Academic literature on the topic 'Tipos de Agr'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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Subovsky, Martha J., Alicia E. Castillo, Ángela Sosa López, and Nelly Cano. "Importancia de la calidad de la miel." Agrotecnia, no. 9 (September 4, 2002): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.09470.
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La miel es la sustancia dulce producida por las abejas obreras a partir del néctar de las flores o dela exudación de otras partes vivas de las flores presentes en ellas, que dichas abejas recogen, transforman y combinan con sustancias específicas, y almacenan después en panales. La miel es un producto natural ideal para la alimentación, porque en su composición química existen azúcares simples como la glucosa (40%) y fructosa (35%), que no necesitan transformación por los jugos gástricos para ser digeridos. Una vez ingerida, pueden ser asimilados y pasar a la sangre. donde proporcionan calor y energía (Bianchi, 1994). También se pueden encontrar otros tipos de azúcares como la sacarosa, maltosa y melicitosa.
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Ciotti, Elsa M., María E. Castelán, Carlos E. Tomei, Diego Masat, and Osvaldo Melgratti. "Efecto del sistema de labranza en el establecimiento de Stylosanthes guianensis CIAT 184." Agrotecnia, no. 8 (August 4, 2002): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.08474.
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El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del sistema de labranza en el establecimiento de Stylosanthes guianensis CIAT 184. Los tratamientos fueron tres sistemas de labranza (labranza cero, mínima y convencional) combinado con dos grados de compactación. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar en parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones. En la parcela principal se analiza el grado de compactación y la subparcela el sistema de labranza. Los resultados fueron analizados con variancia y las medias fueron probadas con el test de Tukey (P<0.05). Se registraron número de plantas/m2, porcentaje de cobertura y producción de forraje. No se detectaron diferencias respecto al grado de compactación. Se detectaron efectos significativos entre tipos de labranzas. El porcentaje de cobertura en labranza cero y labranza mínima fue 50% superior al tratamiento labranza convencional. El tratamiento de labranza mínima tuvo el mayor número de plantas (32 pl/m2). Los máximos rendimientos de MS se obtuvieron con labranza cero y mínima (x= 4200 kg/ha). El mínimo rendimiento se registró con labranza convencional (2144 kg/ha). También hubieron diferencias significativas en la cantidad de malezas registradas entre tratamientos, siendo mínimo en labranza cero. Se recomienda la siembra con labranza mínima o cero para asegurar el establecimiento de esta forrajera.
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Comolli, Javier A., Alfredo O. González, Carlos H. Agüero, Sebastián Sánchez, and Juan P. Roux. "LARVICULTURA DE SÁBALO (Prochilodus lineatus) CON DIFERENTES TIEMPOS EN LABORATORIO Y ESTANQUE." Agrotecnia, no. 28 (December 19, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.0284070.
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<p>El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la supervivencia (TS), peso medio(PM) y biomasa (BM) producida en larvicultura de sábalo (Prochilodus lineatus) con diferentes tiempos de permanencia en laboratorio y estanques. La experiencia se llevó a cabo en las instalaciones del Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste (INICNE). Tuvo una duración de 35 días. Las larvas utilizadas tenían tres días de eclosión. El ensayo conto con cinco tratamientos: T1 (estanque durante 35 días); T2 (7 días en laboratorio y 28 días en estanque); T3 (14 días en laboratorio y 21 días en estanque); T4 (21 días de laboratorio y 14 días de estanque); T5 (21 días en laboratorio y 14 días en estanque, con diferentes tipos de alimento en la etapa de laboratorio). En la etapa de laboratorio a los peces se les suministró alimento balanceado con 28% de proteína bruta, excepto el T5 que fue alimentado con nauplios de Artemia salina. En estanque la dieta consistió en el mismo alimento balanceado más la producción primaria del estanque. Para el laboratorio se acondicionaron acuarios con 5 litros de agua, con renovación y aireación continua. La densidad de peces fue de 100 larvas por litro. En estanque se acondicionaron jaulas con una densidad 90ejemplares por jaula. Cada tratamiento tuvo tres replicas. Se procedió al recuento y pesaje de la totalidad de los peces, datos que se emplearon para estimar la TS, PM y BM. De los 5 tratamientos el T1, T2 y T3 no tuvieron diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) para las tres variables estudiadas. En cambio, T5 tuvo una TS (98,52%) que se diferenció (p≥0,05) de T4 (53,33%). T3 se diferenció significativamente en PM (1,02g) de T5 (0,30g) y en Biomasa (69,55g) de T4 (32,79g) y T5 (26,61g). La combinación de larvicultura en laboratorio hasta 14 días y luego en estanques en cuanto a TS, PM y Biomasa es aceptable a nivel productivo. Se apreció una elevada heterogeneidad de tamaños en los tratamientos con alimento balanceado, no así en el T5. La alimentación con A. salina hasta 21 días mostró una alta TS, pero muy bajos PM y Biomasa.</p>
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Solís-Lucas, L. A., M. R. Lanari, and M. I. Oyarzabal. "Caracterización fenotípica de la población caprina de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador." Archivos de Zootecnia 69, no. 265 (January 15, 2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v69i265.5035.
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Se propuso tipificar fenotípicamente a las cabras de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador, y probar si existían diferentes fenotipos. Se muestrearon 344 animales en distintos tipos de sistemas productivos y se observaron las siguientes variables: a) morfológicas: patrón y color de capa (PCA, CCA); pelaje y características del pelaje (PEL, CPEL); pigmentación de piel, mucosas y pezuñas (PPI, PMU, PPE); tamaño y disposición de orejas (TOR, DOR); perfil craneal (PCR); mamelas (MAM); barba (BAR); tipo y orientación de cuernos (TCU, OCU); grupa (GRU); b) morfo-estructurales: longitud y ancho de cabeza (LCB, ACB); largo de cara (LCA); longitud de oreja (LOR); ancho de hombros (AHO); profundidad y perímetro del tórax (PRT, PET); perímetro de caña (PC); longitud del cuerpo (LCR); altura a la cruz (ACR); longitud y ancho de grupa (LGR, AGR). Los análisis multivariados mostraron 3 grupos: 1) animales pequeños; CCA: colorada (35%), variada (33%); PMU (43%); BAR (44%); PCR recto (83%); TOR pequeñas (89%); DOR: horizontal (47%), hacia adelante (42%); TCU arqueados (68%); GRU semiplana (89%). 2) animales más anchos y largos; altura mediana; CCA: negra (38%), colorada (35%); PCR: recto (55%), subconvexo (34%); TOR: pequeñas (37%), medianas (38%); DOR: horizontal, hacia adelante y caídas (84%); TCU: arqueados (58%), curvos (38%); GRU semiplana (71%). 3) animales más altos; mayor LGR y PC; PMU (25%); BAR (19%); CCA: colorada (42%), negra (36%); PCR: subconvexo (58%), recto (39%); TOR: largas (51%), caídas (64%); TCU: arqueados (45%), rectos (43%); GRU semiplana (75%). El Grupo 1 correspondió al biotipo más antiguo de Santa Elena que representaría el fenotipo Criollo, los otros dos, serían el resultado de cruzamientos debidos a introducciones de otras razas procedentes principalmente de Loja (sur de Ecuador) y Perú.
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Balbi, Celsa N., Pedro A. García, Abel R. Ferrero, and J. Bonilla. "Calidad de diferentes híbridos de Maíz Colorado o "Flint" para la industria cervecera en la Provincia de Corrientes." Agrotecnia, no. 16 (April 26, 2006): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.016422.
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La industrialización del maíz es una de las actividades agroindustriales que genera mayor valor agregado, por su gran número de productos y subproductos. La industria de la molienda seca exige un grano de rinda grandes proporcionales de fracciones gruesas (“grits”) que serán destinados a la elaboración de copos para desayuno, a la industria cervecera, sémolas para alimentación humana y harinas diversas. El maíz colorado duro, “flint” o “plata argentino” reúne las cualidades, ya que se fragmenta en trozos de mayor granulometría que el maíz dentado. En nuestra región, en los últimos años la industria cervecera ha incrementado la posibilidad de comercializar localmente maíz de este tipo. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de aportar información en la zona sobre los atributos de calidad para industria de diferentes híbridos de maíz del tipo duro más usados en la zona. El experimento se realizó en San Miguel, Provincia de Corrientes, en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones de tamaño de parcelas de 9 líneas cada una y 200 metros de longitud. Se sembraron 13 híbridos, densidad 60.000 pl.ha-1 a 52 cm. y se determinó altura de planta y espiga, rendimiento final y en grano se determinó % de humedad, peso hectolítrico, % de grasas e índice de flotación. Los híbridos evaluados presentaron buen comportamiento agronómico pero no califican para ser utilizados en la industria cervecera por su baja dureza o sea, un alto índice de flotación (200 a 733).
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Collavino, Agostina A., Jorge L. Florentin, José E. Gaiad, and Paula Alayón Luaces. "Desarrollo vegetativo y fenología del mamón (Carica papaya L.) bajo dos condiciones de cultivo." Agrotecnia, no. 23 (October 19, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.023591.
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La región NEA cuenta con zonas aptas para el cultivo de mamón, sin embargo las condiciones durante el invierno hacen que estos cultivos sean destinados principalmente a la industria. Las bajas temperaturas y más aún las heladas, son los principales factores limitantes para la producción de este cultivo en zonas subtropicales. Sin embargo en el NEA y en Corrientes en particular, el uso de invernaderos favorecería el desarrollo de este cultivo. Las condiciones micro-meteorológicas en este tipo de sistemas de producción se modifican por el forzado traduciéndose estas modificaciones en un comportamiento diferente del cultivo comparado con su producción al aire libre. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el desarrollo vegetativo y la fenología del cultivo de mamón bajo dos condiciones de cultivo, en invernadero y al aire libre. Se realizó la comparación entre dos tratamientos de mamón cv. Formosa: uno en condiciones de aire libre y otro en invernadero. Se midió el crecimiento vegetativo a través de la: Altura de planta; Número de hojas; Número de nudos; Volumen de copa; Diámetro de tronco y se realizó el seguimiento fenológico. Las condiciones de cultivo bajo invernadero favorecieron el desarrollo vegetativo, principalmente en altura de planta y volumen de copa en comparación con el cultivo al aire libre. La entrada en producción en condiciones de invernadero fue antes de los meses de menor temperatura. Las plantas que crecieron al aire libre presentaron un periodo desde floración a cuajado de frutos más extenso que aquellas cultivadas en invernadero, afectando la entrada en producción coincidente con los meses más fríos del año.
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Pereda, María M., María J. Iermanó, Fernando A. Fleita, Carolina Almada, and Silvia Ortíz. "Investigación-acción participativa implementando el método Lume: Evaluación de un sistema familiar agroecológico (Bella Vista, Corrientes, Argentina)." Agrotecnia, no. 30 (December 21, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.0304655.
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<p>En el centro-oeste de la provincia de Corrientes, la expansión del modelo de agricultura convencional representó un quiebre de las producciones para autoconsumo. Sin embargo, aún persisten agricultores familiares diversificados para autoconsumo y comercialización, como las familias productoras del Grupo Agroecológico Las Tres Colonias. Estos agroecosistemas no pueden evaluarse únicamente a través de la rentabilidad o la productividad, ya que los objetivos se rigen por elementos extraeconómicos. Una propuesta adecuada para ello es el método de análisis económico-ecológico de agroecosistemas (método Lume). El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar un agroecosistema familiar diversificado de tipo agroecológico, desde un enfoque participativo e integral. En el marco de una Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), se implementó el método Lume para el estudio de un caso. En la IAP participaron INCUPO, el Grupo Agroecológico Las Tres Colonias y el Consejo de Garantía Participativa (CGP). Se realizó el croquis, la línea de tiempo, el diagrama de flujos y el análisis de los atributos de sustentabilidad. El análisis de la trayectoria permitió identificar momentos claves que determinaron el cambio de la configuración del agroecosistema. El diagrama de flujos reconfirmó a la diversidad como estrategia familiar de comercialización y de autoconsumo. El análisis de atributos sistémicos mostró buenos valores de sustentabilidad (0,84). La evaluación confirmó que una metodología que integre los aspectos socioculturales es más adecuada para los agroecosistemas familiares, y que un abordaje participativo facilita la construcción del conocimiento integrando los conocimientos no académicos a los procesos formales.</p>
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Marques, Viviane F., Miliane M. S. de Souza, Elaine C. L. de Mendonça, Tatiani Abreu de Alencar, Bruno Rocha Pribul, Shana de M. de O. Coelho, Mirta Lasagno, and Elina B. Reinoso. "Análise fenotípica e genotípica da virulência de Staphylococcus spp. e de sua dispersão clonal como contribuição ao estudo da mastite bovina." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, no. 2 (February 2013): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013000200005.
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A mastite é uma inflamação da glândula mamária causada principalmente por bactérias, dentre as quais o gênero Staphylococcus ocupa um papel importante. Bactérias pertencentes a este gênero são caracterizadas por expressar fatores de virulência que permitem sua persistência e disseminação no hospedeiro. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar fenogenotipicamente os fatores de virulência de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. a partir de casos de mastite bovina. Foram analisadas 272 amostras de leite provenientes de oito propriedades da região Sul-Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Após identificação, obteve-se um total de 250 isolados de Staphylococcus spp. Estes foram submetidos às provas fenotípicas de detecção da produção de "slime" em microplaca e em ágar vermelho congo; produção de hemolisinas e sinergismo hemolítico; produção de caseinase e DNase. Posteriormente foram submetidos à técnica de PCR para detecção dos genes de produção de cápsula (cap5 e cap8), fibronectina (fnbA,e fnbB), "slime" (icaA e icaD) e hemolisinas (hla e hlb). Do total avaliado, 58% (145/250) foi identificado como Staphylococcus spp. coagulase-negativos e 42% (105/250) como Staphylococcus spp. coagulase-positivos, destes 36,2% (38/105) foram identificados como S. aureus, 11,4% (12/105) como S. intermedius e 3,8% (4/105) como pertencentes ao grupo SIG. Apenas 6,4% (16/250) dos isolados foram produtores de α-hemólise, 4,8% (12/250) de β-hemólise e, 1,6% (4/250) de α e β-hemólise. A produção de caseinase foi observada em 66,4% (166/250), e a produção de "slime" avaliada pela técnica da microplaca em 76,8% (192/250) dos isolados, respectivamente. A DNase foi detectada em ECNs (38/145) e S. aureus (14/38). Os marcadores genéticos avaliados para a produção de slime, icaA e icaD apresentaram nenhuma ou leve concordância com a produção fenotípica, respectivamente, utilizando o coeficiente Kappa. Tal dado parece indicar que outros marcadores genéticos podem estar envolvidos com a expressão desta característica. Os demais genes detectados com frequência de 4% (10/250) para cap5 e para cap8, 32,8% (82/250) para fnbA, 4,4% (11/250) para fnbB, 19,2% (48/250) para hla e 18% (45/250) para hlb. O perfil circulante nas propriedades foi o 1: isolado produtor de "slime" e caseinase. O gene spaA foi positivo em todos os S. aureus, apresentando amplicons de tamanhos variados, sendo o tamanho prevalente o de 300pb. A amplificação do gene coa apresentou nove tipos polimórficos distintos, sendo prevalente o amplicon de 600pb. O gene agr foi detectado em todos os S. aureus, com amplicon de 200pb. Foi observado que os genes de virulência estudados estavam distribuídos de modo aleatório entreos 6 distintos perfis eletroforéticos obtidos através da Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE).
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Castrichini, A., V. Hodigere Siddaramaiah, D. E. Calderon, J. E. Cooper, T. Wilson, and Y. Lemmens. "Preliminary investigation of use of flexible folding wing tips for static and dynamic load alleviation." Aeronautical Journal 121, no. 1235 (November 21, 2016): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2016.108.
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ABSTRACTA recent consideration in aircraft design is the use of folding wing-tips with the aim of enabling higher aspect ratio aircraft with less induced drag while also meeting airport gate limitations. This study investigates the effect of exploiting folding wing-tips in flight as a device to reduce both static and dynamic loads. A representative civil jet aircraft aeroelastic model was used to explore the effect of introducing a wing-tip device, connected to the wings with an elastic hinge, on the load behaviour. For the dynamic cases, vertical discrete gusts and continuous turbulence were considered. The effects of hinge orientation, stiffness, damping and wing-tip weight on the static and dynamic response were investigated. It was found that significant reductions in both the static and dynamic loads were possible. For the case considered, a 25% increase in span using folding wing-tips resulted in almost no increase in loads.
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Changazzo, Juliana A., and Cristina R. Salgado Laurenti. "Preferencias alimentarias de Apis mellifera L. en el Chaco Semihúmedo Central." Agrotecnia, no. 28 (December 19, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.0284071.
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<p>Trabajo Final de Graduación para optar por el título de Ingeniera Agrónoma</p><p>La relación insecto-planta es interesante de conocer, por cuanto nos revela las preferencias alimenticias de la abeja. El polen es la principal fuente de proteínas y lípidos para las abejas, es recogido con gran intensidad en el período primaveral para elaborar el “pan de las abejas” coincidiendo con el desarrollo de las larvas y el crecimiento de la colonia. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue conocer la variabilidad florística de las cargas polínicas aprovechadas por Apis mellifera en la localidad de General Pinedo, provincia del Chaco. Las muestras fueron tomadas semanalmente en el periodo apícola 2014 - 2015, se utilizaron trampas caza-polen colocadas en la entrada de 3 (tres) colmenas. Se procesaron, con la técnica de acetólisis, 18 muestras en total. Cada muestra fue pesada y luego fue deshidratada por el método de liofilizado para su conservación. Posteriormente, las muestras fueron separadas y clasificadas por color en 66 submuestras. Todas las observaciones, descripciones y análisis se realizaron con microscopio óptico Leica CME y se obtuvieron fotografías digitales de los granos de polen con la cámara Leica ICC50W del equipo Leica DM500 y con microscopio electrónico de barrido JEOL 5800LV. Algunas cargas corbiculares fueron seleccionadas para evaluar su contenido de nitrógeno y proteína total mediante el Método Kjeldahl. Los resultados obtenidos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivos y multivariados. Se realizaron análisis de componentes principales (PCA) y análisis de agrupamiento, utilizando distancia de Jaccard y el algoritmo UPGMA para la elaboración del dendrograma. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las preferencias de Apis estuvo representada por 31 taxa, de los cuales se identificaron 23 a nivel específico, 5 a nivel genérico, 2 a tipo polínico y 1 no pudo ser determinado taxonómicamente. Las familias vegetales identificadas fueron 18, las Fabaceae y Asteraceae fueron las mejor representadas en número de especies, en coincidencia con otras regiones fitogeográficas del país. El 81% son especies nativas y el 19% son exóticas. Los estudios de contenido proteico de las cargas corbiculares realizados en este trabajo aportan información acerca de la capacidad nutricional de las especies nativas. Finalmente, a partir de los resultados obtenidos resulta interesante y necesario continuar con estudios de esta temática para conocer detalladamente</p><p>las propiedades nutricionales del polen que disponen las abejas de esta región.</p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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Zanette, Juliano Br?s. "Identifica??o de Gen?tipos de Capim-Elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) de Alta Produ??o de Biomassa com Qualidade para Fins Energ?ticos." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2527.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil.
The production of plant biomass for alternative renewable energy currently represents a great challenge to research. The release of CO2 from its use constitutes only the CO2 recycling that was removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis, which in the long term, represents a valuable alternative for bio-energy. Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is, among grasses, that with possibly the highest capacity for dry matter production, with other favorable characteristics for energy production. The aim of this study was to identify elephant grass genotypes with high biomass production and nitrogen accumulation under the inoculation with a mixture of N2-fixing bacteria. Two studies were conducted in Serop?dica, Rio de Janeiro State. The first experiment was conducted in a concrete tank filled with a Ndeficient Acrisol. The experimental design was randomized blocks in split plots with four replications. The plots consisted of the inoculation treatments (inoculated and uninoculated), and sub-plots for the five elephant grass genotypes: Cameroon, BAG 02, Roxo, Clone CNPGL 93 41 1 and CNPGL 91 F06-3. The second experiment was carried out on a Planosol and the two genotypes, BAG 02 and Cameroon, with inoculation treatments, inoculation + 100 kg of N ha-1, 100 kg of N ha-1 and a zero N control. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial model with four replications. In these studies the following results were obtained: 1. Dry matter production (DM) ranged from 16 to 41 Mg of MS ha-1 year-1 when the varieties were grown in the Acrisol. In the Planosol the dry biomass varied between 48 and 56 Mg MS ha-1 in two crops over a 11-month period of cultivation. 2. In relation to the total N accumulated in shoots, the values ranged between 64 and 158 kg ha-1 when the genotypes were grown in Acrisol and between 297 and 441 kg ha-1 when the genotypes were cultivated in the Planosol. For these parameters, N accumulation and biomass yield, the best genotypes were: CNPGL F 06-3 and Cameroon followed by CNPGL 93 41 1 and BAG 02 genotype. 3. The C/N ratio was directly influenced by soil type, and the ratio observed in the Acrisol was approximately 50% higher when compared to the Planosol. 4. The calorific value and fiber content, cellulose, lignin and ash, which are related to the quality of the material, in general were not affected by genotype, or by treatment. The elephant grass biomass had positive qualitative and quantitative characteristics to be used for renewable energy production and the Cameron CNPGL F 06-3 genotype, followed by BAG CNPGL 93 41 02 genotype were the most promising. The genotypes studied no showed response of biomass production or N accumulation to inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria.
A produ??o de material energ?tico alternativo renov?vel, tal como a biomassa vegetal, representa hoje um dos grandes desafios para a pesquisa. No caso da biomassa, a libera??o de CO2 pelo seu uso representa apenas a reciclagem do CO2 que foi retirado da atmosfera pela fotoss?ntese, indicando que, em longo prazo, esta ser? uma das alternativas energ?ticas mais seguras. O capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) est? entre as gram?neas de maior capacidade de produ??o de mat?ria seca, com caracter?sticas qualitativas favor?veis para a produ??o de energia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar gen?tipos de capim-elefante para alto rendimento de biomassa, ac?mulo de N sob a inocula??o das plantas com uma mistura de bact?rias diazotr?ficas. Foram realizados dois estudos de campo localizados no munic?pio de Serop?dica, RJ. O primeiro experimento realizado em um tanque de concreto preenchido com Argissolo pobre em N dispon?vel. O delineamento experimental foi o de Blocos ao Acaso em parcelas divididas, com quatro repeti??es. As parcelas constitu?das pelos tratamentos de inocula??o (inoculado e n?o inoculado), e as sub-parcelas compostas pelos cinco gen?tipos de capim-elefante: Cameroon, BAG 02, Roxo, Clone CNPGL 93 41 1 e CNPGL 91 F06-3. No segundo experimento, realizado no campo em um Planossolo, os dois gen?tipos, BAG 02 e Cameroon foram avaliados sob os tratamentos de inocula??o, inocula??o + 100 kg de N.ha-1, 100 kg de N.ha-1, e o controle. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de Blocos ao Acaso em esquema fatorial com quatro repeti??es. Nestes estudos encontraram-se os seguintes resultados: 1. A produ??o de mat?ria seca (MS) que variou entre 16 e 41 Mg de MS.ha-1.ano-1, quando os gen?tipos foram cultivados no Argissolo. No Planossolo, o rendimento de biomassa seca variou entre 48 e 56 Mg.MS.ha-1 sob duas colheitas realizadas, em 11 meses de cultivo. 2. Em rela??o ao total de N acumulado na parte a?rea, os valores variaram entre 64 e 158 kg.ha-1 quando os gen?tipos foram cultivados no Argissolo, e entre 297 e 441 kg.ha-1 quando os gen?tipos foram cultivados no Planossolo. Para os par?metros, ac?mulo de N e rendimento de biomassa, os gen?tipos que mais se destacaram foram: CNPGL F 06-3 e Cameroon seguido dos gen?tipos BAG 02 e CNPGL 93 41 1. 3. A rela??o C/N foi influenciada diretamente pelo tipo de solo, sendo que no Argissolo as rela??es encontradas foram em torno de 50% maiores, quando comparadas com o Planossolo. 4. O poder calor?fico e os teores de fibra, celulose, lignina e cinzas, que est?o relacionados ? parte qualitativa do material, em geral, n?o foram influenciados pelos gen?tipos, nem pelos tratamentos avaliados. A biomassa do capim-elefante apresentou caracter?sticas qualitativas e quantitativas positivas para ser utilizado na produ??o de energia renov?vel, sendo os gen?tipos CNPGL F 06-3 e Cameron, seguido dos gen?tipos BAG 02 e CNPGL 93 41 1 os mais indicados. Os gen?tipos em estudo n?o apresentaram resposta para rendimento e acumula??o de N pela biomassa ? inocula??o com bact?rias diazotr?ficas.
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Machado, Alessandra de Lima. "Toxidez do alum?nio e efici?ncia de diferentes tipos de poda em Bauhinia variegata L." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2084.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The evaluation of toxicity caused by aluminum (Al) trees used in urban forestry is of great importance for the development of seedlings and plantings in appropriate conditions. The tree species Bauhinia variegata L. is commonly used in urban afforestation, requiring knowledge of their nutritional requirements and conflicts related to the presence of trees on the streets, for example, interference in the electricity distribution networks. Pruning is the main practice management done on trees planted in the streets. Optimizing the pruning process can generate benefits such as less frequent pruning, lower cost and higher efficiency, especially for the energy sector. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of Al in the development of Bauhinia variegata seedlings, and analyze the effectiveness of different types of pruning cut with or without the use of Al, in order to reduce shoots. This study was developed in two stages, resulting in two chapters. The first, directly related to mineral nutrition, with the study aimed to investigate the effects of Al toxicity on growth and root development. Experiments were performed in simple and complete nutrient solution and in acid soil substrate. The second chapter presents the study to assess the effectiveness of different types of pruning cut made in adult plants of Bauhinia variegata, with and without the use of Al as a growth inhibitor. The results indicated that this species is sensitive to the toxicity of Al from the concentration of 50 ?M, being observed decrease in root growth rate and relative root elongation. The critical dose to paralyze Al root growth were 151,48 ?M of Al in simple nutrient solution and 388,72 ?M of Al in complete nutrient solution. Al caused increase in the diameter of the roots of seedlings from the concentration at 400 ?M solution. The application of limestone in acid soil favored the growth of plants of Bauhinia variegata, resulting in higher dry matter weight values of root and shoot dry mass weight. When pruning was held close to the trunk and Al application shoots were not observed until the last evaluation at 210 days after pruning. In pruning held close to the trunk without Al application occurred shoots. In the cuttings leaving stump 20 and 40 cm, with or without the application of Al occurred shoots
A avalia??o da toxidez causada pelo alum?nio (Al) em ?rvores utilizadas na arboriza??o urbana ? de grande import?ncia para o desenvolvimento de mudas e plantios em condi??es adequadas. A esp?cie arb?rea Bauhinia variegata L., ? comumente utilizada na arboriza??o de urbana, sendo necess?rio o conhecimento das suas exig?ncias nutricionais e dos conflitos relacionados ? presen?a das ?rvores nas ruas, como, por exemplo, a interfer?ncia nas redes de distribui??o de energia el?trica. A poda ? a principal pr?tica de manejo realizada nas ?rvores plantadas nas ruas. A otimiza??o do processo de podas pode gerar benef?cios como menor frequ?ncia de podas, menor custo e maior efici?ncia, especialmente para o setor el?trico. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a influ?ncia do Al no desenvolvimento de mudas de Bauhinia variegata, e analisar a efici?ncia de diferentes tipos de corte em poda associado ou n?o ao uso de Al, de modo a diminuir brota??es. Estes estudos foram desenvolvidos em duas etapas, resultando assim em dois cap?tulos. O primeiro, relacionado diretamente ? nutri??o mineral, com o estudo direcionado ? investiga??o dos efeitos da toxidez do Al no crescimento e desenvolvimento de ra?zes. Foram realizados experimentos em solu??o nutritiva simples e completa e em substrato de solo ?cido. O segundo cap?tulo apresenta o estudo de avalia??o da efici?ncia de diferentes tipos de corte em podas realizadas em plantas adultas de Bauhinia variegata, com e sem a utiliza??o de Al como inibidor de crescimento. Os resultados indicaram que esta esp?cie ? sens?vel ? toxidez do Al a partir da concentra??o de 50 ?M, sendo observada diminui??o na taxa de crescimento radicular e na elonga??o radicular relativa. As doses cr?tica de Al que paralisaria o crescimento radicular foram de 151,48 ?M de Al em solu??o nutritiva simples e de 388,72 ?M de Al em solu??o nutritiva completa. O Al provocou aumento do di?metro das ra?zes de mudas a partir da concentra??o em solu??o de 400 ?M. A aplica??o de calc?rio em solo ?cido favoreceu o crescimento de plantas de Bauhinia variegata, resultando em maiores valores de peso de massa seca de raiz e peso de massa seca de parte a?rea. Quando a poda foi realizada rente ao tronco principal e com aplica??o de Al n?o foram observadas brota??es at? a ?ltima avalia??o, aos 210 dias ap?s a poda. Na poda realizada rente ao tronco principal sem aplica??o de Al ocorreram brota??es. Nas podas deixando toco de 20 e 40 cm, com ou sem aplica??o de Al, ocorreram brota??es.
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Marques, Viviane Figueira. "Express?o g?nica na forma??o do biofilme e resist?ncia aos beta-lact?micos em isolados de Staphylococcus aureus provenientes de leite mast?tico bovino." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2065.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Staphylococcus spp. plays an important role in the etiology of bovine mastitis. Staphylococcus aureus is considered the most relevant specie due to the production of virulence factors such as ?slime?, which is required for biofilm formation. This study aimed to detect the phenotypic expression of the biofilm formation in 20 S. aureus isolates from bovine mastitis, to detect and quantify the expression of genes involved in its production and regulation, as well as to detect the phenogenotypic resistance to beta-lactam in order to evaluate the possible relation between biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance. The isolates were characterized by MALDI-TOF and phenogenotypic identification assays. Also they were submitted to the phenotypic tests to evaluate biofilm production and the susceptibility to beta-lactams. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration in the Biofilm (MICB) were determined to three isolates presenting distinct biofilm production. Futherly, a PCR for the detection of ?slime? production genes (icaA and icaD), Bap protein (bap), beta-lactamase (blaZ) and protein altered penicillin-binding (mecA). Also, the Agr system was typified (agr I, agr II, agr III and agr IV) and its regulator (agr RNAIII) was detected. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was performed to determine the most suitable time interval for biofilm analysis. Real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed at the chosen times to quantify the expression of icaA, icaD and hld genes in the three studied isolates. All 20 isolates were biofilm producers and most presented icaA and icaD genes. Only one isolate presented the bap gene. The agr gene type II presented a prevalence of 70%. The SEM showed gradual changes in bacterial arrangement during the biofilm formation along the phases of the growth curve. The peak was reached at the stationary phase. Transcriptional analysis revealed increased expression of ica genes at 8 h of growth and of hld at 24 h. However, for the N-365 strain the ica expression was of low yield. For this study, the penicillin resistance was related to the production of beta-lactamase otherwise the high MBC detected for cefoxitin may be associated to biofilm protection, evidentiated by the fact that the isolates have MICB values higher than MICs tested for planktonic cells
Staphylococcus spp. tem papel importante na etiologia da mastite bovina. Staphylococcus aureus ? considerada a esp?cie mais relevante devido ? produ??o de fatores de virul?ncia, tais como ?slime?, o que favorece a forma??o do biofilme. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo detectar a express?o fenot?pica da forma??o de biofilme em 20 isolados de S. aureus oriundos de mastite bovina, detectar e quantificar a express?o dos genes envolvidos na sua produ??o e regula??o, al?m de detectar a resist?ncia fenogenot?pica aos beta-lact?micos para avalia??o da poss?vel rela??o da produ??o de biofilme com a resist?ncia antimicrobiana. Os isolados foram caracterizados atrav?s de testes fenogenot?picos e MALDI-TOF, submetidos ?s provas fenot?picas de detec??o da forma??o de biofilme e avalia??o da suscetibilidade aos beta-lact?micos. A Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima (CIM), Concentra??o Bactericida M?nima (CBM) e a Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima no Biofilme (CIMB) foram determinadas para tr?s isolados selecionados com base na varia??o da intensidade da produ??o de biofilme. Posteriormente, todos os isolados foram submetidos ? t?cnica de PCR para detec??o dos genes de produ??o de ?slime? (icaA e icaD), prote?na Bap (bap), beta-lactamase (blaZ) e prote?na ligante de penicilina alterada (mecA). Al?m de detec??o do sistema regulador Agr (agr RNAIII) e da tipifica??o do sistema Agr (agr I, agr II, agr III e agr IV). Foi realizada Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV) para determinar o intervalo de tempo mais adequado para a an?lise do biofilme. A PCR em tempo real (qPCR) foi realizada nos tempos selecionados para quantificar a express?o dos genes icaA, icaD e hld em tr?s isolados com produ??o variada de biofilme. Todos os isolados foram produtores de biofilme e a maioria apresentou os genes icaA e icaD. Apenas um isolado apresentou o gene bap. O gene agr tipo II mostrou preval?ncia de 70%. A MEV mostrou mudan?as graduais no arranjo bacteriano durante a forma??o de biofilme ao longo das fases da curva de crescimento que atingiu seu pico de forma??o na fase estacion?ria. A an?lise transcricional evidenciou maior express?o dos genes ica no tempo de 8 h de crescimento e hld em 24 h. Contudo, a cepa N-365 mostrou baixa produ??o dos genes ica. Para este estudo, a resist?ncia ? penicilina foi relacionada com a produ??o de beta-lactamase, enquanto a elevada CBM detectada para cefoxitina pode estar associada ? prote??o que o biofilme oferece, epis?dio evidenciado pelo fato dos isolados apresentarem valores de CIMB superiores aos CIMs testados para as c?lulas planct?nicas.
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Azevedo, Alcinei Mistico. "Diverg?ncia, variabilidade gen?tica e desempenho agron?mico em gen?tipos de couve." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, 2012. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/566.
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Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:00:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 44.pdf: 1038198 bytes, checksum: 1b7fba547c6be60930f8890b4ac36734 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
Embora haja grande variabilidade gen?tica para a couve, s?o poucos trabalhos no Brasil que vis?o obter informa??es para programas de melhoramento gen?tico nesta cultura. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar 30 gen?tipos de couve a partir de caracteres morfo-agron?micos para estimar a diverg?ncia gen?tica, a import?ncia dos caracteres para a diverg?ncia, o desempenho agron?mico, os par?metros gen?ticos e a correla??o entre as caracter?sticas avaliadas. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repeti??es constitu?dos por cinco indiv?duos, avaliando-se 30 gen?tipos de couve a partir de 44 caracter?sticas. Observaram-se gen?tipos com grande diverg?ncia gen?tica entre si, sendo os gen?tipos UFLA-6 e UFVJM-24 os mais divergentes dos demais, contudo, a maioria dos gen?tipos s?o similares, o que evidencia uma base gen?tica restrita. O comprimento do pec?olo, propor??o da proje??o alada, o tom de roxo da superf?cie adaxial da nervura prim?ria, formato da margem foliar, n?mero de folhas totais, formato da base da folha e di?metro da base do pec?olo foram as caracter?sticas mais discriminantes quanto ? diverg?ncia gen?tica em gen?tipos de couve. Verificou-se variabilidade gen?tica entre os gen?tipos, com predomin?ncia dos efeitos gen?ticos sobre os ambientais, indicando a possibilidade de se obter ganhos gen?ticos representativos no melhoramento. O comprimento da folha, largura da folha, di?metro do pec?olo, ?rea foliar, altura da planta, n?mero de brota??es e massa seca da folha se apresentaram como as caracter?sticas mais importantes no melhoramento gen?tico da couve. Os gen?tipos comerciais apresentaram caracter?sticas distintas dos demais gen?tipos. Verificou-se destaque para o gen?tipo UFLA-11, que se apresentou entre os gen?tipos com maior tamanho de folha e produ??o de folhas comerciais.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013.
ABSTRACT Although there is large kale genetic variability there are few studies in Brazil aiming to obtain information of this culture for breeding programs purposes. Thus, this study aimed to characterize 30 kale genotypes from morpho-agronomic traits to estimate the genetic diversity, the importance of those traits for the divergence, the agronomic performance, the genetic parameters and the correlation between the evaluated characteristics. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), using a randomized block design with four replicates consisting of five individuals, evaluating 30 genotypes of kale from 44 features. Genotypes with significant genetic divergence were observed, and the genotypes UFLA-6 and UFVJM -24 were the ones most divergent from the others, however, most genotypes are similar, which shows a narrow genetic base. The petiole length, projection winged proportion, the purple shade of adaxial surface of the primary beam, form of leaf margins, number of leaves, shape of leaf base and diameter of the base of the petiole were the characteristics that stood out for genetic divergence in kale genotypes. There was observed significant genetic variability among genotypes, with a predominance of genetic effects over the environmental ones, indicating the possibility of obtaining representative genetic gains in breeding. The leaf length, leaf width, petiole?s diameter, leaf area, plant height, shoot number and dry weight of the leaves are presented as the most important features in the kale genetic improvement. The commercial genotypes showed distinct characteristics from the other genotypes. It stands for genotype UFLA-11, which appeared between genotypes with biggest leaf size and commercial leaf production.
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Dornas, Marcus Fl?vius Silva. "Sele??o de gen?tipos de batata-doce para a produ??o de silagem de ramas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, 2012. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/585.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce com potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o animal. Foram avaliados a produtividade de ramas e efeito do emuchecimento sobre a composi??o bromatol?gica e a capacidade fermentativa das ramas de batata-doce, utilizando-se arranjo fatorial 7x2 (gen?tipos X ramas emurchecidas ou n?o), delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repeti??es. Os gen?tipos diferiram quanto ? PMS e teores de MS, FDN, FDA, CEL, LIG, CS, NIDA e CIN. O emurchecimento promoveu aumento nos teores de MS, PB, NIDA e componentes fibrosos e redu??o nos teores de carboidrato sol?vel, tornando as ramas emurchecidas de pior qualidade. N?o foi observado efeito do emurchecimento sobre a capacidade fermentativa das ramas in natura e emurchecidas. Os gen?tipos BD-25, BD-08 e BD-23, apresentaram produtividades superiores a 7,0 t ha-1, enquanto, o gen?tipo BD-43, apresentou baixos teores de FDA. Al?m dessas caracter?sticas, foram avaliadas a composi??o bromatol?gicas e a popula??o de microrganismos das silagens de batata-doce inoculadas ou n?o, por meio de arranjo fatorial 5x2 (gen?tipos x inoculante ou n?o). As silagens obtidas com os diferentes gen?tipos diferiram quanto aos teores de FDA, HEM e valores de pH. A utiliza??o de inoculante n?o promoveu altera??es na popula??o de microrganismos e nem nas caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas das silagens, exceto para o valor de pH. De maneira geral, a silagem produzida por todos os gen?tipos avaliados apresenta boa caracter?stica nutricional, entretanto, a silagem do gen?tipo BD-43 se destacou, apresentando baixos teores de FDA.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to select sweet potato genotypes with potential for use in animal feed. The vine?s yield and wilting effect on the chemical composition and fermentative capacity of the sweet potatoes? vines have been evaluated, using a 7x2 factorial arrangement (genotypes ?X? vines wilted or not), a randomized block design with four replications. Genotypes differed on the SMP and DM, NDF, ADF, CEL, LIG, CS, NIDA and CIN contents. Wilting promoted an increase in DM, CP, NIDA and fibrous components and reduction in levels of soluble carbohydrates, making wilted vines of poorer quality. There was not observed effect of wilting on the fermentative ability of in natura or wilted vines. Genotypes BD-25, BD-08 and BD-23, had yields higher than 7.0 t ha-1, while the genotype BD-43, showed low levels of ADF. Besides these features, There have been analyzed the chemical-bromatological composition of the microbial population of sweet potato silage inoculated or not by means of a factorial arrangement 5x2 (genotype ?x? with or without inoculation). The silages with different genotypes differ in ADF, HEM, and pH values. The use of inoculum did not change the microbial population and the characteristics or nutritive value of silages, except for the pH value. In general, the silage produced by all genotypes has good nutritional characteristics, however, the silage genotype BD-43 stood out, showing low levels of ADF.
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Louren?o, Fagner Jos? de Carvalho. "Desempenho de cultivares de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em Rio Pomba, Minas Gerais, no sistema org?nico de produ??o, a partir da co-inocula??o das sementes com Rhizobium tropici e Azospirillum brasilense." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1330.
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A fild plot was carried out in Rio Pomba, MG state, dealing with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from March to May 2015. Six cultivars were compared under organic farming from seeds inoculated or not inoculated (= control) with commercial biological products based upon N2 fixing bacteria (Rhizobium tropici) and plant growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense). Two of the cultivars, ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola?, are recommended and have been developed for Minas Gerais bean growing regions. They are both characterized by a high grain yield potential and belong to ?vermelho? and ?carioca? groups, respectively, which are of known preference by state consumers. On the other hand the cultivars ?Bola?, ?Kaboon?, ?Constanza?, and ?Manteig?o? represent introduced genotypes producing grains considered of special types on account of tegument color, size (= mass) and / or shape differing from the most commonly planted beans in Brazil. Such differential traits have been associated to an aggregate value because of their higher prices in the organic market of Brazilian southeast large cities. The study aimed at evaluating the introduced cultivars in comparison with the regional cultivars relating agronomic performance under organic farming as well as the respective response to seed inoculation with the cited bacterial species having a potential for contributing to beans organic management system by favoring crop yields. The research concept was based on the perspective of agrobiodiversity gains in organic farming units and on the possibility to improve farmer?s family income by means of expanding foods variety offered to consumers, specially focusing on beans, a major daily component of Brazilian?s diet due to its high nutritional quality. The experiment followed a randomized block design in a six x two factorial scheme with four replicates. Results referring data on marketable grain yields pointed out the viability of beans organic farming under Rio Pomba soil and weather conditions. The special grains introduced cultivars yields were close or, in certain cases, comparable to those of the two Minas Gerais recommended cultivars. The overall average of cultivars yields, independently of seed treatments, in which co-inoculation did not differ from the control (= non treated seeds), widely surpassed regional and national mean yields reported for the bean crop. The N2 stock ready to be utilized by the plants present in the soil of the experimented plant and a possible significant contribution fron biological fixation were able to fulfill crop requirements since no inputs have been made as nitrogen fertilizers. Root nodulation otherwise indicated the relevant contribution of local soil bacterial communities already stablished in the experimental plot and responsible for beneficial interactions with the bean plants. On the basis of the average between seed treatments the highest nodulation rates in terms of total number of nodules per root dry matter linked to the cultivars ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola? which also had the higher grain yields. Statistical analysis of the agronomic attributes considered in the study demonstrated significant differences among cultivars, including: number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and weight (= mass) of 100 grains (approx. 12% moisture). The first of such traits positively correlated with grain yield. Data also indicated that the number of grains per pod was inversely proportional to the 100 grains / mass. The last index (100 grains / mass weight) represented an estimative of the differences in grain sizes. With no exceptions, those introduced cultivars producing larger ? sized grains also revealed higher 100 grains mass values. The discarded levels of grains not reaching market standards again varied among cultivars and had influence on commercially suitable grain yields. This result leads to the need of adjusting bean organic farming in order to reduce yield losses.
Foi realizado em Rio Pomba, estado de Minas Gerais, um experimento de campo com o feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) correspondendo ? ?safra da seca` no per?odo de mar?o a maio do ano de 2015. Foram comparadas seis cultivares submetidas a sistema org?nico de produ??o, a partir de sementes co-inoculadas ou n?o (= controle) com produtos comerciais ? base de bact?rias fixadoras do nitrog?nio atmosf?rico (Rhizobium tropici) e de promotoras do crescimento vegetal (Azospirillum brasilense). Dessas seis cultivares, duas delas, ?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`, s?o recomendadas para plantio no estado e foram desenvolvidas e selecionadas para as regi?es mineiras produtoras de feij?o, sendo ambas caracterizadas pelo alto potencial de rendimento em gr?os dos grupos vermelho e carioca, respectivamente, de comprovada prefer?ncia dos consumidores de Minas Gerais. J?, as quatro outras cultivares, a saber: ?Bola`, ?Kaboon`, ?Constanza` e ?Manteig?o`, correspondem a gen?tipos introduzidos e que produzem gr?os considerados como especiais, por conta de colora??o, tamanho (massa) e/ou formato diferenciados. Tais atributos t?m sido associados a um valor agregado dessas cultivares, traduzido pelas cota??es mais elevadas de pre?os na comercializa??o em bancas e g?ndolas de produtos org?nicos encontradas em grandes metr?poles do Sudeste brasileiro. Os objetivos do estudo de Rio Pomba foram os de avaliar esses gen?tipos quanto a seu desempenho agron?mico sob manejo org?nico, al?m de suas respectivas respostas quando cultivados a partir da inocula??o, das sementes no pr?-plantio, com o cons?rcio mencionado de esp?cies bacterianas potencialmente capazes de contribuir para a viabiliza??o desse manejo, atrav?s de ganhos em produtividade. A concep??o da pesquisa fundamentou-se nas perspectivas de aumento da agrobiodiversidade em unidades de produ??o org?nica e da melhoria de renda familiar dos agricultores, por meio da diversifica??o da oferta de alimentos ? popula??o consumidora, especialmente com foco no feij?o, preponderante na dieta dos brasileiros e destacado por sua riqueza nutricional. O ensaio ficou delineado em blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es, constituindo um esquema fatorial 6 x 2. Os resultados obtidos, em termos de rendimento comercial das cultivares, apontaram para a viabilidade do manejo org?nico sob as condi??es edafoclim?ticas de Rio Pomba, com as cultivares de gr?os especiais introduzidas produzindo satisfatoriamente, aproximando-se ou mesmo, em alguns casos, alcan?ando valores compar?veis ?queles de cultivares recomendadas para Minas Gerais. A m?dia geral, calculada independentemente, dos tratamentos das sementes em que a co-inocula??o n?o diferiu do controle, suplantaram amplamente as m?dias regional e nacional de produ??o de feij?o por unidade de ?rea cultivada. O estoque de nitrog?nio assimil?vel presente no solo da ?rea experimental ? uma controbui??o possivelmente significativa da fixa??o biol?gica, foram suficientes para as necessidades da cultura, vez que n?o houve aporte do macronutriente na forma de aduba??o nitrogenada. A nodula??o radicular evidenciou atividade de comunidades de bact?rias j? estabelecidas no solo da ?rea experimental, respons?veis por intera??es ben?ficas com o feijoeiro. Tomando-se a m?dia entre os tratamentos de sementes (co-inocula??o e controle) os ?ndices superiores de nodula??o, com base no n?mero total de n?dulos por mat?ria seca das ra?zes, coincidiram com as cultivares mais produtivas (?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`). As an?lises estat?sticas das vari?veis fitot?cnicas consideradas no estudo revelaram diferen?as significativas entre as cultivares, incluindo: n?mero de vagens por planta, n?mero de gr?os por vagem e massa de 100 gr?os ( + ou ? 12% de umidade). A primeira delas correlacionou-se positivamente com a produtividade. Os dados indicaram, ainda, que o n?mero de gr?os por vagem ? inversamente proporcional ? massa de 100 gr?os (correla??o negativa). Este ?ltimo ?ndice representou uma estimativa das diferen?as no tamanho dos gr?os. Sem exce??es, aquelas cultivares introduzidas, caracterizadas pela produ??o de gr?os gra?dos, igualmente mostraram valores mais elevados das amostras dos 100 gr?os. Os n?veis de descarte de gr?os fora dos padr?es de mercado tamb?m variaram entre as cultivares testadas, influindo, em maior ou menor grau, no respectivo rendimento comercial, assim sinalizando para a conveni?ncia de ajustes no manejo org?nico do feijoeiro, objetivando contribuir para redu??o desse fator de perdas nas colheitas
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Oliveira, Celso Mattes de. "Resist?ncia de linhagens de tomateiro ? tra?a Tuta absoluta, relacionada a aleloqu?micos e ? densidade de tricomas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, 2011. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/561.
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Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 39.pdf: 622297 bytes, checksum: f0b6a4c72e9ca840834c09213d059a4b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)/MEC
Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
Funda??o de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extens?o (FAEPE)
Comparou-se a efetividade de linhagens melhoradas de tomateiro, ricas em 2-tridecanona (2-TD), zingibereno (ZGB) e acila??cares (AA), ou no tocante aos n?veis de resist?ncia ? tra?a-do-tomateiro Tuta absoluta. Tamb?m verificou-se se linhagens selecionadas para maiores densidades de tricomas glandulares, presumivelmente com maiores n?veis de 2-tridecanona, ? efetiva no sentido de promover maior resist?ncia ? tra?a. Como testemunhas suscet?veis foram utilizadas as linhagens TOM-584 e TOM-679, com n?vel normal dos tr?s aleloqu?micos. A linhagem melhorada TOM-687 (com alto teor de AA) foi utilizada como linhagem resistente padr?o, por ter sua resist?ncia amplamente documentada, juntamente com o tamb?m resistente acesso selvagem PI134417 (com alto teor de 2-TD). O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegeta??o em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O acesso selvagem PI 134417 confirmou-se como altamente resistente. TOM-622 (rica em 2-TD), ZGB-703 (rica em ZGB) e TOM-687 apresentaram diminui??es significativas na ovoposi??o da tra?a-do-tomateiro, bem como no dano geral na planta, les?o nos fol?olos e porcentagem de fol?olos atacados, comparadas ?s testemunhas TOM-584 e TOM-679. Os n?veis de resist?ncia ? tra?a em TOM-622, ZGB-703 e TOM-687 foram similares entre si. Em geral os gen?tipos selecionados para maiores densidades de tricomas glandulares apresentaram n?veis de resist?ncia tamb?m superiores aos das testemunhas suscet?veis, destacando entre eles o tratamento BPX-367D-238-02.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011.
ABSTRACT In Brazil the Cactaceae is represented by 160 species from which 26% occur on the rocky fields. Cipocereus minensis is an endemic Cactaceae from the rocky fields in the Minas Gerais? portion of the Espinha?o chain. In this research it was intended to evaluate the rhythms of flower and fruit production of the species, its floral and reproductive biology, and also know the floral visitors and the likely seed dispersers, in an area of the rocky fields of the Diamantina ? MG?s plateau. Seed germination tests have been performed and the initial plant growth on different substrates was analyzed. The species had floral traits such as nocturnal anthesis, white flowers, abundant volume of nectar and rigid perianth structures that suggested pollination by bats. However daily visitors as hummingbirds were also observed. The reproductive system of C. minensis is alogamic and self incompatible and the night visitors were more efficient than the daytime ones in the formation of fruits. The phenologic pattern of flowering and fruiting is sub-annual, with peak of flowering at the beginning and middle of the dry season, in april and july, respectively. Another peak was observed in the wet season in november, with lower production of flowers, but with a higher flower/fruit conversion rate . C. minensis is well adapted to the climatic seasonality. The fruits showed significant differences with respect to collection time for the length, diameter and weight, with higher measures in the wet season. The average number of seeds per fruit was 958.63 ? 369.35, the weight of 1000 seeds was 0.53 g and the mean length of the seeds was 1.5 mm. The highest germination rates were found after nine and twelve months of storage (75% and 72%, respectively) or in fruits collected with a more advanced stage of ripening (72%).In the initial growth the plants showed a higher diameter and height on the substrate prepared in the ratio 1:1:1, composed of sand, red soil and cow dung. The store promotes germination, but also in fruits collected in a more advanced stage of maturation. Substrates with better drainage and aeration favoring better initial development of this plant species. This information will provide subsidies for the development of strategies of conservation and management of the species.
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Amaral, Wander Gladson. "Caracteriza??o de ?reas em Diamantina (MG) sob diferentes tipos de degrada??o: substrato, din?mica da vegeta??o e paisagem." UFVJM, 2012. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/486.
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Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T12:43:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 20.pdf: 1561094 bytes, checksum: 910e8488121681244710dd4db32a5bd1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Atividades antr?picas v?m de encontro com o paradoxo do desenvolvimento e da conserva??o. Assim a demanda por mat?ria-prima para sustentar os meios de produ??o, tem ?ntima rela??o com a explora??o dos recursos naturais, que realizada de modo inadequado e insustent?vel, gera a degrada??o do meio ambiente. Neste contexto, diante dos desafios que se apresentam para a sustentabilidade, alternativas estas, que tenham efic?cia no seu prop?sito (integra??o dos conhecimentos silviculturais e principios ecol?gicos) e retorno destas ?reas ?s condi??es pr?ximas das originais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a din?mica da paisagem e da vegeta??o arbustivo-arb?reo em ?reas sob diferentes tipos de degradada??o em Diamantina, MG. As comunidades das ?reas degradadas pelo garimpo de diamante (ADGD) e ouro (ADGO), assim como, pelo processo de vo?orocamento (ADV) contou com 50 (10 x 10 m), 30 (10 x 10 m) e 36 (5 x 3m) parcelas respectivamente, que no primeiro invent?rio, foram amostrados todos os indiv?duos arb?reo-arbustivo vivos com DAS30 ? 3 cm. No segundo invent?rio, foram registrados os indiv?duos mortos, remensurados os sobreviventes e mensurados e identificados os indiv?duos recrutados. Foram calculadas as taxas de din?mica: mortalidade, recrutamento, ganho e perda em ?rea basal e numero de indiv?duos para cada ?rea. Os valores de H? obtidos para as ?reas foram comparados aos pares pelo teste de t de Hutcheson. Em cada parcela, foi coletada uma amostra composta do substrato superficial (0-20 cm), sendo analisados os par?metros qu?micos: pH em ?gua; teores de P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+; complexo sortivo (acidez potencial (H +Al), satura??o por bases (V%), soma de bases (SB), CTC a pH 7 (T), CTC efetiva (t) e satura??o por alum?nio (m%)) e mat?ria org?nica (M.O); f?sicos: teores de areia, silte e argila, resist?ncia mec?nica ? penetra??o ao longo da camada de 0-30 cm, umidade, cobertura de rocha e cascalho exposto. As vari?veis ambientais foram comparadas pelo teste t para amostras independentes (P<0,05). Para analisar as correla??es entre os gradientes ambientais e vegetacionais foi empregada a An?lise de Correspond?ncia Can?nica (CCA). A ?rea estudada na din?mica da paisagem contou com 2.509,92 ha definidos entre os paralelos 7989545,95 e 7984296,35 sul e meridianos 646367,51 e 651117,89 oeste. O mapeamento e classifica??o da cobertura vegetal foi realizado por meio da interpreta??o visual de fotografias a?reas para os anos de 1950 e 2006. A quantifica??o estrutural da paisagem foi descrita por meio de ?ndices de composi??o e configura??o espacial resultantes do software Fragstats. No geral foram amostrados 1.152 indiv?duos, pertencentes a 16 fam?lias e 38 esp?cies, sendo, 153 indiv?duos, 5 fam?lias e 9 esp?cies pertencentes a ADGD; 921 indiv?duos, 16 fam?lias e 36 esp?cies pertencentes a ADGO e 78 indiv?duos, 9 fam?lias e 11 esp?cies pertencentes a ADV. A an?lise dos atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do substrato evidenciou alta limita??o ao desenvolvimento de plantas colonizadoras, apresentando como restri??es, substratos de textura arenosa com baixa fertilidade natural, acidez elevada al?m de classe de resist?ncia a penetra??o m?dia para as ?reas degradadas pelo garimpo de ouro e diamante. Verificou-se que houve rela??o entre os gradientes ambientais e a abund?ncia e composi??o flor?stica da vegeta??o colonizadora, ficando a maioria das esp?cies mais fortemente correlacionada com as vari?veis topogr?ficas (desn?vel), qu?micas (M.O e m) e f?sicas (umidade). Todos os indicadores estruturais analisados mostraram que as ?reas est?o em processo de constru??o inicial, por?m a ?rea degradada pelo garimpo de ouro encontra-se em est?gio sucessional mais avan?ado quando comparado com ?rea degradada pelo processo de vo?orocamento e a ?rea degradada pelo garimpo de diamante. Os mapas temporais de cobertura do solo evidenciam que a ?rea de estudo apresenta grande influ?ncia de atividades antr?picas. Contudo a quantidade de habitat natural na ?rea de estudo foi bem superior ao limiar de percola??o, passando de 99,26% (2491,59 ha) em 1950 para 89,62% (2249,35 ha) em 2006. Nesse contexto, ? poss?vel constatar que a paisagem se manteve estruturalmente conectada por meio de grandes fragmentos de vegeta??o nativa, proporcionando condi??es de sustentabilidade.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.
ABSTRACT Anthropogenic activities have been meeting with the paradox of development and conservation. Thus the demand for raw materials to sustain the means of production, is closely related to the exploitation of natural resources, which conducted improperly and unsustainable, causes the degradation of the environment. In this context, aa scientific community, facing the challenges that present themselves to a sustainability of the planet, has been conducting research aimed at generating alternatives for the recuperation of degraded areas; these alternatives, which are effective in their purpose (integration of knowledge silvicultural and ecological principles ) and return these areas to conditions similar to the originals. This study aimed to characterize physical and chemical substrate, to relate the abundance distribution of the colonizing species with environmental variables, to study the dynamics of the floristic composition of vegetation and analyze the dynamics of the landscape around the three areas under different types preterit of degradation, between the years 1950 and 2006, emphasizing the changes in landscape virtue to human activities in the State Park Biribiri (PEB) and surroundings, in Diamantina, MG. The communities of areas degraded by mining diamond (ADGD) and gold (ADGO), as well as the process of vo?orocamento (ADV) had 50 (10 x 10 m), 30 (10 x 10 m) and 36 (5 x 3m) plots respectively, in the first inventory sampled all shrub tree individuals with DAS30 ? 3 cm. In the second inventory, dead individuals were recorded, remeasured the survivors and measured and identified the recruited individuals. We calculated rates of mortality, recruitment, gain and loss in basal area and number of individuals for each area. Values ??H? obtained for areas were compared in pairs by t test Hutcheson. In each plot was collected a sample of the substrate surface (0-20 cm) were analyzed for chemical parameters: pH in water; levels of P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+, exchangeable cations (potential acidity (H + Al ), base saturation (V%), sum of bases (SB), CTC at pH 7 (T), effective CTC (t), aluminum saturation (m%)) and organic matter (M.O); physical: contents of sand, silt and clay, penetration resistance along the 0-30 cm layer, moisture, coverage of rock and gravel exposed. Environmental variables were compared by t test for independent samples (P<0.05). To analyze the correlations between environmental gradients and vegetation was used Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The area studied in the dynamics of the landscape had 2,509.92 ha defined between the parallel and 7,989,545.95 7,984,296.35 646,367.51 meridian and south and west 651,117.89. The mapping and classification of vegetation cover was done by visual interpretation of aerial photographs for the years 1950 and 2006. Quantification structural landscape has been described by means of indexes of composition and spatial configuration resulting Fragstats software. Overall 1152 individuals were sampled, belonging to 16 families and 38 species, and, 153 individuals, families 5 and 9 species of ADGD, 921 individuals, 16 families and 36 species belonging to ADGO and 78 individuals, 9 families and 11 species belonging ADV. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of the substrate showed high limiting the development of colonizing plants, presenting as constraints, sandy substrates with low fertility, high acidity than class average penetration resistance for areas degraded by mining gold and diamond. There was a relationship between environmental gradients and floristic composition and abundance of colonizing vegetation, most species being more strongly correlated with the topographic variables (elevation), chemical (M.O and m) and physical (moisture). All structural indicators analyzed showed that the areas are in the process of initial construction, but the area degraded by mining gold is found in more advanced successional stage compared with the degraded area by process vo?orocamento and the area degraded by mining diamonds. Temporal maps of land cover indicate that this area of ??study has great influence anthropogenic activities. However the amount of natural habitat in the study area was well above the percolation threshold, from 99.26% (2491,59 ha) in 1950 to 89.62% (2249,35 ha) in 2006. In this context, it can be seen that the landscape remained structurally connected by means of large fragments of native vegetation, providing conditions for sustainability.
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Madeiro, Afranio Silva. "Avalia??o de clones de capim-elefante manejados sob lota??o rotacionada." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1747.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil.
This work aimed to describe and evaluate the morphogenetic and structural traits, and quality of two clones of elephant grass grazed under rotacional grazing. We used a completely randomized design with three replicates (paddocks) in a split plot, where clones were the whole plot and grazing cycles in a split plot, for evaluate morphogenetic and structural traits, and nutritive value. For evaluate nutrient intake was conducted a test using 10 heifers "testers" in a completely randomized design with 10 replications (animals). Characteristics and structural traits of tillers were similar between the clones. Leaf appearance rate and leaf elongation of aerial tillers were higher for the clone CNPGL 00-1-3 compared to clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Clones showed reduced elongation rate of stem, thus helping to increase the leaf/stem ratio, which is an indication of high nutritional value of pasture clones of elephant grass short stature. Variables studied basal and aerial tillers decreased with grazing cycle, which may be related to the lower temperatures recorded during May, June and July and the lowest rainfall that occurred during the same period. Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) were not affected (P>0.05) by clones and only DM, OM, MM, CP, ADF and CEL were influenced (P<0.05) by cycles of grazing, there wasn?t interaction clone x cycle (P>0.05). Intake was not affected (P>0.05) by clones, however, high values were obtained of intake DM, which can be attributed to low values of NDF, ADF and LIG, and therefore to IVDMD. However, these results demonstrate high quality of forage clones CNPGL 00-1-3 and CNPGL CNPGL 92-198-7.
Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, descrever e avaliar as caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais, e a qualidade de dois clones de capim-elefante manejados sob lota??o rotacionada. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tr?s repeti??es (piquetes), em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, onde os clones constitu?ram a parcela inteira e os ciclos de pastejo a parcela subdividida, para avaliar as vari?veis morfog?nicas e estruturais, e o valor nutritivo. Para avalia??o do consumo foi realizado um ensaio utilizando-se 10 novilhas de prova, distribu?dos segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 repeti??es (animais). As caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais de perfilhos basais foram semelhantes entre os clones avaliados. A taxa de aparecimento foliar e taxa de alongamento foliar de perfilhos a?reos foram maiores para o clone CNPGL 00-1-3 em compara??o ao clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Os clones avaliados demonstraram reduzida taxa de alongamento de colmo, contribuindo assim para aumentar a rela??o l?mina/colmo, o que pode ser uma indica??o do elevado valor nutritivo do pasto de clones de capim-elefante de porte baixo. As vari?veis estudadas de perfilhos basais e a?reos decresceram com ciclo de pastejo, o que pode estar relacionado ?s temperaturas mais baixas registradas nos meses Maio, Junho e Julho, assim como a menor precipita??o que ocorreu nesse mesmo per?odo. A composi??o qu?micobromatol?gica e a digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS) n?o foram influenciadas (P>0,05) pelos clones e apenas a MS, MO, MM, PB, FDA e CEL foram influenciadas (P<0,05) pelos ciclos de pastejo, n?o havendo a intera??o clone x ciclo (P>0,05). O consumo n?o foi influenciado (P>0,05) pelos clones avaliados, por?m, foram obtidos elevados valores de consumo de MS, que podem ser atribu?dos aos baixos valores de FDN, FDA e LIG e consequentemente a alta DIVMS. Contudo, esses resultados demonstram a elevada qualidade, da forragem dos pastos dos clones CNPGL 00-1-3 e CNPGL 92-198-7.
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Brito, Vin?cius Villas B?as de. "Avalia??o das propriedades mec?nicas de diferentes modelos de fixadores esquel?ticos externos tipo Ib de baixo custo." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/897.
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Previous issue date: 2008-08-29Six different frames of low cost external skeletal fixators used in veterinary orthopedics were submitted to mechanical evaluation of the axial compression. The apparatuses were separated in two different models, one with wooden connection bars (Pinnus ellioti) and another with PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) connection bars. Tubes of polyvynil chloride (PVC) were used to simulate the bone model. Each model were respresented by frames elaborated in typo Ib configuration, with eight insertion pins (four per fragment/ two per connection bar in each fragment), 12 insertion pins (six per fragment/ three per connections in each fragment) and 16 insertion pins (eight per fragment/ four per connection bar in each fragment). We have employed a universal essay machine, model 4204, Instron, at a two cm/min speed to submit the models to axial compression force tests and thus calculate their stiffness, safety load and yield point. Within the results, stiffness increase with a higher number of insertion pins; significant difference between the two models of connection bars is not detected. Otherwise the strength necessary to promote a one milimeter displacement at the fracture gap (safety load) is higher at the wooden connection bars apparatuses; this value also increases if the number of fixation pins is elevated, except if we compare frames with 12 insertion pins (six per fragment/ three per connections in each fragment) and 16 insertion pins (eight per fragment/ four per connection bar in each fragment). The strength necessary to promote a permanent deformation at the apparatuses (yield point) do not show significant statistic difference.
Foram submetidos ? avalia??o mec?nica de compress?o axial seis diferentes conforma??es de fixadores esquel?ticos externos de baixo custo para aplica??o em ortopedia veterin?ria. Os aparelhos se diferenciavam em dois modelos, um com barras de conex?o de madeira (Pinnus ellioti) e outro com barras de conex?o de resina acr?lica autopolimeriz?vel. Foram utilizados tubos de policloreto de vinila (PVC) para simular os fragmentos ?sseos. Cada modelo possu?a aparelhos montados na configura??o tipo Ib, com oito pinos de inser??o (quatro por fragmento/ dois por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento), 12 pinos de inser??o (seis por fragmento/ tr?s por barra estabilizadora em cada fragmento) e 16 pinos de inser??o (oito por fragmento/ quatro por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ? for?a de compress?o axial pela m?quina de ensaio universal, modelo 4204, Instron, a velocidade de dois cm/min. Sendo mensurados a rigidez, carga m?xima de seguran?a e o ponto de escoamento. De acordo com os resultados, a rigidez aumenta de forma diretamente proporcional ao incremento no n?mero de pinos de inser??o; n?o ? observada diferen?a significativa entre os dois tipos de barras de conex?o. Por?m o valor de for?a necess?ria para causar um deslocamento de um mil?metro no foco de fratura (carga m?xima de seguran?a) ? mais elevado nos aparelhos com barras de conex?o de madeira; esse valor aumenta tamb?m com o incremento do n?mero de pinos de inser??o, excetuando-se quando se compara aparelhos com 12 pinos de inser??o (seis por fragmento/ tr?s por barra estabilizadora em cada fragmento) e 16 pinos de inser??o (oito por fragmento/ quatro por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento). J? os valores da for?a necess?ria para causar uma deforma??o permanente nos aparelhos (ponto de escoamento) n?o apresentaram diferen?a estatisticamente significativa.
Books on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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The Practice skills toolkit: Tips on ADR, discovery & ethics. Chicago, Illinois: First Chair Press, 2013.
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Kelley, David B. 101 tips for aging well with diabetes. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association, 2001.
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Haynes, Colin. Savvy business flying: Tips and tricks for winning the travel game. Glenview, Ill: Scott, Foresman, 1990.
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Gruenewald, Dan. Wing tips: Easy ideas to take the stress out of air travel. [United States]: D. Gruenewald, 1994.
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Craig, Diana. The gardeners' book: Age-old advice and tips for the garden. London: Michael O'Mara, 2012.
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The cooks' book: Age-old advice and tips for the kitchen. London: Michael O'Mara, 2012.
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A spiritual hitchhiker's guide to the universe: Travel tips for the spiritually perplexed. Charlottesville, VA: Hampton Roads Pub. Co., Inc., 2009.
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Ralph, Luciani, and Mahler Richard, eds. Plane truth: Tips for combating the health and safety perils of flying. Far Hills, N.J: New Horizon Press, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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Leebens, Patricia K. "Tips for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Providers." In Transition-Age Youth Mental Health Care, 43–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62113-1_2.
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Pao, Maryland. "15 Going on 26: Tips for Working with Transitional-Age Youth." In Transition-Age Youth Mental Health Care, 53–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62113-1_3.
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Souza, Lívia Tereza de Andrade, Lizzy Ayra Alcântara Veríssimo, Benevides Costa Pessela João, Marcelo Matos Santoro, Rodrigo R. Resende, and Adriano A. Mendes. "Imobilização enzimática: princípios fundamentais e tipos de suporte." In Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agro&Indústria - Vol. 4, 529–68. Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/9788521211150-15.
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Wood, Aileen. "Curriculum vitae and interviewing tips." In A Comprehensive Library Staff Training Programme in the Information Age, 55–86. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-84334-118-5.50004-7.
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"Calculating a Person's Age." In John Walkenbach's Favorite Excel® 2010 Tips & Tricks, 209–10. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118257647.ch97.
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Tandulwadkar, Sunita, and Nirzari Mangeshikar. "Laparoscopy for Benign Uterine, Tubal and Ovarian Pathologies in Adolescent Age Group." In Practical Endoscopy: Tips by Experts, 300. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12409_46.
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Hinchliff, Sharron, and Bianca Fileborn. "Sexuality in older age." In Oxford Textbook of Old Age Psychiatry, 785–802. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198807292.003.0050.
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This chapter examines the research evidence to present key issues in the sexuality and ageing field. The chapter utilizes a sexual rights framework to contextualize sexuality and ageing for psychiatry and psychiatric practice. It discusses sexual activity in middle and later life and the sexual difficulties that older adults can experience. It explores sexual risk-taking in older cohorts and the current global trend of increased diagnoses of STIs in older adults. It also discusses the highly neglected areas of sexual violence, sexual consent, and partner communication in older adults. The chapter ends with a focus on the barriers to sexual communication between health professionals and older patients, and provides guidance and tips—specifically the ‘Three Ps’ approach: Privacy, Permission, and Practice—for clinicians to use to improve sexual communication with patients.
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Şentürk, Burcu. "Writing in the Digital Age." In Futuristic and Linguistic Perspectives on Teaching Writing to Second Language Students, 102–17. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6508-7.ch007.
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It is a fact that technology has become an indispensable part of our lives. The recommendations of the World Health Organization because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic surrounding the whole world brings the obligation to continue the education and training activities with distance education systems. Once again, the significance of technology use in education has become abundant. Within the scope of this chapter, applied studies on digital writing, digital micro, and macro-level writing, Web 2.0 tools, digital and automatic feedback in digital writing will be envisaged in line with the 21st century technological educational requirements. In addition, the effective tips to teach basic digital writing through technology integration will be explored while the impact of the information age on the writing discipline will be discussed.
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Tykhonkova, I. O., and T. O. Yaroshenko. ""SCIENCE COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE": PER ASPERA AD MOOC." In Science Ukraine in the Global Information Space. Issue 17, 73–82. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.422.073.
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The experience of creating the massive open online course "Scientific Communication in the Digital Age", hosted by the Prometheus platform, is presented. The main tips and tricks, which should be noted by those who plan on creating their own courses, the difficulties you may face and how to avoid them, are considered and described.
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Kimura, Yukiko, and Taunton R. Southwood. "The limping child." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 100–107. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0013_update_002.
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This chapter presents a systematic approach to evaluating the limping child, beginning with a careful history, then the physical examination, and proceeding to the musculoskeletal examination followed by targeted investigations. Tables with useful tips for differential diagnosis based on age and laboratory testing, as well as diagnostic algorithms, are presented.
Conference papers on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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Naik, S., C. Georgakis, T. Hofer, and D. Lengani. "Heat Transfer and Film Cooling of Blade Tips and Endwalls." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23288.
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This paper investigates the flow, heat transfer and film cooling effectiveness of advanced high-pressure turbine blade tips and endwall. Two blade tip configurations have been studied, including a full rim squealer and a partial squealer with a leading edge and trailing edge cut-out. Both blade tip configurations have pressure side film cooling, and cooling air extraction through dust holes which are positioned along the airfoil camber line on the tip cavity floor. The investigated clearance gap and the blade tip geometry are typical of that commonly found in the high pressure turbine blades of heavy-duty gas turbines. Numerical studies and experimental investigations in a linear cascade have been conducted at a blade exit isentropic Mach number of 0.8 and a Reynolds number of 9 × 105. The influence of the coolant flow ejected from the tip dust holes and the tip pressure side film holes has also been investigated. Both the numerical and experimental results showed that there is a complex aero-thermal interaction within the tip cavity and along the endwall. This was evident for both tip configurations. Although, the global heat transfer and film cooling characteristics of both blade tip configurations were similar, there were distinct local differences. The partial squealer exhibited higher local film cooling effectiveness at the trailing edge but also low values at the leading edge. For both tip configurations, the highest heat transfer coefficients were located on the suction side rim within the mid-chord region. However on the endwall, the highest heat transfer rates were located close to the pressure side rim and along most of the blade chord. Additionally, the numerical results also showed that the coolant ejected from the blade tip dust holes partially impinges onto the endwall.
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Zadeh, Saeed. "Systems Engineering: A Few Tips, Tools & Lessons Learned for the Manager's Toolbox." In U.S. Air Force T&E Days 2010. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-1758.
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Nakayama, Keita, Atsushi Shimada, Tsubasa Minematsu, Yuta Taniguchi, and Rin-Ichiro Taniguchi. "K-TIPS: KNOWLEDGE EXTENSION BASED ON TAILOR-MADE INFORMATION PROVISION SYSTEM." In International Conference Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age 2019. IADIS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33965/celda2019_201911l044.
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Nasir, Hasan, Srinath V. Ekkad, Ronald S. Bunker, and Chander Prakash. "Effects of Tip Gap Film Injection From Plain and Squealer Blade Tips." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53455.
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The present study investigates the effect of orthogonal tip gap film injection from a plain and squealer tip of a HPT first stage rotor blade. The pressure ratio (inlet total pressure to exit static pressure) for the cascade used was 1.2, and the experiments were run in a blow-down test rig with a four-blade stationary linear cascade. The Reynolds number based on cascade exit velocity and axial chord length was 8.61×105 and the inlet and exit Mach numbers were 0.16 and 0.55, respectively. Five holes are located along the camber line of the blade tip. A transient infrared technique was used to measure the local heat transfer coefficient and film effectiveness from a single transient test. All measurements were made for three blowing ratios of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. For all the cases, a small tip gap-to-blade span ratio of 0.5% was used. The squealer depth-to-blade span ratio of 4.16% was used for the squealer. Results show that the film injection has some effect for plain tips but has no effect or negligible effect for squealer tips.
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Newton, P. J., S. K. Krishnababu, G. D. Lock, H. P. Hodson, W. N. Dawes, J. Hannis, and C. Whitney. "Heat Transfer and Aerodynamics of Turbine Blade Tips in a Linear Cascade." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-69034.
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Local measurements of the heat transfer coefficient and pressure coefficient were conducted on the tip and near tip region of a generic turbine blade in a five-blade linear cascade. Two tip clearance gaps were used: 1.6% and 2.8% chord. Data was obtained at a Reynolds number of 2.3 × 105 based on exit velocity and chord. Three different tip geometries were investigated: a flat (plain) tip, a suction-side squealer, and a cavity squealer. The experiments reveal that the flow through the plain gap is dominated by flow separation at the pressure-side edge and that the highest levels of heat transfer are located where the flow reattaches on the tip surface. High heat transfer is also measured at locations where the tip-leakage vortex has impinged onto the suction surface of the aerofoil. The experiments are supported by flow visualisation computed using the CFX CFD code which has provided insight into the fluid dynamics within the gap. The suction-side and cavity squealers are shown to reduce the heat transfer in the gap but high levels of heat transfer are associated with locations of impingement, identified using the flow visualisation and aerodynamic data. Film cooling is introduced on the plain tip at locations near the pressure-side edge within the separated region and a net heat flux reduction analysis is used to quantify the performance of the successful cooling design.
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Mischo, Bob, Andre´ Burdet, and Reza S. Abhari. "Influence of Stator-Rotor Interaction on the Aerothermal Performance of Recess Blade Tips." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50496.
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This paper investigates the influence of stator-rotor interaction on the stage performance of three blade tip geometries. A reference flat tip is used to assess two different recess blade geometries. The study is made in the context of the realistic turbine stage configuration provided by the ETHZ 1.5 stage LISA turbine research facility. This numerical investigation describes the details of unsteady recess cavity flow structure and confirms the beneficial effects of the improved recess geometry over the flat tip and the nominal recess design both in terms of stage efficiency and tip heat load. The tip flow field obtained from the improved recess design combines the advantages of a nominal recess design (aerodynamic sealing) and the flat tip configuration. The turbine stage capacity is almost unchanged between the flat tip and the improved recess tip cases, which simplifies the design procedure when using the improved recess design. Overall heat load in the improved recess case is reduced by 26% compared to the flat tip and by 12% compared to the nominal recess. A key finding of this study is the difference in effects of the upstream stator wake on the recess cavity flow. Where cavity flow in the nominal design is only moderately influenced, the improved recess cavity flow shows enhanced flow unsteadiness. The tip Nusselt number from a purely steady state prediction in the nominal recess case is nearly identical to the time-average prediction. The improved design shows a 6% difference between steady state and time average tip Nusselt number. This is due to the strong influence of the wake passing on the recess cavity flow. In fact, the wake enhances a small flow difference at the leading edge of the recess cavity between the nominal and improved recess cavities, which results in a completely different flow field further downstream in the recess cavity.
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Mischo, Bob, Thomas Behr, and Reza S. Abhari. "Flow Physics and Profiling of Recessed Blade Tips: Impact on Performance and Heat Load." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91074.
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In axial turbine the tip clearance flow occurring in rotor blade rows is responsible for about one third of the aerodynamic losses in the blade row and in many cases is the limiting factor for the blade lifetime. The tip leakage vortex forms when the leaking fluid crosses the gap between the rotor blade tip and the casing from pressure to suction side and rolls up into a vortex on the blade suction side. The flow through the tip gap is both of high velocity and high temperature, with the heat transfer to the blade from the hot fluid being very high in the blade tip area. In order to avoid blade tip burnout and a failure of the machine, blade tip cooling is commonly used. This paper presents the physical study and an improved design of a recessed blade tip for a highly loaded axial turbine rotor blade with application in high pressure axial turbines in aero engine or power generation. With use of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the flow field near the tip of the blade for different shapes of the recess cavities is investigated. Through better understanding and control of cavity vortical structures, an improved design is presented and the differences to the generic flat tip blade are highlighted. It is observed that by an appropriate profiling of the recess shape, the total tip heat transfer Nusselt Number was significantly reduced, being 15% lower than the flat tip and 7% lower than the baseline recess shape. Experimental results also showed an overall improvement of 0.2% in the one-and-1/2-stage turbine total efficiency with the improved recess design compared to the flat tip case. The CFD analysis conducted on single rotor row configurations predicted a 0.38% total efficiency increase for the rotor equipped with the new recess design compared to the flat tip rotor.
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Weatherill, Adrian E. "Development of a Strain Tolerant Ceramic Coating for the Protection of Rotating Blade Tips." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91101.
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Control of the clearance between the tip of rotating blades and the static components is important for the efficient operation of a gas turbine. Decreasing the gap to minimise gas leakage leads to higher efficiency and greater power, but also increases the risk of contact between the two components. Where this occurs, frictional forces cause localised heating which often results in damage to the components. In extreme cases this has resulted in fire and engine damage, particularly where titanium based components were used. The use of sealing systems, where the blade deliberately cuts a path into a softer or porous surrounding material, rely on a good cutting action in order to maintain efficiency and minimise component wear and damage. It is possible to protect blade tips by applying a wear resistant or abrasive coating which can minimise metal to metal contact and provide an enhanced cutting action. Design considerations have lead to the development of a strain tolerant ceramic coating (STCC) which consists of a two layered, thermally sprayed yttria stabilised zirconia coating, applied over a bond coat. The bond coat not only providing good adhesion for the ceramic top layer but by using an HVOF applied MCrAlY, also provides oxidation protection at higher temperatures. This system is suitable for use on both compressor and turbine blades. It is designed to survive between overhauls when it can be easily removed and replaced. The coating was rigorously tested including severe thermal shock loading and long term oxidation. An examination of the microstructure showed that as-sprayed, the ceramic top coat had a dense structure. After testing it was found that the coating had survived by microcracking to relieve the applied stresses. Results from engine operation confirm that this coating system provides the designed protection for rotating blade tips and enables them to operate effectively against a MCrAlY seal.
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Khalil, Essam E. "Tips on Design of Energy Efficient Hospitals Air Conditioning Systems." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28349.
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Energy Efficiency and Indoor Air Quality in the healthcare applications and particularly in surgical operating theatres are important features in modernized designs. The various reasons for deviation from obtaining optimum IAQ and energy efficient buildings are listed. The air conditioning systems serving the operating rooms require careful design to minimize the concentration of airborne organisms. Numerical approach is an appropriate tool to be utilized to adequately identify the airflow patterns temperatures and relative humidity distributions and hence energy efficient designs.
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Yang, Huitao, Hamn-Ching Chen, and Je-Chin Han. "Numerical Prediction of Film Cooling and Heat Transfer With Different Film-Hole Arrangements on the Plane and Squealer Tip of a Gas Turbine Blade." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53199.
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The blade tip is one area that experiences high heat transfer due to the strong tip leakage flow. One of the common methods is to apply film cooling on tip to reduce the heat load. To get a better film cooling, different arrangements of film holes on the plane and squealer tips have been numerically studied with the Reynolds stress turbulence model and non-equilibrium wall function. The present study investigated three types of film-hole arrangements: 1) the camber arrangement: the film cooling holes are located on the mid-camber line of tips, 2) the upstream arrangement: the film holes are located upstream of the tip leakage flow and high heat transfer region, and 3) two rows arrangement: the camber and upstream arrangements are combined under the same amount of coolant. In addition, three different blowing ratios (M = 0.5, 1 and 1.5), are evaluated for film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient. The predicted heat transfer coefficients are in good agreement with the experimental data, but the film cooling effectiveness is over predicted on the blade tips.
Reports on the topic "Tipos de Agr"
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Smith, Jeffrey F. Commanding an Air Force Squadron in the 21st Century: A Practical Guide of Tips and Techniques for Today's Squadron Commander. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420565.
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Preheated Combustion Air (International Fact Sheet), Energy Tips-Process Heating, Process Heating Tip Sheet #1c. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/991058.
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Check Burner Air to Fuel Ratios (International Fact Sheet), Energy Tips-Process Heating, Process Heating Tip Sheet #2c. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/991060.
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