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Khairani, Nurul, Dirhan Dirhan, and Abe Indriantama. "Parenting Pattern, Nutrition Status of Toddler, and Development of Toddler with Age of 4-5 Years in Early Childhood Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bengkulu Province." Jurnal Sains Kesehatan 25, no. 3 (December 16, 2018): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37638/jsk.25.3.62-69.
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Short term impact of malnutrition on child development was the child will make apathy, speech disorders and other developmental disorders. While the long term impact was a decrease in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores, decreased cognitive development, decreased sensory integration, attention disraction, impaired confidence disorder and, of course, declining academic achievement in schools. The purpose of this study was to determine the Relationship of Parenting pattern and Nutrition Status of Toddler with Development of Toddler with Age of 4-5 Years in Early Childhood Education Program Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bengkulu Province. This study used survey analytic with cross sectional design. Sample in this study were all mother who had toddler with age of 4-5 years in Early Childhood Education Program Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bengkulu Province academic years 2017/2018 with the amount of 32 mothers of toddlers. Data analysis technique in this study used univariate and bivariate with Chi-Square test (χ2). The results of the study revealed that of the 32 toddlers there were 26 mothers of toddlers (81,3%) had parenting democratic parents, 25 mothers of toddlers (78,1%) had toddlers with good nutritional status, 28 mothers of toddlers (87,5%) who had toddlers with good development. There was not significant relationship between parenting pattern with development of toddler in early childhood education Program Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bengkulu Province. There was not significant relationship between nutrition status of toddler with development of toddler in early childhood education Program Dharma Wanita Persatuan Bengkulu Province. It was expected that parents can apply good parenting, meet nutritional needs and provide optimal stimulation of child development. Keywords: development of toddler, nutrition status of toddler, parenting pattern
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Rizky Syahputri, Silvia, and Tyasning Yuni Astuti Anggraini. "GAMBARAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA STUNTING DI DESA WUNUNG WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WONOSARI I GUNUNG KIDUL YOGYAKARTA." MEDIA ILMU KESEHATAN 6, no. 3 (November 16, 2019): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30989/mik.v6i3.211.
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Background: Indonesia still experiences various health and nutrient problem. On susceptible group of mother and child, the high rate of short toddler prevalence which is 37.2% becomes one of national development priorities. It is included in the main objective of intermediate development year 2015-2019. They village of Wunung highest stunting prevalency in Yogyakarta. Amount of research show binding between stunting with motorist development and toddler's mental.
Objective: To find out the development picture on stunting toddler In Wunung Village In The Work Region Of Wonosari I Primary Health Center Gunungkidul Yogyakarta. Research method: This research is in the form of descriptive-quantitative research. This research used non random sampling, purposive, method with 45 samples.
Result: The result of the research is not in accordance with the theory which suggests that the stunting affects the toddler development. It is because development has many factors. One of them is psycho-social factor which includes stimulant, learning motivation and peer group. In Addition 60% of average 36 months toddler have been sent to pre school in which they get stimulant, learning motivation and peer group.
Conclusion: The result of the research shows that most stunting toddlers; 32 toddlers (71.1%); have normal development. 12 toddlers (26.75%) have dubious development while 1 toddler (2.2%) has deviate development.
Keyword: Stunting toddler, development.
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De Froy, Adrienne M., Megan E. Sims, Benjamin M. Sloan, Sebastian A. Gajardo, and Pamela Rosenthal Rollins. "Differential responses to child communicative behavior of parents of toddlers with ASD." Autism & Developmental Language Impairments 6 (January 2021): 239694152098489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396941520984892.
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Background and aims The quality of parent verbal input—diverse vocabulary that is well-matched to the child’s developmental level within interactions that are responsive to their interests—has been found to positively impact child language skills. For typically developing (TD) children, there is evidence that more advanced linguistic and social development differentially elicits higher quality parent input, suggesting a bidirectional relationship between parent and child. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if toddlers with ASD also differentially elicit parental verbal input by (1) analyzing the quality of parent input to the communicative behavior of their toddlers with ASD, (2) examining if parents respond differentially to more advanced toddler communicative behavior, as measured by the coordination of multiple communicative behaviors, and (3) exploring the relationship between parental responsiveness to child communicative behaviors and change in child communication and social skills. Methods Participants were 77 toddlers with ASD age 18-39 months and a parent who participated in a larger RCT. Ten-minute parent–toddler interactions were recorded prior to a 12-week intervention. Parent response to child communicative behaviors was coded following each child communicative behavior as no acknowledgment, responsive, directive, or nonverbal acknowledgment. Parent number of different words and difference between parent and child MLU in words were calculated separately for responsive and directive parent utterances. Child growth in language and social skills was measured using the Vineland II Communication and Socialization domain scores, respectively. Results (1) Parents were largely responsive to their toddler’s communication. When being responsive (as opposed to directive), parents used a greater number of different words within utterances that were well-matched to child language; (2) when toddlers coordinated communicative behaviors (versus producing an isolated communicative behavior), parents were more likely to respond and their replies were more likely to be responsive; and (3) parent responsiveness to child coordinated communication was significantly correlated with change in Vineland II Socialization but not Communication. A unique role of gaze coordinated child communication in eliciting responsive parental behaviors and improving growth in child social skills emerged. Conclusions Our results support a bidirectional process between responsive parent verbal input and the social development of toddlers with ASD, with less sophisticated child communicative behaviors eliciting lower quality parent input. Implications: Our findings highlight the critical role of early parent-mediated intervention for children with ASD generally, and to enhance eye gaze through parent responsivity more specifically.
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Harper, Bianca, Ijeoma Nwabuzor Ogbonnaya, and Kelly C. McCullough. "The Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on the Psychosocial Development of Toddlers." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 16 (February 4, 2016): 2512–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516628286.
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This study used data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II to examine the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on child-welfare-involved toddlers’ psychosocial development. The sample was limited to toddlers aged 12 to 18 months with mothers who did ( n = 102) and did not ( n = 163) report IPV physical victimization. Multiple linear regression analyses showed, when compared with mothers who did not report IPV physical victimization, mothers who reported IPV physical victimization were more likely to have toddlers with higher levels of socioemotional and behavioral problems ( B = 5.06, p < .001). Conversely, delayed social competence was not associated with IPV ( B = −1.33, p > .05). Further analyses examining only toddlers with mothers who reported IPV physical victimization revealed, when compared with IPV-exposed toddlers who had a child welfare report of physical abuse as the primary maltreatment type, those with IPV as the primary maltreatment type were at lower risk of having socioemotional and behavioral problems ( B = −12.90, p < .05) and delayed social competence ( B = 3.27, p < .05). These findings indicate a significant concern regarding toddler psychosocial development when a mother has experienced IPV. This concern is even greater among IPV-exposed toddlers who experience physical abuse. We recommend child welfare workers assess for IPV. Once identified, early prevention and intervention services should be offered and tailored to the specific needs of IPV-affected families.
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Kurniawan, Rudi, and Lukman Sunardi. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM MONITORING PERKEMBANGAN BALITA MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA328P TERINTEGRASI DENGAN DATABASE MYSQL DI POSYANDU PIAN RAYA KABUPATEN MUSIRAWAS." Jurnal Sistem Komputer Musirawas (JUSIKOM) 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32767/jusikom.v3i2.318.
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Toddler development stage is an important thing to always follow-up. A child is not the same as a miniature adult. Small children are still experiencing a process of growth and development. These two processes are important for the child's future in terms of physical and brain development. Delays or abnormalities at the stage of toddler development can have a negative impact on the toddler. This is the reason why knowing the stage of toddler development becomes a very important thing. Monitoring toddler development can be more practical by utilizing a combination of technology between microcontroller control and database usage as a result of monitoring. Monitoring conducted on toddlers can include monitoring the development of body weight, monitoring body temperature, and monitoring the toddler's heart rate. This microcontroller can process data generated by load cell, temperature sensor and heartbeat sensors to be processed and displayed in real time using the web with a MySQL database. Users who have logged in can access data on the development of body weight, body temperature, and heart rate of toddlers with good and organized records wherever and whenever. So that toddler development can be known easily. Designing a monitoring system for toddler development using a microcontroller that is integrated with the MySQL database at the Posyandu Pian Raya Kabupatem Musi Rawas can be a good solution so that toddler development data can be controlled and accessed anytime.
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Weist, Richard M. "Whorfian potential in child language." Psychology of Language and Communication 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 467–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2018-0021.
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Abstract As toddlers begin the language acquisition process, event memory and the capacity for dead-reckoning are developing in the cognitive domain, providing the potential to think about the relative location of events in time and objects in space. While the language they happen to be learning varies in structure, every language has a way of coding the location of events / objects in time / space. We can think of the toddler as a code breaker who arrives at the acquisition problem with a set of language information processing abilities. Depending how temporal and / or spatial location is coded in the language, it will make the toddler’s code-breaking problem more or less difficult, providing the potential to facilitate acquisition. Benjamin Whorf argued that the structure of a child’s language influences the course of conceptual development within the realms of temporal and spatial thinking. If the structure of a particular language matches the toddler’s processing capacities in either the temporal or spatial domain, then the resulting precocious acquisition in that domain provides the potential to influence conceptual development. This paper investigates such a potential in child language, i.e., a developmental Whorfian hypothesis.
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., Santi, and Abdul Gafur. "Relationship Capital Knowledge about Developmental Cognitive Development Toddlers with a Toddler in Puskesmas Mungkajang Palopo." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 6, no. 3 (August 11, 2021): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20210750.
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Quality of a child can be assessed by process of development. The development is one of the indicators in monitoring the health of child. Child development includes social personal development, motor, coarse language, and fine motor skills. It is estimated that more than 200 million children in developing countries fail to reach their optimal development potential due to poverty, malnutrition, or an unsupportive environment, which affects children's cognitive, motor, emotional, and social development. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge about growth and development of toddlers with cognitive development of toddlers in the working area of Mungkajang Health Center, Palopo city. The research design used a cross sectional study. The number of samples is 82 people. The results of the study using the test chi-square showed that the p-value = 0.000 was smaller than the value of = 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge about growth and development of toddlers and cognitive development of toddlers in the working area of Mungkajang Public Health Center, Palopo City. It is recommended for parents to always increase knowledge about child development so that children's cognitive development can be maximized. Keywords: Knowledge of Growth and Development; Cognitive Development; Toddler
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Siswanto, Yuliaji, Sigit Ambar Widyawati, and Puji Pranowowati. "Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu Sebagai Upaya Optimalisasi Kualitas Balita." Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Independent Community Empowerment) 1, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35473/jpmmi.v1i2.24.
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The development of posyandu is the right strategy to foster child survival and development. Growth and development of toddlers who are not monitored properly and experience interference will not be repaired in the next period. In fact, only the growth of infants is monitored and evaluated continuously, but the development of children under five has not been well monitored and evaluated. The priority of the guidance program that is carried out, namely on the aspect of service quality, this service activity aims: 1) increase the knowledge of cadres about posyandu, growth and development of toddlers, as well as early detection of toddlers 'growth and development, 2) increase the cadres' ability to detect early growth and development toddler The activity was carried out with a participatory approach method, namely active involvement of the trained partners in each stage and development activities, which had been carried out through counseling, training, discussion, brain storming and mentoring. The results of service activities are increasing cadre knowledge about posyandu, growth and development of toddlers, and early detection of growth and development of toddlers; increased ability of cadres in early detection of toddler growth; the ability of cadres to provide counseling is related to nutritional status problems found in toddlers.
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Rakotomanana, Hasina, David Thomas, Fanjaniaina Fawbush, Deana Hildebrand, Gail Gates, Joel Komakech, Christine Walters, and Barbara Stoecker. "Child Development in a Region of Madagascar With High Child Undernutrition." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab045_063.
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Abstract Objectives The Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar has a high burden of child undernutrition, a strong risk factor for poor child development. The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess the household stimulation environment and to evaluate the development of 11 to 13 month-old toddlers from this agriculturally-productive area with some of the highest young-child stunting rates in the world. Methods Stunting (length-for-age z-score < -2) and underweight (weight-for-age z-score < -2) were determined using the 2006 WHO growth standards. Household stimulation environment was evaluated using the Family Care Indicators scales. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III were used to directly evaluate development of 36 toddlers (mean age 11.9 mo). Age-appropriate, increasingly difficult tasks are provided by the Bayley Scales to assess cognition, language, and motor skills. Socioemotional development also was evaluated using a questionnaire individually administered to the primary caregivers of 76 toddlers (mean age 11.7 mo). Results More than two-thirds (69%) of young children in the sample were stunted and 11% were underweight. Most mothers used household objects (75%) and materials from outside the house (71%) as children's toys such as makeshift balls made of plastic wraps. Common adult-infant interactions were talking and playing. In most households, adults told stories or read a book to children only once a week at most. However, these interactions were limited by other responsibilities of the parents. Scoring of the Bayley scales is adjusted to provide composite scores with a mean of 100 for each domain for each age group. Below average scores were determined in our sample as follows: cognitive [mean (SD): 60 (10.3)], motor [61.9 (13.4)], language [62 (13.2)], and socioemotional [85.1 (17.9]). Although in this small sample there were no statistical differences based on nutritional status, development scores for fine motor, cognitive, and receptive and expressive language were correlated [0.4 < r < 0.7, p < 0.05]. Conclusions The very high stunting rates and very low cognitive, motor, language, and socioemotional scores of young children in the Vakinankaratra region require urgent attention. Funding Sources This study was funded by the Marilynn Thoma Chair in Human Sciences at Oklahoma State University.
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Wahana, Agung, Cecep Nurul Alam, and Siti Nur Rohmah. "Implementation of the Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique Method (SMART) in Determining Toddler Growth." Jurnal Online Informatika 5, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/join.v5i2.634.
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Toddler nutritional status is an important factor in efforts to reduce child mortality. The development of community nutrition can be monitored through the results of recording and reporting of community nutrition improvement programs reflected in the results of weighing infants and toddlers every month at the Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu/ Integrated Service Post) , where these efforts aim to maintain and improve health and prevent and cope with the emergence of public health problems, especially aimed at toddlers. However, in carrying out the health service activities of Medical Officers, faced with an important problem that is still difficult in providing information related to the results of monitoring the growth and development of infants, because information on growth and development of infants owned is obtained from the data collection done manually such as; make records and calculations to find out the condition of a toddler declared good, less, or bad. Implementation of the SMART method in Toddler's growth and development, this method can be used based on the weights and criteria that have been determined. The criteria used are based on the Anthropometric index assessment criteria. The results of the analysis are the results of ranking the greatest value to be used as the material in the decision-making process.
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ROWE, MEREDITH L. "Child-directed speech: relation to socioeconomic status, knowledge of child development and child vocabulary skill." Journal of Child Language 35, no. 1 (January 3, 2008): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000907008343.
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ABSTRACTThis study sought to determine why American parents from different socioeconomic backgrounds communicate in different ways with their children. Forty-seven parent–child dyads were videotaped engaging in naturalistic interactions in the home for ninety minutes at child age 2 ; 6. Transcripts of these interactions provided measures of child-directed speech. Children's vocabulary comprehension skills were measured using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test at 2 ; 6 and one year later at 3 ; 6. Results indicate that: (1) child-directed speech with toddlers aged 2 ; 6 predicts child vocabulary skill one year later, controlling for earlier toddler vocabulary skill; (2) child-directed speech relates to socioeconomic status as measured by income and education; and (3) the relation between socioeconomic status and child-directed speech is mediated by parental knowledge of child development. Potential mechanisms through which parental knowledge influences communicative behavior are discussed.
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Mahayati, Ni Made Dwi, and Ni Gusti Kompiang Sriasih. "HUBUNGAN FAKTOR PENGASUHAN DENGAN STUNTING DI KECAMATAN UBUD GIANYAR BALI." COLOSTRUM : Jurnal Kebidanan 2, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/colostrum.v2i1.900.
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Introduction: The quality of a child is also determined by the health status of the child, especially in the toddler period. This period is a golden period for child development, so it is very important to ensure that the child's growth runs optimally, including ensuring that the nutritional status of toddlers is in a good category. The problem of short toddlers illustrates the existence of chronic nutritional problems that can be affected by the condition of the mother during pregnancy, the fetus, infants and toddlers, including diseases suffered during toddlers. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between parenting factors and stunting.
Methods: Design of this study was analytic observational with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling by taking samples from two areas of stunting loci in Ubud District with a sample size of 92 people. The data collected are primary and secondary data. Data analysis used Chi Square and Fisher's Exact test.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that most of the children were in nonstunting status with a stunting rate of 25%. The results of the bivariate analysis between the independent variables and stunting showed the following results: exclusive breastfeeding status (p = 0.01), active posyandu visits (p = 0.022) and diarrhea exposure (p = 1.00).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding status and active posyandu visits with stunting in toddler.
Keywords: toddlers, posyandu visits, stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, child infections
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Murdiningsih, Murdiningsih, and Nurul Komariah. "Knowledge and parenting patterns with toddler’s growth and development." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v8i2.17808.
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Many factors are related to the growth and development of children. The parent factors are important, such as knowledge and parenting pattern. The purpose of the study is to analyze the correlation between knowledge and parenting patterns with toddler’s growth and development in Pre-school class in urban area of Srijaya of Palembang city within year 2017. This sstudy is an observational research with a Cross-sectional study design; it was conducted in September to October 2017. This study was conducted in Pre-school class in urban area of Srijaya of Palembang city. The population was all toddlers who attended Pre-school Class in Srijaya Palembang in year 2017. Research Samples are all toddler who follow the Pre-school class in Srijaya Palembang in year 2017 that meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. This research using primary data. The instrument use questionaire for knowledge and collection of biodata. For parenting variables we use Parenting Style Questioner (PSQ). In growth variable we do the measurement of body weight and height, while variable of development done by using KPSP. The result is there is correlation between mother’s knowledge with child growth (p=0.047) and child development (p=0.001). There is relationship between parenting pattern with child growth (p=0.047) and child development (p=0.001). Conclusion: there is correlation between mother's knowledge with child growth and development and there is correlation between parenting pattern with growth and development of child.
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Sari, Pety Merita, Nurdina Nurdina, and Sandu Siyoto. "Analysis of Determinants that Influence on Development of the Participants Family of the BPJS Health Recipient Dues (PBI) in Balongrejo Village, Bagor Subdistrict, Nganjuk District." Journal for Quality in Public Health 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v3i2.61.
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The toddler period is an important period to determine the quality of the future of the child during this time the development process runs quickly. One of the things we have to ask is the development of toddlers from poor families from the family of BPJS PBI. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that support the development of toddlers in the families of PBI BPJS participants in Balongrejo Village. The research design uses Cross sectional. The study population was all toddler in the BPJS PBI family in Ds. Balongrejo. With a sample of 106 respondents using the Simple Random sampling technique. Independent variables were nutritional status, food intake, infectious disease and knowledge. Dependent variable development of toddlers. The instrument uses questionnaire sheets and observation sheets, analyzed using Ordinal Regression test The results of the study are based on the ordinal regression test simultaneously all variables affect the development with the value of Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 <0,05, partially the history of infectious diseases and parental knowledge of children under five does not affect development with values. Sig (2-tailed) = 0.148> 0.05 and sig (2-tailed) = 0.996> 0.05, nutritional status and food intake influence the development with the Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 <0,05, nutritional status has a greater influence than food intake. Having a good nutritional status 1.3 times can have the opportunity to improve the development process of toddlers. Providing health education to mothers about the importance of fulfilling nutrition, development, and active posyandu activities can reduce developmental deviations of toddler.
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Page, J., R. Walters, R. Gould, L. Wakschlag, and E. Norton. "0989 Examining The Role Of Toddler Sleep Quality On Wake EEG And Language Ability." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A375—A376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.985.
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Abstract Introduction Sleep and the development of language are prominent concerns of many parents and until recently, many have examined these concerns tangentially. Children with developmental delays/disabilities have shown to have impaired sleep and poor sleep quality, and impairments or changes in sleep quality may play a prominent role in the acquisition of language and neuronal oscillatory patterns. This study examines the role of child sleep quality paired with a normed measure of language and wake electroencephalography (EEG). Examining the role of child sleep quality with language ability and wake EEG may provide nascent incremental utility to understanding the influences of sleep on healthy development. Methods Data from 109 toddlers (age range 24 to 30.5 m, M = 26.83 ± 1.58 m, 52% male) from the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ), Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL), and continuous EEG were collected and analyzed. EEG was recorded (32 electrode cap BioSemi) while toddlers sat in a booster seat and watched a silent video. Data were analyzed in RStudio and Matlab to examine toddler’s sleep quality (infant sleep and parent behaviors) and relations with the MSEL and EEG (controlling for child age and gender). Results Means and standard deviations appeared within expected limits based on the range of each variable. Toddlers with slow-developing language were associated with relatively poor sleep quality, explaining 9.75% of the variance. We find preliminary evidence to suggest a potential sleep disruption around the time when a child is undergoing a rapid expansion in their vocabulary (expressive language). Toddler’s sleep quality and language acquisition were also correlated with wake EEG (alpha and beta). Conclusion Sleep is regarded as an essential component supporting the myriad changes observed in early development. Sleep quality fundamentally influences healthy development across domains. Here, we showed child sleep quality is highly associated with toddler’s language ability, and wake EEG, providing new insights into the developing brain. Support National Institutes of Health R01DC016273, R01MH107652-03S1, and Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA.
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Handayani, Gusti Lestari, and Abbasiah Abbasiah. "Hubungan Stimulasi Bermain, Faktor Keluarga dan Faktor Anak dengan Perkembangan Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Aur Duri Kota Jambi." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 20, no. 3 (October 3, 2020): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v20i3.1091.
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The development of technology and the era of globalization affect many things, including the type of children's play, which is one of the factors that influence children's development. Children's development is also influenced by stimulation and psychological. Stimulation, especially in the family, for example by providing toys, child socialization, involvement of mothers and other family members will influence the child in achieving optimal development. Early age problems that are not resolved from the beginning can lead to developmental problems in the future, the effect not only on the person concerned but on the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of play stimulation, parent factors and child factors with the development of children under five in the Puskesmas Aurduri, Jambi City. The study design was cross sectional with a minimum sample size of 31 children with α = 0.05 and β = 10%. The research location is the Aur Duri Health Center Work Area Jambi City. The subject of the research was Toddler in the working area of Aurduri Public Health Center in Jambi City. The results showed there was a significant relationship between types of play stimulation (P value 0.035) and parenting (P value 0,000) with the development of toddlers. Attention needs to be paid to the provision of play equipment for children to suit the child's function and development. And Increase efforts to monitor the development of toddlers through routine detection of toddlers according to age.
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Buss, Kristin A., and Elizabeth J. Kiel. "Do maternal protective behaviors alleviate toddlers’ fearful distress?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 35, no. 2 (October 15, 2010): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025410375922.
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Parenting behaviors during times when young children may feel vulnerable, such as when encountering novelty, undoubtedly affect how children learn to regulate their reactions to these events. Theory suggests and some research supports the link between protective behavior—behaviors that shield the child from a potential threat—and regulation of emotions. Less is known, however, about the immediate effects of these behaviors on children’s distress. That is, do these protective behaviors alleviate distress in the moment? Presumably, this type of ‘‘successful’’ regulation of distress would be important for the development of successful regulation in other situations. To this end, the current study examined changes in the time course of toddlers’ fearful distress, when protective maternal behaviors were observed during a highly novel, fear-eliciting task. Analyses were conducted for two subgroups of dyads: one group where toddlers’ distress preceded mothers’ protective behavior, and one group where mothers’ protective behavior preceded toddler distress. When toddlers’ distress preceded mothers’ reactions, protective behaviors were found to be associated with less steep decreases in fear for toddlers who had the highest initial distress reactions. Results are discussed in the context of toddlers’ emerging ability to regulate emotions and the adaptive development of these skills.
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Magill-Evans, Joyce, Margaret J. Harrison, and Sharon Ogden Burke. "Parent-Child Interactions and Development of Toddlers Born Preterm." Western Journal of Nursing Research 21, no. 3 (June 1999): 292–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01939459922043893.
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Suciana, Sri, Desi Wildayani, and Widya Lestari. "PENGARUH PERSIAPAN PRANIKAH, LINGKUNGAN PRE DAN POSTNATAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA DI KABUPATEN SOLOK." PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v5i1.1158.
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Introduction: The first five years of a child's life (toddler) is the fastest growing and developing period in the human brain, this period is a very sensitive but also critical period for the child's brain in receiving various inputs / learning / influences from the surrounding environment, and nutritional intake. It is at this time that children have the opportunity to develop aspects in themselves, both physically, cognitively and socio-emotionally. The growth of toddlers is assessed from the anthropomentri of the toddler. The indicator that researchers use refers to regulation of the minister of health No.2 of 2020 on child anthropometric standards. The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship of prenatal preparation, prenatal environment, delivery environment, and post-Christmas with the growth and development of children in mothers who have children under five in Kanagarian Taruang-taruang Working Area Lasi River Health Center Solok in 2020. Method: This research is a type of analytical research and has been conducted in The Kanagarian Taruang-taruang Working Area of Puskesmas Lasi Solok in July - September 2020. The population of this study was mothers who had children who were 5 years old and the sample was toddlers who came to posyandu and who were in the working area of Puskesmas Lasi and met the criteria of inclusion (consecutive sampling) of 45 people. Data processing through editing, coding, data entry, cleaning, and tabulating stages. The processed data is then analyzed using univariate and bivariate (chi square). Result: Out of 45 respondents, 18 toddlers (40%) were found who have nutritional status with abnormal weight/age indicator, 11 toddlers (24.2%) with abnormal nutritional status of height/age, weight/height 16 people (35.6%) abnormal, did not do pre-marital preparation 23 people (51.1%), did not get a good antenatal environment as many as 17 people (37.8%), did not get a good delivery environment as many as 17 people (37.8%), did not get a good postnatal environment as many as 22 people (48.9%), and the development of dubious toddlers according to the age of toddlers as much as 9 people (20%). Conclusion: There was a meaningful relationship between the postnatal environment and the growth of toddlers based on weight/age indicators, whereas, pre-marital preparation variables, antenatal environment, and delivery environment have no meaningful relationship with the growth and development of the child.
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Susanti, Dwi. "LANGUAGE AND VISUOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN AGED 1-3 YEARS IN SUBDISTRICT BULAK, SURABAYA." Folia Medica Indonesiana 52, no. 2 (August 8, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v52i2.5217.
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Monitoring childhood activities especially for toddlers is important to review because this period is a golden period for chilhood development. The aim of this research to review determine the prevalence of irregularities childhood development for toddler that aged 1-3 years in District of Bulak, Surabaya. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study subjects were 98 children aged 1-3 Years that obtained by cluster random sampling. The examination conducted using a screening tool prospective development of the Capute scale (CAT test - SHELL). The result, total of value development (FSDQ) average of 97.88 ± 12.26, visuomotor development value (CAT) average 92.58 ± 16.10 while value language development (CLAMS) average 102.67 ± 13.63. Based on FSDQ score, 84.2% of child had > 85 (normal). The remaining 2.1% including developmental disorders had <75 and 13.7% had score 75-85 (suspected). So, the prevalence of irregularities childhood development for toddlers that aged 1-3 years in District of Bulak around 15.8%.
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Darah Ifalahma and Nur Hikmah. "Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Perkembangan Motorik Kasar pada Balita usia 3-4 Tahun." Infokes: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekam Medis dan Informatika Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47701/infokes.v10i2.1028.
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The toddler period is called the golden period because it has enormous potential to optimize all aspects of development. The development of each child will go through stages that take place sequentially, continuously and within a certain tempo. By understanding the stages of a child's development, parents will be able to assess the child's development according to generally accepted standards. If a child is observed who has developmental delays, parents can act immediately. Conversely, parents can also prepare children by providing stimulation in accordance with the child's abilities at a certain age. Knowledge and awareness of parents is very necessary to monitor and stimulate children's development. The research objective was to determine the knowledge of mothers about gross motor development in children aged 3-4 years.This research design uses descriptive research method. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The sample of this research is mothers who have children under five in Playgroup Cepaka 2 Semanggi Surakarta with a total of 35 respondents. The sampling technique is nonprobability sampling with saturated samples. Data analysis used univariate analysis.The results of the study were the level of maternal knowledge about gross motor development in toddlers. Overall, the respondents had good knowledge, 2 people (5.7%), 19 people (54.3%) with sufficient knowledge, and 14 people with less knowledge (40.0%).The conclusion of the mother's knowledge about gross motor development in toddlers is in the moderate category. Suggestions for mothers are expected to increase awareness of the importance of increasing knowledge about gross motor development in toddlers.
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성지현. "A study of the association between toddler/child care provider interactions and toddlers' language development." Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education 32, no. 4 (August 2012): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2012.32.4.011.
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Sari, Hesti Permata, Lilis Permatasari, and Widya Ayu Kurnia Putri. "Perbedaan Keragaman Pangan, Pola Asuh Makan, dan Asupan Zat Gizi Makro pada Balita dari Ibu Bekerja dan Ibu Tidak Bekerja." Amerta Nutrition 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v5i3.2021.276-283.
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Background: Toddlers are a group that is vulnerable to experiencing nutritional problems. The nutritional status of toddlers is very dependent on the role of caregivers, especially mothers. Business women have less time together with toddlers so that it will have an impact on mothers' attention to the growth and development of toddlers, child feeding patterns, food diversity, and macro-nutrient intake of toddlers. Research in Padang states that business women have a 1,3 times risk of experiencing malnutrition in children. Purpose: Know the differences in child feeding patterns, food diversity, and macro nutrient intake in toddlers from business women and housewife. Method: The design of this study was an observational analytic with cross sectional approach. The research was conducted on medium socioeconomic housing in Banyumas Regency. The sample are toddlers aged 12-59 months as many as 78 toddlers, taken using total sampling techniques. Data were statistically tested using independent T tests. Results: The results of study showed no differences in child feeding patterns (p = 0.605), food diversity (p = 0.767), energy intake (p = 0.483), protein intake (p = 0.806), fat intake (p = 0.787) and carbohydrate intake (p = 0.337) in toddlers from business women and housewife. Conclusions: There were no differences in child feeding patterns, food diversity, and macro nutrient intake in toddlers from business women and housewife.
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Kurnia, Dona. "Identifikasi Obesitas Pada Balita Di Posyandu Berbasis Artificial Intelligence." Jurnal Sains dan Informatika 4, no. 1 (April 15, 2018): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/jsi.v4i1.3370.
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Identifying obesity in toddlers aims to determine the level of excess body weight in toddlers. Obesity in children is one of the health problems that are in dire need of our current attention. Because toddlers are too fat, will result in the process of development of the toddler is too late. Measurements Body weights have been performed with precise measurements by a posyandu cadre called the BMI (Body Mass Index) where the ratio of body weight to height is high. In posyandu, obsessive identification in toddlers is still done manually, with a simple calculation. Based on this the authors will apply a system based on Artificial intelligent expert system. This expert system aims to assist Posyandu cadres in the identification of obesity in infants. In this study can be identified whether the child is obese primary or secondary obesity and able to provide solutions to patients in the form of therapy for obese infants, this expert system using forward chaining method, and object oriented programming language that is Delphi 7, and the database used is MySQL.
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Coulter, Kirsty L., Marianne L. Barton, Diana L. Robins, Wendy L. Stone, and Deborah A. Fein. "DSM-5 symptom expression in toddlers." Autism 25, no. 6 (March 27, 2021): 1653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211000160.
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Although the early behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder have been well characterized, many behaviors are also commonly observed in young children with other developmental delays and even in those with typical development. Therefore, consideration must be given to whether a child demonstrates sufficient autism spectrum disorder symptoms to warrant this diagnosis. Using the Toddler Autism Symptom Inventory, we examined caregiver endorsement of specific behaviors in three groups of toddlers referred for autism spectrum disorder risk: those who received a best-estimate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, those with another developmental disorder, and those who showed slight or no developmental delays and did not meet criteria for any disorder. The results revealed significant differences in symptoms among the three diagnostic groups, as well as low frequency of some DSM-5, ASD criteria, especially insistence on sameness, for those with ASD. These findings have important implications for applying the DSM-5, diagnostic criteria to toddlers. Lay abstract Children with autism show more social-communication symptoms and repetitive behaviors than children with typical development or those diagnosed with other developmental disorders; however, non-autistic children often show some behaviors that are associated with autism. We compared the behavioral reports from caregivers of children in these three groups to identify the behaviors that were specific to autism. Children with autism were found to show more of these behaviors, and behaviors that are particularly indicative of autism were identified. These behaviors included social symptoms (approaching others to interact, showing things, looking back while showing, responding to an approaching child, spontaneous imitation) and repetitive behavior symptoms (specific, inflexible play, unusual body movements, strong specific interest, carrying around an unusual object, sensory seeking, and sensory hyper-reactivity). These findings may aid professionals in determining the most appropriate diagnosis for a child between the ages of 12 and 36 months.
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Surani, Endang. "Peningkatan Kemampuan Balita Melalui Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Penggunaan Kuesioner Pra Skreening Perkembangan (KPSP)." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Darma Bakti Teuku Umar 2, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/baktiku.v2i1.1624.
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The quality of child development must be improved since toddlers. One tool that can be used to monitor the development of toddlers carefully, can be used Pre Development Screening Questionnaire (KPSP).The number of children under five around UNISSULA is 9 children. The problem is that most mothers do not understand correctly in stimulating and assessing their child's growth. The output produced is the application of science and technology and increasing the quantity and quality of child development.Implementation of activities with the transfer of science and technology is carried out directly on 29-30 November 2017 targeting toddlers and their mothers in the D3 Midwifery Study Program FK Unissula Semarang. The form of transfer of science and technology begins with pre-test and ends with post-test, education is delivered by providing material about the development and stimulation of children, followed by growth assessment using KPSP.The level of understanding of mothers from the pre-test and post-test results increased by 4.55%, mothers of toddlers know how to stimulate the development of their toddlers. The most important thing from this activity is the mothers will transfer or teach other mothers of children under five, both at home and in the office.
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Harley, R. K., R. G. Long, J. B. Merbler, and T. A. Wood. "Orientation and Mobility for the Blind Multiply Handicapped Young Child." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 81, no. 8 (October 1987): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x8708100808.
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The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a programmed instructional program in orientation and mobility for blind multiply handicapped infants and toddlers below the developmental age of 3 years. Scales were developed for each of four major areas: motor development, cognitive development, movement and touch, and sound localization. Programmed instruction training materials were developed for each of these scales. The scales and programmed instruction were then field-tested with 22 multiply handicapped blind infants and toddlers functioning between 0 and 3 years of age. The children who received intervention from trainers using the programmed instructional materials demonstrated significant performance gains over the control subjects in the areas of cognitive development and movement and touch.
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Pemberton, Caroline K., Jenae M. Neiderhiser, Leslie D. Leve, Misaki N. Natsuaki, Daniel S. Shaw, David Reiss, and Xiaojia Ge. "Influence of parental depressive symptoms on adopted toddler behaviors: An emerging developmental cascade of genetic and environmental effects." Development and Psychopathology 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 803–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000477.
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AbstractThis study examined the developmental cascade of both genetic and environmental influences on toddlers' behavior problems through the longitudinal and multigenerational assessment of psychosocial risk. We used data from the Early Growth and Development Study, a prospective adoption study, to test the intergenerational transmission of risk through the assessment of adoptive mother, adoptive father, and biological parent depressive symptoms on toddler behavior problems. Given that depression is often chronic, we control for across-time continuity and find that in addition to associations between adoptive mother depressive symptoms and toddler externalizing problems, adoptive father depressive symptoms when the child is 9 months of age were associated with toddler problems and associated with maternal depressive symptoms. Findings also indicated that a genetic effect may indirectly influence toddler problems through prenatal pregnancy risk. These findings help to describe how multiple generations are linked through genetic (biological parent), timing (developmental age of the child), and contextual (marital partner) pathways.
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MAJORANO, MARINELLA, CHIARA RAINIERI, and PAOLA CORSANO. "Parents' child-directed communication and child language development: a longitudinal study with Italian toddlers." Journal of Child Language 40, no. 4 (August 10, 2012): 836–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000912000323.
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ABSTRACTThe present study focuses on the characteristics of parental child-directed communication and its relationship with child language development. For this purpose, thirty-six toddlers (18 males and 18 females) and their parents were observed in a laboratory during triadic free play at ages 1 ; 3 and 1 ; 9. The characteristics of the maternal and paternal child-directed language (characteristics of communicative functions and lexicon as reported in psycholinguistic norms for Italian language) were coded during free play. Child language development was assessed during free play and at ages 2 ; 6 and 3 ; 0 using the Italian version of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (2 ; 6) and the revised Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-R) (3 ; 0). Data analysis indicated differences between mothers and fathers in the quantitative characteristics of communicative functions and language, such as the mean length of utterances (MLU), and the number of tokens and types. Mothers also produced the more frequent nouns in the child lexicon. There emerged a relation between the characteristics of parental child-directed language and child language development.
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Lamb, Michael E. "Effects of Nonparental Child Care on Child Development: An Update." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 6 (August 1996): 330–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379604100603.
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Objective: To review the published literature on the effects of nonparental and out-of-home care on infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Method: Narrative literature review. Results: Although substantial controversy persists, the accumulated evidence suggests that nonparental care does not necessarily have either beneficial or detrimental effects on infants and children, although it can have such effects. In some circumstances, careproviders establish relationships with children that have significant effects on development, and this increases the importance of ensuring that careproviders are well trained, behave sensitively, and are stable rather than ephemeral figures in children's lives. Nonparental care is associated with behaviour problems (including aggression and noncompliance) when the care is of poor quality and opportunities for meaningful relationships with stable careproviders are not available, however. Conclusion: The effects of out-of-home care vary depending on the quality of care as well as the characteristics of individual children, including their age, temperaments, and individual backgrounds.
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Taukhit, Taukhit, and Rudi Haryono. "Posyandu Model for Children Based on Stimulus Growth using the UCIL Method Influences on the Level of Mother's Knowledge." Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa 8, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkj.8.4.2020.541-550.
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One of the problems with children's health is the relatively high development delay. The delay in child development is influenced by the growth and development stimulus of the parent's child. Efforts to reduce child developmental disorders can be increased through the Posyandu program. The existing Posyandu needs to be remodeling so that it can be an approach to optimizing children's growth and development. The approach to optimizing the achievement of child development tasks through the Posyandu program that emphasizes UCIL activities is expected to be one way to overcome the problem of delayed child development. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the growth and development stimulus-based posyandu for toddlers with the UCIL method on increasing maternal knowledge in child development. This study used a quasi-experimental design in the form of a pretest - post test intervention with a control group. The study population was mothers with toddlers who actively attended Posyandu. The sample consisted of 20 respondents for the intervention group and 20 respondents for the control group. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The data was collected by measuring the pre-test and post-test after implementing the model. The data analysis used paired t-test to determine the effect of the intervention on the intervention group and independent t-test to see the differences between the effects between groups. The results showed that there was an effect of Posyandu for Toddlers based on the Growth and Development Stimulus with the UCIL Model on the level of knowledge of mothers in child development with a value of p = 0.000 (significant, p value <0.05).
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CICCHETTI, DANTE, FRED A. ROGOSCH, and SHEREE L. TOTH. "Maternal depressive disorder and contextual risk: Contributions to the development of attachment insecurity and behavior problems in toddlerhood." Development and Psychopathology 10, no. 2 (June 1998): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579498001618.
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Research has shown that offspring of depressed caregivers are at increased risk for maladaptive development and emotional difficulties. Specifically, infants and toddlers of depressed mothers have been shown to evidence higher percentages of insecure attachments and more behavioral difficulties than offspring of nondisordered mothers. However, even in studies that reveal significant differences between children of depressed and nondepressed caregivers, a substantial number of children with depressed caregivers do not evidence dysfunction. Such findings have resulted in increased attention to the broader social context in which children of depressed mothers develop. This investigation examined the direct influences of maternal depression on child development, as well as the role of contextual risks that may be particularly heightened in families with depressed parents. Toddlers with depressed mothers evidenced significantly more insecure attachments than did toddlers with nondisordered mothers, and this difference was not accounted for by contextual risk. In predicting child behavior problems, contextual risk was found to mediate the relation between maternal depression and child behavior problems. Father-report data on child behavior corroborated the mother report data. Results are discussed in terms of the diversity of functioning in offspring of depressed caregivers that can be attributed to varied levels of contextual risk accompanying depression.
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Moore, Amy, Jennifer Fisher, Katherine Morris, Christina Croce, and Kai Ling Kong. "Unhealthy Snacking Behaviors and Nutrients to Limit From Snacks Among U.S. Infants and Toddlers." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_088.
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Abstract Objectives The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends avoiding foods with added sugars and limiting foods higher in sodium before 2 years of age. This study examined the contributions of sweet and salty snacks in infant and toddler diets. Methods This cross-sectional analysis of dietary intake used three 24-hour dietary recalls collected from mothers of 141 infants and toddlers ages 9 to <16 months. Dietary recalls were collected over the phone by trained researchers using a validated multiple pass method. Snacks high in nutrients to limit were categorized as sweet (e.g., cakes, cookies) and salty (e.g., chips, crackers) using What We Eat in America food categories. The average number of snacks per day, total energy from snacks, and nutrients to limit from snacks were evaluated for 71 infants (9 to <12 months) and 70 toddlers (12 to < 16 months). Results Mothers were on average 32.6 ± 4.4 years old, identified as white (78.0%), and were college graduates (87.1%). Most infants/toddlers were breastfed ≥6 months (68.1%) and were introduced to solid foods after 4 months (96.5%). More than one-third (40.1%) of infants consumed at least one snack high in nutrients to limit on any given day. These snacks accounted for 5% of total energy (24 ± 49 kcals), 56.2% of total added sugars, 11.7% of total sodium, and 2.8% of total fat in infant dietary intakes. Similarly, more than two-thirds (74.3%) of toddlers consumed at least one snack high in nutrients to limit on any given day. These snacks accounted for 6.3% of total energy (60 ± 74 kcals), 75.0% of total added sugars, 8.4% of total sodium, and 5.3% of total fat in toddler dietary intakes. Conclusions Infants and toddlers consume snacks that contribute discretionary calories and added sugars. Given the new guidelines to avoid foods and beverages with added sugars before 2 years, future studies should examine factors that influence snack intake during this early development period. Funding Sources National Institute on Child Health and Human Development, Grant/Award Number: R01HD087082-01.
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Entoh, Christina, Fransisca Noya, and Kadar Ramadhan. "Deteksi Perkembangan Anak Usia 3 Bulan – 72 Bulan Menggunakan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP)." Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/pjpm.v1i1.72.
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More than a third of children in the world experience growth and development disorders both physically and mentally, and an estimated 5 to 10% of the child population has developmental delays. Child development problems such as motor delays, language, behavior, autism, hyperactivity, have increased in recent years, the occurrence in the United States ranges from 12-16.6%, Thailand 24%, Argentina 22.5%, and in Indonesia between 13 % -18%. Approximately 16% of children under five years old (toddlers). Indonesia experiences neurological and brain development disorders ranging from mild to severe. The purpose of this study is to increase the motivation of toddlers to carry out routine child development checks, increase the participation of toddlers to carry out child development checks using KPSP, early detection of growth, and developmental disorders. The method used in this community service is varied lectures. The speakers did a demonstration to mothers who have children of 3 - 72 months. Each mother gave information about their child's age and early detection of growth and development using KPSP according to the age child age. Results: Out of 140 children aged 3 - 72 months who were detected developmentally using the Pre Development Screening Questionnaire (KPSP), there were 134 children (95.7%) with normal results and 6 people (4.3%) with doubtful results and none (0%) who experienced deviance. Conclusion: The 6 children with doubtful screening results, after 2 weeks of screening, obtained 100% normal developmental results. Suggestion: Early detection can find growth disorders and child development, therefore, an intervention can be done as early as possible.
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Nurbaiti, Lina, Deasy Irawati, Ardiana Ekawanti, and Rifana Cholidah. "Pemeriksaan Tinggi Potensi Genetik dan Length Increments Balita Stunting." Jurnal Gema Ngabdi 1, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jgn.v1i3.24.
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One in four children in the world are stunted. The process of growth and development in the children under five years is a process that is very important in determining the future of the child both physically, mentally and behaviorally. Genetic ability can appear optimally if it is supported by a conducive environmental factor, which is meant by environmental factors is nutrient intake. Stunting is a national and even global issue and Sukadana Village, Teruwai, is one of the stunting village loci established by the government. Through early detection and knowing of problems with the child's development, the recovery can be done earlier, so that the child's growth and development can take place optimally. Early detection of cases of stunting children under five years by examination of high genetic potential and length increments. The results of the analysis revealed that 12 toddlers whose TB / U were normal in the first month (60%) but whose BB / U increase decreased in the following month would be at risk of stunting if nutritional intake was not heeded. While 36 toddlers with TB / U diagnosed with stunting can be estimated to have stunted due to malnutrition, only 2 toddlers who are short due to familial short stature and 2 toddlers are likely to be stunting due to endocrine. Based on this data it can be seen what more appropriate intervention is given for stunting toddler cases. Length increments evaluated every 3 months are the best screening indicators for stunting events. There is no relationship between parental height and the incidence of stunting
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Holdø, I., S. Skurtveit, M. Handal, and J. G. Bramness. "Mother-reported and prescription registry data on use of hypnotics for children 0–18 months as a risk factor later development of ADHD." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S440—S441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.444.
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IntroductionSleep problems are common in infancy. Some infants are prescribed sleep-inducing drugs even if not approved for the age group. Poor sleep as toddler is a risk factor for development of behavioral problems in childhood. It is unknown if this is true also for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).ObjectivesTo evaluate two sources of information on toddler drug use (mother-reported questionnaire-data and prescription database for hypnotic drugs for children aged 0–18 months) and see if these predict receiving a later diagnosis of ADHD.AimsAre sleeping problems as measured by the use of hypnotics in toddlers a risk factor for ADHD?MethodsPrescription database information data was collected for 47,413 children participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort, where mothers report on toddler drug use. These two datasets were used as predictors of diagnoses of ADHD as seen in the Norwegian Patients Registry in a 7-year follow up period.ResultsAgreement between mother-reported drug use and hypnotics use as measured was less than 50% for all hypnotics (min 19% and max 48%). The two datasets will be further used to investigate the relationship between toddler drug use and a later childhood diagnosis of ADHD.ConclusionsConsidering the low to moderate agreement between mother-reported survey data and data from prescription databases it is of value to use both data sources in a study looking at the predictive value of sleeping problems and hypnotics use in toddlers on later development of ADHD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Booth, Cathryn L., and Jean F. Kelly. "Child care effects on the development of toddlers with special needs." Early Childhood Research Quarterly 17, no. 2 (June 2002): 171–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0885-2006(02)00144-8.
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Khairani, Nurul, Sanisahhuri Sanisahhuri, and Fauziah Prasisti Yinisah. "TINGKAT PENDAPATAN KELUARGA, POLA ASUH ORANG TUA STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA." PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (April 14, 2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v4i1.571.
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An important period in child development is toddlerhood. During this time, development of language skills, creativity, social awareness and others run very fast times and determines the next development and quality of human resources. The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between family income levels, parenting and developmental stimulation with development of toddlers aged 4-5 years in Dwi Wardani Kindergarten Bengkulu City. Type of this research was Survey Analytic with Cross Sectional design. Population of this study was all mothers with toddlers aged 4-5 years in Dwi Wardani Kindergarten Bengkulu City, as many as 32 mothers. Sample were taken using a Total Sampling amount of 32 mothers. Analysis were performed with univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test (2). The results of the study revealed that of the 32 mothers there were 17 mothers (53.1%) with low income levels, 24 mothers (75.0) who had democratic parenting, 16 mothers (50.0%) who had often carry out developmental stimulation, 25 mother (78.1%) who had toddlers with good development. There was not significant relationship between level of family income and development of toddlers, there was a relationship between parenting and development of toddlers with a category of close relationship, and there was a relationship between developmental stimulation and development of toddlers with a category of moderate relationship.
Keywords: development of toddlers, developmental stimulation, family income level, parenting
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Paul, Rhea, and Terril J. Elwood. "Maternal Linguistic Input to Toddlers With Slow Expressive Language Development." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 5 (October 1991): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3405.982.
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Maternal speech styles to children between 20 and 34 months of age who were slow to acquire expressive language were compared to those of mothers with normally speaking toddlers. Aspects of the mothers’ speech examined included use of various sentence types (declaratives, negative, questions, etc.), the mother’s lexical contingency with regard to the child’s utterance; mother’s use of pragmatic functions such as requests, comments, and conversational devices; and the mother’s use of topic management. Results revealed that mothers of toddlers with slow language development are different from mothers of normal speakers only in their frequency of use of lexical contingency devices, specifically, expansion and extension. However, the proportion of expansions and extensions relative to the number of child utterances is not different, indicating that when late talkers give their mothers something to expand, the mothers do so, but that the late talkers do not give their mothers as much speech to work with as do the normal toddlers. Implications of these findings for parent training are discussed
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Glennen, Sharon. "Language Development and Delay in Internationally Adoped Infants and Toddlers." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 11, no. 4 (November 2002): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2002/038).
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When children change cultures through adoption, they experience a transition from a birth first language to a new adoptive first language. Because adoptive families rarely speak the birth language, use of that language arrests at the time of adoption and undergoes attrition while the child learns the new adopted language. During this process, internationally adopted children have limited abilities in both languages. This makes it difficult to determine which children require speech and language services, and which will learn the new language spontaneously over time. This article reviews information on arrested language development in bilingual children and applies it to the internationally adopted child. The influence of cross-linguistic patterns of transfer and interference in infants and toddlers is explored, along with the medical and developmental risks associated with children adopted from orphanages. The primary goal of this article is to help professionals understand post-adoption language learning issues affecting internationally adopted children, as well as the impact of preadoption history on those developmental processes.
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DAVE, Shruti, Ann M. MASTERGEORGE, and Lesley B. OLSWANG. "Motherese, affect, and vocabulary development: dyadic communicative interactions in infants and toddlers." Journal of Child Language 45, no. 4 (February 19, 2018): 917–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000917000551.
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AbstractResponsive parental communication during an infant's first year has been positively associated with later language outcomes. This study explores responsivity in mother–infant communication by modeling how change in guiding language between 7 and 11 months influences toddler vocabulary development. In a group of 32 mother–child dyads, change in early maternal guiding language positively predicted child language outcomes measured at 18 and 24 months. In contrast, a number of other linguistic variables – including total utterances and non-guiding language – did not correlate with toddler vocabulary development, suggesting a critical role of responsive change in infant-directed communication. We further assessed whether maternal affect during early communication influenced toddler vocabulary outcomes, finding that dominant affect during early mother–infant communications correlated to lower child language outcomes. These findings provide evidence that responsive parenting should not only be assessed longitudinally, but unique contributions of language and affect should also be concurrently considered in future study.
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Tervo, Raymond C. "Language Proficiency, Development, and Behavioral Difficulties in Toddlers." Clinical Pediatrics 46, no. 6 (July 2007): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922806299154.
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Sigman, Marian, Charlotte Neumann, Michael Baksh, Nimrod Bwibo, and Mary Allce McDonald. "Relationship between nutrition and development in Kenyan toddlers." Journal of Pediatrics 115, no. 3 (September 1989): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80832-7.
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Dietz, Claudine, Sophie H. N. Swinkels, Emma van Daalen, Herman van Engeland, and Jan K. Buitelaar. "Parental Compliance After Screening Social Development in Toddlers." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 161, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.161.4.363.
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Malhi, Prahbhjot, Jagadeesh Menon, Bhavneet Bharti, and Manjit Sidhu. "Cognitive Development of Toddlers: Does Parental Stimulation Matter?" Indian Journal of Pediatrics 85, no. 7 (February 1, 2018): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-018-2613-4.
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Collett, Brent R. "Development in Toddlers With and Without Deformational Plagiocephaly." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 165, no. 7 (July 1, 2011): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.92.
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Beeghly, Marjorie, and Dante Cicchetti. "Child maltreatment, attachment, and the self system: Emergence of an internal state lexicon in toddlers at high social risk." Development and Psychopathology 6, no. 1 (1994): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940000585x.
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AbstractThe ability to talk about the internal states (ISs) and feelings of self and other is an age-appropriate development of late toddlerhood hypothesized to reflect toddlers' emergent self–other understanding and to be fundamental to the regulation of social interaction. This study examined the effects of child maltreatment on the emergence of low-socioeconomic status 30-month-old toddlers' IS lexicons. Children's lexicons were derived both from maternal interviews and from observations of children's spontaneous IS utterances in four laboratory contexts. Results from both data sources indicated that maltreated toddlers produced significantly fewer IS words, fewer IS word types, and proportionately fewer IS words denoting physiological states and negative affect than nonmaltreated toddlers. In addition, maltreated toddlers were more context bound in IS language use and more restricted in their attributions of internal states to self and other. Gender differences were also observed. Individual differences in children's IS language production were significantly related to general linguistic maturity in both groups but to toddlers' conversational skills only in the comparison group. In addition, a cumulative risk model describing the effects of the child's attachment relationship with the caregiver on early IS language was tested. Toddlers most severely at risk (maltreated/insecure) had the most compromised IS language. Thus, secure attachment may serve as a protective mechanism against self-dysfunction in maltreated toddlers.
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Easterbrooks, M. Ann, Rachel C. Katz, Chie Kotake, Nicholas P. Stelmach, and Jana H. Chaudhuri. "Intimate Partner Violence in the First 2 Years of Life: Implications for Toddlers’ Behavior Regulation." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 7 (November 23, 2015): 1192–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515614562.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent in families with young children and challenges their healthy development. This study examined characteristics of IPV (e.g., mother- vs. partner-perpetrated, types and severity) and investigated potential effects of IPV on toddlers’ behavioral regulation in a sample of families at risk for IPV. We also examined whether maternal depression and child-rearing attitudes and behavior would moderate IPV–child behavior links. These questions were addressed in a sample ( N = 400) of first-time adolescent mothers and their toddlers (1-2 years of age). Families were visited in their homes; data were collected via maternal report and observations. Partner- and self-perpetrated IPV was assessed using the Conflict Tactics Scale questionnaire; child behavior regulation was measured using the Brief Infant–Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment questionnaire. Approximately 80% of families experienced psychological aggression; almost one third reported physical assault in the past year. Both physical and psychological IPV were associated with greater toddler behavior problems. Neither maternal depression, mothers’ attitudes about corporal punishment, nor nonhostile interaction moderated IPV–behavior problem links, though mothers’ reports of maltreating behavior did. Among children whose mothers did not use corporal punishment/physical violence, IPV did not differentially affect behavior problems. Children whose mothers used corporal punishment/physical violence with them showed behavior problems in the context of IPV (severe psychological aggression). Results underscore the importance of exposure to IPV during the first year of life, and the prevalence of IPV perpetrated by both mothers and their partners in families with adolescent mothers.
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Jihyun Sung and Hui-Chin Hsu. "Korean mothers’ attention regulation and referential speech: Associations with language and play in 1-year-olds." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 5 (June 16, 2009): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409338443.
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The present study investigated the associations of Korean mothers’ attention regulation and referential speech during play with their toddlers’ language and play development. The play interaction between mothers ( n = 42) and their toddlers aged between 13 and 23 months was videotaped during home visits. Maternal behavior in regulating their toddlers’ attention was coded from videos as introducing, redirecting, or following. Mothers’ referential speech during joint attention with their toddlers was transcribed and classified as simple, elaborative, or prompting. Toddlers’ expressive and receptive vocabulary sizes were reported by mothers. Their exploratory, functional, and symbolic play was coded from videos. Results showed that mothers’ attention following and elaborative referential speech were associated with larger expressive vocabulary sizes and frequent symbolic and functional play in 1-year-olds. By contrast, mothers’ attention redirection as well as simple and prompting referential speech were associated with toddlers’ smaller expressive vocabulary sizes and less frequent functional play. After controlling for child age, maternal elaborative referential speech made an additional contribution to toddlers’ decreased functional and increased symbolic play that was above and beyond the effect of maternal attention regulation. These findings replicated and extended previous research in Western cultures and underscored the role of maternal attention regulation and referential speech in toddlers’ language and play development.
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Nor Eyzawiah Hassan, Asmat Mat Arepen, Faizul Helmi Addnan, Nur Fariha Mohd Manzor, Nizam Baharom, Mohd Dzulkhairi Mohd Rani, Norsham Juliana, and Nazefah Abdul Hamid. "The Relationship between Child Eating Behaviour with Body Mass Index among Toddlers Aged Two to Four Years Old." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (September 25, 2020): 5401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3166.
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Children eating behaviour was hypothesised as one of the factors associated with growth development as well as malnutrition among toddlers. This study aimed to explore the relationship between child eating behaviour among toddlers aged two to four years old and their respective Body Mass Index (BMI) or BMI for Age Z (BAZ). A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents and caregivers with toddlers between two to four years old, in the Klang Valley. The validated Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) was used to measure their child eating habit and behaviours. A total of 96 parents or caregivers of toddlers participated. Girls had lower BAZ than boys (-1.20 vs -0.15, p=0.030), and significantly higher satiety responsiveness and food fussiness scores (3.14 vs 2.80, p=0.005 and 2.83 vs 2.44, p=0.005 respectively). Emotional overeating had opposite effects on BMI and BAZ between genders. In this study, girls aged two to four year old had lower BMI and BAZ than boys; and demonstrated higher food avoidance behaviour. Emotional overeating is associated with opposite effects on BMI and BAZ between boys and girls. Among all toddlers, satiety responsiveness and food fussiness were associated with lower BAZ.