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Academic literature on the topic 'Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859 – Et l'individualisme'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859 – Et l'individualisme"
Michaud, Olivier. "Tocqueville et la question de l'autorité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24339/24339.pdf.
Full textBouchard, Éric, and Éric Bouchard. "Démocratie et grandeur humaine chez Tocqueville." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37033.
Full textEn 1831, l’aristocrate français Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) traverse l’Atlantique afin d’aller rencontrer l’avenir au coeur des États-Unis d’Amérique. Avant de s’embarquer pour cette aventure, il a déjà la certitude du caractère inévitable de l’égalisation des conditions. Bien que l’avènement de l’état social démocratique soit un «fait providentiel» aux yeux du jeune homme, il s’inquiète en constatant une certaine ambivalence quant à sa tournure politique. La république libérale n’est pas la conséquence politique nécessaire de l’état social démocratique; son contraire, le despotisme, doit aussi être sérieusement envisagé. L’Amérique devient donc une destination de choix afin d’y observer tout le potentiel démocratique, et livrer ensuite ses découvertes dans ce chef-d’oeuvre que constitue La Démocratie en Amérique (1835-1840). Ce «fait générateur» qu’est l’égalité des conditions, alors même qu’il ouvre un champ des possibles immense pour l’épanouissement humain, présente aussi un risque de déshumanisation. Afin de tirer le meilleur de la démocratie, l’homme doit éviter de sombrer dans l’apathie vis-à-vis la chose politique. Renoncer à ses devoirs de citoyen revient à abdiquer sa liberté, et donc tout espoir de grandeur. Tocqueville fournit dans son ouvrage un véritable éclaircissement de la démocratie dans ses tendances les plus secrètes, et il envisage certains contrepoids permettant de maintenir le fragile équilibre. Tocqueville se porte ainsi à la défense de la liberté et de la dignité humaines qu’il croit réellement menacées. L’état social démocratique constitue-t-il une terre fertile à la grandeur humaine? Quelles sont les conditions de possibilité du déploiement de cette grandeur? Et pour nous, presque deux siècles plus tard, les mots de Tocqueville ont-ils encore une certaine pertinence? À la lumière des réflexions de Tocqueville nourries par ses découvertes en sol américain, le présent mémoire essaie de montrer que démocratie et grandeur humaine ne sont pas incompatibles.
In 1831, the French aristocrat Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the heart of the United States of America in order to shed light upon the future of democracy. Before starting out on this adventure, he was already certain that social equality was inevitable. Even though, in his young eyes, the progression of the democratic social state was a “providential fact”, he became worried when he realized that there was a certain ambivalence concerning the political direction that the movement was taking. A democratic social state does not necessary lead to a liberal movement; its opposite, despotism, must seriously be taken into consideration. As such, America became his choice destination for observing all the democratic potential it had to offer, leading him to write his masterpiece Democracy in America (1835-1840), in which he shares his discoveries. Social equality opens an immense breadth of possibilities for human growth, but, at the same time, also presents a risk of dehumanization. In order to get the best out of democracy, humankind must avoid falling into apathy towards politics. Giving up one’s political responsibility is like abdicating one’s freedom and, as such, all hope for greatness. In his work, Tocqueville provides a true explanation of democracy, with all of its most secret orientations. He also provides measures that counterweight this nature, allowing for the fragile equilibrium to be maintained. In this manner, Tocqueville presents himself as the defender of human freedom and dignity, which he believes to be truly threatened. Does social equality allow for human greatness? If so, what conditions are required to deploy such greatness? Nearly two centuries later, are Tocqueville’s words still pertinent? In light of Tocqueville’s thoughts, which were fed by his discoveries on American soil, this dissertation attempts to demonstrate that democracy and human greatness are not incompatible.
In 1831, the French aristocrat Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the heart of the United States of America in order to shed light upon the future of democracy. Before starting out on this adventure, he was already certain that social equality was inevitable. Even though, in his young eyes, the progression of the democratic social state was a “providential fact”, he became worried when he realized that there was a certain ambivalence concerning the political direction that the movement was taking. A democratic social state does not necessary lead to a liberal movement; its opposite, despotism, must seriously be taken into consideration. As such, America became his choice destination for observing all the democratic potential it had to offer, leading him to write his masterpiece Democracy in America (1835-1840), in which he shares his discoveries. Social equality opens an immense breadth of possibilities for human growth, but, at the same time, also presents a risk of dehumanization. In order to get the best out of democracy, humankind must avoid falling into apathy towards politics. Giving up one’s political responsibility is like abdicating one’s freedom and, as such, all hope for greatness. In his work, Tocqueville provides a true explanation of democracy, with all of its most secret orientations. He also provides measures that counterweight this nature, allowing for the fragile equilibrium to be maintained. In this manner, Tocqueville presents himself as the defender of human freedom and dignity, which he believes to be truly threatened. Does social equality allow for human greatness? If so, what conditions are required to deploy such greatness? Nearly two centuries later, are Tocqueville’s words still pertinent? In light of Tocqueville’s thoughts, which were fed by his discoveries on American soil, this dissertation attempts to demonstrate that democracy and human greatness are not incompatible.
Keslassy, Éric. "Question sociale et démocratie dans l'oeuvre de Tocqueville." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090050.
Full textDespite various commentaries and interpretations, one can still understand the masterpiece of Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) in an original way. Indeed, economical ans sociological thoughts of La Démocratie en Amérique (1835 and 1840) have not been leading to systematic studies yet. Nevertheless, by using both very famous works and underrated texts – such as reports, speeches, notes from his trips and correspondences –, it is possible to present a new manner of reading Tocqueville's thought. By standing up to conventionnal answers given to the social issues that explicitly existed in the first half of the 19th century, Tocqueville was looking for the means to ensure the durability of “the democratic society”. Therefore he suggested an economical and social thought which was just in between the economical liberalism and state of socialism. From then on this position set up new conditions in terms of the state's intervention
Nouri, Mohamed. "Etat et mobilité sociale : le modèle tocquevillien." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010286.
Full textThe central theme of Tocqueville's work is about the political development in France. Using comparative analysis between different societies, he tried to show that each particularism depends on a several elements, that he puted hierarchically. Methodologically his analysis is closed to the methodological individualism, and one of the purposes of this work is to compare this analysis with recent researches. This leads him to establish the conditions of emergence of conservatism and revolution in different societies, through a reflexion on the concepts of individualism, frustration. . . Going from this points, Tocqueville makes clear his theory on the despotism in the democratic societies
Couture, Yves. "Philosophie politique et modernité : l'exemple de Tocqueville." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010324.
Full textModernity constitutes a double challenge for political philosophy. First, it must determine the nature and the possibilities of an unprecedented world. But this task requires a theorical reflexion that is at the same time independant from the modern perspective and able to take into account what it reveals of human nature. To this end, it seems that political philosophy may rely upon its own ancient and modern tradition. But according to Léo Strauss, who played a crucial role in its 20th century renewal, only the classical tradition can serve as an useful mediation. Ancient philosophy kept a view of totality by its full conciousness of the two great possible solutions of the political problem. Its choice in favor of the hierarchical solution, which itself reflects the implicit hierarchy of the philosophical life, preserved the conditions of a comprehensive evaluation of reality. By lowering down the criterias of justice, or by defining them only from an unilateral modern perspective, modern thought finally favored, according to Strauss, the exhaustion of political philosophy. But strauss' criticism itself is unilateral, since it takes into account neither the truth of the modern conceptions of liberty and equality, nor the persistant tension, in a part of modern thought, berween the two fundamental perspectives of political life. Our goal is precisely to demonstrate the value of Tocqueville's work, and of the tradition to which it belongs, for a serious reflexion on the nature and on the condi, tions of political philosophy. In this purpose, will first be considered the preservation of the essential perspectives of political philosophy in the works of his main intel, lectual interlocutors: Pascal, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Constant and Guizot. We will then try to recover the complexity of his own thought, first by confronting it to the fundamental interrogation on the specificity of the modern world, and then by showing his own reappropriation, as soon as the first democracy in America, of the plurality of perspectives inherited from earlier thought
Mavoungou-Pemba, Pénélope-Natacha. "Alexis De Tocqueville et le problème de l'égalité démocratique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30191.
Full textCette présente étude vise à analyser la principale préoccupation de Tocqueville dans De la Démocratie en Amérique : Celle de la possibilité de l’existence d’une société égalitaire qui prend en compte les problèmes susceptibles de la miner. Nous mettons en avant les prérequis pour l’existence d’une société égalitaire et libérale dépassionnée. Ces prérequis se concentrent sur l’exercice de la liberté politique, la participation politique, la citoyenneté active, le rôle des associations et la nécessité du religieux. Comme nous le démontrons dans le développement de notre thèse, si la modernité démocratique autour de Tocqueville s’est focalisée sur l’exaltation du sujet, son objectif à lui c’est d’instruire l’avenir. Il cherche à prévenir les sociétés démocratiques des dangers que la passion de l’égalité fait naître. L’égalité a rapproché les hommes certes, mais elle a entrainé une atrophie de la liberté ainsi qu’une dévaluation du vivre ensemble démocratique. Nous réfléchissons donc sur la manière de concevoir les limites de l’égalité démocratique en tenant compte de la liberté.
The aim of this study is to analyse the main issue in Alexis de Tocqueville’s essay, De la Démocratie en Amérique. That is, the possibility to see arise an egalitarian society being able to deal with the issues that might affect it. We state that they are unbiased prerequisites that enable the existence of a liberal and an egalitarian society. Those prerequisites are as followed : (1) concentrated on the exercise of political freedom, (2) the political participation, (3) the active acting of citizenship, (4) the role of civil society through associations or organizations and (5) the religious neccesity. We argue that if democratic modernity around de Tocqueville was focused on elating the subject, his main purpose is to instruct the future. He is seeking to prevent democratic societies from the dangers that the passion of equality enables. So far, it is true that the notion of equality has helped human beings to be closer to each others, yet it has also triggered an atrophy of freedom, as well as a devaluation of the democratic togetherness (in the sense of living together in an era of democraty). We are therefore addressing in this thesis a way of conceiving the limitations of democratic equality in a context of freedom.
Leca, Antoine. "Lecture critique d'Alexis de Tocqueville." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32011.
Full textAlexis de tocqueville, readily presented as the democratic age's prophet and as one of the political litterature's intellectual leaders is basically an author representative of his time, and of its limits. He has less innovated than admirably taken up ideas wich were in the air at that time. Therefor, the extend of his contribution does not lie in the novelty of his thought, nor besides in the intensity of his democratic commitment, or in the discerning of his scientific analysis. His adhesion to democracy is an opportuneness choice, which never reached to supress his conservative preferences. His scientific written works, particularly in history of institutions on the precolonial america, the american democracy and the french ancien regime are teeming with outside borrowings, mistakes and imprecisions, in spite of some outstanding developments. The return to the ideas of the liberal nineteenth century and the wish of bringing out new roots to a political movement strongly afflicted from 1945 shed light on tocqueville's revival from thirty yaers
Elliot, Natalie J. "Letters, Liberty, and the Democratic Age in the Thought of Alexis de Tocqueville." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12120/.
Full textGanyanad, Ndzimba. "Anthropologie historique d'Alexis de Tocqueville." Amiens, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AMIE0008.
Full textAlexis de Tocqueville is a thinker of democracy in the most liberal sense of the word: the world of equality between humans, and the worry, even the anguish which goes through his books, holds particularly to the fact that the democracy opens the road to the societies in which the state is almighty. But he is not a thinker of totalitarism. Furthermore, Alexis de Tocqueville is a comparatist author whose the thought constantly proceeds by putting into parallel several national histories or several societies: United States of America, England, France, and also Germany at the end of his life. Historian and sociologist, he uses a necessary method which he preferred: a direct observation of facts and social phenomenons, through a sociological survey in an existing community. The thought of Alexis de Tocqueville was linked to his aristocratic-family origins and his social conditions. The dominating idea is that Alexis de Tocqueville is one of " headmastered thinkers" of our age. Because, according to Raymond Aron, Tocqueville was a "pioneer" of the sociological thought. His prescience would deeply be expressed in the announcement of the irresistible advent of the democracy, but the idea was in the "air of time" since 1821. His aristocratic family origins and his intellectual education have progressively shaped his thought through his human experiences that he knew. Globally we can distinguish three important moments in his life and his thought: his youth during which he joins on the aristocratic family opinions, he gets clear intellectually of the family environment aristocratic ideas from where he is come, for coming round to the democracy, his mature period during which he developed advanced ideas and undertook an important public career and, finally a period of disillusions which corresponds to a tender reverse in ideology and his retirement from politics under a growing pessimism. This philosophy of history and political thought of the author is found in his two great books: "The Ancien Regime and the Revolution" that is the opposite of "Democracy in America"; the two books complete each other simultaneously. "Democracy in America" is a sociological analysis of the democratic state, whereas the "The Old Regime and the revolution" is a historical investigation on the manner of which french pass from the monarchy to democracy
Vyzas, Théodoros. "Traduire en grec "L'Ancien régime et la Révolution" d'Alexis de Toqueville : étude terminologique." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30003.
Full textThe administrative aspect of the Old Regime of France is little studied thus hardly known in Greece. As original literature in Greek as well as translations concerning this period are rare, the terms used in these texts are few. The translation of the terms of administrative legislation of the Old Regime presents some particularities. These are due to pragmatic reasons, that is the complexity of institutions and the overlapping of their competences during that period. These characteristics are embraced in the meaning of the terms, something that engenders polysemy cases. This study researches whether and to what extent the characteristics of these entities, foreign to the history of Greece, can be rendered by Greek terms. In order to gather Greek equivalents, literary as well as lexicographic sources were scrutinized. The Greek equivalents assembled, found in sources of the 19th and 20th centuries, come from the diachrony of the Greek language, that is from ancient times to the 20th century. The French terms and their Greek equivalents are examined by means of an etymologic and semantic analysis. Many equivalents considered inadequate have been refuted, while others, regarded as appropriate, have been adopted. In order to propose valid equivalents and to avoid polysemy as much as possible, we had recourse to neology mostly semantic. In conclusion, the diachrony of the Greek language provides all means for verifying existing terms and creating new ones