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Journal articles on the topic 'Time value of money'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 June 2025

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1

Țilică, Elena Valentina, and Radu Ciobanu. "The Time Value of Money." CECCAR Business Review 1, no. 6 (2020): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37945/cbr.2020.06.05.

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2

Yudiana, Fetria Eka. "DIMENSI WAKTU DALAM ANALISIS TIME VALUE OF MONEY DAN ECONOMIC VALUE OF TIME." Muqtasid: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah 4, no. 1 (2013): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/muqtasid.v4i1.131-143.

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The development of the Islamic finance theory today has become a hot issuediscussed, such as polemic of the concept of time value of money. This concept cored that money today is more valuable than the same amount of money in the future, so that the grounding or assumptions used by this theory is al ghunmu bila ghurmin (get results regardless of risk) and al kharaj bila dhaman (get results without issuing a charge), and it’s contrary to the principles of Islam. Then The positive time preference concept was replaced with the concept of economic value of time, this concept cored that time has economic value, not money has a time value
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3

Smitizsky, Gal, Wendy Liu, and Uri Gneezy. "On the value(s) of time: Workers’ value of their time depends on mode of valuation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 34 (2021): e2105710118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105710118.

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In this paper, we investigate how individuals make time–money tradeoffs in labor contexts in which they are either asked to work to earn money or to pay money to avoid work. Theory predicts that exchange rates between time and money are invariant to the elicitation method. Results from our experiments, however, show otherwise, highlighting inconsistencies in how individuals consider their time. In the first two experiments, participants work to earn money, and we compare two incentivized elicitation methods. In the first, “Fixed-Time mode,” we fix the amount of time participants need to work and elicit the minimum dollar amount they require to do the job. In the second, “Fixed-Money mode,” we fix the amount of money we pay participants and ask for the maximum amount of time they are willing to work for that pay. We similarly vary elicitation procedures in Experiment 3 for paying money to avoid work. Translating the results into pay per hour, we find that in Fixed-Time mode, valuation of time is stable across durations, based on an analytical approach. By contrast, in Fixed-Money mode, participants increase their pay-per-hour demand when the amount of money increases, indicating a less calculated and more emotional view of time. Our results demonstrate that individuals’ value of their time of labor can be fluid and dependent on the compensation structure. Our findings have implications for theories of time valuation in the labor market.
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4

López Rousseau, Alejandro, and Timothy Ketelaar. "Time Value of Money and Happiness." Revista de Psicología 17, no. 33 (2021): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46553/rpsi.17.33.2021.p22-35.

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5

Desky, Harjoni. "PENERAPAN KONSEP TIME VALUE OF MONEYDAN KRITIK PELAKSANAAN." J-ISCAN: Journal of Islamic Accounting Research 1, no. 1 (2019): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52490/j-iscan.v1i1.696.

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The development of Islamic financial theory today has become an important issue, such as debate over the concept of time value of money. This study aims to find out, first, the concept of money in conventional and Islamic financial systems; second, the basic concept of time value of money; and third, the concept of Economic value of time. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. The results showed that in the conventional financial system, money is considered like a commodity as well as goods and services that can be traded, sold and bought and can be used as objects to speculate, whereas in Islam, money is seen as something that should not be hoarded and should not be wasted or dissipated, money is not seen as a tradable commodity and Islam sees money as a means of exchange and has no value in itself; The concept of time value of money states that the current money utility is higher compared to its utility for the same amount of money in the future; the concept of economic value of time emphasizes that time has economic value rather than money which has time value.
 Keywords: Time Value of Money; Economic Value of Time; Money; Islam; Conventional
 
 Abstrak
 Perkembangan teori keuangan Islam dewasa ini telah menjadi masalah yang hangat diperbincangkan, seperti perdebatan mengenai konsep time value of money. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, pertama, konsep tentang uang dalam sistem keuangan konvensional dan Islam; kedua, konsep dasar time value of money; dan ketiga, konsep Economic value of time. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam sistem keuangan konvensional, uang dianggap seperti komoditas seperti halnya barang dan jasa yang dapat diperdagangkan, dijual serta dibeli dan dapat dijadikan objek untuk berspekulasi, sedangkan dalam Islam, uang dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang tidak boleh ditimbun dan tidak boleh disia-siakan atau dihamburkan, uang tidak dipandang sebagai suatu komoditas yang dapat diperdagangkan dan Islam memandang uang sebagai alat pertukaran dan tidak memiliki nilai dalam dirinya sendiri; Konsep time value of money menyatakan bahwa utilitas uang saat ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan utulitasnya untuk uang dengan jumlah yang sama di waktu yang akan datang; konsep economic value of time menekankan bahwa waktulah yang memiliki nilai ekonomi bukan uang yang memiliki nilai waktu.
 Kata Kunci:Time Value of Money; Economic Value of Time; Uang; Islam; Konvensional.
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6

McGowan, Carl B., and Donald T. Joyner. "Computing Bond Values to Teach Time Value of Money Principles." Applied Finance and Accounting 1, no. 2 (2015): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v1i2.862.

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The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how to use bond valuation to teach students how to use a financial calculator. In this paper, a single bond issuance is examined using three different yields to maturity (i.e. market rates). The present values of a $1000 bond issue, valued with five years to maturity and a ten percent coupon rate, are determined using three different yields to maturity: 8% (which would result in a premium), 10% (which would result in neither a discount nor a premium), and 12% (which would result in a discount). The present value of the bond is determined by calculating the present values of both the coupon payment stream (an annuity) and the maturity value (present value of a lump sum) given three different situations. All three values are determined for each year as the time to maturity decreases. A discount (premium) from a change in the YTM is reduced each year until maturity. The results are shown in tables and graphed in Figure 2.
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7

Nofianti, Leny. "TIME VALUE OF MONEY DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM." JURNAL AL-IQTISHAD 10, no. 2 (2014): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jiq.v10i2.7523.

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8

Ahamed, Naseem. "Time Value of Money : Concepts and Applications." Indian Journal of Finance 14, no. 5-7 (2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2020/v14i5-7/153323.

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9

Hamza, Hichem, and Khoutem ben Jedidia. "Money Time Value and Time Preference in Islamic Perspective." Turkish Journal of Islamic Economics 4, no. 2 (2017): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26414/tujise.2017.4.2.19-35.

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10

Ilyas, Rahmat. "Time Value of Money dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam." AL-'ADALAH 14, no. 1 (2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v14i1.1991.

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This article reveals the Islamic view of the concept of Time Value of Money (referred by economists as positive time preference). This concept states that the value of commodities at present is higher than in the future. Time Value of Money is closely linked to the ‘discount’ concept that exists in capital and investment theory and, in practice, is used as a tool for project evaluation as well as investment decisions. This study concludes that Islam is not familiar with the concept of Time value of money. Islam only recognizes the concept of economic value of time. In Islamic view, money is simply a means of exchange, not a commodity. Similarly, the motive for money demand is to meet the needs of transaction, not for speculation.
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11

do Carmo, Félix. "‘Time is money’ and the value of translation." Fair MT 9, no. 1 (2020): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.00020.car.

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Abstract This article uses a multi-faceted approach to discuss the relation between time, money and different perspectives that help define the value of professional translation. It challenges the narratives created by the translation industry on post-editing as a revision of pre-translated content, confronting them with the detailed description of the task in industry standards and with the reality of translators’ work. The article also addresses the different roles that time plays as an instrument of analysis and evaluation of translation, and as a fundamental factor in the definition of labour relations in the translation market. The main claim of the article is that translation is increasingly specialised high-value work, requiring translators that are able to make complex and efficient decisions, especially when they are expected to work under time restrictions, with the support of content that has been previously processed by machine translation.
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12

Zhi, Rongteng, Yinfeng Xu, and Feifeng Zheng. "Single Machine Scheduling Considering Time Value of Money." IFAC-PapersOnLine 52, no. 13 (2019): 887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.242.

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13

Hamadani, Ali Zeinal, and Hadi Akbarzade Khorshidi. "System reliability optimization using time value of money." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 66, no. 1-4 (2012): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4309-7.

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14

Amir, Vaisal. "“MENGGIRING” ECONOMIC VALUE OF TIME MENJADI TIME VALUE OF MONEY (TELAAH KRITIS PENGGUNAAN ANUITAS)." IMANENSI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi Islam 1, no. 2 (2019): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.34202/imanensi.1.2.2014.97-102.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan lebih jauh mengenai konsep economic value of time apakah sudah sesuai dengan semangat ekonomi Islam jika dibandingkan dengan legalisasi penggunaan rumus matematika teori ekonomi konvensional. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori kajian literatur kritis dimana nilai-nilai Islam menjadi landasan filosofisnya. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan anuitas (sebagai representasi penggunaan perhitungan matematis dalam ekonomi Islam) pada hakikatnya masih mengandung unsur semangat kapitalisme dan ketidakadilan yang notabene sudah keluar dari aturan syariah. Di dalam anuitas juga masih melekat semangat pelanggengan riba’, dimana anuitas masih menggunakan nilai waktu dari uang (time value of money).
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15

Min Tae -Uk. "The Time Value of Money and The Tax Law." Seoul Tax Law Review 13, no. 2 (2007): 527–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.16974/stlr.2007.13.2.015.

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16

Halperin, Daniel I. "Interest in Disguise: Taxing the "Time Value of Money"." Yale Law Journal 95, no. 3 (1986): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/796488.

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17

Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq, and M. Kabir Hassan. "The Time Value of Money Concept in Islamic Finance." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 23, no. 1 (2006): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v23i1.436.

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The time value of money is a basic investment concept and a basic element in the conventional theory of finance. The Shari`ah does not rule out this consideration, for it does not prohibit any increment in a loan given to cover the price of a commodity in any sale contract to be paid at a future date. What is prohibited, however, is making money’s time value an element of any lending relationship that considers it to have a predetermined value. Here, the Shari`ah requires that a loan be due in the same currency in which it was given. The value (i.e., purchasing power) of paper currencies varies due to changes in many variables over which the two parties of a loan contract usually have no control. This study examines possible modus operandi of time valuation according to the Shari`ah’s precepts vis-à-vis the concept of money, and whether any value can be attributed to time while considering money’s value. For this purpose, it investigates the juristic views on such relevant issues as the permissibility of difference between a commodity’s cash and credit prices and an increase and reduction of the loan’s amount in return for early repayment.
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18

Farnum, Bret. "The time value of money and orthodontic billing procedures." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 94, no. 2 (1988): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(88)90364-2.

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19

Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq, and M. Kabir Hassan. "The Time Value of Money Concept in Islamic Finance." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 1 (2006): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i1.436.

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The time value of money is a basic investment concept and a basic element in the conventional theory of finance. The Shari`ah does not rule out this consideration, for it does not prohibit any increment in a loan given to cover the price of a commodity in any sale contract to be paid at a future date. What is prohibited, however, is making money’s time value an element of any lending relationship that considers it to have a predetermined value. Here, the Shari`ah requires that a loan be due in the same currency in which it was given. The value (i.e., purchasing power) of paper currencies varies due to changes in many variables over which the two parties of a loan contract usually have no control. This study examines possible modus operandi of time valuation according to the Shari`ah’s precepts vis-à-vis the concept of money, and whether any value can be attributed to time while considering money’s value. For this purpose, it investigates the juristic views on such relevant issues as the permissibility of difference between a commodity’s cash and credit prices and an increase and reduction of the loan’s amount in return for early repayment.
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20

McKeon, Ryan. "Empirical patterns of time value decay in options." China Finance Review International 7, no. 4 (2017): 429–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cfri-09-2016-0108.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct an empirical analysis of the pattern of time value decay in listed equity options, considering both call and put options and different moneyness and maturity levels. Design/methodology/approach The research design is empirical, with great attention paid to creating a standardized measure of time value that can be both tracked over time for an individual option contract and meaningfully compared across two or more different option contracts. Findings The author finds that moneyness classification at the beginning of the holding period is the key determinant of the pattern of subsequent time decay. The type of option, call or put, and the maturity of the contract have surprisingly little relevance to the pattern of time decay “out-the-money contracts having similar patterns on average, regardless of whether they are calls or puts, 30-day or 60-day contracts.” More detailed analysis reveals that In-the-money and out-the-money contracts have slow time decay for most of the contract life, with a significant percentage of the time decay concentrated on the final day of the option. At-the-money contracts experience strong decay early in the life of the option. Research limitations/implications The study is limited by not having intra-day data included to analyze more frequent price movements. Practical implications The results reported in the paper provide insight into issues of active management facing options traders, specifically choices such as the initial maturity of the option contract and rollover frequency. Originality/value Very few studies examine the important issue of how option time value behaves. Time value is the subjective part of the option contract value, and therefore very difficult to predict and understand. This paper provides insight into typical empirical patterns of time value behavior.
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21

Alimuddin, Agus. "PERAN UANG DALAM PRODUKSI (Telaah Economic Value of Time sebagai Penunjang Faktor Produksi)." Adzkiya : Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah 8, no. 1 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/adzkiya.v8i1.1871.

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Money is a medium that stores value so as to change the purchasing power in the future and have a good stability, money has a role in the production process that aims to create goods or services to meet human needs So that the production process can be fulfilled and carried out according to planned objectives. Money as a support in maximizing the production factors, without the role of money then will experience slowness in the production process aknew even experience setbacks. Researchers use the review of the library with a descriptive-analysis method to display the analysis done, by trying to compare the problems studied with related Literaetur on the problem being observed, this study Analyzing the role of money in production (studying the economic value of time as supporting the production factor), production has the factors to be fulfilled namely, capital, natural resources, manpower, and production management, in meeting the factors Production often lacks producers in the fulfillment of factors in the production process, money becomes supporting that can help in fulfilling the needs by obtaining and using money in accordance with Islamic values and used To meet human needs.
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22

Verbooy, Kaya, Renske Hoefman, Job van Exel, and Werner Brouwer. "Time Is Money: Investigating the Value of Leisure Time and Unpaid Work." Value in Health 21, no. 12 (2018): 1428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.1828.

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23

Khoir, Misbahul. "Nilai Waktu Dari Uang Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam." JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 1, no. 1 (2016): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jes.v1i1.5.

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The time value of money is associated with the current value and future value because the money received now is more worth than the money received in the future. However, is the concept of time value of money is appropriate and justified by the Shari'ah? The time value of money is a concept that says that the money of the one rupiah that can be received today is more worth than one rupiah which will be received in the future time. The concept of time value of money is needed by financial managers in making decision when will invest in an asset and determine the source of loan funds that will be chosen. Methods for the time value of money pervade; a) the method of average rate of return. This method measures the level of profit gained by an investment. The disadvantage of this method is ignoring the time value of money; b) the payback period method. The method measures how fast the investment return is, the sooner the better; c) method of net present value (NPV). This method calculates quarrel between the current value of investment and the present value of net cash receipts in the future and calculates quarrel between the present value of cash outflow (investment) and cash inflow (income) per year; d) profitability index method (PI). This method calculates ratio between the present value of net cash receipts in the future and the present value of the investment; and e) the methods of internal rate of return (IRR). If IRR > saving or profit required → decent. Islam views money as a flow concept. Money must rotate in an economy and may not be idle for too long time. Moreover, it lets for years. Islam does not recognize the method of time value of money because this method adds value to money solely with increasing time and not effort. Islam actually knows the money value of time; that is the time has economic value as well as the money value of money. Imam Nawawi provides definition related to value addition for money based solely on the value of time is the category of riba.
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24

Mujibatun, Siti. "INKONSISTENSI PRINSIP TIME VALUE OF MONEY DALAM OPERASIONAL TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN SYARIAH DAN SOLUSINYA." Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 7, no. 2 (2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/economica.2016.7.2.1159.

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<p><em>The concept of Time Value of Money in the LKS is not accepted because of riba, but in practically mainly on small investors to invest, will face a big problem if it rejects the principle of Time Value of Money, whenever any country will have inflation. will be injustice when Islamic banking do not give a rate of return to the investor. The research is a qualitative, primary data sources and data collection consisted of a document. The Brochure of Product Financing Transactions in LKS, b). Fatwa DSN-MUI 2000, c). CD-ROM File Maushu'ah al-Hadith al-Sharif al-Tis'ah 1997 Edition II, d). The Books related to the concept of Time Value of Money, e). SOP (Standard Operational Product) financing and acounting system. Secondary data consists of various books related to the concept of Time Value of Money both modern and classical fiqh books and Research results related to this research problem. This research analyzes the discriftive approach, with results as follows: 1. Time Value of Money in the LKS is not acceptable, because the increase in the Time Value of Money earned should be of real business, not because of the debt contract / qardh 2. Time Value of Money by economic concepts Hadis Muhammad saw among other things contained in the contract of salam/ indent, BBA and 'disconto, araya and provision for debt payments 3. the occurrence of in-consistency between ideology Time Value of Money with praxis in LKS due in addition to not paying attention to the business logic of the Prophet, helplessness in operating system usage still based on the operating system Conventional Financial Institutions (LKK).</em></p>
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Kristjanson-Gural, David. "Money Is Time: The Monetary Expression of Value in Marx's Theory of Value." Rethinking Marxism 20, no. 2 (2008): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08935690801917221.

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26

Myers, Roger R., David J. Mack, Daniel E. Kendrick, George T. Woo, David L. Matz, and Derek S. Hina. "The Value of Cement Innovation: Reduced Cycle Time Saves Money." SPE Drilling & Completion 20, no. 03 (2005): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/84839-pa.

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27

Dowd, Kevin. "The Value of Time and the Transactions Demand for Money." Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 22, no. 1 (1990): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1992127.

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28

Mokhlesian, Maryam, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Fatemi Ghomi, and Fariborz Jolai. "Economic lot scheduling problem with consideration of money time value." International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 1, no. 2 (2010): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijiec.2010.02.002.

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Arellano, Fernando, Liz Mulig, and Susan Rhame. "Teaching Time Value Of Money Using An Excel Retirement Model." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 5, no. 6 (2012): 663–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v5i6.7389.

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The time value of money (TVM) is required knowledge for all business students. It is traditionally taught in finance and accounting classes for use in various applications in the business curriculum. These concepts are also very useful in real life situations such as calculating the amount to save for retirement. This paper details a retirement model that can be built during class to teach TVM. While traditional teaching methods give small pieces of the TVM picture, then exercises to reinforce that partial knowledge, this model incorporates many TVM techniques into one Excel modeling exercise. The model incorporates both TVM functions that are included in Excel and other formulas that must be entered into Excel by the student modeler. Unlike some other articles that focus on how much should be saved annually assuming a constant salary, this exercise focuses on a percentage of income to be saved. The model also addresses an assumed growth factor in the salary and the issue of inflation. This modeling tool is presented to adults in graduate level classes, so it incorporates the fact that they might already have some savings coming into this retirement planning exercise. This method of teaching TVM has several objectives. Primarily, the exercise contributes to the learning of TVM concepts and techniques. It also shows how the equations modeled here can be used to solve retirement planning questions, while contributing to the personal financial literacy of students, and improving model building skills in Excel.
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Hosseinzadeh Lotfi, Farhad, Golamreza Jahanshahloo, Mohsen Vaez-Ghasemi, and Zohreh Moghaddas. "Modified Malmquist Productivity Index Based on Present Time Value of Money." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/607190.

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Data envelopment analysis (DEA) models can calculate the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Classic Malmquist Productivity Index shows regress and progress of a DMU in different periods with efficiency and technology variations without considering the present value of money. This issue is of major importance since while a currency of in previous year is not equal to that of now this would yield bias results which can affect the correct interpretation. The index developed here is defined in terms of Modified Malmquist Productivity Index model, which can calculate progress and regress by using the factor of present time value of money. The incorporation of present time value of money is also calculated within the framework of data envelopment analysis. This factor is fundamental and should be considered in DEA Malmquist Productivity Index. Moreover, here, differences between presented models are compared to those of previous ones indeed, biased results will be shown in the case study in banks, and problem and solution have been investigated in the literature.
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Triyono, Triyono. "ANALISIS TIME DEPOSIT MONEY DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 7, no. 2 (2007): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v7i2.3987.

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Time deposit is one of the expected banking product can gather people money significantly. Gathered people money can be used to fulfill attainment of economy growth target. In reality, position of time deposit often fluctuate caused many economic factors.This research aim is to examine economic factors which theoretically influence time deposit. The factors are inflation rate, national income, deposit rate, Rupiah exchange rate to dollar and invesment value. Result of the research indicates variables that influence position of time deposit are inflation and time deposit one year before
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O Reilly, David Edward, Ronan Andrew McLaughlin, Anne-Marie DeFrein, et al. "Value for money in genitourinary oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 6_suppl (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.1.

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1 Background: Innovation in the treatment of genitourinary (GU) malignancies is accelerating, however, many of these new treatments are often not available for patients. We sought to investigate patient access, cost and value of new systemic anti-cancer compounds (SACTs) in GU oncology. We compared the US and Europe with a focus on the United Kingdom (UK) and the Republic of Ireland (IRL). Methods: Data on licensing and reimbursement decisions was collected on SACTs approved for GU oncology between 01/01/2010 to 09/01/2020. Overall survival (OS) benefit, progression free survival (PFS) benefit and cost of therapy were included in our analysis. Results: There were 29 regimens/indications approved by the Federal Drug Agency (FDA) for GU malignancies between 2010 and 2020. The majority of these (21/29, 72%) were also approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Nearly all regimens/indications were approved by the FDA prior to the EMA (27/29, 93%), with a median time to EMA approval of 4 months (SD = 6, range -6 to 17). Only a minority of these regimens/indications are reimbursed by the public health systems in the UK (12/29, 41%) and IRL (6/29, 21%). Following EMA approval, public reimbursement of these regimens in the UK and IRL is often delayed with a median time of 8 months (+/- 6.3, range 4 - 21) and 11.5 months (+/- 12.5, range 0 - 33) respectively. Approximately half (15/29, 52%) of all reimbursed regimens/indications have demonstrated an overall survival benefit for patients. Androgen signalling inhibitors (ASIs) are more likely to have a proven OS benefit and had a lower mean cost than non-ASI regimens (See Table). A significant minority of regimens/indications (6/29, 21%) have demonstrated neither an OS or PFS benefit. The median price per month (USA list price) was $15,086 +/- $7,019. Regimens with a proven OS benefit were not more expensive than those without ($14,229 +/- $6,466 versus $16,004 +/- $7,704). There was no significant correlation between the length of OS benefit and the cost of regimens (Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient = -2.72, p = 0.445). Conclusions: Patients in the UK and IRL experience clinically significant delays in accessing FDA approved regimens in GU oncology. Only 52% of these regimens have a proven OS benefit. In our study, ASI regimens are cheaper and more effective than non-ASI regimens. There is no association between overall survival benefit and list prices in the USA. We need to radically overhaul licensing and funding of SACTs in GU oncology to ensure continued access for patients to effective medicines. [Table: see text]
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33

Martin, Helen. "Do Placement Visits Offer Value for Money?" British Journal of Occupational Therapy 68, no. 4 (2005): 186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802260506800408.

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Educational institutions, in line with other government-funded bodies, are required to justify how they spend their money. Visiting students on placement on a routine basis is costly in terms of staff time, travelling and subsistence expenses. Therefore, this opinion piece considers whether this practice offers value for money. It examines this question from the perspectives of the student, the placement staff and the university, and suggests that the gains outweigh the costs.
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34

Wang, Guogang. "Marx’s monetary theory and its practical value." China Political Economy 2, no. 2 (2019): 182–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpe-10-2019-0026.

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Purpose Marx’s monetary theory is an important part of Marxist economics and an irreplaceable milestone in the intellectual history of the monetary theory. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the main content of Marx’s monetary theory from three aspects: the source and nature of money, the function of money and the historical significance of money. Design/methodology/approach Moreover, this paper also gives an extended understanding of Marx’s monetary theory from four perspectives: the endogenous credit mechanism of money, the functions of money and demands for money, the financial function of money and the economic and social functions of money. Findings Lastly, the present paper discusses the practical significance of Marx’s monetary theory from three perspectives, namely, the inspection of “Bitcoin” from the nature and function of money, the definition of demands and the division of supplies at the monetary level, and the prevention of systemic financial risks and the focus of financial supervision. Originality/value Marx’s monetary theory is an important part of Marxist economics and an irreplaceable milestone in the intellectual history of the monetary theory. However, for a long time, the contribution of Marx has rarely been mentioned in the intellectual history of monetary theory. Even the book, Political Economy (On Capitalism), has been only summarily concerned with the source and function of money in Marx’s monetary theory, rather than revealing Marx’s outstanding contribution in the monetary theory and the financial connotation of Marx’s monetary theory, and expounding its practical significance.
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35

Nordström, Maria, Sven Ove Hansson, and Muriel Beser Hugosson. "Let Me Save You Some Time... On Valuing Travelers’ Time in Urban Transportation." Essays in Philosophy 20, no. 2 (2019): 206–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/1526-0569.1640.

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Systems of urban transportation are largely shaped through planning practices. In transport economics, the benefits of infrastructure investments consist mainly of travel time savings calculated using monetary values of time. The economic interpretation of the value of travel time has significantly shaped our urban environment and transportation schemes. However, there is often an underlying assumption of transferability between time and money, which arguably does not sufficiently take into account the specific features of time. In this paper, we analyze the various properties of time as an economic resource using findings in behavioral economics and psychology. Due to limitations in the standard model, it is proposed that an alternative model value should be investigated in which time rather than money is the primary carrier of and the basic features of such a model are outlined. An improved understanding the nature of time as a source of utility puts us in a better position to determine what aspects of time matter. Additionally, the analysis can be applied to further develop modeling where value of time plays a significant role; such as new models for the planning of urban transport.
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36

Arize, Augustine C., and Ali F. Darrat. "The Value of Time and Recent U. S. Money Demand Instability." Southern Economic Journal 60, no. 3 (1994): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1060567.

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37

Laverdiere, Raymond. "A Simplified Mathematical Approach to the Time Value of Money Calculation." Journal of Education for Business 63, no. 1 (1987): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08832323.1987.10117270.

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38

AJIENKA, JOSEPH A., and OLUBUNMI O. OWOLABI. "Effects of Inflation and Time Value of Money on Drilling Optimization." Energy Sources 15, no. 3 (1993): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319308909038.

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39

Abdul Khir, Mohamed Fairooz. "The Concept of the Time Value of Money : A Shari‘Ah Viewpoint." International Journal of Excellence in Islamic Banking and Finance 3, no. 2 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0001426.

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40

Grubb, Farley. "Colonial Virginia's paper money, 1755–1774: value decomposition and performance." Financial History Review 25, no. 2 (2018): 113–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565018000057.

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Colonial Virginia's legislature introduced an inside paper money into its domestic economy that was, at that time, primarily a barter economy without any government or bank-issued inside paper monies in circulation. I decompose Virginia's paper money into its expected real-asset present value, risk discount and transaction premium. The value of Virginia's paper money was determined primarily by its real-asset present value. The transaction premium was small. Positive risk discounts occurred in years when monetary troubles were suspected, namely worries that the government would not redeem the paper money as promised. Counterfeiting, however, was not one of these worries. The legislature had the tools and used them effectively to mitigate the effects of counterfeiting on the value of its paper money. Colonial Virginia's paper money was not a fiat currency, but a barter asset, with just enough transaction premium to make it the preferred medium of exchange for local transactions. It functioned like a zero-coupon bond and traded below face value due to time-discounting, not depreciation.
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41

Hung, Kuo-Chen. "Continuous review inventory models under time value of money and crashable lead time consideration." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 21, no. 2 (2011): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor1102293h.

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A stock is an asset if it can react to economic and seasonal influences in the management of the current assets. The financial manager must calculate the input of funds to the stock intelligently and the amount of money cycled through stocks, taking into account the time factors in the future. The purpose of this paper is to propose an inventory model considering issues of crash cost and current value. The sensitivity analysis of each parameter, in this research, differs from the traditional approach. We utilize a course of deduction with sound mathematics to develop several lemmas and one theorem to estimate optimal solutions. This study first tries to find the optimal order quantity at all lengths of lead time with components crashed at their minimum duration. Second, a simple method to locate the optimal solution unlike traditional sensitivity analysis is developed. Finally, some numerical examples are given to illustrate all lemmas and the theorem in the solution algorithm.
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42

Cicovacki, Predrag. "Finding the Proper Measure: The Value of Money Versus Higher Values." Ethical Thought 20, no. 2 (2020): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-4870-2020-20-2-132-144.

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In our consumerist world, our values center around the possession of money and the possi­bility of buying things we have never imagined we need. Shopping has become our lifestyle to the extent that our sense of freedom seems to be reduced to a choice between brands. I ex­amine this state of affairs from three perspectives: apologetic, critical, and one attempting to balance our obsession with money and shopping with a proper understanding of higher values. Following Nicolai Hartmann, I develop the last of these standpoints. We should not be too concerned about our love for shopping, nor is there anything wrong with convincing people to buy things they had never imagined they needed. But it is problematic when we spend more time shopping than with our children and reorganize our schools as if they are corporations created to make profit. The problem of our age is that we place money, shop­ping, and economic values in a position that is inappropriately high: we see the highlights of our lives in shopping and the acquisition of new things, while their values are far lower. The central task of our age is to find the right balance between low and strong material val­ues and high and weak personal values.
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Kuntsevich, Ilya V., and Roman V. Libkhen. "The Money Paradox." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 8, no. 3 (2020): p16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v8n3p16.

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Money has two key properties—accumulation (value) and liquidity (exchange), which results in what we define as “The Money Paradox”. In the language of Physics, money can be in either static (value, potential energy) or dynamic (exchange, kinetic energy) state, however the same money can’t be both static and dynamic at the same time because the states are mutually exclusive. In our paper we discuss the conditions under which money changes its state and how such transformations impact continuity (stability) of economics. Our goal is to identify the measures of continuity and thus sustainability of economic activity, as well as to help determine a point in time when new money must be infused into a financial system in order to maintain a continuous production and exchange of goods and services within an economic system without interruption, i.e., a financial crisis.
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44

Choirunnisak, Choirunnisak, Choiriyah Choiriyah, and Sapridah Sapridah. "Konsep Uang Dalam Islam." SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i 6, no. 4 (2019): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v6i4.13719.

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Abstract.This research discusses how the concept of money in Islam. This research is a type of library research that focuses on qualitative data management with data analysis methods using the description-analysis method. The results of this study stated that money is capital money, money is not identical with capital, money is public goods, capital is private goods, money is flow concept, capital is stock concept. Money is not a commodity, even money in the Islamic concept is not included in the utility function. In Islam there is no time value of money. Islam only knows the Economic Value of Time and money is a flow concept.Keywords: Concept, Money, Islam Abstrak.Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana konsep uang dalam Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pustaka (library research) yang menitikberatkan pada pengelolaan data secara kualitatif dengan metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskripsi-analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Uang adalah uang capital, uang tidak identik dengan modal, uang adalah public goods, modal adalah private goods, uang adalah flow concept, modal adalah stock concept. Uang bukan suatu komoditi, bahkan uang dalam konsep Islam tidak termasuk dalam fungsi utility. Dalam Islam tidak mengenal adanya time value of money. Islam hanya mengenal Economic Value of Time dan uang adalah flow concept.Kata Kunci; Konsep, Uang, Islam
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45

Sgambati, Stefano. "The Significance of Money Beyond Ingham’s Sociology of Money." European Journal of Sociology 56, no. 2 (2015): 307–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975615000144.

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AbstractUnderstanding money requires that we first grasp what makes money so significant—so valuable—to us. The article thus examines the sociology outlined by Geoffrey Ingham and criticises its ontology of money as a measure of value underpinned by state authority. By contrast, it argues that money ought to be primarily intended as value in itself. Accordingly, money’s most specific attribute is none of its canonical functions but rather purchasing power: the power not to pay, or else the power to buy time. The latter is not the mere product of state (fiscal) agency, but is entangled from the start with the production of liquidity and the construction of speculative markets for debt. Thus the paper emphasises the importance of concrete bank discounting vis-à-vis abstract accounting in concrete processes of monetisation, and shows how modern money, far from cancelling debts, is historically constructed within liquid financial relations so as to “buy time” and systematically procrastinate the final “rendering of accounts” for debtors. As a result, money cannot exist without the simultaneous existence of a debt that it will never discharge.
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46

Grubb, Farley. "Colonial New Jersey Paper Money, 1709–1775: Value Decomposition and Performance." Journal of Economic History 76, no. 4 (2016): 1216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050716001029.

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I decompose the market value of Colonial New Jersey's paper money into its component parts, namely its real-asset present value and transaction premium. Its market value was predominately determined by its real-asset present value. I also find a small transaction premium that is positively associated with the quantity of paper money in circulation and with the land-bank method of paper money injection. This paper money was not a fiat currency. It traded below face value due to time-discounting not depreciation.
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Schmidt, Carolin E. "A Journey Through Time: From The Present Value To The Future Value And Back Or: Retirement Planning: A Comprehensible Application Of The Time Value Of Money Concept." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 9, no. 3 (2016): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v9i3.9701.

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Real-life applications of financial concepts are a valuable method to get students engaged in financial topics. While especially non-finance majors often struggle to understand the importance of financial topics for their personal lives, applying these theories to real-life examples can significantly improve their learning experience and increase their understanding. This teaching case demonstrates how the time value of money concept can be applied to one’s private retirement planning. Because of its simple assumptions, the case is targeted at an audience with little financial knowledge and can be used in finance as well as in accounting classes.
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48

Biswas, Pranab, and Surapati Pramanik. "Fuzzy Approach to Replacement Problem with Value of Money Changes with Time." International Journal of Computer Applications 30, no. 10 (2011): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/3676-5151.

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49

Prasher, Leena, and S. R. Singh. "Optimal production policies for reverse logistic model under time value of money." International Journal of Operational Research 29, no. 4 (2017): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijor.2017.085098.

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50

Prasher, Leena, and S. R. Singh. "Optimal production policies for reverse logistic model under time value of money." International Journal of Operational Research 29, no. 4 (2017): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijor.2017.10005781.

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