Relevant bibliographies by topics / To 500 B.C

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'To 500 B.C'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "To 500 B.C"

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Tykot, Robert H., and Gary S. Webster. "A Prehistory of Sardinia, 2300-500 B. C." American Journal of Archaeology 102, no. 4 (October 1998): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506111.

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Lazrus, Paula Kay, and Gary S. Webster. "A Prehistory of Sardinia 2300-500 B. C." Journal of Field Archaeology 26, no. 4 (1999): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530710.

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Terrenato, Nicola, and Christopher J. Smith. "Early Rome and Latium. Economy and Society c. 1000-500 B. C." American Journal of Archaeology 101, no. 2 (April 1997): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/506530.

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Nitschke, Katja, Hendrik Luxenburger, Muthamia M. Kiraithe, Robert Thimme, and Christoph Neumann-Haefelin. "CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Hepatitis B and C: The (HLA-) A, B, and C of Hepatitis B and C." Digestive Diseases 34, no. 4 (2016): 396–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000444555.

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Approximately 500 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide and are thus at high risk of progressive liver disease, leading to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and ultimately hepatocellular cancer. Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells play a major role in viral clearance in >90% of adult patients who clear HBV and in approximately 30% of patients who clear HCV in acute infection. However, several mechanisms contribute to the failure of the adaptive CD8+ T-cell response in those patients who progress to chronic infection. These include viral mutations leading to escape from the CD8+ T-cell response as well as exhaustion and dysfunction of virus-specific CD8+ T-cells. Antiviral efficacy of the virus-specific CD8+ T-cell response also strongly depends on its restriction by specific human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I alleles. Our review will summarize the role of HLA-A, B and C-restricted CD8+ T-cells in HBV and HCV infection. Due to the current lack of a comprehensive database of HBV- and HCV-specific CD8+ T-cell epitopes, we also provide a summary of the repertoire of currently well-described HBV- and HCV-specific CD8+ T-cell epitopes. A better understanding of the factors that contribute to the success or failure of virus-specific CD8+ T-cells may help to develop new therapeutic options for HBV eradication in patients with chronic HBV infection (therapeutic vaccination and/or immunomodulation) as well as a prophylactic vaccine against HCV infection.
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van Vuuren, C. P. J., and P. P. Stander. "The oxidation kinetics of FeV2O4 in the range 200–500°C." Thermochimica Acta 254 (April 1995): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(94)02090-b.

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Singh, S. V., D. D. Dao, C. A. Partridge, C. Theodore, S. K. Srivastava, and Y. C. Awasthi. "Different forms of human liver glutathione s-transferases arise from dimeric combinations of at least four immunologically and functionally distinct subunits." Biochemical Journal 232, no. 3 (December 15, 1985): 781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2320781.

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Four immunologically distinct subunits were characterized in glutathione (GSH) S-transferases of human liver. Five cationic enzymes (pI 8.9, 8.5, 8.3, 8.2 and 8.0) have an apparently similar subunit composition, and are dimers of 26 500-Mr (A) and 24 500-Mr (B) subunits. A neutral enzyme, pI 6.8, is a dimer of B-type subunits. One of the anionic enzymes, pI 5.5, is also a dimer of 26 500-Mr subunits. However, the 26 500-Mr subunits of this anionic enzyme form are immunologically distinct from the A subunits of the cationic enzymes, and have been designated as A'. Immunoabsorption studies with the neutral enzyme, BB, and the antibodies raised against the cationic enzymes (AB) indicate that A and B subunits are immunologically distinct. Hybridization in vitro of the A and B subunits of the cationic enzymes (AB) results in the expected binary combinations of AA, AB and BB. Studies with the hybridized enzyme forms indicate that only the A subunits express GSH peroxidase activity. A' subunits have maximum affinity for p-nitrobenzyl chloride and p-nitrophenyl acetate, and the B subunits have highest activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. The other anionic form, pI 4.5, present in liver is a heterodimer of 22 500-Mr (C) and B subunits. The C subunits of this enzyme are probably the same as the 22 500-Mr subunits present in human lung and placental GSH transferases. The distinct immunological nature of B and C subunits was also demonstrated by immunoaffinity and subunit-hybridization studies. The results of two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoretic analyses indicate that in human liver GSH transferases, three charge isomers of Mr 26 500 (A type), two charge isomers of Mr 24 500 (B type) and two charge isomers of Mr 22 500 (C type) subunits are present.
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Lin, Wen Song, Ning Xiang Fang, and Liang He. "Wear Properties of Reaction Sintered B4C Composites." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.883.

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B4C/CNTs and B4C/Ccomposites were prepared by reaction-sintering technique. The density and porosity of the samples were determined and three-points bending strengths of the composites were measured. Wear resistance tests were performed using a HT-500 pin-on-disc tribometer with the sample placed horizontally on a turning table. The morphology of the worn surfaces and fracture of the composites were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy so as to explore the wear mechanisms. The results indicate that B4C/CNTs composites show improved friction and wear properties as compared with B4C/C composites. It is found that CNTs in the specimens play important role in improving the wear properties of the composites. The wear mechanism of the B4C/CNTs composites is characterized by micro-cutting and plowing at ambient temperature, and sub-surface cracking and the resultant localized spalling on the worn surface at the temperatures higher than 500°C.
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Mukhopadhyay, Arkadeb, Tapan Barman, Prasanta Sahoo, and J. Davim. "Comparative Study of Tribological Behavior of Electroless Ni–B, Ni–B–Mo, and Ni–B–W Coatings at Room and High Temperatures." Lubricants 6, no. 3 (August 2, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants6030067.

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Ni–B alloys deposited by the electroless method are considered to be hard variants of the electroless nickel family. Inclusion of Mo or W to form ternary alloys improves the thermal stability of electroless nickel coatings. Therefore, in the present work, Ni–B, Ni–B–Mo, and Ni–B–W coatings are deposited; and their tribological behavior at room and high temperatures are investigated. Electroless Ni–B, Ni–B–Mo, and Ni–B–W coatings are deposited on AISI 1040 steel substrates. The coatings are heat treated to improve their mechanical properties and crystallinity. Tribological behavior of the coatings is determined on a pin-on-disc type tribological test setup using various applied normal loads (10–50 N) and sliding speeds (0.25–0.42 m/s) to measure wear and coefficient of friction at different operating temperatures (25 °C–500 °C). Ni–B–W coatings are observed to have higher wear resistance than Ni–B or Ni–B–Mo coatings throughout the temperature range considered. Although for coefficient of friction, no such trend is observed. The worn surface of the coatings at 500 °C is characterized by lubricious oxide glazes, which lead to enhanced tribological behavior compared with that at 100 °C. A study of the coating characteristics such as composition, phase transformations, surface morphology, and microhardness is also carried out prior to tribological tests.
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Boksenbaum, Martin William, Paul Tolstoy, Garman Harbottle, Jerome Kimberlin, and Mary Neivens. "Obsidian Industries and Cultural Evolution in the Basin of Mexico before 500 B. C." Journal of Field Archaeology 14, no. 1 (1987): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530207.

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Hedayati, Raheleh, Luigia Lanni, Bengt Gunnar Malm, Ana Rusu, and Carl-Mikael Zetterling. "A 500 °C 8-b Digital-to-Analog Converter in Silicon Carbide Bipolar Technology." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 63, no. 9 (September 2016): 3445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2016.2588418.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "To 500 B.C"

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Patel, Anjana. "Recombinant synthesis of pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C." Thesis, Aston University, 2018. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/37638/.

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SP-B and SP-C are two pulmonary surfactant proteins. They were isolated in the tear film in 2006 (Lukovic et al. 2006). The molecular mechanism governing lipid spreading in the tear film is not well understood and, along with their production in yeast (as an alternative to animal derived material) provide the motives for this research. To investigate the involvement of SP-B and SP-C in lipid spreading, SP-B and SP-C have been produced as recombinant proteins in Pichia pastoris yeast. SP-B and SP-C are cleaved from their proproteins to produce mature active proteins and both forms were produced recombinantly. The proteins were extracted with detergents, polymers and organic solvents to determine the best method of protein isolation and purification. Purified proteins were subsequently tested for surface activity using a Langmuir trough; proSP-C10 and SP-B demonstrated surface tension activity. The mechanism of SP-B and SP-C was examined through generation of ab initio structural models. The behaviour of SP-B and SP-C was observed in membranes based on phospholipid compositions surrounding the SP-B and SP-C in the yeast plasma membrane using mass spectrometry analysis. Computational modelling then demonstrated that SP-B induces lipid curvature, whilst SP-C may help to stabilise lipid vesicles by forming a molecular bridge between the membrane and vesicle. SP-B is thought to help remodel the lung lipid layer on compression through the formation of vesicles that are connected to the membrane by SP-C.
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Frost, James Richard. "Total syntheses of callipeltosides A, B and C." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608003.

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Rogge, Torben. "Experimental and Computational Studies on Ruthenium- and Manganese-Catalyzed C-H and C-C Activation." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1298-B.

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Schmidt, Harald. "Fundamentals of self-diffusion in amorphous Si-(B-)C-N." Diffusion fundamentals 2 (2005) 59, S. 1-2, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14392.

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Watson, Christine Anne Louise. "Total synthesis of bistheonellic acid B/ total synthesis of scytophycin C." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627216.

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Schmidt, Harald. "Fundamentals of self-diffusion in amorphous Si-(B-)C-N." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-196130.

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Krevet, B. [Verfasser]. "Keimbildung und Phasenwachstum von hoch-Tsub(c)Nb₃Ge-Aufdampfschichten / B. Krevet." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1196632383/34.

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Pang, P. S. "Studies towards the synthesis of the core of Sarains A, B, & C." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/14229/.

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Sarains A-C are alkaloids isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Reniera sarai, which possess moderate antibacterial, insecticidal and antitumour properties. These alkaloids are popular targets for total synthesis, thanks to their rather unusual and challenging structure, which consists of a central diazatricyclic cage attached to two peripheral macrocycles. Arguably the most challenging aspect of their synthesis is that of the tricyclic core, and our approach involves a novel rearrangement of a simpler bicyclic aminal system. This thesis describes various attempts to synthesise cis-fused octahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrrole ring systems that bear an endo acetaldehyde-derived substituent in the 3-position. The research into the synthesis of this ring system began with enantioselective approaches, utilising asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions to establish the stereochemistry required for subsequent transformations into the bicyclic aminal. Progress from these reactions was troublesome. In racemic approaches, the use of a Michael reaction was unsuccessful, but successful installation of the required stereochemistry was achieved by use of a thio-Claisen rearrangement. Using this method, the aforementioned functionalised acetaldehyde was produced in good yield in ten steps from simple starting materials. This provided a branching point for the exploration of four different, but related routes to the sarain core involving the generation of diazoketones, a bromoketone and hydroxy-aldehydes. Substrates to test our proposed rearrangement reaction were synthesised, but transformations into the sarain core proved unfruitful. However, a different tricyclic compound has been produced from a hydroxy-aldehyde approach. In a separate investigation instigated by a result from previous research into synthesis of the sarain core, it was found that treatment of tertiary formamides with a silylated diazoester in the presence of rhodium acetate leads to formation of 3-amino-2- silyloxyacrylates in good yields. The scope and limitations of this novel reaction were investigated.
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Schinkel, Marvin. "Rutheniumkatalysierte Addition von nicht aktivierten C(sp²)–H- und C(sp³)–H-Bindungen an Alkene." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0015-A380-B.

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Schlundt, Waldemar [Verfasser]. "Neue Colchicin-Analoga mit modifiziertem B/C Ringsystem als kovalent Tubulin-bindende Wirkstoffe und Stereoselektive Totalsynthese von (2R)-α-Tocopherol durch desymmetrisierende C-C-Aktivierung / Waldemar Schlundt." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1155057201/34.

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Books on the topic "To 500 B.C"

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C, Freudenrich Craig, ed. 500 AP physics B & C questions to know by test day. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012.

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Richemond, Albert De. 500 AP physics B & C questions to know by test day. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012.

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Steig, William. C D B. New York: Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers, 2000.

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Chute, Douglas L. B/C powerlaboratory. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1996.

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Belinda, Evans, ed. A B C. London: Collins Educational, 1994.

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Wegman, William. A B C. New York: Hyperion, 1994.

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Wegman, William. A B C. New York: Hyperion, 1994.

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Filipek, Nina. A B C. Manchester: World International Publishing, 1986.

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A B C. New York: Atheneum, 1985.

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Wegman, William. A B C. New York: Hyperion, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "To 500 B.C"

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Predel, B. "B - C (Boron - Carbon)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 25–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_5.

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Predel, B. "C - Lu (Carbon - Lutetium)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 137. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_93.

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Predel, B. "C - Si (Carbon - Silicon)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 145. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_100.

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Predel, B. "C - Ta (Carbon - Tantalum)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 146. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_101.

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Predel, B. "C - Tm (Carbon - Thulium)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 150. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_103.

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Predel, B. "C - V (Carbon - Vanadium)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 151–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_104.

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Predel, B. "C - Y (Carbon - Yttrium)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 153–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_105.

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Predel, B. "C - Zr (Carbon - Zirconium)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 155. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_106.

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Predel, B. "Ba - C (Barium - Carbon)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_49.

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Predel, B. "C - Co (Carbon - Cobalt)." In B - Ba … Cu - Zr, 129. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44756-6_85.

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Conference papers on the topic "To 500 B.C"

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Matsui, Yuichi, Masahiko Hiratani, and Isamu Asano. "A 500ｰC fabrication process for MIM capacitors-based on a Ta2O5/Nb2O5 bilayer with high permittivity-for DRAM and SoC applications." In 2004 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2004.b-9-3.

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Chaker, Mustapha, Cyrus B. Meher-Homji, and Thomas Mee. "Inlet Fogging of Gas Turbine Engines: Part C — Fog Behavior in Inlet Ducts, CFD Analysis and Wind Tunnel Experiments." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30564.

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The inlet fogging of gas turbine engines for power augmentation has seen increasing application over the past decade yet not a single technical paper treating the physics and engineering of the fogging process, droplet size measurement, droplet kinetics, or the duct behavior of droplets, from a gas turbine perspective, is available. This paper along with Parts A and B provides the results of extensive experimental and theoretical studies conducted over several years coupled with practical aspects learned in the implementation of nearly 500 inlet fogging systems on gas turbines ranging in power from 5 to 250 MW. In part C of this paper, the complex behavior of fog droplets in the inlet duct is addressed and experimental results from several wind tunnel studies are covered.
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Terada, Susumu, Masato Yamada, and Tomoaki Nakanishi. "Proposed Code Case of Creep Fatigue Evaluation of 9Cr-1Mo-V Steels for High Pressure Vessels in ASME Section VIII Division 2." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45327.

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9Cr-1Mo-V steels (Gr. 91), which has an excellent performance at high temperature in mechanical properties and hydrogen resistance, has been used for tubing and piping materials in power industries and it can be a candidate material for high pressure vessels for high temperature processes in refining industries. The current Section VIII Division 2 of ASME code does not permit method A of paragraph 5.5.2.3 to be used for the exemption from fatigue analysis for Gr. 91 steels due to limitation of specified minimum tensile strength (585 MPa > 552 MPa). Method B of paragraph 5.5.2.4 also can’t be used because it requires the use of the fatigue curve which is limited to 371 °C lower than the needed temperature. Therefore new rules for fatigue evaluation of Gr. 91 steels at temperatures greater than 371 °C and less than 500 °C similar to CC 2605 for 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V(Gr. 22V) steels are necessary. This paper provides fatigue test results at 500 °C for Gr. 91 steels, the modification of CC 2605, sample inelastic analysis results for nozzles. Then, the new Code Case for Gr. 91 steels is proposed from these results.
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West, David L., Fred C. Montgomery, and Timothy R. Armstrong. "High-T NOx Sensing Elements Using Conductive Oxides and Pt." In ASME 2004 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2004-0854.

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Development of NOx sensing elements intended for operation at T ∼600 °C are described. The elements were fabricated by depositing co-planar La1-x Srx BO3 (B = Cr, Fe) and Pt electrodes on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates. Characterization of the elements included response to NO2 and NO as well as the [O2] dependence of the NO2 response. Much stronger (∼ 40 mV for 450 ppm NO2 in 7 vol% O2 at 600 °C) sensing responses were observed for NO2 than NO, indicating these elements are best suited for detection of NO2. Pronounced asymmetries were observed between the NO2 step response and recovery times for the elements, with temperature being the primary variable governing the recovery times in the temperature range 500–700 °C.
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Goebel, Summer, and Colin R. Criminger. "Performance Experienced From Switching Copper Condenser Tubing to a High Performance Stainless." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54828.

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Over a period of five years, the condensers of two sister 500 MW Units, in the Midwest, were retubed using a SEA-CURE® S44660 material. S44660 is a high alloy, super ferritic stainless steel. The S44660 material replaced the original Admiralty and copper/nickel condenser tubing. Several factors contributed to the decision to use S44660 as the condenser tube material. The critical factor in the decision was a pending lower copper discharge limit in the plant’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The plant was unable to meet the lower copper limits with copper condenser tube material. In service since the early 1970’s, Unit A and B condensers were subjected to conditions, including silting and operational upsets, which negatively affected condenser performance. A third 500 MW sister Unit, Unit C, operational in the mid 80’s, experienced similar conditions. All three units are based load coal units and use cooling towers to cool the circulating water. The cooling tower make-up comes from the Arkansas River, which also receives the effluent from the plant. During the summer of 2011, shortly after the Unit B condenser retube, both A & B condensers showed degradation in performance. Through a series test and trials, the causes of degradation were identified and corrected. The cause was a combination of the tube material, lower river levels, higher than normal temperatures, macro fouling, and air in leakage.
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Natansohn, S., and A. E. Pasto. "Improved Processing Methods for Silicon Nitride Ceramics." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-316.

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This paper reviews the status of a program1 to develop silicon nitride ceramics of high strength and reliability, with the material performance goals being a tensile strength of 900 MPa at room temperature and 500 MPa at 1370°C, both with a Weibull modulus of 20. The selected process consists of injection molding and hot isostatic pressing of a silicon nitride formulation containing 6 w/o yttria as sintering aid. A comprehensive experimental approach has been adopted which consists of: a. complete characterization and subsequent modification of the starting silicon nitride powder in an attempt to correlate powder characteristics to ceramic properties; b. the design and fabrication of appropriate specimens for tensile strength testing; c. the implementation of alternate powder processing and shaping techniques, including the design of new compounding/molding equipment; and d. the expansion of non-destructive evaluation capabilities.
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Sheets, Colton, Taylor Shie, and Adam Crawford. "Thin-Wall Pipeline Repair: Evaluation of Reinforcement Systems and Internal Temperature Monitoring During Maintenance Procedures." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78647.

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There are many options available to pipeline operators when addressing anomalies or integrity threats. Repairing integrity threats requires an understanding of both the anomaly to be repaired, and the repair system itself. This can be challenging as pipeline repair systems come in a wide variety of materials, application techniques, and designs. Operators have similar challenges when performing maintenance activities on operating pipelines. Maintenance activities can take many different forms and often involve welding or other high temperature processes on the outside pipe surface. These processes can result in elevated temperatures on the inside surface of the pipeline and must be seriously considered before undertaking to ensure the safety of personnel performing the tasks and to protect the integrity of the pipeline. This study aimed to provide a greater understanding of pipeline reinforcement systems and maintenance activities as they relate specifically to thin-walled pipelines. To evaluate systems reinforcing thin-wall pipes, five different repair systems were investigated using 12.75-inch × 0.219-inch, Gr. X65 pipe that had been removed from service. The systems included a Type B steel sleeve, an epoxy-filled, interference fit, Type A steel sleeve, a hybrid steel sleeve-fiberglass based composite repair system, epoxy-filled oversized Type A steel sleeves, and a rigid coil, pre-cured, fiberglass-based composite repair system. Each system was used to reinforce a simulated 50% wall loss anomaly and was installed with the pipe samples maintained at an internal pressure equal to 33% of the pipe’s specified minimum yield strength (SMYS). The samples underwent pressure cycling and hydrostatic testing while strains in the simulated wall loss region were continually monitored. As a final step, the samples were burst tested. Monitoring of strain gages installed in the simulated wall loss anomaly allowed for comparisons to be made between the tested repair systems. It was observed that the recorded strain magnitudes and strain ranges were higher in some samples than others during testing. This allowed the systems to be ranked according to the recorded strains. Although differences were observed in the recorded strains, burst testing showed that all reinforcement systems were able to force failure to the base pipe outside of the simulated wall loss region. Maintenance procedures were also evaluated to identify those that could produce unacceptable temperatures on the inside surface of the thin-wall pipe. The maintenance procedures included installation of Type A steel sleeves (non-pressure containing), Type B steel sleeves (pressure containing), cad welds, and pin brazing cathodic protection (CP) test leads. Temperatures were monitored on the internal pipe surface using thermocouples and an infrared (IR) camera while the maintenance procedures were being performed. An internal surface temperature of 500 °F (260 °C) was set as the threshold for suitability. Monitoring of the Type B steel sleeve installation showed temperatures on the inside surface of the pipe that exceeded 1,200 °F (648 °C) when performing the circumferential weld at each end of the steel sleeve. A maximum temperature of 280 °F (137 °C) was recorded when making the longitudinal welds that included a backing strip. For the application being considered, this indicated that Type A steel sleeves (longitudinal welds only) could be installed within the required temperature limits. A maximum internal temperature of 936 °F (502 °C) was recorded during cad-welding. Pin-brazing was slightly lower, but also exceeded the 500 °F threshold. This testing confirmed that the installation of Type B steel sleeves, cad welding, or pin brazing should receive scrutiny before being performed on operating thin-wall pipelines.
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Na, Suok-Min, and Alison B. Flatau. "Surface Segregation of Sulfur and Its Effect on Surface-Energy-Induced Selective Grain Growth in Magnetostrictive Fe-Ga-B Alloy." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-506.

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The surface-energy-induced selective grain growth with a specific plane can be governed in polycrystalline Fe-Ga-B alloys doped with sulfur. The segregated sulfur during texture annealing played an important role in controlling the surface energy to induce the selective growth of {100} or {110} grains, corresponding to maximum magnetostrictive performance, along <001> orientation with respect to rolling direction. The results show that sulfur diffuses (adsorbs) from bulk interior (sulfur atmosphere) then segregates on the surface. The amount of segregated sulfur increases with an increase of annealing time at the temperature of 1200°C. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data on the surface as well as selective development of {100}<001> and {110}<001> preferred textures are presented in this work. The XPS fitted peaks of S 2p3/2 at binding energy of 161.2 and 163.2 eV for annealed Fe-Ga-B doped with sulfur represent the presence of stoichiometric FeS and FeSn (polysulfide), respectively. For all of the sulfur-free Fe-Ga-B sheets annealed in the ampoule with sulfur element, XPS indicated contributions centered at approximately 161.7 (S 2p) that has been assigned to iron sulfide as well. The presence of FeS was clearly confirmed by XRD patterns and XPS fitted peak positions at 161.5 eV (S 2p3/2) and 710.2 eV (Fe 2p3/2). The segregation of sulfur and boron during annealing were also confirmed by AES depth profile results, which exhibited peak concentrations of 10 at.%S and 20 at.%B at the surface, respectively. The peak magnetostriction of 201 ppm was obtained at annealed (Fe81.3Ga18.7)99B1 alloy with near {100}<001> orientation under sulfur atmosphere containing the amounts of 6.4 mg S. On the other hand, the texture of sulfur-free Fe-Ga-B alloy was close to {110}<001> after annealing at 1200°C for 6h under flowing argon, corresponding to the magnetostriction of 160 ppm.
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Cho, Seok, Sang-Ki Moon, Ki-Yong Choi, Se-Young Chun, Moon-Ki Chung, and Won-Pil Baek. "Rewetting of Vertical Hot Surface in a Centrally Heated Annulus and a 6×6 Rod Bundle Geometry During Reflood Phase." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89403.

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A series of bottom reflood tests were carried out to investigate thermal-hydraulic characteristics during the reflood phase. This paper includes descriptions of three related groups of reflood tests categorized by the geometry of a flow channel and an electric power shape of heater rods. A centrally-heated annular geometry with an outer-visualizing tube was adopted for the first two groups of tests (group-A and -B), and a 6×6 rod bundle geometry for the other group of tests (group-C). The ranges of experimental parameters are 2∼8 cm/s of flooding velocity, 20∼80 °C of inlet subcooling temperature, and 500∼700 °C of initial wall temperature. In the single rod annular flow channel reflood test, quench front behavior can be easily observed through the visualizing window and a dominant flow regime near downstream of quench front is inverted annular film boiling regardless of the flooding velocity. For the case of the 6×6 rod bundle experiments, on the other hand, the dominant flow regime is dispersed flow film boiling (DFFB), and therefore the thermal hydraulic behavior becomes more complicated and chaotic due to the interaction between liquid phase such as droplet and liquid film and vapor phase generated from liquid-wall heat transfer.
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Gupta, Narendra K. "Failure Pressure Simulations for 3013 Inner Can Under Room Fire Conditions." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2142.

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The 3013 container is widely used for long-term storage and transporting of the fissile material (PuO2) in the DOE complex. The design of 3013 container is governed by the DOE Standard 3013. Thermal and structural analyses were performed to assess the integrity of a closed 3013 inner can assembly during a postulated room fire transient. The inner can assembly is engulfed in a 932°F (500°C) 30-minute long room fire. The fire transient results in a can temperature of about 900°F and an upper bound internal pressure of 641 psi due to the evaporation of moisture and generation of gases in the stored PuO2. The structural analyses show that the inner can assembly can withstand a pressure of 641 psi and meet the ASME B&PV Code stress acceptance criteria for one time accident loading. The failure pressures of the 3013 inner can at can metal temperatures of 900°F, 1200°F, and 1400°F are estimated to be 1435 psi, 1051 psi, and 705 psi respectively.
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Reports on the topic "To 500 B.C"

1

Kirby, R., F. K. King, and H. Padamsee. Residual Oxygen on Nb Heated to 500 C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/890445.

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Abe, Toshinori. Studies of b b-bar gluon and c c-bar vertices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/784737.

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Fields, E. D. Well locations, geologic logs, and geochemical analyses of the Bee Creek 1976 holes of Chignik C2 Quadrangle (B-1, 265'; B-2, 500'; B-3, 500'; B-4, 300' and B-5, 300'). Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19527.

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4

MacLean, B. C. Seismic expression 1: cross-sections A-A', B-B' and C-C'. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210682.

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5

Keller, C. M. ATP for the portable 500 CFM exhauster POR-004 skid B. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362451.

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Keller, C. M. ATP for the portable 500 CFM exhauster POR-005 skid C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/325420.

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Dickerson, Robert Michael, Patricia O'Donnell Dickerson, and Pallas Athene Papin. Analysis of Sample DUM072 (INL pin casting, 500°C 8 hr). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1167235.

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KRISKOVICH, J. R. Master equipment list 500 CFM portable exhauster POR-005 skid C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/797499.

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Cook, D. G., and B. C. MacLean. Seismic transects A, B and C. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/216199.

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Basham, Steven L. The B-2A and 500 Pound JDAM: A New Concept of Mass. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada407464.

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