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Academic literature on the topic 'Tobacco Research Council'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tobacco Research Council"

1

Mufson, A., and D. Scott. "Tobacco Council and Research." Science 272, no. 5266 (May 31, 1996): 1247a—1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.272.5266.1247a.

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2

Carnall, D. "Medical Research Council unit takes tobacco cash." BMJ 313, no. 7057 (September 7, 1996): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7057.577.

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3

Volkers, N. "Smoking With the Enemy: Tobacco Council Funds Scientists." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83, no. 18 (September 18, 1991): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.18.1287.

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4

Ó Cathaoir, Katharina. "Court of Justice Upholds the Tobacco Products Directive 2014." European Journal of Risk Regulation 7, no. 3 (September 2016): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00006140.

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C-547/14 Philip Morris Brands SARL and Others v Secretary of State for Health [2016] (not yet reported)C-477/14 Pillbox 38 (UK) Ltd v Secretary of State for Health [2016] (not yet reported)C-358/14 Poland v. Parliament and Council [2016] (not yet reported)Article 114 TFEU provides an adequate legal basis for the adoption of the Tobacco Products Directive 2014 in full, including measures relating to flavoured tobacco, labelling and packaging, and electronic cigarettes. These measures also comply with the principles of proportionality, subsidiarity, legal certainty, equal treatment and free competition, and the rights of companies under the EU Charter. Member States may introduce further requirements in relation to packaging of tobacco products that are not harmonised by the Directive.

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5

Khan, Zohaib, Rumana Huque, Aziz Sheikh, Anne Readshaw, Jappe Eckhardt, Cath Jackson, Mona Kanaan, et al. "Compliance of smokeless tobacco supply chain actors and products with tobacco control laws in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: protocol for a multicentre sequential mixed-methods study." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (June 2020): e036468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036468.

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IntroductionSouth Asia is home to more than 300 million smokeless tobacco (ST) users. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan as signatories to the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) have developed policies aimed at curbing the use of tobacco. The objective of this study is to assess the compliance of ST point-of-sale (POS) vendors and the supply chain with the articles of the FCTC and specifically with national tobacco control laws. We also aim to assess disparities in compliance with tobacco control laws between ST and smoked tobacco products.Methods and analysisThe study will be carried out at two sites each in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. We will conduct a sequential mixed-methods study with five components: (1) mapping of ST POS, (2) analyses of ST samples packaging, (3) observation, (4) survey interviews of POS and (5) in-depth interviews with wholesale dealers/suppliers/manufacturers of ST. We aim to conduct at least 300 POS survey interviews and observations, and 6–10 in-depth interviews in each of the three countries. Data collection will be done by trained data collectors. The main statistical analysis will report the frequencies and proportions of shops that comply with the FCTC and local tobacco control policies, and provide a 95% CI of these estimates. The qualitative in-depth interview data will be analysed using the framework approach. The findings will be connected, each component informing the focus and/or design of the next component.Ethics and disseminationEthical approvals for the study have been received from the Health Sciences Research Governance Committee at the University of York, UK. In-country approvals were taken from the National Bioethics Committee in Pakistan, the Bangladesh Medical Research Council and the Indian Medical Research Council. Our results will be disseminated via scientific conferences, peer-reviewed research publications and press releases.

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Boeckmann, Melanie, Iveta Nohavova, Omara Dogar, Eva Kralikova, Alexandra Pankova, Kamila Zvolska, Rumana Huque, et al. "Protocol for the mixed-methods process and context evaluation of theTB & Tobaccorandomised controlled trial in Bangladesh and Pakistan: a hybrid effectiveness–implementation study." BMJ Open 8, no. 3 (March 2018): e019878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019878.

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IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem in South Asia. Tobacco use increases the risks of TB infection and TB progression. TheTB& Tobaccoplacebo-controlled randomised trial aims to (1) assess the effectiveness of the tobacco cessation medication cytisine versus placebo when combined with behavioural support and (2) implement tobacco cessation medication and behavioural support as part of general TB care in Bangladesh and Pakistan. This paper summarises the process and context evaluation protocol embedded in the effectiveness–implementation hybrid design.Methods and analysisWe are conducting a mixed-methods process and context evaluation informed by an intervention logic model that draws on the UK Medical Research Council’s Process Evaluation Guidance. Our approach includes quantitative and qualitative data collection on context, recruitment, reach, dose delivered, dose received and fidelity. Quantitative data include patient characteristics, reach of recruitment among eligible patients, routine trial data on dose delivered and dose received, and a COM-B (‘capability’, ‘opportunity’, ‘motivation’ and ‘behaviour’) questionnaire filled in by participating health workers. Qualitative data include semistructured interviews with TB health workers and patients, and with policy-makers at district and central levels in each country. Interviews will be analysed using the framework approach. The behavioural intervention delivery is audio recorded and assessed using a predefined fidelity coding index based on behavioural change technique taxonomy.Ethics and disseminationThe study complies with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval for the study and process evaluation was granted by the University of Leeds (qualitative components), University of York (trial data and fidelity assessment), Bangladesh Medical Research Council and Bangladesh Drug Administration (trial data and qualitative components) and Pakistan Medical Research Council (trial data and qualitative components). Results of this research will be disseminated through reports to stakeholders and peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberISRCTN43811467; Pre-results.

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7

Engel, A. "Cancer Council New South Wales: Policy and Advocacy Report Community Insights to Inform the Policy Positioning of Tobacco Retailing Reform in NSW, Australia." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 139s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.59100.

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Background and context: In the lead-up to the next state election, Cancer Council New South Wales (CCNSW) will run the “Saving Life 2019” advocacy campaign focused on changing NSW Government policy in cancer control. In developing a policy agenda, three priority areas were identified that required further research to better understand public perceptions, inform messaging and engagement strategies. Reform of current tobacco retailing was identified as one of these priorities. Aim: Understand how key audiences view current tobacco retailing laws and widespread tobacco availability in NSW; Find new opportunities to progress our policy objectives by identifying additional key audiences in the general population; Build the evidence base for a salient and convincing messaging guide for the advocacy campaign strategy and CCNSW's broader policy engagement and influencing work. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign will seek to demonstrate community support for reform of current tobacco retailing laws in NSW to the community, the media and political candidates to achieve policy commitments. CCNSW existing campaign strategy includes tactics across grassroots mobilization, targeted political engagement and securing earned media. The development of strategic research to underpin this campaign, including development of an evidence-based communications strategy, was critical in optimizing communications and public engagement. Program/Policy process: CCNSW commissioned an independent external agency to conduct the research. The research used a mixed methodology that included a facilitated online focus group of up to 20 people, followed by polling of the general public. Focus groups were conducted over two days, with participants recruited from a wide geographical spread and constituted a mixture of general population, parents, hospitality workers and small business owners. Outcomes: A research and communications report containing an overview of the research, key findings, as well as communications considerations based on the research was used to inform our overall campaign strategy, including policy messaging and communications planning. What was learned: Findings noted that while cancer of all types is seen as a serious public health issue, cancer specifically resulting from smoking and tobacco use is not top-of-mind. It revealed the link between ease of access to tobacco products and increased usage is clearly understood, and there was support for further restricting where tobacco can be sold. The concept of a “retailer fee” to pay for the cost of antismoking initiatives received limited support, mostly driven by concern for smaller retailers. The most popular arguments were those which reinforced existing community beliefs, rather than challenging them.

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8

Folkerth, Megan, Kelley Adcock, Mary Singler, and Elizabeth Bishop. "Citizen Science: A New Approach to Smoke-Free Policy Advocacy." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 1_suppl (January 2020): 82S—88S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839919883586.

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Kentucky has the second highest adult smoking rate, has the highest incidence of lung cancer in the nation, and does not have a state law prohibiting smoking inside workplaces. These tobacco disparities and policy gap leave Kentucky behind tobacco control progress made in other areas of the United States. Williamstown is a rural community with a population of 3,900 and a strong history of tobacco use. In 2017, the Northern Kentucky Health Department, in partnership with Interact for Health, worked with two coalitions to collect data, educate the community, and advocate for a local smoke-free policy. Coalition members collected 227 public opinion surveys. Community leaders—including the mayor—and advocates participated in Citizen Science, a research collaboration between scientists and volunteers. Advocates were trained on AirBeam monitors, wearable devices that gather air quality data in real time, and then were deployed in six establishments. The indoor air quality in smoking establishments was two times worse than the outdoor air quality standard. Community leaders and advocates then mobilized to educate City Council members on the benefits of a smoke-free policy, focusing on business, health, and tourism. In 2018, the Williamstown City Council voted in favor of the smoke-free policy, becoming the first jurisdiction in the Northern Kentucky region with a comprehensive smoke-free policy. The Citizen Science process helped develop coalition capacity, build community support, and engage policymakers in a successful smoke-free policy effort. Through participatory and inclusive efforts, local residents were able to affect policy change in the direction of health for all people.

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9

Jackson, Melissa A., Amanda L. Brown, Amanda L. Baker, Gillian S. Gould, and Adrian J. Dunlop. "The Incentives to Quit tobacco in Pregnancy (IQuiP) protocol: piloting a financial incentive-based smoking treatment for women attending substance use in pregnancy antenatal services." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e032330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032330.

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IntroductionWhile tobacco smoking prevalence is falling in many western societies, it remains elevated among high-priority cohorts. Rates up to 95% have been reported in women whose pregnancy is complicated by other substance use. In this group, the potential for poor pregnancy outcomes and adverse physical and neurobiological fetal development are elevated by tobacco smoking. Unfortunately, few targeted and effective tobacco dependence treatments exist to assist cessation in this population. The study will trial an evidence-based, multicomponent tobacco smoking treatment tailored to pregnant women who use other substances. The intervention comprises financial incentives for biochemically verified abstinence, psychotherapy delivered by drug and alcohol counsellors, and nicotine replacement therapy. It will be piloted at three government-based, primary healthcare facilities in New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria, Australia. The study will assess the feasibility and acceptability of the treatment when integrated into routine antenatal care offered by substance use in pregnancy antenatal services.Methods and analysisThe study will use a single-arm design with pre–post comparisons. One hundred clients will be recruited from antenatal clinics with a substance use in pregnancy service. Women must be <33 weeks’ gestation, ≥16 years old and a current tobacco smoker. The primary outcomes are feasibility, assessed by recruitment and retention and the acceptability of addressing smoking among this population. Secondary outcomes include changes in smoking behaviours, the comparison of adverse maternal outcomes and neonatal characteristics to those of a historical control group, and a cost-consequence analysis of the intervention implementation.Ethics and disseminationProtocol approval was granted by Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference 17/04/12/4.05), with additional ethical approval sought from the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW (Reference 1249/17). Findings will be disseminated via academic conferences, peer-reviewed publications and social media.Trial registration numberAustralia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (Ref: ACTRN12618000576224).

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10

Carrieri, R., R. Sorrentino, E. Lahoz, and D. Alioto. "First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus on Tobacco in Campania, Italy." Plant Disease 95, no. 5 (May 2011): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-11-0045.

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During the spring and summer of 2010, a survey for viruses was conducted in two tobacco field trials at the Agricultural Research and Experimentation Council in Scafati, Campania, Italy. A total of 1,392 symptomatic and asymptomatic tobacco plants (cv. Burley) were sampled, and leaves were analyzed by double-antibody sandwich-ELISA using polyclonal antisera against five tobacco-infecting viruses: Tobacco mosaic virus, Potato virus Y, Cucumber mosaic virus, Alfalfa mosaic virus, and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Loewe, Munich, Germany). Only one plant was positive to TSWV. Symptoms on this plant were severe necroses on the stem with a few chlorotic/necrotic leaflets on the top of the plant. This result was subsequently confirmed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The primers (5′-ATGTCTAAGGTTAAGCTC-3′ forward and 5′-TTAAGCAAGTTCTGTGAG-3′ reverse) targeted the nucleocapsid gene of TSWV and amplified the expected product of approximately 800 bp (2). The resultant sequence (GenBank Accession No. JF290419) was aligned and edited using BlastN, displaying 99.9% identity with deposited TSWV nucleocapsid gene sequences in GenBank, with no similarity to any other targets, which confirmed the presence of TSWV in tobacco. Leaf homogenate from the tobacco symptomatic plants was inoculated onto three plants of Nicotiana benthamiana, N. glutinosa, and Datura metel. All plants developed a systemic necrosis after 7 days. Inoculation from N. glutinosa back to cv. White Burley tobacco produced symptoms similar to those observed in the field. Two plants from each species were used as noninoculated controls, which remained asymptomatic. TSWV infection has been responsible for severe epidemics on tobacco throughout the United States and Greece, with losses estimated as much as 85% (1,3). The presence of TSWV in Italy could therefore represent a serious threat for tobacco in the region, especially considering that it is prevalent in other crops in the area and vectors are widespread. References: (1) E. K. Chatzivassiliou. Plant Dis. 92:1012, 2008. (2) R. K. Jain et al. Plant Dis. 82:900, 1998. (3) B. Mandal et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 151:67, 2007.

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Books on the topic "Tobacco Research Council"

1

Washington (State). Governor's Council on Substance Abuse. Governor's Council on Substance Abuse: 1997 report and recommendations for state-funded research priorities to reduce substance abuse in Washington State. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Community, Trade and Economic Development, 1997.

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2

Cigarette consumption among Western Australian secondary school students in 1993: A joint project between the Health Promotion Service, Health Department of Western Australia and the Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria. [Perth, W.A.?]: Health Dept. of Western Australia, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tobacco Research Council"

1

RYAN, UNA S. "Pulmonary Endothelial Cells11The work was supported by grants HL 21568, HL 33064 and Council for Tobacco Research 814." In The Pulmonary Circulation in Health and Disease, 351–61. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-752085-8.50034-4.

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Creutz, C. E., W. J. Zaks, H. C. Hamman, W. H. Martin, D. S. Drust, and S. J. Parsons. "CHARACTERIZATION OF CALCIUM-DEPENDENT CHROMAFFIN GRANULE-BINDING PROTEINS11Supported by grants from the N.I.H. (DK33151 and CA 40042), the N.S.F. (PCM8206453) and the Council for Tobacco Research (1560)." In Calcium-Binding Proteins in Health and Disease, 606–8. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-521040-9.50112-1.

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