Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tissu nerveux'
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Awada, Rana. "Inflammation du tissu adipeux et vulnérabilité du système nerveux central." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783611.
Full textValarche, Isabelle. "Régulation de l'expression de molécules adhésives du tissu nerveux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX22011.
Full textBelkadi, Abdelmadjid. "Allogreffes et xenogreffes de tissu nerveux central embryonnaire dans le système nerveux central du rat adulte." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05S024.
Full textVériac, Sylvie. "Ischémie du tissu nerveux oculaire et radicaux libres dérivés de l'oxygène." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20106.
Full textDegrelle, Fabrice. "Etude des protéines phosphorylables du tissu nerveux d'Acheta domesticus et d'Apos mellifera." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30018.
Full textBlancher, Gabriel. "Contribution à l'étude des catécholamines humaines durant la période néonatale et la croissance." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112161.
Full textSablon, Jean-Christophe Berrod Jean-Paul. "Etude de la couche des fibres nerveuses visuelles par tomographie en cohérence optique." [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_SABLON_JEAN_CHRISTOPHE.pdf.
Full textEllie, Emmanuel. "Mise au point de cultures de tissu nerveux périphérique destinées à l'étude physiopathologique des neuropathies humaines." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR23094.
Full textLehoux, Sylvain. "Étude de l'expression et des mécanismes de régulation transcriptionnelle tissu-spécifique du gène ST6GAL2." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10102/document.
Full textSialylation is one of the last step of the biosynthesis of glycan chains carried by glycoproteins and glycolipids. The a2,6-sialylation of N-acetyllactosaminyl (Galß1-4GlcNAc) structures is commonly found at the end of glycan chains and is involved in numerous cell / cell or host / pathogen adhesion and recognition events. In Human, two sialyltransferases synthesise this glycan epitope, namely hST6Gal I and hST6Gal II. They differ from each other in substrate specificity an in tissue-specific pattern of expression. Whereas the gene encoding hST6Gal I, ST6GAL1, is expressed in almost all tissues, ST6GAL2 shows a narrower pattern of tissue expression essentially limited to fetal and adult brain. In addition, hST6Gal II exhibits similarities in terms of substrate specificity and gene expression pattern with the sialyltransferase identified in D. melanogaster and therefore, seems to have conserved ancestral properties required for brain function and growing nervous tissue. Several studies have shown that the expression of sialyltransferases is controlled at the transcriptional level by the use of specific promoters that regulate their expression in a tissue-specific fashion. Data about ST6GAL2 are rather limited; however, it appears the expression of this gene is finely regulated by mechanisms likely conserved through evolution. The aim of this thesis was to identify the 5’ non translated regions of the ST6GAL2 gene and to characterize the associated promoter regions. From a neuroblastoma cultured cell model, we identified by 5’RACE three types of transcripts which are different only in their first non-coding exon. Those exons, named EX, EY and EZ, are located more then 42 kbp upstream of the first common coding exon and are only separated by 124 and 87 bp, respectively. Using Taqman duplex Q-PCR technology we have shown that the transcripts initiated by EX and EY are predominantly expressed compared to EZ both in several cell lines and in human brain tissue samples. We also demonstrated that the hST6Gal II protein is expressed in the different lobes of the human cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the hippocampus. We isolated different genomic sequences upstream EX and within EX/EY/EZ region and inserted them in a reporter vector for luciferase assays. We could define two promoter sequences upstream EX and ZY. PCR site-directed mutagenesis experiments along with bioinformatics analysis revealed that transcription factors NF-?B and NRSF are likely to act as transcription inhibitors, whereas the Sox5, SP1, Pura and Olf1 factors would be involved in the transcriptional activation of ST6GAL2. The NRSF, Sox5, Pura and Olf1 transcription factors are notably involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes related to neuronal functions and the neuronal development. Eventually, we have shown evidence of a strong increased ST6GAL2 expression during neuronal differentiation of the NT2/D1 cell line under acid retinoic treatment, suggesting of putative role this enzyme in neuronal differentiation
Vignaux, Guillaume. "Rôle du système vestibulaire dans la régulation du tissu osseux chez le rongeur." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN3129.
Full textThe countermeasures currently practiced during long duration space flights to counter bone loss, a major factor limiting the exploration, are not as effective as on Earth, suggesting that other regulatory pathways are involved in bone remodeling and revealed in microgravity. We therefore hypothesized that the vestibular system, altered in space, may participate in the regulation of bone tissue. The studies were performed on adult rats by high resolution computed tomography, and biochemical markers, micro-scanner and histology with and without pharmacological treatment. The loss of vestibular information in a validated model of lesion with sodium arsanliate, resulting in a significant decrease in focused bone density in the femur and persistent over 4 months after injury. Treatment with beta-blocker counteracting this bone loss suggested a role for beta2-adrenergic osteoblastic receptors under sympathetic control in this process. This discovery has a direct clinical impact for patients without vestibular information (bilateral areflexia) which may suffer of a secondary osteoporosis. Similarly, this mechanism of vestibulo-dependent bone regulation lays the groundwork for a new countermeasure of bone loss for astronauts using vestibular sensory stimulation
Pathak, Atul. "Rôle du système nerveux autonome dans les interactions entre le tissu adipeux et le cœur : approches expérimentales et cliniques." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30001.
Full textObesity alone lead to a specific cardiovascular outcome. The excessive development of adipose tissue has a direct impact on heart through peptides secreted by adipocytes and autonomic nervous system modulation. In dogs, diet-induced obesity, through autonomic tone modulation induces dynamic ventricular repolarisation abnormalities. We validated this parameter as a prognostic factor for sudden cardiac death in heart failure patients. We also report the same repolarisation abnormalities in patients with uncomplicated obesity and show their normalisation by weight loss. A systemic study of cardiac transcriptome both in obese hypertensive dogs and in patients showed that obesity is characterised by an early, dynamic and specific molecular pattern. Finally, we identified adrenomedullin as an adipocyte secreted peptide able to upregulate M2-muscarinic receptor in cardiomyocytes derived from P19 cell line. Insulin, another elevated circulating peptide in obesity, downregulates M2-muscarinic receptor in cardiomyocytes derived from rats atrium, thus explaining obesity-related cardiovascular complications
ANDRIAMAMPANDRY, CHRISTIAN. "Mecanismes de synthese de novo de choline par methylations sequentielles de l'ethanolamine et de ses composes, dans le tissu nerveux." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13001.
Full textLevasseur, Régis. "Apport des modèles murins transgéniques dans la physiologie du tissu osseux et dans l'ostéoporose." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN3084.
Full textMoulin, Céline. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation d'un système électronique de mesure et excitation de tissu nerveux à matrices de microélectrodes." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0055/these.pdf.
Full textThis study aimed at contributing to the definition of an integrated device for the measurement and stimulation of neuronal bioelectric activities with a microelectrode array (MEA). The first step consisted in studying the measurement and stimulation phenomena related to the sensor environment, where highly variable bioelectric and electrochemical phenomena occur. The bibliography and experimental study highlighted the relation between experimental parameters of the MEA environment and the specifications of the electronic circuits. Moreover, the results of the experimental study made it possible to better understand and characterize the behavior of the MEA interface and the phenomena occurring during the bioelectric measurements and stimulations. Information collected thus contributed to the definition of the integrated electronic circuit specifications for the measurement and stimulation of bioelectric activities with a MEA. An application specific integrated circuit, currently under testing, has been developed based on information obtained during the PhD. In the last phase of this work, a finite element model has been developed to simulate extracellular action potential recordings of a tissue slice on a planar microelectrode array, in order to obtain additional information on the signal transduction from the neuron to the measuring circuit, and to be able to have a tool for the optimization of the biosignal measurements in terms of signal to ratio. The model is able to simulate extracellular recordings with properties similar to those observed in biological experiments. It was able to show the influence of the relative position between the electrode and the neuron on the shapes and amplitudes of the signals. It also showed that there is an optimum microelectrode surface area for a given electrode surface impedance, and for a relative neuron - electrode position. The exploitation of the model will allow, by incorporating the electrodes noise in it, to optimize the parameters of MEAs in terms of signal to noise ratio
Aubert-Foucher, Elisabeth. "La synapsine I de cerveau de boeuf : une phosphoprotéine du tissu nerveux : structure et étude de son interaction avec les microtubules." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10135.
Full textVerwaerde, Patrick. "Modifications de l'activite du systeme nerveux autonome et du metabolisme du tissu adipeux au cours d'une obesite nutritionnelle chez le chien." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30116.
Full textMoulin, Céline Barbier Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation d'un système électronique de mesure et excitation de tissu nerveux à matrices de microélectrodes." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2007. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=moulin.
Full textLeblond, Claire. "Shank2 : un nouveau gène impliqué dans la vulnérabilité des troubles du spectre autistique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077215.
Full textAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by deficits in social communication, absence or delay in language, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. While many rare variants in synaptic proteins have been identified in patients with ASD, little is known about their effects at the synapse and their interactions wit other genetic variations. Following the discovery of two de novo SHANK2 deletions by the Autism Genom Project, we identified a novel 421 kb de novo SHANK2 deletion in a patient with autism. We then sequence SHANK2 in 455 patients with ASD and 431 controls and integrated these results with those reported by Berke et al. 2010 (n=396 patients and n=659 controls). We observed a significant enrichment of variants affecting conserved amino acids in 29 out of 851 patients (3. 4%) and in 16 out of 1090 controls (1. 5%) (P=0. 00 OR=2. 37, 95% CI=1. 23-4. 70). In neuronal cell cultures, the variants identified in patients were associated wit a reduced synaptic density at dendrites compared to the variants only detected in controls (P=0. 0013 interestingly, the three patients with de novo SHANK2 deletions also carried inherited CNVs at 15qll-ql previously associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. In two cases, the nicotinic receptor CHRNA7 was duplicated and in one case the synaptic translation repressor CYFIP1 was deleted. These results strengthen the role of synaptic gene dysfunction in ASD but also highlight the presence of putative modifier genes, which is in keeping with the "multiple hit model" for ASD. A better knowledge of these genetic interactions will necessary to understand the complex inheritance pattern of ASD
MARSCHAL, PHILIPPE. "Isolement a l'etat actif, specificite glycannique de deux lectines endogenes a mannose du tissu nerveux (csl et r1) et clonage de la lectine csl." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13135.
Full textDufour, Pascal. "Utilisation d'axicons pour la microscopie à deux photons." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28480/28480.pdf.
Full textRenvoisé, Benoît. "Rôle de la protéine SMN, produit du gène de l'amyotrophie spinale, dans l'organisation supramoléculaire du noyau." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077118.
Full textSPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY (SMA) GENE PRODUCT SMN IS PART OF THE UBIQUITOUS SMN COMPLEX, WHICH IS INVOLVED IN SPLICEOSOMAL SNRNPS ASSEMBLY AND TRAFFICKING. MOSTLY LOCATED IN THE CYTOPLASM, THE SMN PROTEIN ACCUMULATES IN NUCLEAR GEMS/CAJAL BODIES (CBS), WHERE SNRNPS TRANSIT PRIOR THEIR LOCATION WITHIN THE NUCLEOPLASM. A CLOSE CORRELATION EXISTS BETWEEN THE REDUCED NUMBER OF CELLS WITH GEMS/CBS AND THE SEVERITY OF THE SMA DISEASE. WE SHOWED A DEFECTIVE SNRNPS ACCUMULATION IN GEMS/CBS FROM FIBROBLASTS DERIVED FROM ALL THREE TYPES OF SMA PATIENTS. TRANSIENT EXPRESSION OF SMN PROTEIN IN SMA CELLS WAS SUFFICIENT TO RESTORE THE SNRNPS ACCUMULATION IN GEMS/CBS. THE OBSERVATION THAT SMN PROTEIN WAS PRESENT IN GEMS/CBS DEPLETED OF SNRNPS SUGGESTED TO US THAT SMN COULD FORM NUCLEAR BODIES ON ITS OWN. USING SMN DOMAIN DELETION MUTANTS, WE SHOWED THAT THE TUDOR DOMAIN COOPERATES WITH EACH OF THE TWO OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAINS FOR PROTEIN LOCALISATION IN GEMS/CBS. MOREOVER, WE SHOWED THAT SEVERAL SMN DOMAINS PLAY A ROLE IN THE NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROTEIN. FINALLY, THE MOST FREQUENT DISEASE-LINKED MUTANT PROTEIN SMNdelta? FORMED IN VITRO A COMPLEX THAT INCORPORATES ALTERED PROPORTIONS OF SMN PROTEIN AND GEMIN2 COMPARED TO THE FULL-LENGTH SMN PROTEIN. IN CONCLUSION, THE SMA DISEASE COULD RESULT FROM AN ABNORMAL COMPOSITION OF THE SMN COMPLEXES
Quilliot, Didier. "Résistance à l'action des catécholamines, de la leptine et de l'insuline au cours de l'obésité : étude de la réactivité du système nerveux autonome "in vivo" et de la lipolyse "in vitro"." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0252_QUILLIOT.pdf.
Full textA decreased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reactivity could be involved in the physiopathology of obesity. We used spectral analysis to measure the variability of heart rate and blood pressure in normotensive obese subjects. In standing position, baroreflexe sensitivity and SNS reactivity were altered and negatively correlated to insulin resistance indexes. After a glucose load, an impaired change in indices of sympathetic modulation was observed. Increased leptin to fat mass ratio was paradoxically associated with a decreased sympathetic cardiac modulation. This relationship persisted after weight loss. These abnormalities including impaired SNS reactivity, insulin resistance and an increased leptin concentration for a given fat mass, without hypertension could be described as a particular phenotype of obesity. Catecholamine resistance of adipocyte lipolysis could be related to cell membrane abnormalities. This hypothesis was tested in vitro by increasing the membrane sphingomyelin content of 3T3L1 adipocytes. At short term, a decrease in stimulated lipolysis was observed, that could be related to abnormal membrane signal transduction. The transcription of genes implicated in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and lipogenesis was activated, but without change in the transcription of beta-adrenergic receptors
Gazquez, Elodie. "Études des interactions fonctionnelles entre l'endothéline-3, les intégrines beta1 et les propriétés élastiques du tissu embryonnaire au cours du développement du système nerveux entérique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066240/document.
Full textThe enteric nervous system (ENS) is derived from enteric neural crest cells (ENCC) that migrate along the length of the intestine through the gut mesenchyme. During this process, ENCC proliferate and differentiate into glial cells and neurons, which aggregate into ganglia. The aim of my thesis is to study how biochemical and mechanical properties of the gut tissue influence ENCC colonization and fate during embryogenesis. The absence of endothelin-3 (EDN3), a small peptide trapped in the embryonic gut mesenchyme, is one of the causes leading to hirschsprung disease, characterized by an aganglionosis of the distal colon. We highlighted for the first time that EDN3 increases ENCC adhesion properties throught 1-integrins focal adhesions and modulates their protrusion dynamics. Moreover, we evidenced a genetic interaction between Edn3 and Itgb1 during ENS development. Also, it is now well established that mechanical properties of the microenvironment influence fundamental mechanisms such as cell migration and cell fate determination. Thus, we analysed whether the mechanical properties of the ENCC’s environment influence their behaviours. Using biophysical approaches, we evidenced a physiological stiffening of the embryonic gut during its development and showed that ENCC migration in 3D is inhibited above a certain rigidity threshold. Finally, we begun to analyse the influence of the elastic properties of the environment onto enteric progenitor cells differenciation, taking advantage of the neurosphere culture system. All together, our results contribute to the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving physiological and pathological ENS ontogenesis
Lepage, Pierre. "Etude structurale de proteines lipophiles (proteolipides) du systeme nerveux central : utilisation de la spectrometrie de masse pour le sequencage de peptides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13007.
Full textSilva, Diana. "Le rôle du système nerveux sensoriel dans l'orchestration de la formation osseuse, le remodelage et la régénération tissulaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0919/document.
Full textAdvances in the understanding of bone biology have identified the sensory nervous system as a critical regulator in the orchestration of bone formation, remodeling, and repair. However, the precise role of the sensory nervous system on bone tissue, particularly on osteoprogenitor cells, remains unknown. Firstly, we were interested in clarifying whether dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons would be able to induce the osteoblast differentiation by acting directly on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Afterwards, we attempted to understand whether the canonical Wnt signaling pathway could be implicated in the DRG neurons-induced osteoblastogenesis. In the second part of this study, we aimed at better characterizing the subset of DRG neurons involved in the direct regulation of osteoblast differentiation from MSCs. In this work we provide several novel insights: i) we show that sensory neurons have a positive and direct effect on osteoblast differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells, ii) by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; and iii) we suggest that this effect is mainly regulated by sensorimotor neurons, iv) which possibly mediate the local release of neuroactive factors
Rhrich-Haddout, Fatiha. "Greffe de tissu nerveux fœtal homotypique et hétérotypique dans la moelle épinière du rat adulte après lésion traumatique expérimentale : étude morphologique et immunocytochimique de la différenciation des neurones transplantes." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05CD08.
Full textMertes, Paul Michel. "Conséquences de la mort cérébrale sur l'intégration neuro-endocrine du tissu cardiaque : apport de la technique de microdialyse du liquide interstitiel myocardique : étude expérimentale chez le porc." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10399.
Full textSta, Marouen. "Comparaison tractographie IRM - tissu cérébral et optimisation de la reconstruction tractographique par algorithme génétique." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR3305/document.
Full textTractography validation and optimization of tracking parameters against a ground truth are mandatory before a large clinical use. First, we present a method to quantitatively compare tractography reconstructions to a ground truth derived from laser scanner acquisitions of dissected specimens. This comparison allows evaluation of multiple models and tractography approaches (deterministic, probabilistic…). The ground truth used for this comparison was acquired from dissected specimens using a surface laser scanner, which produces triangulated surface meshes. Data transformation to a common format was necessary before quantitative comparisons. Two comparison methods were proposed, surface-to-surface and volume-to-volume. Second, we propose a method for automatic optimization of deterministic tractography parameters using a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA is an iterative optimization algorithm based on natural selection, which is able to optimize complex problems having several parameters. For a given ground truth fasciculus, the GA was expected to find the set of tractography parameters producing the best tractography result according to the ground truth. The comparison and optimization methods were applied to a synthetic bundle derived from a phantom and to two dissected white matter tracts of a human post mortem brain
Ng, Tat-fong. "Molecular basis for regeneration of CNS : a possible regulatory role of growth associated protein-43 /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17538786.
Full textGuerci, Aline. "Etude des mécanismes impliqués dans la mise en place et le contrôle de l'expression du gène neurogénine 3 dans le système nerveux central et le pancréas." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466806.
Full textRaji, Bahija. "Etude de l'expression des protéines Musashi1 et Partner of Inscuteable Pins dans l'oeil de souris au cours de développement et à l'âge adulte." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077145.
Full textIn this work, we studied the expression and the role of the Musashi1 and partner of inscuteable (Pins) proteins in the development of the eye. We showed an expression of Msi1 in various potential sites of ocular stem cells during the development and at adulthood. These zones include the retina, ciliary body, iris, pigmentary epithelium, lens, cornea and the limbus. Msi1 is also present in the adult neurons. This distribution in various ocular compartiments and at various stages of the development suggests that Msi1 could play an important role at multiple stages of the eye development. Msi1 could be also implied in physiology and function of the adult neurons. We also showed that the Pins protein is expressed in the retinal cells very early during the embryonic development where it could play an important role in stem/progenitors cells division. The expression of Pins protein in the photoreceptors, implied in Visual transduction, suggests that this protein could play an important role in this process. In addition, the predominent expression of Pins protein in the lens epithelial cells and fibers lens at the adulthood pointed out the probable important roles of this protein in the growth and the maintenance of the physiological properties of the lens. Keywords: Musashi1, Pins, asymmetric cell division, stem cells, adult neurons
吳達方 and Tat-fong Ng. "Molecular basis for regeneration of CNS: a possible regulatory role of growth associated protein-43." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31235219.
Full textRoussignol, Gautier. "Un problème épineux : rôles fonctionnels de la protéine Shank dans la synaptogenèse et la morphogenèse des épines dendritiques." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON1T006.
Full textPéraldi-Roux, Sylvie. "Marqueurs de structure et de fonction dans les épendymocytes "in vivo" et "in vitro" : mise en évidence de l'expression des protéines-G à l'aide d'anticorps polyclonaux et monoclonaux." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20167.
Full textDainous, Francine. "Etude de la synthese et du metabolisme des composes a choline dans les cellules nerveuses en culture." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13146.
Full textVega, Céline. "Le rôle du lactate dans le métabolisme aérobie du nerf vague : un substrat transféré de la cellule de Schwann à l'axone ?" Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28609.
Full textChan, Pok-man. "Cloning of hamster GAP-43 to study the expression and regulation of GAP-43 mRNA in the retina during degeneration and regeneration /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2063299X.
Full textYe, Jian Hui. "Stratégies de réparation de la moelle épinière et de ses connexions motrices, chez le rat et le chien adultes, a l'aide de transplants de tissu nerveux fœtal ou adulte et de nerfs périphériques autologues : capacités d'axogénèse des neurones hotes et des neurones transplantés." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05CD05.
Full textLaugier, Pascal. "Estimation in vivo de l'attenuation des ultrasons dans les tissus biologiques par analyse temps-frequence du signal echographique." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077127.
Full textBelanger, Kayla Ann. "A functionalizable nerve graft design based on an organized electrospun silk fibroin nanofiber biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2410/document.
Full textInjury to a peripheral nerve can cause loss of sensory and motor function, and if the injury is very severe where the nerve undergoes neurotmesis, unassisted nerve regeneration may not occur. In this case, where the gap between nerve segments is too large to carry out a direct end to end suture, a graft is sutured to bridge the gap between sectioned nerve segments. The autologous nerve graft, where a portion of a less important nerve from the same patient is removed and grafted between nerve segments, continues to be the gold standard procedure for nerve repair. However, there are several drawbacks of this technique including a second surgical procedure, loss of function at the donor site, possibility of developing a painful neuroma at the donor site, and the 50% success rate of autografts used in large gaps. There is therefore a need for a tissue engineered nerve graft that can replace the autograft, and this study aims to advance toward an effective autograft alternative. This PhD is presented as a three part study consisting first of the development of a novel nerve guidance conduit based on a tri-layered silk fibroin nanofiber material comprised of a complex organization including two aligned fiber surfaces and a randomly deposited fiber interior to improve the mechanical properties of the material while not compromising the guidance capabilities of aligned nanofibers for nerve regeneration. The material is then used to fabricate a multi-channeled tube with an additional “jacket layer” in order to facilitate surgical implantation. This NGC has been submitted to be patented on July 12, 2017 and is the subject of the second article submitted for review for publication. The second part of this study explores the different possibilities of the functionalization of the material in order to improve the effectiveness for nerve regeneration. This study explores functionalizing the silk fibroin with a second protein, several growth factors, and nanoparticles that all have potential to add favorable properties to the natural biocompatible silk fibroin material. The final part of this study tests the effectiveness of growth factor-embedded silk fibroin NGCs for peripheral nerve regeneration in comparison with non-functionalized silk fibroin devices and a direct suture to simulate results obtained with an autograft. Three different techniques for the evaluation of nerve regeneration were used in order to produce a more comprehensive analysis. As there are many mechanisms involved in nerve regeneration, only one or two analysis techniques cannot paint a complete picture of the success of nerve regeneration. Therefore, histological analyses, electromyography analyses, and motion capture analyses were carried out and considered together in order to make a conclusion on the level of nerve regeneration success during this study. The conclusions from this study were that a NGC functionalized with a combination of growth factors appeared to exhibit the most successful nerve regeneration and functional recovery
Mascarelli, Frédéric. "Purification et mode d'action des facteurs de croissance de type fgfs d'origine nerveuse." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066402.
Full textRussell, Anthony Bryant. "Neurexin as a protein component of specialized cell domains in the nervous system /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10523.
Full textTsui, Yat-ping. "In vitro derivation of myelinatiog Schwann cells for use in chitosan-based nerve guidance channels." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41758006.
Full text陳博文。 and Pok-man Chan. "Cloning of hamster GAP-43 to study the expression and regulation of GAP-43 mRNA in the retina during degeneration and regeneration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31220423.
Full textTsui, Yat-ping, and 徐軼冰. "In vitro derivation of myelinatiog Schwann cells for use in chitosan-based nerve guidance channels." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41758006.
Full textStabenfeldt, Sarah Elizabeth. "Bioactive thermoresponsive hydrogels for neural tissue engineering." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26680.
Full textCommittee Chair: LaPlaca, Michelle; Committee Member: Bellamkonda, Ravi; Committee Member: Garcia, Andres; Committee Member: Hochman, Shawn; Committee Member: Wang, Yadong. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Grasbon-Frodl, Eva Maria. "Parameters affecting the survival of cultured and grafted embryonic neurons." Lund : Section of Neuronal Survival, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Dept. of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Lund, 1996. http://books.google.com/books?id=XIVsAAAAMAAJ.
Full textHoney, C. R. "Immunosuppression with monoclonal antibodies in neural transplantation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ea39dc7a-4ada-4c21-8cef-4649cb322646.
Full textBaiget, Orts María Amparo. "HYALURONAN BASED BIOMATERIALS FOR CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUE REGENERATION." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/14576.
Full textBaiget Orts, MA. (2012). HYALURONAN BASED BIOMATERIALS FOR CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUE REGENERATION [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14576
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Deans, Jacqueline Kim. "Effect of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields on nervous tissue." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400539.
Full text