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Journal articles on the topic 'Tin ore'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Peng, Zhenan, Makoto Watanabe, Kenichi Hoshino, and Yasuhiro Shibata. "Ore mineralogy of tin-polymetallic (Sn-Sb-FePb-Zn-Cu-Ag) ores in the Dachang tin field, Guangxi, China and their implications for the ore genesis." Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen 175, no. 2 (December 1, 1999): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njma/175/1999/125.

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2

Hu, Ting, Quan Jun Liu, Rong Dong Deng, and Feng Hong Ye. "Experimental Research of Tin Ore from Kazakhstan." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.949.

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The paper recovered the tin from a refractory tin ore in Kazakhstan. The grade of tin in raw ore is 1.19%. Through technological mineralogy study, we found the tin was mainly in the forms of cassiterite and stannite. Considering the gravity process would make the stannite lost in tailings because of its small specific gravity, we explored the flotation to recover the tin. In fact, the grade and recovery of tin were bad by collectors contrast test. Finally, we adopted gravity flowsheet to recover cassiterite. The recovery of tin is not high because the tin in the form of stannite lost in tailings. As a result, the tin concentrate with a grade of 21.56% and the recovery of 52.90% were obtained.

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3

Nie, Yi Miao, Qi Hui Dai, and Xiao Long Lu. "Experimental Research of Low-Grade Tin-Iron Ore Separation." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.377.

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Iron ore and tin mineral are the mainly recovered minerals of the low-grade ore, which could be effectively separated by a strong magnetic separation-gravity concentration process, with ore iron grade of 20.3%, tin grade 0.18%. Stage grinding and stage separation was used, getting the grade of iron concentrate and the recovery rate of tin separation index, the feeder of tin was magnetic separation tailing, by shaking table re-election, obtained tin concentrate grade was 10%, production was 0.34% (compared to the original ore, tin dressing) .Tin concentration ratio reached more than 330.

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4

ARAI, Satoshi, Hiroki YOTSUMOTO, Shinichi ITO, and Hiroshi SAKAMOTO. "Study of Complex Tin Ore Dressing." RESOURCES PROCESSING 39, no. 1 (1992): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4144/rpsj1986.39.2.

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5

Yuan, Su Juan, Zhi Yong Shen, and Xiao Long Lu. "Experimental Research on Dressing of Tin-Iron Ore." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 2528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.2528.

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Based on studying of ore property and tests, the suitable mineral processing flowsheet for the tin—iron ore had been determined. Better technical and economic indexes had been achieved: the iron concentrate grade reached 64.45%, and the tin concentrate grade reached 13.06%. It gave a technical reference to rational development and utilization of such kind of tin-iron ore resource.

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6

Salama, Tarek Mohamed Talaat. "Contaminations of Radioactive Nuclides of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in Tin Ore." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 14, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 5586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v14i2.7557.

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Tin ore plays a vital role in several industries. Tin ore could contain natural radioactive nuclides of 238U, 232Th, and 40K with various concentrations which might be caused a significant exposure radiation levels to the workers who handle the Tin ore in the factory. Thus, the evaluation of natural radioactive nuclides 238U, 232Th, and 40K in the Tin ore is important from the point of view of radiation protection to save the workers from the radiation hazards.

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7

Liu, Si Qing, Min Zhang, Bao Xu Song, and Wan Ping Wang. "Beneficiation of a Cassiterite-Polymetallic Sulphide Ore." Advanced Materials Research 511 (April 2012): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.511.134.

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Situated in Honghe municipality China, Tianfang tin deposit is characterized by Cu-Sn polymetallic constituents. Due to the complex mineral composition in the ore, a joint process of flotation and gravity concentration was used to process the ore. Beneficiation results show that, a tin concentrate and a tin middlings can be obtained, assaying 37.12% Sn and 4.95% Sn at the recovery of 40.91% and 22.96% respectively; a copper concentrate assays 15.21% Cu at a recovery of 78.21%, when the raw material assays 0.42% Cu and 1.90% Sn.

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8

Li, Xiu Juan, Si Qing Liu, Yang Zhao, and Ting Ting Li. "Tin Recovery from a Cassiterite-Bearing Magnetite Refractory Ore." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3721.

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s. Situated in Honghe Municipality of China, a magnetite-bearing cassiterite ore deposit is characterized by iron and tin minerals association in the oxide ores. Magnetite is the main iron mineral containing fine-sized cassiterite that should be recovered. Except for the complex mineral composition, the valuable minerals are finely disseminated in the ore, a joint process of magnetic and gravity concentration was used to process the ore. Results show that, a tin concentrate and a tin middlings can be obtained in processing the tailings of Low-intensity magnetic separation (LIMS), assaying 31.76% Sn and 1.98% Sn at the recovery of 46.18% and 13.36% respectively. The results provide some valuable reference in utilization of the tailings of the ore.

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9

Jiang, Mei Guang, Quan Jun Liu, Hong Xiao, and Jun Long Yang. "Experiment Research on Copper Zinc Mixed Flotation." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3346.

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the major elements of the copper sulfide tin ore are Copper, tin and zinc, The grade of copper is 1.22%,as chalcopyrite and copper sulfide tin ore exists in the ore, the grade of tin is 1.19%,With gray tin and tin exists in the stone, the grade of zinc is 1.27%, Zinc is mainly in sphalerite,it is not easy separation Because ore structure is complex, due to the flotability of copper zinc is similar, The first with prior flotation method choose copper zinc mixed concentrate, Use re-election for tin enrichment, The last is copper zinc separation flotation.

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10

Orekhov, A. A., V. G. Gonevchuk, and B. I. Semenyak. "TIN IN PRIMORYE REGION. THE KAVALEROVO ORE DISTRICT." Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association «Educational-Scientific Center». Earth Sciences, no. 4(44) (2019): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2019-3-43-5-18.

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11

Heinrich, Christoph A. "The chemistry of hydrothermal tin(-tungsten) ore deposition." Economic Geology 85, no. 3 (May 1, 1990): 457–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.85.3.457.

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12

Laughlin, Gary J., and Judith A. Todd. "Evidence for Early Bronze Age tin ore processing." Materials Characterization 45, no. 4-5 (October 2000): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1044-5803(00)00111-x.

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13

Lehmann, Bernd, Nikom Jungyusuk, Somboon Khositanont, Axel Höhndorf, and Yoshimasu Kuroda. "The tin-tungsten ore system of Pilok, Thailand." Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 10, no. 1-2 (July 1994): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-9547(94)90008-6.

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14

Yang, Wei Lin, Hui Xin Dai, and Hong Jun Wang. "Progress of Cassiterite Sulfide Ore Beneficiation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5439.

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This paper introduces the characteristics and distribution of sulfide ore cassiterite, an overview of the re-election of sulfide ore cassiterite flotation basic skills and status, and the use of tin resources and sorting technology development proposed sulfide ore cassiterite Prospect.

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15

MURAO, SATOSHI, and SOEY H. SIE. "PIXE AS AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR RARE METAL BENEFICIATION AND EXPLORATION." International Journal of PIXE 05, no. 02n03 (January 1995): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083595000137.

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We have examined tin-polymetallic ore, a complex mixture of cassiterite (SnO2) and sulfides, by micro-PIXE. Tin-polymetallic ore is one of the major sources of technologically important “rare metals”, especially of indium and bismuth, usually as trace elements. In addition to such rare metals, silver is another important trace component in the ore. But the trace elemental distribution of tin-polymetallic deposit has not well been described due to the small size of constituent minerals, complex ore texture, and lack of analytical method to detect trace elements in a small area. PIXE with a proton microbeam could be an effective tool to solve this problem by delineating the distribution of these trace elements among carrier minerals with the required sensitivity. Thus we have applied PIXE with the CSIRO’s proton microprobe to a tin-polymetallic ore from Canada. The result showed that micro-PIXE is an essential tool to study trace element distribution in such a complex ore.

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16

Chen, Xiao Yan, and Ke Ping Zhou. "Pass System Ore Storage Capacity Analysis Based on Logistics Theory." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1836–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1836.

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Based on logistics theory and borrowed ideas from logistics model inventory management, an ore logistics model of underground mine was built, and an analytical method which could be used to determine pass system storage capacity was proposed. Simulating real ore transfer process in underground mine mining system, ore input and ore output function of pass system were built, and real-time ore quantity in pass system was graphed. Through comprehensively analyzing the figure of real-time ore quantity in pass system and practical mining production, rational pass system storage capacity was calculated. Combined the practical ore transfer process of panel under level 1470 in Yunnan Tin Company Laochang tin mine number 13-8 ore cluster, storage capacity of pass system in panel is calculated which provided reasonable basis for pass system design in underground mine, and improved the reliability of mine engineering design.

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17

Yuan, L., KA Masri, P. J. Ramadhansyah, I. S. M. Razelan, A. H. Norhidayah, and M. N. Mohd Warid. "Performance of asphalt mixture incorporated with tin ore tailing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 682, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/682/1/012057.

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18

Chen, Xiao Qing, Jin Zhong Yang, Yi Lin Mao, Wei Ping Yan, and Cheng Xiu Li. "Study on Comprehensive Utilizations of Certain Complex Paragenic Tin Polymetallic Ore." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 3521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.3521.

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The ore compositions in a certain newly proven tin polymetallic ore are complicated, closely mosaic between different minerals and fine-grained disseminated. The main compositions in the ore exist mostly in the form of sulfide, and are associated partly with oxidized ore. It is difficult to separate each metallic mineral to accept qualified concentrates and ensure higher recovery rates. Aiming at characteristics and occurrences of the ore, the project emphatically selects and contrasts the test flow of selective flotation, partial bulk flotation and flotation-and-gravity-concentration, and uses effective reagent system to control the impurity contents in every concentrate, and strengthen the recovery of associated silver at the same time of producing major metallic minerals. Metallic minerals, including copper, lead, zinc, tin, sulfur and silver, can be fully recovered by adopting combined procedure of selective flotation and gravity concentration, and other associated components in the ore are also recovered comprehensively, so the technology indexes of various products obtained are excellent.

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19

Li, Ying Shu, Yan Cai, Nan Chen, Jiao Jiao Chen, Lun Wang, Yi Ke Zhang, and Da Qing He. "Source of Tinny Granite in Gejiu Tin Ore Deposit in Yunnan Province, China." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3493.

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It had been believed that the genesis of tinny granite in Gejiu tin ore deposits were hydrothermal mineralization in granite of Yanshanian epoch by most researchers for a long time. However, according to the form, attitude and sulphur isotope in the ore of the oreboby, the authors believe the genesis of the tin ore deposit is relict body of granitic superimposed ore-forming of the Yanshanian epoch after the basic volcano ore-forming of the Indo-Chinese epoch. It’s proved that the form and attitude of the oreboby is basically consistent with the form and attitude of the basalt of the Indo-Chinese epoch. Because sulphur isotope in pyrite of the ore is from 0.21 per thousand to 4.4 per thousand, feature of source of the mantle sulphur isotope is reflected.

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20

Zhao, Wen Juan, Ming Xiao Li, Sheng Jian, Chen Hu Zhang, and Li Ping Feng. "Influence of Collectors on Flotation of Fine Tin Middlings after Gravity Separation." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 1049–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.1049.

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The study was aimed to recover tin minerals from fine tin middlings from Laos after gravity separation. The middlings had a tin grade of 0.5%, belonging to a refractory ore, so flotation was used to recover tin of them. Based on the research of influence of collector on flotation of fine tin middlings, an optimum index was obtained in the closed-circuit flotation. Finally, the concentrate with a tin grade of 3.45% and a tin recovery of 59.85% was obtained, which was concentrated by 6.9 times compared with the crude ore, which greatly improved the economic benefit for the concentrator and highly increases the efficiency of separation.

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21

Zhao, Kui-Dong, Shao-Yong Jiang, Yao-Hui Jiang, and Ru-Chen Wang. "Mineral chemistry of the Qitianling granitoid and the Furong tin ore deposit in Hunan Province, South China: implication for the genesis of granite and related tin mineralization." European Journal of Mineralogy 17, no. 4 (July 25, 2005): 635–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2005/0017-0635.

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22

Gaspar, O., and A. Pinto. "The ore textures of the Neves-Corvo volcanogenic massive sulphides and their implications for ore beneficiation." Mineralogical Magazine 55, no. 380 (September 1991): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1991.055.380.11.

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AbstractThe Neves-Corvo mine opened officially in December 1988 and it is already the biggest producer of copper in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). Tin production started in 1990. The ore deposits of the IPB are related to felsic submarine volcanism which developed during the lower Tournaisian to the middle Visean. At the end of the first phase of Hercynian deformation in the middle Westphalian, the ore deposits were affected by low-pressure metamorphism producing schistosity and prehenite-pumpellyite greenschist facies assemblages in the volcanogenic sediments of the IPB.The unique nature of the mineralogy of the Neves-Corvo deposit compared with other IPB deposits is mainly a result of the introduction of later Cu-rich hydrothermal solutions to the primitive ore pile and the presence of tin mineralisation. The cupriferous ores are rich in tetrahedrite-tennantite, stannite, kesterite, stannoidite and mawsonite.Cassiterite occurs in Neves-Corvo: (a) as thin layers of euhedral crystals in cupriferous ores, partially replaced by chalcopyrite; (b) in the schistosity of a banded black shale chalcopyrite hanging wall formation; (c) as metre-sized lenses of massive cassiterite overlying the cupriferous ores.The ore textures at Neves-Corvo are complex, due to intergrowths of fine colloform pyrite with the base metal minerals. Because of the low grade of metamorphism, colloform, geopetal and soft-sediment diagenetic features are preserved in the ‘complex ores’. These ‘complex ores’ have contents of 0.5% Cu, 1% Pb and 5.5% Zn. In copper-rich ores (7.9% Cu and 1.4% Zn), replacement of the primary ore by chalcopyrite has obliterated most of these textures and produced fine chalcopyrite-tetrahedrite-pyrite intergrowths. The textures clearly indicate the genesis of these ores but they impose a practical problem in recovery of the metals. There is no clear correlation between these textures and the ore classification used at the mine, but an understanding of the textures is vital since the ‘complex ores’ require fine grinding to achieve liberation and the fine grinding adversely affects the froth flotation processing of the ore.The implications of the complex sulphide textures for ore beneficiation have been studied using reflected light microscopy, with determination of modal analyses and grain-size distributions of free particles and middlings from concentrates and tailings.The outcome of a one-year intensive study is that the ore microscopy laboratory at the mine now produces daily information about the textures of the feed ores so that metallurgical engineers can optimise the performance of the ore dressing plant.

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23

Mansour, NassifA. "Measurement of natural activities of238U,232th and40k in tin ore." Radiation Protection and Environment 34, no. 4 (2011): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-0464.106200.

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24

Moh, G. H. "Complex tin-bearing sulphides of the South Chinese ore type." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 19 (April 30, 1986): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm19198627.

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25

Li, Ying Shu, Yan Cai, Jiao Jiao Chen, Nan Chen, Lun Wang, Yi Ke Zhang, and Da Qing He. "Isotopic Dating and Geological Significance of Stratiform Orebody in Gejiu Tin Deposit, Yunnan, China." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.43.

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Gejiu tin ore deposit is a famous tin-polymetallic deposit in the world because of its enormous metal reserves. Besides tin, there are copper, lead, zinc, silver, iron, sulphur, tungsten, bismuth, indium and rare earth elements. It was believed that there mainly are skarn-type tin deposit, stratiform tin deposit and basalt-type copper deposit in Gejiu tin orefield. The stratiform tin deposit are distributed in Lutangba, Malage and Huangmaoshan, which are hosted by carbonate rocks of Gejiu formation in Middle Triassic Series. 40Ar-39Ar dating of cassiterite from the sratiform tin deposit in Lutangba yields plateau age of 202.18±2.35Ma and isochron age of 206.81±3.23 Ma respectively. The ages are obviously older than those of the ore of the skarn type deposit of the Yanshanian epoch．The mineralization is the seabed exhalative hydrothermal sedimentary mineralization of the Indosinia epoch.

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26

Thi Le, Thanh-Lieu, Lam Tan Nguyen, Hoai-Hue Nguyen, Nguyen Van Nghia, Nguyen Minh Vuong, Hoang Nhat Hieu, Nguyen Van Thang, et al. "Titanium Nitride Nanodonuts Synthesized from Natural Ilmenite Ore as a Novel and Efficient Thermoplasmonic Material." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010076.

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Nanostructures of titanium nitride (TiN) have recently been considered as a new class of plasmonic materials that have been utilized in many solar energy applications. This work presents the synthesis of a novel nanostructure of TiN that has a nanodonut shape from natural ilmenite ore using a low-cost and bulk method. The TiN nanodonuts exhibit strong and spectrally broad localized surface plasmon resonance absorption in the visible region centered at 560 nm, which is well suited for thermoplasmonic applications as a nanoscale heat source. The heat generation is investigated by water evaporation experiments under simulated solar light, demonstrating excellent solar light harvesting performance of the nanodonut structure.

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27

Lobo, Agustin, Emma Garcia, Gisela Barroso, David Martí, Jose-Luis Fernandez-Turiel, and Jordi Ibáñez-Insa. "Machine Learning for Mineral Identification and Ore Estimation from Hyperspectral Imagery in Tin–Tungsten Deposits: Simulation under Indoor Conditions." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 3258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163258.

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This study aims to assess the feasibility of delineating and identifying mineral ores from hyperspectral images of tin–tungsten mine excavation faces using machine learning classification. We compiled a set of hand samples of minerals of interest from a tin–tungsten mine and analyzed two types of hyperspectral images: (1) images acquired with a laboratory set-up under close-to-optimal conditions, and (2) a scan of a simulated mine face using a field set-up, under conditions closer to those in the gallery. We have analyzed the following minerals: cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), chalcopyrite, malachite, muscovite, and quartz. Classification (Linear Discriminant Analysis, Singular Vector Machines and Random Forest) of laboratory spectra had a very high overall accuracy rate (98%), slightly lower if the 450–950 nm and 950–1650 nm ranges are considered independently, and much lower (74.5%) for simulated conventional RGB imagery. Classification accuracy for the simulation was lower than in the laboratory but still high (85%), likely a consequence of the lower spatial resolution. All three classification methods performed similarly in this case, with Random Forest producing results of slightly higher accuracy. The user’s accuracy for wolframite was 85%, but cassiterite was often confused with wolframite (user’s accuracy: 70%). A lumped ore category achieved 94.9% user’s accuracy. Our study confirms the suitability of hyperspectral imaging to record the spatial distribution of ore mineralization in progressing tungsten–tin mine faces.

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28

Бровендер, Ю. М. "To the issue of tin bronzes over the area of the Dnieper-Don region in the late bronze age." ВІСНИК СХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ імені Володимира Даля, no. 3(259) (February 18, 2020): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2020-259-3-13-17.

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The paper is devoted to tin ores as an alloying impurity in the bronze production by the ancient population of the Dnieper-Don region in the Late Bronze Age. The eastern and western supply vectors providing the local population with both ore (cassiterite) and its products are considered. The author draws attention to the assumptions of some researchers not confirmed by geological surveys about the possibility of finding tin deposits in the Donbass and Krivoy Rog basin, which could probably have been developed in the Early Metal Age. An opinion was given regarding the production of bronze from copper ore with a high content of metals - impurities in the mineral phase and separately from polymetallic ore. In ancient times for the development of any mineral, its availability for development, as well as a great volume or high content of useful mineral in ore were indispensable conditions. Due to existing technologies, the requirements for minerals in antiquity were much higher than modern ones. On the issue of tin raw materials for bronze production of the ancient population of Ukraine, attention is drawn to the assumption, not yet confirmed by geological surveys of some researchers (S.I. Tatarinov, D.P. Kravets, D.P. Nedopako) on the possibility of finding tin deposits in such ore-rich regions of Ukraine as the Donbass and Krivoy Rog. The experimental work carried out on the basis of ores of the Kartamysh ore occurrence have indeed confirmed the idea of chemical elements redistribution, when some metals decrease and others increase. This trend with reference to the results of spectral analyzes of Bakhmut ores, slags and products of the Donetsk Mining and Metallurgical Center, performed by E.N. Chernykh was noted by S.I. Tatarinov. However, to obtain bronze, a high percentage of bronze-forming impurities is required, including tin in the minerals. However, the copper and polymetallic ores of Donbass do not contain enough tin in the initial ore to produce tin bronze. A series of our experiments yielded just pure copper. Thus, the author reposes on the commune notion, according to which it is not possible to obtain bronze from copper ores of Donbass and bronze without on purpose input of the appropriate elements into the melt.

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29

Ren, Huichuan, Jiangtao Li, Zhongyang Tang, Zhongwei Zhao, Xingyu Chen, Xuheng Liu, and Lihua He. "Sustainable and efficient extracting of tin and tungsten from wolframite – scheelite mixed ore with high tin content." Journal of Cleaner Production 269 (October 2020): 122282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122282.

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30

Razikov, Odil Takhirjanovich, Khabibulla Asadovich Akbarov, and Mehrozh Nurillaevich Zhuraev. "Metallogy Of The Zeravshano-Alay Belt (South Tianshan)." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-08.

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The work describes the genetic types and conditions for the localization of mineralization - individual deposits and ore occurrences. Also, the indicated mineralized zones, the conditions of occurrence of the mineralization, the geological-structural position and the peculiarities of the host complexes. Descriptions of promising tungsten, tin ore, polymetallic, mercury and other ore zones, which serve as a reserve in expanding the resource base in the Republic, are given. Tungsten, tin ore, and mercury mineralizations are characterized in somewhat more detail, since the latter in the region under study is often spatially associated with gold and forms mercury-antimony-polymetallic mineralization.

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31

Takhirjanovich, Razikov Odil. "Genetic Types Of Rare Mineral Gold Of Western Uzbekistan (Southern Tien-Shan)." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-10.

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The work describes the genetic types and conditions for the localization of mineralization - individual deposits and ore occurrences. Also, the indicated mineralized zones, the conditions of occurrence of the mineralization, the geological-structural position and the peculiarities of the host complexes. Descriptions of promising tungsten, tin ore, polymetallic, mercury and other ore zones, which serve as a reserve in expanding the resource base in the Republic, are given. Tungsten, tin ore, and mercury mineralizations are characterized in somewhat more detail, since the latter in the region under study is often spatially associated with gold and forms mercury-antimony-polymetallic mineralization.

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32

Semenyak, B. I., P. G. Korostelev, and V. G. Gonevchuk. "TIN-POLYMETALLIC DEPOSITS IN THE FURMANOVSKY ORE DISTRICT (SOUTH PRIMORYE, RUSSIA)." Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association «Educational-Scientific Center». Earth Sciences, no. 2(38) (2018): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2018-2-38-76-83.

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33

Kochhar, N., R. Kochhar, and Dilip K. Chakrabarti. "A New Source of Primary Tin Ore in the Indus Civilization." South Asian Studies 15, no. 1 (January 1999): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666030.1999.9628571.

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34

Holl, C. J., and A. V. Bromley. "Application of mineralogy to the beneficiation of a tin-sulphide ore." Minerals Engineering 1, no. 1 (January 1988): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(88)90063-5.

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Zhang, Shu Hui, Zhi Qiang Kang, Qing Lü, Jie Li, and Xiao Jie Liu. "Fabrication of Electroconductive Si₃N₄–TiN Ceramic from Iron Ore Tailing." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1067.

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Electroconductive Si3N4–TiN ceramic was fabricated by pressureless sintering from the chief materials containing high titanium slag and Si3N4powder synthesized by carbonthermal reduction nitridation method using iron ore tailing as raw materials. Phase constitutes and microstructure were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The densification, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Si3N4–TiN ceramic were also measured. Results show that the sintered samples mainly consist of Si3N4and TiN. Si3N4exhibits rod morphology and the grain sizes are about 1-3mm.TiN shows fine granular morphology with most of grain size being lower than 0.5mm. The electroconductive Si3N4–TiN ceramic has optimal properties when it is sintered at 1550°C for 2h using initial raw materials containing 20wt% TiO2. The sintered sample’s bulk density, hardness, flexure strength and room electrical resistivity are 2.79 g·cm-3, 8.23GPa, 66 MPa and 7.1×10-2W·cm, respectively.

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Zvereva, Valentina, Anastasiya Lysenko, and Konstantin Frolov. "Modern Minerals Formation Genesis in Kavalerovsky Tin–Ore District Technogenic System (Primorsky Krai)." Minerals 10, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020091.

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Parameters and conditions of crystallization for the majority of hypergenic and technogenic minerals have not yet been studied, as their determination is often difficult due to their imperfect crystalline structure (X-ray amorphous) and formation in polymineral compounds. The article discusses the formation conditions of 20 hypergenic and technogenic minerals from technogenic waters in the mining industrial system of the Kavalerovsky district tin–sulfide deposits (Primorsky krai) in Russia. For various ratios of hypogenic minerals–host rocks in ore and in tailings in a wide temperature range (from −25 to 45 °C), the Eh-pH parameters and the minerals paragenesis were established. All hypergenic and technogenic minerals formed during modeling were found and diagnosed in the Kavalerovsky tin–ore district mining industrial technogenic system.

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37

Liao, Bin, Lei LI, Hua Wang, and Xiu Li Sang. "Thermodynamic Study on the Sulfidation-Magnetic Roasting of the Hematite Type of Tin-Bearing Iron Ore." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.596.

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Sulfidation-magnetic roasting process was used to treat tin-bearing iron ore of hematite to recovery iron resources. The results of thermodynamics analysis of the roasting reaction trait showed that, when CO concentration was lower than 11.43% at temperature higher than 873K, SnO2 and Fe2O3 could be selectively reduced to SnO and Fe3O4, respectively. FeS2 would be decomposed into FeS and S2 during the roasting process, and the S2 sulfidation effect was stronger than FeS. After roasting, the main iron phase of the minerals was changed into magnetite from hematite and then the iron could be recovered through the magnetic separation. This method provides a new method for the recovery of iron from tin-bearing iron ore of hematite.

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Ryabchenko, V. M., V. G. Gonevchuk, N. V. Gorelikova, and G. A. Gonevchuk. "Explosion breccias of the Vysokogorskoe tin–porphyry deposit: Genesis and role in ore formation (Kavalerovo ore district, Primorye)." Russian Journal of Pacific Geology 11, no. 3 (May 2017): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1819714017030046.

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39

Powell, Wayne, Evren Yazgan, Michael Johnson, K. Aslıhan Yener, and Ryan Mathur. "Mineralogical Analysis of the Kestel Mine: An Early Bronze Age Source of Tin Ore in the Taurus Mountains, Turkey." Minerals 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11010091.

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Since its discovery in 1987, the Early Bronze Kestel Mine has been a topic of archaeological and geological controversy. The initial interpretation of the extensive marble-hosted galleries as the oldest known tin mine was challenged due to the low tin grade in remaining hematite-quartz veins, and it was suggested that Kestel was more likely mined for gold. Mineralogical analysis of the remaining mineralization was compared to a heavy mineral concentrate extracted from the soil preserved within the mine. The compositionally complex, arsenate-rich mineral assemblage from the mine sediment, contrasts with that of the remaining surface mineralization. Thus, the outcropping veins do not represent the nature of the extracted ore. Only one grain of gold was found in the heavy mineral concentrate, whereas cassiterite composed 1.5% of the sample. Cassiterite occurs in complex assemblages with arsenates, clays, hematite, quartz, and dolomite, bearing resemblance to hematite-arsenate tin mineralization that occurs near Kayseri, 60 km to the northeast. These findings indicate that although gold was a trace component of the Kestel ore, cassiterite was the mineral of interest to the Early Bronze Age miners, and that Kestel represents the earliest evidence thus far for an emerging pattern of local tin exploitation.

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Li, Ying Shu, Yan Cai, Nan Chen, Jiao Jiao Chen, Lun Wang, Yi Ke Zhang, and Da Qing He. "The Simevariogram and its Application in a Tin Ore Deposit of China." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.481.

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Simevariogram can preferably reflect basic characteristics of regionalized variables of one orebody in geology, especially it can reflect structrural change of the variables by random change of the variables. It’s proved that using ordinary kriging method and a traditional method are generally coincident and the deposit in China undergoes early biochemical sedimentary mineralization and later granitic superimposed mineralization.

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Zhang, De Gang, Ruo Peng Yang, Han Yuan, and Dong Wang. "Tin Ore Tailing Reservoir Dominant Plants Heavy Metal Accumulation Characteristics of Yunnan." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.813.

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According to the field investigation, collecting five kinds of dominant plant from tin ore tailing reservoir of Gejiu and tailing reservoir soil samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of five kinds of dominant plant roots, stems, leaves and its growth soil’s Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd contents, and analyzes five kinds of plant transfer and accumulation coefficient. The results showed that: soil heavy metal pollution is serious, especially Cd pollution; Lactuca indic L、Cattail、Alopecurus aequalis and Cyperus rotundus L. plants of heavy metal contents are the same, all is Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd, but four kinds of heavy metal contents are Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥ Cd in Neyruadia plants; Lactuca indic L、Cyperus rotundus L、Alopecurus aequalis and Cattail to Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd four kinds of heavy metals accumulation ability is weaker. But from the root to the ground part organ transfer ability aspects: four kinds of heavy metal in Lactuca indic L is strong, Pb and Cd two elements in the Cyperus rotundus L is more stronger, Cd in Alopecurus aequalis is more stronger, Zn, Cu and Cd in Cattail is more stronger; the accumulation and transfer coefficient are larger than one, it was a better plant which removes Pb.

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XU, Yang-bao, Wen-qing QIN, and Hui LIU. "Mineralogical characterization of tin-polymetallic ore occurred in Mengzi, Yunnan Province, China." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 22, no. 3 (March 2012): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(11)61237-5.

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43

Robben, Christopher, Pedro Condori, Angel Pinto, Ronald Machaca, and Anssi Takala. "X-ray-transmission based ore sorting at the San Rafael tin mine." Minerals Engineering 145 (January 2020): 105870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2019.105870.

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BOUZEK, JAN, DRAHOMÍR KOUTECKÝ, and KLAUS SIMON. "TIN AND PREHISTORIC MINING IN THE ERZGEBIRGE (ORE MOUNTAINS): SOME NEW EVIDENCE." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 8, no. 2 (July 1989): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.1989.tb00200.x.

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45

Angadi, Shivakumar Irappa, Chinthapudi Eswaraiah, Ho-Seok Jeon, Barada Kanta Mishra, and Jan D. Miller. "Selection of Gravity Separators for the Beneficiation of the Uljin Tin Ore." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 38, no. 1 (December 5, 2016): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2016.1262856.

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46

Rastanina, N. K., V. A. Yargaeva, and Zh N. Yankovets. "The surface-active properties of waste processing of tin ore raw materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 274 (June 7, 2019): 012137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/274/1/012137.

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47

Khanchuk, A. I., L. T. Krupskaya, and V. P. Zvereva. "Ecological problems of development of tin ore resources in Primorie and Priamurie." Geography and Natural Resources 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1875372812010076.

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48

Schmidt, Christian, Matthias Gottschalk, Rongqing Zhang, and Jianjun Lu. "Oxygen fugacity during tin ore deposition from primary fluid inclusions in cassiterite." Ore Geology Reviews 139 (December 2021): 104451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104451.

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49

Darus, Mark. "So Why is the Chemical Symbol for Tungsten "W"?" Microscopy Today 5, no. 9 (November 1997): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500060521.

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The tungsten mineral wolframite was known in the tin mines of the Saxony-Bohemia region long before the element itself was discovered. The origin of the word is assumed to be derived from the German words "wolf, meaning beast of prey, and "rham", meaning froth. "It eats up tin as a wolf eats up sheep". The writers of the period before 1781 had vague ideas as to the composition of the mineral that they had named. Tin miners called the mineral "mock-lead", an ore containing iron, arsenic, tin and a nonmetallic earth, or glassy earth containing iron and tin.

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Chu, Tu Minh, Ha Xuan Dinh, and Phuong Nguyen. "Some new research outcomes of wolframite-tin-polymetallic metallization in the Huoi Chun area, Huaphanh province, Lao people’s democratic republic (LPDR)." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2020.61(2).03.

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The paper focuses on clarifying the characteristics of tungsten, tin - polymetallic ore mineralization in the Huoi Chun area based on applying traditional geological methods, collecting documents, methods of studying ore material composition, and legal statistic. The findings are as follows: Mineral ores were generated mainly by material deposition, crystallization of hydrothermal solution, and filling fracture systems. The main minerals occurred in the study area are tungsten, tin, copper, zinc, bismuth. Tungsten, tin-polymetallic metallization was generated in 3 hydrothermal episodes. The symbiotic wolframite - bismuth mineral symbiosis is a discovery of the authors' collective during the implementation of the National project under Protocol code NDT.35.LA / 17. Sn, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Cd - bearing minerals are characterized for the middle episode of metallogeny; whereas W, Co, and Bi- bearing minerals were formed during the third episode of hydrothermal metallogeny. The tungsten, tin - polymetallic mineralization could be related to Mesozoic - Cenozoic intrusive magmatism.

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