Academic literature on the topic 'Tilt´s method'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tilt´s method"
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Beldner, Steven, Remy V. Rabinovich, and Daniel B. Polatsch. "Intraoperative Tilted Posteroanterior View for the Measurement of Distal Radius Articular Step-Off." Journal of Wrist Surgery 08, no. 04 (April 16, 2019): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685204.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to more accurately determine distal radius articular step-off in the posteroanterior (PA) view. A cadaveric forearm was osteotomized with varying amounts of articular displacement. A second osteotomy was made through the distal radius metaphysis to create four positions of tilt in the lateral plane (5° and 15° dorsal tilt; 5° and 15° volar tilt). Using fluoroscopy, the beam was positioned in the lateral plane from 25° volar to 20° dorsal, separated by 5° increments, obtaining modified PA images of the distal radius in its various configurations. The images were randomly evaluated for step-off by three hand surgeons in a blinded fashion. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the accuracy between estimated and actual step-off and was demonstrated to be greater when the PA view was parallel to the distal radius tilt in the lateral plane, for all four configurations of distal radius tilt. Data pertaining to the distal radius with 0 mm of step-off did not demonstrate the PA view, parallel to the distal radius tilt, to be superior than the PA views not parallel to the tilt; reaffirming that with anatomic reduction, any fluoroscopic image exhibits good alignment. This study confirms that the most accurate method of accessing PA step-off is to first determine the tilt of the radius on a lateral film and then align the beam in the PA plane to match this tilt.
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Schwarz, Timo Julian, Markus Weber, Christian Dornia, Michael Worlicek, Tobias Renkawitz, Joachim Grifka, and Benjamin Craiovan. "Correction of Pelvic Tilt and Pelvic Rotation in Cup Measurement after THA – An Experimental Study." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 189, no. 09 (July 11, 2017): 864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-110012.
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Purpose Accurate assessment of cup orientation on postoperative pelvic radiographs is essential for evaluating outcome after THA. Here, we present a novel method for correcting measurement inaccuracies due to pelvic tilt and rotation. Method In an experimental setting, a cup was implanted into a dummy pelvis, and its final position was verified via CT. To show the effect of pelvic tilt and rotation on cup position, the dummy was fixed to a rack to achieve a tilt between + 15° anterior and -15° posterior and 0° to 20° rotation to the contralateral side. According to Murray’s definitions of anteversion and inclination, we created a novel corrective procedure to measure cup position in the pelvic reference frame (anterior pelvic plane) to compensate measurement errors due to pelvic tilt and rotation. Results The cup anteversion measured on CT was 23.3°; on AP pelvic radiographs, however, variations in pelvic tilt (± 15°) resulted in anteversion angles between 11.0° and 36.2° (mean error 8.3°± 3.9°). The cup inclination was 34.1° on CT and ranged between 31.0° and 38.7° (m. e. 2.3°± 1.5°) on radiographs. Pelvic rotation between 0° and 20° showed high variation in radiographic anteversion (21.2°–31.2°, m. e. 6.0°± 3.1°) and inclination (34.1°–27.2°, m. e. 3.4°± 2.5°). Our novel correction algorithm for pelvic tilt reduced the mean error in anteversion measurements to 0.6°± 0.2° and in inclination measurements to 0.7° (SD± 0.2). Similarly, the mean error due to pelvic rotation was reduced to 0.4°± 0.4° for anteversion and to 1.3°± 0.8 for inclination. Conclusion Pelvic tilt and pelvic rotation may lead to misinterpretation of cup position on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. Mathematical correction concepts have the potential to significantly reduce these errors, and could be implemented in future radiological software tools. Key Points Citation Format
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Nakahara, Hisashi, Kentaro Emoto, and Takeshi Nishimura. "Extending the formulation of the spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method to strain, rotation and tilt." Geophysical Journal International 227, no. 1 (June 5, 2021): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab217.
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SUMMARY The spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method has been applied to ambient seismic noise measured by arrays of translational seismometers for inverting phase-velocity dispersion curves of Rayleigh or Love waves for shallow S-wave velocity structure. Recently, it is becoming possible to observe wave spatial gradients such as strain, rotation and tilt owing to the development of dense seismic networks and improving measurement technologies. Therefore, it is desirable to extend the formulation of the SPAC method to strain, rotation and tilt. This study presents analytical expressions of cross-spectra and coherence of the strain, rotation and tilt components that are measured on the free surface. According to the results, both Rayleigh and Love waves contribute to most components of strains. The exceptions are the areal strain and the vertical axial strain (ezz) on the free surface that are affected by only Rayleigh waves. Only Rayleigh waves contribute to the tilts and rotations around the horizontal axes on the free surface, too. On the other hand, only Love waves contribute to the rotation around the vertical axis. Therefore, different kinds of wave spatial gradients are helpful to separate Rayleigh and Love waves correctly. For practical applications, the analytical expression for the radial axial strain (err) component will be applied directly to distributed acoustic sensing data measured with straight sections of a fibre-optic cable. On the other hand, dense observations of rotation and tilt may still be difficult to carry out at present. However, an application of analytical formulations in this study to arrays of at least several three-component rotational seismometers is attractive because it enables us to separately estimate the phase velocities of Rayleigh and Love waves.
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Peters, R. H. M., A. M. H. P. van den Besselaar, and F. M. F. G. Olthuis. "A Multi-Centre Study to Evaluate Method Dependency of the International Sensitivity Index of Bovine Thromboplastin." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 61, no. 02 (1989): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646552.
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SummaryIn The Netherlands, a particular coagulometer method for prothrombin time (PT) determination with reduced sample and reagent volumes is used by 62% of the laboratories controlling oral anticoagulant therapy. This “micro-method” has been calibrated against the manual tilt-tube technique for PT determination by six Dutch laboratories. Each laboratory tested 20 fresh normal blood samples and 60 fresh patient blood samples using both methods with the same batch of bovine thromboplastin reagent, according to a detailed protocol. Both methods were comparable as to their precision, but PTs measured by the micromethod were significantly prolonged (p <0.001, Student’s t-test) as compared to the manual method. This effect is stronger for samples of normal subjects than for patients’ samples. It was assumed that the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of the bovine thromboplastin for the manual method was 1.00 in each laboratory. The ISI-values of the bovine thromboplastin for the micro-method determined by the six laboratories ranged from 1.00 to 1.07 (mean 1.03, SD 0.03). Our results indicate that any other laboratory, using this thromboplastin and the micromethod, should obtain accurate assessment of the International Normalized Ratio from their own mean normal PT and an ISI which is 3% higher than the ISI supplied by the thromboplastin manufacturer for the manual tilt-tube method.
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Salehuddin, F., I. Ahmad, F. A. Hamid, and A. Zaharim. "Impact of Different Dose and Angle in HALO Structure for 45nm NMOS Device." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6827.
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In this paper, we investigates the different dose and tilt HALO implant step in order to characterize the 45nm NMOS device. Besides HALO, the other two process parameters are oxide growth temperature and source/drain (S/D) implant dose. The settings of process parameters were determined by using Taguchi experimental design method. This work was done using TCAD simulator, consisting of a process simulator, ATHENA and device simulator, ATLAS. These two simulators were combined with Taguchi method to aid in design and optimizer the process parameters. Threshold voltage (VTH) results were used as the evaluation variable. The results were then subjected to the Taguchi method to determine the optimal process parameters and to produce predicted values. In this research, oxide growth temperature was the major factor affecting the threshold voltage (69%), whereas halo implant tilt was the second ranking factor (20%). The percent effect on Signal-to-Noice (S/N) ratio of halo implant dose and S/D implant dose are 6% and 5% respectively. As conclusions, oxide growth temperature and halo implant tilt were identified as the process parameters that have strongest effect on the response characteristics. While S/D implant dose was identified as an adjustment factor to get threshold voltage for NMOS device closer to the nominal value (0.150V) at tox= 1.1nm.
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Montano, N., S. Cerutti, and L. T. Mainardi. "Automatic Decomposition of Wigner Distribution and its Application to Heart Rate Variability." Methods of Information in Medicine 43, no. 01 (2004): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633416.
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Summary Objective: We introduce an algorithm for the automatic decomposition of Wigner Distribution (WD) and we applied it for the quantitative extraction of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) spectral parameters during non-stationary events. Early response to tilt was investigated. Methods: Quantitative analysis of multi-components non-stationary signals is obtained through an automatic decomposition of WD based on least square (LS) fitting of the instantaneous autocorrelation function (ACF). Through this approach the different signal and interference terms which contributes to the ACF may be separated and their parameters (instantaneous frequency and amplitude) quantified. A beat-to-beat monitoring of HRV spectral components is obtained. Results: Analysis of simulated signals demonstrated the capability of the proposed approach to track and separate the signal components. Analysis of HRV data evidenced different dynamics in the early Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) response to tilt. Conclusions: The novel approach to the quantification of the beat-to-beat HRV spectral parameters obtained from decomposition of Wigner distribution was demonstrated to be effective in the analysis of HRV data. Relevant physiological information about the dynamics of the early sympathetic response to tilt were obtained. The method is a general approach which may be employed for a quantitative time-frequency analysis of non-stationary biological signals.
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Chen, Hao. "Numerical Calculations on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Force of the Tilt-Rotor Aircraft in Conversion Mode." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (December 7, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2147068.
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A computational method is developed in order to predict the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the tilt-rotor aircraft in conversion mode. In this approach, the rotor is modeled as an actuator disk so that the effect of individual blades can be ignored. A novel predictor-corrector-based dynamic mesh method is presented for dealing with extremely large mesh deformation during a conversion process. The dual time-stepping approach and the finite volume scheme are applied to solve the unsteady N-S equation. A parallel algorithm is utilized in this work to improve the computational efficiency. By using the present method, quantitative and qualitative comparisons are made between the aerodynamic coefficients obtained in the quasi-steady fixed conversion mode and the time-accurate continuous transition flight condition. Both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) computations are carried out. The influence of the tilt modes and the tilt period time on the unsteady aerodynamic forces are also studied. Numerical results demonstrate that the developed method is effective in simulating the aerodynamic characteristics of the tilt-rotor aircraft in conversion mode.
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Ma, Li, Zheng Feng He, and Hang Kong Ouyang. "Analysis of Bridge-Type Nano-Positioning Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 3828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.3828.
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A piezoelectric nanostage using bridge-type flexure hinge mechanisms is developed. Elastic beam theory was used to analyze the ideal and theoretic displacement amplification ratio and find that their value is mainly influenced by the length of the tilt rod and tilt angle of bridge-type. A multilayer S-type hinge is designed as the prismatic of moving platform. Stiffness and natural frequency model of the whole stage is built and find out that their value is mainly relevant to hinge thickness, tilt angle of bridge-type hinge and length of S-type hinge. Finally, finite element method (FEM) is used to verify the drived model. The errors of the total stiffness and the natural frequency of the stage between FEM and theory analysis are 3.8% and 6.6% respectively, which confirm the predictions of theory analysis.
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Jost, Gregory F., Jonas Walti, Luigi Mariani, and Philippe Cattin. "A novel approach to navigated implantation of S-2 alar iliac screws using inertial measurement units." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 3 (March 2016): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.spine1594.
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OBJECT The authors report on a novel method of intraoperative navigation with inertial measurement units (IMUs) for implantation of S-2 alar iliac (S2AI) screws in sacropelvic fixation of the human spine and its application in cadaveric specimens. METHODS Screw trajectories were planned on a multiplanar reconstruction of the preoperative CT scan. The pedicle finder and screwdriver were equipped with IMUs to guide the axial and sagittal tilt angles of the planned trajectory, and navigation software was developed. The entry points were chosen according to anatomical landmarks on the exposed spine. After referencing, the sagittal and axial orientation of the pedicle finder and screwdriver were wirelessly monitored on a computer screen and aligned with the preoperatively planned tilt angles to implant the S2AI screws. The technique was performed without any intraoperative imaging. Screw positions were analyzed on postoperative CT scans. RESULTS Seventeen of 18 screws showed a good S2AI screw trajectory. Compared with the postoperatively measured tilt angles of the S2AI screws, the IMU readings on the screwdriver were within an axial plane deviation of 0° to 5° in 15 (83%) and 6° to 10° in 2 (11%) of the screws and within a sagittal plane deviation of 0° to 5° in 15 (83%) and 6° to 10° in 3 (17%) of the screws. CONCLUSIONS IMU–based intraoperative navigation may facilitate accurate placement of S2AI screws.
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Nollo, Giandomenico, Luca Faes, Alberto Porta, Renzo Antolini, and Flavia Ravelli. "Exploring directionality in spontaneous heart period and systolic pressure variability interactions in humans: implications in the evaluation of baroreflex gain." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): H1777—H1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00594.2004.
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Although in physiological conditions RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) are likely to interact in a closed loop, the traditional cross-spectral analysis cannot distinguish feedback (FB) from feedforward (FF) influences. In this study, a causal approach was applied for calculating the coherence from SAP to RR ( Ks-r) and from RR to SAP ( Kr-s) and the gain and phase of the baroreflex transfer function. The method was applied, compared with the noncausal one, to RR and SAP series taken from 15 healthy young subjects in the supine position and after passive head-up tilt. For the low frequency (0.04–0.15 Hz) spectral component, the enhanced FF coupling ( Kr-s = 0.59 ± 0.21, significant in 14 subjects) and the blunted FB coupling ( Ks-r = 0.17 ± 0.17, significant in 4 subjects) found at rest indicated the prevalence of nonbaroreflex mechanisms. The tilt maneuver recovered FB influences ( Ks-r = 0.47 ± 0.16, significant in 14 subjects), which were stronger than FF interactions ( Ks-r = 0.34 ± 0.19, significant in 9 subjects). At the respiratory frequency, the RR-SAP regulation was balanced at rest ( Ks-r = 0.30 ± 0.18 and Kr-s = 0.29 ± 0.20, significant in 11 and 8 subjects) and shifted toward FB mechanisms after tilt ( Ks-r = 0.35 ± 0.19 and Kr-s = 0.19 ± 0.11, significant in 14 and 8 subjects). The causal baroreflex gain estimates were always lower than the corresponding noncausal values and decreased significantly from rest to tilt in both frequency bands. The tilt-induced increase of the phase lag from SAP to RR suggested a shift from vagal to sympathetic modulation. Thus the importance of nonbaroreflex interactions pointed out the necessity of accounting for causality in the cross-spectral analysis of the interactions between cardiovascular variables in healthy humans.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tilt´s method"
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Burda, Ondřej. "Měření polohy těžiště jízdních kol." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232691.
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The first part of the thesis The measurement of the location of centre of gravity of bicycles is firstly about history and division of bicycles, about the legislation in the Czech Republic concerning the cyclists, about the analysis of accidents of cyclists and lastly about the analysis of the method of the measurement of the location of centre of gravity. The second part of the thesis describes the procedure of calculation of the location of centre of gravity in the chosen incline method and the proposal of measure apparatus. The third part of the thesis occupies with the measurement and processing of concrete values for chosen sample of cyclists on the bicycles which are selected in the way that the results of the location of centre of gravity in the final part of the thesis are compared with the respect to their application during the expert opinion.
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Jacobsson, Catharina. "”Let´s talk about sex” - But how? : Lärares beskrivningar kring val av arbetssätt inom sex- och samlevnadsundervisning kopplat till hur känsligt ämnet är." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för lärarutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-38108.
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Skolinspektionen menar att alla elever har rätt till att få sex- och samlevnadsundervisning. Den syftar till att stärka självkänslan hos eleverna och bidra till att de kan ta ansvarsfulla och medvetna beslut rörande sexualitet, relationer och hälsa. För att lärare ska känna sig bekväma och trygga i sin undervisande roll krävs kompetens i form av faktakunskaper och insikter om vilka arbetsmetoder som lämpar sig för ett visst moment. Skolinspektionen för fram vikten av att verktyg och stöd görs tillgängliga för lärare.Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån lärares beskrivningar få en fördjupad kunskap inom känsliga ämnen i sex- och samlevnadsundervisningen i gymnasiekurserna Biologi 2 och Naturkunskap 1a1. I denna studie genererade tre kvalitativa intervjuer, en parintervju samt två enskilda intervjuer resultat som användes som underlag för diskussion och slutsatser.Tidigare forskning på området har varit knapp och svår att hitta. Detta arbete söker öka kunskapsbidraget inom val av arbetssätt och hur undervisningen av känsliga ämnen inom sex- och samlevnadsundervisningen kan bedrivas.Som teoretisk utgångspunkt används den didaktiska triangeln som visar på en grundläggande beskrivning av hur lärare, elev och innehåll förhåller sig till varandra. Den utökade didaktiska triangeln ligger närmre som förklaringsmodell till detta arbete och fokus ligger på hur lärarens olika kompetenser utgör grunden för valet av vilka arbetssätt som används vid undervisning av känsliga ämnen.Lärarna har en hög medvetenhet om vilka faktorer som kan påverka sex- och samlevnadundervisningen. Informanterna uttrycker att det är av stor vikt att elevernas egna frågor får ta plats och att det är viktigt som lärare att skapa strukturer, arbetssätt, i undervisningen som avpersonifierar framförallt elever men även lärare och istället fokusera på sakfrågan.Även om elevernas önskemål till viss del bör ligga till grund för den undervisning som bedrivs är det läraren utifrån sin profession som ska styra den. Resultatet i denna studie visar att utifrån det informanterna berättat bör alla parametrar i den didaktiska triangeln (didaktisk kompetens, ämneskompetens samt social kompetens) tas i beaktning men att den sociala kompetensen i sex- och samlevnadsundervisningen verkar ha en mer avgörande roll än de övriga två.The Swedish Schools Inspectorate believes that all students have the right to receive sex and cohabitation education. It aims to strengthen students' self-esteem and help them make responsible and conscious decisions regarding sexuality, relationships and health. In order for teachers to feel comfortable and secure in their teaching role, competence is required in the form of factual knowledge and insights into which working methods are suitable for a particular part. The Swedish Schools Inspectorate emphasizes the importance of tools and support being made available to teachers.The purpose of this study is to, based on teachers' descriptions, gain an in-depth knowledge of sensitive subjects in sex and cohabitation teaching in the upper secondary school courses Biology 2 and Natural Science 1a1. In this study, three qualitative interviews, a couple interview and two individual interviews generated results that were used as a basis for discussion and conclusions.Previous research in the field has been scarce and difficult to find. This work seeks to increase the knowledge contribution within the choice of working methods and how the teaching of sensitive subjects in sex and cohabitation education can be conducted.As a theoretical starting point, the didactic triangle is used, which shows a basic description of how teachers, students and content relate to each other. The extended didactic triangle is closer as an explanatory model for this work and the focus is on how the teacher's different competencies form the basis for the choice of which working methods are used in teaching sensitive subjects.Teachers have a high level of awareness of the factors that can affect sex and cohabitation education. The informants express that it is of great importance that the students' own questions take place and that it is important as a teacher to create structures, working methods, in teaching that depersonalize primarily students but also teachers and instead focus on the issue.Although the students' wishes should to some extent form the basis for the teaching that is conducted, it is the teacher based on his profession who should guide it. The results of this study show that based on what the informants said, all parameters in the didactic triangle (didactic competence, subject competence and social competence) should be taken into account, but that social competence in sex and cohabitation education seems to play a more decisive role than the other two.
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Blåder, Niclas. "Gemenskap och mångfald : En ekklesiologisk studie med utgångspunkt i Don S. Brownings metod, där två församlingars tal om identitet och pluralism i den egna församlingen relateras till Dietrich Bonhoeffers teologiska tänkande." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15572.
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Gemenskap är eftersträvansvärt för de flesta människor. Samtidigt är många gemenskaper relativt homogena och likriktade. På ett liknande sätt är många kristna församlingsgemenskaper uppbyggda, dvs. de är gemenskaper där mångfalden får svårt att hävda sig. Kan teologin bidra med öppningar i ett samtal om gemenskap och mångfald i den kristna församlingen och i mänskligt samliv? Denna avhandling utgår från hur man inom två konkreta församlingar i Svenska kyrkan talar om identitet och pluralism och försöker komma till rätta med att man har olika tankefigurer för hur en församlingsgemenskap skall kunna innefatta mångfald. Församlingarnas svårigheter pekar mot ett allmänkyrkligt dilemma, kanske allmänmänskligt: Hur förena gemenskap och mångfald? Dietrich Bonhoeffer är en teolog som i sina skrifter diskuterade just denna problematik, först som ung i avhandlingen Sanctorum Communio, senare som ledare för prästseminariet i Finkenwalde i boken Life Together och slutligen som motståndsman under krigsåren i det som var avsett att bli hans magnum opus, Ethics. Utifrån Bonhoeffers teologiska diskussion blir det viktigt att möta församlingarnas praktiska dilemma genom ansvarigt handlande i den konkreta situationen, att försöka gestalta en församlingsgemenskap som bejakar olikhet, medveten om mångfalden och om att varje handling hotar att utestänga några.Most people strive for fellowship. However, most communities and fellowships are fairly homogenous and uniform. Many Christian parish fellowships are built in a similar fashion; they are, in other words, fellowships where pluralism has a hard time asserting itself. Could theology possibly contribute to opening up for discussions regarding community and pluralism in the Christian church and in social life? This dissertation takes its starting point in how two actual parishes in Sweden talk about identity and pluralism and how they try to come to grips with the fact that in each parish there are different mental figures as to how parish fellowship might include pluralism. The difficulties facing the parishes point to a dilemma facing all churches, and possibly all human beings: How to unite fellowship and pluralism? Dietrich Bonhoeffer is a theologian who in his writings discussed this very issue, first as a young man in his dissertation Sanctorum Communio, then later as the leader of the Seminary at Finkenwalde in his book Life Together and finally as a member of the resistance movement during WWII in what was meant to be his magnum opus, Ethics. Based on the theological discussion of Bonhoeffer, it becomes an important task to address the practical dilemma of the churches through responsible action in the practical situation; to try to model a community that includes otherness, at the same time being aware ofthe plurality and that each action may threaten to shut some people out.
Books on the topic "Tilt´s method"
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Marciniak-Kajzer, Anna. Średniowieczny dwór rycerski w Polsce. Wizerunek archeologiczny. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7525-543-0.
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This chapter presented an attempt at comparison of the above outlined picture of knight`s manor house in the area of medieval Polish kingdom with information about similar abodes in neighbouring areas. The author also discusses view about supposed functions of “motte-andbailey” towers, inclining to a thesis that they are dwelling abodes, which were formal reductions of pan-European scheme of abodes of motte type. Another group of issues concerns research postulates in reference to excavations. The biggest amount of sites was excavated till the end of the 1980s. At that time, dating with physic-chemical methods or dendrochronological was extremely difficult to access in Poland. Hitherto presented in literature reconstructions of manorial buildings themselves seem to be too simplified and do not refer to a rich tradition of wooden architecture in Slavic lands. Another postulate is dedication of more attention to material culture of the investigated abodes, both by archaeologists and historians.
Book chapters on the topic "Tilt´s method"
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Krishnan, Kannan M. "Transmission and Analytical Electron Microscopy." In Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology, 552–692. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830252.003.0009.
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Transmission electron microscopy provides information on all aspects of the microstructure — structural, atomic, chemical, electronic, magnetic, etc. — at the highest spatial resolution in physical and biological materials, with applications ranging from fundamental studies to process metrology in the semiconductor industry. Developments in correcting electron-optical aberrations have improved TEM resolution to sub-Å levels. Coherent Bragg scattering (diffraction), incoherent Rutherford scattering (atomic mass), and interference (phase) are some contrast mechanisms in TEM. For phase contrast, optimum imaging is observed at the Scherzer defocus. Magnetic domains are imaged in Fresnel, Foucault, or differential phase contrast (DPC) modes. Off-axis electron holography measures phase shifts of the electron wave, and is affected by magnetic and electrostatic fields of the specimen. In scanning-transmission (STEM) mode, a focused electron beam is scanned across the specimen to sequentially form an image; a high-angle annular dark field detector gives Z-contrast images with elemental specificity and atomic resolution. Series of (S)TEM images, recorded every one or two degrees about a tilt axis, over as large a tilt-range as possible, are back-projected to reconstruct a 3D tomographic image. Inelastically scattered electrons, collected in the forward direction, form the energy-loss spectrum (EELS), and reveal the unoccupied local density of states, partitioned by site symmetry, nature of the chemical species, and the angular momentum of the final state. Energy-lost electrons are imaged by recording them, pixel-by-pixel, as a sequence of spectra (spectrum imaging), or by choosing electrons that have lost a specific energy (energy-filtered TEM). De-excitation processes (characteristic X-ray emission) are detected by energy dispersive methods, providing compositional microanalysis, including chemical maps. Overall, specimen preparation methods, even with many recent developments, including focused ion beam milling, truly limit applications of TEM.
Conference papers on the topic "Tilt´s method"
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Agapiou, John. "Method for Evaluating Machining Toolholder-Spindle Unbalance Due to Chips at the Toolholder Interface." In ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34232.
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Machining process monitoring method is developed for detecting and diagnosis of the presence of chips at the toolholder-spindle interface. Although toolholders can be simply balanced before they are placed in the spindle, there can be some balancing problems remaining when one or more loose machining chips are attached at the toolholder-spindle interface(s) during a tool change. A method is developed by considering the natural and geometric unbalances of the toolholder-spindle system combined with an analysis of the toolholder tilt due to the presence of loose machining chips around the spindle. The method can be integrated on-line as a real-time expert diagnostic system for toolholder tilt due to the presence of loose machining chips at the spindle nose. The expert diagnostic system makes intelligent decisions on toolholder unbalance and concerns with chips at the interface that result in unwanted tilting and vibrations. The tool unbalance algorithm was able to monitor the toolholder tilting according to the results of this study.
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Zhao, Qiuying, and Chunhua Sheng. "Computational Aerodynamic Analysis of Downwind Turbine Using a New Tilt Control Concept." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69586.
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Aerodynamic performance of a two-bladed downwind turbine using a new nacelle tilt control concept is numerically investigated based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis. High fidelity, unsteady full Navier-Stoke viscous flow simulations are performed for wind turbines at different nacelle tilt angles to investigate the mean and unsteady aerodynamic loads under two operating conditions: (1) a power-unregulated mode at a rated wind speed of 11.4 m/s, and (2) a power-regulated mode at a rated power of 5 MW. The rotor power, blade and tower bending moments are among the key parameters to evaluate the effect of this new wind turbine control method. A dynamic moving grid method is used to simulate the relative motion and unsteady interaction between the rotor and the tower. Computational results indicate favorable mean bending moments obtained on the turbine blades and tower. However, increased unsteady loadings are experienced by wind turbines at high nacelle tilt angles. The current investigation provides quantitative assessments of the aerodynamic loads and performance of downwind turbines, as well as insight into reducing the costs of offshore horizontal axis wind turbines using an alternative power control method.
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Chakraborty, Anirban, Hui Wang, and Cheng Luo. "Fabrication of Surface With Hydrophobicity Gradient Using ZnO Nanowires." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65039.
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Current techniques focus on generating ZnO nanowires with uniform density and length on a substrate. However, ZnO nanowires with gradients of density and length over a single substrate could make the corresponding devices have varied properties. Here, we have explored the possibility of fabricating nanowires with gradients in density and length using the vapor-solid method via tilting of the substrate using a mixture of ZnO and graphite powder. This setup creates a non-uniform boundary layer (δ) over the substrate which varies the concentration of reactants reaching the surface leading to the asymmetric growth of the nanowires. A 2-D model was developed in Fluent in order to determine the distribution of velocities around the substrate and calculate δ, with the following substrate tilt angles: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 80°. From the simulation results, the variation of δ was maximum for the 80° tilted substrate. Hence, this angle of tilt was chosen for our experiment. The nanowires were sampled for their densities, lengths and diameters at four locations (L1–L4), spaced 5 mm apart. As an application, we have demonstrated the formation of a surface with continuously varying hydrophobicity. The water contact angles measured were as follows: L1: 105°; L2: 116.5°; L3: 129.5°; and L4: 171.0°. A water droplet (volume: 4 μL) was able to move a distance of 10 mm in 0.8 s, with a substrate tilt of ∼1°.
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Chemeris, Alexander, and Sergii Sushko. "Usage of Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Method for the Searching of Optimal Tile Size." In 2019 IEEE International Scientific-Practical Conference Problems of Infocommunications, Science and Technology (PIC S&T). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picst47496.2019.9061468.
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Bruurs, K. A. J., B. P. M. van Esch, M. S. van der Schoot, and E. J. J. van der Zijden. "Axial Thrust Prediction for a Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69283.
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The prediction of axial thrust for centrifugal pumps has been an important topic for many years. This is especially the case for multi-stage pumps with opposed or inline impellers, as the correct selection of balancing device(s) and bearings depends highly on the accuracy of the calculated thrust. Up till now, many investigations regarding axial thrust have focused on fully analytical or (semi-)empirical relations while others have tried to predict the axial thrust using CFD simulations. Full analytical or empirical methods tend to give poor results or need tuning for each specific pump, while the full CFD methods are costly in both setup time and computer resources. This paper presents a hybrid method to calculate the axial thrust of a multi-stage pump with an inline impeller design. The hybrid method combines analytical methods and CFD to reduce the required setup time and computation costs. The CFD calculation of the main flow is used as a boundary condition for the semi-empirical models for the side chambers and the inter-stage seals, such that these tight regions can be excluded from the CFD calculation. To verify and validate the hybrid method, results are compared with measurements and with full CFD calculations that include the side chambers and seals. These results show that the hybrid method and the full CFD method give comparable results, but there is still some difference with the measurements.
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Swedenborg, J., C. Greén, J. Lewin, and O. Vesterquist. "INCREASED IN VIVO FORMATION OF THROMBOXANE AND PROSTACYCLIN IN HUMANS AFTER AORTIC REPLACEMENT WITH SYNTHETIC GRAFTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642839.
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Replacement of arteries with synthetic grafts causes activation of both plasma coagulation and platelets. In order to measure platelet activation the in vivo production of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) were measured in patients following graft replacement of the abdominal aorta for aneurysmal disease.Specific methods based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using tetra-deuterated internal standards/carriers were used to measure the urinary excretion of 2,3-dinor-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-6-keto PGF1α, the two major urinary metabolites of TxA2 and PGI2. The excretion of the metabolites increased ten-fold and fortyfold respectively on the first postoperative day and remained elevated up till 10 days postoperatively. In patients undergoing cholecystectomy only minor changes of shorter duration were seen. A marked decrease in platelet count occurred concomitanly with the increase in the urinary metabolites. Platelet counts returned to normal or supernormal values after 10 days when the excretion of 2,3-dinor TxB2had returned to normal values.It is concluded that synthetic grafts cause prolonged increase in the in vivo formation of TxA2 and PGI2 concomitantly with a decrease in platelet count. The reason for the increased TxA2 formation may be platelet interaction with the foreign surface but the increase of PGI2 is unexplained. The latter increase could be part of a vascular defense against the induced thrombotic activity.
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Jain, Vandana, Rupinder Sekhon, Shveta Giri, and Sudhir Rawal. "Role of radical surgery in early stages of vaginal cancer." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685350.
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Objectives: The objective of our present study was to evaluate the efficacy of radical vaginectomy with or without radical hysterectomy in patients with FIGO stage I and II vaginal cancers. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 13 patients aged 35 – 78 years. All the patients underwent radical surgery for vaginal cancer from April 2010 till June 2015. Kaplan- meier analyses was used to calculate the disease free survival and overall survival at 12 months. Results: The mean age of patients was 54.9 years. Twelve patients were with FIGO stage I while one had stage II vaginal cancer. The histopathology was squamous cell cancer in 9 patients, small cell neuroendocrine cancer in two patients and malignant melanoma in 2 patients. The lesion was confined to upper 2/3 of vagina in 8 cases and lower 1/3 was involved in 5 cases. All the patients underwent radical surgery. Lymph node dissection was done in eleven patients out of whom lymph nodes were positive in 4 patients. Three patients had positive margins. Adjuvant treatment was given to patients with positive margins or positive nodes. Six patients did not require any adjuvant treatment and two patients defaulted adjuvant treatment. One patient developed Vesico-vaginal fistula. Over a follow up period ranging from 6 to 67 months, recurrence developed in two patients and one of them died of disease. The 12 months Disease free survival was 82.1% and 12 months Overall Survival was 90.9%. Conclusion: Stage I and selected stage II vaginal cancer patients have good outcomes in terms of survival and local tumor control if managed judiciously by initial surgery followed by selective adjuvant therapy.
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Soni, Abhishek, Nupur Bansal, A. K. Dhull, Vivek Kaushal, Rajeev Atri, and Monica Verma. "Diagnostic dilemma of mesonephric adenocarcinoma cervix." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685283.
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Introduction: Mesonephric carcinoma is a rare type of epithelial tumor of the uterine cervix which derive from the remnants of the paired mesonephric (Wolff’s) ducts. The incidence of such neoplasms is difficult to determine due to rarity, previous misclassification of clear cell carcinomas and yolk sac tumours as mesonephric carcinomas and potential underreporting due to misclassification of mesonephric carcinoma as Mullerian tumours or mesonephric hyperplasia. The evidence regarding the clinical course, prognosis and optimal treatment is limited. Materials and Methods: Searches were performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholarly articles. All the relevant articles were included in the study. Only approximate 40 cases have been reported till now. Discussion: Mesonephric adenocarcinoma cervix has different morphologies like ductal, tubular, solid, retiform, sex-cord like pattern, clear cell and serous papillary structures. IHC assessment is helpful in differentiating it from Mullerian counterpart, as it is negative for CEA, CK20, p16, PAX2, ER/PR and vimentin and positive for CD10, calretinin, CK7, CAM5.2 and EMA. It has no relation with HPV infection. Unlike squamous epithelial carcinoma, it is rarely presenting with the abnormal cervical smear result, has more advanced age at presentation and its incidence does not appear to decline with age. The diagnosis has been supported by endometrial curettings, directed/cone cervical biopsies and hysterectomy specimens. The majority of patients are diagnosed at stage IB with mean DFS of 48.6 months. Recurrence rate is 23%, with a mean interval of 40 months. Hysterectomy is the primary treatment. Advanced stage disease of adenocarcinoma seemed to respond to radiotherapy, but for the MMMTs the combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy appears to be preferable. Conclusion: Rarity of the neoplasm, varied morphology, mix presentation and very low number of cases leads to difficulty in correct diagnosis in a small biopsy specimen. IHC helpful in differentiating it from other lesions.
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Barbour, Jason P., and Douglas C. Hittle. "Modeling Phase Change Materials With Conduction Transfer Functions for Passive Solar Applications." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44073.
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The use of passive solar design in our homes and buildings is one way to offset the ever-increasing dependence on fossil fuels and the resulting pollution to our air, our land, and our waters. A well-designed sunroom has the potential to reduce the annual heating loads by one-third or more. By integrating phase change materials (PCMs) into building elements such as floor tile and wallboard, the benefits of the sunroom can be further enhanced by providing enhanced energy storage. To maximize benefits from PCMs, an engineering analysis tool is needed to provide insight into the most efficient use of this developing technology. Thus far, modeling of the phase change materials has been restricted to finite difference and finite element methods, which are not well suited to inclusion in a comprehensive annual building simulation program such as BLAST or EnergyPlus (BLAST Support Office, 1991; Crawley et al, 2001). Conduction transfer functions (CTFs) have long been used to predict transient heat conduction in such programs (Sowell and Hittle, 1995). Phase changes often do not occur at a single temperature, but do so over a range of temperatures. The phase change energy can be represented by an elevated heat capacity over the temperature range during which the phase change occurs (Kedl, 1991). By calculating an extra set(s) of CTFs for the phase change properties, the CTF method can be extended to include the energy of phase transitions by switching between the two (or more) sets of CTFs. This method can be used to accurately predict the internal and external temperatures of PCM-containing building elements during transient heat conduction. The amount of energy storage and release during a phase transition can also be modeled with this method, although there may be some degree of inaccuracy due to switching between two or more sets of CTFs.
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Shukla, H., K. Batra, R. Sekhon, S. Giri, and S. Rawal. "Over view of clinical presentation, management and outcome of cervical cancer: A tertiary cancer centre experience." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685265.
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Objectives: (a) To understand the profile of cervical cancer patients attending our hospital from January 2011 till January 2015. (b) To audit the type of care given to the patients with respect to their stage at presentation. (c) To compare the outcomes of open v/s robotic radical hysterectomy done for cervical cancer. Methods: We prospectively analyzed all cases of cervical cancer from January 2011 to January 2015 presenting at our institute. Data was retrieved from patient’s records and institute’s tumor registry. We compared all patients undergoing open v/s robotic RH. All the data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 562 patients were treated for cervical cancer during the time period between 2011-2015. Of these there were 316 (56%) cases taken up for surgery-212 robotic RH, 104 open radical hysterectomy and rest 246 (44%) patients received definitive CCRT. Most common age group was 40-54 yrs. IB1 stage was most common presenting stage. SCC was most common histology (75%). Immediate post op complication and oncological safety in terms of local recurrence was same in both groups. However length of stay and post operative blood requirement was significantly lower in robotic RH group. 45% of all patients who underwent surgery did not require adjuvant therapy in post op period while 35% patient required post op RT and 20% CCRT. 2.2% patient had local recurrence and most of the patients were in stage IIA1 at presentation. Conclusion: Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in our hospital registry. Mostly women were in the age group of 40-54 years. Most common stage at presentation was 1B and the histology being SCC. Not many differences seen in open v/s robotic techniques of radical hysterectomy except for shorter hospital stay and less need of blood transfusion in the robotic group. Local recurrence rates are comparable in both open and robotic groups.