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Stites, Lauren J. "Children's Developing Understanding of Spatial Metaphors for Time." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/89.
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Adults commonly use spatial motion to talk about time. These metaphors are of at least three different types: moving-time, moving-ego, and sequence-as-relative-position-on-a-path. But when children grasp the meaning of spatial metaphors for time and what cognitive factors account for this understanding? In this study, we aim to answer these questions by studying young children’s comprehension of three different spatial metaphors for time. Our findings show that children begin to understand metaphors for time by age five and to explain the meaning of these different metaphors by age 6. Additionally, children’s comprehension varied by metaphor type, with moving-time and moving-ego metaphors being mastered earlier than sequence-as-relative-position-on-a-path metaphors. Moreover, we found children’s comprehension ability to be associated with their understanding of the time concept. Overall, these results suggest that comprehension of time metaphors is an early emerging linguistic ability that has strong ties to children’s cognitive understanding of the time concept.
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Rehn, Johanna. "Metaphors of Time : Mortality and Transience in Shakespeare's Sonnets." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Culture and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2724.
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<p>This essay is about metaphors of time, mortality and transience in William Shakespeare’ssonnets. Exploring these metaphors, I examine sonnets nr. 60, 64 and 65 more closely, since Ithink they are particularly representative as regards the metaphors of time. Unlike the rest ofthe sonnets, these three deal with the subject throughout the sonnets, focusing on theinevitable degeneration of material things. The image of time in the sonnets is depicted in avaried way constructed by several metaphors that add to the depth and paint imagesinfluenced by the beliefs and knowledge of Shakespeare’s time. I put these images in relationto the English Renaissance and its concepts of time using sources from, for example, JohnSpencer Hill, Katherine Duncan-Jones and Dympna Callaghan, who all have made their ownanalyses of Shakespeare’s sonnets. In my close reading of the sonnets I analyse the variousmetaphors Shakespeare uses to make us experience the passage of time as in, for example,sonnet number 60, where the ongoing passage of time is described in a cyclical way by theuse of the metaphor of the waves rolling in and out of a pebbled shore. In a repetitive way thewaves are in constant motion. We can recognise ourselves as being the pebbles, affected bythe constant motion in our lives, slowly turning into sand by time’s cruel hand.</p>
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Tonkin, Christopher Tonkin Christopher Tonkin Christopher. "Compositional metaphors of space and perspective /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF formate. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3266845.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.<br>Vita. Discusses the composer's use of the metaphors of space and perspective in his works, IN and Headspaces, the scores for which are included in the dissertation.
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Hamdi, Sondes. "Conceptual metaphors of time in English and in Arabic : a comparative cognitive study." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25428/25428.pdf.
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Noël, Daniel A. "Metaphysics through metaphors, towards an understanding of time in psychology with William James's Principles of psychology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39218.pdf.
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Eweida, Sara. "The realization of time metaphors and the cultural implications : An analysis of the Quran and English Quranic translations." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6853.
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<p>The aims of this paper were to contrast English usages of 'time' metaphors with Quranic Arabic realizations and their representations in three English Quranic translations. Three noted translations of the Quran were used, namely, those done by, Pickthall, Yusuf Ali and Asad ('Quran Search,' 2007). Using the cognitive theory of metaphor as a framework (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980), these translations were examined and contrasted, in order to distinguish the version that corresponded the most accurately with the conceptual metaphors found in both languages. If the examined conceptual metaphor was not realized in either language, changes to the meaning of the Quran were taken into consideration. Finally, historical, social and religious aspects were examined in order to determine the cause of certain conceptual metaphor realizations in both or one of the languages.</p><p>Materials taken from Lakoff & Johnson (1980b), Lakoff (1994), Kövecses (2002), and Kövecses (2006) gave insight into the social-historical reasons behind the metaphor realizations in English while Quranic references and hadiths, or Prophetic narrations, were considered when examining the Quran.</p><p>Two conceptual metaphors were tentatively concluded to be universal and two other metaphors were realized differently on the basis of differing cultural values. Culture in this context referred to the 'mental representations' of certain phenomena of a culture through the language (Kövecses, 2006, p.135).</p><p>The translations done by Yusuf Ali and Pickthall were considered to be more literal and thus more accurate renderings of metaphors in the Quran, within the cognitive theory of metaphor framework, while Asad's translations were considered to be less accurate, containing, on the whole, more paraphrasing and individual interpretation. It was pointed out, however, that this is a sample study that cannot entirely represent the complete works of the authors mentioned. It was suggested that more studies need to be conducted in order to conclusively establish these findings.</p>
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Zhang, Qiu Jun. "How Chinese - English Bilinguals Think About Time : The Effects of Language on Space-Time Mappings." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för tvåspråkighetsforskning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-184684.
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The last decades have witnessed the resurgence of research on linguistic relativity, which provides empirical evidence of possible language effects on thought across various perceptual domains. This study investigated the linguistic relativity hypothesis in the abstract domain of time by looking at how L1 Chinese - L2 English bilinguals conceptualize time in two-dimensional space. English primarily relies on horizontal spatial items to talk about time (e.g., back to youth); in addition to horizontal spatial metaphors (e.g., ‘front year’), Chinese speakers also commonly use vertical metaphors to describe time (e.g., ‘up week’). If language has an effect on thought, then spatial-temporal metaphors should shape people’s temporal cognition. In this study, we examined whether spatial-temporal metaphors impact online processing of time and long-term habitual thinking about time. Experiment 1 showed that bilinguals could automatically access the timeline which corresponded to the immediate linguistic context. In Experiment 2, a majority of bilinguals demonstrated salient vertical bias for temporal reasoning, whereas a small number of participants relied on the horizontal axis to represent time. The dominant thinking patterns for time documented here (65% prefer a vertical representation of time; 35% horizontal) run counter to the fact that horizontal metaphors are twice as common in Chinese as vertical metaphors. Further, it was found that bilinguals who used English more frequently were more likely to have a less vertical bias, which suggested a role of L2 experience in conceptual representations. Taken together, the evidence in this study showed that spatial-temporal metaphors have both short-term and long-term effects on mental representations of time, but also that space-time mappings do not depend solely on linguistic factors.
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Matthews, Jamie. ""Seeing is believing" : A visual communication approach to Climate Change, through the Extreme Ice Survey." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29931.
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Communication plays a fundamental role in shaping our understanding of complex issues such as climate change. Too often scientists and journalists complain that the public does not fully comprehend climate change as they cannot see it. Adhering to calls for a need to propel away from media representations of climate change to a focus on more case-specific research, this Master Thesis analyses the aspect of visualisation within climate change communication with a focus on a contemporary example, the Extreme Ice Survey (EIS), as a case-specific study. EIS give a visual voice to our planets changing eco-systems, where an emphasis is placed on visually documenting the adverse effects climate change has on the planets glaciers, through conventional photography and time-lapse photography. Adhering to the need for further studies of visual representations towards the environment this thesis deploys an image analysis to investigate how meaning is framed through the EIS’s photographs and time-lapse videos. A collective reading between the photographs and their accompanying written captions highlighted contradictive frames of beauty and uncertainty. Additionally, as climate change is predominately seen as an abstract entity, a metaphor analysis was also applied to open further frames of thought into more comprehensible understandings. Integrating both still images and moving images into the study provided different results. Time-lapse videos were analysed to open up new developments of seeing and to extract potential frames of unfolding narratives, perspective and time.
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Aley, Eric Brian. "Real-time metaphorical visualization of multi-dimensional environmental data." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3913.
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This research explores the process of reformulating multiple data sets into metaphorical
representations. The representations must coherently intertwine into a multi-level
metaphor that constrains their forms. A working installation has been created, using the
natural environment as a metaphor for the built environment. Numerical measurements
of weather conditions inside of Texas A&MÂs Langford architectural building are
translated into visual metaphors that map to the weather conditions of a landscape. The
state of the building is visually described in real time, where rainfall, wind strength,
grass color, and lightning represent humidity, airflow through the ventilation system,
temperature, and electricity consumption.
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Badger, Gina Elizabeth Eleanor. "On making sense : some recent investigations in time, metaphor, and ecology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65473.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2010.<br>"June 2010." Vita. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-100).<br>A two-part text in which the author ultimately proposes the metaphorical artistic methodology of making sense, and articulates its role in radical ecological projects. The author discusses the body of work produced for her thesis, Rates of Accumulation. With sound as its primary medium, this work turns around the ecological history of the Eastern oyster. Rates of Accumulation is presented as a four-channel sound installation, accompanied by a large-scale drawing and a video, and as an FM broadcast radiating from a temporary radio station inside the Little Red Lighthouse on the Hudson River. With the charismatic figure of the oyster as a touchstone, Rates of Accumulation abstracts, translates and ultimately aims to recast moments in the ecological history of North America's East Coast. The author's methodological framework is used to position her thesis work in relation to radical ecological projects. Making sense is a metaphorical process extrapolated from the familiar literary device, whereby meanings and associations are transferred from one object or context to another. The key operations of transfer, translation and abstraction are elaborated upon through Rates of Accumulation, past work, and select examples from the land art tradition. The author's analysis of metaphorical methodologies allows her to further stake out the role of artmaking in radical ecology, and in particular, its investment in historical projects.<br>by Gina Elizabeth Eleanor Badger.<br>S.M.
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Duffy, Sarah. "The metaphoric representation of time : a cognitive linguistic perspective." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/23581/.
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It has long been observed that speakers systematically employ language from concrete and perceptually rich domains to talk about abstract concepts. One of the paradigm examples of this is the way in which the abstract domain TIME is metaphorically conceptualised in terms of the concrete domain SPACE in a wide range of languages throughout the world. In English, there are various types of spatial metaphors for time, including ‘deictic’ metaphors, which situate events in relation to the ego, ‘sequential’ metaphors, which position events in relation to one another, as part of a sequence and ‘extrinsic’ metaphors, which fix events in relation to the forward-moving flow of time. Of these, particular attention has been paid to two deictic space-time metaphors: the Moving Ego metaphor, which conceptualises the self as moving towards events in time, e.g. We’re approaching Christmas and the Moving Time metaphor, which conceptualises events in time moving relative to the self, e.g. Christmas is approaching. In addition to linguistic evidence, a body of research has provided evidence for the psychological reality of these two metaphors, demonstrating that thinking about spatial motion under various circumstances can prime different construals of time. While research investigating abstract thinking about time has been primarily focused on examining the effects of spatial priming on temporal reasoning, recent research has extended beyond this, providing preliminary evidence that personality differences, emotional experiences and the valence of an event (positive or negative) may also influence people’s perspectives on the movement of events in time. By building upon and extending these findings, the overall aim of this thesis is to shed light on the mechanisms at work during the interpretation of language in context, providing a more fully explanatory framework for the metaphoric representation of time. To do this, a series of studies were conducted to examine further the range of factors that may influence how people reason about events in time, focusing specifically on previously unexplored personality differences, lifestyle differences and behavioural differences (Studies 1 to 8). Next, the focus of the investigation turned to the interpretation and usage of metaphorical expressions about time in prescribed contexts (Studies 9 to 14). The findings of these studies are reported and discussed in terms of the theoretical, methodological and practical issues they raise for the language sciences.
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Eriksson, Peter. "Effects of conventionality and proficiency in metaphor processing : A response time study." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-90854.
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Some researchers that work with metaphor theory claim that metaphors and figurative language are understood and processed just as easily as literal language. However, as this thesis will explore in detail, other research indicates that such is not always the case. That is, if the category of metaphor is further subcategorized into conventional and non-conventional metaphor, the scope will change because of the fact that it is possible to argue that non-conventionalized metaphors require a more conscious path of processing. In order to explain this alternative path, there are two primary approaches to language processing worth introducing: implicit and explicit. These approaches vary in required attention and speed of processing. With regards to conscious effort, these approaches are rather similar to the way in which we process conventionalized and non-conventionalized metaphors. Conventional metaphors are processed more quickly and easily than non-conventional ones. Hence, the claim that all metaphors are similarly processed may not always be true. Furthermore, an individual’s level of proficiency presumably correlates with speed in language processing. However, if non-conventional metaphor requires a more deliberate path of processing, this thesis assumes that the processing of this type of metaphor will be relatively unaffected by proficiency level, thus causing informants to process them in similar manners. In this thesis, 24 non-native speakers (NNS), categorized into intermediate proficient and advanced proficient, and seven native speakers (NS) were tested with an RT-test on subjective metaphor comprehension. Results were compared using mean response times and standard deviations, as well as looking at correlations and coefficient of variation. The results showed a distinct difference in processing speed with conventional metaphors being processed significantly faster. Moreover, the findings indicate that conventional metaphor processing speed seems to be predicted by proficiency, whilst non-conventional processing speed is not. The RT differences remained relatively consistent in both conventional and non-conventional metaphor processing, but when taking correlations, variance and coefficient of variation into consideration, the findings indicate that these other factors help level out the differences in non-conventional metaphor processing in more subtle ways than simply by RT’s.
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Thomas, Helen Christina. "Disturbing times : metaphors of temporality in avant-garde music of the 1960s." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632545.
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William, Jennifer Marston. "Zeiträume : time, space, and metaphor in German-language novels of the twentieth century /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486462702467453.
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Dahlgren, Carolyn Theresa. "The Extent of Children's Understanding of the Space/Time Metaphor: Mapping between Length and Duration." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343760155.
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Bargsted, Herrera Gertrud. "A study of metaphors in Editorials online from "The New York Times" in 2013." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137432.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Lingüística mención Lengua Inglesa<br>The study of Metaphors in the English language has revealed a vacuum regarding newspaper editorials. The present research study reviews the origins and concept of Metaphor as described by different philosophers and linguists, and explores the occurrence of Metaphors and metaphorical expressions in editorials online from The New York Times throughout the period July -December 2013. The definitions provided by Reddy (1979), Lakoff (1980), and Glucksberg & Mc Glone (1997) make up the Theoretical Framework for the study. Editorials dealing with the topics of Politics, Economy, and International Affairs were included in the research.
The results showed that, although metaphorical expressions are used in the three topics, the highest number of Metaphors is found in editorials dealing with Politics and political issues. The aim when using metaphorical expressions is to criticize and attack politicians and the government, particularly in the United States.
The results from this research will be a contribution both for Teachers of English and Teacher Trainees. The first will be able to count on an additional and reliable resource to teach vocabulary and metaphors which are not culled from literary texts. The latter will benefit from this study by having the possibility to learn metaphors in a new context – journalistic language – and also by being able to analyze and compare the results from this research to their own findings as they read the editorials online.
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Layland, Eric K. "European Emerging Adults in the Context of Free Time and Leisure." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3701.
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Research on emerging adulthood has increased over the past decade, including further investigation of the five features of emerging adulthood: (a) exploring identity, (b) instability, (c) focus on self, (d) feeling in-between, and (e) possibilities (Arnett, 2004). Despite an increased focus on this age period (i.e., 18 -- 29 year olds), research has not addressed the context of free time and leisure. Trends among European emerging adults include increased delay of marriage, decreased childbirth, and general postponement of adult markers. Both the high cultural valuation of leisure and the apparent change in patterns of external markers (i.e., sustained low fertility rates, delayed age of first marriage, declining national populations) in Europe, made Europe a prime setting for studying the leisure of emerging adults. This case study reviews the features of emerging adulthood in a leisure context across European cultures. Using data collected in interviews, the content analysis illustrates the prominence of identity exploration in emerging adults of Europe compared to the four other features of emerging adulthood in a leisure context. Further cultural discourse analysis highlights leisure as a resource for accessing opportunity and a space for freely making choices. The discourse analysis also includes the reconstruction of the cultural schema regarding leisure and each of the five features of emerging adulthood.
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Anderson, Doris Anita. "Myth, metaphor, and meaning: The Los Angeles Times' reportage of the 1991 Persian Gulf War." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1092.
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Borrelli, Sara E. "The kaleidoscopic midwife : a conceptual metaphor illustrating first-time mothers' perspectives of a good midwife : a grounded theory study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31006/.
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Background: The literature review reveals information about what makes a good midwife from several perspectives. However, there is a dearth of knowledge around women’s perceptions of a good midwife in different birthplaces. Aim. The aim of the study was to explore and explain first-time mothers’ expectations and experiences of a good midwife during childbirth in the context of different places of birth. Methods: A qualitative grounded theory methodology was undertaken. Fourteen first-time mothers planning to birth in different settings in England (Home, Freestanding Midwifery Unit, Obstetric Unit) were recruited. Data were collected through two semi-structured interviews for each participant (before and after birth). Data analysis included the processes of coding and conceptualising data, with constant comparison between data, literature and memos. Ethical approval was gained. Informed consent was obtained from participants and women were free to decline participation or to withdraw at any time. Confidentiality was guaranteed. Findings: The model named ‘The kaleidoscopic midwife: a conceptual metaphor illustrating first-time mothers’ perspectives of a good midwife’ was developed. The model is dynamic and woman-centred, operationalised as the midwife’s characteristics that should adapt to each woman’s individual needs in the context of each specific labour, irrespective of the birth setting. Four pillars of care are encompassed in the care provided by a good midwife in the labour continuum: promoting individuality; supporting embodied limbo; helping to go with the flow; providing information and guidance. As a kaleidoscopic figure, a good midwife should be multi-coloured and ever changing in the light of the woman’s individual needs, expectations and labour journey (e.g. stage of labour and events occurring during childbirth), in order to create an environment that enables her to move forward despite the uncertainty and the expectations-experiences gap. The following elements are harmonised by the kaleidoscopic midwife: relationship-mediated being; knowledgeable doing; physical presence; immediately available presence. Conclusion: The model presented has relevance to contemporary debates about quality of care and place of birth and can be used by midwives to pursue excellence in caring for labouring mothers. Independently from the place of birth, when the woman is cared for by a midwife demonstrating the above characteristics, she is more likely to have an optimum experience of birth.
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Davies, Lynda Mary. "Susan Cooper's heightened reality : how narrative style, metaphor, symbol and myth facilitate the imaginative exploration of moral and ethical issues /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16530.pdf.
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Polowinski, Jan. "Visualisierung großer Datenmengen im Raum." Thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-108506.
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Large, strongly connected amounts of data, as collected in knowledge bases or those occurring when describing software, are often read slowly and with difficulty by humans when they are represented as spreadsheets or text. Graphical representations can help people to understand facts more intuitively and offer a quick overview. The electronic representation offers means that are beyond the possibilities of print such as unlimited zoom and hyperlinks. This paper addresses a framework for visualizing connected information in 3D-space taking into account the techniques of media design to build visualization structures and map information to graphical properties<br>Große, stark vernetzte Datenmengen, wie sie in Wissensbasen oder Softwaremodellen vorkommen, sind von Menschen oft nur langsam und mühsam zu lesen, wenn sie als Tabellen oder Text dargestellt werden. Graphische Darstellungen können Menschen helfen, Tatsachen intuitiver zu verstehen und bieten einen schnellen Überblick. Die elektronische Darstellung bietet Mittel, welche über die Möglichkeiten von Print hinausgehen, wie z.B. unbegrenzten Zoom und Hyperlinks. Diese Arbeit stellt ein Framework für die Visualisierung vernetzter Informationen im 3D-Raum vor, welches Techniken der Gestaltung zur Erstellung von graphischen Strukturen und zur Abbildung von Informationen auf graphische Eigenschaften berücksichtigt
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Eriksson, Malin Ida. "In Dialogue with Clay." Thesis, Konstfack, Keramik & Glas, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7227.
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This paper is about my relationship to the material clay, and how it has affected my creative process. In this text I argue that clay is a material with human properties. I think of my practice as a dialogue between me and the material, an exchange rather than a monologue. This is how I picture clay as my main partner for discussing the deeper questions of what it is to be human, how clay as material can stand as metaphor for what it is to be living. I argue that clay has the poetic strength to communicate these questions of life of a more existential nature. Through the argument of clay being a material with human properties, I reason that a practice in materiality is a study of empathy since we spend much time with our materials to fully grasp how they behave. I firmly believe that this world is in need of an empathic movement, and I think that the field of craft has the possibility to be part of that movement. I see practitioners within the field of craft as practitioners of the sometimes irrational, emotional and indescribable parts of life. As researchers of the more existential qualities of life, I believe that we are important voices in a society that is getting more focused on rationality. With some help from writers, practitioners and philosophers within and outside the field of craft, I reason around the following research question: Can a material based practice stand as lodestar in todays society, to show empathy towards each other as beings as well as our surroundings?
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Abowd, Mary R. "Atavism and Modernity in Time's Portrayal of the Arab World, 2001-2011." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1374671433.
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Olcay, Taner. "Expressing Temporality In Graphical User Interface." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23102.
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Temporality has been given attention in HCI research, with scholars arguing that temporal aspects in function-oriented graphical user interface are overlooked. However, these works have not adequately addressed practical approaches to manifest time in the design of such. This paper presents an approach for implementing temporal metaphors in the design of graphical user interface. In this design research, I materialize temporal metaphors into material qualities, in order to manifest time into the design of graphical user interface and shape the experiences of such designs. I argue that the design of temporal metaphors may express traces of time in graphical user interface differently from contemporary designs. I discuss implications and significance of unfolding experience over time. In conclusion, this design research, by articulating the experiences of its design works, sheds new light on the meanings of expressing temporal metaphors in the design of graphical user interface.
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Sahm, Estela. "Bergson e Proust: sobre a representação da passagem do tempo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11824.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-21<br>The purpose of this work is to bring, face to face, some of the main theories of Bergson s philosophy and Proust s novel Remembrance of things past . Therefore, we will resort to remarks made by some of their researchers, with whom we shall establish some dialogue.
Considering that philosophy and literature are two different forms of expressing idea, this work also try to research for their sources, and for the distance that was suposelly established between them. In philosophy prevails the language of concepts, as well as in literature prevails the language of metaphor. We shall verify how different forms of expressing idea can get close and at the same time be enlightened, one by the other.
Chapter I will be dedicated to explore some of Bergson s main concepts, followed by some supporting comments of his researchers.
Chapter II analyses Proust s novel, specially considering the possible contacts with Bergson s ideas, such as memory, time, intuition, just to name some of them. Also in this case, followed by comments from some of Proust s researchers.
Finally chapter III, where we shall observe the historical reasons that brought to the distinction between writen texts of different purposes, and also where we shall find what in fact can be considered the smallest distance between the ideas of both Bergson and Proust<br>O trabalho tem por intuito fazer o confronto entre algumas teorias da filosofia de
Bergson e a obra literária de Proust Em busca do tempo perdido . Para tanto, recorre a alguns comentadores de ambas as obras, com os quais estabelece diálogos.
Por se tratar de discursos de finalidades e gêneros distintos, a saber, o filosófico e o literário, o trabalho pesquisa também as origens de cada um deles, e a suposta distância que se estabeleceu entre os mesmos. No discurso filosófico, prevalece uma linguagem conceitual, enquanto que no discurso literário prevalece a linguagem metafórica, pautada pelas imagens; teremos a oportunidade de verificar de que maneira estas diferentes formas de expressar pensamento podem se aproximar e se iluminarem mutuamente.
Assim, no capítulo I, o trabalho se detém sobre algumas idéias fundamentais do pensamento de Bergson, acompanhadas de alguns de seus comentadores; no capítulo II, analisa e comenta passagens significativas do romance proustiano, sobretudo tendo em vista a aproximação com alguns conceitos de Bergson, a saber, memória, duração e intuição; também neste caso, as observações serão acompanhadas dos comentários de alguns estudiosos da obra de Proust. E finalmente, no capítulo III, o trabalho busca aprofundar as questões relativas às separações estabelecidas historicamente entre os discursos ditos filosófico e literário, onde encontra as aproximações que julga possíveis entre as obras de Bergson e de Proust
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Ito, Tadashi. "Le temps dans les essais d'Albert Camus." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030063.
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À ce jour, ont été écrites de nombreuses et remarquables études qui analysent les textes littéraires, philosophiques, journalistiques, épistolaires d’Albert Camus, et ce dans diverses perspectives : stylistiques, narratologiques, linguistiques, psychanalytiques, symboliques, thématiques, biographiques, intertextuelles, sociologiques, politiques, esthétiques, éthiques, philosophiques entre autres. Or, rares sont les études qui examinent l’idée et l’image du temps chez cet écrivain français du siècle dernier, à partir de ses essais philosophico-littéraires. L’essayiste songe par exemple à la conception temporelle, en l’associant tantôt au mouvement circulaire du monde méditerranéen, beau et éternel, ou du cosmos (L’Envers et l’endroit, Noces, entre autre), tantôt à la fonction de la conscience humaine qui espère, se souvient et se révolte (Le Mythe de Sisyphe), tantôt à la marche de l’histoire humaine, européenne (L’Homme révolté). En considérant l’œuvre entière de Camus, et surtout ces quatre essais, L’Envers et l’endroit, Noces, Le Mythe de Sisyphe et L’Homme révolté, notre thèse a pour objectif d’étudier les trois conceptions temporelles, qui n’ont pas reçu une attention critique suffisante : l’éternité, la triple temporalité (le passé, le présent et l’avenir) et le temps historique<br>To this day, there have been written numerous and remarkable studies which analyze the literary, philosophical, journalistic, and epistolary texts of Albert Camus from diverse perspectives : stylistic, narratological, linguistic, psychoanalytical, symbolic, thematic, biographical, intertextual, sociological, political, esthetic, ethical, philosophical, among others. Rare are studies which examine the idea and the image of time as conceived by this 20th century French writer, as evidenced in his philosophical-literary essays. Camus considers the conception of time by associating it with the circular movement of the Mediterranean world, beautiful and eternal, and that of the cosmos (Betwixt and Between, Nuptials), with the functioning of the human conscience which hopes, remembers, rebels (The Myth of Sisyphus), or with the course of both human and European history (The Rebel). By studying the complete works of Camus, especially, the following four essays—Betwixt and Between, Nuptipals, The Myth of Sysiphus, and The Rebel— our thesis aims to study three temporal notions which have not received sufficient critical attention: eternity, triple temporality (past, present, and future), and historical time
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Fassi, Regiane Cristina. "Metáforas de tempo e memória em João Cabral de Melo Neto." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14830.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-17<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>The purpose of this thesis is to study the building procedures of poetic
images, which have its creating source on the sight, which means, the creation of
images , related with the time and memory on the works of João Cabral de Melo
Neto. From his work we selected the written poems from Museu de tudo (1974), and
from that book we chose the poem O Profissional da Memória ; from A Escola das
Facas (1980), Prosas da Maré na Jaqueira and Menino de Três Engenhos ; from
Crime na Calle Relator (1987), O Circo and Cenas da Vida de Joaquim Cardozo .
To analyze the poems, we performed a research on the importance that time and
memory acquired along with human existence and the figures of speech related to
the metaphoric speech. In the analysis of the poem, we tried to seize how João
Cabral de Melo Neto puts in his poems, conceptions of time and memory. We could
verify that time and memory, in poemas Cabralinos are turned into images which are
vivified in different metaphors. This work is divided in three chapters. The first one
approaches questions about time and memory, and the worries with the effects
caused by the time and the role of memory on the attempt to preserve the events
against the effects caused by the oblivion. The second describes the path of
metaphor and its spread. The third comprises metaphoric procedures on the act of
building time and memory in the poems. Amongst other conclusions, we realized
that the worries related to time and memory shown in the very beginning of the poet s
career turned into an obsessive attempt of seizing the ephemeral time and the
consequences that it brings about<br>O objetivo desta dissertação é estudar os procedimentos de construção de
imagens poéticas, que tem a fonte criadora em sua visualidade, ou seja, na criação de
imagens, relacionadas com o tempo e com a memória na obra de João Cabral de Melo
Neto. De sua obra, recolhemos os poemas escritos a partir de Museu de tudo (1974);
dessa obra selecionamos o poema O Profissional da Memória ; de A Escola das Facas
(1980), Prosas da Maré na Jaqueira e Menino de Três Engenhos ; de Crime na Calle
Relator (1987), O Circo e Cenas da Vida de Joaquim Cardozo . Para analisar os
poemas, realizamos um estudo sobre a importância que o tempo e a memória
adquiriram ao longo da existência humana e sobre as figuras de linguagem
relacionadas ao discurso metafórico. Na análise dos poemas, buscamos apreender
como João Cabral de Melo Neto traduz, em seus poemas, concepções de tempo e
memória. Verificamos que tempo e memória, em poemas cabralinos, são traduzidos em
imagens, vivificados em diferentes metáforas. O trabalho está dividido em três
capítulos. O primeiro aborda questões sobre tempo e memória, e a preocupação com
os efeitos provocados pelo tempo e o papel da memória, na tentativa de preservar os
acontecimentos contra os efeitos causados pelo esquecimento. O segundo descreve a
trajetória da metáfora e seus desdobramentos. O terceiro apreende os procedimentos
metafóricos na construção de imagens de tempo e memória nos poemas. Entre
outras conclusões, verificamos que as preocupações relativas ao tempo e à memória,
surgidas no princípio da carreira do poeta, transformaram-se, atingindo caráter
obsessivo, na tentativa de apreender a efemeridade do tempo e as conseqüências que
acarreta
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Van, der Walt Hester Carina. "Identiteitsbeelding in poësie vir die adolessent : 'n vergelykende studie tussen 'n Afrikaanse en 'n Nederlandstalige bloemlesing / H.C. van der Walt." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/308.
Full textAbstract:
Anthologies composed for adolescent readers are rare in both Afrikaans and Dutch. These
anthologies are published at quite lengthy intervals, because they are post-publications in
which already published volumes are absorbed. These anthologies are, however, to an
increasing extent the medium by which readers become aware of poetry and are also
introduced to different poets. For that reason it can be concluded that anthologies inform
poetic taste.
The empathy and love towards poetry experienced by young children in both languages are
gradually replaced by an apathetic attitude towards poems and even an antipathetic attitude in
general during adolescence. The first reaction to poetry is usually emotional and this indicates
the way for further intellectual development. When selecting poems for the adolescent reader,
the different developmental aspects affecting the adolescent and his identity development
must be taken into consideration. The needs of the adolescent reader must be kept in mind.
Needs in reading develop as a result of general needs that should be satisfied in the first place.
Should this be the case, the need for reading would develop.
In this study different theoretical points of view, namely reader-response criticism,
developmental psychology, general needs and reading-related needs are used to determine the
representation of identity in poems. Specific theories of poetry are used as instruments in text
studies and analyses with regard to representation of identity in anthologies for adolescents.
Poems in Versreise (Vermaak et al.) and Met gekleurde billen zou her gelukkiger leven zijn
(Van Coillie) are analysed focusing on the representation of time and space, speaker and
perspective, atmosphere and metaphorical language. For the purposes of this study analyses
were conducted to evaluate and interpret the representation of identity in the texts of both
anthologies. The differences and similarities between the Afrikaans and Dutch poetry texts for
the adolescent had to be identified. The differences were used to determine which type of text
would support the Afrikaans identity, the Dutch identity or the Flemish identity. The
similarities, on the other hand, were used to determine the type of text that would not appeal
to the Afrikaans, Dutch or Flemish adolescents only, but to adolescents in general.
In this study method-pluralism is scientifically unavoidable. Different methods were
systematically combined to support the specific methods of approach. The research was done
in accordance with four methods: a synopsis of existing and appropriate theory of literature
and forming of theory with regard to relevant concepts and terms; the analyses of texts in two
anthologies; a summary of critical opinions stated in different reviews as well as surveys and
interviews based on consultations via e-mail with the different role players, i.e. the anthology
composers, illustrators and publishers.<br>Thesis (MA (Afrikaans en Nederlands))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Salvador, Vélez Gonzalo. "Borges y la Biblia. Presencia de la Biblia en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7447.
Full textAbstract:
El presente trabajo estudia la recepción de la Biblia por parte de Jorge Luis Borges a partir del análisis de su obra completa. Se compone de tres partes. En la primera, contextual, después de perfilar la fortuna literaria del imaginario bíblico, cuestión bien estudiada en el ámbito anglosajón desde la década de 1980, se atiende brevemente al modo en que tres autores importantes para Borges Dante, Milton y Blake usaron la Escritura en su obra. En la segunda, a partir de ciertos datos biográficos, declaraciones y escritos de Borges, se trata de precisar la importancia que tuvo para él la literatura bíblica y de qué modo ésta influyó en su propia poética. En la tercera se analiza el uso literario de ciertos personajes de la Escritura por parte de Borges; el análisis revela que esos personajes encarnan de un modo paradigmático algunos de los temas centrales de su obra, como el conocimiento, la muerte, el tiempo o la identidad.<br>The present work studies the reception of the Bible by Jorge Luis Borges by means of the analysis of his complete work. It consists of three parts. The first one, merely contextual, outlines the literary fortune of the biblical imagery, a question that has occupied to the Anglo-Saxon criticism from the decade of 1980, and concisely attends to the way in which three important authors for Borges Dante, Milton and Blake used the Scriptures in their work. The second one attempts to specify, from the basis of certain biographical information, declarations and writings of Borges, the importance that the Biblical literature had for him and the way it influenced his own poetics. The third one analyzes the literary use of certain characters of the Scriptures by Borges; the analysis reveals that these characters personify in a paradigmatic way some of the central topics of his work, as knowledge, death, time or identity.
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Nicolaï, Jean-Paul. "Être ensemble et temporalités politiques." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0005.
Full textAbstract:
Afin d’espérer développer une philosophie politique qui reconnaisse d’emblée notre interdépendance, nous travaillons dans une première partie à établir des hypothèses sur ce qu’on entend par réalité et sur notre accès à cette dernière. Une ontologie événementielle paraît compatible avec l’ontogénèse narrative qui nous constitue individuellement en constituant un « nous ». Il faut pour cela imaginer chacun s’imaginant le monde et apprenant au travers d’histoires, dans une logique inductive qui peut réconcilier la phénoménologie herméneutique d'une part et l’apprentissage statistique de l'autre. De ces histoires chacun tire des universaux, interprétables comme des composantes principales d’une analyse statistique factorielle de ces histoires qui nous constituent. Le temps joue un rôle clef dans la dynamique de cette constitution autant que dans celle des événements rassemblés dans ces histoires. L’enjeu est finalement de partager ces universaux dans une histoire commune, ou, à l’inverse, dans une rupture temporelle qui permet peut-être de mieux accéder à un monde commun. Nous travaillons alors dans une seconde partie la question du vivre ensemble avec les idées républicaines de liberté, d’égalité et de fraternité, et avec celles de pluralité et de confins. L’écologie politique que l’on aperçoit alors est aussi républicaine que libertaire. Dans ce cadre, la justice s’exprime par la justesse, la fidélité, la sensibilité et par une juste démesure. L’impératif catégorique s’y décline dans la nécessité de rendre les autres beaux, libres, et puissants et d’apprendre ensemble. Le Droit apparaît comme s’élaborant dynamiquement dans le temps même où s’élabore la Cité. La possibilité du radicalement nouveau travaillée dans la première partie autorise d’articuler la liberté et les institutions. La logique d’un code d’honneur permet in fine de ne pas s’abandonner à la Raison toute puissante sans pour autant renoncer aux Lumières<br>In order to hope to develop a political philosophy that immediately recognizes our interdependence, we work in a first part to establish assumptions about what we mean by reality and our access to it. An event-based ontology seems compatible with the narrative ontogenesis which constitutes us individually by constituting a "we". This requires imagining everyone imagining the world and learning through stories, in an inductive logic that can reconcile hermeneutic phenomenology on the one hand and statistical learning on the other. From these stories each identifies universals, interpretable as principal components of a factorial statistical analysis of these stories that constitute us. Time plays a key role in the dynamics of this constitution as well as in the events gathered in these stories. The stakes are ultimately to share these universals in a common story, or, conversely, in a temporal break that may allow better access to a common world. We then work in a second part on the question of living together with republican ideas of freedom, equality and fraternity, and with those of plurality and boundaries. The political ecology that we see then is as republican as libertarian. In this context, justice is expressed by rightness, fidelity, sensitivity and a “fair excess”. The categorical imperative lies in the need to make others beautiful, free, and powerful, and to learn together. Law appears to develop dynamically in the very time that the City is developed. The possibility of the radically “new” worked in the first part allows articulating freedom and institutions. The logic of a code of honor ultimately allows not to surrender to the Almighty Reason without giving up the Enlightenment
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Fries, Katherine. "Ariadne’s Thread - memory, interconnection and the poetic in contemporary art." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5709.
Full textAbstract:
Master of Visual Arts<br>This Dissertation explores the metaphor of Ariadne’s thread in terms of interconnection, when an element from the everyday is used as a locus linking broader concepts of time and space. Such experiences and associations are reflected in the work of Louise Bourgeois, Eva Hesse, Doris Salcedo, Lucio Fontana, Richard Tuttle, Mona Hatoum, Simone Mangos, Anya Gallaccio and Yoshihiro Suda. In relation to my own work, the metaphor of interconnecting thread allows a sense of freedom and journey of discovery. My studio and related research are closely aligned in developing my understanding of interconnection, through my studio process of making and continuing experiences of looking at and interpreting others artists’ work.
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Pawliczak, Joanna. "Time Metaphors in English Collocations – a Corpus Based Study." Phd diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19871.
Full textAbstract:
Głównym celem prezentowanego studium jest przeprowadzenie badań nad kolokacjami i metaforami czasu w języku angielskim. Drugim celem analizy jest identyfikacja przykładów kolokacji metaforycznych i nie metaforycznych oraz znalezienie dla kolokacji metaforycznych użytych w procesie konceptualizacji relewantnych domen źródłowych. Trzecim celem zrealizowanym w pracy jest informacja na temat frekwencji i statystyki ich użycia.
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Wu, Cho-Yin, and 吳卓穎. "A Study of Using Orientation Expressions as Metaphors for Time." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36639525619492013171.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立屏東教育大學<br>華語文教學碩士學位學程<br>102<br>The concept of time is metaphorically expressed through spatial orientation to recognition. Time expressions come from the concept of space to express the time in most of the languages. In this paper, firstly, there is a discussion about the meaning and function of metaphor based on the category of metaphor (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). Then, the classification of space system in Chinese (Qi, 1998) and the time pattern (Lan, 2005) are discussed. Finally, the metaphorical mode of time and space is expounded. The metaphorical relationship among Chinese time expressions is divided into horizontal and vertical space. As to the horizontal, “qián/hòu” and “zuŏ/yòu” are the metaphors discussed; while the “shàng/xià” discussed in vertical space. The follow findings were identified. “qián-tiān” and “qián-nián” refer to the past. However, “qián-jĭng” and “qián-chéng” mean the future. As a result, “qián” may metaphorically refer to the past and the future as well. “hòu-tiān”, “hòu-nián”, “hòu-shi”, and “hòu-xù” indicate the future time, unless the word “hòu” is after an event. As for “zuŏ/yòu”, it needs to be combined with other words. It refers to a rough estimation of time or quantity. “shàng-zhōu”, “shàng-cì”, and “shàng-yì-chăng” mean the past or earlier time. The word xià in “xià-lĭ-bài”, “xià-húi”, and “xià-bàn-chăng” indicate the future or later time. Namely, “shàng” metaphorically means the past, while “xià” means the future.
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"Conceptual metaphors of time in english and in arabic: a comparative cognitive study." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25428/25428.pdf.
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Noël, Daniel A. "Metaphysics through metaphors towards an understanding of time in psychology with William James's Principles of psychology /." 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ39218.
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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 1998. Graduate Programme in Psychology.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-155). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ39218.
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李俊良. "The research of how metaphors facilitate the changing process of clients through real-time chber-counseling." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10572468663413212865.
Full textAbstract:
博士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>輔導與諮商學系所<br>95<br>The purpose of the study was to explore how metaphors facilitate the changing process of clients through real-time cyber-counseling. That is to say the research intends to reveal the foundations/conditions of metaphors catalyzing the changes of clients. The study adopted the viewpoint of hermeneutic phenomenology, and adopted its analysis of situatedness to examine the cyber-counseling dialogue records with the issues of metaphor. As a result, the change of metaphorical catalysis clients concluded by the study includes: using the existing experience to transform or influence the trapped experience and revealing the foundation of three types of metaphorical catalysis clients which are respectively to give a metaphor to undo the trapped deadlock to be deadlock + background context, give a metaphor to undo the trapped deadlock to be the deadlock + the background context with visible resources or empowerment, and give a metaphor to undo the trapped deadlock to be the deadlock + the background context with visible resolution or expansion possibility. This study also analyzes and identifies that the psychological displacement effect the metaphor triggers is the cause for the three types of metaphorical foundation to catalyze the change of the clients, which is that metaphor can trigger the clients into the consciousness of the “ trapped experience” and “various kinds of content in the metaphorical experience”. When looking into them at a distance and detecting their similarity, the way out of deadlock can also be identified. In the end, according to the findings of the study, recommendations will be proposed as a reference for consultation and future research.
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Leong, Yew Hoong. "Problems of teaching mathematics in a reform-oriented Singapore classroom." 2008. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/4754.
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ChiubHsiu-hua and 邱秀華. "The Metaphor "Time as Space" in Mandarin." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51352084322274892311.
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Lin, Hung-Jung, and 林宏榮. "Sense of time the effects of metaphor for life." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/262q9d.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>設計研究所<br>99<br>Time goes by in our daily lives. We feel uneasy when we sense that time is fading away. Time is something we are sometimes familiar with and sometimes unfamiliar with. It is an abstract concept. We can’t touch it through our sense organs. Because people can’t concretely feel or specifically express time, an abstract concept, they often use concepts which everyone knows to metaphor their feeling about time. The two most common concept systems used to express time are the “Orientational Metaphors” and the “Ontological Metaphors”. From the aspect of metaphors, this study collected various products related to time, categorized them, analyzed the relationships between time and metaphors and their characteristics, proposed specific suggestions regarding design, and came up with two creative works with the following properties:
(1) Slowing down the rhythm of time;
(2) Presenting the variety of time through metaphors;
(3) Showing time naturally.
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Stites, Lauren. "The Time Is at Hand: The Development of Spatial Representations of Time in Children’s Speech and Gesture." 2016. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/psych_diss/168.
Full textAbstract:
Children achieve increasingly complex language milestones initially in gesture before they do so in speech. In this study, we ask whether gesture continues to be part of the language-learning process as children develop more abstract language skills, namely metaphors. More specifically, we focus on spatial metaphors for time and ask whether developmental changes in children’s production of such metaphors in speech also become evident in gesture and what cognitive and linguistic factors contribute to these changes. To answer these questions, we analyzed the speech and gestures produced by three groups of children (ages 3-4, 5-6, and 7-8)—all learning English as first language—as they talked about past and future events, along with adult native speakers of English. Here we asked how early we see change in the orientation (sagittal vs. lateral), directionality (left-to-right, right-to-left, backward, or forward) and congruency with speech (lateral gestures with Time-RP language and sagittal gestures with Ego-RP language). Further, we asked how comprehension of metaphors for time and literacy level would influence these changes. We found developmental changes in the orientation, directionality, and congruency of children’s gestures about time. We found that children’s gestures about time change in orientation (sagittal vs. lateral), in that children increase their use of lateral gestures with age and that this increase is influenced by their literacy level. Further, the directionality (left-to-right, right-to-left, forward, backward) of children’s gestures changes with age. For sagittal gestures we found that children that understood metaphor for time were more likely to produce sagittal gestures that placed the past behind and the future ahead. For lateral gestures, we found that children with higher levels of literacy were more likely to use lateral gestures that place the past to the left and the future to the right. Finally the congruency of children’s gesture with their speech changed. The older children were more likely to pair lateral gestures with Time-RP language than Ego-RP language.
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Crombie, Scott A. "Monazite alteration in the Searchlight contact metaphoric aureole, southern Nevada." Diss., 2006. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-07282006-153355/.
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Marx, Yendra. "Exploring the experiences of first-time fatherhood : a social constructionist study." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25009.
Full textAbstract:
Historically there has been many changes to the construction of fatherhood. These changes have not been linear and most significant changes took place during the twentieth century. Four ways of being and acting as a father (i.e., Discourses) have been identified: the father as moral overseer; the father as distant breadwinner; the father as sex-role model, and the new nurturant father. Previous studies have indicated that men’s experiences of fatherhood are very diverse and multifaceted. Fathers may experience intense feelings of elation and happiness, as well as depression and anxiety. Results even indicated that some fathers experienced physical symptoms such as morning sickness or hormonal changes, similar to what the mother could experience. There is also a distinction between three phases: pre-natal, the birth, and post-natal. However, there is a significant gap in the available knowledge related to the subjective experience of fathers, particularly in the South African context. This study is an exploration from within a social constructionist framework, of the experiences of first-time fatherhood. Using a multiple-case study design, the aim was to explore and answer the question: “How do men experience first-time fatherhood?” A qualitative approach to research was applied and three first-time fathers were recruited applying purposive and snowball sampling strategies for interviews that were conducted during May to June 2003. The Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique, which requires the participants to build a collage and participate in a semi-structured interview, was utilized for data collection. Data were analysed by way of thematic analysis, based on transcriptions and translations of the interview material. Three major themes emerged from the data: responsibility, feelings and thoughts and relationships. Collectively, ten sub-themes were extracted from the interviews.. With regard to responsibility, the three first-time fathers indicated that they associated aspects such as financial, emotional and educational provision as primary concerns of first-time fatherhood. Thoughts and feelings ranged from feelings of happiness and elation, stress and anxiety, to confusion and helplessness, as well as a sense of a loss of freedom. In terms of relationships, family, marriage, and the father-child relationship, emerged as significant in their overall experience of first-time fatherhood. These themes and the sub-themes were identified in both the collage and interview material collected for each father. The utilisation of the ZMET and a qualitative approach based in a social constructionist perspective proved useful in eliciting the more intimate experiences of first-time fatherhood. The project was, however, limited because only white male subjects were involved, and themes related to masculine stereotypes in the construction of the father’s reality of first-time fatherhood, and the gender of the baby, could not be explored. Further research on the topic is therefore proposed to explore the richness of the topic and to offer context-specific constructions of the multiple realities of first-time fatherhood.<br>Dissertation (MA (Research Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006.<br>Psychology<br>unrestricted
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Polowinski, Jan. "Visualisierung großer Datenmengen im Raum: Großer Beleg." Thesis, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26757.
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Large, strongly connected amounts of data, as collected in knowledge bases or those occurring when describing software, are often read slowly and with difficulty by humans when they are represented as spreadsheets or text. Graphical representations can help people to understand facts more intuitively and offer a quick overview. The electronic representation offers means that are beyond the possibilities of print such as unlimited zoom and hyperlinks.
This paper addresses a framework for visualizing connected information in 3D-space taking into account the techniques of media design to build visualization structures and map information to graphical properties.:1 EINFÜHRUNG S. 9
1.1 Zusammenfassung des Gestaltungsentwurfs S. 9
1.2 Ziel des Belegs S. 10
1.3 Interdisziplinäres Projekt S. 10
2 VORGEHEN S. 12
2.1 Ablauf S. 12
2.2 Konkrete Beispielinhalte S. 13
2.3 Beispielimplementierung S. 13
3 DATENMODELL S. 15
3.1 Ontologien S. 15
3.2 Ontologie Konstruktion S. 15
3.3 Analyse der Domain Design S. 18
3.8 Erstes Ordnen S. 19
3.9 Verwendete Ontologie-Struktur S. 21
3.10 Design-Ontologien S. 23
3.11 Schwierigkeiten bei der Ontologiekonstruktion S. 28
3.12 Einpflegen der Daten mit Protégé S. 29
3.13 Facetten S. 29
3.14 Filter S. 32
4 DATENVISUALISIERUNG S. 35
4.1 Visualisierung zeitlicher Daten S. 35
4.2 Hyperhistory S. 35
4.3 Graphisches Vokabular - graphische Dimensionen S. 37
4.4 Mapping S. 39
5 FRAMEWORK UND GESTALTUNG DES MEDIUMS S. 43
5.1 Technologien und Werkzeuge S. 44
5.2 Architektur S. 46
5.3 Konfiguration S. 51
5.4 DataBackendManager S. 52
5.5 Mapping im Framework S. 53
5.6 atomicelements S. 54
5.7 Appearance Bibliothek S. 55
5.8 TransformationUtils S. 56
5.9 Structures S. 57
5.10 LOD S. 64
5.11 Häufung von Einträgen [+] S. 66
5.12 Darstellung von Relationen [+] S. 69
5.13 Head Up Display [+] S. 71
5.14 Navigation S. 72
5.15 Performanz S. 73
5.16 Gestaltung des Mediums S. 74
6 AUSBLICK S. 80
7 FAZIT S. 81
8 ANHANG A – Installation S. 82
8.1 Vorraussetzungen S. 82
8.2 Programmaufruf S. 82
8.3 Stereoskopie S. 82
9 ANHANG B – Beispielimplementierung zur Visualisierung des Themas „Geschichte des Designs in Deutschland im 19. und 20. Jh.“ S. 84
9.1 Eingrenzung des Umfangs S. 84
9.2 Überblick zur deutschen Designgeschichte S. 84
9.3 Vorgehen S. 85
9.4 Unscharfe Datumsangaben S. 85
9.5 Kontextereignisse S. 85
9.6 Ursache-Wirkung-Beziehungen S. 86
9.7 Mehrsprachigkeit S. 86
9.8 Quellenangaben S. 86
9.9 Bildmaterial S. 87
LITERATURVERZEICHNIS S. 88
GLOSSAR S. 90
ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS S. 91<br>Große, stark vernetzte Datenmengen, wie sie in Wissensbasen oder Softwaremodellen vorkommen, sind von Menschen oft nur langsam und mühsam zu lesen, wenn sie als Tabellen oder Text dargestellt werden. Graphische Darstellungen können Menschen helfen, Tatsachen intuitiver zu verstehen und bieten einen schnellen Überblick. Die elektronische Darstellung bietet Mittel, welche über die Möglichkeiten von Print hinausgehen, wie z.B. unbegrenzten Zoom und Hyperlinks.
Diese Arbeit stellt ein Framework für die Visualisierung vernetzter Informationen im 3D-Raum vor, welches Techniken der Gestaltung zur Erstellung von graphischen Strukturen und zur Abbildung von Informationen auf graphische Eigenschaften berücksichtigt.:1 EINFÜHRUNG S. 9
1.1 Zusammenfassung des Gestaltungsentwurfs S. 9
1.2 Ziel des Belegs S. 10
1.3 Interdisziplinäres Projekt S. 10
2 VORGEHEN S. 12
2.1 Ablauf S. 12
2.2 Konkrete Beispielinhalte S. 13
2.3 Beispielimplementierung S. 13
3 DATENMODELL S. 15
3.1 Ontologien S. 15
3.2 Ontologie Konstruktion S. 15
3.3 Analyse der Domain Design S. 18
3.8 Erstes Ordnen S. 19
3.9 Verwendete Ontologie-Struktur S. 21
3.10 Design-Ontologien S. 23
3.11 Schwierigkeiten bei der Ontologiekonstruktion S. 28
3.12 Einpflegen der Daten mit Protégé S. 29
3.13 Facetten S. 29
3.14 Filter S. 32
4 DATENVISUALISIERUNG S. 35
4.1 Visualisierung zeitlicher Daten S. 35
4.2 Hyperhistory S. 35
4.3 Graphisches Vokabular - graphische Dimensionen S. 37
4.4 Mapping S. 39
5 FRAMEWORK UND GESTALTUNG DES MEDIUMS S. 43
5.1 Technologien und Werkzeuge S. 44
5.2 Architektur S. 46
5.3 Konfiguration S. 51
5.4 DataBackendManager S. 52
5.5 Mapping im Framework S. 53
5.6 atomicelements S. 54
5.7 Appearance Bibliothek S. 55
5.8 TransformationUtils S. 56
5.9 Structures S. 57
5.10 LOD S. 64
5.11 Häufung von Einträgen [+] S. 66
5.12 Darstellung von Relationen [+] S. 69
5.13 Head Up Display [+] S. 71
5.14 Navigation S. 72
5.15 Performanz S. 73
5.16 Gestaltung des Mediums S. 74
6 AUSBLICK S. 80
7 FAZIT S. 81
8 ANHANG A – Installation S. 82
8.1 Vorraussetzungen S. 82
8.2 Programmaufruf S. 82
8.3 Stereoskopie S. 82
9 ANHANG B – Beispielimplementierung zur Visualisierung des Themas „Geschichte des Designs in Deutschland im 19. und 20. Jh.“ S. 84
9.1 Eingrenzung des Umfangs S. 84
9.2 Überblick zur deutschen Designgeschichte S. 84
9.3 Vorgehen S. 85
9.4 Unscharfe Datumsangaben S. 85
9.5 Kontextereignisse S. 85
9.6 Ursache-Wirkung-Beziehungen S. 86
9.7 Mehrsprachigkeit S. 86
9.8 Quellenangaben S. 86
9.9 Bildmaterial S. 87
LITERATURVERZEICHNIS S. 88
GLOSSAR S. 90
ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS S. 91
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Morris, Wendy Ann. "Both temple and tomb: difference, desire and death in the sculptures of the Royal museum of central Africa." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1181.
Full textAbstract:
Both Temple and Tomb is a dissertation in two parts. The first part is an examination and analysis of a collection of 'colonial' sculptures on permanent display in the Royal Museum of Central Africa in Tervuren Belgium. The second part is a reflection on the author's own paintings, drawings and film and an examination of the critical potential of these images in challenging the colonial narratives of the RMCA.
Part I presents two arguments. The first is that European aesthetic codes have been used to legitimize the conquest of the Congo and to award sanction to a voyeuristic gaze. The second is that the organization of the sculptures of Africans (and European females) into carefully managed spaces and relationships results in the creation of erotically-charged formations that are intended to afford pleasure to male European spectators.
Part II examines the strategies used in Re-Turning the Shadows to disrupt (neo)colonial patterns of viewing that have become ritual and 'naturalized'. Against RMCA narratives that pay homage to the objectivity of science and research, the paintings and film present images that explore multiple subjectivities, mythologizing impulses, and metaphoric allusions.<br>Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology<br>M.A. (Visual Arts)
45
Snellen, Anne. "Remember the ordinary, if you can metaphor, memory and meaning of 9/11 in the leading articles of The Times of London /." 2006. http://etd.utk.edu/2006/SnellenAnne.pdf.
Full text
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Svašková, Jana. "Cykličnost a linearita času v českém jazykovém obrazu světa." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340010.
Full textAbstract:
I. Abstract The thesis deals with the concept of time and its conceptualisation in the Czech language. It is based on the theory of conceptual metaphor and the theory of linguistic worldview. Within the field of cognitive linguistics, the theory of conceptual metaphor is mainly applied in the identification of the source domains of metaphors used for language expression of the target domains. The first part of the thesis deals with the reflection of the "time" phenomenon, with its non- linguistic concept. Attention is paid to the concept of the cyclical and linear time. The second part aims to identify metaphors used in Czech for the expression of time relations and for the expression of the time phenomenon. The paper analyses the language plane in order to find such metaphors. It employs semantic and etymological analysis of words used when expressing the notion of time, i.e. nouns, adjectives, verbs, prepositions, and interjections.
47
Lin, ChienHong, and 林建宏. "Study on Differences of Metaphor Advertising Expressions between Oriental and Western Countries from the Perspective of Context Culture－Taking the Times and Liberty Times (from 2007 to 2008) as An Example." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28315167973658278414.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>明志科技大學<br>視覺傳達設計研究所<br>101<br>People’s communication means and their patterns to perceive the message transfer are deeply affected by the surrounding culture, customs and habits. Relevant advertising researchers also believe that the content of an efficient advertisement can’t be separate from the social culture the consumer familiar with, and can’t conflict with the contemporary cultural value, which is the only way to show the advertising effect. In recent years, the advertising text is regarded as the reproduction of cultural symbol by the scholars. The connotations behind the advertisements are also taken as carrier for a certain cultural value. Therefore, the advertising is the commercial promotion activity which also has the effect of social ritual and cultural construction.
The thinking patterns of using metaphor to simulate relationships are widely applied in human’s life, which is also the channel to learn and important mechanism to resolve problems for humans. The metaphor advertising is quite common in both Oriental and Western countries, which is a metaphor process by integrating the “main body ” of goods features and the “carrier” of the visual image, texts or contexts. However, the metaphor advertising is an unstable metaphor model, thus it often fails to convey the message due to the inadequate character coding. Therefore, this study, starting from the cross-culture research view, attempts to explore the differences between the advertising metaphor expressions in Oriental and Western countries from the perspective of context culture based on Hall’s context culture theory. At the meantime, it also analyzes the metaphor expression styles under different context cultures, to learn the correlation between the metaphor advertising and cultural carrier in Oriental and Western Countries.
This study to start from the perspective of context culture, expects to find out the “cross-cultural image vocabularies” and the skills or principles applied in metaphor advertising by Oriental and Western countries, so as to deeply learn the difference of the main body and the carrier used in the metaphor to be taken as references for the local brands developing into the international brands in the future. Moreover, through the implementation of this study plan, it also hopes to identify the value of local culture and take a broad view of changes in the international cultural trends, so as to lower the expression conflicts caused by the
cultural difference.
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LinChih-Wei and 林志煒. "A Study on the Many Space Model Concept of the Metaphor in the Images of Print Advertisement and Its Application－Prizewinning Works of the "Times Advertising Awards"（1997-2003）and Creative Works of the "Young Times Advertising Awards"（2005）as Examples." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19003451084996796676.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>崑山科技大學<br>視覺傳達設計研究所<br>94<br>The main purpose of this study is to discuss and apply the many space model concept of the metaphor in the images of print advertisement. Through the analysis and study of the metaphor in the images of print advertisement, we can know its structural relationship and meaningful context between one another in the many space model concept of the metaphor from a creative image message. The study method is to use qualitative and quantitative research by turns. First, the researcher uses the qualitative research method to collect and analyze the related information and literatures, including images, rhetoric, semiotics, cognitive psychology, and the “many space” model theory of the metaphor; and then integrates the discussions, viewpoints, and frameworks of the many space model concept of the metaphor in the images of print advertisement. Also, it is a cognitive operation system of concept analysis to be the theoretic and applied ground at each studying stage later.
Secondly, according to the literatures mentioned above, the researcher focuses on the correspondence and projecting of “source space” and “target space” in “generic space”, which are two of the four mental spaces emphasized in the many space model concept of the metaphor. Based on the interaction property and the relative features, the researcher divides the following five projecting similarity patterns: appearance similarity, symbol similarity, function similarity, coordinate relationship similarity, and compound similarity, which are tested on real print advertisements. Then, the researcher can understand the uses of these five projecting similarity patterns by data processing and statistics. Besides, the many space model of the metaphor is used to analyze qualitatively these five projecting similarity patterns to understand the true meaning of the advertisement texts.
Finally, the “14th Young Times Advertising Awards” is the center of this study. The researcher applies the many space model of the metaphor to the creation of print advertisement images, the presentation and explanation of the works. After the analysis and discussion, the researcher concludes:
As for the analysis of the many space model, we can analyze and judge effectively the messages and meanings behind the images; moreover, it can help designers raise the efficiency and quality of transmission after carefully evaluating and judging the process of choice, combination, and transformation of images. At the same time, it can not only make up for the defects in the study of the traditional semiotics but also open a new view for the readers.
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Pizarro, Isabel Alexandra Alves da Nóbrega. "A estruturação metafórica na concetualização de "Hora" na poesia de Fernando Pessoa ortónimo." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/41505.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Linguagem<br>A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo a análise da estrutura da metáfora poética de
acordo com os instrumentos de análise propostos por Lakoff & Johnson (1980), Lakoff & Turner
(1989) e Lakoff & Feldman (2006), na Teoria da Metáfora Concetual, desenvolvida no âmbito sa
Linguística Cognitiva, em articulação com outras Ciências Cognitivas, tais como a Psicologia, a
Antropologia, a Neurobiologia e a Inteligência Artificial.
Para o efeito, constituímos como corpus trinta e dois poemas ortónimos, do poeta
português Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935), escritos entre 1910 e 1935, nos quais a metonímia
concetual de tempo “hora” é o ponto de partida para metáforas concetuais de “hora”, que
apresentam como principal domínio fonte a mente do Eu poético, concetualizada em termos de
contentor metafórico de emoções que são, por sua vez, concetualizadas em termos de objetos,
espaços e atributos humanos, que projetam a respetiva estrutura inferencial no domínio concetual
alvo “hora”.
No presente trabalho, mostramos que o domínio fonte das metáforas concetuais de “hora”
se enraíza no universo mental do poeta, cuja configuração é determinada pela sua experiência de
vida, no sentido mais abrangente do termo, e pelo valor emocional que lhe atribuiu, o que confirma,
tal como defende a Teoria Neural da Metáfora, a existência de uma correlação a nível neural entre
a experiência sensoriomotora e a avaliação subjetiva da mesma, que explica a ligação entre
conceitos diferentes, como são os de “hora” e “objeto”, de “hora” e “pessoa” e de “hora” e
“emoção”.
Da avaliação da multiplicidade de experiências do Eu poético nasceu a concetualização de
“hora” apresentada nas análises dos poemas que constam dos dois capítulos em que as
separámos: o capítulo 3.1, que integra as análises em que “hora” é espacializada/materializada
e o capítulo 3.2, no qual “hora” é antropomorfizada.<br>In this paper, we analyse literary metaphors according to the explanatory tools proposed by the
Theory of Conceptual Metaphor, within the realm of Cognitive Linguistics. For that purpose, we
choose as literary corpus thirty-two excerpts from poems by the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa
(1888-1935), written between 1910 and 1935, in which the time conceptual metonymy “hour” is
the starting point for conceptual metaphors of time in which the source domain is the mind of the
poetic self, conceptualized in terms of metaphorical container of emotions that are, in turn,
conceptualized as objects, spaces and human beings, according to the poet’s life experience.
Keywords: Theory of Conceptual Metaphor, conceptual metonymy, image-schemas, time, space,
objects, emotions.
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Bonmati-Mullins, Charlotte. "De l’espace de jeu au temps du joueur : une épistémologie engagée du jeu en général, et du jeu vidéo en particulier." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18736.
Full textAbstract:
Pour respecter les droits d’auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.<br>La constitution du jeu en objet de science et l’institutionnalisation du jeu vidéo font en sorte d’évincer l’essence, et donc le sens du sujet qu’elles entendent définir. L’objet jeu et l’espace de la représentation ludique ont pris le pas sur l’expérience du jouer. Le phénomène jeu reste un objet subjectif: en définissant l’objet, on minimise cette dimension subjective et ses variables expérientielles, et tout particulièrement le temps et le mouvement. En s’appuyant sur des théories pluridisciplinaires telles que la phénoménologie, la sémiologie et la linguistique cognitive, ce mémoire cherche à réhabiliter le temps, le joueur et l’expérience vécue du jouer. Le premier chapitre examine l’ambiguïté du mot jeu, qui renvoie à la fois à l’objet jeu et à l’activité jouer, et interroge la primauté du game sur le play au sein des études du jeu. Le deuxième chapitre questionne la conception dualiste du jeu, telle que véhiculée par le modèle du cercle magique, qui oppose le jeu au réel. Le chapitre trois propose la métaphore conceptuelle du temps suspendu dans l’espace afin d’expliquer d’une part, le rôle structurant de l’espace dans le processus cognitif, et d’autre part la surenchère spatiale des discours vidéoludiques. Finalement, il s’agit de tenir et de maintenir l’équilibre dynamique entre la structure du game et l’expérience du play, et de souligner l’importance de l’unité espace-temps.<br>The game constitution as an object of science and the institutionalization of the video game oust the essence, and therefore the meaning of the subject they intend to define. The game itself and its playful representation took precedence over the experience of the player. The game phenomenon remains a subjective object: when defining the object, this subjective dimension and its experiential variables are subjectively minimized, especially time and movement. Based on multidisciplinary theories such as phenomenology, semiotics and cognitive linguistics, this paper seeks to rehabilitate the time, the player and the experience of playing. The first chapter examines the ambiguity of the word game, which refers to both the object and the game playing activity, and questions the primacy of game over play in the game studies. The second chapter questions the dualistic conception of game, as conveyed by the magic circle model, which opposes gaming to reality. Chapter three provides the conceptual metaphor of time suspended in space to explain firstly, the structuring role of space in the cognitive process, and also the spatial outbid of the video game discourse. Finally, it is about holding and maintaining the dynamic balance between the gaming structure and the experience of playing, and stress the importance of space-time unity.