Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tie beam

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Tie beam'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Tie beam"

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Nie, Yun Jing, Xu Yan, and Tie Ying Li. "Influence of Tie Beams of Pier on the Seismic Performance of a Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with Twin-Legged Piers." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1105.

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In this paper, the influence of tie beams for piers is investigated on the dynamic characteristics and the seismic performance of a continuous rigid frame bridge with twin-legged piers. Modal analyses and the linear seismic response analyses are performed on a practical continuous rigid frame bridge with twin-legged piers with no tie beam, one tie beam and three tie beams of pier, using software Midas/civil. The findings indicate that installing tie beams of pier can increase the natural frequencies of this kind of bridge. Setting tie beams of pier is disadvantageous to the seismic performance of the bridge beam, but advantageous to improving the seismic performance of the twin-legged piers. The influence of tie beams of pier on the seismic performance on the whole structure is relevant to the pier height. These analytical results provide a reference for the seismic design and analysis of similar structures.
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Villegas, Pedro J., Juan Diaz, Alberto M. Pernia, Juan A. Martinez, Fernando Nuno, and Miguel J. Prieto. "Filament Power Supply for Electron Beam Welding Machine." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 62, no. 3 (2015): 1421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2362730.

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Cao, Guo Hui, Zhen Yu Xie, Ming Cai Wen, and Ran He. "Deflection Test on CFST Arch Bridge with CFRP Slings." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1079.

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The ultimate bearing capacity test is carried on CFST arch bridge model with CFRP slings, and the deflection of tie-beams, CFST arch, crossbeams, decks is also tested. Studies have shown that before the sliping of 4# CFRP sling, the deflection growth of east and west tie-beam, east and west arch both has good symmetry. The deflection growth of crossbeams and decks also has good symmetry, but after the sliping of 4# CFRP sling(located at the middle of west tie-beam), the structural internal forces redistribution appeared. The deflection of west tie-beam increased suddenly, and the mid-span deflection of west tie-beam is larger than that of east tie-beam by 14.6%. The mid-span deflection of east arch is larger than that of west arch by 9.9%. The deflection of crossbeam at 3L/8 and L/4 sections are respectively larger than those of crossbeam at 5L/8 and 3L/4 sections by 13.8% and 5.3%, The deflection of 3#, 2# and 1# decks are respectively larger than those of 4#, 5# and 6# decks by 7.8%, 13.2% and 17.1%. After the snapping of 10# CFRP sling(located at 3L/8 section of east tie-beam), the structural internal forces would appear redistribution. The deflection of east tie-beam would increase suddenly. The mid-span deflection of east tie-beam is larger than that of west tie-beam by 31.7%, and the mid-span deflection of east arch is larger than that of west arch by 21.3%. The deflection of crossbeam at 3L/8 and L/4 sections are respectively larger than those of 5L/8 and 3L/4 sections by 24.7% and 22.5%. The deflection of 3#, 2# and 1# decks are respectively larger than those of 4#, 5# and 6# decks by 16.2%, 24.5% and 28.6%.
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Naji, Arash. "Improving the tie force method for progressive collapse design of RC frames." International Journal of Structural Integrity 9, no. 4 (2018): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-10-2017-0058.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to recover the deficiency of existing tie force (TF) methods by considering the decrease in section strength due to cracking and by selecting limit state of collapse according to section properties. Design/methodology/approach A substructure is selected by isolating the connected beams from the entire structure. For interior joints, the TFs in the orthogonal beams are obtained by catenary action. For corner joints, the TFs are assessed by beam action. For edge joints, however, the resistance is gained by greater of the resistance under catenary action for periphery beams and beam action for all the connecting beams in both directions. For catenary action, the TF capacities must satisfy Equation (20). On the other hand, for beam action, the TF must satisfy Equation (16), while R is calculated from Equation (17). In the case where the length of the connecting beams is similar, Equation (19) can be used. Findings Closed form solutions are available for TFs on both beam and catenary stages. Originality/value The proposed formulation makes designing more practical and convenient. However, the proposed formulation had good agreement with experimental results.
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Yao, Yunlong, Baoning Hong, Xin Liu, Guisen Wang, Zhiwei Shao, and Dongning Sun. "Field and Numerical Study of the Bearing Capacity of Pre-Stressed High-Strength Concrete (PHC)-Pipe-Pile-Reinforced Soft Soil Foundations with Tie Beams." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (2023): 11786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132111786.

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Pre-stressed high-strength concrete pipe piles (PHC pipe piles) have been widely used in actual soft foundation treatment projects due to their reliable quality, fast construction, assembly line production, and environmental friendliness. However, large-scale slip damage still occurs in construction projects. In order to reduce and avoid such accidents, a highway in Guangdong (section K31+100~K31+388) was taken as an example for this study. Plaxis 2D software (V22.01.00) was used to establish a PHC pipe pile composite roadbed model and investigate the effects of tie beam form, pile lengths, pile spacings, pile verticality, and embankment filling loading modes on the settlement and stability of the composite roadbed. The results show that the original treatment plan, which had the form of a PHC pipe pile with caps, had a low horizontal bearing capacity and a poor anti-disturbance ability, leading to the occurrence of a landslide accident. A comparison of different structural forms revealed that the longitudinal and transverse tie beam form was the most stable, followed by the transverse tie beam form, longitudinal tie beam form, PHC pipe pile form with caps, and PHC pipe pile form without caps. Compared to the structural form of PHC pipe piles with pile caps, the stabilities of the transverse tie beam form and the longitudinal tie beam form were improved by 42.47% and 38.61%, respectively, while that of the longitudinal and transverse tie beam form was improved by 50.87%. The application of longitudinal and transverse tie beams effectively reduced the settlement of the composite roadbed, as confirmed by both measured data and finite element analysis. This structure achieved the desired vertical settlement control and lateral anti-slip effects.
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Popovych, M. M., O. S. Myroniuk, and V. I. Borshchov. "STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM SUPERSTRUCTURES USING PRESTRESSED SPRENGELII AND RODS." Science and Transport Progress, no. 6 (March 25, 2005): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2005/20399.

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Lu, Bing, Cuihua Li, Cong Liu, and Lanhui Guo. "Numerical Study on Minimum Shear Connection Ratio of Tie-Bars in Steel Plate–Concrete Composite Beams Subjected to Out-of-Plane Cyclic Loading." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (2022): 1820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12041820.

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The failure modes of tie-bars under monotonic loading and cyclic loading are ductility and brittleness, respectively. They can significantly affect the design for tie-bars in a steel plate–concrete (SC) composite structure. A 3D finite element model of a SC composite beam was developed and verified through a quasi-static test. Two rules on the interfacial shear distribution were deduced and verified. Then, a total of 188 finite element models were developed to investigate the minimum shear connection ratio of tie-bars in SC composite beams, which can ensure the sufficient energy dissipation capacity of a SC composite beam under out-of-plane cyclic loading. The influences of the shear connection ratio, shear span versus depth ratio, stiffness, and number of tie-bars on the seismic behavior of a SC composite beam were investigated. Finally, a design method for tie-bars in the SC composite beam under out-of-plane cyclic loading was proposed.
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He, Wei, and Shuzhi Sam Ge. "Vibration Control of a Flexible Beam With Output Constraint." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 62, no. 8 (2015): 5023–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2400427.

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Ahn, Jaeshin, Keith A. Stromsmoe, and Ronald P. W. Lawson. "Microprocessor-Based Control of an Ion Beam Deposition System." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics IE-32, no. 4 (1985): 405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.1985.350117.

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Hussein, L. T., and R. M. Abbas. "A Semi-Empirical Equation based on the Strut-and-Tie Model for the Shear Strength Prediction of Deep Beams with Multiple Large Web Openings." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 12, no. 2 (2022): 8289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4743.

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The behavior and shear strength of full-scale (T-section) reinforced concrete deep beams, designed according to the strut-and-tie approach of ACI Code-19 specifications, with various large web openings were investigated in this paper. A total of 7 deep beam specimens with identical shear span-to-depth ratios have been tested under mid-span concentrated load applied monotonically until beam failure. The main variables studied were the effects of width and depth of the web openings on deep beam performance. Experimental data results were calibrated with the strut-and-tie approach, adopted by ACI 318-19 code for the design of deep beams. The provided strut-and-tie design model in ACI 318-19 code provision was assessed and found to be unsatisfactory for deep beams with large web openings. A simplified empirical equation to estimate the shear strength for deep T-beams with large web openings based on the strut-and-tie model was proposed and verified with numerical analysis. The numerical study considered three-dimensional finite element models, in ABAQUS software, that have been developed to simulate and predict the performance of deep beams. The results of numerical simulations were in good agreement and exhibited close correlation with the experimental data. The test results showed that the enlargement in the size of web openings substantially reduces the elements' shear capacity. The experiments revealed that increasing the width of the openings has more effect than the depth at reducing the load-carrying capacity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tie beam"

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Reys, De Otiz Iclea. "Strut-and-tie modelling of reinforced concrete : short beams and beam-column joints." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334612.

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Skibbe, Eric. "A comparison of design using strut-and-tie modeling and deep beam method for transfer girders in building structures." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/3907.

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Reshef, Aymeric. "Dual-rotation C-arm cone-beam tomographic acquisition and reconstruction frameworks for low-contrast detection in brain soft-tissue imaging." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0044.

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L’arceau interventionnel est un système d’imagerie rayons X temps réel. Il dispose d’une option tomographique qui, grâce à une rotation de l’arceau autour du patient, permet d’acquérir des images en coupes dont la résolution en contraste est plus faible que celle des tomodensitomètres diagnostiques, rendant l’information clinique des tissus mous du cerveau inexploitable. Nous proposons un nouveau mode d’acquisition et de reconstruction tomographiques sur arceau interventionnel pour l’amélioration de la détection des faibles contrastes en imagerie interventionnelle des tissus mous de la tête. Afin d’émuler un filtre « bow-tie » (en nœud papillon), une double acquisition est envisagée. Les spécificités de la double acquisition imposent la conception d’un algorithme de reconstruction itérative dédié, incluant le filtre rampe dans l’énergie de minimisation. En bifurquant des approches par rétro-projection filtrée vers celles par filtration des rétro-projections, une méthode de reconstruction directe, alternative à la précédente, est proposée pour les acquisitions doubles. Pour une acquisition simple, la méthode est assurée de faire aussi bien que l’algorithme de rétro-projection filtrée quel que soit l’échantillonnage angulaire en géométrie planaire, et offre une approximation alternative à l’algorithme de Feldkamp-Davis-Kress en géométrie conique. Nous montrons qu’avec peu ou pas de modifications aux schémas précédents, les deux méthodes de reconstruction (itérative et directe) s’adaptent bien à la reconstruction de régions d’intérêt, à laquelle l’acquisition double reste étroitement liée à travers son acquisition tronquée<br>Interventional C-arm systems are real-time X-ray imaging systems, that can perform tomographic acquisitions by rotating the C-arm around the patient ; however, C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) achieves a lower contrast resolution than diagnostic CT, which is necessary in order to benefit from the clinical information of soft tissues in the brain. We propose a new C-arm CBCT acquisition and reconstruction framework to increase low-contrast detection in brain soft-tissue imaging. In order to emulate a bow-tie filter, a dualrotation acquisition is proposed. To account for all the specificities of the dual-rotation acquisition, a dedicated iterative reconstruction algorithm is designed, that includes the ramp filter in the cost function. By switching from filtered backprojection (FBP) to backprojection-filtration (BPF) reconstruction methods, we propose an alternative, direct reconstruction method for dual-rotation acquisitions. For single-rotation acquisitions, the method ensures to perform as good as FBP with arbitrarily coarse angular sampling in planar geometries, and provides a different approximation from the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) algorithm in the cone-beam geometry. Although we used it to emulate a virtual bow-tie, our dual-rotation acquisition framework is intrinsically related to region-of-interest (ROI) imaging through the truncated acquisition. With few or no modification of the proposed reconstruction methods, we successfully addressed the problem of ROI imaging in the context of dual-rotation acquisitions
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Santos, Daniel dos. "Análise de vigas de concreto armado utilizando modelos de bielas e tirantes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-22062006-102606/.

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O modelo de bielas e tirantes apresenta como uma de suas vantagens a generalidade, ou seja, é capaz de representar, de modo aproximado, porém realista e sistemático, grande parte dos elementos de concreto estrutural da atualidade. Além disso, permite ao engenheiro fácil visualização físico-intuitiva do comportamento do concreto estrutural. Por outro lado, o modelo ainda tem um enorme potencial não aproveitado. Ainda não se tem um critério exato para determinação dos nós e das seções transversais das bielas de alguns elementos. Apesar de haver certas incertezas no caso de vigas-parede e principalmente de blocos de fundação, nas vigas esses elementos do modelo podem ser determinados sem grandes dificuldades. Possivelmente, a solução seria variar as dimensões das bielas e as posições dos nós, ambas hipotéticas, a fim de confrontar várias situações com resultados experimentais. Daí a grande importância da difusão do modelo de bielas e tirantes: um maior número de análises de modelagens e de resultados de ensaios levará a um maior domínio sobre o modelo. Este trabalho consiste na análise de vigas de concreto armado utilizando modelos de bielas e tirantes. São apresentados os conceitos que levaram à concepção do modelo, desde a Analogia Clássica da Treliça, chegando aos critérios para verificação dos elementos da treliça e às recomendações atuais de normas e pesquisadores. Com o auxílio do programa computacional CAST (2000), foram modeladas quatro vigas, sendo as três primeiras biapoiadas sem descontinuidades e a quarta com balanço e descontinuidade geométrica (abertura na alma). A primeira viga biapoiada teve algumas de suas características iniciais alteradas a fim de gerar o segundo e o terceiro modelos, procurando-se estabelecer limites de carregamentos e análises comparativas. Os resultados das modelagens permitiram comparações com os resultados das verificações realizadas segundo os critérios da NBR 6118:2003 e do MC CEB-FIP (1990) e, permitiram também, identificar os aspectos de maior dificuldade na concepção de um modelo de bielas e tirantes e os pontos críticos dos mesmos, nos quais há maior possibilidade de falha nas verificações<br>One of the main advantages presented by the strut-and-tie model is generality. This model is able to approximately represent, in a realistic and systematic way, the majority of today’s reinforced concrete elements. Furthermore, it allows the physics-intuitive visualization of the behavior presented by structural concrete. On the other hand, its potentials are not fully explored yet. Up to date, there is no accurate criterion for the determination of nodes and transverse sections of some strut elements. Despite presenting some uncertainties related to the determination of wall-beams (and mainly of foundation blocks), the model can determine beams without major difficulties. Probably, the key is to vary the dimensions of the struts and the positions of the nodes, both hypothetical, in order to confront various situations with experimental data. Hence, it is very important to diffuse the strut-and-tie model: the bigger the number of modeling analysis and experimental data, the better the comprehension of the model. This work aims to analyze reinforced concrete beams employing the strut-and-tie model. Here are presented the concepts that led to the development of the model, ranging from the Truss Classic Analogy to the criteria employed to verify truss elements and the recommendations from researchers and established standards (rules or norms). Four examples of beams were modeled. Three of them were double-based and the fourth presented balance and no geometric discontinuity (with an opening). Some of the characteristics of the first double-based beam were altered in order to generate the second and the third model, thus establishing loading limits and comparative analysis. The modeling allowed comparisons between the verifications performed in accordance with the NBR 6118:2003 and MC CEB-FIP criteria. It also allowed the identification of major difficulties and critical aspects related to the development of struts and ties, the ones that are most prone to failure in the verification process
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Růžičková, Markéta. "Ocelová konstrukce hangáru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226908.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to take into consideration the design and the steel structure assessment of the hangar for small propeller aircraft type Cessna. The platform dimensions are 40,0 by 60,0 metres. Headroom is around 10,0 metres. The object’s location is in Brno. The main structural material is steel S355J2. There are two initial geometric alternatives, in other words structural modifications of desired solution. These are spatial truss arc tie beam and garland tie beam. The two alternatives were tentatively designed according to their dimensions and the main supporting elements of both alternatives were also assessed and considered. The alternatives were finally evaluated and one option was selected for detailed processing. In turn of the chosen option, there had been drawing of detailed analysis of the main load bearing parts of the construction with joints and some other details included. Furthermore there is drawing documentation and supervisor’s technical report attached. The valid standards CSN EN were used in processing of this dissertation.
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Kudrna, Jiří. "Nosná železobetonová konstrukce víceúčelového objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265738.

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This work deals with the structural solution of reinforced concrete floor slab, deep beam and its support of multipurpose building. The structure is designed and assessed in according to valid standards. The continuous one-way slab is analyzed by Finite Element Method, deep beam is solved by Strut-and-Tie model.
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Tanno, Danieli Colombo dos Santos. "Blocos de concreto sobre estacas posicionados nas divisas de terrenos: estudo analítico e análise numérica linear." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-03072012-101640/.

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Este trabalho estuda o comportamento estrutural de blocos sobre estacas em concreto armado situados em divisas de terrenos. Foi feita revisão bibliográfica abordando os assuntos de blocos de coroamento, vigas de equilíbrio, modelo de bielas e tirantes e um breve comentário sobre o programa computacional Diana (2010). O trabalho apresenta um roteiro para análise estrutural e dimensionamento de vigas de equilíbrio sobre estacas com pilar excêntrico ao apoio. É apresentado um exemplo feito por Andrade (1989), comparado com o método proposto por Burke (1979) e com análise numérica. Além deste, foram analisados casos de projetos reais utilizando o método Burke (1979) adaptado neste trabalho. Alguns desses exemplos foram modelados em regime elástico e linear no programa computacional Diana (2010). São apresentadas comparações de resultados obtidos com o método Burke (1979) e análise numérica, comprovando a eficácia desse método. Em todos os exemplos estudados o método proposto por Burke (1979) indicou bons resultados quando comparados com os encontrados em análise computacional. A dissertação apresenta soluções para projetos de bloco sobre estacas, situados em divisas de terrenos e associados a vigas de equilíbrio.<br>This research investigates the structural behavior of reinforced concrete blocks piles located on the limit of land. Literature review was done about blocks piles, balance beams, strut and tie model and a short comment about the Diana computer program (2010). The dissertation presents a roadmap for structural analysis and sizing of balance beams on stakes with eccentric support pillar. An example, which was studied by Andrade (1989), is compared with the same example done using the method proposed by Burke (1979) and with numerical analysis. In addition to this, are analyzed real cases of projects using the method of Burke (1979). Some of these examples were modeled in linear and elastic characteristics using Diana program computer (2010). Here, it is presented comparisons between the method proposed by Burke (1979) and numerical analysis. It is presented comparisons between the method Burke (1979) and numerical analysis, proving the effectiveness of this method. In all examples studied the method proposed by Burke (1979) provided with good accuracy the results for computer analysis. The conclusion presents suggestions for projects of block piles located in limit of land associated with balance beams.
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Roček, Tomáš. "Nosná železobetonová konstrukce bytového domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371956.

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This work deals with the structural solution of selected parts of load bearing structure of apartment house - floor slabs of 1.PP and 2.NP, deep beam and its supporting column. The analysis is made by Finite Element Method, deep beam is solved by Strut-and-Tie model. The elements are designed and assessed according to valid standards.
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Torre-Casanova, Anaëlle. "Prise en compte de la liaison acier-béton pour le calcul de structures industrielles." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777204.

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Les structures en béton armé sont amenées à répondre à différentes exigences pouvant dépasser la simple résistance mécanique. Pendant le processus de fissuration, les contraintes dans le béton armé sont progressivement redistribuées entre l'acier et le béton via l'interface entre ces deux matériaux. Cette redistribution de contraintes a un impact direct sur l'état de fissuration final et doit donc être prise en compte dans la modélisation. Il existe différents modèles numériques capables de représenter les effets de la liaison acier-béton. Cependant, leur usage est, pour l'instant, incompatible avec les applications concernant les structures de grandes dimensions (difficultés de maillage, coût de calcul...). Dans ce cadre d'application, l'hypothèse de liaison parfaite entre l'acier et le béton (déplacement identique) est donc toujours utilisée. On se propose ici de développer un nouveau modèle éléments finis de liaison acier-béton qui soit à la fois représentatif des phénomènes physiques se produisant à l'interface entre les deux matériaux et compatible avec les contraintes de modélisation des structures de grandes dimensions. Ce travail de thèse se découpe en trois grandes parties : - le développement d'un modèle élément fini de liaison acier-béton adapté aux contraintes de modélisation des structures de grandes dimensions. Ce modèle numérique permet ainsi de tenir compte des interactions mécaniques entre le béton et les armatures d'acier représentées à l'aide d'éléments barres. - la caractérisation du comportement de la liaison acier-béton. Un modèle de loi d'adhérence (évolution de la contrainte d'adhérence en fonction du glissement) basé sur des observations expérimentales (campagne expérimentale de pull-out menée au cours de la thèse et données bibliographiques) est proposé. Il permet en particulier de différencier le cas d'une rupture par arrachement, d'une rupture par éclatement en tenant compte des caractéristiques matériaux et géométriques de la structure. - l'application du modèle proposé à un élément structurel (poutre). Un essai de poutre en flexion quatre points visant à caractériser l'évolution de la fissuration (évolution de l'ouverture de fissure mesurée à l'aide de la technique de corrélation d'images notamment) a ainsi été proposé. Ces résultats ont ensuite été comparés à ceux de simulations numériques tenant compte de la liaison acier-béton d'une part ou de l'hypothèse de liaison parfaite d'autre part. Les deux modélisations donnent une bonne approximation du comportement extérieur de la structure (comportement global et ouvertures de fissure des surfaces extérieures de la poutre). Le modèle de liaison acier-béton apporte cependant une meilleure caractérisation de la phase de fissuration active (apparition des fissures) et modifie plus particulièrement le comportement local de la structure à proximité directe des armatures (limitant le développement de l'endommagement du béton le long des renforts).
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Barros, Rodrigo. "Análise de blocos de concreto armado sobre duas estacas com cálice totalmente embutido mediante presença de viga de travamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-14072009-170225/.

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Esta pesquisa estuda o comportamento de blocos de concreto armado sobre duas estacas com cálice totalmente embutido, utilizado na ligação pilar-fundação de estruturas de concreto pré-moldado. Particularmente, foi avaliado o efeito que a viga de travamento provoca no bloco quando apoiada nas paredes laterais do cálice. Foi desenvolvida análise numérica tridimensional utilizando programa baseado no método dos elementos finitos (MEF), na qual foi considerada a não-linearidade física dos materiais. Para avaliação do programa adotado, realizou-se análise comparativa de resultados experimentais e numéricos obtidos por meio de outro programa. Nos blocos estudados variou-se a espessura e o tipo de conformação das paredes do cálice, o ângulo de inclinação da biela e a intensidade das ações na viga de travamento. Os resultados indicam que a presença da viga de travamento não altera de modo significativo o comportamento do bloco, e que a parede do cálice é capaz de transferir a força proveniente da viga em direção às estacas de modo eficaz. Por meio das tensões nas barras da armadura principal, foi possível obter a força no tirante e o ângulo de inclinação da biela antes da ruína dos modelos. Constatou-se que os ângulos apresentaram maior inclinação do que as utilizadas no dimensionamento, que por sua vez foi feito baseado nos modelos de bielas e tirantes.<br>The present research studies the behavior of two pile caps reinforced concrete with embedded socked used in connections of pre-cast concrete structures. It was particularly evaluated the effect provoked by the locking beam on the pile-caps when supported by the socket lateral walls. Three-dimensional numerical analyses using software based on finite element method (FEM) were developed considering the nonlinear physical behavior of the material. To evaluate the adopted software, a comparative analysis was made using numerical and experimental results obtained from other software. In the pile caps studied, it was noticed a variation in the wall thickness, socket interface, strut angle inclination and action on beam. The results show that the presence of beam does not change significantly the pile caps behavior and that the socket wall is able to transfer effectively the force from the beam to the pile caps. By the tensions on the bars of longitudinal reinforcement, it was possible to obtain the force on the tie and the strut angle inclination before the collapse of models. It was found that the angles present more inclinations than those used in the design, which was made based on strut and tie model.
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Books on the topic "Tie beam"

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Workshop on Advanced Beam Instrumentation (1991 National Laboratory for High Energy Physics). Proceedings of the Workshop on Advanced Beam Instrumentation: Volume 1 of 2, April 22-24, 1991, KEK, Tsukuba, Japan. Edited by Ogata A. 1941-, Kishiro J, and Kō-enerugī Butsurigaku Kenkyūjo (Japan). National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, 1991.

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Freeman, Jon C. Preliminary study of electron emission for use in the PIC portion of MAFIA. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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Lataitis, R. J. Propagation of an elliptical laser beam through the turbulent atmosphere (vertical beams). U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Participation in the definition, conduct, and analysis of particle accelerator experiments for the first Spacelab mission: Final report. Southwest Research Institute, Instrumentation and Space Research Division, 1994.

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Conference on the Laser vs the Electron Beam in Welding, Cutting, and Surface Treatment (1985 Reno, Nev.). Proceedings of the Conference on the Laser vs the Electron Beam in Welding, Cutting, and Surface Treatment: State of the art, 1985. Edited by Bakish Robert A. Bakish Materials Corp., 1985.

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Meeds, Bridget. Tuning the beam. Vista Periodista, 2000.

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Joint ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop. The Joint 28th ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics and Advanced & Novel Accelerators Workshop: Quantum Aspects of Beam Physics, Hiroshima, Japan, 7-11, January 2003. Edited by Chen Pisin 1950- and Reil Kevin. World Scientific, 2003.

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Gary, Rosen I., Langley Research Center, and Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, eds. A Galerkin method for the estimation of parameters in hybrid systems governing the vibration of flexible beams with TIP bodies. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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International Symposium on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beams (2nd 1984 Tarrytown, N.Y.). Proceedings of the 1984 International Symposium on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beams, 29 May-1 June, 1984, Westchester Marriott Hotel, Tarrytown, New York. Edited by Kelly J, American Vacuum Society, and American Institute of Physics. Published for the American Vacuum Society by the American Institute of Physics, 1985.

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ill, Mourning Tuesday, ed. Back on the beam. Stone Arch Books, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tie beam"

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Blessing, M., M. Bhagwat, Y. Lyatskaya, J. Bellon, and P. Zygmanski. "kV Beam Model for Flat Panel Imaging System with Bow Tie Filter." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03882-2_544.

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Sahu, Renu, and U. K. Dewangan. "Effect of Shear Span to Depth Ratio in Strut-And-Tie Model on Deep Beam." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5644-9_70.

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Godart, Bruno, and Jean-Paul Persy. "Sully-sur-Loire Suspension Bridge." In Case Studies on Failure Investigations in Structural and Geotechnical Engineering. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs004.ch11.

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This chapter presents the forensic investigations conducted after the collapse of the Sully-sur-Loire suspension bridge that occurred in 1985 in France. The failure mechanism concluded by the experts is the rupture of a cable-threaded tie in conjunction with a rupture of an element of the rigidity beam. The threaded ties had geometric defects, which were at the origin of the ruptures in service. These defects were either the threads themselves, or cracks due to fatigue, or corrosion phenomena. A decision-making process based on the determination of steel resilience was then launched to manage the other old suspension bridges in France during cold winters.
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Roser, Thomas. "Past, Present, and Future of Polarized Hadron Beams." In Polarized Beam Dynamics and Instrumentation in Particle Accelerators. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16715-7_1.

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AbstractThe acceleration and storage of high energy polarized proton beams has made tremendous progress over the last 40 years challenging along the way the technologies, precision and the understanding of the beam dynamics of accelerators. This progress is most evident in that one can now contemplate high energy colliders with polarized beams and high luminosity at the same time. After a brief summary of the development and history of polarized proton beam acceleration this chapter will focus on the acceleration of polarized proton beams from MeV to the 100s of GeVs and the possibility of accelerating polarized beams to even higher energies in the future. Elements of the history of polarized electron beams, subject to the effects of synchrotron radiation, will be found in the electron beam polarization dedicated chapters in these lectures.
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Minty, Michiko G., and Frank Zimmermann. "Cooling." In Particle Acceleration and Detection. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_11.

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AbstractMany applications of particle accelerators require beam cooling, which refers to a reduction of the beam phase space volume or an increase in the beam density via dissipative forces. In electron and positron storage rings cooling naturally occurs due to synchrotron radiation, and special synchrotron-radiation damping rings for the production of low-emittance beams are an integral part of electron-positron linear colliders. For other types of particles different cooling techniques are available. Electron cooling and stochastic cooling of hadron beams are used to accumulate beams of rare particles (such as antiprotons), to combat emittance growth (e.g., due to scattering on an internal target), or to produce beams of high quality for certain experiments. Laser cooling is employed to cool ion beams down to extremely small temperatures. Here the laser is used to induce transitions between the ion electronic states and the cooling exploits the Dopper frequency shift. Electron beams of unprecedentedly small emittance may be obtained by a different type of laser cooling, where the laser beam acts like a wiggler magnet. Finally, designs of a future muon collider rely on the principle of ionization cooling. Reference [1] gives a brief review of the principal ideas and the history of beam cooling in storage rings; a theoretical dicussion and a few practical examples can be found in [2].
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Zhang, Yue, and Xian Cui. "Experimental Study on the Self-Repair Properties of Shape Memory Alloy Concrete Beam." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_36.

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AbstractThe one-way memory composite super-elastic shape memory alloy wires were laid on the bottom of the reinforced concrete beam to make the intelligent concrete beam. The paper compares the self-repair properties of each test beam, and analyzes the influence of different memory filament ratio and different damage degree on the self-repair properties of SMA reinforced concrete beams. The test results suggest that the shape memory alloy can improve the self-repair ability of the concrete beam, the best when the damage degree is 70 and 50%.
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Nahum, Alan. "Charged-Particle Beams: The Pencil-Beam Approach." In Handbook of Radiotherapy Physics, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429201493-35.

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Brugger, M., H. Burkhardt, B. Goddard, F. Cerutti, and R. G. Alia. "Interactions of Beams with Surroundings." In Particle Physics Reference Library. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34245-6_5.

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AbstractWith the exceptions of Synchrotron Radiation sources, beams of accelerated particles are generally designed to interact either with one another (in the case of colliders) or with a specific target (for the operation of Fixed Target experiments, the production of secondary beams and for medical applications). However, in addition to the desired interactions there are unwanted interactions of the high energy particles which can produce undesirable side effects. These interactions can arise from the unavoidable presence of residual gas in the accelerator vacuum chamber, or from the impact of particles lost from the beam on aperture limits around the accelerator, as well as the final beam dump. The wanted collisions of the beams in a collider to produce potentially interesting High Energy Physics events also reduces the density of the circulating beam and can produce high fluxes of secondary particles.
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Meijer, Gerard. "Manipulation and Control of Molecular Beams: The Development of the Stark-Decelerator." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_20.

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AbstractState-selective manipulation of beams of atoms and molecules with electric and magnetic fields has been crucial for the success of the field of molecular beams. Originally, this manipulation only involved the transverse motion. In this Chapter, the development of the Stark-decelerator, that allows to also manipulate and control the longitudinal motion of molecules in a beam, is presented.
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Shiltsev, V., and A. Valishev. "Beam–Beam Effects." In Accelerator Physics at the Tevatron Collider. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0885-1_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tie beam"

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Karmokar, Debabrata K., Ravi Anand, and Anirban Sarkar. "Forward and Backward to Forward Beam Scanning Bow-tie Slot Loaded SIW Leaky-Wave Antenna." In 2024 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/mapcon61407.2024.10923398.

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"Prestressed beam." In SP-208: Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12419.

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"Alternative design for the non-slender beam (deep beam)." In SP-208: Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12413.

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"Dapped-end T-beam supported by an inverted T-beam." In SP-208: Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12414.

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"Deep beam with opening." In SP-208: Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12417.

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Farouk, Hany, and Mohammed Farouk. "Effect of Tie Beam Rigidity on Strip Footings." In Geo-Hubei 2014 International Conference on Sustainable Civil Infrastructure. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784478530.011.

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"Beam with indirect support and loading." In SP-208: Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12418.

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"Stepped Beam with Multiple Load Combinations." In SP-273: Further Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51682293.

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"Large Propped Cantilever Beam with Opening." In SP-273: Further Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51682298.

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"Strut-and-Tie Design and Detailing of a Foundation Grade Beam." In SP-273: Further Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models. American Concrete Institute, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51682291.

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Reports on the topic "Tie beam"

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Andrawes, Bassem, and Dachina Gunasekaran. Testing, Analysis, and Load Rating of Precast Prestressed Concrete Deck Beams with Transverse Cracks. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/25-002.

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This study focused on understanding the impact of transverse cracks on the residual capacity and load rating analysis of in-service precast prestressed concrete (PPC) deck beams. Two decommissioned (33 × 36 and 21 × 36) PPC deck beams were tested under four-point bending loads to assess the impact of transverse cracks on the structural performance of the beams. Finite element and theoretical cracked section analyses were also performed to investigate the capacity of the as-built and cracked PPC deck beam. Transverse cracks reduced the load rating capacity of the 33 × 36 beam by almost 34%, which subsequently reduced the capacity-based load rating factor by 22% under the HS-20 truck load. The experimental investigation of the 21 × 36 PPC deck beam showed that the load required to induce visible cracks in the beam was 95.5% of its AASHTO live load capacity. The load rating of the cracked 21 × 36 beam was 73.6% lower than its as-built capacity, exhibiting a severe reduction in its load-bearing capacity. A parametric study was conducted to understand the effect of the influencing parameters, like the beam geometry and material properties, on the damaged beams’ behavior. For PPC deck beams with rectangular voids, the statistically significant parameters were span length, strand diameter, and skew angle. In the parametric study, the inventory load rating factor of the prestressing strands in tension was predicted to decrease linearly for a crack width up to 0.64 mm, while the capacity inventory rating factor was predicted to decrease up to 73.8% for a crack width of 0.64 mm.
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Hallett, J. B. L51525 Sizing of Girth Weld Defects Using Focused Ultrasonic Beams. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010202.

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This project was produced to evaluate the performance of focused beams in sizing and positioning defects in pipeline girth welds. The sound beams from standard flat transducers were focused using acoustic lenses. Two types of plastics, having different sound velocities are used in the design of these lenses. One is used for the lens and the other for the wedge. The profile of the lens/wedge boundary was designed to focus the sound at a selected depth. The design takes into account the beam angle, beam diameter, focal point and working range required. The effects of test surface curvature were also incorporated into the design. This project was conducted in three phases using sample welds containing real defects, such as root cracks, slag and lack of sidewall fusion. In Phase III the individual defect size predictions were compared to the actual defects found during destructive examination. Only the readings where the signal sources could be positively identified as defects by breaking open or sectioning were included. All measurements were made to the nearest 0.5 mm (0.02 inches).
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Mahmoud, Hussam, Emad Hassan, and Guillermo Riveros. Experimental evaluation of steel beams with mechanical section reduction retrofitted with fiber polymers. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/49188.

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Steel elements working in a harsh environment can be exposed to corrosion that degrades their performance and threatens the integrity of the whole structure. Recent studies propose using carbon (CFRP) and basalt (BFRP) fiber–reinforced polymers to repair corroded steel cross sections; however, most of these studies have not explored many of the structural characteristics, including ductility. In this study, we conduct a series of full-scale experimental tests to investigate the impact of corrosion, represented as mechanical section reduction, on steel beams as well as the impact of repairing the beams using CFRP and BFRP in enhancing the beams’ structural performance. Mechanical section reduction, introduced to the flange and web elements, is used to establish a baseline dataset that captures the impact of repairs in the absence of corrosion. Four-point bending loading conditions are utilized for all tested beams. The results show that the reduction of the flange and web section lowers the beams’ yielding load by 10% and 8%, respectively, compared with a beam with a full cross section. Utilizing CFRP and BFRP patches can partially restore the corroded beams’ ductility; however, the BFRP is outperforming the CFRP in improving their ultimate strength by 10% and enhancing their ductility by 10%.
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Hill, C. Summary Report of the Third Research Coordination Meeting on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutral Beams in Fusion Plasma. IAEA Nuclear Data Section, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61092/iaea.twqe-92hz.

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10 experts in the field of atomic collisional physics and neutral beam modelling for magnetic confinement fusion devices, together with IAEA Staff met online from 24 – 26 November 2021 for the Third Research Coordination Meeting of the IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) F43023: Data for Atomic Processes of Neutral Beams in Fusion Plasma. They described progress since the previous project meeting in February 2019, discussed open issues and reviewed the coordinated research and code comparison activities conducted as part of the CRP. The proceedings of the meeting are summarized in this report.
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Hill, Christian. Data for Atomic Processes of Neutral Beams in Fusion Plasma. IAEA Nuclear Data Section, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.61092/iaea.19hv-wzn5.

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12 experts in the field of atomic collisional physics and neutral beam modelling for magnetic confinement fusion devices, together with IAEA staff met at IAEA Headquarters 19 – 21 February 2019 for the Second Research Coordination Meeting of an IAEA Coordinated Research Project on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutral Beams in Fusion Plasma. They described progress with their research since the previous project meeting in June 2017, discussed open issues and made plans for continued coordinated research and code comparison during the remaining years of the project. The proceedings of the meeting are summarized in this report.
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Mari Paz Zorzano and Tanaji Sen. Emittance growth for the LHC beams due to head-on beam-beam interaction and ground motion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753852.

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Solanki, Pranshoo, and Haiyan Xie. Field-Curing Methods for Evaluating the Strength of Concrete Test Specimens. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-023.

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The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials R 100 standard provides instructions for making and curing concrete test specimens in the field. However, further research is needed to compare the strength of the field-cured specimen with the strength of the actual in-place concrete item. The purpose of this combined laboratory and field study was to evaluate field-curing methods of concrete specimens for estimating the early opening strength of an in-place concrete item. The researchers used one Illinois Department of Transportation class PV mix to cast cylinders, beams, and in-place concrete slabs on October 2021 and February 2022 at an Illinois State University concrete experiment site. Concrete cylinders were cured using three methods: ambient air (Method #C1), insulated box/cooler (Method #C2), and power-operated box (Method #C3). Beams were cured using two methods: ambient air (Method #B1) and insulated plywood box (Method #B2). The cast-in-place specimens from each slab and cylinder were tested for compressive strength, and beams were tested for flexural strength after 1, 3, and 7 days of curing. One cylinder and one beam in each curing method along with slabs were embedded with sensors to collect temperature variation with time. Only Methods #C1, #C2, and #B1 were selected for evaluating further in the field, and data were collected from an IDOT District 5 box culvert demonstration project. Laboratory results showed that Method #C2 curing of 150 mm (6 in.) cylinders estimated early (1 to 3 days) compressive strength of an in-place concrete item within an acceptable range. For estimating the 7-day strength of an in-place concrete item, Method #C1 produced acceptable results. Further statistical analysis supported the results observed in the laboratory and field.
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Sharp, W. M., S. S. Yu, and E. P. Lee. Time-dependent field equations for paraxial relativistic electron beams: Beam Research Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6016104.

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Fan, Jianhua, Zhiyong Tian, Simon Furbo, Weiqiang Kong, and Daniel Tschopp. Simulation and design of collector array units within large systems. IEA SHC Task 55, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2019-0004.

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Solar radiation data is necessary for the design of solar heating systems and used to estimate the thermal performance of solar heating plants. Compared to global irradiance, the direct beam component shows much more variability in space and time. The global radiation split into beam and diffuse radiation on collector plane is important for the evaluation of the performance of different collector types and collector field designs.
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and Vladimir Shiltsev, Dmitry. Simulations of the Tevatron beam dynamics with beam-beam compensation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762242.

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