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Journal articles on the topic 'Times to repair'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Chauhan, Aakash, Patrick Schimoler, Mark C. Miller, Alexander Kharlamov, Gregory A. Merrell, and Bradley A. Palmer. "Comparing Biomechanical Properties, Repair Times, and Value of Common Core Flexor Tendon Repairs." HAND 13, no. 3 (April 19, 2017): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944717701238.

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Background: The aim of the study was to compare biomechanical strength, repair times, and repair values for zone II core flexor tendon repairs. Methods: A total of 75 fresh-frozen human cadaveric flexor tendons were harvested from the index through small finger and randomized into one of 5 repair groups: 4-stranded cross-stitch cruciate (4-0 polyester and 4-0 braided suture), 4-stranded double Pennington (2-0 knotless barbed suture), 4-stranded Pennington (4-0 double-stranded braided suture), and 6-stranded modified Lim-Tsai (4-0 looped braided suture). Repairs were measured in situ and their repair times were measured. Tendons were linearly loaded to failure and multiple biomechanical values were measured. The repair value was calculated based on operating room costs, repair times, and suture costs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc statistical analysis were used to compare repair data. Results: The braided cruciate was the strongest repair ( P > .05) but the slowest ( P > .05), and the 4-stranded Pennington using double-stranded suture was the fastest ( P > .05) to perform. The total repair value was the highest for braided cruciate ( P > .05) compared with all other repairs. Barbed suture did not outperform any repairs in any categories. Conclusions: The braided cruciate was the strongest of the tested flexor tendon repairs. The 2-mm gapping and maximum load to failure for this repair approached similar historical strength of other 6- and 8-stranded repairs. In this study, suture cost was negligible in the overall repair cost and should be not a determining factor in choosing a repair.

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2

Frostig, Esther. "OPTIMAL REPAIR OF A SERIES SYSTEM WITH FIXED REPAIR TIMES." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 13, no. 4 (October 1999): 477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964899134041.

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Consider a system consisting of n components in series, subject to failures, with one repairman. No preemption is permitted during a repair. The repairman has a list of components and when he becomes available he repairs the failed component which is closest to the top of the list. The goal is to minimize the mean time until all the components operate—the mean down time. For systems consisting of two components, we assume that the operation and repair times are generally distributed and that the operation times are stochastically ordered. For systems consisting of n components we assume exponentially distributed operation times with rate λi and fixed repair times. We prove that lists in which the components are ordered in an increasing order of their expected operation times are optimal.

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3

Gupta, Ramesh C., and S. N. U. A. Kirmani. "On predicting repair times in a minimal repair process." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 18, no. 4 (January 1989): 1359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610918908812825.

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4

Rangan, A., and R. Esther Grace. "Optimal replacement policies for a deteriorating system with imperfect maintenance." Advances in Applied Probability 21, no. 04 (December 1989): 949–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800019194.

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A system is repaired on failure. With probabilityp,it is returned to the ‘good as new' state (perfect repair) and with probability 1 –p, it is returned to the functioning state, but is only as good as a system of age equal to its age at failure (imperfect repair). In this article, we develop replacement policies for a deteriorating system with imperfect maintenance. The successive survival times and consecutive repair times form a geometric process which is stochastically non-increasing or non-decreasing respectively. Explicit expressions are obtained for the long-run expected cost under two kinds of replacement policies based on the working age of the system and the number of imperfect repairs before a replacement.

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5

Rangan, A., and R. Esther Grace. "Optimal replacement policies for a deteriorating system with imperfect maintenance." Advances in Applied Probability 21, no. 4 (December 1989): 949–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427781.

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A system is repaired on failure. With probability p, it is returned to the ‘good as new' state (perfect repair) and with probability 1 – p, it is returned to the functioning state, but is only as good as a system of age equal to its age at failure (imperfect repair). In this article, we develop replacement policies for a deteriorating system with imperfect maintenance. The successive survival times and consecutive repair times form a geometric process which is stochastically non-increasing or non-decreasing respectively. Explicit expressions are obtained for the long-run expected cost under two kinds of replacement policies based on the working age of the system and the number of imperfect repairs before a replacement.

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6

Alfa, Attahiru Sule, and I. T. Castro. "Discrete time analysis of a repairable machine." Journal of Applied Probability 39, no. 03 (September 2002): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200021756.

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We consider, in discrete time, a single machine system that operates for a period of time represented by a general distribution. This machine is subject to failures during operations and the occurrence of these failures depends on how many times the machine has previously failed. Some failures are repairable and the repair times may or may not depend on the number of times the machine was previously repaired. Repair times also have a general distribution. The operating times of the machine depend on how many times it has failed and was subjected to repairs. Secondly, when the machine experiences a nonrepairable failure, it is replaced by another machine. The replacement machine may be new or a refurbished one. After the Nth failure, the machine is automatically replaced with a new one. We present a detailed analysis of special cases of this system, and we obtain the stationary distribution of the system and the optimal time for replacing the machine with a new one.

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7

Alfa, Attahiru Sule, and I. T. Castro. "Discrete time analysis of a repairable machine." Journal of Applied Probability 39, no. 3 (September 2002): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1034082123.

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We consider, in discrete time, a single machine system that operates for a period of time represented by a general distribution. This machine is subject to failures during operations and the occurrence of these failures depends on how many times the machine has previously failed. Some failures are repairable and the repair times may or may not depend on the number of times the machine was previously repaired. Repair times also have a general distribution. The operating times of the machine depend on how many times it has failed and was subjected to repairs. Secondly, when the machine experiences a nonrepairable failure, it is replaced by another machine. The replacement machine may be new or a refurbished one. After the Nth failure, the machine is automatically replaced with a new one. We present a detailed analysis of special cases of this system, and we obtain the stationary distribution of the system and the optimal time for replacing the machine with a new one.

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8

Rogero, Ryan, David Beck, Kristen Nicholson, Rachel Shakked, David Pedowitz, and Steven Raikin. "Value of Supine Positioning in Repair of Achilles Tendon Ruptures." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 2473011418S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00407.

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Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: The optimal method of Achilles tendon repair remains undefined. Few previous studies have quantified the financial expenses of Achilles tendon repairs in relation to functional outcomes in order to assess the overall value of the accepted repair techniques. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the value of supine positioning during open repair (OS) of acute Achilles tendon ruptures through the quantification of operative times, costs, and outcomes in comparison to the commonly performed percutaneous prone (PP) repair technique. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 67 patients undergoing OS and 67 patients undergoing PP primary Achilles tendon repair with two surgeons at four surgical locations. Total operating room usage times and operating times were collected from surgical site records. Total operating room times were used to estimate the costs of room usage and anesthesia, while costs of repair equipment were collected from the respective manufacturers. Patients undergoing OS repair completed the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) questionnaire, with activities of daily living (ADL) and sports subscales, Short Form-12 (SF-12), with mental (MCS) and physical (PCS) health subcategories, and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain preoperatively and at final follow-up. Results: Even with a significantly longer mean surgical time (P=.035), OS repairs had a shorter duration of total operating room time when compared to that of PP repairs (58.4 versus 69.7 minutes, P<.001). Estimated time-dependent costs were lower in OS repairs ($739 versus $861 per procedure, P<.001), while the estimated average total per procedure cost was also lower for OS repairs ($801 versus $1,910 per procedure, P<.001). For patients undergoing OS repair, FAAM-ADL (P<.001), FAAM-Sports (P<.001), SF-12-PCS (P<.001) all increased and VAS grades (P<0.001) decreased from time of initial encounter to final follow-up and were comparable to reported outcomes in the current literature. The complication rate in OS repairs (6.0%) was lower than PP repairs (11.9%), with revisions only occurring in the latter technique. Conclusion: Performing open Achilles tendon repair in the supine position offers substantial value, or “health outcomes achieved per dollar spent”, to providers due to decreased total operating room times and costs with satisfactory functional outcomes.

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9

MONTORO-CAZORLA, DELIA, and RAFAEL PÉREZ-OCÓN. "MAINTENANCE OF SYSTEMS BY MEANS OF REPLACEMENTS AND REPAIRS: THE CASE OF PHASE-TYPE DISTRIBUTIONS." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 24, no. 03 (June 2007): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595907001279.

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We present two models for studying a system maintained by means of imperfect repairs before a replacement or a perfect repair is allowed. The operational and repair times follow phase-type distributions. Imperfect repair means that successive operational times decrease and successive repair times increase. Under these assumptions, models that govern the systems are Markov processes, whose structures are determined, and several performance measures are calculated in transient and stationary regime. These models extend other previously studied in the literature. The incorporation of phase-type distributions allows to apply the model to many other distributions. A numerical example illustrates the calculations and allows a comparison of the results.

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10

Turman, Kimberly A., David R. Diduch, and Mark D. Miller. "All-Inside Meniscal Repair." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 1, no. 5 (July 15, 2009): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738109334219.

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All-inside meniscal repair has gained widespread popularity over recent years. The devices and techniques have rapidly evolved, resulting in increased ease of use and reduced surgical times and risk to the neurovascular structures. Despite these advances, inside-out suture repairs remain the current gold standard, with proven long-term results. All-inside techniques must continue to be compared to inside-out meniscal repair.

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11

Dubina, Emily D., Ashkan Moazzez, Hayoung Park, Andrew Shover, Dennis Y. Kim, and Eric R. Simms. "Predictors of Morbidity and Mortality in Complex Paraesophageal Hernia Repair: A NSQIP Analysis." American Surgeon 85, no. 10 (October 2019): 1189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481908501025.

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Paraesophageal hernia (PEH) repair is typically performed electively. Complex PEHs (obstructed or gangrenous) require more urgent repair and can have significant complications. Although elective repair is primarily laparoscopic, limited data are available on the use of laparoscopy for complex cases. Patients undergoing complex PEH repair were identified from the NSQIP database, and predictors of morbidity and mortality were compared for 2473 laparoscopic and 861 open repairs. Compared with the laparoscopic approach, emergent surgeries (36.7% vs 10.8%, P < 0.001) and preoperative sepsis (22.9% vs 7.4%, P < 0.001) were more common in the open group. Operative times were shorter for open repairs (152.6 vs 172.2 minutes, P = 0.03). However, open repair was associated with increased morbidity (28.2% vs 11%, P < 0.001) and mortality (5.2% vs 1.4%, P < 0.001), likely because of higher rates of preoperative comorbidities in the open group. On multivariable regression analysis, preoperative sepsis was associated with increased mortality and morbidity, whereas laparoscopic repair was associated with decreased morbidity. If laparoscopic repair can be safely completed, it is associated with decreased morbidity, despite longer operative times.

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12

Marshall, Sarah, Richard Arnold, Stefanka Chukova, and Yu Hayakawa. "Warranty cost analysis: Increasing warranty repair times." Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry 34, no. 4 (March 6, 2018): 544–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asmb.2323.

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13

Daduna, Hans. "Exchangeable Items in Repair Systems: Delay Times." Operations Research 38, no. 2 (April 1990): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.38.2.349.

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14

Tan, Yushi, Arindam K. Das, Mareldi Ahumada-Paras, Payman Arabshahi, and Daniel S. Kirschen. "Scheduling Post-disaster Repairs in Electricity Distribution Networks with Uncertain Repair Times." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 47, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397776.3397782.

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15

Heer, Steven T., James O’Dowd, Rebecca R. Butler, David O. Dewitt, Gaurav Khanna, and Raffy Mirzayan. "Patellar Tendon Rupture Following Total Knee Arthroplasty." Open Orthopaedics Journal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001913010239.

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Background: Patellar tendon rupture following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is rare. There is no consensus on optimal treatment. Methods: All patients who underwent a primary repair of a traumatic patellar tendon rupture following a TKA between 2008 and 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Patient information, implant, repair type (anchor vs. bone tunnel), graft use, and complications were recorded. Results: Twenty-six patients met our inclusion criteria. The average age was 69.7+11 years. There were 19 females (73.1%). The average time from TKA to PT rupture was 13.6 months (range: 0- 135 months). The average incidence was 62.32 per 100,000 TKA. PT was repaired with anchors (A) in 9 (4 with a graft) and trans-osseous tunnels (TO) in 12 (5 required graft), and 5 with other methods. There was a significant improvement in KSS from 61 to 83 (P=0.023). There was a significant difference in time from PT tear to surgery in patients with grafts (42 days) and those without grafts (6 days) (P<0.001). Compared to A repair, TO had 2.39 times odds of re-tear (95% CI: 0.38,15.4; P=0.354) and 1.37 times odds of infection (95% CI:0.074,25.6; P=0.83). Repairs with a graft had a 1.90 times odds of re-tear (95% CI: 0.29, 12.19; P=0.49) and 6.3 time odds of infection (95% CI 0.26, 166.7; P=0.25). Conclusion: Surgical repair of PT tears following TKA leads to significant clinical improvement, regardless of the fixation method or graft use. We found no difference in outcomes between A and TO repairs and or with graft use.

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16

Dagpunar, J. S. "Hybrid minimal repair and age replacement maintenance policies, with nonnegligible repair times." Naval Research Logistics 41, no. 7 (December 1994): 1029–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6750(199412)41:7<1029::aid-nav3220410713>3.0.co;2-m.

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17

Petcherdchoo, Aruz. "Probability-Based Sensitivity of Service Life of Chloride-Attacked Concrete Structures with Multiple Cover Concrete Repairs." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (December 4, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4525646.

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This paper presents probabilistic and sensitivity analysis of service life (or time to repairs) for attaining corrosion-free condition of concrete structures under chloride attack. Four groups of probabilistic parameters are determined, i.e., (1) time-dependent chloride content, (2) mean and median of corrosion initiation and repair application times, (3) percent confidence of repairs, and (4) total expected number of repairs. To achieve this, this paper proposes a computational approach and probabilistic data. The proposed approach, which combined the Latin Hypercube technique with the Crank–Nicolson-based finite difference approach, is developed for predicting probabilistic chloride diffusion in concrete with repairs by cover concrete replacement. Probabilistic data of four governing random variables (surface chloride, diffusion coefficient, concrete cover depth, and critical chloride) and six repair strategies for corrosion-free condition are introduced. Numerical assessment is then shown. From the study, it is revealed that the reduction of the amount of chloride ions at the threshold depth due to using higher depth of cover concrete repairs is better than that using higher quality of repair materials. However, the excessive depth of repairs is not always recommended due to another control factor, such as the immediate amount of chloride ions at the repair depth, cost of repairs, etc. From the sensitivity analysis, the cover depth is found to be the most important parameter in the design of chloride-attacked concrete structures to extend the corrosion initiation and repair application times and to reduce the total expected number of repairs.

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LAWRENCE, T. M., M. J. WOODRUFF, A. ALADIN, and T. R. C. DAVIS. "An Assessment of the Tensile Properties and Technical Difficulties of Two- and Four-Strand Flexor Tendon Repairs." Journal of Hand Surgery 30, no. 3 (June 2005): 294–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.01.003.

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This study compares the mechanical properties of locking Kessler and four-strand flexor tendon repairs and examines for difficulties related to technical ability. Two trainee surgeons each carried out 10 locking Kessler and 10 four-strand single-cross flexor tendon repairs on an in vitro porcine model. Outcome measures included gap formation and ultimate forces, operative time and repair bulk. Ultimate force was 81% greater for the four-strand repair compared to the Kessler (52 N, SD 5, versus 29 N, SD 6). Operating times were similar between the two techniques (Kessler 10.0 minutes, four strand 10.1 minutes). Rupture force and operating times improved slightly during the study for the Kessler repairs, but in the four strand repairs results remained stable throughout the study. We conclude that the single-cross four-strand repair tolerates superior loads yet is no more technically demanding than the modified Kessler, and can be reliably performed without additional operating time.

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Li, Weipo, Zhimin Liang, Congwei Cai, and Dianlong Wang. "Repair Welding of the Tunnel Defect in Friction Stir Weld." High Temperature Materials and Processes 37, no. 7 (July 26, 2018): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2017-0026.

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AbstractThe tunnel defect formed in friction stir weld would dramatically push the mechanical properties of joints into deterioration. In this study, friction stir welding process was adopted to repair the joints of 7N01 aluminum alloy with tunnel defect. The effects of friction stir repair welding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties were comprehensively investigated. Microstructure of the repaired joints shows that the grain size in nugget zone decreases slightly while the recrystallization in the retreating side of thermo-mechanically affected zone is intensified as the joints are repaired. The microhardness of the repaired joints declined slightly compared with the defective joint. However, the yield strength and tensile strength increase and recover to the values of the joints free of defect. The longitudinal residual stress in weld zone increased remarkably as the repair times increase. Compared with the once repaired joint, yield strength and tensile strength of the twice repaired joint reduced slightly, and the throat thickness also reduced during the repeated repair welding process. Therefore, the times of repair welding applied should be limited actually.

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20

O’Connor, Sean C., Matthew Mallard, Shivani S. Desai, Francisco Couto, Matthew Gottlieb, Alex Ewing, William S. Cobb, Alfredo M. Carbonell, and Jeremy A. Warren. "Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Approach to Hiatal Hernia Repair: Results After 7 Years of Robotic Experience." American Surgeon 86, no. 9 (August 18, 2020): 1083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003134820943547.

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Introduction Robotic hiatal hernia repair offers potential advantages over traditional laparoscopy, most notably enhanced visualization, improved ergonomics, and articulating instruments. The clinical outcomes, however, have not been adequately evaluated. We report outcomes of laparoscopic and robotic hiatal hernia repairs. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study was performed of all hiatal hernia repairs performed from 2006 through 2019. Operative, demographic, and outcomes data were compared between laparoscopic and robotic groups. Discrete variables were analyzed with Chi-square of Fisher’s exact test. Continuous variables were analyzed with Student’s t test (mean) or Wilcoxon rank sum (medians). All analyses were performed using R statistical software. Results Laparoscopic repair was performed in 278 patients and robotic repair in 114. More recurrent hernias were repaired robotically (24.5% vs 12.9%, P = .08). Operative times were no different between groups (175 vs 179 minutes; P = .681). Robotic repair resulted in significantly shorter length of stay (LOS; 2.3 vs 3.3 days; P = .003). Rate of readmission was no different, and there were no differences in acute complications. For patients with at least 1 year of follow-up, recurrence rates were lower after robotic repair (13.3% vs 32.8%; P = .008); however, mean follow-up is significantly longer after laparoscopic repair (23.7 ± 28.4 vs 15.1 ± 14.9 months; P < .001). Discussion Robotic hiatal hernia repair offers technical advantages over laparoscopic repair with similar clinical outcomes.

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Yang, Jun, Tingting Gang, and Yu Zhao. "Availability of a Periodically Inspected System Maintained through Several Minimal Repairs before a Replacement or a Perfect Repair." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/741275.

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The instantaneous availability of a periodically inspected system with several minimal repairs before a replacement or a perfect repair is studied. First, we investigate two concrete minimal repair models with periodic inspection and constant repair time and give their instantaneous availability formulas. Then the instantaneous availability of the proposed model with constant repair times is presented by a set of recursive formulas, and its piecewise monotonicity is also shown. An example is presented to illustrate its application.

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22

Fagertun, Anna Manolova, Sarah Renée Ruepp, and Marc Manzano. "Resolving epidemic network failures through differentiated repair times." IET Networks 4, no. 1 (January 2015): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-net.2013.0102.

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Chukova, Stefanka, and Yu Hayakawa. "Warranty cost analysis: quasi‐renewal inter‐repair times." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 22, no. 7 (September 2005): 687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656710510610839.

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Tao, Matthew A. "The Role of ACL Repair in Modern Times." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 101, no. 23 (December 2019): e129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.19.01099.

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Arnold, Richard, Stefanka Chukova, Yu Hayakawa, and Sarah Marshall. "Nonzero repair times dependent on the failure hazard." Quality and Reliability Engineering International 36, no. 3 (December 26, 2019): 988–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qre.2611.

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KAIO, NAOTO, TADASHI DOHI, and SHUNJI OSAKI. "Optimal maintenance policies with lead times and repair." International Journal of Systems Science 23, no. 8 (August 1992): 1299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207729208949384.

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Rigler, D. M., R. N. Allan, and W. R. Hodgkins. "Quantitative reliability analysis of distribution systems: repair times." Power Engineering Journal 11, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pe:19970406.

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Carmichael, D. G. "Machine interference with general repair and running times." Zeitschrift f�r Operations Research 31, no. 4 (July 1987): B115—B133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01258142.

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Gokhale, Swapna S., and Robert E. Mullen. "A multiplicative model of software defect repair times." Empirical Software Engineering 15, no. 3 (August 19, 2009): 296–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-009-9115-y.

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Dagpunar, J. S., and N. Jack. "Optimizing System Availability Under Minimal Repair with Non-Negligible Repair and Replacement Times." Journal of the Operational Research Society 44, no. 11 (November 1993): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2583871.

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Bieth, Bruno, Liang Hong, and Jyotirmoy Sarkar. "A standby system with two repair persons under arbitrary life- and repair times." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 51, no. 5-6 (March 2010): 756–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2009.10.017.

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Dagpunar, J. S., and N. Jack. "Optimizing System Availability Under Minimal Repair with Non-Negligible Repair and Replacement Times." Journal of the Operational Research Society 44, no. 11 (November 1993): 1097–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1993.182.

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33

Field, David A., and Dennis E. Blumenfeld. "Supply Chain Inventories of Engineered Shipping Containers." International Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 2016 (December 5, 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2021395.

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Manufacturing operations that assemble parts often receive components in expensive highly engineered shipping containers. As these containers circulate among suppliers, assembly operations, and logistic providers, they require inspections and repairs. This paper presents mathematical models that predict the number of available containers as functions of damage, repair times, and scheduled daily production. The models allow making complex decisions with a few basic parameters. Results not only show a minimal investment in the number of containers and safety stock but also quantify the dependence on damage rates and repair times for ordering additional containers.

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Jackson, Paul C. "Shaft Alignment in Ship Repair: Three Case Studies." Marine Technology and SNAME News 27, no. 01 (January 1, 1990): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1990.27.1.23.

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In ship repair, there are many times when the propulsion shaft has to be realigned after repairs have been completed. This paper looks at some of the theoretical approaches to shaft alignment and some of the techniques for alignment. Three different cases are examined to demonstrate how the principles work in the dock and some of the problems incurred. The three cases involve vastly different shaft systems with different repair and alignment problems.

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Zholobov, Alexandr, Nadezhda Ivannikova, Olga Razinkova, and Peter Dukhanin. "Stucco repair method for enclosing brick walls." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 03047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913503047.

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During the operation of buildings, plaster coatings of the external and internal enclosing surfaces of brick walls are subjected to various destructive influences. Existing methods of repairing plaster coatings do not fully ensure strong adhesion of the material of the repair layer of plaster to the surface of the repaired brick wall structure. In addition, these methods can only get rid of damage but do not improve the operational properties of the plaster layer of the repaired structure. Thus, the urgent problem is the development of an effective method of repairing plaster coatings on the surfaces of brick walls, due to which it will become possible to ensure the monolithic of the repaired plastering structure. In order to address the shortcomings of the existing plaster coating repair techniques on the surfaces of the brick walls and finding ways to improve it, by the authors investigated the possibility and the expediency of performing the repair of additional process steps. A feature of this repair method is the use of preheated plaster mortar, flexible plaster molding, as well as compaction of the stucco mortar in the contact area with the repaired brick wall structure with a deep plate compactor. The test results of samples of plaster coatings manufactured by the proposed method showed the high efficiency and feasibility of using this method for repairs on the external and internal surfaces of walling of brick walls and are mentioned in the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation. The performance characteristics of the plaster are significantly increased as a result of the application of this method, and, consequently, the service life of the plaster coating is increased several times.

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Rathee, Reetu, S. C. Malik, and D. Pawar. "Reliability Modeling and Analysis of a Parallel Unit System with Priority to Repair over Replacement Subject to Maximum Operation and Repair Times." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (August 31, 2018): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd15655.

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Roehm, Pamela C., Derrick Tint, Norman Chan, Ryan Brewster, Vishad Sukul, and Kadir Erkmen. "Endoscope-assisted repair of CSF otorrhea and temporal lobe encephaloceles via keyhole craniotomy." Journal of Neurosurgery 128, no. 6 (June 2018): 1880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.1.jns161947.

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OBJECTIVETemporal lobe encephaloceles and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from temporal bone defects that involve the tegmen tympani and mastoideum are generally repaired using middle fossa craniotomy, mastoidectomy, or combined approaches. Standard middle fossa craniotomy exposes patients to dural retraction, which can lead to postoperative neurological complications. Endoscopic and minimally invasive techniques have been used in other surgeries to minimize brain retraction, and so these methods were applied to repair the lateral skull base. The goal of this study was to determine if the use of endoscopic visualization through a middle fossa keyhole craniotomy could effectively repair tegmen defects.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of 6 cases of endoscope-assisted middle fossa repairs of tegmen dehiscences at a tertiary care medical center within an 18-month period.RESULTSAll cases were successfully treated using a keyhole craniotomy with endoscopic visualization and minimal retraction. Surgical times did not increase. There were no major postoperative complications, recurrences of encephaloceles, or cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea in these patients.CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic visualization allows for smaller incisions and craniotomies and less risk of brain retraction injury without compromising repair integrity during temporal encephalocele and tegmen repairs.

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Sherif, Joseph S. "Repair times for systems that have high early failures." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 9, no. 3 (September 2003): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552510310493729.

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Centeno, Grisselle, Rajesh Chaudhary, and Paula Lopez. "Developing Standard Times for Repair Activities for Transit Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1927, no. 1 (January 2005): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192700113.

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This paper presents a systematic method for determining repair time standards for transit vehicles. Most approaches typically used for time and motion study are designed mainly for manufacturing processes and thus find limited applications in transit environments. The methodology developed in this study is comprehensive and incorporates relevant factors such as maintenance procedures and work bay components and design, which are particular to the transit industry. This methodology has been employed on two systems: brake repair and preventive maintenance on buses. A major component of the methodology pertains to restructuring procedures, not only to improve work flow but also to normalize the operative assignments across transit shops. That focus facilitates productivity control and allows managers to assess training needs better. Outcomes reveal that the proposed methodology serves as a framework to develop valid standards that could have an impact on the efficiency of technicians while reducing total job completion time. Results are enhanced by the development of an information system that allows tracking of the time technicians take to complete the tasks and that represents, graphically, the performance rating based on the time standards developed. This tool assists supervisors during complex management decisions for resource allocation and scheduling. This project was initiated by the Florida Department of Transportation and the Center of Urban Transportation Research (CUTR). The research is part of the Florida Maintenance Training and Technical Assistance Program in CUTR and is guided by the committee of Transit Maintenance Consortium. The committee includes the managers and supervisors of the transit agencies throughout Florida.

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Hindman, E. B. "Jayson Blair, The New York Times, and Paradigm Repair." Journal of Communication 55, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joc/55.2.225.

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Boland, Philip J., and Nóra Ní Chuív. "Optimal times for software release when repair is imperfect." Statistics & Probability Letters 77, no. 12 (July 2007): 1176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2007.03.004.

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Hindman, Elizabeth Blanks. "Jayson Blair, The New York Times, and Paradigm Repair." Journal of Communication 55, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb02669.x.

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Wood, David, Sofie R. French, Selin Munir, and Rajiv Kaila. "The surgical repair of proximal hamstring avulsions." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b10.bjj-2019-1112.r1.

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Aims Despite the increase in the surgical repair of proximal hamstring tears, there exists a lack of consensus in the optimal timing for surgery. There is also disagreement on how partial tears managed surgically compare with complete tears repaired surgically. This study aims to compare the mid-term functional outcomes in, and operating time required for, complete and partial proximal hamstring avulsions, that are repaired both acutely and chronically. Methods This is a prospective series of 156 proximal hamstring surgical repairs, with a mean age of 48.9 years (21.5 to 78). Functional outcomes were assessed preinjury, preoperatively, and postoperatively (six months and minimum three years) using the Sydney Hamstring Origin Rupture Evaluation (SHORE) score. Operating time was recorded for every patient. Results Overall, significant improvements in SHORE scores were seen at both six months and mid-term follow-up. Preoperatively, acute patients (median score 27.1 (interquartile range (IQR) 22.9)) reported significantly poorer SHORE scores than chronic patients (median score 42.9 (IQR 22.1); p < 0.001). However, this difference was not maintained postoperatively. For partial tears, acutely repaired patients reported significantly lower preoperative SHORE scores compared to chronically reapired partial tears (median score 24.3 (IQR 15.7) vs median score 40.0 (IQR 25.0); p < 0.001) but also significantly higher SHORE scores at six-month follow-up compared to chronically repaired partial tears (median score 92.9 (IQR 10.7) vs. median score 82.9 (IQR 14.3); p < 0.001). For complete tears, there was only a difference in preoperative SHORE scores between acute and chronic groups. Overall, acute repairs had a significantly shorter operating time (mean 64.67 minutes (standard deviation (SD) 12.99)) compared to chronic repairs (mean 74.71 minutes (SD = 12.0); t = 5.12, p < 0.001). Conclusion Surgical repair of proximal hamstring avulsions successfully improves patient reported functional outcomes in the majority of patients, irrespective of the timing of their surgery or injury classification. However, reducing the time from injury to surgery is associated with greater improvement in patient outcomes and an increased likelihood of returning to preinjury functional status. Acute repair appears to be a technically less complex procedure, as indicated by reduced operating times, postoperative neurological symptoms and number of patients requiring bracing. Acute repair is therefore a preference among many surgeons. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(10):1419–1427.

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Czarnecki, Lech. "Polymer-Concrete Composites for the repair of concrete structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819901006.

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In less than one century concrete has become the most widely used construction material over the world. In less than half of century it is difficult to imagine a concrete totally without polymers. An implantation of polymers into concrete has taken effect in the form of Concrete Polymer Composite: C-PC. Since then (1975) the development of new concrete classes have been ongoing: C-PC = PMC + PCC + PI + PC, where PMC Polymer Modified Concrete (polymer cont. < 1% concrete mass); PCC Polymer Cement Concrete (> 1% concrete mass); PIC Polymer Impregnated Concrete (3-8% concrete mass), PC Polymer Concrete (8-12% concrete mass). Over the time the role of polymers have been extended and it is covered by polymer with additional preposition: polymers on concrete (overlays, coatings, waterproofing and bounding materials). All those polymer composites have been found irreplaceable application in concrete repairing industry. It is enough to say that in ten parts of the European Standards, EN 1504, the category “polymer” can be found 73 times, and that is a proof of the big significance of this material in the repairs and protection of concrete. Just for comparison reason, the term “cement” appears only 59 times in all parts of the EN 1504. Indeed, if repaired concrete is higher class then repairing material should content more polymer. The justification belongs to the adhesion, which is a fundamental challenge for concrete repair. But also short time to exploitation readiness and many others polymer composites advantages are taken into consideration. In the paper the question: how polymers enhance concrete repair performance? is discussed. The repair rules and methods versus polymer repair materials will be considered.

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Hu, Xiaodong, Hao-Yong Jiang, Yun Luo, Qiang Jin, Wei Peng, and Chun-Mei Yi. "A Study on Microstructure, Residual Stresses and Stress Corrosion Cracking of Repair Welding on 304 Stainless Steel: Part II-Effects of Reinforcement Height." Materials 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13112434.

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The repair reinforcement height is an important parameter of repair welding, which may have a great influence on structural integrity. In this paper, the effects of repair welding reinforcement height on the microstructure, microhardness, residual stresses and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of a 304 stainless steel-repaired joint were investigated by experimentation and simulation. With an increase of the repair weld reinforcement height, the δ ferrite content in weld and fusion zone is obviously reduced, and the ferrite shape is gradually changed from the skeleton to the worm shape. With the increase of repair welding reinforcement height, the microhardness and residual stresses decrease gradually. The tensile strength and elongation for higher repair weld reinforcement height are larger than those with lower repair weld reinforcement height. The higher the repair weld reinforcement height, the harder it is for SCC to occur. The repair welding in 304 stainless steel is recommended to be repaired no more than two times.

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Rodzewicz, Thomas C., Jonathan H. Potterton, Katherine M. Lappe, Brent C. Yezefski, and David J. Singer. "A New Approach to Ship Repair Using CONWIP and Parts Kits." Journal of Ship Production and Design 26, no. 02 (May 1, 2010): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2010.26.2.155.

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The Constant Work in Process (CONWIP) system uses elements of push, pull, and parts kitting to reduce overall process times and minimize variability. The research presented in this paper introduces the CONWIP concept to ship repair through the completion of a discrete event simulation. The research demonstrates that a CONWIP approach to ship repair can improve drydock turnover for large classes of ships requiring similar repairs, such as the US Coast Guards Mission Effectiveness Project.

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Sohn, Young Moo, Amit H. Varma, and Robert J. Connor. "Effects of Imperfections in Heat Straightening Repair of Steel Beam Bridges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 41 (June 17, 2018): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118780878.

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A 40 ft. long two-span continuous steel bridge with two composite beams was constructed in the laboratory and subjected to damage followed by heat straightening repair. A36 steel section (W30 × 90) was used for the main girders (beams). Four spans (specimens) of the test bridge were statically damaged at each midspan using a hydraulic actuator, and subsequently repaired by applying Vee heats and restraining forces in the damaged region. Restraining force magnitude (corresponding to 0.4 Mp: 6.2 kips and 0.6 Mp: 9.5 kips), maximum heating temperature (800°F, 1200°F, and 1400°F), and the number of multiple damage-repair cycles (one and three cycles) were considered as the test parameters. The steel material properties were measured by taking samples from the repaired areas, and compared with undamaged steel material properties. Samples taken from specimens subjected to overheating (up to 1400°F) had similar structural properties and fracture toughness values as those taken from specimens subjected to normal heating (up to 1200°F). Specimens repaired with overstraining (0.6 Mp) combined with underheating (up to 800°F) required the largest number of heating cycles to fully repair the same damage. The fracture toughness of samples taken from specimens subjected to multiple (three times) damage-repair cycles was lower (decreased to about 84%) than the fracture toughness of samples taken from specimens subjected to only one damage-repair cycle. Therefore, multiple heat straightening repairs of a damaged beam should be performed with caution. With reference to serviceability performance for AASHTO HL-93 live load, the midspan deflections of beam specimens subjected to damage and heat straightening repair were comparable to those of undamaged beam specimens.

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Johnson, Norman L., and Samuel Kotz. "A modified repair strategy for two-component systems with revealed and unrevealed faults." Journal of Applied Probability 24, no. 1 (March 1987): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214069.

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Some consequences of a modified repair system for Phillips' (1981a, b) model for a two-component system are discussed. In the original model, both components are repaired whenever a revealed fault occurs; in the modified model only faulty components are repaired. Specifically (i) the distribution of time from the initial state up to discovery of an unrevealed fault, (ii) the expected proportion of time during which there exists an unrepaired fault, and (iii) the distribution of number of revealed faults up to and including the one which leads to a discovery of an unrevealed fault, are obtained. The theory is illustrated by examples, based on specific distributions for the times between repairs and occurrences of the two types of faults. A characterization of the exponential distribution is indicated.

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Johnson, Norman L., and Samuel Kotz. "A modified repair strategy for two-component systems with revealed and unrevealed faults." Journal of Applied Probability 24, no. 01 (March 1987): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200030710.

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Some consequences of a modified repair system for Phillips' (1981a, b) model for a two-component system are discussed. In the original model, both components are repaired whenever a revealed fault occurs; in the modified model only faulty components are repaired. Specifically (i) the distribution of time from the initial state up to discovery of an unrevealed fault, (ii) the expected proportion of time during which there exists an unrepaired fault, and (iii) the distribution of number of revealed faults up to and including the one which leads to a discovery of an unrevealed fault, are obtained. The theory is illustrated by examples, based on specific distributions for the times between repairs and occurrences of the two types of faults. A characterization of the exponential distribution is indicated.

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Barron, Yonit, Esther Frostig, and Benny Levikson. "Analysis of R-out-of-N repairable systems: the case of phase-type distributions." Advances in Applied Probability 36, no. 01 (March 2004): 116–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800012908.

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An R-out-of-N repairable system, consisting of N independent components, is operating if at least R components are functioning. The system fails whenever the number of good components decreases from R to R-1. A failed component is sent to a repair facility. After a failed component has been repaired it is as good as new. Formulae for the availability of the system using Markov renewal and semi-regenerative processes are derived. We assume that either the repair times of the components are generally distributed and the components' lifetimes are phase-type distributed or vice versa. Some duality results between the two systems are obtained. Numerical examples are given for several distributions of lifetimes and of repair times.

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