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Journal articles on the topic 'Tidal Strait'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Novico, Franto, Evi Hadrijantie Sudjono, Andi Egon, David Menier, Manoj Methew, and Munawir Bintang Pratama. "Tidal Current Energy Resources Assessment in the Patinti Strait, Indonesia." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, no. 3 (2021): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.35003.

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Indonesia is currently intensively developing its renewable energy resource and targets at least 23% by 2025. As an archipelago country, Indonesia has the potential to benefit from its abundant renewable energy resources from its offshore regions. However, the short tidal range of mixed semi-diurnal and the suitable tidal turbine capacity may hinder marine renewable energy development in Indonesian waters. This paper presents higher-order hydrodynamic numerical models to provide spatial information for tidal current resource assessment of the Patinti Strait. The present study applied the hydrographic and oceanographic method to produce input of the numerical model. Based on the selected simulation analysis, the highest current speed could be identified around Sabatang and Saleh Kecil Island with up to 2.5 m/s in P1 and 1.7 m/s in P4. Besides, the operational hours for the two observation points are 69% and 74.5%, respectively. The results indicate that this location is of prime interest for tidal turbine implementation as an energy source, for medium capacity (300 kW) and high capacity (1 MW).

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2

Kasajima, Yoshie, and Harald Svendsen. "Tidal features in the Fram Strait." Continental Shelf Research 22, no. 17 (2002): 2461–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-4343(02)00132-2.

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3

Pratama, Munawir Bintang, Vengatesan Venugopal, Harman Ajiwibowo, Juventus Welly Ginting, and Franto Novico. "Modelling Tidal Flow Hydrodynamics of Sunda Strait, Indonesia." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 25, no. 4 (2020): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.25.4.165-172.

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In the past years, Indonesian people put more attention to Sunda Strait located between Java and Sumatra Islands, one of the busiest straits occupied with residential, recreational, fisheries, transportation, industrial and mining activities. Previous works on numerical modelling of tidal flow hydrodynamics of the Sunda Strait have resulted in good agreement against field data; however, the calibration of the models used was not described in detail. This paper presents the process of setting up the model, extensive calibration, validation and prediction of tidal currents for the Sunda Strait. A two-dimensional tidal-driven model is constructed using Delft3D, an open-source developed by Deltares. Four different bathymetry datasets, four different boundary condition configurations, and various bed roughness values are used, and their suitability in predicting tidal water level and current are investigated. It is found that changing the bathymetry and boundary conditions improve the model validation significantly. GEBCO_2019 bathymetry dataset outperforms the Batnas, even though it has a coarser resolution. For boundary conditions, the combination of water level and current velocity results in a better validation compares to using water level or current velocity only. However, the bed roughness shows an insignificant influence in predicting tidal conditions. The averaged current velocity is lower at the Southern than the Northern side of the strait due to a larger cross-section, consequence of deeper water. High tidal currents of magnitude around 2 m.s-1 are seen at the bottleneck of the strait.

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4

Firdaus, Ahmad M., Guy T. Houlsby, and Thomas A. A. Adcock. "Tidal energy resource in Larantuka Strait, Indonesia." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Energy 173, no. 2 (2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jener.19.00042.

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5

Medeiros, Carmen, and Bjo¨rn Kjerfve. "Tidal characteristics of the Strait of Magellan." Continental Shelf Research 8, no. 8 (1988): 947–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(88)90056-8.

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6

Sutherland, Graig, Chris Garrett, and Mike Foreman. "Tidal Resonance in Juan de Fuca Strait and the Strait of Georgia." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 7 (2005): 1279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2738.1.

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Abstract The resonant period and quality factor Q are determined for the semienclosed sea comprising Juan de Fuca Strait, Puget Sound, and the Strait of Georgia. The observed tidal elevation gain and phase change, from the Pacific Ocean to this inland sea, are fitted to the predictions of simple analytic models, which give a resonant period of 17–21 h and a Q of about 2. The low Q value, indicative of a highly dissipative system, is consistent with the need for numerical models for the area to employ large bottom friction coefficients. These include the effects of form drag.

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7

Orhan, Kadir, Roberto Mayerle, Rangaswami Narayanan, and Wahyu Pandoe. "INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY POTENTIAL FROM TIDAL STREAM CURRENTS IN INDONESIA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.management.10.

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In this paper, an advanced methodology developed for the assessment of tidal stream resources is applied to several straits between Indian Ocean and inner Indonesian seas. Due to the high current velocities up to 3-4 m/s, the straits are particularly promising for the efficient generation of electric power. Tidal stream power potentials are evaluated on the basis of calibrated and validated high-resolution, three-dimensional numerical models. It was found that the straits under investigation have tremendous potential for the development of renewable energy production. Suitable locations for the installation of the turbines are identified in all the straits, and sites have been ranked based on the level of power density. Maximum power densities are observed in the Bali Strait, exceeding around 10kw/m2. Horizontal axis tidal turbines with a cut-in velocity of 1m/s are considered in the estimations. The highest total extractable power resulted equal to about 1,260MW in the Strait of Alas. Preliminary assessments showed that the power production at the straits under investigation is likely to exceed previous predictions reaching around 5,000MW.

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8

Wei, Zexun, Guohong Fang, R. Dwi Susanto, et al. "Tidal elevation, current, and energy flux in the area between the South China Sea and Java Sea." Ocean Science 12, no. 2 (2016): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-12-517-2016.

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Abstract. The South China Sea (SCS) and the Java Sea (JS) are connected through the Karimata Strait, Gaspar Strait, and the southern Natuna Sea, where the tides are often used as open boundary condition for tidal simulation in the SCS or Indonesian seas. Tides, tidal currents, and tidal energy fluxes of the principle constituents K1, O1, Q1, M2, S2, and N2 at five stations in this area have been analyzed using in situ observational data. The results show that the diurnal tides are the dominant constituents in the entire study area. The constituent K1 has the largest amplitude, exceeding 50 cm, whereas the amplitudes of M2 are smaller than 5 cm at all stations. The amplitudes of S2 may exceed M2 in the Karimata and Gaspar straits. Tidal currents are mostly of rectilinear type in this area. The semi-major axes lengths of the diurnal tidal current ellipses are about 10 cm s−1, and those of the semidiurnal tidal currents are smaller than 5 cm s−1. The diurnal tidal energy flows from the SCS to the JS. The semidiurnal tidal energy flows from the SCS to the JS through the Karimata Strait and the eastern part of the southern Natuna Sea but flows in the opposite direction in the Gaspar Strait and the western part of the southern Natuna Sea. Harmonic analysis of sea level and current observation also suggest that the study area is located in the antinodal band of the diurnal tidal waves, and in the nodal band of the semidiurnal tidal waves. Comparisons show that the existing models are basically consistent with the observational results, but further improvements are necessary.

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9

Wei, Z. X., G. H. Fang, R. D. Susanto, et al. "Tidal elevation, current and energy flux in the area between the South China Sea and Java Sea." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 6 (2015): 2831–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2831-2015.

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Abstract. The South China Sea (SCS) and the Java Sea (JS) are connected through the Karimata Strait, Gaspar Strait, and the southern Natuna Sea, where the tides are often used as open boundary condition for tidal simulation in the SCS or Indonesian seas. Tides, tidal currents and tidal energy fluxes of the principle constituents K1, O1, Q1, M2, S2 and N2 at five stations in this area have been analyzed using in-situ observational data. The results show that the diurnal tides are the dominant constituents in the entire study area. The constituent K1 has the largest amplitude, exceeding 50 cm, whereas the amplitudes of M2 are smaller than 5 cm at all stations. The amplitudes of S2 may exceed M2 in Karimata and Gaspar Straits. Tidal currents are mostly of rectilinear type in this area. The major semi axis lengths of the diurnal tidal current ellipses are about 10 cm s−1, and those of the semi-diurnal tidal currents are smaller than 5 cm s−1. The diurnal tidal energy flows from the SCS to the JS. The semi-diurnal tidal energy flows from the SCS to the JS through the Karimata Strait and the eastern part of the southern Natuna Sea but flows in the opposite direction in the Gaspar Strait and the western part of the southern Natuna Sea. Harmonic analysis of sea level and current observation also suggest that the study area is located in the loop band of the diurnal tidal waves, and in the nodal band of the semi-diurnal tidal waves. Comparisons show that the existing models are basically consistent with the observational results, but further improvements are necessary.

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10

Khimchenko, E. E., D. I. Frey, and E. G. Morozov. "Tidal internal waves in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica." Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 20, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/2020es000711.

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11

Wijeratne, E. M. S., C. B. Pattiaratchi, Matt Eliot, and Ivan D. Haigh. "Tidal characteristics in Bass Strait, south-east Australia." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 114 (December 2012): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2012.08.027.

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12

Odamaki, Minoru. "Tides and tidal currents in the Tusima Strait." Journal of the Oceanographical Society of Japan 45, no. 1 (1989): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02108795.

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13

Yu, Haiqing, Huaming Yu, Lu Wang, et al. "Tidal propagation and dissipation in the Taiwan Strait." Continental Shelf Research 136 (March 2017): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2016.12.006.

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14

Stevens, C. L., M. J. Smith, B. Grant, C. L. Stewart, and T. Divett. "Tidal energy resource complexity in a large strait: The Karori Rip, Cook Strait." Continental Shelf Research 33 (February 2012): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2011.11.012.

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15

Longhitano, Sergio G., Valentina M. Rossi, Domenico Chiarella, Donatella Mellere, Francesco Muto, and Vincenzo Tripodi. "From marginal to axial tidal-strait facies in the Early Pleistocene Siderno Strait." Geological Field Trips 13, no. 1.4 (2021): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/gft.2021.04.

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16

Goward Brown, Alice J., Matt Lewis, Benjamin I. Barton, Gus Jeans, and Steven A. Spall. "Investigation of the Modulation of the Tidal Stream Resource by Ocean Currents through a Complex Tidal Channel." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 10 (2019): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100341.

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Tidal energy has the opportunity to bring reliable electricity to remote regions in the world. A resource assessment, including the response of the tidal stream resource to fluctuations in the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) is performed using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) to simulate four different scenarios for flow through the Lombok Strait in Indonesia. Tidal currents simulated with a variable ITF are compared against a tide-only (TO) simulation to identify how the ITF spatially changes the resource across the Lombok Strait. We find that the uncertainty in the tidal currents from the TO simulation is 50% greater than the variable ITF simulation. To identify change to resource, surface velocities from Strong ITF and Weak ITF scenarios are considered. As a result of the fluctuations in the ITF, certain characteristics, such as the asymmetry and magnitude, of the tidal current vary greatly. However, the magnitude of change is variable, with regions to the west of the strait experiencing greater modulation than in the east, suggesting that resource uncertainty can be minimised with selective site positioning.

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17

Berlianty, Dessy, and Tetsuo Yanagi. "TIDE AND TIDAL CURRENT IN THE BALI STRAIT, INDONESIA." Marine Research in Indonesia 36, no. 2 (2015): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v36i2.39.

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Tide and tidal current model of the Bali Strait in Indonesia is produced by using a Coupled Hydrodynamical-Ecological Model for Regional and Shelf Seas (COHERENS). With its resolutions in the horizontal (500meters) and the vertical (4layers), the model well reproduces the four major tidal constituents, namely M2, S2, K1, and O1 tides, and their currents. Furthermore the model is used to investigate the tide-induced residual flow and tidal front in the Bali Strait. As a results, the tide-induced residual flow in the Bali Strait during the spring tide on May 16th in 2010 can be attributed to the variation of the strength of two eddies. The first one is the clockwise circulation in the shallow area at the wide part of the strait, while the second one is the small clockwise circulation in the south of the narrow strait. On the other hand, as suggestion from Simpson and Hunter (1974), the tidal front is determined by the value of log(H/U3) (where is the water depth in meters and the amplitude oftidal current amplitude in ms-1). The front detected by the image of sea surface temperature distribution from the satellite corresponds with the contour log(H/U3) of 6.5.

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18

Fandry, CB, GD Hubbert, and PC McIntosh. "Comparison of predictions of a numerical model and observations of tides in Bass Strait." Marine and Freshwater Research 36, no. 6 (1985): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9850737.

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A depth-averaged numerical model is used to describe the tidal regime in Bass Strait. Tidal constants corresponding to the four major tidal constituents (M2, S2, O1 and K1) are calculated at the grid points of the model, and co-amplitude and co-phase contours drawn for each of the constituents. At 17 locations in Bass Strait, the computed tidal constants are in excellent agreement with those obtained from flow and sea-level data. The dominant tidal constituent is found to be the semi-diurnal, M2, tide, which is predicted by the model with an accuracy of 10% in sea-level amplitude and 10� in phase. The M2 tide in Bass Strait is generated by two oppositely travelling waves, one entering the eastern end and another entering the western end with a phase lag of about 3 h. Some amplification of these waves occurs as they move from the deep water into the much shallower continental shelf waters of the Strait, and their superposition causes a large tidal amplitude (up to 1.2 m) to occur in central Bass Strait. The other three constituents are much weaker than the M2 constituent, and are driven by tidal waves entering from the western end. They propagate eastwards, emerging at the eastern end with little change in amplitude throughout the Strait.

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19

Dai, Peng, Jisheng Zhang, and Jinhai Zheng. "Tidal current and tidal energy changes imposed by a dynamic tidal power system in the Taiwan Strait, China." Journal of Ocean University of China 16, no. 6 (2017): 953–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11802-017-3237-4.

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20

Auguste, Christelle, Philip Marsh, Jean-Roch Nader, Remo Cossu, and Irene Penesis. "Towards a Tidal Farm in Banks Strait, Tasmania: Influence of Tidal Array on Hydrodynamics." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205326.

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The development of tidal energy in Australia is still a challenge with few studies performed on the characterisation of the resource, due to the difficulty to acquire data and uncertainties about the influence of this anthropogenic activity on the marine environment. Changes in flow could lead to alterations in sediment transport and have further influence on the marine habitat. A case study in a promising area, Banks Strait (Australia), was created using high resolution 2D and 3D models validated against in situ data to investigate changes to hydrodynamic conditions with two scenarios of tidal farms (100 and 300 turbines). Comparison between 2D and 3D is performed to find the best compromise between model accuracy and computational time for preliminary assessment. Changes to current speed and bed shear stress over a 35 day period were found to be localised around the tidal farms and did not extent more than 7 km from the farm (300 turbines) for both 2D and 3D. The results showed that for near field and far field, 2D models are sufficient to give a first approximation of the hydrodynamic influence of tidal farm deployment on its environment.

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21

Cossu, Remo, Irene Penesis, Jean-Roch Nader, et al. "Tidal energy site characterisation in a large tidal channel in Banks Strait, Tasmania, Australia." Renewable Energy 177 (November 2021): 859–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.111.

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22

Ermakov, Sergey V. "SOME FEATURES OF PASSAGE STRAIT WITH FAST TIDAL STREAM (STRAIT FOR EXAMPLE - PENTLAND FIRTH)." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 9, no. 4 (2017): 691–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2017-9-4-691-703.

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23

Ursella, L., V. Kovačević, and M. Gačić. "Tidal variability of the motion in the Strait of Otranto." Ocean Science 10, no. 1 (2014): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-10-49-2014.

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Abstract. Various current data, collected in the Strait of Otranto during the period 1994–2007, have been analysed with the aim of describing the characteristics of the tidal motions and their contribution to the total flow variance. The principal tidal constituents in the area were the semi-diurnal (M2) and the diurnal (K1), with the latter one predominant. The total flow was, in general, more energetic along the flanks than in the middle of the strait. Specifically, it was most energetic over the western shelf and in the upper layer along the eastern flank. In spite of the generally low velocities (a few cm s−1) of the principal tidal constituents, the tidal variance has a pattern similar to that of the total flow variance, that is, it was large over the western shelf and low in the middle. The proportion of non-tidal (comprising the inertial and sub-inertial low-frequency bands) to tidal flow variances was quite variable in both time and space. The low-frequency motions dominated over the tidal and inertial ones in the eastern portion of the strait during the major part of the year, particularly in the upper and intermediate layers. In the deep, near-bottom layer the variance was evenly distributed between the low frequency, diurnal and semi-diurnal bands. An exception was observed near the western shelf break during the summer season when the contribution of the tidal signal to the total variance reached 77%. This high contribution was mainly due to the intensification of the diurnal signal at that location at both upper and bottom current records (velocities of about 10 cm s−1). Local wind and sea level data were analysed and compared with the flow to find the possible origin of this diurnal intensification. Having excluded the sea-breeze impact on the intensification of the diurnal tidal signal, the most likely cause remains the generation of the topographically trapped internal waves and the diurnal resonance in the tidal response. These waves were sometimes generated by the barotropic tidal signal in the presence of summer stratification and the strong bottom slope. This phenomenon may stimulate diapycnal mixing during the stratified season and enhance ventilation of the near-bottom layers.

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24

López, O., M. A. García, and A. S.-Arcilla. "Tidal and residual currents in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 9 (1994): 887–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0887-5.

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Abstract. During the 1992-1993 oceanographic cruise of the Spanish R/V Hespérides, recording equipment was deployed in the Bransfield Strait. Six Aanderaa RCM7 current meters and three Aanderaa WLR7 tide gauges were successfully recovered after an operation period of 2.5 months. Relevant features of the time series obtained are presented and discussed in this paper. The emphasis is placed on the tidal character of the currents and the relative importance of tidal flow in the general hydrodynamics of the strait. For these purposes a dense grid of hydrographic stations, completed during the BIOANTAR 93 cruise, is used. Preliminary geostrophic calculations relative to a 400 m depth, yield current velocities of around 0.20 m s-1 in the study area, whereas the magnitude of tidal currents is seen to be 0.30-0.40 m s-1.

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25

Drinkwater, K. F. "On the mean and tidal currents in Hudson strait." Atmosphere-Ocean 26, no. 2 (1988): 252–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07055900.1988.9649302.

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26

van Haren, Hans. "Very near-bottom tidal straining in a sea strait." Geophysical Research Letters 37, no. 16 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gl044186.

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27

Sutherland, G., M. Foreman, and C. Garrett. "Tidal current energy assessment for Johnstone Strait, Vancouver Island." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 221, no. 2 (2007): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe338.

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28

Palmer, T., R. J. Nicholls, N. C. Wells, A. Saulter, and T. Mason. "Identification of ‘energetic’ swell waves in a tidal strait." Continental Shelf Research 88 (October 2014): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2014.08.004.

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29

HORITA, Masamoto, Toru YAMASHIRO, Shin'ichiro KAKO, and Kazuyoshi JOMOTO. "POWER POTENTIAL OF TIDAL CURRENTS AROUND THE NAGASHIA STRAIT." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 73, no. 2 (2017): I_755—I_760. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.73.i_755.

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30

Kusuma, C. "Tidal Flow Renewable Energy Potential In The Capalulu Strait." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1052, no. 1 (2021): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1052/1/012028.

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31

Ursella, L., V. Kovačević, and M. Gačić. "Tidal variability of the motion in the Strait of Otranto." Ocean Science Discussions 10, no. 2 (2013): 435–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-435-2013.

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Abstract. Various current data, collected in the Strait of Otranto during the period 1994–2007, have been analysed with the aim of describing the characteristics of the tidal motions and their contribution to the total flow variance. The principal tidal constituents in the area were the semi-diurnal (M2) and the diurnal (K1), with the latter one predominant. The total flow was, in general, more energetic along the flanks than in the middle of the Strait. Specifically, it was most energetic over the western shelf and in the upper layer along the eastern flank. In spite of the generally low velocities (a few cm s−1) of the principal tidal constituents, the tidal variance has a pattern similar to that of the total flow variance, that is, it was large over the western shelf and low in the middle. The proportion of non-tidal (comprising the inertial and sub-inertial low-frequency bands) to tidal flow variances was quite variable in both time and space. The contribution of the low-frequency motions predominated over the tidal and inertial ones in the eastern portion of the strait during the major part of the year, particularly in the upper and intermediate layers. In the deep, near-bottom, layer the variance was evenly distributed between the low frequency, diurnal and semi-diurnal bands. A prominent exception was observed near the western shelf break during the summer season when the contribution of the tidal signal alone to the total variance reached 77%. This high contribution was mainly due to the intensification of the diurnal signal at that location in the proximity of both the surface and bottom layers (velocities of about 10 cm s−1). Local wind and sea level data were analysed and compared with the flow to find the possible origin of this diurnal intensification. Having excluded the sea-breeze impact on the intensification of the diurnal tidal signal, the most likely cause remains the generation of the topographically trapped internal waves and the diurnal resonance in the tidal response. These waves were sometimes generated by the barotropic tidal signal in the presence of summer stratification. The effect was seen only in the presence of the topographic slope change. This phenomenon may stimulate the diapycnal mixing during the stratified season and enhance ventilation of the near-bottom layers.

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32

Soejianto, Eko, Khansa Hanifa Zahra, and Suci Nur Hidayah. "Tidal Energy Utilization of Larantuka Strait by Dual Tidal Turbines to Increase National Energy Resilience." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 2 (March 1, 2019): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v2.57.

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Currently, renewable energy can only support 5% of national energy needs. Meanwhile, in 2035 renewable energy targeted to sustain 14% of total national energy demand. The proper way for optimizing the renewable energy is needed to actualize the target. Tidal energy as one of the potentials that are still being developed and need more attention from the government. Tidal can be used for natural energy resource since it has zero emission, produce big energy, and has no impact to weather. Larantuka Strait located in Flores island, Nusa Tenggara Timur province can produce tidal velocity up to 2.859 m/s with water density as much as 1.025 gr/cc. In utilizing this energy, we use new innovation by using dual tidal turbines which placed at the foot of Palmerah Bridge. The construction of Palmerah Bridge is built both by the government of Flores Island and Adonara Island. Dual tidal turbines are more efficient than singl e turbine by reason of tidal that has passed through the first turbine can be used again for the second turbine. The using of the generator is meant to convert kinetic energy that produced by dual tidal turbines. To convert ocean currents into electrical energy optimally, it is necessary to plan turbine designs that are in accordance with the conditions of ocean currents and the surrounding environment such as current velocity, wind influences and so on. Horizontal-axis tidal turbine (HATTs) is one of the technologies that are being developed and tested in prototype form by several companies, an efficient blade design is very important for the success of the HATTs. The amount of turbine needs, in this case, is 15 turbines with each turbine’s length is 10 meters. The turbines installed in bridge’s column along 800 meters. Estimate electricity can be generated by the turbine is 1.48 Mega Watt (MW).

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33

Foreman, M. G. G., R. A. Walters, R. F. Henry, C. P. Keller, and A. G. Dolling. "A tidal model for eastern Juan de Fuca Strait and the southern Strait of Georgia." Journal of Geophysical Research 100, no. C1 (1995): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94jc02721.

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34

Ajiwibowo, Harman, and Munawir Bintang Pratama. "Hydrodynamic Model and Tidal Current Energy Potential in Lepar Strait, Indonesia." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 11, no. 1 (2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2022.37028.

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Previous studies have shown the abundance of tidal energy resources in Indonesia. However, some sites have yet to be considered. The Lepar Strait, for example, is located between Bangka and Lepar Islands. This paper describes a field survey and numerical modelling conducted in the Lepar Strait. The modelling was performed using Delft3D, with the aim of determining potential sites for harvesting tidal current energy and estimate the generated power. In the modelling, the domain decomposition method was employed for model downscaling, allowing grid resolution reaching 130 x 130 m2, which is sufficient to represent the narrow gaps between tiny islands in the area of interest. The National Bathymetric (Batnas) from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) and the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) tide constituents were applied for the bathymetry and tide elevation boundaries. The comparison between the surveyed and modelled data showed a good agreement. The RMSE and r for water level are > 0.95 and < 0.15, and the RMSE for velocity was <0.19. Furthermore, an energetic flow reaching 1.5 m/s was found at the Northern part of Lepar Strait, situated at the narrow gaps. The Gorlov Helical Turbine was selected in this study due to shallow water and low mean velocity. In the 2019 model, the power density and power output at the best potential sites were 2,436.94 kWh/m2 and 1,870.41 kWh, respectively. This number is higher than those previously found in Kelabat Bay. Nonetheless, it is still far below the currently promising project in Larantuka and Lombok Straits. Future research is recommended, to conduct a detailed field measurement campaign and assess the impact of energy extraction in more detail.

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35

Zeng, Ganning, Jianyu Hu, Huasheng Hong, and Yiquan Qi. "Numerical Study on M2 Tidal System in the Taiwan Strait." Procedia Environmental Sciences 12 (2012): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.337.

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Fang, Guohong, and Jingfei Yang. "Modeling and prediction of tidal currents in the Korea strait." Progress in Oceanography 21, no. 3-4 (1988): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6611(88)90010-9.

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Vennell, Ross. "Observations of the Phase of Tidal Currents along a Strait." Journal of Physical Oceanography 28, no. 8 (1998): 1570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<1570:ootpot>2.0.co;2.

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KISHIMOTO, Hidetaka, Taisuke ISHIGAKI, and Yasuyuki BABA. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE TIDAL VORTEX IN A STRAIT." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 43 (1999): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.43.287.

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Nguyen, Kim Dan, and Abdellatif Ouahsine. "2D Numerical Study on Tidal Circulation in Strait of Dover." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 123, no. 1 (1997): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(1997)123:1(8).

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Zhu, Jia, Jianyu Hu, and Zhiyu Liu. "On summer stratification and tidal mixing in the Taiwan Strait." Frontiers of Earth Science 7, no. 2 (2013): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11707-013-0355-1.

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Cheong, Hin-Fatt, M. H. Abdul Khader, and Chor-Juen Yang. "On the numerical modelling of tidal motion in Singapore Strait." Journal of Hydraulic Research 29, no. 2 (1991): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221689109499006.

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de la Paz, Mercedes, Bibiana Debelius, Diego Macías, Agueda Vázquez, Abelardo Gómez-Parra, and Jesus M. Forja. "Tidal-induced inorganic carbon dynamics in the Strait of Gibraltar." Continental Shelf Research 28, no. 14 (2008): 1827–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.04.012.

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Griffa, A., S. Marullo, R. Santoleri, and A. Viola. "Internal nonlinear tidal waves generated at the Strait of Messina." Continental Shelf Research 6, no. 5 (1986): 677–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(86)90031-2.

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Takasugi, Yoshio, Tateki Fujiwara, and Takehiko Higo. "Structure of the strong tidal jet in the naruto strait." Journal of the Oceanographical Society of Japan 46, no. 3 (1990): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02123433.

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KUNISATO, Ritsuki, Shin'ichiro KAKO, Toru YAMASHIRO, Tomofumi NAKAGAWA, and Kazuyoshi JOMOTO. "RESEARCH ON TIDAL CURRENT POWER POTENTIAL IN THE OSHIMA STRAIT." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 70, no. 2 (2014): I_109—I_114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.70.i_109.

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Guillou, Nicolas, Jean-Frédéric Charpentier, and Mohamed Benbouzid. "The Tidal Stream Energy Resource of the Fromveur Strait—A Review." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (2020): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8121037.

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Refined assessments of the available tidal stream energy resource are required to optimize turbines design and guarantee successful implementations and operations of devices in the marine environment. Investigations primary focused on identifying areas with maximum current speeds. However, further information may be reached by exhibiting (i) resource temporal variability, (ii) superimposed effects of meteo-oceanographic conditions (including especially wind-generated surface-gravity waves), and (iii) potential environmental impacts of operating turbines at the regional (e.g., changes in sediment transport and surrounding seabed features, effects on marine water quality, etc.) and local (wake-wake interactions and energy output) scales. These aspects are here investigated by reviewing a series of research studies dedicated to the Fromveur Strait off western Brittany, a region with strong potential for tidal array development along the coast of France. Particular attention is dedicated to the exploitation of combined in-situ and remote-sensing observations and numerical simulations. Beyond a site specific characterization of the tidal stream energy resource, this review promotes a series of original approaches and analysis methods for turbines optimization, thus complementing technical specifications to secure the key steps of a tidal energy project and promote the growth of a reliable tidal stream energy exploitation.

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Kurniawan, Alamsyah, Prayla Putri Annani Barli, Munawir Bintang Pratama, and Ahmad Fitriadhy. "Potential Study of Tidal Stream Turbine Farm at Toyapakeh Strait, Bali." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 26, no. 3 (2021): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.26.3.155-162.

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In 2015, Bali Province is mandated by ESDM ministry to become the National Region of Clean Energy, promoting efforts to explore new source of electricity namely tidal stream energy. Previous works have demonstrated that Toyapakeh Strait contains a promising tidal stream resource, with a high stream in a long period. In this study, hydrodynamic modelling and power production analysis is conducted to evaluate this potential with an aim to meet energy demand of Tiga Nusa Cluster Islands. Twenty-one Gen5 KHPS turbines are employed in this study, at an optimized location, 8.72°S, 115.44°E, which contains the highest energy potential. Financial analysis, with 25-year return period of investment and 3.60% interest rate, resulting levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of Rp 6,100.kWh-1. This value is higher than the national and regional selling nominal, in other word the energy cost of tidal stream turbine is relatively high in this location. Nearly 46% of energy cost is spent for turbine fabrication, and from the sensitivity analysis, cutting half the turbine costs may reduce the price by Rp 1,400.kWh-1 while increasing the amount of installed turbine is less significant. Despite of the high prices, the study shows that Toyapakeh Strait holds a promising resource of tidal stream energy.

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Zhang, Li, Shaoping Shang, Feng Zhang, and Yanshuang Xie. "Tide-Surge-Wave Interaction in the Taiwan Strait during Typhoons Soudelor (2015) and Dujuan (2015)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207382.

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Typhoons Soudelor (2015) and Dujuan (2015) were two of the strongest storms to affect the Taiwan Strait in 2015. This study investigated the response of the waters on the western bank of the Taiwan Strait to the passage of Soudelor and Dujuan. This included an investigation of the resonant coupling between the tide and storm surge, typhoon wave variation caused by the storm tide, and wave-induced water level rise. Analyses conducted using numerical model simulations and observations from tidal stations and buoys, obtained during the passage of both Soudelor and Dujuan, revealed that resonant coupling between the astronomical tide and storm surge in the Taiwan Strait was prominent, which resulted in tidal period oscillation on the storm surge and reduced tidal range. The tide wave arrived earlier than the predicted astronomical tide because of the existence of the storm surge, which was attributable to acceleration of the tidal wave caused by the water level rise. Wave height observations showed that the storm tide predominantly affected the waves, which resulted in wave heights that oscillated within the tidal period. Numerical experiments indicated that both the current and the water level affected wave height. Waves were affected mainly by the current in the middle of the Taiwan Strait, but mostly by water level when the water level was comparable with water depth. Wave setup simulations revealed that wave setup also oscillated within the tidal period, and that local bathymetry was the most important influencing factor of wave setup distribution.

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Yu, Haiqing, Huaming Yu, Yang Ding, Lu Wang, and Liang Kuang. "On M2 tidal amplitude enhancement in the Taiwan Strait and its asymmetry in the cross-strait direction." Continental Shelf Research 109 (October 2015): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2015.09.005.

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Cucco, Andrea, Giovanni Quattrocchi, Antonio Olita, et al. "Hydrodynamic modelling of coastal seas: the role of tidal dynamics in the Messina Strait, Western Mediterranean Sea." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 7 (2016): 1553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1553-2016.

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Abstract. This work explores the importance of considering tidal dynamics when modelling the general circulation in the Messina Strait, a narrow passage connecting the Tyrrhenian and the Ionian subbasins in the Western Mediterranean Sea. The tides and the induced water circulation in this Strait are among the most intense oceanographic processes in the Mediterranean Sea. The quantification of these effects can be particularly relevant for operational oceanographic systems aimed to provide short-term predictions of the main hydrodynamics in the Western Mediterranean subbasins. A numerical approach based on the use of a high-resolution hydrodynamic model was followed to reproduce the tides propagation and the wind-induced and thermohaline water circulation within the Strait and in surrounding areas. A set of numerical simulations was carried out to quantify the role of the Strait dynamics on the larger-scale water circulation. The obtained results confirmed the importance of a correct representation of the hydrodynamics in the Messina Strait even when focusing on predicting the water circulation in the external sea traits. In fact, model results show that tidal dynamics deeply impact the reproduction of the instantaneous and residual circulation pattern, waters thermohaline properties and transport dynamics both inside the Messina Strait and in the surrounding coastal and open waters.

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