique for calculating the probability density distribution of the coating fracture (failure rate) has been developed. The probability of a change in the crack growth direction is compared with the experimental data that were obtained as a result of the studies focused on the patte

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24

Hsu, Cheng-Hsun, Hong-Wei Chen, Chun-Yin Lin, and Syue-Hong Hu. "Effect of N2/Ar Ratio on Wear Behavior of Multi-Element Nitride Coatings on AISI H13 Tool Steel." Materials 17, no. 19 (2024): 4748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17194748.

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In this study, multi-element nitride coatings composed of (Ti, Cr, Cu, Al, Si)N were synthesized on H13 tool steel using cathodic arc deposition (CAD) technology. The N2/Ar flow ratio varied from 0 to 2 as the experimental parameter, and two targets, Ti-Cr-Cu and Al-Si alloys, were utilized simultaneously. The impact of the gas flow ratio on the coatings’ abrasion properties was investigated, focusing on aspects, such as chemical composition, adhesion, hardness, and wear behavior. The experimental findings indicate that the coated specimens with a nitrogen reaction exhibit superior hardness an

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Volosova, Marina A., Maxim A. Lyakhovetsky, Artem P. Mitrofanov, Yury A. Melnik, Anna A. Okunkova, and Sergey V. Fedorov. "Influence of Cr-Al-Si-N and DLC-Si Thin Coatings on Wear Resistance of Titanium Alloy Samples with Different Surface Conditions." Coatings 13, no. 9 (2023): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13091581.

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The influence of Cr-Al-Si-N, DLC-Si, and Cr-Al-Si-N/DLC-Si thin coatings deposited on titanium alloy (Ti-Al-Zr-Sn-Nb system) samples with different surface reliefs on wear resistance under abrasion and fretting conditions was investigated. The influence of coatings on the initial microrelief after finishing milling and lapping with micro-grained abrasive was studied by profilometry. The Martens hardness (H) and the elastic modulus (E) were determined through nanoindentation. The H/E ratio was 0.08, 0.09, and 0.13, respectively. The adhesion bond strength and H/E ratio relationship was revealed

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Lou, Bih-Show, Yu-Chen Lin, and Jyh-Wei Lee. "Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of AlCrNbSiTiN High Entropy Alloy Nitride Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 10 (2023): 1724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101724.

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High-entropy alloy (HEA) nitride coatings have been extensively studied due to their desirable properties of high hardness, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance. Among HEA nitride thin films, the AlCrNbSiTiN coatings exhibit very good hardness, high temperature strength, and thermal stability. In this study, six AlCrNbSiTiN HEA coatings with different Al and Cr contents were synthesized using a co-sputtering system with a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) power connected to an Al70Cr30 target and a mid-frequency power connected with an Al4Cr2NbSiTi2 high-entropy alloy tar

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Hlushkova, Diana, Valeriy Bagrov, and Volodymyr Volchuk. "Application of modern fractal formalism methods for researching the influence of ion-plasma coatings on assessing the wear resistance of volume hydraulic drive components." Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University 1, no. 103 (2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2023.103.1.34.

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Problem. The studies on preparation and application of Ti–Cr–N coating on the surface of the 38Х2МЮА steel have been conducted. Goal. The purpose of the work is to investigate the feasibility of using a fractal approach to evaluate the effect of plasma coatings to increase the wear resistance of parts of a volumetric hydraulic drive. Methodology. Cr was chosen as the material for ion bombardment, since it makes it possible to reduce the temperature of the substrate before applying the coating and avoid the risk of surface softening. After heat treatment of the 38Х2МЮА steel, its hardness rang

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Banaszek, Katarzyna, and Leszek Klimek. "Ti(C, N) as Barrier Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 7 (2019): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9070432.

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Metals and their alloys are materials that have long been used in stomatological prosthetics and orthodontics. The side effects of their application include reactions of the body such as allergies. Their source can be corrosion products as well as metal ions released in the corrosion process, which penetrate the surrounding tissue. In order to prevent the harming effect of metal alloys, intensive research has been performed to purify metal prosthetic restorations by way of modifying their surface. The study presents the investigation results of Ti(C, N)-type coatings applied to alloy Ni–Cr by

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Mishra, Suman Kumari. "Toughening of nanocomposite hard coatings." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 59, no. 1 (2020): 553–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2020-0049.

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AbstractFor engineering applications, hardness must be complimented with high toughness for applications where high contact loads are there. A good combination of hardness, toughness and low coefficient of friction can be achieved, by suitable tailoring of microstructures of coating in hard nanocomposite coatings. Tribologocal applications require hard coatings with tailored functionalities for different applications; hard nanocomposite coatings are potential materials for such applications. Ti and amorphous carbon based systems have shown more promising material. The present review discusses

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Grigoriev, Sergey, Alexey Vereschaka, Filipp Milovich, et al. "Investigation of the Properties of Multilayer Nanostructured Coating Based on the (Ti,Y,Al)N System with High Content of Yttrium." Coatings 13, no. 2 (2023): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020335.

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The studies are focused on the properties of the multilayer composite coating based on the (Ti,Y,Al)N system with high content of yttrium (about 40 at.%) of yttrium (Y). The hardness and elastic modulus were defined, and the resistance to fracture was studied during the scratch testing. Two cubic solid solutions (fcc phases), including c-(Ti,Y,Al)N and c-(Y,Ti,Al)N, are formed in the coating. The investigation of the wear resistance of the (Ti,Y,Al)N-coated tools during the turning of steel in comparison with the wear resistance of the tools with the based on the (Ti,Cr,Al)N system coating and

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Banaszek, Katarzyna, Leszek Klimek, Jan Ryszard Dąbrowski, and Wojciech Jastrzębski. "Fretting Wear in Orthodontic and Prosthetic Alloys with Ti(C, N) Coatings." Processes 7, no. 12 (2019): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7120874.

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Fretting occurs during orthodontic treatment or wearing prosthesis. Although weight of particles is marginal, the total releasing area is more of a concern due to amount and volume of molecules. The aim of the study was to examine the fretting wear resistance of orthodontic and prosthetic alloy Ni-Cr-Mo samples coated with Ti(C, N) and to compare them with samples without any coating. Five groups of cylindrical shape samples (S1–S5) made of Ni-Cr-Mo were coated with Ti(C, N) layers with different content of C and N. The control group (S0) was without layer. The alloys underwent fretting wear r

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Grigoriev, Sergey, Alexey Vereschaka, Alexander Metel, et al. "Investigation into Performance of Multilayer Composite Nano-Structured Cr-CrN-(Cr0.35Ti0.40Al0.25)N Coating for Metal Cutting Tools." Coatings 8, no. 12 (2018): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8120447.

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This paper deals with the Cr-CrN-(Cr0.35Ti0.40Al0.25)N coating. It has a three-layered architecture with a nano-structured wear-resistant layer. The studies involved the investigation into the microstructure (with the use of SEM and TEM), elemental and phase composition (XRD and SAED patterns), wear process pattern in scratch testing, crystal structure, as well as the microhardness of the coating. Cutting tests of tools with the above coating were carried out in dry turning of steel 1045 at cutting speeds of vc = 200, 250, and 300 m·min−1. The comparison included uncoated tools and tools with

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Mokritskii, B. Ya, and A. A. Skripilev. "DIAGNOSTICS OF INSTRUMENTAL MATERIALS BASED ON THE RESULTS OF MODELING OF COATINGS OF INSTRUMENTAL MATERIAL." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 308 (February 2024): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2024.02.pp.030-038.

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Computer modeling makes it possible to predict the adhesion properties of various materials and monolayers in the material at the atomic level. As a result of this approach, it is possible to diagnose the operational properties of the tool material according to the calculated values of the adhesion energy of the layers in the tool coating. The issues of studying the adhesive properties of monolayers successively deposited on a hard alloy VK8 are considered. The adhesive properties of Ti, TiN and (Ti, Cr, Al)N layers with each other and with WC92-Co8 hard alloy are investigated. The dependence

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Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, Ph, A. Sytchenko, D. Moskovskikh, et al. "Hard Wear-Resistant Ti-Si-C Coatings for Cu-Cr Electrical Contacts." Materials 16, no. 3 (2023): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16030936.

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In this study, hard wear-resistant Ti-Si-C coatings were deposited on Cu-Cr materials to improve their performance as sliding electrical contact materials. A ceramic disk composed of Ti3SiC2 and TiC phases was used as a target for DC magnetron sputtering to deposit the coatings. The influence of the power supplied to the magnetron on the chemical composition, structure, and friction coefficient of the coatings was examined. The coatings demonstrated high hardness (23–25 GPa), low wear rate (1–3 × 10−5 mm3/N/m) and electrical resistance (300 μOhm·cm), and fair resistance to electroerosion. The

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Grigoriev, Sergey, Marina Volosova, Yuri Bublikov, et al. "A Study of the Features of Coating Deposition on a Carbide Substrate Using Preliminary Etching with Glow-Discharge Plasma." Surfaces 7, no. 4 (2024): 920–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces7040060.

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The properties of coatings obtained using two surface preparation methods were compared: heating and etching by ion bombardment with plasma generation by arc evaporators and heating and etching by a glow discharge. A Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N coating was deposited. The use of a glow discharge provides better resistance of the coating to destruction during the scratch test and wear resistance of metal-cutting tools when turning steel. As the cutting speed increases, the advantage in wear resistance of the coating deposited using a glow discharge increases. During the process of heating and etching by

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Sergeev, Oleg V., Victor P. Sergeev, Marina V. Fedorischeva, and Andrey V. Voronov. "Tribological Properties and Microstructure of Gradient Nanocomposite Coatings on the Basis of Ti-Al-Cr-B-N." Advanced Materials Research 1085 (February 2015): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.139.

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The X-ray and mass spectroscopy of secondary ions, the phase composition, the distribution of elements in the depth of coating on the basis Ti-Al-N treated by the (Cr+B) ion beam was studied. It was established that the ion implantation of B and Cr in TiAlN coating leads to changes in the chemical composition of the surface layer and the redistribution of the elements in the surface layer. This fact leads to change of tribological properties and microhardness.

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Teppernegg, T., C. Czettl, C. Michotte, and C. Mitterer. "Arc evaporated Ti-Al-N/Cr-Al-N multilayer coating systems for cutting applications." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 72 (April 2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2017.12.014.

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Banaszek, Katarzyna, Katarzyna Dąbrowska, Witold Jakubowski, Leszek Klimek, and Zofia Kula. "The Effect of Ti(C,N)-Based Coating Composition on Ni-Cr Alloys on the Initial Adhesion of E. coli Bacteria and C. albicans Fungi." Coatings 15, no. 2 (2025): 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15020121.

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Under natural physiological conditions, the oral cavity is colonized by a diverse range of microorganisms, which inhabit its anatomical structures as well as prosthetic restorations and the supragingival surfaces of implants. The metabolic activity of these microorganisms can contribute to microbiological corrosion, leading to the degradation of metal prosthetic materials. No material used for prosthetic elements is entirely resistant to bacterial adhesion. However, the application of protective coatings, such as Ti(C,N) coatings, on prosthetic surfaces can significantly reduce microorganism a

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Banaszek, K., and L. Klimek. "Wettability and Surface Free Energy of Ti(C,N) Coatings on Nickel-based Casting Prosthetic Alloys." Archives of Foundry Engineering 15, no. 3 (2015): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2015-0050.

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Abstract The production process of prosthetic restorations runs in two stages. In the first stage, the prosthetic foundation is produced of metal alloys. In the second stage, a facing material is applied on the produced element. In both stages, the wettability is significantly important, as well as the free surface energy relating to it. The quality of the obtained cast depends on the surface phenomena occurring between the metal alloy and the material of which the casting mould is made. The performed examinations also point to a relation between the ceramics joint and the base, depending on t

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Shikalov, Vladislav S., Diana A. Katanaeva, Tomila M. Vidyuk, et al. "Microstructural Modification of Cold-Sprayed Ti-Cr3C2 Composite Coating by Laser Remelting." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 12 (2023): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120500.

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Laser processing is an effective post-treatment method for modifying the structure and improving the properties of cold-sprayed coatings. In the present work, the possibility of fabricating a hard and wear-resistant Ti-based cermet coating by cold spray followed by laser remelting was studied. A mixture of titanium and chromium carbide powders in a ratio of 60/40 wt.% was deposited by cold spray onto a titanium alloy substrate, which ensured the formation of a composite coating with a residual chromium carbide content of about 12–13 wt.%. The optimal values of laser beam power (2 kW) and scann

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Liu, Jie, Yongchao Wang, Guiqian Liu, Junfang Hua, and Xin Deng. "Properties and Performance of TiAlSiN and AlCrN Monolayer and Multilayer Coatings for Turning Ti-6Al-4V." Coatings 13, no. 7 (2023): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13071229.

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The high chemical activity, low thermal conductivity, and high strength of titanium alloys lead to severe tool wear during cutting. The coating applied to the tool surface insulates the effect of heat and chemical reactions. TiAlSiN coating and AlCrN coating are two representative coatings with excellent properties in TiN-based and CrN-based applications, respectively. Three types of nanocoatings—TiAlSiN monolayer, AlCrN monolayer, and TiAlSiN/AlCrN multilayer—were prepared, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, diffusion properties with titanium alloy, and cutti

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Chitanov, Vasiliy, Ekaterina Zlatareva, Stefan Kolchev, et al. "Investigation of Ti/TiN/AlTiCrN hard coating deposited by Close Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2952, no. 1 (2025): 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2952/1/012006.

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Abstract A Ti/TiN/AlTiCrN hard coating was developed and deposited with Close Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering. Technological experiments were performed to optimize the ratio between the composed metals Al, Ti, and Cr, and the ratio metals/nitrogen. Nanoindentation measurements obtained nanohardnes of 32 GPa. A scratch test with a normal load up to 30 N indicated good adhesion to the substrate. A tribological test with a rotational drive (ball on plate) was made with a load of 3 N and a path length of 50 m. The measured coefficient of friction was 0.34. It should be noted that the reporte

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Cai, Zhi Hai, Ping Zhang, and Yue Lan Di. "Nanolayered CrN/TiAIN Coatings Synthesized by Ion Plating Technology for Tribological Application on Piston Rings." Advanced Materials Research 216 (March 2011): 430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.216.430.

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By using the ion plating technology,the multilayered CrN/TiAlN as well as monolayered CrN and TiAlN coatings were made on the suface of piston rings to improve its tribological properties and increase service life using Cr and Ti50Al50 alloy cathodes. EDS analysis showed that the main compositions of CrN/TiAlN coatings are Cr30.61%,Ti 20.42%,Al 13.88% and N 35.10%. The preferred orientation was changed from (111) in CrN and TiAlN monolayered coatings to (220) plane in the multilayered CrN/TiAlN coatings. The multilayered CrN/TiAlN coatings had smaller crystallite size than the monolayered CrN

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MOKRITSKI, B. YA, V. G. ZAVODINSKY, and O. A. GORKUSHA. "INVESTIGATION OF THE ADHESION PROPERTIES OF TI, TIN AND (TI, CR, AL)N LAYERS SUCCESSIVELY DEPOSITED ON THE WC92-CO8 HARD ALLOY SURFACE." Computational Nanotechnology 10, no. 2 (2023): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2313-223x-2023-10-2-53-59.

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The energy of a three-layer coating on the surface of a hard alloy based on tungsten carbide WC92-Co8 (technical name VK8) has been studied using computer simulation methods of density functional theory and pseudopotentials. The first layer is titanium; the second layer is titanium nitride; the third layer is a composite nitride (Ti, Cr, Al)N. The dependence of the energy of adhesion of titanium to the WC and Co surfaces on the thickness of the deposited titanium layer (from one to three atomic layers) has been studied. The adhesion energy of titanium nitride to the pre-deposited titanium laye

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Wang, Yan, and Wang Gao. "Microstructure and Performance of Ni/TiN Coatings Deposited by Laser Melting Deposition on 40Cr Substrates." Coatings 12, no. 3 (2022): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12030367.

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The current study reports the successful preparation of Ni/TiN coatings via laser melting deposition (LMD) for repairing the shaft of an electric submersible pump (ESP). The surface morphology, microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, shear strength, and wear resistance were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness meter, shear strength test machine, and friction and wear tester. Among the three coatings, the Ni/TiN coating deposited at 1.5 kW processed fine grains with an evenly dispersed and compact structure. The Ni/TiN coat

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Loskutova, Tetiana, Michal Hatala, Inna Pogrebova, et al. "Composition, Structure, and Properties of Ti, Al, Cr, N, C Multilayer Coatings on AISI W1-7 Alloyed Tool Steel." Coatings 12, no. 5 (2022): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12050616.

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New methods of diffusion metallization of AISI W1-7 steel have been developed. The paper proposes a comparative analysis of the properties and characteristics of AISI W1-7 steel after three methods of chemical heat treatment: diffusion nitriding, nitrogen titration by physical deposition from the gas phase, and diffusion chromium plating with subsequent titanium alloys. The results are presented as a comprehensive analysis of coatings: metallographic, micro-X-ray spectral, X-ray phase, durometric, heat resistance, and wear resistance. It is established that multilayer protective coatings are f

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Lugscheider, E., K. Bobzin, C. Piñero, F. Klocke, and T. Massmann. "Development of a superlattice (Ti,Hf,Cr)N coating for cold metal forming applications." Surface and Coatings Technology 177-178 (January 2004): 616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(03)00935-6.

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Volosova, Marina A., Anna A. Okunkova, Elena Y. Kropotkina, Enver S. Mustafaev, and Khasan I. Gkhashim. "Wear Resistance of Ceramic Cutting Inserts Using Nitride Coatings and Microtexturing by Electrical Discharge Machining." Eng 6, no. 1 (2025): 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/eng6010011.

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Today, the machining of heat-resistant alloys based on triple, quad, or penta equilibria high-entropy alloy systems of elements (ternary, quaternary, quinary iron-, titanium-, or nickel-rich alloys), including dual-phase by Gibb’s phase rule, steels of the austenite class, and nickel- and titanium-based alloys, are highly relevant for the airspace and aviation industry, especially for the production of gas turbine engines. Cutting tools in contact with those alloys should withstand intensive mechanical and thermal loads (tense state of 1.38·108–1.54·108 N/m2, temperature up to 900–1200 °C). Th

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Wada, Tadahiro, and Hiroyuki Hanyu. "Tool Wear of Aluminum/Chromium/Tungsten-Based-Coated Cemented Carbide in Cutting Hardened Sintered Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 772 (July 2015): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.72.

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In order to improve both the scratch strength and the micro-hardness of (Al,Cr)N coating film, the cathode material of an aluminum/chromium/tungsten target was used in adding the tungsten (W) to the cathode material of the aluminum/chromium target. In this study, hardened sintered steel was turned with (Al60,Cr25,W15)N, (Al60,Cr25,W15)(C,N), (Al64,Cr28,W8)(C,N), (Al,Cr)N and (Ti,Al)N coated cemented carbide tools. The tool wear of the coated cemented carbide tool was experimentally investigated. The following results were obtained: (1) In cutting hardened sintered steel at the cutting speed of

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Mokritskii, B. Ya, and A. V. Kosmynin. "Design of metal-cutting tool coatings at the atomic level." iPolytech Journal 27, no. 3 (2023): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2023-3-511-517.

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The research aims to lower tooling costs by reducing the time allotted to designing coatings on domestic cemented carbide metal-cutting tools by using the atomic force approach. The object of the study is coatings on cemented carbides of the tungsten carbide group such as titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), and titanium (Ti) coatings or a nitride-based titanium, chromium and aluminum (Ti,Cr,Al)N composite coating. To select the most rational coatings, the article employed the method of calculating the functionals of interatomic systems using the density functional description of si

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