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Journal articles on the topic 'TIPIn'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Smith, Kevin D., Michael A. Fu, and Eric J. Brown. "Tim–Tipin dysfunction creates an indispensible reliance on the ATR–Chk1 pathway for continued DNA synthesis." Journal of Cell Biology 187, no. 1 (2009): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200905006.

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The Tim (Timeless)–Tipin complex has been proposed to maintain genome stability by facilitating ATR-mediated Chk1 activation. However, as a replisome component, Tim–Tipin has also been suggested to couple DNA unwinding to synthesis, an activity expected to suppress single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) accumulation and limit ATR–Chk1 pathway engagement. We now demonstrate that Tim–Tipin depletion is sufficient to increase ssDNA accumulation at replication forks and stimulate ATR activity during otherwise unperturbed DNA replication. Notably, suppression of the ATR–Chk1 pathway in Tim–Tipin-deficient cells completely abrogates nucleotide incorporation in S phase, indicating that the ATR-dependent response to Tim–Tipin depletion is indispensible for continued DNA synthesis. Replication failure in ATR/Tim-deficient cells is strongly associated with synergistic increases in H2AX phosphorylation and DNA double-strand breaks, suggesting that ATR pathway activation preserves fork stability in instances of Tim–Tipin dysfunction. Together, these experiments indicate that the Tim–Tipin complex stabilizes replication forks both by preventing the accumulation of ssDNA upstream of ATR–Chk1 function and by facilitating phosphorylation of Chk1 by ATR.

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2

Ünsal-Kaçmaz, Keziban, Paul D. Chastain, Ping-Ping Qu, et al. "The Human Tim/Tipin Complex Coordinates an Intra-S Checkpoint Response to UV That Slows Replication Fork Displacement." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 8 (2007): 3131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.02190-06.

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ABSTRACT UV-induced DNA damage stalls DNA replication forks and activates the intra-S checkpoint to inhibit replicon initiation. In response to stalled replication forks, ATR phosphorylates and activates the transducer kinase Chk1 through interactions with the mediator proteins TopBP1, Claspin, and Timeless (Tim). Murine Tim recently was shown to form a complex with Tim-interacting protein (Tipin), and a similar complex was shown to exist in human cells. Knockdown of Tipin using small interfering RNA reduced the expression of Tim and reversed the intra-S checkpoint response to UVC. Tipin interacted with replication protein A (RPA) and RPA-coated DNA, and RPA promoted the loading of Tipin onto RPA-free DNA. Immunofluorescence analysis of spread DNA fibers showed that treating HeLa cells with 2.5 J/m2 UVC not only inhibited the initiation of new replicons but also reduced the rate of chain elongation at active replication forks. The depletion of Tim and Tipin reversed the UV-induced inhibition of replicon initiation but affected the rate of DNA synthesis at replication forks in different ways. In undamaged cells depleted of Tim, the apparent rate of replication fork progression was 52% of the control. In contrast, Tipin depletion had little or no effect on fork progression in unirradiated cells but significantly attenuated the UV-induced inhibition of DNA chain elongation. Together, these findings indicate that the Tim-Tipin complex mediates the UV-induced intra-S checkpoint, Tim is needed to maintain DNA replication fork movement in the absence of damage, Tipin interacts with RPA on DNA and, in UV-damaged cells, Tipin slows DNA chain elongation in active replicons.

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3

KESKİN, Hakkı Levent. "An Anatolian Type Metal Hammer-Axe from Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology and Some Remarks on the Development, Production and Symbolic Value of This Type." Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 59, no. 1 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2019.59.1.5.

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Anadolu'da Erken Tunç Çağında çok sayıda örnek ve farklı tiplerle temsil edilen sap delikli baltalar bu dönem metal silah endüstrisinin en önemli gruplarından birini oluşturmakta ve gerek kronolojik gerekse bölgelerarası ilişkiler açısından önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Bodrum Sualtı Arkeoloji Müzesi'nde bulunan ve daha önce yayınlanmamış bir çekiç balta, sap delikli metal baltaların özel bir tipini temsil etmektedir. Bu çalışma, Bodrum örneğinden hareketle bu tipin köken ve gelişim çizgisini ortaya koymak yanında olası üretim teknikleri ve kullanım biçimlerine yönelik soruları da cevaplamayı amaçlamaktadır. Benzer örneklerin bir bütün halinde değerlendirilmesi, bu tipin Batı Anadolu'ya özgü bir form olarak MÖ 3. Binyılın ortalarından sonra geliştiğini ve kısmen diğer bölgelere de yayıldığını net bir şekilde ortaya koymaktadır. Kimi örneklerin sağlam kontekstlerinden elde edilen bilgiler de bu tip eserlerin, toplumda belirli bir statüdeki bireylerin sahip oldukları güç ve iktidarın bir yansıması olarak sembolik anlamlara sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

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4

Çelik, Hilal Tozlu, and Mustafa Olfaz. "Koyun ve Keçi Yetiştiriciliğinde Tipin Sabitleştirilmesi Yöntemleri." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, no. 8 (2015): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i8.659-663.428.

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Improvement studies are conduct to increasing of productivity native sheep breeds. This studies requires being quite comprehensive and disciplined. Improvement studies to achieve the desired characteristics and in which phase of finish is crucial. In this review, we focus on obtaining and fixing type in order to need to be implemented methods in sheep and goats.

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5

Baldeyron, Céline, Amélie Brisson, Bruno Tesson, et al. "TIPIN depletion leads to apoptosis in breast cancer cells." Molecular Oncology 9, no. 8 (2015): 1580–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2015.04.010.

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6

Errico, Alessia, Antoine Aze, and Vincenzo Costanzo. "Mta2 promotes Tipin-dependent maintenance of replication fork integrity." Cell Cycle 13, no. 13 (2014): 2120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.29157.

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7

Hosono, Yoshifumi, Takuya Abe, Masato Higuchi, et al. "Tipin Functions in the Protection against Topoisomerase I Inhibitor." Journal of Biological Chemistry 289, no. 16 (2014): 11374–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m113.531707.

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8

Antonell, M. J., C. R. Abernathy, and R. W. Gedridge. "Tellurium doping of InP using triisopropylindium-diisopropyltellurium (TIPInDIPTe)." Journal of Crystal Growth 164, no. 1-4 (1996): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(95)01020-3.

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9

GEÇGİN, Ercan. "Anadolu'da Özgün Bir Ekonomik Aktör Tipi: Homo Kaysericus." Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 58, no. 1 (2018): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2018.58.1.46.

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Kayseri, dünden bugüne, toplumsal ve tarihsel açıdan pek çok karakteristik özellikleri içinde en fazla ticaret kültürüyle öne çıkan bir kent olmuştur. Binlerce yıl öncesinden bugüne kök salan ticaret kültürü, Anadolu’nun diğer illeri ile kıyaslandığında Kayseri’yi özgün bir konuma getirmiştir. Toplumun genelindeki “Kayserili” imgesinin başat özelliği ekonomik alandaki girişkenliği ve başarısı ile ölçülmüştür. Coğrafi, tarihsel ve toplumsal etkileşimlerin bileşkesiyle meydana gelen ekonomik alandaki bu hüviyet, Simmel’in “nesnel kültür” kavramıyla açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır bu çalışmada. Yine Simmel’in “form- içerik” ilişkisinden hareketle para ekonomisinin formuna uygun özgün bir ticaret tipi olarak ”Homo Kaysericus” kavramı geliştirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Kayseri’nin uzun tarihsel momentlerinde oluşan ticaret kültürü, nesnelleşmiş ve kendisine göre bir sistem ortaya çıkartarak ekonomik alandaki aktörlerin davranışlarını ve habituslarını belirleyerek bugüne kadar uzanmıştır. Ekonomik alandaki aktörler nesnel kültürün yapısı tarafından belirlenimleri olmakla birlikte aynı zamanda dönüştürücü birer eyleyen veya faildirler. Nesnel kültürün hem aktarıcısı hem de yeniden üretici aktörleridirler. Kayseri’nin ekonomik alandaki özgünlüğün taşıyıcısı olan aktörlerin ortaya çıkardığı kolektif eyleyici tipi bu çalışmada “Homo Kaysericus” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, bazı somut nesnel kültür örüntü verilerinden hareket edilerek bu toplumsal tipin soyutlanışına ulaşılmak istenmiştir. Kayseri’de ticaretle uğraşan aktörlerle yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler, gözlemler, Kayseri fıkraları gibi farklı nitelikteki metinlerden hareketle Homo Kaysericus’un izi sürülmeye çalışılmış; böylece Kayseri özelinde Anadolu’daki ekonomik alanın sosyolojik çerçevesine bir katkı sunulmak istenmiştir.

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10

Witosch, Justine, Eva Wolf, and Naoko Mizuno. "Architecture and ssDNA interaction of the Timeless-Tipin-RPA complex." Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 20 (2014): 12912–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku960.

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11

Schalbetter, Stephanie A., Sahar Mansoubi, Anna L. Chambers, Jessica A. Downs, and Jonathan Baxter. "Fork rotation and DNA precatenation are restricted during DNA replication to prevent chromosomal instability." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 33 (2015): E4565—E4570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505356112.

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Faithful genome duplication and inheritance require the complete resolution of all intertwines within the parental DNA duplex. This is achieved by topoisomerase action ahead of the replication fork or by fork rotation and subsequent resolution of the DNA precatenation formed. Although fork rotation predominates at replication termination, in vitro studies have suggested that it also occurs frequently during elongation. However, the factors that influence fork rotation and how rotation and precatenation may influence other replication-associated processes are unknown. Here we analyze the causes and consequences of fork rotation in budding yeast. We find that fork rotation and precatenation preferentially occur in contexts that inhibit topoisomerase action ahead of the fork, including stable protein–DNA fragile sites and termination. However, generally, fork rotation and precatenation are actively inhibited by Timeless/Tof1 and Tipin/Csm3. In the absence of Tof1/Timeless, excessive fork rotation and precatenation cause extensive DNA damage following DNA replication. With Tof1, damage related to precatenation is focused on the fragile protein–DNA sites where fork rotation is induced. We conclude that although fork rotation and precatenation facilitate unwinding in hard-to-replicate contexts, they intrinsically disrupt normal chromosome duplication and are therefore restricted by Timeless/Tipin.

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12

Numata, Yuki, Shouta Ishihara, Naoko Hasegawa, Naohito Nozaki, and Yukio Ishimi. "Interaction of human MCM2-7 proteins with TIM, TIPIN and Rb." Journal of Biochemistry 147, no. 6 (2010): 917–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvq028.

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13

Gotter, Anthony L., Christine Suppa, and Beverly S. Emanuel. "Mammalian TIMELESS and Tipin are Evolutionarily Conserved Replication Fork-associated Factors." Journal of Molecular Biology 366, no. 1 (2007): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2006.10.097.

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14

Chakraborty, Abhijit, Faisal Aziz, Eunmiri Roh, et al. "Knock-down of the TIM/TIPIN complex promotes apoptosis in melanoma cells." Oncotarget 11, no. 20 (2020): 1846–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27572.

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15

Leman, A. R., C. Noguchi, C. Y. Lee, and E. Noguchi. "Human Timeless and Tipin stabilize replication forks and facilitate sister-chromatid cohesion." Journal of Cell Science 123, no. 5 (2010): 660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.057984.

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16

Webersinke, Lena, Mario Hertweck, Jürgen Holl, and Uwe Kiencke. "AN ADVANCED PD-CONTROLLER FOR TIPIN/OUT CONTROL OF A HEAVY TRUCK." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 40, no. 10 (2007): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20070820-3-us-2918.00059.

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17

Leman, Adam R., and Eishi Noguchi. "Local and global functions of Timeless and Tipin in replication fork protection." Cell Cycle 11, no. 21 (2012): 3945–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.21989.

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18

Perez-Rivas, L. G., Y. Rhayem, S. Sabrautzki, et al. "Genetic characterization of a mouse line with primary aldosteronism." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 58, no. 2 (2017): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-16-0200.

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In an attempt to define novel genetic loci involved in the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism, a mutagenesis screen after treatment with the alkylating agent N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea was established for the parameter aldosterone. One of the generated mouse lines with hyperaldosteronism was phenotypically and genetically characterized. This mouse line had high aldosterone levels but normal creatinine and urea values. The steroidogenic enzyme expression levels in the adrenal gland did not differ significantly among phenotypically affected and unaffected mice. Upon exome sequencing, point mutations were identified in seven candidate genes (Sspo, Dguok, Hoxaas2, Clstn3, Atm, Tipin and Mapk6). Subsequently, animals were stratified into wild-type and mutated groups according to their genotype for each of these candidate genes. A correlation of their genotypes with the respective aldosterone, aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR), urea and creatinine values as well as steroidogenic enzyme expression levels was performed. Aldosterone values were significantly higher in animals carrying mutations in four different genes (Sspo, Dguok, Hoxaas2 and Clstn3) and associated statistically significant adrenal Cyp11b2 overexpression as well as increased ARR was present only in mice with Sspo mutation. In contrast, mutations of the remaining candidate genes (Atm, Tipin and Mapk6) were associated with lower aldosterone values and lower Hsd3b6 expression levels. In summary, these data demonstrate association between the genes Sspo, Dguok, Hoxaas2 and Clstn3 and hyperaldosteronism. Final proofs for the causative nature of the mutations have to come from knock-out and knock-in experiments.

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19

McFarlane, Ramsay J., Saira Mian, and Jacob Z. Dalgaard. "The many facets of the Tim-Tipin protein families’ roles in chromosome biology." Cell Cycle 9, no. 4 (2010): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.9.4.10676.

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20

Errico, Alessia, Claudia Cosentino, Teresa Rivera та ін. "Tipin/Tim1/And1 protein complex promotes Polα chromatin binding and sister chromatid cohesion". EMBO Journal 28, № 23 (2009): 3681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.304.

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21

Grabarczyk, Daniel B. "Crystal structure and interactions of the Tof1–Csm3 (Timeless–Tipin) fork protection complex." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 12 (2020): 6996–7004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa456.

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Abstract The Tof1–Csm3 fork protection complex has a central role in the replisome—it promotes the progression of DNA replication forks and protects them when they stall, while also enabling cohesion establishment and checkpoint responses. Here, I present the crystal structure of the Tof1–Csm3 complex from Chaetomium thermophilum at 3.1 Å resolution. The structure reveals that both proteins together form an extended alpha helical repeat structure, which suggests a mechanical or scaffolding role for the complex. Expanding on this idea, I characterize a DNA interacting region and a cancer-associated Mrc1 binding site. This study provides the molecular basis for understanding the functions of the Tof1–Csm3 complex, its human orthologue the Timeless–Tipin complex and additionally the Drosophila circadian rhythm protein Timeless.

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22

Holzer, Sandro, Gianluca Degliesposti, Mairi L. Kilkenny, et al. "Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of human Timeless and its interaction with Tipin." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 1 (2019): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz1116.

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23

Holzer, Sandro, Gianluca Degliesposti, Mairi L. Kilkenny, et al. "Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of human Timeless and its interaction with Tipin." Nucleic Acids Research 45, no. 9 (2017): 5555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx139.

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24

Kemp, Michael G., Zafer Akan, Seçil Yilmaz, et al. "Tipin-Replication Protein A Interaction Mediates Chk1 Phosphorylation by ATR in Response to Genotoxic Stress." Journal of Biological Chemistry 285, no. 22 (2010): 16562–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m110.110304.

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25

Ali, Seikh Imtiaz, Jae-Sun Shin, Sung-Hun Bae, Byoungkook Kim, and Byong-Seok Choi. "Replication protein A 32 interacts through a similar binding interface with TIPIN, XPA, and UNG2." International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 42, no. 7 (2010): 1210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.011.

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26

Chou, D. M., and S. J. Elledge. "Tipin and Timeless form a mutually protective complex required for genotoxic stress resistance and checkpoint function." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, no. 48 (2006): 18143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609251103.

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27

Cho, W. H., Y. H. Kang, Y. Y. An, I. Tappin, J. Hurwitz, and J. K. Lee. "Human Tim-Tipin complex affects the biochemical properties of the replicative DNA helicase and DNA polymerases." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 7 (2013): 2523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222494110.

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28

Aria, Valentina, Mariarita De Felice, Roberta Di Perna та ін. "The Human Tim-Tipin Complex Interacts Directly with DNA Polymerase ϵ and Stimulates Its Synthetic Activity". Journal of Biological Chemistry 288, № 18 (2013): 12742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m112.398073.

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29

Westhorpe, Rose, Andrea Keszthelyi, Nicola E. Minchell, David Jones, and Jonathan Baxter. "Separable functions of Tof1/Timeless in intra-S-checkpoint signalling, replisome stability and DNA topological stress." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 21 (2020): 12169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa963.

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Abstract The highly conserved Tof1/Timeless proteins minimise replication stress and promote normal DNA replication. They are required to mediate the DNA replication checkpoint (DRC), the stable pausing of forks at protein fork blocks, the coupling of DNA helicase and polymerase functions during replication stress (RS) and the preferential resolution of DNA topological stress ahead of the fork. Here we demonstrate that the roles of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Timeless protein Tof1 in DRC signalling and resolution of DNA topological stress require distinct N and C terminal regions of the protein, whereas the other functions of Tof1 are closely linked to the stable interaction between Tof1 and its constitutive binding partner Csm3/Tipin. By separating the role of Tof1 in DRC from fork stabilisation and coupling, we show that Tof1 has distinct activities in checkpoint activation and replisome stability to ensure the viable completion of DNA replication following replication stress.

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30

Gotter, Anthony L. "Tipin, a Novel Timeless-Interacting Protein, is Developmentally Co-expressed with Timeless and Disrupts its Self-association." Journal of Molecular Biology 331, no. 1 (2003): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2836(03)00633-8.

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31

Smith-Roe, Stephanie L., Shivani S. Patel, Dennis A. Simpson, et al. "Timeless functions independently of the Tim-Tipin complex to promote sister chromatid cohesion in normal human fibroblasts." Cell Cycle 10, no. 10 (2011): 1618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.10.10.15613.

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32

Yoshizawa-Sugata, Naoko, and Hisao Masai. "Human Tim/Timeless-interacting Protein, Tipin, Is Required for Efficient Progression of S Phase and DNA Replication Checkpoint." Journal of Biological Chemistry 282, no. 4 (2006): 2729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m605596200.

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33

Zedeño, María Nieves. "Art as the Road to Perfection: The Blackfoot Painted Tipi." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 27, no. 4 (2017): 631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774317000646.

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The Blackfoot bison hunters of the North American Plains are widely known for their artfully painted lodges commonly known as ‘tipis’. Traditionally, tipi designs were not for everyone; rather, they were received individually from the spirit world or ceremonially transferred from one person to another under strict covenants. Painted tipis advertised the spiritual and social stature of their owners and were intricately woven in the ontological fabric of the group. This article explores the role of the painted tipi in individual and social life among the Blackfoot to highlight how art can be used to construct social places, to accumulate material and ritual wealth and, ultimately, to make society.

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34

Errico, A., V. Costanzo, and T. Hunt. "Tipin is required for stalled replication forks to resume DNA replication after removal of aphidicolin in Xenopus egg extracts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 38 (2007): 14929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706347104.

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35

Young, Lauren M., Antonio Marzio, Pablo Perez-Duran, et al. "TIMELESS Forms a Complex with PARP1 Distinct from Its Complex with TIPIN and Plays a Role in the DNA Damage Response." Cell Reports 13, no. 3 (2015): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.017.

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36

Çal, Halit. "Türkiye Mezar Taşı Tipleri 1: Güneş Tepelikliler." Belleten 85, no. 303 (2021): 645–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2021.645.

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Merkezdeki küçük çiçekten çıkan ışın kolları biçimli daire tepeliklere güneş tepelikli denilmiştir. Tezler ve yayınlardaki 33911 mezar taşı içinde 311 tane belirledik. Tarihli 261 örnek 1810-1952 yıllarındandır. 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında yaygınlaşmıştır. Gövde yatay kesiti olarak yuvarlak kesitli bir tanesi dışındakiler dikdörtgen kesitlidir. Tepelikleri 6, kol düzenlemelerini 7 alt grup içinde ele aldık. Genel biçim 141 tanesinde güneş ışınları, 152 tanesinde bitkisel düzenlemeye yakındır. %91’i kadınlar için yapılmıştır. 1 paşa ve 26 paşa yakını, 1 şeyhülislam oğlu için yapılan dışında çoğu serbest meslek sahipleri, azı orta düzey devlet görevlileri yakınlarına aittir. İncelediğimiz örneklere göre bu tipin Türkiye geneline oranı yüzde birdir. Türkiye’de Selçuklu mimarisi ve paralarında güneş motifleri biliniyor. Çok uçlu yıldız, çok kollu yıldız geçmeleri Selçuklulardan itibaren yaygındır. Osmanlı mimarisinde 19. Yüzyıldaki güneş ışınlı bezemeler ise 17-18. yüzyıl Avrupa mimarisindeki biçimlere benzemektedir. Osmanlı mimarisinde 18. yüzyıl başından beri yaygın olan Avrupa etkili istiridye kabuğu ve kolları düz işlenen yelpaze motifi, 19. yüzyıldaki güneş tepeliklilere esin kaynağı olabilir. Sandık mezar yüzlerine çokça işlenen kare, oval, dikdörtgen biçimli güneş motiflerinin mimarideki örneklerinde tuğra merkezdedir. Bunun Osmanlı arması ile biçim benzerliği mezar taşlarında da bu düşüncenin olabilirliğini akla getirmektedir. Ancak örneklerin çoğu orta düzey görevli ve serbest meslekten kişilerin yakını kadınlara aittir. Geneli itibarıyla ana tip ve alt tiplerinin tarih dilimleri, bu tipteki tarihsiz örnekleri tarihlemede bir ölçü oluşturmaları bakımından da önemlidirler.

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37

Fittschen, Kaus. "Römer oder Grieche. Zum Bildnistypus Tirana AM 577 — Rom, Thermen — Museum /Romaic apo grek. Mbi tipin e portretit Tiranë AM 577 — Rome, Muzeu i Termeve." Iliria 19, no. 2 (1989): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/iliri.1989.1543.

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Allahverdiyev, M. Q., та Ə. K. Kəsəmənli. "Bədən kütləsi indeksinin konstitusional-tipoloji xüsusiyyətləri qida statusunun ən mühüm səciyyələndiricisi kimi". Journal of Theoretical, Clinical and Experimental Morphology 1, № 5 (2019): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28942/jtcem.v1i5.81.

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Tədqiqatın məqsədi. Tədqiqat işinin məqsədini 16-20 yaşlı qızlarda boy-çəki göstəricilərinin və BKİ-nin konstitusional-tipoloji xüsusiyyətlərinin təyini təşkil edir.. Material və metodlar. Antropometriya və bioimpedansometriya üsulları ilə Azərbaycan milliyyətindən olan 755 nəfər 16-20 yaşlı qızlar tədqiq olunubdur ki, onlardan da 329 nəfərini 16-17, 426 nəfərini isə 18-20 yaşlı qızlar təşkil edibdir. Nəticələr. Əldə edilən dəlillərə görə müayinə olunan 16-17 yaşlı qızlar arasında 74 nəfər – leptosom, 99 nəfər – mezosom, 126 nəfər – meqalosom, 30 nəfər – qeyri-müəyyən konstitusiya tipinə aid edilib. 18-20 yaşlı qızların nümayəndələrində isə leptosom konstitusiya tipini – 78, mezosomu – 160, meqalosomu – 140, qeyri-müəyyən konstitusiya tipini – 140 nəfər təşkil edib. BKİ-nin somatotiplikdən və yaşdan asılı olaraq təhlili çox ciddi fərdi və somatotipoloji variasiya göstəricilərinin olmasını aşkar etdi. Beləliklə, müəyyən olundu ki, digər müəlliflərin qeyd etdikləri kimi Azərbaycan milliyyətindən olan qızlarda da normada BKİ-nin qiyməti, yüksək dərəcədə, birbaşa qızların bədən kütləsi tipindən asılıdır; ona görə də BKİ-yə somatotipoloji qiymətləndirmə aparılmadan baxılması dürüst hesab edilə bilməz.

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Kurtoğlu Taşdelen, Demet. "“Nedir?” ve “Nereden/Nasıl Anlarız?” Sorularından Performatif Felsefenin Ürettiği “Devinen Bilgi”ye Doğru." Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi / Cilicia Journal of Philosophy 7, no. 2 (2020): 214–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/kilikya20207222.

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Devinen bilgi kavramının araştırılması performatif felsefe araştırma alanı içerisinde verimli olabilecek bir alan açmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, felsefe yapma biçimi için önemli bulduğum üç soru tipini hem ayrı ayrı hem de ilişkileri içerisinde araştırmaya çalışacağım. İlk olarak felsefenin geleneksel olarak kabul edilen “nedir?” soru tipine ilişkin yorumlamamdan yola çıkacak, sonrasında ise nasıl’ın bilgisinden farklı olarak sorduğum “nereden/nasıl anlarız?” soru tipinin Bergsoncu sezgiden zekâya giden yöntemle nasıl pratiğe dönüştürülebileceği üzerinde duracağım. Nedir’li soruların deneyimin içinden ve süreç içerisinde sorulmalarının önemini vurgulayacak ve bizi deneyimin kendisi içerisine yerleştiren “nereden/nasıl anlarız?” soru tipinin “olma haline nasıl geçeriz?” soru tipine nasıl zemin hazırladığını araştıracağım. Nedenleri ve sonuçları tam olarak belirleyip bilemeyeceğimiz, “olma halleri”ne geçebilmek için yaratılan performatif ortamlar aracılığıyla olanakların deneylenmesi sonucu üretilen devinen bir bilgi türünden söz edeceğim. Felsefeye performatiflik içerisinden yaklaştığımızda ve yaratılan olma halleri’ni felsefe yapma biçiminin temeline koyduğumuzda, felsefenin birarada-üretilen bilgi için ortamlar yaratan bir pratiğe dönüştüğünü göstermeye çalışacağım.

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Janes, Robert R. "A Comment on Microdebitage Analyses and Cultural Site-Formation Processes among Tipi Dwellers." American Antiquity 54, no. 4 (1989): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280693.

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A recent report by Hull (1987) on the microdebitage analysis of soil samples from a stone-circle site in the Northern Plains indicates the utility of such analyses for the study of use and disposal in lithic-tool-manufacture areas. Its value could have been heightened through greater awareness of recent research on the ethnoarchaeology of tipi use and of site-formation studies in general. Various factors were overlooked in Hull's analysis, including the intentional disposal of refuse away from the place of use, the widespread distribution of secondary refuse as a result of smearing and blending, the distinction between occupation and abandonment refuse, and the effects of rodent disturbance within tipis. The fact that these factors were not considered weakens the applicability of Hull's site-formation model. Research among the Slavey Dene of the western Canadian Subarctic suggests that tipis are better viewed as generalized activity centers, embracing a variety of human activities and events, none of which have strict spatial definition. This helps to explain the weak or nonexistent patterning noted by Hull.

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Sutko, John L., Nelson G. Publicover, and Richard L. Moss. "Titin." Circulation 104, no. 14 (2001): 1585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.104.14.1585.

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da Silva Lopes, Katharina, Agnieszka Pietas, Michael H. Radke, and Michael Gotthardt. "Titin visualization in real time reveals an unexpected level of mobility within and between sarcomeres." Journal of Cell Biology 193, no. 4 (2011): 785–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201010099.

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The giant muscle protein titin is an essential structural component of the sarcomere. It forms a continuous periodic backbone along the myofiber that provides resistance to mechanical strain. Thus, the titin filament has been regarded as a blueprint for sarcomere assembly and a prerequisite for stability. Here, a novel titin-eGFP knockin mouse provided evidence that sarcomeric titin is more dynamic than previously suggested. To study the mobility of titin in embryonic and neonatal cardiomyocytes, we used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and investigated the contribution of protein synthesis, contractility, and calcium load to titin motility. Overall, the kinetics of lateral and longitudinal movement of titin-eGFP were similar. Whereas protein synthesis and developmental stage did not alter titin dynamics, there was a strong, inhibitory effect of calcium on titin mobility. Our results suggest a model in which the largely unrestricted movement of titin within and between sarcomeres primarily depends on calcium, suggesting that fortification of the titin filament system is activity dependent.

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Machado, Cristina, and Deborah J. Andrew. "D-Titin." Journal of Cell Biology 151, no. 3 (2000): 639–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.151.3.639.

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Previously, we reported that chromosomes contain a giant filamentous protein, which we identified as titin, a component of muscle sarcomeres. Here, we report the sequence of the entire titin gene in Drosophila melanogaster, D-Titin, and show that it encodes a two-megadalton protein with significant colinear homology to the NH2-terminal half of vertebrate titin. Mutations in D-Titin cause chromosome undercondensation, chromosome breakage, loss of diploidy, and premature sister chromatid separation. Additionally, D-Titin mutants have defects in myoblast fusion and muscle organization. The phenotypes of the D-Titin mutants suggest parallel roles for titin in both muscle and chromosome structure and elasticity, and provide new insight into chromosome structure.

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Gregorio, Carol C., Karoly Trombitás, Thomas Centner, et al. "The NH2 Terminus of Titin Spans the Z-Disc: Its Interaction with a Novel 19-kD Ligand (T-cap) Is Required for Sarcomeric Integrity." Journal of Cell Biology 143, no. 4 (1998): 1013–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.143.4.1013.

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Titin is a giant elastic protein in vertebrate striated muscles with an unprecedented molecular mass of 3–4 megadaltons. Single molecules of titin extend from the Z-line to the M-line. Here, we define the molecular layout of titin within the Z-line; the most NH2-terminal 30 kD of titin is located at the periphery of the Z-line at the border of the adjacent sarcomere, whereas the subsequent 60 kD of titin spans the entire width of the Z-line. In vitro binding studies reveal that mammalian titins have at least four potential binding sites for α-actinin within their Z-line spanning region. Titin filaments may specify Z-line width and internal structure by varying the length of their NH2-terminal overlap and number of α-actinin binding sites that serve to cross-link the titin and thin filaments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the NH2-terminal titin Ig repeats Z1 and Z2 in the periphery of the Z-line bind to a novel 19-kD protein, referred to as titin-cap. Using dominant-negative approaches in cardiac myocytes, both the titin Z1-Z2 domains and titin-cap are shown to be required for the structural integrity of sarcomeres, suggesting that their interaction is critical in titin filament–regulated sarcomeric assembly.

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Cadar, Adrian G., Tromondae K. Feaster, Kevin R. Bersell, et al. "Real-time visualization of titin dynamics reveals extensive reversible photobleaching in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 318, no. 1 (2020): C163—C173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00107.2019.

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Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) has been useful in delineating cardiac myofilament biology, and innovations in fluorophore chemistry have expanded the array of microscopic assays used. However, one assumption in FRAP is the irreversible photobleaching of fluorescent proteins after laser excitation. Here we demonstrate reversible photobleaching regarding the photoconvertible fluorescent protein mEos3.2. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to knock-in mEos3.2 into the COOH terminus of titin to visualize sarcomeric titin incorporation and turnover. Upon cardiac induction, the titin-mEos3.2 fusion protein is expressed and integrated in the sarcomeres of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs). STORM imaging shows M-band clustered regions of bound titin-mEos3.2 with few soluble titin-mEos3.2 molecules. FRAP revealed a baseline titin-mEos3.2 fluorescence recovery of 68% and half-life of ~1.2 h, suggesting a rapid exchange of sarcomeric titin with soluble titin. However, paraformaldehyde-fixed and permeabilized titin-mEos3.2 hiPSC-CMs surprisingly revealed a 55% fluorescence recovery. Whole cell FRAP analysis in paraformaldehyde-fixed, cycloheximide-treated, and untreated titin-mEos3.2 hiPSC-CMs displayed no significant differences in fluorescence recovery. FRAP in fixed HEK 293T expressing cytosolic mEos3.2 demonstrates a 58% fluorescence recovery. These data suggest that titin-mEos3.2 is subject to reversible photobleaching following FRAP. Using a mouse titin-eGFP model, we demonstrate that no reversible photobleaching occurs. Our results reveal that reversible photobleaching accounts for the majority of titin recovery in the titin-mEos3.2 hiPSC-CM model and should warrant as a caution in the extrapolation of reliable FRAP data from specific fluorescent proteins in long-term cell imaging.

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Huang, Song, Sujuan Liu, Yanmei Niu, and Li Fu. "Scriptaid/exercise-induced lysine acetylation is another type of posttranslational modification occurring in titin." Journal of Applied Physiology 128, no. 2 (2020): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00617.2019.

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Titin serves important functions in skeletal muscle during exercise, and posttranslational modifications of titin participate in the regulation of titin-based sarcomeric functions. Scriptaid has exercise-like effects through the inhibition of HDAC and regulatory acetylation of proteins. However, it remains mostly unclear if exercise could result in titin’s acetylation and whether Scriptaid could regulate acetylation of titin. We treated C57BL/6 mice with 6-wk treadmill exercise and 6-wk Scriptaid administration to explore Scriptaid’s effects on mice exercise capacity and whether Scriptaid administration/exercise could induce titin’s acetylation modification. An exercise endurance test was conducted to explore their effects on mice exercise capacity, and proteomic studies were conducted with gastrocnemius muscle tissue of mice from different groups to explore titin’s acetylation modification. We found that Scriptaid and exercise did not change titin’s protein expression, but they did induce acetylation modification changes of titin. In total, 333 acetylated lysine sites were identified. Exercise changed the acetylation levels of 33 lysine sites of titin, whereas Scriptaid changed acetylation levels of 31 titin lysine sites. Exercise treatment and Scriptaid administration shared 11 lysine sites. In conclusion, Scriptaid increased exercise endurance of mice by increasing the time mice spent running to fatigue. Acetylation is a common type of posttranslational modification of titin, and exercise/Scriptaid changed the acetylation levels of titin and titin-interacting proteins. Most importantly, titin may be a mediator through which Scriptaid and exercise modulate the properties and functions of exercise-induced skeletal muscle at the molecular level. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Scriptaid administration increased mouse exercise endurance. Acetylation is another type of posttranslational modification of titin. Scriptaid/exercise changed acetylation levels of titin and titin-interacting proteins. Titin may mediate exercise-induced skeletal muscle properties and functions.

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Rudolph, Franziska, Judith Hüttemeister, Katharina da Silva Lopes, et al. "Resolving titin’s lifecycle and the spatial organization of protein turnover in mouse cardiomyocytes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 50 (2019): 25126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904385116.

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Cardiac protein homeostasis, sarcomere assembly, and integration of titin as the sarcomeric backbone are tightly regulated to facilitate adaptation and repair. Very little is known on how the >3-MDa titin protein is synthesized, moved, inserted into sarcomeres, detached, and degraded. Here, we generated a bifluorescently labeled knockin mouse to simultaneously visualize both ends of the molecule and follow titin’s life cycle in vivo. We find titin mRNA, protein synthesis and degradation compartmentalized toward the Z-disk in adult, but not embryonic cardiomyocytes. Originating at the Z-disk, titin contributes to a soluble protein pool (>15% of total titin) before it is integrated into the sarcomere lattice. Titin integration, disintegration, and reintegration are stochastic and do not proceed sequentially from Z-disk to M-band, as suggested previously. Exchange between soluble and integrated titin depends on titin protein composition and differs between individual cardiomyocytes. Thus, titin dynamics facilitate embryonic vs. adult sarcomere remodeling with implications for cardiac development and disease.

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Ahmed, S. Hinan, and Merry L. Lindsey. "Titin Phosphorylation." Circulation Research 105, no. 7 (2009): 611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.109.206912.

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LeWinter, Martin M., and Henk Granzier. "Cardiac Titin." Circulation 121, no. 19 (2010): 2137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.860171.

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Lecler, Augustin, Mickael Obadia, and Jean-Claude Sadik. "TIPIC syndrome." Neurology 89, no. 15 (2017): 1646–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004502.

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