To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Tilt´s method.
Journal articles on the topic 'Tilt´s method'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Tilt´s method.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Beldner, Steven, Remy V. Rabinovich, and Daniel B. Polatsch. "Intraoperative Tilted Posteroanterior View for the Measurement of Distal Radius Articular Step-Off." Journal of Wrist Surgery 08, no. 04 (April 16, 2019): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685204.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to more accurately determine distal radius articular step-off in the posteroanterior (PA) view. A cadaveric forearm was osteotomized with varying amounts of articular displacement. A second osteotomy was made through the distal radius metaphysis to create four positions of tilt in the lateral plane (5° and 15° dorsal tilt; 5° and 15° volar tilt). Using fluoroscopy, the beam was positioned in the lateral plane from 25° volar to 20° dorsal, separated by 5° increments, obtaining modified PA images of the distal radius in its various configurations. The images were randomly evaluated for step-off by three hand surgeons in a blinded fashion. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the accuracy between estimated and actual step-off and was demonstrated to be greater when the PA view was parallel to the distal radius tilt in the lateral plane, for all four configurations of distal radius tilt. Data pertaining to the distal radius with 0 mm of step-off did not demonstrate the PA view, parallel to the distal radius tilt, to be superior than the PA views not parallel to the tilt; reaffirming that with anatomic reduction, any fluoroscopic image exhibits good alignment. This study confirms that the most accurate method of accessing PA step-off is to first determine the tilt of the radius on a lateral film and then align the beam in the PA plane to match this tilt.
2
Schwarz, Timo Julian, Markus Weber, Christian Dornia, Michael Worlicek, Tobias Renkawitz, Joachim Grifka, and Benjamin Craiovan. "Correction of Pelvic Tilt and Pelvic Rotation in Cup Measurement after THA – An Experimental Study." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 189, no. 09 (July 11, 2017): 864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-110012.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Accurate assessment of cup orientation on postoperative pelvic radiographs is essential for evaluating outcome after THA. Here, we present a novel method for correcting measurement inaccuracies due to pelvic tilt and rotation. Method In an experimental setting, a cup was implanted into a dummy pelvis, and its final position was verified via CT. To show the effect of pelvic tilt and rotation on cup position, the dummy was fixed to a rack to achieve a tilt between + 15° anterior and -15° posterior and 0° to 20° rotation to the contralateral side. According to Murray’s definitions of anteversion and inclination, we created a novel corrective procedure to measure cup position in the pelvic reference frame (anterior pelvic plane) to compensate measurement errors due to pelvic tilt and rotation. Results The cup anteversion measured on CT was 23.3°; on AP pelvic radiographs, however, variations in pelvic tilt (± 15°) resulted in anteversion angles between 11.0° and 36.2° (mean error 8.3°± 3.9°). The cup inclination was 34.1° on CT and ranged between 31.0° and 38.7° (m. e. 2.3°± 1.5°) on radiographs. Pelvic rotation between 0° and 20° showed high variation in radiographic anteversion (21.2°–31.2°, m. e. 6.0°± 3.1°) and inclination (34.1°–27.2°, m. e. 3.4°± 2.5°). Our novel correction algorithm for pelvic tilt reduced the mean error in anteversion measurements to 0.6°± 0.2° and in inclination measurements to 0.7° (SD± 0.2). Similarly, the mean error due to pelvic rotation was reduced to 0.4°± 0.4° for anteversion and to 1.3°± 0.8 for inclination. Conclusion Pelvic tilt and pelvic rotation may lead to misinterpretation of cup position on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. Mathematical correction concepts have the potential to significantly reduce these errors, and could be implemented in future radiological software tools. Key Points Citation Format
3
Nakahara, Hisashi, Kentaro Emoto, and Takeshi Nishimura. "Extending the formulation of the spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method to strain, rotation and tilt." Geophysical Journal International 227, no. 1 (June 5, 2021): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab217.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY The spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method has been applied to ambient seismic noise measured by arrays of translational seismometers for inverting phase-velocity dispersion curves of Rayleigh or Love waves for shallow S-wave velocity structure. Recently, it is becoming possible to observe wave spatial gradients such as strain, rotation and tilt owing to the development of dense seismic networks and improving measurement technologies. Therefore, it is desirable to extend the formulation of the SPAC method to strain, rotation and tilt. This study presents analytical expressions of cross-spectra and coherence of the strain, rotation and tilt components that are measured on the free surface. According to the results, both Rayleigh and Love waves contribute to most components of strains. The exceptions are the areal strain and the vertical axial strain (ezz) on the free surface that are affected by only Rayleigh waves. Only Rayleigh waves contribute to the tilts and rotations around the horizontal axes on the free surface, too. On the other hand, only Love waves contribute to the rotation around the vertical axis. Therefore, different kinds of wave spatial gradients are helpful to separate Rayleigh and Love waves correctly. For practical applications, the analytical expression for the radial axial strain (err) component will be applied directly to distributed acoustic sensing data measured with straight sections of a fibre-optic cable. On the other hand, dense observations of rotation and tilt may still be difficult to carry out at present. However, an application of analytical formulations in this study to arrays of at least several three-component rotational seismometers is attractive because it enables us to separately estimate the phase velocities of Rayleigh and Love waves.
4
Peters, R. H. M., A. M. H. P. van den Besselaar, and F. M. F. G. Olthuis. "A Multi-Centre Study to Evaluate Method Dependency of the International Sensitivity Index of Bovine Thromboplastin." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 61, no. 02 (1989): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646552.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryIn The Netherlands, a particular coagulometer method for prothrombin time (PT) determination with reduced sample and reagent volumes is used by 62% of the laboratories controlling oral anticoagulant therapy. This “micro-method” has been calibrated against the manual tilt-tube technique for PT determination by six Dutch laboratories. Each laboratory tested 20 fresh normal blood samples and 60 fresh patient blood samples using both methods with the same batch of bovine thromboplastin reagent, according to a detailed protocol. Both methods were comparable as to their precision, but PTs measured by the micromethod were significantly prolonged (p <0.001, Student’s t-test) as compared to the manual method. This effect is stronger for samples of normal subjects than for patients’ samples. It was assumed that the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of the bovine thromboplastin for the manual method was 1.00 in each laboratory. The ISI-values of the bovine thromboplastin for the micro-method determined by the six laboratories ranged from 1.00 to 1.07 (mean 1.03, SD 0.03). Our results indicate that any other laboratory, using this thromboplastin and the micromethod, should obtain accurate assessment of the International Normalized Ratio from their own mean normal PT and an ISI which is 3% higher than the ISI supplied by the thromboplastin manufacturer for the manual tilt-tube method.
5
Salehuddin, F., I. Ahmad, F. A. Hamid, and A. Zaharim. "Impact of Different Dose and Angle in HALO Structure for 45nm NMOS Device." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6827.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we investigates the different dose and tilt HALO implant step in order to characterize the 45nm NMOS device. Besides HALO, the other two process parameters are oxide growth temperature and source/drain (S/D) implant dose. The settings of process parameters were determined by using Taguchi experimental design method. This work was done using TCAD simulator, consisting of a process simulator, ATHENA and device simulator, ATLAS. These two simulators were combined with Taguchi method to aid in design and optimizer the process parameters. Threshold voltage (VTH) results were used as the evaluation variable. The results were then subjected to the Taguchi method to determine the optimal process parameters and to produce predicted values. In this research, oxide growth temperature was the major factor affecting the threshold voltage (69%), whereas halo implant tilt was the second ranking factor (20%). The percent effect on Signal-to-Noice (S/N) ratio of halo implant dose and S/D implant dose are 6% and 5% respectively. As conclusions, oxide growth temperature and halo implant tilt were identified as the process parameters that have strongest effect on the response characteristics. While S/D implant dose was identified as an adjustment factor to get threshold voltage for NMOS device closer to the nominal value (0.150V) at tox= 1.1nm.
6
Montano, N., S. Cerutti, and L. T. Mainardi. "Automatic Decomposition of Wigner Distribution and its Application to Heart Rate Variability." Methods of Information in Medicine 43, no. 01 (2004): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633416.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Objective: We introduce an algorithm for the automatic decomposition of Wigner Distribution (WD) and we applied it for the quantitative extraction of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) spectral parameters during non-stationary events. Early response to tilt was investigated. Methods: Quantitative analysis of multi-components non-stationary signals is obtained through an automatic decomposition of WD based on least square (LS) fitting of the instantaneous autocorrelation function (ACF). Through this approach the different signal and interference terms which contributes to the ACF may be separated and their parameters (instantaneous frequency and amplitude) quantified. A beat-to-beat monitoring of HRV spectral components is obtained. Results: Analysis of simulated signals demonstrated the capability of the proposed approach to track and separate the signal components. Analysis of HRV data evidenced different dynamics in the early Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) response to tilt. Conclusions: The novel approach to the quantification of the beat-to-beat HRV spectral parameters obtained from decomposition of Wigner distribution was demonstrated to be effective in the analysis of HRV data. Relevant physiological information about the dynamics of the early sympathetic response to tilt were obtained. The method is a general approach which may be employed for a quantitative time-frequency analysis of non-stationary biological signals.
7
Chen, Hao. "Numerical Calculations on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Force of the Tilt-Rotor Aircraft in Conversion Mode." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (December 7, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2147068.
Full textAbstract:
A computational method is developed in order to predict the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the tilt-rotor aircraft in conversion mode. In this approach, the rotor is modeled as an actuator disk so that the effect of individual blades can be ignored. A novel predictor-corrector-based dynamic mesh method is presented for dealing with extremely large mesh deformation during a conversion process. The dual time-stepping approach and the finite volume scheme are applied to solve the unsteady N-S equation. A parallel algorithm is utilized in this work to improve the computational efficiency. By using the present method, quantitative and qualitative comparisons are made between the aerodynamic coefficients obtained in the quasi-steady fixed conversion mode and the time-accurate continuous transition flight condition. Both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) computations are carried out. The influence of the tilt modes and the tilt period time on the unsteady aerodynamic forces are also studied. Numerical results demonstrate that the developed method is effective in simulating the aerodynamic characteristics of the tilt-rotor aircraft in conversion mode.
8
Ma, Li, Zheng Feng He, and Hang Kong Ouyang. "Analysis of Bridge-Type Nano-Positioning Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 3828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.3828.
Full textAbstract:
A piezoelectric nanostage using bridge-type flexure hinge mechanisms is developed. Elastic beam theory was used to analyze the ideal and theoretic displacement amplification ratio and find that their value is mainly influenced by the length of the tilt rod and tilt angle of bridge-type. A multilayer S-type hinge is designed as the prismatic of moving platform. Stiffness and natural frequency model of the whole stage is built and find out that their value is mainly relevant to hinge thickness, tilt angle of bridge-type hinge and length of S-type hinge. Finally, finite element method (FEM) is used to verify the drived model. The errors of the total stiffness and the natural frequency of the stage between FEM and theory analysis are 3.8% and 6.6% respectively, which confirm the predictions of theory analysis.
9
Jost, Gregory F., Jonas Walti, Luigi Mariani, and Philippe Cattin. "A novel approach to navigated implantation of S-2 alar iliac screws using inertial measurement units." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 3 (March 2016): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.spine1594.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECT The authors report on a novel method of intraoperative navigation with inertial measurement units (IMUs) for implantation of S-2 alar iliac (S2AI) screws in sacropelvic fixation of the human spine and its application in cadaveric specimens. METHODS Screw trajectories were planned on a multiplanar reconstruction of the preoperative CT scan. The pedicle finder and screwdriver were equipped with IMUs to guide the axial and sagittal tilt angles of the planned trajectory, and navigation software was developed. The entry points were chosen according to anatomical landmarks on the exposed spine. After referencing, the sagittal and axial orientation of the pedicle finder and screwdriver were wirelessly monitored on a computer screen and aligned with the preoperatively planned tilt angles to implant the S2AI screws. The technique was performed without any intraoperative imaging. Screw positions were analyzed on postoperative CT scans. RESULTS Seventeen of 18 screws showed a good S2AI screw trajectory. Compared with the postoperatively measured tilt angles of the S2AI screws, the IMU readings on the screwdriver were within an axial plane deviation of 0° to 5° in 15 (83%) and 6° to 10° in 2 (11%) of the screws and within a sagittal plane deviation of 0° to 5° in 15 (83%) and 6° to 10° in 3 (17%) of the screws. CONCLUSIONS IMU–based intraoperative navigation may facilitate accurate placement of S2AI screws.
10
Nollo, Giandomenico, Luca Faes, Alberto Porta, Renzo Antolini, and Flavia Ravelli. "Exploring directionality in spontaneous heart period and systolic pressure variability interactions in humans: implications in the evaluation of baroreflex gain." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): H1777—H1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00594.2004.
Full textAbstract:
Although in physiological conditions RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) are likely to interact in a closed loop, the traditional cross-spectral analysis cannot distinguish feedback (FB) from feedforward (FF) influences. In this study, a causal approach was applied for calculating the coherence from SAP to RR ( Ks-r) and from RR to SAP ( Kr-s) and the gain and phase of the baroreflex transfer function. The method was applied, compared with the noncausal one, to RR and SAP series taken from 15 healthy young subjects in the supine position and after passive head-up tilt. For the low frequency (0.04–0.15 Hz) spectral component, the enhanced FF coupling ( Kr-s = 0.59 ± 0.21, significant in 14 subjects) and the blunted FB coupling ( Ks-r = 0.17 ± 0.17, significant in 4 subjects) found at rest indicated the prevalence of nonbaroreflex mechanisms. The tilt maneuver recovered FB influences ( Ks-r = 0.47 ± 0.16, significant in 14 subjects), which were stronger than FF interactions ( Ks-r = 0.34 ± 0.19, significant in 9 subjects). At the respiratory frequency, the RR-SAP regulation was balanced at rest ( Ks-r = 0.30 ± 0.18 and Kr-s = 0.29 ± 0.20, significant in 11 and 8 subjects) and shifted toward FB mechanisms after tilt ( Ks-r = 0.35 ± 0.19 and Kr-s = 0.19 ± 0.11, significant in 14 and 8 subjects). The causal baroreflex gain estimates were always lower than the corresponding noncausal values and decreased significantly from rest to tilt in both frequency bands. The tilt-induced increase of the phase lag from SAP to RR suggested a shift from vagal to sympathetic modulation. Thus the importance of nonbaroreflex interactions pointed out the necessity of accounting for causality in the cross-spectral analysis of the interactions between cardiovascular variables in healthy humans.
11
WAGNER, ORVIN E. "DARK MATTER DENSITY AS A FUNCTION OF THE TIME OF YEAR." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 27 (August 26, 2013): 1330022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773231330022x.
Full textAbstract:
Until recently I had been assuming from the data taken that the dark matter wave velocity on earth is close to 25 m/s. The density of dark matter is apparently proportional to the reciprocal of the wave velocity squared. I found velocities for 2011 using my interchange method described in my 2010 Physics Essays' article. The data therein was taken near the first of May 2009. Beginning in September 2011, the large amplitude wave velocity was found near 1000 m/s, and increased to more than 20,000 m/s in October in the Northern hemisphere. Apparently one has to take into account the location and tilt of the earth in the dark matter standing wave pattern produced by the sun. I assume that the earth lies at least partially on an antinode for part of the year rather than on a node compared to most of the other planets. The antinode location and dark matter density varies on the earth's surface because the earth's orbit location and tilt varies as a function of the time of year with the tilt determining spring, summer, and winter in the Southern and Northern hemispheres.
12
Delbergue, Dorian, Damien Texier, Martin Lévesque, and Philippe Bocher. "Diffracting-grain identification from electron backscatter diffraction maps during residual stress measurements: a comparison between the sin2ψ and cosα methods." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 4 (July 24, 2019): 828–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576719008744.
Full textAbstract:
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a widely used technique to evaluate residual stresses in crystalline materials. Several XRD measurement methods are available. (i) The sin2ψ method, a multiple-exposure technique, uses linear detectors to capture intercepts of the Debye–Scherrer rings, losing the major portion of the diffracting signal. (ii) The cosα method, thanks to the development of compact 2D detectors allowing the entire Debye–Scherrer ring to be captured in a single exposure, is an alternative method for residual stress measurement. The present article compares the two calculation methods in a new manner, by looking at the possible measurement errors related to each method. To this end, sets of grains in diffraction condition were first identified from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping of Inconel 718 samples for each XRD calculation method and its associated detector, as each method provides different sets owing to the detector geometry or to the method specificities (such as tilt-angle number or Debye–Scherrer ring division). The X-ray elastic constant (XEC) ½S 2, calculated from EBSD maps for the {311} lattice planes, was determined and compared for the different sets of diffracting grains. It was observed that the 2D detector captures 1.5 times more grains in a single exposure (one tilt angle) than the linear detectors for nine tilt angles. Different XEC mean values were found for the sets of grains from the two XRD techniques/detectors. Grain-size effects were simulated, as well as detector oscillations to overcome them. A bimodal grain-size distribution effect and `artificial' textures introduced by XRD measurement techniques are also discussed.
13
Watanabe, Jun, Daeho Park, Eiichi Kakehi, Kazuoki Inoue, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, and Yuki Kataoka. "Efficacy and safety of the starting position during colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 07 (June 16, 2020): E848—E860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1149-1541.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background and study aims We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the starting position during colonoscopy. Patients and methods We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform through February 2019 to identify studies reporting the comparison between the right/supine/prone/tilt-down and left lateral starting position during colonoscopy. The primary outcomes were mean cecal insertion time and adverse events requiring medication. Two reviewers performed study selection and risk of bias assessment. We determined the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019124360). Results We identified 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (2083 participants), including three trials on right/tilt-down versus left, two trials on supine/prone versus left, respectively. Mean difference in mean cecal insertion time in supine versus left was –41.0 s (95 % confidence interval [CI] –57.3 to –24.7) in one study and in tilt-down versus left was – 37.3 s (95 % CI –72.1 to –2.4; I2 = 58 %) in three studies; however, there were no statistically significant differences in prone/right versus left position (very low certainty of evidence). Four of eight studies noted adverse effects requiring medication (moderate certainty of evidence). One RCT applying the tilt-down position was terminated because of increased occurrence of oxygen desaturation. Conclusion We could not conclusively determine the efficacy and safety of the starting position during colonoscopy because of low certainty of evidence. Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of the starting potion during colonoscopy.
14
de Ana, F. J., and M. O'Donnell. "Blood Flow Estimation Error with Intravascular Ultrasound Due to In-Plane Component of Flow." Ultrasonic Imaging 25, no. 3 (July 2003): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460302500306.
Full textAbstract:
Previously, we presented a real-time method to measure blood flow perpendicular to the image plane of an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging system using a slow-time FIR (finite impulse response) filter bank. Any in-plane flow introduces error in the flow measurement using the filter bank algorithm. Simulations show that for a flow angle of ±10° and velocities between 200 mm/s and 300 mm/s, the energy within the lowest frequency band filter is 6.92 to 7.80 times higher than for perpendicular flow in the worst case. We present a variation of the FIR filter bank algorithm, applying filter coefficients in a tilted fashion to slow-time signals (i.e., combining slow-time and fast-time). An appropriate tilt, which depends on the flow angle and velocity, corrects for the increased energy under the frequency bands. In this case, the energy under the lowest frequency band filter for an angle of ±10° and velocities ranging from 200 mm/s to 300 mm/s is 2.09 to 2.94 times higher than for perpendicular flow, yielding greater than a factor of three improvement in the worst case over the original slow-time method. Moreover, the average energy over the vessel determined with the appropriate tilt is within 2–3% of the true value.
15
Cheung, Carol C., Heiko Hecht, Thomas Jarchow, and Laurence R. Young. "Threshold-based vestibular adaptation to cross-coupled canal stimulation." Journal of Vestibular Research 17, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2007-17403.
Full textAbstract:
Prior experiments have demonstrated that people are able to adapt to cross-coupled accelerations associated with head movements while spinning at high rotation rates (e.g., 23 rpm or 138°/s). However, while adapting, subjects commonly experience serious side effects, such as motion sickness, non-compensatory eye movements, and strong and potentially disorienting illusory body tilt or tumbling sensations. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of adaptation using a threshold-based method, which ensured that the illusory tilt sensations remained imperceptible or just barely noticeable. This was achieved by incrementally increasing the angular velocity of the horizontal centrifuge while supine subjects made repeated consistent yaw head turns. Incremental adaptation phases started at centrifugation speeds of 3 rpm. Centrifuge speed was slowly increased in steps of 1.5 rpm until a light illusory tilt was experienced. At the end of the incremental procedure, subjects were able to make head turns while rotating 14 rpm without experiencing illusory tilt. Moreover, motion sickness symptoms could be avoided and a limited carry over of the adaptive state to stronger stimulation at 23 rpm was found. The results are compared to prior studies which adapted subjects to super-threshold stimuli.
16
Selles, C. A., M. A. M. Mulders, G. R. Roukema, C. H. van der Vlies, B. I. Cleffken, M. H. J. Verhofstad, and N. W. L. Schep. "Functional Outcomes after Corrective Osteotomy of Symptomatic Distal Radius Malunions in Children." Journal of Wrist Surgery 09, no. 02 (December 30, 2019): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402082.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Closed reduction and cast immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures carries the risk of secondary displacement, which could result in a symptomatic malunion. In patients with a symptomatic malunion, a corrective osteotomy can be performed to improve pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of children who underwent a corrective osteotomy due to a symptomatic malunion of the distal radius. Methods Between 2009 and 2016, all consecutive corrective osteotomies of the distal radius of patients younger than 18 years were reviewed. The primary outcome was functional outcome assessed with the ABILHAND-Kids score. Secondary outcomes were QuickDASH (Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) score, range of motion, complications, and radiological outcomes. Results A total of 13 patients with a median age of 13 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 12.5–16) were included. The median time to follow-up was 31 months (IQR: 26–51). The median ABILHAND-Kids score was 42 (range: 37–42), and the median QuickDASH was 0 (range: 0–39). Range of motion did not differ significantly between the injured and the uninjured sides for all parameters. One patient had a nonunion requiring additional operative treatment. The postoperative radiological parameters showed an improvement of radial inclination, radial height, ulnar variance, dorsal tilt, and dorsal tilt. Conclusion Corrective osteotomy for children is an effective method for treating symptomatic malunions of the distal radius. Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
17
Wu, Yingjie, Xingfei Li, Fan Liu, and Ganming Xia. "An On-Orbit Dynamic Calibration Method for an MHD Micro-Angular Vibration Sensor Using a Laser Interferometer." Sensors 19, no. 19 (October 3, 2019): 4291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194291.
Full textAbstract:
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) micro-angular vibration sensor is a significant component of the MHD Inertial Reference Unit (MIRU) and measures micro-amplitude and wide frequency angular vibration. The MHD micro-angular vibration sensor must be calibrated in orbit since the ground calibration parameters may change after lift-off. An on-orbit dynamic calibration method for the MHD micro-angular vibration sensor is proposed to calibrate the complex sensitivity of the sensor in high frequency. An absolute calibration method that combines a homodyne laser interferometer and an angular retroreflector was developed. The sinusoidal approximation method was applied, and the calibration system was established and tested using a manufactured MHD sensor. Furthermore, the measurement principle and installation errors were analyzed, including the eccentric installation error of the retroreflector, the tilt installation error of the retroreflector, and the optical path tilt error. This method can be realized within a rotation range of ± 3 ∘ and effectively avoid the installation error caused by mechanical errors. The results indicate that the calibratable angular vibration frequency range is 25–800 Hz, and the angular velocity range is 0 . 076 –7590 mrad/s. The expanded uncertainties of the sensitivity amplitude and phase shift of the calibration system for the MHD micro-angular sensor are 0 . 04 % and 1 . 2 ∘ ( k = 2 ) .
18
Huang, Yongyi, Ryuto Shigenobu, Atsushi Yona, Paras Mandal, Zengfeng Yan, and Tomonobu Senjyu. "M-Shape PV Arrangement for Improving Solar Power Generation Efficiency." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020537.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a novel design scheme to reshape the solar panel configuration and hence improve power generation efficiency via changing the traditional PVpanel arrangement. Compared to the standard PV arrangement, which is the S-shape, the proposed M-shape PV arrangement shows better performance advantages. The sky isotropic model was used to calculate the annual solar radiation of each azimuth and tilt angle for the six regions which have different latitudes in Asia—Thailand (Bangkok), China (Hong Kong), Japan (Naha), Korea (Jeju), China (Shenyang), and Mongolia (Darkhan). The optimal angle of the two types of design was found. It emerged that the optimal tilt angle of the M-shape tends to 0. The two types of design efficiencies were compared using Naha’s geographical location and sunshine conditions. Through economic analyses, both the photovoltaic base cost and the electricity sales revenue were calculated, and the results showed that the M-shape has better economic benefits compared to the S-shape design. The proposed method can save resources and improve economic efficiency as well.
19
Kozak, Roksolana, Fiodar Kurdzesau, Ivan Prieto, Oliver Skibitzki, Thomas Schroeder, Yadira Arroyo Rojas Dasilva, Rolf Erni, Hans von Känel, and Marta D. Rossell. "A tool for automatic recognition of [110] tilt grain boundaries in zincblende-type crystals." Journal of Applied Crystallography 50, no. 5 (August 18, 2017): 1299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576717010858.
Full textAbstract:
The local atomic structure of [110] tilt grain boundaries (GBs) formed in ∼100 nm-sized GaAs nanocrystals, which crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric zincblende-type structure with face-centred cubic lattice symmetry, was imaged and analysed by means of high-resolution high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). The nanocrystals were grown by metal–organic vapour phase epitaxy on top of (001) Si nanotips embedded in an oxide matrix. This paper introduces an automatic analysis method and corresponding processing tool for the identification of the GBs. The method comprises (i) extraction of crystallographic parameters,i.e.misorientation angles and transformation matrices for the different crystal parts (grains/twins) observed by HAADF-STEM, and (ii) determination of their common plane(s) by modelling all possible intersections of the corresponding three-dimensional reciprocal lattices. The structural unit model is also used to characterize the GB structures and to validate the data obtained by the developed algorithm.
20
Abd Elnabi, Mohamed Mohamed, Tarek Abd Elsadek Osman, Alaa Eldeen El Mokadem, and Abou Bakr Elshalakany . "Modeling and Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Parameters for Joining Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys." Advanced Journal of Graduate Research 4, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.4.1.1-14.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of this work are to optimize the process parameters on the mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and ductility) of dissimilar joints between AA5454 and AA7075 produced by friction stir welding and to determine which of them is significant by using Taguchi L16 optimization method. Seven parameters at two levels were selected in this study. The selected parameters are tool rotational speed, traverse speed, pin profile (based on taper angle), D/d ratio, tool tilt angle, plunge depth, and base metal location. Then, mathematical models are built as function of significant parameters/ interactions using Response Surface Methodology. The results of this work showed that the rotational speed, traverse speed, D/d ratio and plunge depth are significant parameters in determining UTS (Mean, Signal to noise ratio (S/N)) at different confidence levels, but pin profile, location of base metal and tool tilt angle are insignificant parameters at any confidence levels. The traverse speed has the highest contribution to the process for UTS about 18.577 % and 16.943 % for S/N ratio and mean, respectively. The accuracy of the models according to the UTS is 97.678 % and 99.56 %for mean and S/N ratio, respectively. The maximum joint efficiency, compared to the strength of the AA5454, is 85.3%.
21
Sumida, T., K. Yamamoto, T. Shinogi, S. Tsuruoka, and H. Kawanaka. "Document Recognition and XML Generation of Tabular Form Discharge Summaries for Analogous Case Search System." Methods of Information in Medicine 46, no. 06 (2007): 700–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1625431.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Objectives : This paper discusses and develops a document image recognition, keyword extraction and automatic XML generation system to search analogous cases from paper-based documents. In this paper, we propose the document structure recognition method and automatic XML generation method for the tabular form discharge summary documents. This paper also develops the prototype system using the proposed method. Evaluation experiments using actual documents are doneto discuss the effectiveness of the developed system. Methods : The developed system consists of the following methods. Paper-based summary documents are scanned by a scanner using 300 dpi first. Noise and tilt of the image are reduced by pre-processing, and the table structures are identified. Characters in the table are recognized and converted to text data by the OCR engine. XML documents are automatically generated using obtained results. Results : In this paper, patient discharge summary documents archived at Mie University Hospital were used. The results show that XML documents can be automatically generated when standard tabular form documents are input into the developed system. In this experiment, it takes about 20 seconds to generate an XML document using the general personal computer. This paper also compares the developed system with a commercial product to discuss the effectiveness of the present system. Experimental results also show that the accuracy of table structure recognition is high and it can be used in a practical situation. Conclusions : This paper showed the effectiveness of the proposed method to recognize the tabular form document images to generate XML documents.
22
Turkyilmaz, Ilser, Neal S. Patel, and Edwin A. McGlumphy. "Oral Rehabilitation of a Severely Resorbed Edentulous Maxilla with Screwed-retained Hybrid Denture Using Cresco System: A Case Report." European Journal of Dentistry 02, no. 03 (July 2008): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697383.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTDue to the angulation of maxillary bone as the maxillary bone resorption occurs from a buccal to palatal direction, bucco-lingually tilted implant placement is more likely especially in the posterior maxilla. The aim of this paper was to present a case restored by using a maxillary hybrid denture using Cresco method. A 59-year-old woman with an edentulous maxilla and five missing mandibular teeth was referred for implant treatment. Six months after sinus lift operation, four mandibular implants and six maxillary implants were placed. Due to the bucco-lingual tilt of two implants, the Cresco method was chosen to fabricate the metal framework for the maxillary hybrid denture that was delivered four months after implant placement. The main advantages of the Cresco method are a perfectly passive framework fit and corrected screw access holes. All ten implants placed were considered successful at 1-year recall, and no screw access holes were seen in the buccal part of the maxillary acrylic teeth.It was concluded that such screw-retained maxillary hybrid denture using the Cresco method met the esthetic expectations of a highly demanding patient. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:220-223)
23
Gokce, Cumali, Yildiray Sisman, and Murat Sipahioglu. "Styloid Process Elongation or Eagle’s Syndrome: Is There Any Role for Ectopic Calcification?" European Journal of Dentistry 02, no. 03 (July 2008): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697384.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTDue to the angulation of maxillary bone as the maxillary bone resorption occurs from a buccal to palatal direction, bucco-lingually tilted implant placement is more likely especially in the posterior maxilla. The aim of this paper was to present a case restored by using a maxillary hybrid denture using Cresco method. A 59-year-old woman with an edentulous maxilla and five missing mandibular teeth was referred for implant treatment. Six months after sinus lift operation, four mandibular implants and six maxillary implants were placed. Due to the bucco-lingual tilt of two implants, the Cresco method was chosen to fabricate the metal framework for the maxillary hybrid denture that was delivered four months after implant placement. The main advantages of the Cresco method are a perfectly passive framework fit and corrected screw access holes. All ten implants placed were considered successful at 1-year recall, and no screw access holes were seen in the buccal part of the maxillary acrylic teeth.It was concluded that such screw-retained maxillary hybrid denture using the Cresco method met the esthetic expectations of a highly demanding patient. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:220-223)
24
Ferrier, R. P., and S. McVitie. "A new method for the observation of Type II magnetic contrast." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (August 1990): 764–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100176952.
Full textAbstract:
Type II magnetic contrast was first observed by Philibert and Tixier and relies on the change in the effective backscattering coefficient due to interaction of the scattered electrons within the specimen and the local magnetic induction (for a review see Tsuno). Depending on the tilt of the specimen and the position of the backscattered electron detector(s), contrast due to the presence of either or both domains and domain walls can be obtained; in the case of the latter, the standard geometry is for the specimen to be normal to the incident beam and the detectors are positioned above it and close to the optic axis. This is the geometry adopted in our studies, which used a JEOL 2000FX with a special split objective lens polepiece; this permitted the specimen to be in magnetic field-free space, the separate lens gaps above and below allowing good probe forming capabilities combined with excellent Lorentz imaging performance. A schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 1.
25
Sahu, Ramji. "Results of Minimally Invasive Bipolar Tenotomy of Congenital Muscular Torticollis." Revista Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología 60, no. 01 (February 21, 2019): 016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678574.
Full textAbstract:
Background Congenital muscular torticollis is the postural deformity of the head and of the neck. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the results of bipolar sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle tenotomy in children. Methods The present prospective study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery from December 2010 to December 2014. A total of 34 children with congenital muscular torticollis and a mean age of 4.8 years (range: 1–14 years) were recruited from the Outpatient Department. They were treated with bipolar SCM muscle release under general anesthesia. The functional and cosmetic results were rated on a scoring system modified from Lim et al (2014). All of the children were followed-up for 2 years. Results At the final follow-up, the neck range of movement and head tilt improved and their appearance were cosmetically improved despite the long-standing nature of the deformity. The results were excellent in 30 patients (88.23%) and good in 4 patients (11.76%). No postoperative complications were found in any of the 34 patients. Conclusion Bipolar tenotomy of the SCM muscle is a good method for correcting difficult cases of congenital muscular torticollis. It is a safe, effective and complication-free method for these patients.
26
Safitra, Arrad Ghani, Lohdy Diana, Denny Muhammad Agil, Julfan Hafiz Fareza, and Nu Rhahida Arini. "Thermal Analysis of Solar Air Heater with Ventilator Turbine and Fins." EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology 8, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24003/emitter.v8i2.584.
Full textAbstract:
Solar air heater (SAH) is a renewable energy application for the drying process. SAH has a challenge to produce high performance under uncertain weather. The performance of SAH can be enhanced by providing the absorber plate by adding the fins. This study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of SAH with rectangular fins SAH at low air velocity. This study compares the performance of SAH without fins and SAH with rectangular fins. Two variations of a tilt angle of SAH are 0° and 30° which are observed in this study. The SAH uses a ventilator turbine to suck air into the collector box. The air velocity is 0.01 m/s. The method is experimental. The SAH is tested under real condition from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The measurement tools consist of a pyranometer, an anemometer, a temperature sensor in the inlet section, 3 sensors in the absorber plate, a sensor in the outlet section, 6 temperature sensors in the drying cabinet. The result showed the thermal efficiency of SAH with rectangular fins is 29.67 % higher than SAH without fins at 0˚ tilt of angle at noon. The thermal efficiency of SAH with rectangular fins is 25.26 % higher than that of without fins at 30˚ tilt of angle at noon.
27
Katayama, N., M. A. Czarnecki, M. Satoh, T. Watanabe, and Y. Ozaki. "Asynchronous Time-Resolved FT-IR Study of the Dynamical Behavior of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal with a Tolane Ring." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 4 (April 1997): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971940756.
Full textAbstract:
Transient infrared spectra of a ferroelectric liquid crystal with a tolane ring, ( S)-4-methylhexyl-4-[4-(decyloxy)phenylethynyl]-2-fluorobenzate, in the smectic C phase have been measured under various temperatures and voltages by use of an asynchronous time-resolved FT-IR method. The effects of temperature and voltage on the rate and tilt angle of the electric field-induced reorientation of the molecule have been studied. The absolute values of the observed intensity changes and their sign during the switching can be explained by the static properties of the sample. The spectra obtained under the different experimental conditions suggest that the temperature and applied voltage alter the tilt angle and angular velocity of reorientation of the liquid crystal, respectively. Dominant infrared bands show very similar time-dependent intensity changes under various conditions, indicating that the whole molecule reorients simultaneously irrespective of temperature and the applied field strength as though the molecule were a rigid rod.
28
Salcedo-Bosch, Andreu, Francesc Rocadenbosch, Miguel A. Gutiérrez-Antuñano, and Jordi Tiana-Alsina. "Estimation of Wave Period from Pitch and Roll of a Lidar Buoy." Sensors 21, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041310.
Full textAbstract:
This work proposes a new wave-period estimation (L-dB) method based on the power-spectral-density (PSD) estimation of pitch and roll motional time series of a Doppler wind lidar buoy under the assumption of small angles (±22 deg) and slow yaw drifts (1 min), and the neglection of translational motion. We revisit the buoy’s simplified two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DoF) motional model and formulate the PSD associated with the eigenaxis tilt of the lidar buoy, which was modelled as a complex-number random process. From this, we present the L-dB method, which estimates the wave period as the average wavelength associated to the cutoff frequency span at which the spectral components drop off L decibels from the peak level. In the framework of the IJmuiden campaign (North Sea, 29 March–17 June 2015), the L-dB method is compared in reference to most common oceanographic wave-period estimation methods by using a TriaxysTM buoy. Parametric analysis showed good agreement (correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.86, root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 0.46 s, and mean difference, MD = 0.02 s) between the proposed L-dB method and the oceanographic zero-crossing method when the threshold L was set at 8 dB.
29
Tanaka, Keisuke. "X-ray measurement of triaxial residual stress on machined surfaces by the cosα method using a two-dimensional detector." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 1329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718011056.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the cosα method has attracted engineers as a new method of X-ray stress measurement using the whole Debye–Scherrer (D–S) ring recorded on a two-dimensional detector. The principle of the cosα method was first proposed by Taira, Tanaka & Yamasaki [J. Soc. Mater. Sci. Jpn, (1978),27, 251–256] for in-plane biaxial stress analysis and later extended by Sasaki and co-workers [Sasaki & Hirose (1995).Trans. Jpn Soc. Mech. Eng. Part A,61, 2288–2295; Sasaki, Takahashi, Sasaki & Kobayashi (2009).Trans. Jpn Soc. Mech. Eng. Part A,75, 219–227] to the triaxial state of stress. The method proposed by Sasaki and co-workers utilizes several D–S rings taken at different incident angles of X-rays in order to determine triaxial stresses. In the present paper, the cosα method was applied to measure triaxial residual stresses of uni-directionally machined surfaces of a carbon steel made by grinding, milling and planing. A recommended procedure for experimental measurements of in-plane normal and shear stresses and out-of-plane shear stress is proposed, together with a new method for determination of the out-of-plane normal stress. The tilt angle of X-ray incidence for stress determination is recommended to be larger than 35°, where the stress constant is low and the stress sensitivity is high. Normal incidence is recommended for the determination of out-of-plane shear stresses. The out-of-plane shear stress along the cutting direction was characteristic of uni-directionally machined surfaces and increased with cutting severity in the order of grinding, milling and planing. The in-plane normal stress was compressive for ground and milled surfaces, and the magnitude of compression was larger in the direction perpendicular to the cutting direction. On the basis of the stress values measured under different tilt angles, it is suggested that the magnitude of in-plane normal residual stress increases near the surface. The out-of-plane normal stress determined by the new method indicated a small compression.
30
Pan, M. "Practical Autotuning for Transmission Electron Microscopes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600020389.
Full textAbstract:
There are three main algorithms for autotuning a transmission electron microscope (TEM), (1) image variance method, (2) tilt-induced image shift (TIS) method, and (3) automated diffractogram analysis method (ADA). In practice, each method has its own advantages and limitations. Therefore it is necessary to obtain a comprehensive understanding of each in order to be able to select the most appropriate one(s).There are four key elements in any TEM autotuning setup, (1) microscope control by an external computer, for example via the standard RS232 serial port; (2) proper image acquisition device, for example a TV or a slow-scan CCD camera; (3) appropriate software for image analysis, processing, and optimization; (4) a fast computer that is the central control unit in the setup and dictates all the activities and operations.
31
Zhang, Bao Long, and Jing Yun Wang. "Design of High-Resolution FPD System Based on Doglegged Sampling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.93.
Full textAbstract:
For the shortcomings of methods used to improve the image spatial resolution of current linear charge coupled device (CCD) FPD System, a new sampling method is proposed, and a high-resolution FPD System is designed. Two same linear CCD cameras arc fixed with specific spatial arrangement, namely both camera 1 and camera 2's CCD scan the object with a tilt angle B, and image correction and pixel interpolation arc also used for getting high-resolution image. The experimental results show that, compared with the regular scanning mode equipped with a signal camera and =0¡ã, in our method cameras with slant angle =60¡ãenables the image spatial resolution doubled, and keeps the field of view unchanging. It is easy to realize the designed system in engineering, very economical and convenient to maintain it, and only using the existing imaging device to obtain higher-resolution images.
32
Edmonds, P. D., and L. E. Cram. "A Search for Non-Radial Oscillations on Late-Type Stars." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 8, no. 2 (1989): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000023201.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe detection of non-radial oscillations on late-type dwarf stars may require the measurement of Doppler shifts of order 10 cm s−1. We report observations using the coudé echelle spectrograph of the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope which reveal a noise level in a 1 minute integration about a factor of one hundred greater than this. We then discuss a method of imposing a set of stable reference features on stellar spectra to permit Doppler measurements of the required accuracy. The method exploits a voltage-tuned solid Fabry-Perot interferometer whose passbands are fixed by a servo-control system to the light from a HeNe laser whose frequency is polarization-stablized. The desired wavelength stability demands careful control of the voltage, temperature and tilt of the etalon.
33
Avan, Paul, Hervé Normand, Fabrice Giraudet, Grégory Gerenton, and Pierre Denise. "Noninvasive in-ear monitoring of intracranial pressure during microgravity in parabolic flights." Journal of Applied Physiology 125, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00032.2018.
Full textAbstract:
Among possible causes of visual impairment or headache experienced by astronauts in microgravity or postflight and that hamper their performance, elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) has been invoked but never measured for lack of noninvasive methods. The goal of this work was to test two noninvasive methods of ICP monitoring using in-ear detectors of ICP-dependent auditory responses, acoustic and electric, in acute microgravity afforded by parabolic flights. The devices detecting these responses were handheld tablets routinely used in otolaryngology for hearing diagnosis, which were customized for ICP extraction and serviceable by unskilled operators. These methods had been previously validated against invasive ICP measurements in neurosurgery patients. The two methods concurred in their estimation of ICP changes with microgravity, i.e., 11.0 ± 7.7 mmHg for the acoustic method ( n = 7 subjects with valid results out of 30, auditory responses being masked by excessive in-flight noise in 23 subjects) and 11.3 ± 10.6 mmHg for the electric method ( n = 10 subjects with valid results out of 10 tested despite the in-flight noise). These results agree with recent publications using invasive access to cerebrospinal fluid in parabolic flights and suggest that acute microgravity has a moderate average effect on ICP, similar to body tilt from upright to supine, yet with some subjects undergoing large effects whereas others seem immune. The electric in-ear method would be suitable for ICP monitoring in circumstances and with subjects such that invasive measurements are excluded. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In-ear detectors of intracranial pressure-dependent auditory responses allow intracranial pressure to be monitored noninvasively during acute microgravity. The average pressure increase during 20-s long sessions in microgravity is 11 mmHg, comparable with an effect of body tilt. However, intersubject variability is large, with subjects who repeatedly experience from nothing to twice the average effect. A systematic in-flight use would allow the relationship between space adaptation syndrome and ICP to be established or dismissed.
34
Graham, Jack G., Sreeram Penna, Daniel Fletcher, Moody Kwok, Daren J. Aita, T. Robert Takei, and Pedro K. Beredjiklian. "Outcomes of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Bilateral Fractures of the Distal Radius." Journal of Hand and Microsurgery 11, no. 02 (May 26, 2019): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688512.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Bilateral distal radius fracture (DRF) is an uncommon injury. We described the outcomes of 10 consecutive cases of bilateral DRF treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) at our institution. Materials and Methods We retrospectively searched our electronic medical records data for all patients 18 years of age or older treated surgically for bilateral DRF over a 6-year period (2011–2016). Patient demographics, fracture classification, fixation method, postoperative complications, QuickDASH (Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) questionnaire scores, wrist range of motion (ROM), and radiographic measurements of X-rays at final follow-up were collected and analyzed. Results Ten patients (8 women; 2 men; mean age: 63 years) with 20 fractures were assessed. A volar approach for ORIF was used in 90% of cases. Six of 20 (30%) wrists experienced postoperative complications and required hardware removal. Mean QuickDASH score was 24.8 at final follow-up. On average, ROM reached 58-degree extension, 52-degree flexion, 75-degree pronation, and 75-degree supination. Mean measurements of radial shortening, radial inclination, and volar tilt taken from final postoperative radiographs were 1.3 mm, 21.2 degrees, and 7.8 degrees, respectively. Conclusion In bilateral DRF treated with concomitant ORIF, functional outcomes, recovery of wrist ROM, and restoration of radiographic parameters are comparable to those seen in patients with ipsilateral DRF.
35
Liu, Chun Bo, and An Biao Wang. "Numerical Analysis of the Liquid Crystalline Backflow-Driven Effect under a Continuous Square Wave Electric Field." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.675.
Full textAbstract:
In order to broaden the application range of liquid crystals, a new microfluidic drive and control method is proposed. Through a simulation model construction that links the plate motion and the liquid crystal backflow, we can study the coupling of the internal alignment and velocity fields of the liquid crystal in the model. On applying a continuous square wave electric field, the upper plate of the cell can be driven to move continuously, and the moving state can be related to the structure of the cell. When the gap between the two plates was 50 μm, the range of the change of tilt angle at the center of the cell was 6090°, and the induced backflow velocity profile was an S-shape. When the gap was 110 μm, because of the influence of the kickback effect, the range changed to 90100°, and the velocity profile was a double S-shape.
36
Operto, Stéphane, Jean Virieux, A. Ribodetti, and J. E. Anderson. "Finite-difference frequency-domain modeling of viscoacoustic wave propagation in 2D tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 5 (September 2009): T75—T95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3157243.
Full textAbstract:
A 2D finite-difference, frequency-domain method was developed for modeling viscoacoustic seismic waves in transversely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis. The medium is parameterized by the P-wave velocity on the symmetry axis, the density, the attenuation factor, Thomsen’s anisotropic parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and the tilt angle. The finite-difference discretization relies on a parsimonious mixed-grid approach that designs accurate yet spatially compact stencils. The system of linear equations resulting from discretizing the time-harmonic wave equation is solved with a parallel direct solver that computes monochromatic wavefields efficiently for many sources. Dispersion analysis shows that four grid points per P-wavelength provide sufficiently accurate solutions in homogeneous media. The absorbing boundary conditions are perfectly matched layers (PMLs). The kinematic and dynamic accuracy of the method wasassessed with several synthetic examples which illustrate the propagation of S-waves excited at the source or at seismic discontinuities when [Formula: see text]. In frequency-domain modeling with absorbing boundary conditions, the unstable S-wave mode is not excited when [Formula: see text], allowing stable simulations of the P-wave mode for such anisotropic media. Some S-wave instabilities are seen in the PMLs when the symmetry axis is tilted and [Formula: see text]. These instabilities are consistent with previous theoretical analyses of PMLs in anisotropic media; they are removed if the grid interval is matched to the P-wavelength that leads to dispersive S-waves. Comparisons between seismograms computed with the frequency-domain acoustic TTI method and a finite-difference, time-domain method for the vertical transversely isotropic elastic equation show good agreement for weak to moderate anisotropy. This suggests the method can be used as a forward problem for viscoacoustic anisotropic full-waveform inversion.
37
Vasilevich, S. V., and T. G. Gaiduk. "Assessment of the effect of stretching the muscles posterior thigh and shin onthe intensity of cervicalgia and patient′s posture." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2020-3-7-15.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The human body is a single system of interconnected organs that are connected not only anatomically, but also functionally. The most extensive fascial-muscular associations are called «anatomical trains» (the concept of Thomas Myers), the impact on which can cause changes at a significant distance from the point of application of force. The available literature describes the effect of stretching hamstrings (an important component of the «surface posterior muscle band») on changes in the function of the temporomandibular joint, lumbodynia, mobility of the lumbosacral spine and hip joints. However, the values of stretching hamstings on human posture and reducing cervicalgia were not evaluated.The goal of research — investigate the effect of active isolated stretching of the muscles posterior thigh and shin on the intensity of cervicalgia and patient posture.Materials and methods. The material for this work is the results of observation of 17 patients aged 15–17 years with cervicalgia of various genesis, who are under inpatient treatment for spinal deformities with a distinct increase in the severity of thoracic physiological kyphosis (juvenile osteochondrosis, dysplastic kyphoscoliosis, cervical spine dysplasia, etc.). Patients performed daily physical exercises for 12 days with active isolated stretching of the muscles of the posterior surface of the thigh and lower leg (according to the concept of Thomas Myers — «surface posterior muscle band»). The orthopedic status and clinical condition of patients were evaluated. Instrumental diagnostics was performed by the method of topography of optical deformities of the spine (TODS) (Novosibirsk, «Medical topographic systems» — LLC «METOS»), as well as using a standard tablet computer with a software application (patent RU 2638644) «Smart-Ortho 2D» for Android. The intensity of pain in the cervical spine was assessed by the doctor using a dynamometer-algometer, as well as by the patients themselves on the VAS scale.Results. During the initial clinical examination, 14 out of 17 (or 82 % of cases) observed patients with complaints of cervicalgia registered femoral-lumbar rigidity. It was most pronounced in the limitations of the Tomayer test (the forward tilt of the torso). In 15 patients (88 %), the value of thoracic physiological kyphosis exceeded the norm (20–23 mm according to TODS data) by 6–43 mm. Active isolated stretching of the posterior thigh and lower leg muscles resulted in complete elimination of pain syndrome in all patients in the study group. With regard to kyphotic posture, we note that these therapeutic measures did not cause significant changes in the parameters of the sagittal profile of the vertebral column, but there was a clear trend to reduce the severity of thoracic kyphosis with simultaneous deepening of lumbar lordosis. The angle of the anterior pelvic tilt changed (increased) according to the TODS data. The Tomayer test began to approach the norm in 12 people (70,5 %).Conclusion. The use of active isolated exercises aimed at stretching the «surface posterior muscle band» in the observed group of patients contributed to the complete relief of pain in 100 % of cases. At the same time, these therapeutic measures did not have a significant effect on the severity of physiological sagittal bends and pelvic tilt. The results of clinical observation of patients with cervicalgia of various genesis, being treated and using a set of exercises with active isolated stretching of muscles posterior thigh and shin, make it possible to recommend this complex for using. The simplicity of the exercises does not cause any difficulties in performing, which makes it understandable and accessible for general prophylaxis.
38
Rantala, Leena M., Suvi Hakala, Sofia Holmqvist, and Eeva Sala. "Classroom Noise and Teachers' Voice Production." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 58, no. 5 (October 2015): 1397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-s-14-0248.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The aim of this study was to research the associations between noise (ambient and activity noise) and objective metrics of teachers' voices in real working environments (i.e., classrooms). Method Thirty-two female and 8 male teachers from 14 elementary schools were randomly selected for the study. Ambient noise was measured during breaks in unoccupied classrooms and, likewise, the noise caused by pupils' activity during lessons. Voice samples were recorded before and after a working day. Voice variables measured were sound pressure level (voice SPL), fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and the tilt of the sound spectrum slope (alpha ratio). Results The ambient noise correlated most often with the fundamental frequency of men and voice SPL, whereas activity noise correlated with the alpha ratio and perturbation values. Teachers working in louder ambient noise spoke more loudly before work than those working in lower noise levels. Voice variables generally changed less during work among teachers working in loud activity noise than among those working in lower noise levels. Conclusions Ambient and activity noises affect teachers' voice use. Under loud ambient noise teachers seem to speak habitually loudly, and under loud activity noise teachers' ability to react to loading deteriorates.
39
Clark, James A., Kevin M. Befus, Thomas S. Hooyer, Peter W. Stewart, Taylor D. Shipman, Chris T. Gregory, and Deborah J. Zylstra. "Numerical simulation of the paleohydrology of glacial Lake Oshkosh, eastern Wisconsin, USA." Quaternary Research 69, no. 1 (January 2008): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.10.003.
Full textAbstract:
Proglacial lakes, formed during retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet, evolved quickly as outlets became ice-free and the earth deformed through glacial isostatic adjustment. With high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and GIS methods, it is possible to reconstruct the evolution of surface hydrology. When a DEM deforms through time as predicted by our model of viscoelastic earth relaxation, the entire surface hydrologic system with its lakes, outlets, shorelines and rivers also evolves without requiring assumptions of outlet position. The method is applied to proglacial Lake Oshkosh in Wisconsin (13,600 to 12,900 cal yr BP). Comparison of predicted to observed shoreline tilt indicates the ice sheet was about 400 m thick over the Great Lakes region. During ice sheet recession, each of the five outlets are predicted to uplift more than 100 m and then subside approximately 30 m. At its maximum extent, Lake Oshkosh covered 6600 km2 with a volume of 111 km3. Using the Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System model, flow velocities during glacial outburst floods up to 9 m/s and peak discharge of 140,000 m3/s are predicted, which could drain 33.5 km3 of lake water in 10 days and transport boulders up to 3 m in diameter.
40
Dhakal, Y., B. Bhattarai, S. Khatiwada, and A. Subedi. "Effect of Positive Airway Pressure During Preoxygenation on Safe Apnea Period: a comparison of the supine and 25° head up position." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 18, no. 2 (December 6, 2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v18i2.33258.
Full textAbstract:
Background Preoxygenation is performed before induction of anaesthesia which increases oxygen reserve and provides delayed onset of hypoxia during period of apnea. Several techniques such as positive airway pressure and head-up tilt during preoxygenation have shown to prolong safe apnea period compared to conventional technique. However, uniform recommendations have not yet been made.
Objective To find out the effect of combination of 5 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and 25° head up position during preoxygenation on safe apnea period.
Method In this comparative study 60 non-obese adult patients were divided into three equal groups; Group C receiving preoxygenation in conventional technique, Group S receiving preoxygenation with 5 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure in supine position and Group H receiving preoxygenation in 25° head-up position with 5 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure . After 3 min of preoxygenation, intubation was performed after induction of anaesthesia with propofol, fentanyl and succinylcholine. After confirming the tracheal intubation by direct visualization, all patients were administered vecuronium to maintain neuromuscular blockade. Post-intubation, patients in all groups were left in same position with the tracheal tube exposed to atmosphere and without being ventilated till the SpO2 dropped to 92%. The primary outcome compared between the groups was the safe apnea period (time from loss of consciousness to fall of SpO2 to 92%).
Result The duration of safe apnea period was longer (p < 0.05) in Group H patients (405.9 ± 106.69 s) as compared to the Group C (296.9 ± 99.01s) and Group S (319.65 ± 71.54s). Although the duration of safe apnea period was longer in the Group S as compared to Group C the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion Preoxygenation in 25° head-up position with 5 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure significantly prolongs safe apnea period in non-obese adults compared to supine position, with or without 5 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure.
41
Grant, Richard H., and Rex A. Omonode. "Estimation of nocturnal CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O soil emissions from changes in surface boundary layer mass storage." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 4 (April 12, 2018): 2119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2119-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Annual budgets of greenhouse and other trace gases require knowledge of the emissions throughout the year. Unfortunately, emissions into the surface boundary layer during stable, calm nocturnal periods are not measurable using most micrometeorological methods due to non-stationarity and uncoupled flow. However, during nocturnal periods with very light winds, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) frequently accumulate near the surface and this mass accumulation can be used to determine emissions. Gas concentrations were measured at four heights (one within and three above canopy) and turbulence was measured at three heights above a mature 2.5 m maize canopy from 23 July to 10 September 2015. Nocturnal CO2 and N2O fluxes from the canopy were determined using the accumulation of mass within a 6.3 m control volume and out the top of the control volume within the nocturnal surface boundary layer. Diffusive fluxes were estimated by flux gradient method. The total accumulative and diffusive fluxes during near-calm nights (friction velocities < 0.05 ms−1) averaged 1.16 µmol m−2 s−1 CO2 and 0.53 nmol m−2 s−1 N2O. Fluxes were also measured using chambers. Daily mean CO2 fluxes determined by the accumulation method were 90 to 130 % of those determined using soil chambers. Daily mean N2O fluxes determined by the accumulation method were 60 to 80 % of that determined using soil chambers. The better signal-to-noise ratios of the chamber method for CO2 over N2O, non-stationary flow, assumed Schmidt numbers, and anemometer tilt were likely contributing reasons for the differences in chambers versus accumulated nocturnal mass flux estimates. Near-surface N2O accumulative flux measurements in more homogeneous regions and with greater depth are needed to confirm the conclusion that mass accumulation can be effectively used to estimate soil emissions during nearly calm nights.
42
Prakash, Mahesh, Paul W. Cleary, and John A. Taylor. "SPH Modeling of the Effect of Crucible Tipping Rate on Oxide Formation." Materials Science Forum 693 (July 2011): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.693.54.
Full textAbstract:
When hot molten aluminium is poured into a furnace from crucibles, oxide is generated due to the interaction of the liquid metal with the surrounding air. The amount of oxide produced is a function of several factors including the rate at which the crucible is tilted, the height of the crucible in relation to the furnace position and the location of the pivot of rotation. In this paper we evaluate the effect of crucible tilting rate on oxide formation for an industrial scale crucible and furnace setup. The mesh free Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used for modelling the metal flow and oxide prediction. The model predicts rapid oxidation rates during periods of energetic fluid motion on freshly exposed metal surface and lower oxidation rates as oxide thickness increases. Four crucible rotation rates typical of normal operating conditions in a smelter are evaluated. The simulations showed that oxide generated due to fresh free surface created from a falling stream makes only a limited contribution to the overall oxide generated for the time scales of interest in this study. The secondary flows observed in the furnace make a significant contribution to the overall oxide generated. The rate of oxidation decreases and eventually ceases at a sufficiently long time when there is no disruption to the protective oxide skin. There is a 75% increase in oxide generated for the highest tilt rate (crucible emptied in 40 s) compared with the lowest tilt rate (emptied in 2.0 min).
43
Gratl, H., and J. Pfleiderer. "SN 1987A Deconvolved by Mim." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 155 (1993): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900172006.
Full textAbstract:
Modelling of PNs from blurred images, as from the Hubble Space Telescope, needs good deconvolution, and the better that is, the more reliable are the results. As an example, we have MIM-deconvolved the HST image of SN 1987A taken in August 1990 by the FOC in [O III] λ5007 Å (F501N). MIM (minimum information method) is a linear deconvolution method with a local smoothness constraint (Pfleiderer 1991). Our results are similar to those already published (Jakobson et al. 1991, Panagia et al. 1991) but we were able to decrease some of the uncertainties. The ring, centered on the SN, has diameter 1680 ± 20 mas (≡ 1.3 ly) and tilt 44.5°±1.5° (Fig 1.). The lumps deviate from the ellipse by up to ≤ 0.05 ly, the ratio of brightest to faintest knots being ≈ 10 (Fig.3). The SN is resolved (Fig.2), being not a uniformly illuminated disk but brighter in the center. Its FWHM is 100 ± 10 mas, i.e. an average expansion velocity since the explosion of v ≈ 3 500 km s−1.
44
Furman, Joseph M. R., Robert H. Schor, and Timothy L. Schumann. "Off-Vertical Axis Rotation: A Test of the Otolith-Ocular Reflex." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 8 (August 1992): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210100803.
Full textAbstract:
The vestibulo-ocular reflex was studied via off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) in the dark. The axis of the turntable could be tilted from vertical by up to 30°. Eye movements were measured with electro-oculography. Results from healthy asymptomatic subjects indicated that 1) a reliable otolith-induced response could be obtained during constant velocity OVAR using a velocity of 60°/s with a tilt of 30°; 2) constant velocity OVAR rotation was nausea-producing and, especially if subjects were rotated in the dark about an earth-vertical axis prior to being tilted, disorienting; and 3) sinusoidal OVAR produced minimal nausea; the eye movement response appeared to be the result of a combination of semicircular canal and otolith components. We conclude that OVAR has the potential of becoming a useful method for clinically assessing both the otolith-ocular reflex and semicircular canal—otolith interaction.
45
Wang, Yuan, Zhiwei Li, Jianhua Geng, Qingyu You, Tianyao Hao, Yaoxing Hu, Chunlei Zhao, Yan Zhang, and Yuzhu Liu. "Seismic imaging of S-wave structures of shallow sediments in the East China Sea using OBN multicomponent Scholte-wave data." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 6 (October 21, 2020): EN87—EN104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0639.1.
Full textAbstract:
The shear-wave (S-wave) structures of shallow marine sediments are important for offshore geotechnical studies, deep crustal S-wave imaging, multicomponent seismic exploration, and underwater acoustics studies. We have applied the multicomponent Scholte-wave analysis technique to an active-source shallow marine seismic profile in the East China Sea. Scholte waves have been excited by shots from a 5450 inch3 air-gun array and their recordings have been conducted at the seafloor using ocean bottom nodes (OBNs). First, we extract the common-receiver gathers (CRGs) and correct for the time drift simultaneously using a forward and inverse fast Fourier transform resampling algorithm. Three CRGs of seismic sensors are used for Scholte-wave analysis. Raw sensor CRGs are rotated to the inline, crossline, and vertical coordinate system. The rotated tilt and roll angle are directed using the inner electric compass log value, and the shot inline azimuth is estimated using the particle motion method. Then, the velocity spectra are calculated from the inline and vertical components using the phase-shift method. Higher Scholte-wave modes dominate on the horizontal components, whereas the stronger fundamental mode dominates on the vertical components. The multicomponent velocity spectrum stacking method is adopted to produce the final dispersion energy image. Up to four modes of dispersion curves are retrieved within the 1.1–4.3 Hz frequency band. The multimode dispersion curve inversion is constructed for imaging the shallow sediments. The results suggest a low [Formula: see text] of 180–650 m/s and few lateral variations within the top 0.5 km of shallow marine sediments in the East China Sea. This model can provide an important reference for offshore geotechnical investigations, especially for OBN multicomponent seismic exploration data processing. The use of OBNs has high feasibility in [Formula: see text] imaging for shallow marine sediments when combined with the Scholte-wave dispersion-curve inversion.
46
O'Sullivan, N., and B. Ward. "Mapping flow distortion on oceanographic platforms using computational fluid dynamics." Ocean Science Discussions 9, no. 6 (November 9, 2012): 3485–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-9-3485-2012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Ocean-Atmosphere Fluxes Eddy correlation (EC) is the most direct method to measure fluxes of trace gases over the Earth's surface. In its simplest form, an EC setup consists of a gas sensor and a sonic anemometer. EC is commonly used on land, but its adaptation at sea has proven difficult because of the marine environment, the motion of the research platform (ship or buoy), and flow distortion. Flow distortion occurs when streamlines circumvent the research platform, which may lead to significant errors in the calculation of the gas transfer velocity. This paper uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the errors in wind speed measurements caused by flow distortion on the R/V Celtic Explorer. Numerical measurements were obtained from the finite volume CFD code OpenFOAM, which was used to simulate the velocity fields. This was done over a range of orientations in the test domain from −60° to +60°, in increments of 10°. The simulation was also set up for a range of velocities, ranging from 5 m s−1 to 25 m s−1 in increments of 0.5 m s−1 The numerical analysis showed close agreement to experimental measurements to within a 12% mean difference prediction of flow distortion effects. Other aspects resulting from flow distortion that were investigated using the CFD tools included development of a correction method for flow distortion effects for in situ wind speed measurements; analysis of ideal positioning of anemometers; vertical tilt orientation of the vessel to inflow; meteorological mast design; and mast instrumentation setups.
47
Erlandsen, Stanley L., Carol L. Wells, Stephen B. Olmsted, ArDean Leith, and Michael Marko. "Application of the Sterecon System for the Determination of Area, Volume, and Linear Distance of Cell Surface Topography of Secondary and Backscatter Electron Stereoscopic Images in Low-Voltage Field Emission SEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100131231.
Full textAbstract:
Extraction of quantitative information on surface topography in SEM can.be accomplished with, stereoscopic visual parallaxes. This method has received little attention in the last decade and to our knowledge has not been applied to high resolution secondary or backscatter electron images from field emission SEM. The STERECON system was developed for 3-D reconstruction of cells from stereo images obtained by high voltage EM. The present study describes the application of STERECON to quantitative determination of volume, surface area, and linear distance of topographical features in high resolution SEM.Trophozoites of the free-living protozoan, Hexamita inflata, and two bacterial species (Proteus mirabilus and Enterococcus faecalis) were fixed in 2.5-3.0% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in ethanol, critical point dried in CO2, and coated with about 1 nm of platinum before examination at low kV (<4.0) in a Hitachi S-900 field emission SEM equipped with secondary (Se) and backscatter (YAG scintillator) detectors and photographed on Polaroid type 52 film using a stereo tilt of 8°.
48
Mallal, Youssef, Lhoussain El Bahir, and Touria Hassboun. "High-Performance Emulator for Fixed Photovoltaic Panels." International Journal of Photoenergy 2019 (October 14, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3951841.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the design and implementation of a photovoltaic emulator, based on an accurate mathematical model of a photovoltaic panel, instead of the look-up table method. The latter requires more memory for increasing accuracy and considering all the desired environmental situations. Furthermore, the proposed approach takes into account the incidence solar angle, as an input parameter, to offer the possibility of evaluating daily losses for different values of tilt angle. The validation of the proposed emulator is carried out by comparing in real-time, both the studied panel output and the emulator output, under variable load, temperature, and irradiation levels. The emulator is able to operate online with connected solar radiation and temperature sensors or offline with recorded measurement vectors. The practical tests were performed on a prototype designed using a MATLAB C MEX S-function, dSPACE board 1104, and a controlled DC/DC converter. The results showed that the emulator was able to behave accurately as the studied photovoltaic panel.
49
Wang, Zhi, Tao Yu, Ya Zhao, Ziren Luo, Wei Sha, Chao Fang, Yukun Wang, et al. "Research on Telescope TTL Coupling Noise in Intersatellite Laser Interferometry." Photonic Sensors 10, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-019-0574-5.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe detection mission of gravitational waves in space is that the accuracy of the long-baseline intersatellite laser interferometry on the million-kilometer order needs to reach the order of $$8 \rm{pm}/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$$8pm/Hz. Among all noise sources that affect the interferometry accuracy, tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling noise is the second largest source of noise after shot noise. This paper focuses on studying the contribution of TTL coupling noise of the telescope system in the intersatellite scientific interferometer. By referring to the laser interferometer space antenna (LISA)’s noise budget, TTL coupling noise is required to be within ±25μm/rad (±300μrad). Therefore, this paper focuses on studying both the mechanism of TTL coupling noise due to the noise sources of the telescope and the method of suppressing the TTL noise, which can lay a foundation for noise distribution and the development of engineering prototypes in subsequent tasks.
50
Brychta, Robert J., Richard Shiavi, David Robertson, Italo Biaggioni, and André Diedrich. "A simplified two-component model of blood pressure fluctuation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 292, no. 2 (February 2007): H1193—H1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00645.2006.
Full textAbstract:
We propose a simple moving-average (MA) model that uses the low-frequency (LF) component of the peroneal muscle sympathetic nerve spike rate (LFspike rate) and the high-frequency (HF) component of respiration (HFResp) to describe the LF neurovascular fluctuations and the HF mechanical oscillations in systolic blood pressure (SBP), respectively. This method was validated by data from eight healthy subjects (23–47 yr old, 6 male, 2 female) during a graded tilt (15° increments every 5 min to a 60° angle). The LF component of SBP (LFSBP) had a strong baroreflex-mediated feedback correlation with LFspike rate ( r = −0.69 ± 0.05) and also a strong feedforward relation to LFspike rate [ r = 0.58 ± 0.03 with LFSBP delay (τ) = 5.625 ± 0.15 s]. The HF components of spike rate (HFspike rate) and SBP (HFSBP) were not significantly correlated. Conversely, HFResp and HFSBP were highly correlated ( r = −0.79 ± 0.04), whereas LFResp and LFSBP were significantly less correlated ( r = 0.45 ± 0.08). The mean correlation coefficients between the measured and model-predicted LFSBP ( r = 0.74 ± 0.03) in the supine position did not change significantly during tilt. The mean correlation between the measured and model-predicted HFSBP was 0.89 ± 0.02 in the supine position. R2 values for the regression analysis of the model-predicted and measured LF and HF powers indicate that 78 and 91% of the variability in power can be explained by the linear relation of LFspike rate to LFSBP and HFResp to HFSBP. We report a simple two-component model using neural sympathetic and mechanical respiratory inputs that can explain the majority of blood pressure fluctuation at rest and during orthostatic stress in healthy subjects.