Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tip wear

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Tip wear'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tip wear"

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Marinello, Francesco, Enrico Savio, and Leonardo De Chiffre. "Control of AFM tip wear." International Journal of Precision Technology 2, no. 2/3 (2011): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijptech.2011.039464.

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Fedorovych, Ya T., M. M. Liakh, V. V. Mykhailiuk, R. O. Deineha, and B. I. Koval. "SIMULATION OF WEAR OF THE CHRISTMAS TREE CHOKE ELEMENTS." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, no. 1(46) (June 26, 2019): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9965-2019-1(46)-53-61.

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The effectiveness of the use of machinery and equipment in the oil and gas industry is impossible without solving the problems associated with improving the wear resistance of their components and parts. One of the types of equipment that is subject to intensive wear is the elements of the gushing fittings (valves, chokes, etc.). During operation, the throttle locking elements (tip and nozzle) are subject to the destructive influence of the working environment, as a result of which hydro and gas-dynamic wear of the tip and nozzle occurs. As a result, it becomes impossible to control the flow of a well. The aim of the work is to use simulation modeling to study the wear process of the elements of the choke of the Christmas tree fittings to determine the areas that are the most worn, taking into account the size of abrasive particles in the gas stream. According to the results of simulation, it was found that the size and place of maximum wear of the throttle elements is different, depending on the size of the grains of sand. The amount of wear on the throttle tip is 15 mm/year, and most of all, it is not the tip that wears, but the nozzle (46 mm / year). It was also found that the amount of wear of the surfaces located in front of the nozzle, compared with the wear of the tip and the nozzle, is much less, and is 3 mm/year. Based on the above simulation algorithm and the obtained results, the model of an adjustable choke can later serve as a basis for its subsequent research, namely: optimizing the tip cone to reduce the amount of wear of the tip itself; studies of the effect of speed and pressure drop on the amount of wear of the throttle elements; design optimization.
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Tiganesteanu, Constantin, Lucian Capitanu, and Virgil Florescu. "Conical Tip Wear in Transition Deformation – Wear Map Construction under Cyclic Impact of Hardness Ceramic Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 804–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.804.

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Penetrator tip wear was investigated on an apparatus testing the impact on hard ceramic materials. The experimental tests were done on a vertical impact computerized test bench of original conception. Tapered diamond and carbide-metal pins were used as penetrators. It was noticed that in some situations the tip of the penetrator remained stuck in its target, acting as a Morse cone, due to the friction force between the penetrator and its target being higher than the reaction force of the collision between the two objects. This has led us to choose an angle of 1060 at the tip of the penetrator cone. For most tests we used a maximum strength of 40 N and a sintered carbide impact pin with a 1150 HV 30/15 hardness. For the study of the penetrator tip wear we have used a granite tile that owing to its high hardnes has enabled a noticeable wear of the tip. We have established a method and an algorithm for calculating the tip wear, based on images captured under a microscope after testing. A general finding is that in all tests, besides the cyclical impact deformation and the wear of coating that were tested, the wear of the tip of the pin which applies the impacts is also noticeable regardless of its shape (spherical, conical, etc), so much so that for a large number of cyclical impacts the pin tip wear must be taken into account. Variation curves are presented in the volume of wear material and of the maximum pressure p0 at the tip of the impactor, depending on the number of impacts. From the variation curve of the wear volume of material according to the number of impacts we’ve established an analytical relationship for the wear of the tip. A logarithmic formula allows for a relative assessment of the extent to which the tip is worn, as a function of the total number of incurred impacts.
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He, X. L., Jin Xie, H. F. Xie, and J. L. He. "Effect of Cutter Rake Angle on Cutter V-Tip Wear and Micro-Groove Quality in Micron-Scale Turning of Steel." Key Engineering Materials 499 (January 2012): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.499.211.

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In mechanical micro-grooving, cutter V-tip shape and wear greatly influence the generation of micro-groove on workpiece surface. Hence, cutter V-tip wear and micro-groove shape were observed in micro-grooving experiments. The objective is to understand the generation mechanism of micro-grooves. First, the high-speed steel cutter was ground to be a V-tip whose tip radius is 5 m; then a turning experiment was performed to pattern the micro-grooves on steel surface using the cutter V-tip; then the cutter tip wear and the machined micro-groove shape were measured and evaluated; finally, the effect of cutter rake angle was investigated on cutter tip wear and micro-groove quality. It is shown that the machined groove tip radius is much larger than the sharpened cutter tip radius due to the rapid cutter tip wear during grooving. On increasing cutter rake angle, the cutter V-tip wear decreases, thus leading to the improvement of form accuracy and surface roughness of machined micro-grooves are both improved.
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Strahlendorff, Timo, Gaoliang Dai, Detlef Bergmann, and Rainer Tutsch. "Tip wear and tip breakage in high-speed atomic force microscopes." Ultramicroscopy 201 (June 2019): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2019.03.013.

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KARASAWA, Hirokazu, Koji SUZUKI, and Koji TAKAHASHI. "Investigation of Tip Wear on Percussion Bits." Journal of MMIJ 128, no. 12 (2012): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/journalofmmij.128.620.

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Bassani, R., and M. D'Acunto. "Nanotribology: tip–sample wear under adhesive contact." Tribology International 33, no. 7 (July 2000): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-679x(00)00028-1.

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Zhang, Jin, Peng Xian Zhang, and Xiang Jian Xu. "A Model for Predicting the Wear Degree of Electrode Tip." Applied Mechanics and Materials 574 (July 2014): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.574.292.

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A new method is put forward to predicting the degree of electrode tip wear based on a laser measurement and digital image of the surface joint indentation. First, in order to monitoring the degree of electrode tip wear, the decline altitudes of sphere ΔH that can indicate variation of electrode tip shape are measured by means of the laser measurement system. Second, through the correlation analysis between the parameters S0, S1, S, K1 reflecting digital image characteristic of joint indentation and the decline altitudes of sphere ΔH, S0, S, K1 are extracted as characteristic parameters of monitoring electrode tip wear. At last, a model of support vector machine (SVM) for predicting the degree of electrode tip wear is established between the parameters S0, S, K1 as the input vector and ΔH as the target vector. Test result shows, the correlation coefficient between model prediction and actual measured values are 0.9907. The prediction model can realize estimating the degree of electrode tip wear.
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Dickinson, J. T., L. Scudiero, N. S. Park, M. W. Kim, and S. C. Langford. "A Mechanism for Mechanochemical Wear of Model Systems: Nano-Tribology Studies of Carbonate and Phosphate Single Crystal Surfaces in Aqueous Media." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (August 1997): 1283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600013301.

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In several mechanical wear situations, e.g., those involving biomaterials and applications of mechanochemical polishing, a surface experiences simultaneous tribological loading and corrosive chemical exposure; the combination can greatly increase wear rates. We examine the exposure of single crystal calcite [CaCO3], dolomite [MgCa(CO3)2], and brushite[CaHPO4.2H2O] to buffered aqueous solutions and mechanical stimulation with an Scanning Force Microscope (SFM) tip. Silicon nitride tips are used with applied normal loads from 0-300 nN, tip radii ∼30 nm and tip velocities from 1-200 μm/s. We present the influence of normal force, tip velocity, and solution chemistry on the rates of corrosive wear of calcite and dolomite. Images of the wear of atomic steps can be used to examine the wear rates and propagation of dissolution around the stimulated region. Mechanical stimulation includes small area scans, linear reciprocation, and indentation. A diagram of wear by linear reciprocation of the SFM tip and typical results on single crystal calcite are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively.
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Zhao, Guoyong, Yu Su, Guangming Zheng, Yugang Zhao, and Chunxiao Li. "Tool tip cutting specific energy prediction model and the influence of machining parameters and tool wear in milling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 10 (April 13, 2020): 1346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420911298.

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Most of the existing energy-consumption models of machine tools are related to specific machine components and hence cannot be applied to other machine tools with different specifications. In order to help operators optimize machining parameters for improving energy efficiency, the tool tip cutting specific energy prediction model based on machining parameters and tool wear in milling is developed, which is independent of the standby power of machine tools and the spindle no-load power. Then, the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is verified with dry milling AISI 1045 steel experiments. Finally, the influence of machining parameters and tool wear on tool tip cutting specific energy is studied. The developed model is independent of machine components, so it can reveal the influence of machining parameters and tool wear on tool tip cutting specific energy. The tool tip cutting specific energy reduces with the increase in the cutting depth, side cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting speed, while increases linearly as the tool wears gradually. The research results are helpful to formulate efficient and energy-saving processing schemes on various milling machines.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tip wear"

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Mukhtar, Nur Farah Hafizah. "Characterisation of tip wear during AFM probe-based nanomachining." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/99664/.

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Atomic force microscope (AFM) probe-based mechanical nanomachining has been considered as a potential low-cost alternative method for the generation of nanoscale features on the surface of components and devices. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that influence the tip wear of AFM probes in order to achieve reliable and accurate machining operations when implementing this process. Despite the fact that the basic applicability of AFM probe-based machining has been demonstrated for many years, studies focussing on the wear of the tips as a function of processing conditions are relatively scarce. In addition, the accuracy and practical suitability of in-situ techniques to monitor the condition of AFM probes is not adequately acknowledged. To address these issues, a series of experimental studies were conducted in this PhD research when implementing the AFM probe-based machining process on a single crystal copper workpiece at selected values of applied normal loads, machining distances and for different machining directions. First, the assessment of the wear of AFM silicon probes was carried out based on two dimensional (2D) tip profile data. This particular study also presented a simple method for improving the accuracy of the tip wear assessment procedure when conducted on 2D profiles. Next, AFM silicon probes with diamond-coated tips were used as cutting tools for a different range of applied normal loads and along various processing directions. For this particular study, the AFM probes wear assessment relied on two different three dimensional (3D) in-situ measurement techniques, namely the ultra-sharp tip scan approach and the reverse imaging method. Reliability and practical suitability aspects between these two in-situ techniques were also assessed and discussed. For each set of experiments, different qualitative and quantitative ii wear metrics were observed and analysed. Particularly, from the qualitative perspective, the evolution of the AFM tip apex profiles along selected machining distances and directions was considered. As for the quantitative measurement, tip radius and tip volume loss measurements were estimated. The most important findings reached in this study are given as follows. First, it was shown that the error associated with the traditional method of assessing the tip volume from 2D profiles could be 26% in comparison with the simple method proposed here. In addition, among the 3D in-situ AFM probe characterisation methods considered, the reverse imaging approach was judged to be the most reliable technique. This study also showed that tips in silicon were very prone to initial tip fracture during the AFM probe-based nanomachining process. This phenomenon could also take place, albeit to a lesser extent, when silicon tips coated with diamond were utilised. When the nanomachining process is not in control due to such tip fracture, it is difficult to extract firm conclusions about the influence of the processing parameters on the tip wear. Besides, this rules out the application of a design of experiments approach where the minimisation of the tip wear volume may be the objective. The study also showed that the AFM probe-based nanomachining process was more likely to be in control when using silicon tips coated with polycrystalline diamond with no nitrogen doping. In this case, a much reduced likelihood of tip fracture could be achieved accompanied with negligible tip wear. In addition, the associated results suggested that the evolution of the tip wear was not equal in all machining directions investigated, with the largest wear occurring in a direction parallel and away to the cantilever long axis. The reason for this should be due to the fact that this was also the direction where the process was most likely to be conducted in the ploughing-dominated regime. Finally, when the nanomachining process was realised in iii control, the wear volume was seen to increase with the increase in the normal load for all directions considered.
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Lake, P. W. "Composite cutting tip and materials for mining tools." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375097.

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Scott, William Walter Jr. "Micro/Nanoscale Differential Wear and Corrosion of Multiphase Materials." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu994420446.

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Rice, Reginald H. "Atomic force microscopy studies of thermal, mechanical and velocity dependent wear of thin polymer films." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14955.

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Master of Science
Department of Physics
Robert Szoszkiewicz
Nanoscale modifications of polymer surfaces by scratching them with sharp tips with curvature radii of tens of nanometers and at variable temperatures are expected to provide wealth of information characterizing wear response of these polymers. Such studies are important in the light of understanding the nanoscale behavior of matter for future applications in advanced polymer coatings. This thesis describes how Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and hot-tip AFM (HT-AFM) methods were used to characterize thermal and mechanical properties of a 30 nm thick film of poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide), PS-b-PEO, and modify its lamellar surface patterns. Additionally, it is revealed how contact AFM and HT-AFM methods can efficiently characterize the wear response of two popular polymer surfaces, poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, and polystyrene, PS. The AFM and HT-AFM studies on PS-b-PEO copolymer were aimed at producing spatial alignment of respective PS and PEO parts. Instead, however, surface ripples were obtained. These measurements are explained using mode I crack propagation model and stick-and-slip behavior of an AFM tip. In addition, HT-AFM studies allowed extraction of several thermo-physical properties of a PS-b-PEO film at local volumes containing about 30 attograms of a polymer. These thermo-physical quantities are: PEO melting enthalpy of, 111 ± 88 J g[superscript]-1, PS-b-PEO local specific heat of 3.6 ± 2.7 J g[superscript]-1K[superscript]-1, and molecular free energy of Helmholtz of 10[superscript]-20 J nm[superscript]-2 for the PEO within PS-b-PEO. Utilizing a spiral scan pattern at constant angular speed and at various temperatures at the AFM tip-polymer interfaces, the wear response of PS and PMMA polymers was characterized. Cross-sections along the obtained spiral wear patterns provided plots of polymer corrugation as a function of scanning speed. From these studies it was found that the corrugation of the modified polymer surface decays exponentially with linear velocity of the scanning tip.
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Al-Jader, Mohamad Aqeel. "Investigation of spot welding electrode tip wear and a non-destructive test of plastic joining in the automotive industry." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2014. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4445/.

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The automotive industry is reliant on resistance spot-welding just as the sandwich making industry is reliant on bread. An automobile contains an average of 5000 welds. The quality of these welds is inspected and governed by certain standards. In order to maintain these standards there are different approaches to quality control. There are many factors that are accountable to a successful weld. The main factors are the voltage across the electrodes, the pressure applied by the electrodes at the interface of the metal sheets, the current applied, the surface condition and the composition of the sheets. The main problem in determining whether a weld complies with the standard is that the most reliable test is a destructive test, which not only destroys a potentially good weld, but it stalls the entire production line in order to perform the test. This is a process where the weld is taken apart sometimes with a chisel. Once the weld is dismantled the quality can be analysed. During the course of this thesis the chisel test, and other comparable tests were carried out. The following thesis presents an overview of electrode current selection and its variance over the lifetime of the electrode tip. This also describes the proposed analysis system for the selection of welding parameters for the spot welding process, as the electrode tip wears. Data from the practical tests is analysed using SORPAS Software Package in order to compare between real life practical tests, and theoretical simulations preformed in SORPAS. Reducing sparks caused during each weld is another requirement to prevent bumps on the bodywork that may cause further complications at later stages, this project will greatly improve productivity in the production line, since damaged tips can be identified and changed during the manufacturing process. The results show that at a pressure of 4.0bar productivity of welds that conform with the necessary British standards was increased three fold. A new type of non-invasive plastic bond testing is also investigated. This bond testing research was driven by the industrial need for a novel real-time non-destructive method of measuring both the quantity and type of material. Microwave sensors which monitor the change in permittivity of PF glue were developed for this purpose and successfully tested. These sensors have also been used to differentiate between different plastics.
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Hanus, Vladimír. "Řezné nástroje při výrobě zbraňových součástek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228931.

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his Diploma thesis concentrates on problems related to cutting tools, their wear, durability, and cutting conditions. The work provides basic analysis of technology applied to two selected parts. Further, there is also analysis of cutting tools suppliers. The work gives brief characteristics of the basic types of wear and their origins. In the experimental section is a statistical evaluation of selected tools, calculation of optimal cutting conditions and durability, and finally selected tools wear evaluated. The technical and economical evaluation compares cutting conditions provided in theory with the real cutting conditions.
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Lam, Wayne Pui-Wing. "Assessment of wear resistance of tin and tin alloy coatings." Thesis, Brunel University, 2007. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5229.

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Tin alloy coatings have traditionally been used as corrosion resistant bamens due to their inert nature and comprehensive coverage, and have seldom been considered in physically demanding applications, such as wear resistant coatings owing to misconceptions associated with the soft nature of tin metal. The alloying of tin with copper has already been shown to significantly increase its mechanical properties, as demonstrated by the adoption of tin-copper alloys for use as bearing materials. Unfortunately, its cyanide plating technology makes tin-copper environmentally unsustainable, whilst the process requires constant regulation and monitoring, and there are disposal costs associated with the cyanide waste products. The tin-nickel alloy, however, can be produced with minimal supervision and its plating process uses less harmful precursors, making it an alternative consideration. The research documented in this thesis assesses this increase by quantifying the resistance of tin, tin-nickel and tin-copper coatings to removal from sliding wear. As tin is a soft material and behaves dissimilarly to conventional coatings in a sliding wear environment, traditional wear assessment techniques are not appropriate. A novel approach is therefore devised and implemented, and this involves the continually monitoring the effect of damage introduced to the surface of the tin and tin alloy coatings, from an abrading ceramic ball. Using an elemental detection tool, it is possible to analyse wear scars that exhibit progressively depleted coating material, by identifying the underlying substrate material as it becomes exposed. In this way, it is possible to quantify the improvements made to tin from alloying with nickel and copper. The large volume of data acquired from this research is presented in a matrix format to enable simultaneous depiction of multiple parameters, and to allow quick and easy interpretation. The tin-nickel coating is found to be comparable to tin-copper in terms of resistance to removal. Despite tin-copper being slightly superior over the range of test conditions used, tin-nickel as been shown to be an environmentally friendly and cost effective alternative coating alloy to tin-copper.
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Pomares, Siberio Juan Pedro. "Electrodeposition and wear behaviour of tin composite coatings." Thesis, Brunel University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389994.

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Lee, Michael Vernon. "Development of Chemomechanical Functionalization and Nanografting on Silicon Surfaces." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1435.

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Progress in chemomechanical functionalization was made by investigating the binding of molecules and surface coverage on the silicon surface, demonstrating functionalization of silicon with gases by chemomechanical means, analyzing atomic force microscopy probe tip wear in atomic force microscopy (AFM) chemomechanical nanografting, combining chemomechanical functionalization and nanografting to pattern silicon with an atomic force microscope, and extending chemomechanical nanografting to silicon dioxide. Molecular mechanics of alkenes and alkynes bound to Si(001)-2x1 as a model of chemomechanically functionalized surfaces indicated that complete coverage is energetically favorable and becomes more favorable for longer chain species. Scribing a silicon surface in the presence of ethylene and acetylene demonstrated chemomechanical functionalization with gaseous reagents, which simplifies sample cleanup and adds a range of reagents to those possible for chemomechanical functionalization. Thermal desorption spectroscopy was performed on chemomechanically functionalized samples and demonstrated the similarity in binding of molecules to the scribed silicon surface and to the common Si(001)-2x1 and Si(111)-7x7 surfaces. The wearing of atomic force microscope probe tips during chemomechanical functionalization was investigated by correlating change over time and force with widths of created lines to illustrate the detrimental effect of tip wear on mechanically-driven nanopatterning methods. In order to have a starting surface more stable than hydrogen-terminated silicon, silicon reacted with 1-octene was used as a starting surface for AFM chemomechanical functionalization, producing chemomechanical nanografting. Chemomechanical nanografting was then demonstrated on silicon dioxide using silane molecules; the initial passivating layer reduced the tip friction on the surface to allow only partial nanografting of the silane molecules. These studies broadened the scope and understanding of chemomechanical functionalization and nanografting.
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Koricherla, Manindra Varma. "High Temperature Sliding Wear Behavior and Mechanisms of Cold-Sprayed Ti and Ti-TiC Composites." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707340/.

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Ti and Ti-based alloys are used in many aerospace and automotive components due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. However, room and elevated temperature wear resistance remain an issue, thus requiring some form of secondary hard phase, e.g., refractory carbides and oxides, as well as solid lubrication to mitigate wear. In this study, Ti-TiC (14, 24 and 35 vol% TiC) composite coatings were deposited on mild steel substrates using cold spray with comparisons made to baseline cold-sprayed Ti. The dry sliding friction and wear behavior were studied from 25°C to 575°C and during thermal cycling in this temperature range. While the room temperature friction coefficient of all the coatings remained relatively constant at ~0.5, the wear rate continually decreased from ~1x10-3 to ~2x10-5 mm3/N-m with increasing the TiC loading. Raman spectroscopy measurements determined that the same TiO2 tribochemical phases (rutile and anatase) were present on the room temperature sliding wear surfaces, thus responsible for similar friction coefficients. With increasing sliding temperatures to 575°C, the Ti-35%TiC composite coating exhibited the best overall tribological behavior, i.e., the friction coefficient decreased to ~0.3 along with a negative wear rate of -6.6x10-5 mm3/N-m (material gain on the wear track was recorded due to oxidation and transfer from the counterface). These friction and wear reductions were determined to be due to the formation of stable, low interfacial shear strength oxide glaze layers on the wear surfaces, composed of TiO2, WO3, and CoWO4 (transfer from WC-Co counterface). In addition, self-adaptive friction behavior was observed during thermal cycling as a result of the microstructural and tribochemical differences in the tribolayers.
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Books on the topic "Tip wear"

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ill, Caple Scott, Ho Winnie, and Pixar Animation Studios, eds. Never wear a cape!: And other tips for supers. New York: Random House Children's Books, 2004.

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The complete book of scarves: All you need to make, decorate, embellish, tie & wear. New York: Sterling Pub. Co., 1998.

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Bicycle commuter's pocket guide: Gear you need, clothes to wear, tips for traffic, roadside repair. Guilford, Conn: FalconGuides, 2009.

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Inc, Sign Media, ed. The interpreter's guide to life: 365 tips for interpreters (don't wear black to a wedding and other words of advice). College Park, MD: Sign Media, Inc., 2003.

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3DO Games Secrets: Book Two. Maui, HI: Sandwich Islands Publishing, 1996.

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Genovese, Patricia M. Real Women Wear Tap Shoes! Maverick Publications, 1997.

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Small, Mario Luis. Weak-Tie Confidants. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190661427.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the “core discussion networks” of graduate students in three departments and shows that, contrary to traditional expectations, many of the ties appear to be weak rather than strong. It considers how the students relate to those they have considered their confidants after six months, and more specifically whether they would as a whole report the same confidants. Three perspectives on the relative importance of network structure versus social interaction are discussed based on the students’ different experiences: the students will keep most confidants, they will drop many of their confidants, or they will drop many confidants but quickly replace them. In general, the students replaced their confidants often.
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Anderson, Vicki. Do you wear a bow tie? 2001.

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Wagoner, Mackenzie, and Judith van den Hoek. How to wear makeup: 75 tips and tutorials. 2017.

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Tie-dye: Dye it, wear it, share it. Potter Craft, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tip wear"

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Yu, Jiaxin, Bingjun Yu, Linmao Qian, and Zhongrong Zhou. "Nanofretting Wear of Monocrystalline Silicon (100) against Spherical SiO2 Tip in Vacuum." In Advanced Tribology, 433–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03653-8_134.

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McRobbie, Angela. "‚What not to wear‘ und postfeministische symbolische Gewalt." In Top Girls, 159–88. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14828-7_6.

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McRobbie, Angela, Sabine Hark, and Paula-Irene Villa. "‚What not to wear‘ und postfeministische symbolische Gewalt." In Top Girls, 165–93. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92293-5_7.

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Feijó, Rui Graça. "“At home we wear cawat, outside we wear a tie”." In Transformations in Independent Timor-Leste, 229–45. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017. |: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315535012-13.

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Kozlov, V. Yu, M. Beck, S. Coeck, M. Herbane, I. S. Kraev, N. Severijns, F. Wauters, et al. "The WITCH experiment: towards weak interactions studies. Status and prospects." In TCP 2006, 15–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73466-6_2.

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Lautenschlaeger, Wolfram. "The Weak Convergence of TCP Bandwidth Sharing." In Measurement, Modelling and Evaluation of Dependable Computer and Communication Systems, 153–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31559-1_13.

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Veinthal, Renno, Fjodor Sergejev, Can Emrah Yaldiz, and Valdek Mikli. "Impact Wear Performance of Thin Hard Coatings on TiC Cermets." In 18th International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering, 404–19. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp49447t.

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Veinthal, Renno, Fjodor Sergejev, Can Emrah Yaldiz, and Valdek Mikli. "Impact Wear Performance of Thin Hard Coatings on TiC Cermets." In 18th International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering, 404–19. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp153220120029.

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Tijo, D., Ajay Sivasankaran Menon, and Manoj Masanta. "Study of Sliding Abrasive Wear Behaviour of TiC–TiB2 Composite Coating Fabricated on Titanium Alloy by TIG Cladding Method." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 583–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9425-7_52.

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Hong, Chao-Fu, Mu-Hua Lin, and Hsiao-Fang Yang. "Business Opportunity: The Weak-Tie Roaming among Tribes." In Computational Collective Intelligence. Technologies and Applications, 532–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34707-8_54.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tip wear"

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Cadena Vinueza, Maria Jose, Marino Romanello, Daniel Yi, Tod E. Robinson, David Brinkley, and Marty Klos. "Tip wear improvements in advanced nanomachining." In Photomask Technology, edited by Stephen P. Renwick and Moshe E. Preil. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2573094.

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Peng, Luohan, and Hong Liang. "Nano Wear of Noble Metals Against Silicon." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44227.

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We study the wear behavior of noble metals against a semiconductor substrate within a highly focused area. The nano-wear was generated on the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). The substrate is single crystal silicon. AFM tips were coated with noble metals, gold and silver, so that no complication of oxidation was introduced. The Au-Si and Ag-Si are two eutectic systems. The Au and Si atoms are more compatible compared with that of the Ag and Si system. During nano-wear experiments, the Au or Ag coated AFM tip slid against Si substrate. It was found that the Au tip showed adhesive wear but Ag tip showed abrasive wear. In this paper, we report results obtained in the nanoscale wear.
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Chung, Koo-Hyun, and Dae-Eun Kim. "Wear Characteristics of Atomic Force Microscope Probe Tips." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63783.

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In the field of nanotechnology, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) which is based on the interactions between an extremely sharp probe tip and specimen, has been widely utilized. In the AFM and AFM-based applications, the probe tip wear problem should be carefully considered. In this work, the wear characteristics of silicon, silicon nitride, and diamond coated probe tip under light loads were investigated. In order to identify the structure of the AFM probe tips as well as the nature of wear, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) analyses were utilized. Using the Archard’s wear equation, the degree of the probe tip wear was quantitatively assessed. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the plausible wear mechanisms of the AFM probe tips were proposed in an effort to understand the nano-scale wear.
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Liu, Jingjing, Sean D. O’Connor, Bernd Gotsmann, Mark A. Lantz, Rachel J. Cannara, Jacob Notbohm, Nicolaie Moldovan, et al. "Wear of Silicon and Carbon-Based Nanoscale Asperities." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71135.

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Wear at the nanoscale is a key limitation of conventional silicon and silicon nitride atomic force microscope (AFM) probe tips. Tip degradation and contamination induced by tip-sample interactions can result in decreased resolution and uncertainty in AFM measurements. Prediction and control of the wear behavior is challenging since there is no rigorous theory for the wear of a <100 nm asperity. However, ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) are potentially ideal materials for AFM probe applications because of their high stiffness and hardness, low surface roughness, low macroscale friction coefficient and wear, and chemical inertness. The nanoscale adhesion and wear behavior of UNCD, DLC, silicon, and silicon nitride AFM probes have been characterized through systematic AFM wear tests and characterization of the corresponding nanoscale modification of the tips through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, AFM-based adhesion measurements, and AFM-based blind reconstruction of the tip shape. Our results demonstrate that significant reductions in the nanoscale wear can be achieved through the use of these carbon-based materials. We will discuss how the nanoscale wear behavior of the tips can be linked to their intrinsic materials properties through consideration of the mechanics and physics of nanoscale contacts.
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Kuo, Peter S., and Charles C. Blatchley. "Turbine Blade Tip-Shroud Wear Characteristics Monitored by Surface Layer Activation." In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-300.

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An on-line investigation into turbine shroud gap control and optimization was recently conducted at Textron Lycoming Division. The Surface Layer Activation (SLA) technique was used (for the first time in turbine blades) to determine shroud wear rates during operation and to detect related blade motions in the shrouded assembly. Surface losses from shroud tip faces, which were activated by a particle accelerator, were detected by gamma spectrometry. Engine testing deliberately used “tight” and “loose” shroud assemblies to evaluate the effect of total gap on wear. Tests were run at speed ranges known to include blade-disc system modes, with over 30 hours of running time for each shroud configuration. On-line wear monitoring and total accumulated wear for each blade both indicated a faster wear rate in the “loose” shroud wheel than in the “tight” assembly, with most wear occurring in the high engine speed range. The experimental measurements provide a further understanding of design parameters for the optimization of turbine blade tip shrouds.
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Cameron, David W. "An Evaluation of Waspaloy Expander Blade Tip Weld Repairs." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-317.

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The abrasive wear of blade tips in fluid catalytic cracking unit power recovery turbines is one of the principal ‘failure’ mechanisms for the parts. The occurrence of tip wear considerably shortens the effective life of the blade: generally well below the anticipated mechanical life of the component. This paper details the evaluation of mechanical properties and metallographic characteristics of a fully re-heat treated, Waspaloy on Waspaloy weldment for blade tip repair that will allow re-utilization of the blades.
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Aksit, Mahmut F., John A. Tichy, and O. Saim Dinc. "Brush Seal Bristle Wear Analysis." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44351.

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Turbomachinery sealing applications require accommodating large rotor excursions at high surface speeds. Achieving seal compliance under such demanding conditions combined with typical high operating temperatures poses a major engineering challenge. Formed by a dense pack of bristles, brush seals have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional labyrinth seals. Being contact seals, brush seals undergo unavoidable bristle wear in operation. Rate and extent of bristle wear determines seal life and performance. Detailed understanding of brush seal contact loads is necessary to estimate seal wear performance. The complicated nature of bristle behavior under various combinations of pressure load and rotor interference requires computer analysis to study details that may not be available through analytical formulations. This work presents a summary of a 3-D computational brush seal tip force and wear analysis. The analysis models a representative brush segment with bristles formed by 3-D beam elements. Bristle interlocking and frictional interactions (interbristle, bristle-backing plate and bristle-rotor) are included to better calculate resulting seal stiffness and tip forces. Results are compared to stiffness measurements and full scale seal wear tests.
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Dhope, Kiran, and Siddharth Tallur. "Analytical model for monitoring of AFM tip wear through resonance frequency measurements." In 2018 4th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics (ICEE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee44586.2018.8937987.

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Cheng, Tiffany J., Jun Hyun Han, Michael Ziwisky, Chung Hoon Lee, and Sunil A. Bhave. "6.4 GHz acoustic sensor for in-situ monitoring of AFM tip wear." In 2011 IEEE 24th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2011.5734476.

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Lavella, M., D. Botto, and M. M. Gola. "Fretting Wear of CMSX4 at Blade Tip Interface With and Without Coating." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15107.

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Fretting wear is a complex phenomenon that occurs at component interfaces that are subjected to low amplitude oscillation under high contact pressure. In turbomachinery fretting occurs also at the blade tip interfaces where shrouds, that have the aim to reduce the blade resonant vibration amplitude, are machined. To diminish the fretting damage coatings are applied to the blade tips. The aim of this study is to compare the fretting wear behaviour of single crystal CMSX-4 superalloy interfaces with and without plasma sprayed T-800 coating. Experiments have been conducted with hemispherical surface in contact with a flat surface of the same materials at temperature of 800 °C. The hysteresis cycles have been measured through the experiment. The comparison of the hysteresis cycles shown that the tangential contact stiffness of the coated surfaces is greater then that of the surfaces without coating. At the end of wear process, the mating surfaces have been characterized by three-dimensional optical interferometry and SEM analysis. After 10×106 wear cycles, the uncoated surfaces show a large change in the contact parameters and fretting cracks on the flat surface. On the other hand, the coated surfaces do not shows a measurable change in the contact parameters while the coating damage on the flat surface leads to predict an incipient catastrophic wear.
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Reports on the topic "Tip wear"

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Blau, P. J., C. S. Yust, Y. W. Bae, T. M. Besmann, and W. Y. Lee. Friction and wear of self-lubricating TiN-MoS{sub 2} coatings produced by chemical vapor deposition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/161534.

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Wright, R. N., B. H. Rabin, and J. K. Wright. Processing, properties, and wear resistance of aluminides. [Fe[sub 3]Al; Al[sub 3]Ti]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6615487.

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Thirumalvalavan, Subramanian, and Natarajan Senthilkumar. Experimental Investigation and Optimization of HVOF Spray Parameters on Wear Resistance Behaviour of Ti‑6Al‑4V Alloy. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.05.15.

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Yamaleyeva, Dina, Paul Baker, and Shane Catledge. A Wear Evaluation of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) against Nanostructured Diamond-Coated Ti-6Al-4V Alloy. Journal of Young Investigators, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.31.3.21-26.

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HYSTERETIC PERFORMANCE OF WEAK-AXIS CONNECTION WITH I-SHAPED PLATES IN STEEL FRAME. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2021.17.3.1.

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This paper elucidates numerically the behavior of weak-axis moment connections proposed by welding I-shaped plates in the H-section column to increase connection strength and ductility in steel frame. After validating the numerical methods through comparing the results of numerical analysis and experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed weak-axis connection were examined through comparing to the traditional weak-axis connection. The proposed weak-axis connection could move the highest stresses away from the start-stop points of a weld, and thus preventing the premature brittle fracture of the beam flange welds. The plastic hinge formed away from the beam-column interface, while the local buckling occurred in the weld access holes region in the traditional weak-axis connection. The proposed weak-axis connections can be classified as rigid in a strong-bracing system, and be classified as semi-rigid in weak-supported or unsupported system. And then a series of parametric studies was conducted to better understand the behavior of proposed weak-axis moment connections. The force-displacement relationships, location of the plastic hinge, Mises index (MI), triaxiality index (TI) and rupture index (RI) distributions at the beam flange welds were reported in detail. According to the numerical analysis, the design variables of I-shaped plates and widened flange plate are suggested, along with a design procedure.
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