Academic literature on the topic 'Times of intercrop. eng'
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Journal articles on the topic "Times of intercrop. eng"
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Guardia, Guillermo, Diego Abalos, Sonia García-Marco, et al. "Effect of cover crops on greenhouse gas emissions in an irrigated field under integrated soil fertility management." Biogeosciences 13, no. 18 (2016): 5245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5245-2016.
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Abstract. Agronomical and environmental benefits are associated with replacing winter fallow by cover crops (CCs). Yet, the effect of this practice on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions remains poorly understood. In this context, a field experiment was carried out under Mediterranean conditions to evaluate the effect of replacing the traditional winter fallow (F) by vetch (Vicia sativa L.; V) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.; B) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the intercrop and the maize (Zea mays L.) cropping period. The maize was fertilized following integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) criteria. Maize nitrogen (N) uptake, soil mineral N concentrations, soil temperature and moisture, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and GHG fluxes were measured during the experiment. Our management (adjusted N synthetic rates due to ISFM) and pedo-climatic conditions resulted in low cumulative N2O emissions (0.57 to 0.75 kg N2O-N ha−1 yr−1), yield-scaled N2O emissions (3–6 g N2O-N kg aboveground N uptake−1) and N surplus (31 to 56 kg N ha−1) for all treatments. Although CCs increased N2O emissions during the intercrop period compared to F (1.6 and 2.6 times in B and V, respectively), the ISFM resulted in similar cumulative emissions for the CCs and F at the end of the maize cropping period. The higher C : N ratio of the B residue led to a greater proportion of N2O losses from the synthetic fertilizer in these plots when compared to V. No significant differences were observed in CH4 and CO2 fluxes at the end of the experiment. This study shows that the use of both legume and nonlegume CCs combined with ISFM could provide, in addition to the advantages reported in previous studies, an opportunity to maximize agronomic efficiency (lowering synthetic N requirements for the subsequent cash crop) without increasing cumulative or yield-scaled N2O losses.
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Dutra, Wellison F., Alberto S. de Melo, Alexson F. Dutra, Marcos E. B. Brito, Luanna M. B. Filgueiras, and Carlos H. S. G. Meneses. "Photosynthetic efficiency, gas exchange and yield of castor bean intercropped with peanut in semiarid Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 21, no. 2 (2017): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n2p106-110.
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ABSTRACT To evaluate the photosynthetic efficiency, gas exchange and yield of castor bean intercropped with peanut under Brazilian semiarid conditions, a field experiment was set up with six treatments and four replicates arranged in a randomized block design. The experiment consisted of the cultivation of castor bean ‘BRS Energia’ in a monocrop system and intercropped with peanut ‘BR 1’. One treatment was formed by monocropped castor bean and the others by the castor bean intercropped with peanut with different intercrop establishment times, i.e. peanut sowing times (0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after castor bean sowing). The castor bean photosynthetic and carboxylation efficiencies were higher in the intercrop system with a 25-day interval between sowings. Peanut sowing at 0 to 10 days after castor bean sowing in the intercropped system affected the photochemical efficiency of the latter, which resulted in its yield reduction. Larger intervals between sowing of peanut ‘BR-1’ and of the main crop increased castor bean yield in the intercrop system.
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PITAN, OLUFEMI O. R., and G. O. OLATUNDE. "Effects of intercropping tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) at different times with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) or okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) on crop damage by major insect pests." Journal of Agricultural Science 144, no. 4 (2006): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859606006277.
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Two 2-year field trials were conducted in Nigeria to investigate the effectiveness of tomato intercropped at different times with cowpea or okra in controlling the field densities of cowpea pod-sucking bugs and okra flea beetles. The two experiments were arranged as split-plots within a randomized complete block design. The main plots were 4-week-old tomato seedlings transplanted into a field, with cowpea or okra intercropped at 0, 2 or 4 weeks after transplanting tomatoes, while the two sub-plots were cowpea or okra sole crop and tomato/cowpea or tomato/okra intercrop. The densities of the pod-sucking bugs Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Riptortus dentipes, Anoplocnemis curvipes and Nezara viridula were significantly lower (P<0·05) on cowpea intercropped at 2 weeks after transplanting tomatoes than those obtained in the sole crop. Similarly, cowpea seed damage was significantly lower (P<0·05) on cowpea planted at 2 and 4 weeks after transplanting tomatoes than in the monocrop and when cowpea and tomato were planted simultaneously. Cowpea yields were influenced by both time of intercropping and cropping system; in the intercrop, the highest yield was obtained at 2 weeks after transplanting tomatoes. In the tomato/okra intercrop, the numbers of flea beetles (Podagrica spp.) were significantly influenced (P<0·05) by cropping system alone; their density was significantly lower (P<0·05) in the intercrop than in the sole crop irrespective of time of intercropping. Similarly, damage was significantly higher (P<0·05) in the sole crop than in the intercrop while yield comparable to that of the monocrop was obtained at 2 WAT. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) for cowpea (1·8 and 1·6) or okra (0·7 and 0·8) was obtained at 2 weeks after transplanting tomatoes in both years. Two weeks after tomato establishment appeared to be the best time to introduce either cowpea or okra into the cropping system.
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Santos, Paulo Ricardo Alves dos, Carlos Alessandro Chioderoli, Alexsandro Oliveira da Silva, et al. "Physical Attributes of the Soil and Maize Productivity Under an Intercrop System." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 12 (2018): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n12p358.
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The intensive use of agricultural areas for farming, together with inadequate management, can cause soil degradation and promote a low-quality environment for crops; An intercrop system of maize and forage can therefore be an alternative to existing production systems. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of intercropping maize with forage on the physical attributes of the soil and on productivity in maize, as a function of the sowing season and different forages, in the northeastern region of Brazil. A trial intercrop of maize with three forages (Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum &lsquo;Mombasa&rsquo;, and Crotalaria spectabilis a.) was planted at two different times: phase 1-forage sown between the rows of maize, mixed with the basal dressing; and phase 2-forage sown between the rows, at the V4 stage in maize; in addition to maize with no intercrop (control). The trial was carried out in a randomised block design, with four replications. Forage Mombasa inserted in phase 1 (1) and phase (2) of sowing favored higher values of macroporosity in the layers 0.0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m respectively. For the mass of 1000 grains and grain yield, there were no significant differences between the treatments when compared to the exclusive corn. It was concluded that the maize-forage intercrop promotes changes in the physical attributes of the soil (macroporosity, total porosity and density), and that maize productivity is not affected by the intercrop system.
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Chesney, Patrick, Linda Wessel-Beaver, and Donald N. Maynard. "Both Traditional and Semi-bush Tropical Pumpkin Can Be Intercropped with Beans or Cowpeas." HortScience 39, no. 3 (2004): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.3.525.
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Most cultivars of tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) are large, trailing plants. New semi-bush (SB) genotypes need to be tested against traditional long vine (LV) types. Both types of pumpkin have large amounts of interplant space during the early stages of growth that might allow for the planting of an intercrop. To test this hypothesis, as well as the performance of tropical pumpkins of varying growth habit, double rows of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) or cowpeas [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] were intercropped between rows of SB or traditional LV tropical pumpkin in Spring and Fall 1993 in Lajas and Isabela, Puerto Rico. In general, interactions between intercrop treatment and pumpkin genotype were not significant. At its maximum percentage cover (MC) the LV genotype covered, or nearly covered, the entire plot while the SB genotype covered 50% of the plot or less. The SB pumpkin was harvested 5 to 27 days earlier than the LV type. Yield was two to 12 times greater, and average fruit size three to six times greater in the latter. Planting of an intercrop did not reduce pumpkin yield. Green-shelled yields of intercropped legumes averaged ≈700 kg·ha-1. Genotype of the pumpkin maincrop did not affect legume green-shelled yields in Lajas. In Isabela, legume green-shelled yields were 50% higher in SB than in LV pumpkin plots. Legume dry grain yields were greatly reduced in LV compared to SB plots. Intercropping of tropical pumpkin with a short season legume that can be harvested green-shelled is an efficient intercropping system that offers additional yield from the legume without sacrificing yield from the pumpkin maincrop. Both SB and LV pumpkins can be used in an intercrop system, but pumpkin yields were much greater with the LV genotype.
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Odedina, Joy N., Sunday Ojo Adigbo, Peter Kulako, et al. "Effect of cropping system and age of plant at harvest on tuber rot and performance of elite cassava varieties in derived savannah." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 109, no. 2 (2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2017.109.2.01.
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Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varieties in the intercrop and the practice of delaying harvesting when there is glut in the market necessitated this study. Trial was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta between 2011 and 2014 to evaluate yield performance of 21 elite cassava varieties planted as sole crop verse intercropped and harvested at different age. The 2 x 21 x 3 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The tuber yield obtained from sole plot in 2011/2012 cropping season was significantly higher than intercrop whereas those of 2012/2014 cropping season were similar. Land Equivalent Ratio was above one in both cropping seasons indicating that the performance of the improved varieties in intercrop was efficient. The pooled mean tuber yield showed that TMS 30572, 92/0326, 95/0211, 01/1371, 00/0338, 01/0046, 00/0098, 01/1097, 01/0085, 98/0581 and 98/510 were among the top eight varieties. Harvesting could be delayed up to 15 months after planting to reduce tuber rot.
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Borghi, Emerson, Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin, Adriano Stephan Nascente, Ciniro Costa, and Gustavo Pavan Mateus. "Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 5 (2014): 1457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000500011.
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Nitrogen is required in large amounts by plants and their dinamics in corn and perennial forages intercropped is little known. This study analyzed the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) applied after corn grain harvest to palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) in intercrops sown at two times, as well as the N residual effect on the subsequent corn crop. The field experiment was performed in Botucatu, São Paulo State, in southeastern Brazil, on a structured Alfisol under no-tillage. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a split plot scheme with four replications. The main plots consisted of two intercropping systems (corn and palisadegrass sown together and palisadegrass sown later, at corn top-dressing fertilization). The subplots consisted of four N rates (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 N). The subplots contained microplots, in which enriched ammonium nitrate (15NH4NO3) was applied at the same rates. The time of intercrop sowing affected forage dry matter production, the amount of fertilizer-derived N in and the N use efficiency by the forage plants. Nitrogen applied in autumn to palisadegrass intercropped with corn, planted either at corn sowing or at N top-dressing fertilization, increased the forage yield up to a rate of 60 kg ha-1. The amount of fertilizer-derived N by the forage plants and the fertilizer use efficiency by palisadegrass were highest 160 days after fertilization for both intercrop sowing times, regardless of N rates. Residual N did not affect the N nutrition of corn plants grown in succession to palisadegrass, but increased grain yield at rates of 60 and 120 kg ha-1 N, when corn was grown on palisadegrass straw from the intercrop installed at corn fertilization (top-dressing). Our results indicated that the earlier intercropping allowed higher forage dry matter production. On the other hand, the later intercrop allowed a higher corn grain yield in succession to N-fertilized palisadegrass.
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Jiménez-Calderón, J. D., A. Martínez-Fernández, A. Soldado, A. González, and F. Vicente. "Faba bean-rapeseed silage as substitute for Italian ryegrass silage: effects on performance and milk quality of grazing dairy cows." Animal Production Science 60, no. 7 (2020): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17905.
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Three trials were conducted to study the effect of including in the ration of dairy cows the intercrop faba bean-rapeseed or Italian ryegrass silages on feed intake, milk quality and enteric methane emissions. Ten lactating Holstein cows, randomly allocated in two groups, were used in each trial in a crossover design. Dry matter intake and milk yield were recorded daily for each data period. Milk was sampled for analyses three times per period. Enteric methane emission was estimated applying a model that includes bodyweight, dry matter intake, nutritional values of feeds and milk composition. Concentrate and grass intake did not differ between treatments, while total mixed ration intake was higher with Italian ryegrass silage. Milk yield and protein concentration also increased with the Italian ryegrass treatment. The milk urea concentration was higher with the faba bean and rapeseed diet. Fatty acid profiles were affected by feeding strategy. Thereby, t11 18:1, c9 18:1 and total unsaturated fatty acid were higher when the intercrop silage was fed. As consequence, atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index were lower under that treatment. Estimated enteric methane emissions did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, faba bean-rapeseed intercrop can be an alternative to Italian ryegrass to feed dairy cows. The rations formulated with the intercrop silage have potential to improve the milk fatty acid content, and show healthier profiles for consumers. However, it would be useful to study the protein content of these crops to avoid possible excess urea in milk and to maintain sustainable milk yield and milk protein content.
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Ijoyah, Michael Ojore, Felix Terna Fanen, and Moses Onyilo Egbe. "Egusi Melon-Okra Intercrop: Yield Effects as Influenced by the Interaction of Time of Introducing Okra x Cropping Systems at Makurdi, Nigeria." International Letters of Natural Sciences 38 (May 2015): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.38.27.
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A field experiment was conducted from August to November, during the 2012 and 2013 cropping seasons at the Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria, to evaluate the yield effects of egusi melon-okra intercrop as influenced by the interaction of time of introducing okra x cropping systems, and to assess the yield advantages of the intercropping system. The experiment was a 3x3 split plot arrangement of treatments, fitted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), replicated four times. The cropping systems (sole egusi melon, sole okra and egusi melon-okra mixture) constituted the main plots, while the time of introducing okra (mid August, late August and early September) into egusi melon were allocated to the subplots. Results of study showed that to obtain optimal intercrop yield of okra in an egusi melon-okra intercrop, it is appropriate planting okra at the same time with egusi melon in mid August, while introducing okra into egusi melon in late August is appropriate to obtain optimal intercrop yield of egusi melon. Intercropping egusi melon and okra significantly (P≤0.05) reduced yields of egusi melon (37.5 % and 40.5 % respectively, in years 2012 and 2013) and that of okra (9.7 % and 16.9 % respectively, in years 2012 and 2013). The highest mean land equivalent ratio value of 1.57 and highest land equivalent coefficient values of 0.53 and 0.70 were respectively recorded, in years 2012 and 2013, for okra introduced into egusi melon in early September. These recommendations are appropriate for Makurdi location, Nigeria
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Ijoyah, Michael Ojore, Felix Terna Fanen, and Francis Doo Aindigh. "Optimum Plant Density of Okra and Intercropping Effects on Yields of Egusi Melon-Okra Mixture, at Makurdi, Nigeria." International Letters of Natural Sciences 38 (May 2015): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.38.46.
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A field experiment was conducted from August to November, during the 2012 and 2013 cropping seasons at the Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria, to identify the optimum plant density of okra and intercropping effects on yields of egusi melon-okra mixture and to assess the yield advantages of the intercropping system. The experiment was a 3x3 split plot arrangement of treatments, fitted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), replicated four times. The intercropping (sole egusi melon, sole okra and egusi melon-okra mixture) constituted the main plots, while the population densities of okra (33,000, 40,000 and 50,000 plants ha-1 equivalent) into egusi melon were allocated to the subplots. Results of study showed that to maximize intercrop yield of okra in an egusi melon-okra intercrop, the optimal population density of okra is 33,000 plants ha-1, while that of 40,000 plants ha-1 is optimal to maximize intercrop yield of egusi melon. Intercropping egusi melon and okra significantly (P≤0.05) reduced yields of egusi melon (37.5 % and 40.5 % respectively, in years 2012 and 2013) and that of okra (9.7 % and 16.9 % respectively, in years 2012 and 2013). The highest mean land equivalent ratio value of 1.57 and highest land equivalent coefficient values of 0.60 and 0.63 respectively, in years 2012 and 2013, were recorded for okra sown into egusi melon at the population density of 40,000 plants ha-1. It is most advantageous having both crops in intercrop when okra is sown into egusi melon at the population density of 40,000 plants ha-1. This should therefore be recommended for Makurdi location, Nigeria.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Times of intercrop. eng"
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Pariz, Cristiano Magalhães. "Desempenhos técnicos e econômicos de um sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária com a cultura do milho e adubação nitrogenada de capins dos gêneros Panicum e Brachiaria sob irrigação no cerrado /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98826.
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Resumo: Na região do Cerrado, a integração lavoura-pecuária sob sistema plantio direto é uma das alternativas para elevar a produtividade e o desempenho econômico de sistemas agrícolas. O trabalho de pesquisa objetivou: 1) avaliar a produtividade de grãos da cultura de milho em épocas de consorciação com o Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e Brachiaria ruziziensis; 2) avaliar a adubação nitrogenada dos capins após a colheita do milho em quatro épocas de corte no inverno/primavera quanto à produtividade de massa seca, a composição bromatológica, o índice ICF, a eficiência de conversão do N-fertilizante em forragem e a decomposição da palha após a última época de corte; 3) avaliar o efeito residual da adubação nitrogenada nos capins na cultura do milho em sucessão; 4) avaliar o desempenho econômico do milho consorciado, da pastagem adubada com nitrogênio, do milho em sucessão e do sistema como um todo, considerando o ganho de peso vivo médio diário de 0,2 e 0,6 kg/animal. Para atingir tais propósitos, foram conduzidos três experimentos sequenciais, durante os anos agrícolas de 2007/08 e 2008/09 na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão, da Faculdade de Engenharia - Unesp, Campus de Ilha Solteira, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico em condições de cerrado, com histórico de cinco anos sob sistema plantio direto. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. No experimento I (2007/2008), os tratamentos foram constituídos de oito consórcios da cultura do milho com capins (semeado simultaneamente ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura) e do milho sem consorciação. No expetimento II, após a colheita da cultura do milho (2007/2008), em esquema de parcelas subdivididas constituídas pela ausência e doses de 200, 400 e 800 kg/ha/ano de N na ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: In the Brazilian "Cerrado" conditions, the crop-livestock integration under no-tillage system is an alternative to increase the yield and the economic performance of agricultural systems. The present work aimed: 1) to evaluate corn grain yield under different intercropping times with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e Brachiaria ruziziensis; 2) to evaluate the nitrogen fertilization of the grasses after the corn harvest in four seasons cut in the winter/spring, considering the dry mass yield, chemical composition, ICF index, conversion efficiency of N-fertilizer on forage and the straw decomposition in "Litter-bags" after the last season of cut; 3) to evaluate the residual effect of nitrogen fertilization on grasses in corn crop in succession; 4) to evaluate to economic performance of corn intercropped, pasture fertilized with nitrogen, the corn crop in succession and the crop-livestock integration system as a whole, considering the daily weight gain of 0.2 and 0.6 kg/animal. To reach these purposes, they were conducted three sequenced studies during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing seasons, at Experimental Station from College of Engineering in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State, Brazil, in a Red Latosol (Oxisol) in "Cerrado" conditions, with a history of five years under no-tillage system. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with four replicates. In the experiment I (2007/2008), the treatments consisted of eigth methods for growing corn intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, and Brachiaria ruziziensis, sown simultaneously or at time of side dressing nitrogen fertilization, besides single grown corn. In the experiment II, after the corn harvest (2007/2008), in split-plot scheme was applied urea at side dressing ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Orientador: Marcelo Andreotti<br>Coorientador: Antonio Fernando Bergamaschine<br>Banca: Enes Furlani Júnior<br>Banca: Ciniro Costa<br>Mestre
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Sanchez, Fernando Rodrigo Lopes. "Times assíncronos inicializadores para o planejamento da expansão da transmissão de energia elétrica baseados no modelo híbrido linear /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87259.
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Orientador: Sérgio Azevedo de Oliveira<br>Banca: Rubén Augusto Romero Lazaro<br>Banca: Eduardo Nobuhiro Asada<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho foram implementados diversos agentes heuristicos construtivos, baseados no modelo híbrido linear, que fazem parte de um time assíncrono que tem como objetivo gerar configurações de boa qualidade para inicializar as metaheuríticas que resolvem o problema do planejamento da expansão da transmissão dos sistemas de energia elétrica. A teoria de times assíncronos foi aplicada para reunir as qualidades individuais dos métodos heurísticos, de uma maneira que, partindo de uma configuração base (sem adições) e utilizando um fluxo de dados cíclico, os agentes construtivos adicionassem circuitos a esta configuração de maneira sistemática e aleatória até que esta atenda as demandas de carga solicitadas pelo sistema elétrico em um horizonte futuro. Estas configurações foram então utilizadas por um algoritmo genético no intuito de validar a qualidade das mesmas. Os algoritmos foram implementados em Fortran, utilizando as rotinas de trocas de mensagens do LAM-MPI e simulados para sistemas teste de pequeno, médio e grande porte em ambiente de processamento distribuido. Os resultados comprovam que os times ass'ıncronos de vários metodos heurísticos são mais eficazes comparados com uma única heurística.<br>Abstract: In this study, it was implemented several constructive heuristic algorithms, based on hybrid linear model, which are part of a asynchronous team that aims to generate initial solutions with good quality for meta-heuristics that solve the transmission expansion planning problem of electric power systems. The theory of asynchronous team was applied to meet the individual qualities of each heuristic method, in a way that, starting from a base network configuration and using a cyclical flow of data, heuristic agents add circuits to is configuration in a systematic and random way until they meet the load demands requested by the electrical system on a future horizon. Then these configurations are utilized by a genetic algorithm in order to validate the quality of them. The algorithms were implemented in Fortran, using exchanging messages routines from LAM-MPI and simulated for small, medium and large size test-systems in distributed processing environment. The results show that the solutions obtained with asynchronous teams of several heuristic methods are more effective than the solutions with a single heuristic algorithm.<br>Mestre
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Alencar, Douglas Alcântara. "Crescimento econômico restrito pelo balanço de pagamentos, no Brasil : 1951-2008 /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90013.
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Orientador: Eduardo Strachman<br>Banca: Frederico Gonzaga Jayme Junior<br>Banca: Alexandre Sartoris Neto<br>Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar se o crescimento econômico no Brasil no longo prazo sofreu alguma restrição promovida pelo Balanço de Pagamentos. Assim, as questões de pesquisa que norteiam este trabalho podem ser expressas da seguinte maneira: o crescimento econômico do Brasil no período marcado entre os anos de 1951 e 2008 foi restrito pelo Balanço de Pagamentos? Para responder a essa questão trabalhamos com a abordagem de crescimento restrito pelo setor externo proposta, entre outros, por Lima e Carvalho (2009). Em relação aos testes estatísticos, utilizamos a metodologia do Vetor de Correção de Erros (VEC). Concluímos que, para o período pesquisado, a taxa de crescimento econômico do Brasil foi restrita pelo setor externo, confirmando a teoria acerca da abordagem sobre restrição externa, para a história econômica brasileira<br>Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify IF the economic growth in Brazil over the long term has been somewhat restricted by the Balance of Payments. The research questions that guide this work can be expressed as follows: the economic growth of Brazil in the period marked between the years 1951 to 2008 is restricted by the Balance of Payments? To answer this question we work with the approach of external sector restricted growth proposed, among others, by Lima and Carvalho (2009). Regarding the statistical tests, we used the method of the Vector Error Correction (VEC). We conclude that for the period studied the rate of economic growth in Brazil was restricted by the external sector, confirming the theory about the approach of external sector restricted growth, in relations to the economic history of Brazil<br>Mestre
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Pariz, Cristiano Magalhães [UNESP]. "Desempenhos técnicos e econômicos de um sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária com a cultura do milho e adubação nitrogenada de capins dos gêneros Panicum e Brachiaria sob irrigação no cerrado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98826.
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pariz_cm_me_ilha.pdf: 1928424 bytes, checksum: f847d0db3600804fe6e27135f4fbd5f2 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Na região do Cerrado, a integração lavoura-pecuária sob sistema plantio direto é uma das alternativas para elevar a produtividade e o desempenho econômico de sistemas agrícolas. O trabalho de pesquisa objetivou: 1) avaliar a produtividade de grãos da cultura de milho em épocas de consorciação com o Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e Brachiaria ruziziensis; 2) avaliar a adubação nitrogenada dos capins após a colheita do milho em quatro épocas de corte no inverno/primavera quanto à produtividade de massa seca, a composição bromatológica, o índice ICF, a eficiência de conversão do N-fertilizante em forragem e a decomposição da palha após a última época de corte; 3) avaliar o efeito residual da adubação nitrogenada nos capins na cultura do milho em sucessão; 4) avaliar o desempenho econômico do milho consorciado, da pastagem adubada com nitrogênio, do milho em sucessão e do sistema como um todo, considerando o ganho de peso vivo médio diário de 0,2 e 0,6 kg/animal. Para atingir tais propósitos, foram conduzidos três experimentos sequenciais, durante os anos agrícolas de 2007/08 e 2008/09 na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão, da Faculdade de Engenharia - Unesp, Campus de Ilha Solteira, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico em condições de cerrado, com histórico de cinco anos sob sistema plantio direto. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. No experimento I (2007/2008), os tratamentos foram constituídos de oito consórcios da cultura do milho com capins (semeado simultaneamente ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura) e do milho sem consorciação. No expetimento II, após a colheita da cultura do milho (2007/2008), em esquema de parcelas subdivididas constituídas pela ausência e doses de 200, 400 e 800 kg/ha/ano de N na...<br>In the Brazilian “Cerrado” conditions, the crop-livestock integration under no-tillage system is an alternative to increase the yield and the economic performance of agricultural systems. The present work aimed: 1) to evaluate corn grain yield under different intercropping times with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e Brachiaria ruziziensis; 2) to evaluate the nitrogen fertilization of the grasses after the corn harvest in four seasons cut in the winter/spring, considering the dry mass yield, chemical composition, ICF index, conversion efficiency of N-fertilizer on forage and the straw decomposition in “Litter-bags” after the last season of cut; 3) to evaluate the residual effect of nitrogen fertilization on grasses in corn crop in succession; 4) to evaluate to economic performance of corn intercropped, pasture fertilized with nitrogen, the corn crop in succession and the crop-livestock integration system as a whole, considering the daily weight gain of 0.2 and 0.6 kg/animal. To reach these purposes, they were conducted three sequenced studies during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing seasons, at Experimental Station from College of Engineering in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State, Brazil, in a Red Latosol (Oxisol) in “Cerrado” conditions, with a history of five years under no-tillage system. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with four replicates. In the experiment I (2007/2008), the treatments consisted of eigth methods for growing corn intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, and Brachiaria ruziziensis, sown simultaneously or at time of side dressing nitrogen fertilization, besides single grown corn. In the experiment II, after the corn harvest (2007/2008), in split-plot scheme was applied urea at side dressing ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Books on the topic "Times of intercrop. eng"
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Publishing, RH Value. Elizabeth I and Tudor Eng: Life and Times. Random House Value Publishing, 1988.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Times of intercrop. eng"
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Huamani R., R., Jorge Rendulich Talavera, Enrique A. Soto Mendoza, Nelly M. Davila, and Elvis Supo. "Implementation of a real-time 60 Hz interference cancellation algorithm for ECG signals based on ARM cortex M4 and ADS1298." In 2017 IEEE XXIV International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing (INTERCON). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intercon.2017.8079725.
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Baek, H. M., and A. J. Giacomin. "Corotating or Codeforming Models for Thermoforming: Free Forming." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1114.
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Our previous work [J Pol Eng, 32, 245 (2012)] explores the role of viscoelasticity for the simplest relevant problem in thermoforming, the manufacture of cones. In this previous work, we use a differential model employing the corotational derivative [the corotational Maxwell model (CM)] for which we find an analytical solution for the sheet deformation as a function of time. This previous work also identifies the ordinary nonlinear differential equation corresponding to the upper convected Maxwell model (UCM), for which she finds no analytical solution. In this paper, we explore the role of convected derivative by solving this UCM equation numerically by finite difference. We extend the previous work to include sag by incorporating a finite initial sheet curvature. We treat free forming step in thermoforming and find that the convected derivative makes the free forming time unreasonably sensitive to the initial curvature. Whereas, for the CM model, we get a free forming time that is independent of initial sheet curvature, so long as the sheet is nearly flat to begin with. We cast our results into dimensionless plots of thermoforming times versus disk radius of curvature.