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1
Muradi, Muradi. "PENGELOLAAN PENGAMANAN PERBATASAN INDONESIA." CosmoGov 1, no. 1 (April 14, 2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v1i1.11859.
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Masalah yang terjadi di perbatasan negara adalah bukan hanya tentang missmanajemendan bagaimana harus melindungi tanah tersebut dari berbagai musuh,tetapi juga yang lebih fundamental adalah tentang delimitasi dan demarkasi yangada dalam proses negosiasi. Indonesia memiliki masalah perbatasan yang belumterselesaikan dengan 10 negara diantaranya Singapura, Malaysia, Philipina,Australia, Papua Nugini, Vietnam, India, Thailand, Timor Leste dan Republik Palau.Selain itu, banyak ketegangan yang terjadi terkait persoalan perbatasan dengansejumlah negara seperti kejadian di blok Ambalat antara Indonesia dan Malaysia,dan juga mengenai perbatasan antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste. Artikel ini akanmenjelaskan bagaimana pengelolaan keamanan perbatasan di Indonesia. Dalamartikel ini akan didiskusikan pula perspektif tentang pengelolaan keamananperbatasan dan menjelaskan tentang pengelolaam keamanan perbatasan denganberbagai prasyarat pendukung, merujuk kepada lima poin pengelolaan perbatasan
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Mariane, Irene. "ILLEGAL FISHING DI KAWASAN PERBATASAN LAUT TERITORIAL INDONESIA." SUPREMASI HUKUM 16, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/jsh.v16i1.714.
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Sebagai negara kepulauan, batas perairan kepulauan Indonesia terdiri dari batas laut teritorial, batas Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) dan Batas Landas Kontinen. Posisi Negara Indonesia berbatasan langsung dengan banyak negara lain, berbatasan darat dengan Malaysia, Papua Nugini (PNG), dan Timor Leste, sedangkan berbatasan laut dengan 10 negara, yaitu India, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, Vietnam, Filipina, Republik Palau, Australia, Timor Leste dan Papua Nugini (PNG). Perairan Indonesia yang berbatasan langsung dengan negara tetangga tersebut sering kali menjadi akses terjadinya kejahatan transnasional, antara lain illegal fishing. Walaupun telah ada beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur kegiatan illegal fishing, namun masih saja sering terjadi kegiatan illegal fishing yang dilakukan oleh negara-negara tetangga tersebut. Luasnya wilayah perarian Indonesia sehingga pengawasan pemerintah di kawasan perbatasan perairan belum optimal, minimnya fasilitas teknologi pengamanan perbatasan yang baik dan masih minimnya pelibatan peran serta nelayan-nelayan tradisional, menjadi faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya illegal fishing. Kegiatan ilegal fishing tidak semata-mata menjadi persoalan Indonesia, tetapi juga menjadi persoalan lintas negara karena para pelaku dan kegiatannya lintas negara. Oleh karena itu penanganan persoalan ini harus dilakukan secara lintas negara, baik dengan menetapkan langkah-langkah strategis maupun melalui kerja sama bilateral.
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Kitchener, D. J., and M. Adams. "Morphological and genetic relationships among populations of Scotorepens sanbomi (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Papua, New Guinea, Australia and Indonesia." Australian Mammalogy 17, no. 1 (1994): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am94004.
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Skull and external morphology and the genetic relationships of Scotorepens sanbomi individuals were studied for populations in Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia and West Timor (a recently discovered population). Discriminant function analyses showed that animals from West Timor were large and similar in size and shape to those from Papua New Guinea and Queensland; their skull dimensions were closer to Queensland animals whereas their external dimensions were closer to Papua New Guinea animals. The West Timor, Papua New Guinea and Queensland animals were considerably larger in skull', external and baculum measurements than the Western Australian animals. The Northern Territory animals were intermediate, but closer to the Western Australian animals. The latter also showed some proportional (shape) differences from animals in these other populations. The largest animals (West Timor) had a relatively high wing loading and higher aspect ratio than the smallest (Western Australia) animals. This suggests that on West Timor the species forage in less cluttered airspace, probably higher above the vegetation, than their counterparts from Western Australia. Allozyme electrophoresis of 3lloci revealed considerable genetic heterogeneity between the populations (Nei Ds range 0.023- 0.158). The West Timor population was genetically most similar to the Western Australia and Northern Territory populations and most divergent from both the Queensland and New Guinea populations.
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Blaxland, John. "IMAGINING SWEETER AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA RELATIONS." Journal Of Global Strategic Studies 1, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36859/jgss.v1i1.572.
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Australia�s relationship with Indonesia has been a bit like the board game �Snakes and Ladders�. Incremental progress in the relationship (up the ladder) is easily undone (down the snake) over a range of misunderstandings including issues like beef, boats, spies, clemency, Timor and Papua. Both countries have considerable overlapping interests. They both have to find a way to deepen and broaden the bilateral relationship to prevent this cycle from continuing to recur. In considering how to do that, understanding how they got here is important. Bilateral and multilateral engagement, on trade, education, and security including through IA-CEPA, links like the Ikahan network, additional New Colombo Plan engagement and a MANIS regional maritime cooperation forum may help make that happen.
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MARCINIAK, NATALIA, MACIEJ SKORACKI, and MARTIN HROMADA. "Quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with Cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)." Zootaxa 4565, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4565.2.3.
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Quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Cheyletoidea) parasitizing cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae) are reviewed. Three new species are described: Neoaulobia cacatui sp. nov. from the Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus funereus (type host) in Australia and the Palm Cockatoo Probosciger aterrimus in Papua New Guinea, Lawrencipicobia calyptorhyncha sp. nov. from the Glossy Black-cockatoo Calyptorhynchus lathami in Australia, and Lawrencipicobia sulphurea sp. nov. from the Yellow-crested cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea in Indonesia (West Timor).
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Sunarya, Abas, and Sudaryono Sudaryono. "The Strategic Issues Of Economic Development Of Border Area Of Indonesia - Malaysia." CICES 2, no. 2 (August 30, 2016): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cices.v2i2.221.
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On the land, Indonesia is bordered by three countries: Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and Timor Leste.Whereas, in Indonesia sea area bordered by 10 countries: India, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand,Vietnam, Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Australia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea. Most ofthe border region in Indonesia is still an underdeveloped area with less facilities and infrastructure ofsocial and economic. Formulation of the problem are: 1. How do the condition of the socio-economicand culture in the border of Indonesia - Malaysia? 2. What is the condition of infrastructure in theborder and what is the urgent infrastructure to be built? 3. What are policy and strategy of theIndonesian government of the border of society development between Indonesia (Entikong) andMalaysia (Sarawak)? The purpose of writing are: 1. Comparing the condition of the socio-economicand culture of border both Indonesia and Malaysia. 2. Comparing the condition of the infrastructureof border both Indonesia and Malaysia and determining the infrastructure to be built. 3. Describingthe Indonesian government policy and strategy in development acceleration of economic society in theborder between Indonesia, especially Entikong Sub-District of Sanggau Regency West Kalimantanand Malaysia (Sarawak). Although, the commitment and the governments policy have given a higherpriority in the reorientated development of border, which those of security (security approach) into awelfare orientation (prosperity approach), but overall, the issue of society development in Indonesiaborder, especially the District Entikong Sanggau Regency West Kalimantan and Malaysia (Sarawak)so far can be said that are still not getting proportional attention. The indication, though a variety ofpolicies, regulations or laws relating to efforts to accelerate economic development of border societieshave been made. Various issues and problems are faced by the border, both land and sea borders canbe solved by more focused and targeted on six aspects, these are policy, economic and socio-cultural,defense and security, natural resources management, institutional and management authority, as wellas cooperation inter nations.
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GON, OFER, and GERALD R. ALLEN. "Revision of the Indo-Pacific cardinalfish genus Siphamia (Perciformes: Apogonidae)." Zootaxa 3294, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3294.1.1.
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The Indo-Pacific apogonid genus Siphamia Weber 1909 is unique among cardinalfishes in having a bacterial biolumines-cent system and spinoid scales. Light is produced by luminous bacteria found in a small pocket connected to the gut in theabdominal cavity and in a sac on each side of the tip of the tongue. Siphamia consists of 23 small species many of whichare associated with invertebrates such as sea urchins, crown-of-thorns starfish and coral. Species of this genus fall intotwo main groups with different dark pigment pattern of the longitudinal translucent muscle acting as a light organ thatdiffuses light along the ventral edge of the body. The S. tubifer group, with a striated light organ, includes S. arabica, newspecies, from the Gulf of Oman; S. argentea from the Philippines and northern Western Australia; S. fraseri, new species,from New Caledonia, Tonga and Fiji; S. fuscolineata from the Marshall and Line islands; S. goreni, new species, from thesouthern Red Sea; S. guttulata from Darnley Island, Queensland; S. jebbi from the western Pacific, ranging from the Phil-ippines to Western Australia and east to the Caroline Islands, Fiji, and Tonga; S. majimai from the Ryukyu and Ogasawaraislands to northwestern Australia, ranging eastward to New Caledonia and Tonga; S. mossambica from the western IndianOcean; S. randalli, new species, from the Society and Cook islands; S. spinicola, new species, from Biak in eastern Indo-nesia, Papua New Guinea, Woleai Atoll, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Chesterfield Islands; S. stenotes, new species,from the Triton Bay area of Irian Jaya Barat Province of Indonesia; and S. tubifer ranging widely in the Indo-West Pacificfrom the Red Sea to Madagascar and east to Vanuatu. The S. tubulata group, with a dark-dotted light organ, includes S.brevilux, new species, from Papua New Guinea; S. cephalotes from southern Australia; S. corallicola from Indonesia, Sa-bah, and Timor Sea; S. cuneiceps from Western Australia and the east coast of Queensland; S. cyanophthalma, new species,from the Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea; S. elongata from the Philippines and Brunei; S. fistulosafrom Java, Sumbawa and Komodo, Indonesia, and Brunei; S. roseigaster from Western Australia, ranging along the north-ern and eastern coast of Australia south to Sydney Harbour, New South Wales; S. senoui, new species, from the RyukyuIslands, Japan; and S. tubulata from the Papua Barat Province, Indonesia, south coast of Papua New Guinea, northern Western Australia and Queensland.
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Chacko, Soman, Roberto Fainstein, and Chengbo Li. "Introduction to this special section: Southeast Asia." Leading Edge 39, no. 8 (August 2020): 541–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39080541.1.
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This special section on Southeast Asia features geophysical topics that cover several of the magnificent geotectonic provinces of the region. Southeast Asia is the site of the world's largest archipelago, which features more than 20,000 islands extending east to west more than 3500 miles. The extent of the offshore regions of the archipelago is many times greater than its land area. The Sunda Shelf, with its numerous Tertiary basins in the western part of the archipelago, contains areas of India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Brunei, West Indonesia, and their offshore regions that extend from the Andaman Sea to the Makassar Strait. By contrast, eastern Sunda, with its pre-Tertiary basins, embraces the islands along and north of the Banda Arc, from Sulawesi to western Papua in Indonesia and Timor-Leste and surrounding seas ( Figure 1 ). The most distinguishing tectonic features of the archipelago are related to the collision of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Sunda Shelf and the areas east of it. Numerous volcanoes and earthquake epicenters trace an extensive arc of collision-related subduction zones, which makes this one of the most tectonically active regions in the world. Back-arc and other basins within the stable parts of the Sunda Shelf are the sites of significant hydrocarbon accumulation, primarily within the territorial boundaries of Indonesia and Malaysia.
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Ririmasse, Marlon NR. "Arkeologi Kepulauan Tanimbar Bagian Utara: Tinjauan Potensi di Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat Maluku Indonesia." Kapata Arkeologi 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v12i1.318.
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Tanimbar islands is one of the most southern island group in Maluku. This area is a land bridge that connects Kei-Aru Islands and Papua with the Babar-Sermata Islands until Timor. Directly adjacent to Australia, Tanimbar is also an area of the outer boundary of Indonesia. This area is also known for its rich variety of cultural heritage. As reflected in the academics works and diverse collection of Tanimbar material culture in various world museum. Archaeological study have been conducted since 2006 but only covered the southern part of this archipelago. This paper is the result of the archaeological studies in the Northern Part of the Tanimbar Islands with the focus on Fordata and Larat Island. The reconaissance survey have been adopted as the approach in this research. This study found that the island of Larat and Fordata is rich with the archaeological potential and is recommended to be followed with the further research in the future.Kepulauan Tanimbar merupakan salah satu gugus pulau paling selatan yang terletak di Maluku. Wilayah ini merupakan jembatan darat yang menghubungkan antara Kepulauan Kei-Aru dan Papua dengan Kepulauan Babar-Sermata hingga Timor dan Nusa Tenggara. Berbatasan langsung dengan Australia, Kepulauan Tanimbar juga merupakan kawasan tapal batas terluar Nusantara. Wilayah ini juga dikenal dengan ragam pusaka budaya yang kaya. Sebagaimana ditemukan dalam karya akademis dan ragam koleksi benda budaya Tanimbar di berbagai museum dunia. Studi arkeologi telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2006 namun hanya menjangkau wilayah bagian selatan dan tenggara kepulauan ini. Makalah ini merupakan hasil studi arkeologis untuk wilayah Tanimbar Bagian Utara dengan perhatian pada Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei penjajakan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat kaya dengan potensi kepurbakalaan dan layak ditindaklanjuti dengan studi arkeologis yang lebih mendalam.
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Jones, C. G., J. A. Plummer, E. L. Barbour, and M. Byrne. "Genetic Diversity of an Australian Santalum album Collection – Implications For Tree Improvement Potential." Silvae Genetica 58, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2009): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2009-0036.
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AbstractThe Forest Products Commission of Western Australia manages a sandalwood (Santalum spp.) core germplasm collection at Kununurra in the states far north. This collection serves as a significant seed source for sandalwood plantations in the area and remains an important resource for ongoing research. The collection contains S. album trees sourced from Indian arboreta, along with a few trees from West Timor, Indonesia. Also present are representatives of S. macgregorii from Papua New Guinea and S. austrocaledonicum from Vanuatu and/or New Caledonia. Despite the apparently diverse seed origins, the genetic background of many of the accessions remains vague. In this study, diversity and relatedness was assessed by nuclear and chloroplast RFLPs and a phylogeny was inferred. Nuclear RFLPs revealed very low levels of genetic diversity for a tree species, with an observed and expected heterozygosity (Ho and He) of 0.047. Nineteen genotypes were identified within the 233 S. album individuals sampled, with only one tree known to have originated from Timor being differentiated from Indian material. Other trees thought to have come from Timor grouped with those believed to be from India, indicating they were either incorrectly labelled or sourced from heavily modified populations. Despite the poor sample size, chloroplast RFLP analysis revealed no genetic distinction between the Timorese and Indian S. album, which supports the theory of human mediated seed dispersal from Timor to India. The structure of the phylogeny and associated relatedness has assisted in the establishment of seed orchards, designed to ensure maximum diversity is maintained through limiting the proximity of highly related trees. Finally, in light of these and other findings, a hypothesis concerning the evolution of S. album is proposed.
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Pinyopusarerk, K., BV Gunn, ER Williams, and LD Pryor. "Comparative Geographical Variation in Seedling Morphology of Three Closely Related Red Mahoganies, Eucalyptus Urophylla, E. pellita and E. scias." Australian Journal of Botany 41, no. 1 (1993): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9930023.
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Twenty two populations of Eucalyptus urophylla, 13 of E. pellita and two of E. scias were selected throughout the species' natural distributions in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Australia, and the morphology of seedlings compared under greenhouse conditions. Leaf length, width, length/width ratio, base angle, stem shape and, to a lesser extent, intranode length provided good discrimination between species and provenances. Canonical variate analysis revealed four groups, two of which contain E. urophylla, one E. pellita and one E. scias. Wetar Island provenances formed one of the two E. urophylla groups, distinguished from the other group consisting of Alor, Adonara, Flores, Pantar and Timor provenances on the basis of narrower leaves, greater length/width ratios, more acute leaf base angles and square stems. Seedling leaves of E. pellita were generally longer and broader than the other species, with a tendency for a separation between the northern occurrences (New Guinea and northern Cape York Peninsula, Queensland) and southern occurrences (Helenvale to Rockhampton, Queensland); those from the north had smaller leaves and more distinctly square stems. E. scias is clearly distinguished by its narrower leaves and longer intranode length.
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Panjaitan, Pangihutan, Jonni Mahroza, and Pujo Widodo. "Indonesia Defense Diplomacy: Papua's Problem Perspective." Technium Social Sciences Journal 6 (March 27, 2020): 142–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v6i1.289.
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This research is a lesson learned from the resolution of the Timor Leste conflict which is expected to be applied in efforts to resolve the Papua problem. On 30 August 1999 through a referendum held in East Timor. The 27th province of Indonesia was finally separated from Indonesia and obtained its official status as a member of the United Nations on May 20, 2002. Learning from the settlement approach in the Timor Leste case. So the Indonesian government must have more relevant policy formulations so that the same scenario does not repeat itself in solving the Papua problem. The qualitative method is used in this research, with a case study approach. The conclusion obtained is that the Government of Indonesia is obliged to realize policies that focus on the interests of the Papuan people as well as the Indonesian government's diplomatic efforts which firmly state that the Papua problem is a domestic problem whose intervention is a violation of Indonesian law and sovereignty and to end the pressure of internationalization on Papuan cases.
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Amin, Mukhlis. "Akses dan Penggunaan Internet Pitalebar di Wilayah Perbatasan (Indonesia – Papua Nugini dan Indonesia – Timor Leste)." JURNAL IPTEKKOM : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Informasi 18, no. 1 (July 19, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33164/iptekkom.18.1.2016.35-50.
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Heston, Tyler M., and Stephanie Locke. "Fataluku." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 49, no. 3 (July 13, 2016): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100316000190.
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Fataluku ([fataluku], ISO 639-3: ddg) is a language spoken by approximately 37,000 people on the eastern end of Timor-Leste (Lewis, Simons & Fennig 2016). Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, is an independent nation that occupies the eastern half of the island of Timor in island Southeast Asia, which it shares politically with Indonesia in the west. Timor is located north of Australia, between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Bali in the west and New Guinea in the east.
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Webster, David. "Truth and reconciliation in Southeast Asia and the Melanesian Pacific: Potential Canadian contributions and potential lessons for Canada." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 72, no. 1 (February 24, 2017): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702017695215.
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Recent experiences with truth and reconciliation processes in Southeast Asia and the Southwest Pacific suggest that there is a role for historical research and memory in helping to build sustainable peace and stability in new nations—and conversely, that ignoring violent pasts undermines peacebuilding efforts. Two truth commissions have operated in this region, in Timor-Leste (East Timor) and Solomon Islands. There are also calls for truth and reconciliation processes in Indonesia at the national and local levels, including in (West) Papua. As the only Western developed country to have held a full truth commission, Canada could play a powerful role in promoting and supporting mutual dialogue on the implementation of truth and reconciliation outside its borders. We can derive both potential lessons and recommendations for Canadian action to promote truth and reconciliation processes from the cases of Indonesia, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste.
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Gullett, Warwick. "Reconciliation in the Timor Sea." Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 4, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134484-12340072.
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Australia and Timor Leste’s relationship has been bedevilled by disagreement about rights to lucrative hydrocarbon resources lying beneath the seabed of the Timor Sea and a complicated and at times a painful history with Indonesia. This article reviews these circumstances, the progress that has been made to settle resource rights in overlapping claimed areas of the Timor Sea, and the international proceedings that have been taken by Timor Leste against Australia. It is concluded that the key outstanding issue – where, exactly, the seabed boundary between Australia and Timor Leste should be located – will not be resolved in these proceedings but that progress towards amicable development of offshore resources will rest on good faith negotiations, cooperation and sound understanding of laws and principles for maritime boundary delimitation.
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LOWRY, J. K., R. T. SPRINGTHORPE, and B. A. R. AZMAN. "The talitrid amphipod genus Talorchestia from the South China Sea to the Indonesian Archipelago (Crustacea, Senticaudata)." Zootaxa 4319, no. 3 (September 13, 2017): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.1.
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We redescribe Talorchestia gracilis (Dana, 1852a) for the first time and designate a neotype based on new collections from Pulau Layang-Layang, Swallow Reef, South China Sea. We describe T. bunaken sp. nov. from Bunaken Island, Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, T. dili sp. nov. from Dili, Timor-Leste, T. seringat sp. nov. from Singapore, T. sipadan sp. nov. from Sipadan Island, Sabah, Malaysia and T. yoyoae sp. nov. from Lombok, Indonesia. We report T. spinipalma (Dana, 1852a) from Madang, northern Papua New Guinea.
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Hawkins, Zoe. "A decade of mental health services in Timor-Leste." International Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (January 2010): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s174936760000093x.
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The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) occupies the eastern half of the island of Timor, which lies north-west of Australia and within the eastern Indonesia archipelago. The population is approximately one million, of whom 45% are below the age of 15. Average life expectancy is 59.5 years and 50% of the population live below the national poverty line of US$0.88 per day. The official languages are Tetun and Portuguese, with Indonesian also used. The majority of the population are Catholic but also hold traditional animist beliefs.
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Sari, Undayani Cita, and Boby Rahman. "Studi Literatur: Kajian Geoteknik Daerah Perbatasan sebagai Salah Satu Faktor dalam Penguatan Infrastruktur Daerah Perbatasan di Kabupaten Belu, Nusa Tenggara Timur." Jurnal Planologi 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpsa.v16i1.4320.
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Walaupun Indonesia sebagai negara maritime dengan sebagian besar berupa lautan, tetapi terdapat beberapa wilayah di Indonesia yang berbatasan darat dengan negara tetangga, yaitu di Pulau Kalimantan yang berbatasan dengan Malaysia, Papua berbatasan dengan Papua Nugini, dan Nusa Tenggara Timur dimana berbatasan dengan Timor Leste. Daerah perbatasan ini dapat dianggap sebagai tolak ukur pembangunan dari suatu negara. Hal ini dikarenakan karena secara geografis Kawasan perbatasan jauh dari pusat Pemerintahan, maka apabila kondisi Kawasan perbatasan maju jika ditinjau dari pembangunannya maka Pemerintah dapat dianggap secara umum telah berhasil meratakan pembangunan. Pembangunan infrastruktur adalah salah satu hal yang paling menonjol di daerah perbatasan. Dengan infrastruktur yang lengkap dan bermutu baik, maka Kawasan perbatasan sebagai cerminan diri dari suatu negara akan terasa semakin jelas. Namun demikian, sebagaimana konsep dasar pembangunan infrastruktur yang ada, pembangunan di daerah perbatasan pun perlu memperhitungkan karakteristik geoteknik wilayah tersebut. Posisi daerah perbatasan yang umumnya jauh dan sukar dijangkau pun membuat pembangunan infrastruktur menemui kendalanya sendiri. Oleh karena itu, pada tulisan ini melakukan tinjauan terhadap permasalahan geoteknik berdasarkan studi literatur yang ada di daerah perbatasan Indonesia yang berbatasan dengan Timor Leste, yaitu Kabupaten Belu. Sehingga diharapkan dapat sebagai salah satu kontribusi dalam memberikan sumbangsih referensi mengenai keadaan di daerah perbatasan. Kondisi geoteknik daerah perbatasan yang ditinjau pada tulisan ini mencangkup kondisi tanah, batuan dan topografi, yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dari pembangunan infrastruktur.
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Howarth, Bob. "Phoenix rising 2000: How Timor-Leste’s media bloomed from the ashes of violence and bloody conflict." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 24, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v24i2.448.
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Commentary: The second annual Dili Dialogue Forum in July 2018 was sponsored by UNESCO, UNDP and the Timor-Leste Press Council and the governments of New Zealand, Japan and the Netherlands. Delegates came from Asian press councils and media freedom bodies, including the South East Asian Press Alliance, and from Cambodia, China, Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. For the first time, Papua New Guinea’s Media Council was represented by its secretary and popular television presenter Belinda Kora. The author reflects on two days of presentations and roundtable discussions at the Forum—which saw Dili becoming the hub for a much bigger alliance of Asia-Pacific press councils—in the context of his long involvement in Timor-Leste media freedom issues.
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Carlisle, K., S. Larkins, M. Whittaker, D. MacLaren, H. Harrington, and M. Delai. "Research capacity training for surveillance and response in the Indo-Pacific: a case study of implementation." Public Health Action 11, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.20.0067.
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SETTING: Surveillance and response workforce in the Indo-Pacific region, including Papua New Guinea (PNG), Solomon Islands, Fiji, Eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the implementation of a modified WHO SORT IT research training programme which included a workplace-based research project. The training was designed for surveillance and response frontline workforce in the Indo-Pacific region.DESIGN: This was a programme evaluation using mixed methods. Fifty-three health and biosecurity workers from Fiji, Indonesia, PNG, Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste participated in the research training programme.RESULTS: Implementation of the programme was modified to reflect the context of participant countries. Work-place research projects focused on priority issues identified by local policy makers and in-country stakeholders. Self-reported research skills showed a significant increase (P < 0.01) after the completion of training. Participants reported high scores for satisfaction with training.CONCLUSIONS: This case study provides lessons learnt for future research training, and demonstrates that the SORT IT model can be modified to reflect the context of implementation without compromising purpose or outcomes.
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Tarasova, D. A. "PRAGMATIC FRIENDSHIP OF CHINA AND EAST TIMOR, ITS PREREQUISITES AND POSSIBLE PERSPECTIVES." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/19-3/07.
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This article is devoted to cooperation between the People's Republic of China and East Timor (Timor-Leste) as part of Chinese cultural and economic expansion to Southeast Asia. There're a number of reasons for this kind of support, including traditional backup for Timor's independence, China's desire to diversify its energy sources and gain new markets for Chinese goods; consolidate its status as an important partner of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries and to prevent the possible growing influence of Taiwan (the Republic of China). Economically, China for Timor-Leste means cheap imports and potential exports; while Timor remains the base for many projects of Chinese businessmen ever since its getting independence, despite the crisis of 2006. This cooperation leads to impact on other significant actors in the region, such as Indonesia and Australia, which also support Timor, as well as the United States; which oppose the expansion of Beijing's influence in this geostrategically important area. The example of Timor-Leste also illustrates the growing sophistication of Chinese diplomacy and its commitment to using soft power as a counter to the obsolete perception of China as a threat that prevailed earlier in Southeast Asia. In conclusion, if Timorese oil reserves run low, cooperation between two states can be slightly transformed from economic to military; however, the radical changes in Timor's foreign policy, which struggled for their independence for so long, are unlikely.
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Samingun, Samingun, and Julianto Jover Jotam Kalalo. "Immigration Law Regulations Against Traditional Border Crossers in the Border Area of Merauke Regency." Musamus Law Review 3, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/mularev.v3i1.3514.
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The state of Indonesia is a state of law, everything is regulated by law. The Indonesian territory from Sabang to Merauke has borders with other foreign countries. The West is bordered by other countries even though it is separated from the sea, in the north it is directly adjacent to the mainland area with Malaysia, in the south it borders on land with Timor Leste and in the eastern part it is directly adjacent to Papua New Guinea. The entire area bordering either directly or indirectly is regulated by immigration law. Immigration law regulations have been well regulated, starting from the highest regulations to the lowest regulations in their respective regions. In this case, in the border area of Merauke district, which is directly adjacent to Papua New Guinea, there are immigration law regulations that are used based on positive Indonesian law, in this case laws and there are also customary laws from the local community. The occurrence of legal pluralism in the land border area of Merauke district is due to the existence of customary law that is still thick in the lives of the people in this border area, resulting in an immigration law regulation that must conform to the policies of local indigenous peoples who always cross borders from Indonesia to Papua New Guinea or vice versa, known as the designation of traditional border crossers.
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MOUND, LAURENCE A. "Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae)." Zootaxa 4623, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3.
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A key is provided to 13 species of Haplothrips recorded from Malesia, the tropical biogeographic region that extends from Peninsular Malaysia to New Guinea. Three new synonyms are established, and H. aliceae sp.n. is described from Sarawak, Timor-Leste and Thailand. In contrast to recent treatments of Haplothrips, one of the most common members of the genus in Australia, H. angustus Hood is recognised as a syn.n. of H. ganglebaueri Schmutz that is widespread from Iran to Indonesia. Difficulties in distinguishing between three of the most common flower-living, Southeast Asian, species of this genus are discussed: H. anceps Hood from northern Australia, H. chinensis Priesner from Hong Kong, and H. brevitubus (Karny) from Japan.
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Arsyad, Muhammad, Andi Nuddin, Imam Mujahidin Fahmid, Darmawan Salman, Dwia Aries Tina Pulubuhu, Andi Alimuddin Unde, Abd Rasyid J, and Achmad Amiruddin. "Keterkaitan Peran Antar Lembaga dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia." Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian 28, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/agrolandnasional.v27i3.619.
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Salah satu persoalan fundamental yang dihadapi pembangunan pertanian di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia adalah peran masing-masing lembaga terkait dengan pembangunan pertanian belum terpetakan dengan jelas menyebabkan pembangunan menjadi ego-sektoral. Penelitian ini menganalisis keterkaitan peran antar lembaga dalam pembangunan pertanian di perbatasan dengan Metode Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) dan berlokasi di tiga provinsi perbatasan dengan negara lain, yaitu: (1) Kalimatan Utara-Malaysia, (2) Papua-Papua Nugini, dan (3) Nusa Tenggara Timur-Timor Leste. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, dari sisi keterkaitan peran antar lembaga pemeran yang beroperasi dalam pembangunan pertanian, ditemukan bahwa salah satu aspek penentu penguatan kelembagaan pertanian di perbatasan adalah fungsi koordinasi antar lembaga (interkoneksitas). Kedua, lembaga-lembaga pemeran prioritas terdistribusi ke dalam sektor independent dan linkage (koefisien rata-rata DP = 0,79) dan dependent (D=0,37) yaitu: (1) Kementerian Desa dan Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal & Transmigrasi, (2) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, (3) Kementerian Pertanian/Ditjen Perkebunan, (4) Kementerian Perindustrian dan Perdagangan, (5) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (6) Badan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa (BPMD) provinsi/kabupaten, (7) Dinas Perindustrian & Perdagangan (Provinsi), (8) Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan (provinsi/kabupaten), (9) Dinas Perhubungan (Provinsi/Kabupaten) (10) Dinas Pertanian/perkebunan (Provinsi/Kabupaten), (11) Lembaga Pemasaran/Koperasi Pertanian, (12) Lembaga Perbankan, (13) Dinas Koperasi/UKM (Kabupaten), (14) Kelompok Tani/Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan), dan (15) Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian/Perkebunan (Kabupaten). Empat lembaga di antaranya merupakan lembaga pemeran kunci, yaitu: (1) Dinas Pertanian/Perkebunan (Provinsi/Kabupaten), (2) Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian/Perkebunan (Kabupaten), dan (3) Kelompok Tani/Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan). Jika dipilah berdasarlkan tingkatannya, maka lembaga tingkat pusat yang memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam penguatan kelembagaan pertanian di perbatasan yaitu: (1) Kementerian Pertanian/Ditjen Perkebunan, (2) Pusat Penelitian Pertanian/Perkebunan (Balitbang Pertanian), dan (3) Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi.
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Susilo, Ferdinand, Muhammad Komarul Huda, and Hanifah Mutia Z. N. Amrul. "Malesia Bryophytes Diversity." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v2i1.803.
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Bryophyte is a division of plants that lives on land, generally it is green and reproduces through spores, has ecological and economic functions, and plays an important role in forest ecosystems. It spreads out almost in all parts of the earth with different characters in each group. It is divided into 3 groups, namely liverwort, true moss, and hornwort, which are phylogeny and true liverwort is in the same lineage. The number of bryophytes species is around 18000 with the largest distribution area of bryophyte diversity in tropical and subtropical latitudes, such as the Malesia region which includes Malaysia, Indonesia, Timor Leste, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, and Brunei. Various studies were carried out related to the diversity of bryophyte, especially in the Malesia region, and found various types including new species, new records, and new characters.
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Banerjee, Abhijit V., and Esther Duflo. "The Economic Lives of the Poor." Journal of Economic Perspectives 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.1.141.
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The 1990 World Development Report from the World Bank defined the “extremely poor” people of the world as those who are currently living on no more than $1 per day per person. But how actually does one live on less than $1 per day? This essay is about the economic lives of the extremely poor: the choices they face, the constraints they grapple with, and the challenges they meet. A number of recent data sets and a body of new research allow us to start building an image of the way the extremely poor live their lives. Our discussion builds on household surveys conducted in 13 countries: Cote d'Ivoire, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, South Africa, Tanzania, and Timor Leste (East Timor). These surveys provide detailed information on extremely poor households around the world, from Asia to Africa to Latin America, including information on what they consume, where they work, and how they save and borrow. We consider the extremely poor—those living in households where the consumption per capita is less than $1.08 per person per day—as well as the merely “poor”—defined as those who live under $2.16 a day—using 1993 purchasing power parity as benchmark. In keeping with convention, we call these the $1 and $2 dollar poverty lines, respectively.
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Gray, Natalie, Peter Azzopardi, Elissa Kennedy, Elise Willersdorf, and Mick Creati. "Improving Adolescent Reproductive Health in Asia and the Pacific." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 25, no. 2 (July 31, 2011): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539511417423.
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Data on adolescent reproductive health (ARH) are required to inform evidence-based policies and programs. The reports of national-level household surveys such as the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) are important sources of such data in developing countries. The aim of this study was to map data on ARH from DHS and MICS reports from selected countries in the Asia and Pacific regions. The DHS and MICS reports for Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu, and Vietnam were reviewed. Data on 128 indicators, including ARH outcomes, outcomes for babies of adolescent mothers, and adolescents’ access to health information and services, were mapped. Available data are limited because of the omission of cohorts such as young adolescents (10-14 years old) and, in many surveys, unmarried women; the omission of important indicators; and failure to report data disaggregated by age. DHS and MICS reports have limited capacity to inform policy and programs to improve ARH. A review of DHS and MICS sampling strategies and reporting templates, and a consideration of alternative data collection strategies, are warranted.
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Hunter, P. C. "PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN BHPP." APPEA Journal 37, no. 1 (1997): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj96046.
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BHP is a leading global resources company which comprises four main business groups: BHP Copper, BHP Minerals, BHP Steel and BHP Petroleum. BHP Petroleum (BHPP) global operations are divided into four Regions and Australia/Asia Region is responsible for exploration, production, field development and joint ventures in the Asia-Pacific region. In Australia, the Company's largest producing assets are its shares of the Gippsland oil and gas fields in Bass Strait and the North West Shelf project in Western Australia.BHPP operates three Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels-Jabiru Venture, Challis Venture and Skua Venture-in the Timor Sea and one FPSO, the Griffin Venture, in the Southern Carnarvon Basin. Stabilised oil is offloaded from all four FPSOs by means of a floating hose to a shuttle tanker. Gas from the Griffin Venture is compressed and transferred through a submarine pipeline to an onshore gas treatment plant.BHPP's Asian production comes from the Dai Hung oil field offshore Vietnam where BHPP is the operator and from Kutubu in Papua New Guinea.In Melbourne, BHPP operates a Methanol Research Plant and produced Australia's first commercial quantities of methanol in October 1994.BHPP is an extremely active offshore oil and gas explorer and has interests in a number of permits and blocks in the Australian-Indonesian Zone of Co-operation.This paper discusses BHPP's approach to safety management, both for its worldwide operations and specifically in Australia/Asia Region. It explains how BHPP's worldwide safety management model takes regional regulatory variations into account. It shows, specifically, how this has been done in Australia/Asia Region using what BHPP considers to be a best practice approach.The paper describes how BHPP Australia/Asia Region benchmarked its performance against other operators in Australia and the North Sea. It explains how the findings of the benchmarking study were used to plan the preparation of a safety management system (SMS). The structure of the SMS is described along with the legal requirements in Australia.The paper concludes that implementation of the SMS is progressing according to plan and points out that safety cases for the FPSOs have been submitted to the Regulators. Implementation of the SMS and the drive for world class safety standards is having a substantial effect and safety performance is improving. One measure of safety performance, the Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) is down from around 15 at the end of 1994 to under 3 in December 1996.
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Rawlings, Lesley H., David Barker, and Stephen C. Donnellan. "Phylogenetic relationships of the Australo-Papuan Liasis pythons (Reptilia : Macrostomata), based on mitochondrial DNA." Australian Journal of Zoology 52, no. 2 (2004): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo03030.
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The genus Liasis comprises two groups of pythons, the olive python, Liasis olivaceus, and the water pythons L. fuscus and L. mackloti. We used partial mitochondrial control region DNA sequences to examine (a) the phylogeography of water pythons from five Indonesian Lesser Sunda islands, New Guinea, and northern Australia, (b) the relationships of the two subspecies of olive pythons, and (c) the relationship of the Papuan python, Apodora papuana, with the species of Liasis. Maximum likelihood, parsimony and distance analyses showed that A. papuana is the sister lineage to all Liasis and that Liasis fuscus/L. mackloti and L. olivaceus are separate lineages. There is also support for the reciprocal monophyly of the two olive python subspecies, L. olivaceus barroni and L. o. olivaceus, and for distinction of island populations described previously as L. mackloti dunni from Wetar and L. mackloti savuensis from Sawu. These two island populations are as equally distinct as the populations from the island cluster of Babar/Semau/Timor. There is strong support for the recognition of two lineages ('eastern' and 'western') of water pythons in Australia. We propose that the drier interior of the Plio-Pleistocene land bridge between Australia and New Guinea acted as a barrier to gene flow, influencing the genetic divergence between the 'eastern' and 'western' lineages of the semi-aquatic water pythons.
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Purwanda, Sunardi. "MODEL PENANGGULANGAN KONFLIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOCIO-LEGAL(STUDI KASUS TAWURAN MAHASISWA DIKOTA MAKASSAR) CONFLICT MANAGEMENT MODEL IN SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE (STUDY CASE OF STUDENT BRAWL IN MAKASSAR)." LAW REFORM 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/lr.v10i1.12462.
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Selama manusia hadir dalam sebuah tatanan peradaban, selama itu pula konflikakan membayanginya. Konflik bukanlah sesuatu hal yang baru, karena ia lahirseiring hadirnya manusia di bumi. Sejarah telah membuktikan bahwa manusiatidak akan pernah lepas dari konflik. Bagaimanapun juga manusia tidak akanpernah mampu untuk menghindari suatu konflik, karena perwujudan dari suatukonflik melekat erat dalam budaya kehidupan masyarakat. Di Indonesia sendiri,konflik juga hadir dalam tatanan budaya masyarakatnya. Disintegrasi konflik yangmuncul diantaranya terjadi di Aceh, Papua, Maluku, Timor Leste, Poso, Sampithingga konflik sosial berupa tindakan tawuran mahasiswa yang terjadi di dalamlingkungan kampus, dan terparah berada di wilayah Kota Makassar. Tawurantersebut bukan hanya menelan korban jiwa dari pihak mahasiswa yang bertikai,tapi juga sudah merusak fasilitas kampus, kendaraan pribadi maupun umum.Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut dirumuskan beberapa permasalahan:Mengapa ecenderungan mahasiswa di Kota Makassar lebih memilih tawurandalam menyelesaikan konflik?; Mengapa selama ini model penanggulangankonflik tawuran mahasiswa di Kota Makassar belum berjalan efektif?; Bagaimanamodel penanggulangan konflik yang efektif dalam perspektif sociolegal?Penelitian ini menggabungkan dua bentuk penelitian, yakni penelitian hukumnormatif atau doktrinal dan kajian sosial atau non-doktrinal.Mengkaji/menganalisis data primer yang dihasilkan dari penelitian lapangan, didapatkan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, inventarisasi dokumen-dokumenyang seluruhnya berhubungan dengan perilaku tawuran mahasiswa yang ada dikampus. Sedangkan data sekunder meliputi data penelitian kepustakaan. Datayang dimaksud adalah segala sumber peraturan perundangundangan,kebijakan-kebijakan lembaga atau institusi, buku-buku bacaan, hasil penelitianterdahulu, karya ilmiah yang ter-publish dan semua yang berhubungan denganpermasalahan-permasalahan yang diangkat. Metode penelitian didasarkan ataspendekatan normatif maupun empiris. Metode pendekatan demikian, nantinyamenggabungkan sisi hukum dan sosial atau socio-legal yang bertujuanmemperoleh temuan akurat bahwa budaya masyarakat terutama dalam lingkupkampus merupakan suatu bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari suatu tatanan sistemhukum.Pola aksi dan gerakan mahasiswa sebelum dan setelah reformasi menjadikankonflik bergradasi ke dalam wilayah kampus, konflik tersebut berupa tindakantawuran mahasiswa. Tawuran terparah berada di Makassar, di mana dalam satudekade terakhir, telah teridentifikasi sebanyak 54 kasus tawuran mahasiswa.1 Mahasiswa Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum UNDIP2 Dosen Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum UNDIPPenyebab masalahnya beragam , mulai dari faktor: lama yang telah lamamengakar; adanya egosentrisme fakultas; lahirnya bentuk stereotipikal etniskedaerahan; terjadinya eskalasi konflik dari personal ke kelompok; adanyatekanan psikolog is; dan politisasi konflik dalam kelompok mahasiswa.Penanganan konflik tawuran mahasiswa di lima kampus yang ada di KotaMakassar utuh dan cenderung diskriminatif, maka dari itu dibutuhkanpenanggulangan konflik dalam perspektif socio-legal, yang memandang perlunyaupaya penang gulangan seperti: Model Penanganan Sosial dan ModelPenyelesaian Hukum.Kata Kunci: Model Penaggulangan, KonflikTawuran Mahasiswa, Perspekti.
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Silalahi, Budi Jaya, Faus Tinus Handi Feryandi, and Pandapotan Sidabutar. "Pemanfaatan Teknologi Citra Satelit dan Drone untuk Pengelolaan Pertanahan di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia." Jurnal Pertanahan 11, no. 1 (July 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.53686/jp.v11i1.12.
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ABSTRACT Indonesia is an archipelagic state, which has border with other states on the land, sea, as well as on the air. In the sea, Indonesia has direct borders with ten countries, namely: India, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Republic of Palau, Australia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea. As for the land, Indonesia has direct borders with three countries, namely Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and Timor Leste. As we know, Indonesian people who live in boundary zone are generally in poor conditions with lack of public services, such as: social, transportation and education service and facilities. However, the changing of government paradigm in the last two decades has prompted greater attention to this area. Recently, various government programs are driven to the border region, notably in provinces that have land borders, that is West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, and Papua Provinces. This paper will present about the land management programs in general which carried out in the Indonesia’s border area, for example in Entikong, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province, and Motaain, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The main focus in this paper is the using of remote sensing and drones or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data for supporting those programs. Furthermore, by promote the cooperation with other agencies and encourage community participation in the border zone, those programs can be succeeding in result. The conclusion of the study shows that the utilization of drones and imagery data is the key point of innovation in land management program in order to support the acceleration of sustainable development in the border region. Keywords: Border, Land Management, Drones (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), Remote Sensing, Government Paradigms ABSTRAK Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang berbatasan dengan negara lain baik di darat, laut, maupun di udara. Di laut, Indonesia berbatasan langsung dengan sepuluh negara yaitu: India, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, Vietnam, Filipina, Republik Palau, Australia, Timor Leste, dan Papua Nugini. Sedangkan untuk daratan, Indonesia berbatasan langsung dengan tiga negara yaitu Malaysia, Papua Nugini dan Timor Leste. Sebagaimana kita ketahui, masyarakat Indonesia yang tinggal di zona perbatasan umumnya berada dalam kondisi yang memprihatinkan dengan minimnya pelayanan publik, seperti: pelayanan dan fasilitas sosial, transportasi dan pendidikan. Namun, perubahan paradigma pemerintahan dalam dua dekade terakhir telah mendorong perhatian yang lebih besar pada bidang ini. Belakangan ini berbagai program pemerintah didorong ke wilayah perbatasan, terutama di provinsi yang memiliki perbatasan darat, yaitu Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur, dan Papua. Makalah ini akan memaparkan tentang kegiatan pertanahan secara umum yang dilakukan di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia, yakni di Entikong, Kabupaten Sanggau, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, dan Motaain, Kabupaten Belu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Fokus utama dalam makalah ini adalah penggunaan data penginderaan jauh dan drone atau pesawat tak berawak (UAV). Lebih jauh, dengan meningkatkan kerjasama dengan instansi lain dan mendorong partisipasi masyarakat di zona perbatasan, kegiatan pertanahan tersebut dapat berhasil. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan data drone dan citra merupakan kunci utama inovasi dalam aspek pertanahan guna mendukung percepatan pembangunan berkelanjutan di kawasan perbatasan. Kata kunci: Perbatasan, Pengelolaan Lahan, Drone (Pesawat Udara Tanpa Awak), Penginderaan Jauh, Paradigma
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"Brontispa longissima. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20210038268.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Brontispa longissima (Gestro). Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae. Hosts: coconut (Cocos nucifera). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, North Maluku, Provinsi Papua, Sulawesi, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Laos, Macao, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Maldives, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Oceania (American Samoa, Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, French Polynesia, Nauru, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna).
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"Bactrocera papayae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20056600547.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock Diptera: Tephritidae. Attacks a wide range of fleshy fruits and vegetables. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Brunei, Christmas Island, Indonesia, Bali, Flores, Java, Kalimantan, Lombok, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Timor, Malaysia, Sabah, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, AUSTRALASIA, Australia, Queensland, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea.
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"Penicillaria jocosatrix. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, June (August 1, 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20066600606.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Penicillaria jocosatrix Guenée Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Attacks mango (Mangifera indica) and Spondias dulcis. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Brunei Darussalam, China, Guangdong, East Timor, India, Assam, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Hawaii, OCEANIA, Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, Fed. States of Micronesia, Fiji, Guam, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Vanuatu.
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"Xystrocera globosa. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20056600560.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xystrocera globosa (Olivier) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae Two-lined albizia longhorn. Attacks Albizia odoratissima, A. lebbek, Acacia mollissima, cacao. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Aldabra, Egypt, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, Rodriguez, Seychelles, Sudan, ASIA, Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan, Zhejiang, India, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Borneo, Java, Moluccas, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Timor, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Peninsular Malaysia, Nepal, Nicobar Islands, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudia Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam, CARIBBEAN ISLANDS, Puerto Rico, AUSTRALASIA, and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Northern Territory, Hawaii, Marquesas, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Society Islands.
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"Heteropsylla cubana. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 2nd Revision) (August 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600478.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heteropsylla cubana Crawford. Homoptera: Psyllidae (Leucaena psyllid, suabul psyllid, ipil ipil psyllid). Attacks Leucaena leucocephala, L. diversifolia, L. salvadorensis. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Kenya, Mauritius, Réunion, Asia, Andaman Islands, Burma, Hong Kong, India, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Bali, Flores, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumba, Timor, Japan, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicobar Islands, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Queensland, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hawaii, Nauru, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tahiti, Tonga, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, North America, Florida, Texas, Central America and Caribbean, Anguilla, Antigua, Bahamas Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Tobago, Trinidad, Virgin Islands, South America, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Surinam.
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"Heterobostrychus aequalis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, June (July 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20083133643.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterobostrychus aequalis (Waterhouse). Coleoptera: Bostrichidae. Hosts: tea (Camellia sinensis), kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and forest trees. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Germany), Asia (Bangladesh; Bhutan; Fujian, Hainan and Yunnan, China; Christmas Island; East Timor; Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, India; Indonesia; Israel; Malaysia; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Philippines; Sri Lanka; and Thailand), Africa (Comoros, Madagascar, Nigeria, Seychelles and South Africa), North America (Florida, USA), Central America and Caribbean (Cuba), South America (Suriname) and Oceania (New South Wales, Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia; Guam; New Caledonia; Northern Mariana Islands; Papua New Guinea; and Solomon Islands).
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"Sphacelotheca sorghi. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500220.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clinton. Hosts: Sorghum. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Angola, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burma, China, Hebei, Henan, Manchuria, India, Indonesia, Timor, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Turkey, Vietnam, USSR, Kirgiz, Uzbekistan, Siberia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Crimea, Lithuania, Caucasus, Yemen Arab Republic, Yemen Democratic Republic, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia, Guam, Hawaii, Papua New Guinea, Europe, Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, UK, England, Yugoslavia, North America, Bermuda, Canada, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Antilles, Central America, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St Christopher-Nevis, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Pernambuco, Paraiba, Chile, Peru, Venezuela.
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"Sweet potato feathery mottle virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, April (August 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20203227945.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (Potyviridae: Potyvirus). Main host: sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), but also found in many ornamental plants. Information on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy, Mainland Italy, Portugal, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain), Asia (China, Anhui, Guangxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Yunnan, Zhejiang, East Timor, India, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, West Bengal, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Korea Republic, Philippines, Syria, Taiwan, Vietnam), Africa (Cameroon, Congo Democratic Republic, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Ontario, USA, California, Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Puerto Rico), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Goias, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Sul, Easter Island, Peru, Venezuela) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga) is also given.
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"Mycosphaerella berkeleyi. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 5) (August 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500152.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mycosphaerella berkeleyi Jenkins. Hosts: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Angola, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Dahomey, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, China, Hong Kong, India, Lakshadweep, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kampuchea, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor, Turkey, USSR, Georgia, Vietnam, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, British Solomon Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hawaii, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, West Irian, Europe, Greece, Spain, North America, Bermuda, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Antilles, Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St Vincent, Trinidad & Tobago, South America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.
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"Bactrocera cucurbitae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 4) (July 1, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20066600064.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett Diptera: Tephritidae Hosts: Mostly Cucurbitaceae, also other crops including tomato (Lycopersicon exculentum. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Christmas Island, East Timor, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Wast Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Java, Kalimantan, NusaTenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Iran, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, united Arab Emirates, Vietnam, AFRICA, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Hawaii, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, Guam, Kiribati, Nauru, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
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"Zeugodacus cucurbitae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (August 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20173373945.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Zeugodacus cucurbitae [Bactrocera cucurbitae] (Coquillett). Diptera: Tephritidae. Hosts: polyphagous but especially Cucurbitaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Afghanistan, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Christmas Island, East Timor, India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Java, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Iran, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda), North America (USA, Hawaii) Oceania (Australia, Queensland, Guam, Kiribati, Nauru, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands).
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"Bactrocera dorsalis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (July 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20203000830.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Diptera: Tephritidae. Hosts: polyphagous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy), Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Macao, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Christmas Island, East Timor, India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Java, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Laos, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam), Africa (Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (USA, Hawaii), Oceania (Australia, Queensland, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Nauru, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea).
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"Spoladea recurvalis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20056600527.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) (= Hymenia recurvalis(Fabricius), (H. fascialis Cramer)) Lepidoptera: Pyralidae Beet webworm, Hawaiian beet webworm. Attacks sugar-beet, spinach, Amaranthus Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Cyprus, AFRICA, Algeria, Angola, Ascension Island, Canary Islands, Cameroon, Comoros, Congo, Egypt, Equatorial, Guinea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rodriguez Island St. Helena, Sao, Tomé, & Principé, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Socotra Island, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Brunei, Chagos Islands, China, Guangdong, Shandong, India, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Kalimantan, Moluccas, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumba, Timor, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Maldive Islands, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicobar Islands, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Yemen Republic, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, New South Wales, Northern, Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia, Christmas Island, Cook Islands, Easter Island, Fiji, Hawaii, Marianas Islands, Marquesas Islands, New Britain, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Papua New Guinea, Phoenix Islands, Pitcairn Island, Samoa, American, Western Samoa, Society Islands, Solomon Islands, Tubuai Islands, Vanuatu, Wallis Islands, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Florida, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia, CENTRAL AMERICA and CARIBBEAN, Anguilla, Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Montserrat, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent, Trinidad, Virgin Islands, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, French Guiana, Galapagos Islands, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.
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Pereira, Jeremias, and Lívia Haygert Pithan. "The relationship between public international law and petroleum law: Study of the case between Timor-Leste and Australia." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, December 11, 2019, 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/law/international-public-law.
Full textAbstract:
This article aims to analyze the Law of the Sea and Petroleum to understand the reasons that generated, for more than a decade, the conflict between Timor-Leste and Australia regarding the definition of definitive maritime borders. Timor-Leste has already been exploited and invaded by several nations. Because of the abundance of oil and natural gas, it suffered to gain independence in 2002, as well as struggled to enjoy its maritime territory until 2018, from this new context of the maritime border treaty signed between Timor-Leste and the Australia. The median equidistance line was the parameter used to define the definitive Timorese borders, granting the right to enjoy their maritime territory. The definitive pact on borders has contributed greatly to the development of Timor-Leste, due to the exploitation of sea riches, in addition to recognizing the country’s need for oil companies to assist in the evolution of Timor-Leste in a specific and punctual way. This now needs to be ratified by the national parliaments of both countries. The ratification process is due to be completed in 2019. Timor-Leste is currently seeking to negotiate its maritime borders with Indonesia, but these have been suspended during the mandatory conciliation process with Australia. Now that this process is over, the two countries can resume their discussions aga
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Pereira, Jeremias, and Lívia Haygert Pithan. "La relación entre el derecho internacional público y el derecho petrolero: Estudio del caso entre Timor-Leste y Australia." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, December 11, 2019, 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/ley/derecho-publico-internacional.
Full textAbstract:
Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la Ley del Mar y el Petróleo para comprender las razones que generaron, durante más de una década, el conflicto entre Timor-Leste y Australia con respecto a la definición de fronteras marítimas definitivas. Timor-Leste ya ha sido explotado e invadido por varias naciones. Debido a la abundancia de petróleo y gas natural, sufrió obtener la independencia en 2002, así como luchó por disfrutar de su territorio marítimo hasta 2018, de este nuevo contexto del tratado de frontera marítima firmado entre Timor-Leste y el Australia. La línea de equidistancia mediana fue el parámetro utilizado para definir las fronteras timorenses definitivas, otorgando el derecho a disfrutar de su territorio marítimo. El pacto definitivo sobre las fronteras ha contribuido en gran medida al desarrollo de Timor-Leste, debido a la explotación de las riquezas marinas, además de reconocer la necesidad del país de que las compañías petroleras ayuden en la evolución de Timor-Leste de una manera específica y puntual. Esto debe ser ratificado ahora por los parlamentos nacionales de ambos países. Está previsto que el proceso de ratificación finalice en 2019. Timor-Leste está tratando actualmente negociar sus fronteras marítimas con Indonesia, pero éstas han sido suspendidas durante el proceso de conciliación obligatoria con Australia. Ahora que este proceso ha terminado, los dos países pueden reanudar sus debates de nuevo
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Raharjo, Sandy Nur Ikfal. "ANALISIS DAN UPAYA PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK ANTARA WARGA PERBATASAN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA, INDONESIA DENGAN WARGA DISTRIK OECUSSI, TIMOR LESTE PADA 2012-2013." Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara 4, no. 1 (August 5, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v4i1.327.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Konflik antarwarga perbatasan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, Indonesia, dengan warga Distrik Oecussi, Timor Leste terjadi lagi pada tahun 2012 dan 2013 dan mengancam keamanan nasional. Jenis konflik antarwarga ini menarik karena tidak terjadi di kawasan perbatasan darat Indonesia lainnya, baik di Pulau Kalimantan maupun Papua. Fokus penelitian terdiri atas dua pertanyaan, yaitu bagaimana analisis terhadap konflik antarwarga tersebut dan bagaimana upaya penyelesaian konflik yang sudah dilakukan. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang deskriptif analitis, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa isu belum selesainya delimitasi dan rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan menjadi faktor struktural penyebab konflik, dimana aktor-aktor yang bermain pun tidak hanya melibatkan unsur pemerintah dan aparat militer, tetapi juga masyarakat sipil. Dalam penyelesaian konflik, upaya pemeliharaan perdamaian<em> </em>berupa penghentian kekerasan dan penciptaan perdamaian<em> </em>berupa negosiasi delimitasi perbatasan sudah dilakukan, sementara pembangunan perdamaian masih belum terlihat. Selain itu, berbagai kebijakan pengelolaan batas wilayah dan pembangunan kawasan perbatasan juga berpotensi berperan mencegah kembali pecahnya konflik.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> konflik antarwarga, penciptaan perdamaian<em>, </em>penjagaan perdamaian<em>, </em>pembangunan perdamaian, dan perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste.</p>
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Kurniawan, Endro Sigit, Albertus Deliar, and Eka Djunarsjah. "Model Area Alur Laut Kepulauan Berdasarkan Pairwise Comparison di Selat Ombai dan Lety." REKA GEOMATIKA 2016, no. 2 (April 2, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/rg.v2016i2.1851.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRAKPerubahan konstelasi geopolitik wilayah Timor-Timur sesuai pendapat rakyatnya lebih memilih mendirikan negara baru yaitu Republik Demokratik Timor Leste (RDTL). Perubahan ini berdampak terhadap penarikan garis batas maritimnya, yang semula berada di selatan Timor-Timur antara RI-Australia menjadi berada disebelah utara antara RI-RDTL di Selat Ombai dan di Selat Lety. Penelitian ini memodelkan skema Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) yang memasukkan perubahan geopolitik berdasarkan metode Pairwise Comparison (PC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat skema konsisten yaitu skema 1,2,3,4. Kondisi skema tersebut adalah 1=AL>HI, AL>IN, HI>IN; 2=AL<HI,AL>IN, HI>IN; 3=AL<HI, AL<IN, HI>IN; and 4=AL<HI, AL<IN, HI<IN (AL: kritera Aspek Legal, HI: kriteria Hidrografi, AN: kriteria Aktivitas Navigasi). Proses gradasi dari keempat skema menghasilkan interval skor terbesar dan hasilnya menunjukkan perbedaan dalam unsur spasialnya. Skema satu membentuk lebih dari satu unsur spasial, sedangkan skema 2,3,4 membentuk satu unsur spasial saja. Berdasarkan hasil ini skema 2,3,4 tidak membentuk suatu area alur navigasi yang dapat menghubungkan satu wilayah perairan ke wilayah perairan yang lain, sementara unsur spasial skema 1 membentuk area alur navigasi yang menghubungkan satu wilayah perairan ke wilayah perairan yang lain. Skema satu menjadi rekomendasi sebagai model area untuk merivisi alur laut. Kata kunci: ALKI, Timor Leste, Pairwise Comparison, Selat Ombai, Selat LetyABSTRACTGeopolitical of Timor-Leste has changed after the Timorese voted for independence and built new country called DemocraticR epublic of Timor-Leste (RDTL). The change impacts maritime boundaries between RDTL and Republic of Indonesia (RI). Before independence the maritime boundary is in southern RDTL between the RI and Australia, and now the boundary is in north between RI-RDTL within Ombai and Lety straits. This research models the Archipelagic Sea Lanes of Indonesia (ALKI) scheme by including the geopolitical changed and using Pairwise Comparison (PC) method. Results show there are four consistent schemes (1 to 4 scheme) and the scheme conditions are 1=AL>HI, AL>IN, HI>IN; 2=AL<HI, AL>IN, HI>IN; 3=AL<HI ,AL<IN ,HI>IN; and 4=AL<HI, AL<IN, HI<IN (AL: Law criteria; HI: Hydrographic criteria, AN: Activity Navigation criteria). Scheme gradiation process results higher score and it shows spatial aspect differences. Scheme 1 has more than one spatial aspect, while scheme 2, 3, 4 has only one spatial aspect. Based on this result, scheme 2,3,4 do not forming sea line which connect one island to other island in Indonesia Archipelago. Meanwhile, scheme 1 forms sea line conecting islands in Indonesia Archipelago. In that matter, model recommendation for sea line revision is scheme 1. Keywords: ALKI, Timor Leste, Pairwise Comparison, Ombai Strait, Lety Strait
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"Sweet potato virus G. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, October (August 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20210038264.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sweet potato virus G. Potyviridae: Potyvirus. Host: sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe), Asia (China, Guangxi, Hainan, Shandong, Sichuan, Indonesia, Japan, Korea Republic, Taiwan), Europe (Spain, Canary Islands), North America (Barbados, USA, Hawaii, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina), Oceania (French Polynesia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru).