Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tolérance religieuse'
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Lita, Laure. "Comment expliquer l'absence de conflit religieux dans un pays multiconfessionnel? : cas de l'Albanie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27191.
Full textWas Huntington right when he stated that religion would be prone to divide? Far from claiming there is an increase in conflicts in the world, it is now obvious that the religious dimension takes a centre stage in conflicts. The case of Lebanon, North Ireland or ex-Yugoslavia, such classical cases exemplified this dimension in the exacerbation of conflicts. Nonetheless, this thesis is intended to clarify a particular situation; the case of Albania. Located in the Balkan region, Albania is regarded both as a genuine crossroads of religion and as a multi-confessional country. Yet it has never witnessed any religious conflicts. How can we explain that this State, being composed of Muslims, Orthodox Christians and Catholics, has never suffer from a religious conflict while the multi-confessional element is a contributing factor to conflict in other States? This paper is based on the assumption that there is a lack of political entrepreneurship. The post-communist Albania has managed to clearly separate religion from the political world. Indeed, the latter helped prevent partisanship by conveying a message on religious tolerance.
Al-Bazaz, Fares. "La tolérance religieuse chez les hommes de lettres au XVIIIe siècle : différence, interférence, archaïsme." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2007/document.
Full textDuring the 18th Century, following Spinoza, Bayle and Locke’s writing, the question of a religious tolerance is in the centre of the debates. Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau and Diderot, according to their visions of the problem, developed a theory around a notion which would give birth later to the freedom of conscience principle. Fictions, and especially the novels, allowed these authors to increase the spreading of a tolerance notion. Even if anti-Fanaticism has been an object of consensus between enlightenment Philosophers, it is necessary to admit that their conception of tolerance implied many differences of opinion. In his "Dictionnaire Philosophique", Voltaire appeared as the most dauntless champion; but what about the "Traité sur la tolerance"? Was Diderot’s indifference to all religion favorable to the proclamation of a tolerance? In their confrontations, especially against Voltaire and Rousseau, Enlightenment writers did not all the time observe the same demand. It is important to define, according to our corpus, these takings of position.Nevertheless, it should not be appropriate to cast on pervious periods modern ideals. This would lead to the danger of anachronism. Enlightenment writer were indeed, confronted to historical situations as well as cultural and ideological backgrounds completely different from ours
Soccard, Sophie. "La tolérance chez John Locke : élaboration d’un concept : 1659-1704." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100101.
Full textIn 17th century England, toleration is at the heart of a theological controversy with ethical connotations : salvation is at stake, tied to the dignity of conscience, and raises the question of the civil coexistence of religions. In this context, the philosopher embarked upon a forty-year reflection on toleration. His quest – which sometimes lacked harmony – was founded upon a concept of rare complexity, touching on moral and judicial principles, as well as political imperatives, religious convictions and philosophical orientations. Locke’s research ended with the necessary resolution of multiple ambiguities and he drew up a proposition for toleration built on objective arguments – which guaranteed a separation of secular and spiritual interests – and on subjective arguments – which submitted the “government” of the self to ethical imperatives – likely to be compatible with the pluralist dimension of a society. The elaboration of the concept of toleration in the writings of Locke bears testimony to the difficulty of striking a balance between the objectivity of the civil law, the ignorance of mankind and the mystery of divine Truth. The invalidation of intolerance lays the foundations for a theory which enables us not to play tyrant either with our minds or with the minds of others
Zuber, Valentine. "Les conflits de la tolérance (XIXe-XXe siècles) : Michel Servet entre mémoire et histoire." Paris, EPHE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPHE5042.
Full textSelles, Otto H., and Antoine Court. "Antoine Court et l'idée de tolérance au dix-huitième siècle : Le Patriote français et impartial." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040132.
Full textThe thesis' first chapter provides a summary describing the life of the reformed pastor Antoine Court (1695-1760), from his birth until the year 1744. Chapters two and three describe the link between his work Le patriote français et impartial (1751-1753) and various political projects, begun by court during the years 1744-1755, with the goal of changing the French court's policy towards protestants in France. Through the use of court's correspondence, these chapters give at the same time numerous details concerning the genesis and the distribution of the text. Chapter four analyses the text by comparing it to other similar works, in order to provide a general survey of the debate on toleration during the 1750s. Lastly, a critical edition of the Patriote français et impartial, makes this rare text more accessible a text that deals with toleration and French protestants several years before Voltaire’s involvement in the Calas affair
Sicard, Isabelle. "Vers la tolérance religieuse : le Massachusetts de l'intolérance à la séparation entre Église et État dans le période post-révolutionnaire : 1776-1833." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC310/document.
Full textThe Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded by Puritans and up to 1684 only men who had been accepted into a Church covenant could vote. The Massachusetts churches were organized in a congregational system which remained the main denomination in the State until 1833, the end of our period of study. Even though the right to vote was extended at the end of the 17th century, the citizens’ position on the relation between Church and State remained that of their Church. Thus, in spite of opposition from the Baptists, who were only a small minority when the citizens ratified the Constitution in 1780, the Massachusetts Constitution allowed towns to tax residents in order to support churches and ministers. Up to 1829, despite the proliferation of religious denominations, there was no public debate about the church tax beyond the circle of church leaders. No record exists of any petition or bill emanating from private citizens to abolish the tax. However, all the other States in the Union had already abolished the system. The aim of this thesis is to show that the 1829-1832 campaign of petitions calling for the end of the church tax was the result of popular and individual activity which had freed itself from any political or Church discipline
Télusma, Henri Claude. "Une analyse théologique de la coexistence christianisme/vaudou en Haïti : ouverture pour un dialogue interreligieux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAK009/document.
Full textAny religious coexistence can be a factor of religious conflict or symbol of respect for freedom, tolerance or live together, depending on the way in which it is included, or the nature of the religions in coexistence. Even when each religion shares a vision of the world different compared to the other, it is found that the coexistence between religions (Christianity, Islam and Judaism - and Buddhism in some cases) is more effective, because these religions share in one way or another some common values. On the other hand, it is constantly difficult to conceive of a pluralistic approach in a logic of dialogue between revealed religions and traditional religions. Yet, the meeting of Christianity with traditional African religious cultures shows that despite the difficulties, there is a possibility to have fruitful exchanges also with the traditional religions. In the context of Haiti, the meeting of Christianity with the voodoo does not leave always the possibility for observers to foresee that the religion is a sign of peace and social cohesion. Given that their antagonism is often characterized by factors such as intolerance, the disrespect of the freedom of the other, etc., the problem is especially in the management of religious relationships. Nevertheless, in some cases where the religious interests are treated in the second plan, it has to be noted that the coexistence of these religions in Haiti can be rich in symbol of peace and mutual understanding. Therefore, this research work seeks to understand the design of Christianity from the perspective of voodoo and vice versa, in the aim to see with accuracy the factors of acceptable (and inacceptable) differences and those that could be the basis of a possible interreligious Dialogue between Christianity and Voodoo in the Haitian context.To improve the relationship between the followers of the voodoo and Christians in Haiti, this work finally proposes some methods that can lead to a peaceful religious coexistence, toward more tolerant and a reciprocal knowledge and intelligent approach to the other. The goal of the dialogue presented in this dissertation is neither that Christianity and the Voodoo should work together in all points of view, nor even that they completely recognize mutually their belief, it is rather a proposal for a common life in peace, without slander and reciprocal stereotypes
Wierciochin, Grzegorz. "La construction de la notion de tolérance chez Sébastien Castellion : approche lexicale et sémantique (écrits français et latins autour de 1550)." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA3002.
Full textIn the 16th century in Europe, religious divisions of christianity erupt in vigorous polemic debates which are fought in literature. The themes of blasphemy, heresy, heterodoxy and deviance become paradigmatic for the political and social changes of the century. In this very special context, a pre-modern idea of tolerance arises in the writings of a few thinkers, like Sebastian Castellio, a former calvinist who veered away from the orthodoxy in Geneva and who took refuge in Basle.The polemical writings of Castellio vanish behind his tranlations of the Bible in latin (1551) and in french (1555), who made of him one of the first critics of the holy scripture. But in the same years, Castellio is violently attacked by the calvinists party for having defended Michael Servetus (1553): a polemic debate on the impunity of heretics breaks out between John Calvinand Sebastian Castellio, who writes his Historia de Morte Serveti and De haereticis / Traité des hérétiques (1554), and other texts which are edited after his death (Contra libellum Calvini) in order to defend his conviction of freedom of conscience. These writings, partly published under pseudonym (Martin Bellius / Georges Kleinberg / Basile Montford) are more then simple answers of circumstance to the texts of Calvin and Théodore de Bèze. They express an idea oftolerance (based on a doctrinal scepticism, as say his adverseries) which is representative for a particular thinking. Recent research has shown that the grammatical, linguistical and logical structure of Castellio's french and latin writings presents a number of original properties. Their analysis can contribute to understand the contemporary mental tools for dealingwith ethical and theological challanges of confesional and doctrinal pluralism. A semantical and lexicological study with a recent texometrical software tool (TXM) allows us to discover new aspects of the history of tolerance, which are revealing for our own century
Im 16. Jahrhundert zeigen sich die religiösen Spaltungen des Christentums in lebhaften polemischen Debatten in der Literatur. Die Themen der Abweichung, der Blasphemie, der Ketzerei und der Heterodoxie werden paradigmatisch für die politischen und sozialen Spannungen der Epoche. In diesem Klima der Unversöhnlichkeit entsteht allmählich der Gedanke vormoderner Toleranz. Die polemischen Schriften des calvinistischen Abweichlers Sebastian Castellio, der in Basel im Exil lebt, werden von seinen beiden Bibelübersetzungen (1551 lateinisch, 1555 französisch) überschattet, die den Nonkonformisten zu einem der ersten kritischen Bibelübersetzer gemacht haben. Nichtsdestoweniger ist Castellio 1553 heftigsten Angriffen der Calvinisten ausgesetzt, da er in seinen Schriften Michael Servetus verteidigt, der kurz zuvor in Genf als Ketzer verbrannt worden ist. Die heftige Polemik zwischen Johannes Calvin und Sebastian Castellio äussert sich in seinen Schriften Historia de Morte Serveti und De haereticis / Traité des hérétiques (1554), sowie in anderen Texten, die posthum veröffentlicht werden (Contra libellum Calvini). Diese Texte, die teilweise unter einem Pseudonym erscheinen (Martinus Bellius / Georges Kleinberg / Basilius Montfort), sind mehr als nur anlassbezogene Antworten auf die doktrinären Schriften Calvins und Theodor Bezas. Die Konzeption der Toleranz, die Castellio darin entwickelt, und die sich laut seinenGegnern auf einen Skeptizismus gegenüber den konfessionellen Lehren gründet, ist repräsentativ für ein besonderes Menschen- und Weltbild. Die jüngste Forschung hat aufgezeigt, dass die grammatikalische, argumentative und lexikalische Struktur des Texte Sebastian Castellios einzigartige Eigenheiten besitzt, deren Analyse zu einem besseren Verständnis der „geistigen Werkzeuge“ der Zeitgenossen angesichts der theologischen und ethischen Umwälzungen der konfessionellen Epoche beitragen kann. Die semantische und lexikologische Untersuchung der Kampfschriften Castellios anhand einer neuen Software für Textometrie (TXM) wirft ein neues Licht auf die Geschichte der Toleranz, die für unsere Epoche wegweisend ist
Graveleau, Sara. ""Les hérésies sont d'utiles ennemies". : itinéraire d'Henri Basnage de Beauval (1656-1710), avocat de la République des Lettres et penseur de la tolérance civile." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0024/document.
Full textHenri Basnage de Beauval (1656-1710) was born in a protestant family of the Norman nobility. Great grandson, grandson, nephew, cousin and brother of ministers, he nevertheless chooses to become a lawyer like his father, Henri Basnage de Franquesnay. Facing the growing persecutions against his confessional community, he writes to denounce the violation of consciences and propound a pragmatic solution to his king, that of civil tolerance of religions. One year after the publication of his treaty, the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes forces him to convert to Catholicism and it is only during summer 1687 that he exiles himself to Holland where he returns to Protestantism and begins a new life. In the Huguenot Refuge, he finds his brother Jacques Basnage and the philosopher Pierre Bayle who offers him the opportunity to become a journalist and to enter into the Republic of Letters.Thanks to his Histoire des ouvrages des savans (1687-1709), he takes part in the dissemination of scientific and literary knowledge and stands as an intermediary between the European scholars. He also offers a revision of Antoine Furetière’s Dictionnaire universel and republishes his father’s legal works. Continuing to defend the idea that the civil tolerance of religions is the most acceptable solution to face the Christianity fragmentation, he also takes part in the internal and external confessional controversy of his time, opposing in particular the pastor Pierre Jurieu. He dies in The Hague in 1710, far away from his homeland. By a social, cultural and intellectual approach, this biography aims at questioning the singularities of a Huguenot identity at the end of the seventeenth century, but also the way the latter perceives the world and behaves in front of the obstacles he has to face
Yarbrough, Alexander. "Reform and Its Limits : the Bélisaire Affair and the Politics of Religious Toleration in Enlightenment France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040114.
Full textIn 1767 Jean-François Marmontel published Bélisaire, philosophical tale that included a plea for civil tolerance in religion and a merciful Christianity with Deistic elements. A successful book, Bélisaire did not only have admirers: its support for tolerance and its new vision of salvation earned it a lively opposition from the Church, especially the Faculty of Theology of Paris, which planned a Censure. Yet the Censure displeased the government which immediately became involved. Known to historians, the affair’s specialists, John Renwick and Robert Granderoute have published two articles and a preface, respectively. Yet despite their quality, central elements of the affair remain unknown. New sources show: (1) that the avocat general od the Parlement of Paris, Jean-Omer Joly de Fleury, took advantage of the affair to compose a new theology of tolerance, reconciled with Catholicism and (2) that the government censored the Censure, re-writing its 4th article which praised too enthusiastically civil intolerance, certainly the king’s policy, but which he wanted to retain the right to modify. This study therefore shows the inner workings of magistrates and ministers who sought to defend the Church, a base for the monarchy, while also modernizing it. It also shows the paradoxes of failed reforms: the theology of tolerance, quite rich, never served to modify the law. This affair mobilized high-ranking ministers, dynamic and devoted, yet the monarchy struggled to enact their ideas. It never instituted a new religious synthesis, like it had done in the past, following the analysis of Dale Van Kley
Godbout, Ariane. "La mémoire rompue : les défis de la coexistence confessionnelle au consulat lyonnais (1563-1567)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27955.
Full textLa paix d'Amboise (1563-1567), qui suivit le premier conflit ouvert entre catholiques et protestants en France, constitue une période particulièrement riche pour l'étude des premières manifestations de la coexistence confessionnelle au sein du royaume. À Lyon, ville tombée aux mains des huguenots en 1562, le pouvoir royal imposa notamment un partage des charges municipales entre catholiques et réformés, obligeant les tenants des deux confessions à gouverner la communauté ensemble, malgré leurs réticences à travailler avec leurs ennemis d'hier. Ce mémoire vise, grâce à une analyse des délibérations consulaires, à faire état de la manière dont les consuls instrumentalisèrent la tradition du corps de ville et les rituels civiques pour faire valoir leurs intérêts respectifs dans leurs querelles, tout en respectant le cadre législatif imposé par la couronne de France.
The peace succeeding the Edict of Amboise (1563-1567), which followed the first open conflict between Catholics and Protestants in France, constitutes a particularly rich period for the study of the first appearance of denominational coexistence within the kingdom. In Lyon, the royal power notably imposed that municipal offices be shared between Catholics and Protestants, forcing the members of each denomination to govern together, despite their reluctance to work with their past enemies. By way of an analysis of the city council's registers, this essay's goal is to give an account of the way city councils exploited the traditions of the "corps de ville" and its civic rituals to assert their interests during disputes whilst still respecting the legal framework imposed by the French crown.
Yarbrough, Alexander. "Reform and Its Limits : the Bélisaire Affair and the Politics of Religious Toleration in Enlightenment France." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040114.
Full textIn 1767 Jean-François Marmontel published Bélisaire, philosophical tale that included a plea for civil tolerance in religion and a merciful Christianity with Deistic elements. A successful book, Bélisaire did not only have admirers: its support for tolerance and its new vision of salvation earned it a lively opposition from the Church, especially the Faculty of Theology of Paris, which planned a Censure. Yet the Censure displeased the government which immediately became involved. Known to historians, the affair’s specialists, John Renwick and Robert Granderoute have published two articles and a preface, respectively. Yet despite their quality, central elements of the affair remain unknown. New sources show: (1) that the avocat general od the Parlement of Paris, Jean-Omer Joly de Fleury, took advantage of the affair to compose a new theology of tolerance, reconciled with Catholicism and (2) that the government censored the Censure, re-writing its 4th article which praised too enthusiastically civil intolerance, certainly the king’s policy, but which he wanted to retain the right to modify. This study therefore shows the inner workings of magistrates and ministers who sought to defend the Church, a base for the monarchy, while also modernizing it. It also shows the paradoxes of failed reforms: the theology of tolerance, quite rich, never served to modify the law. This affair mobilized high-ranking ministers, dynamic and devoted, yet the monarchy struggled to enact their ideas. It never instituted a new religious synthesis, like it had done in the past, following the analysis of Dale Van Kley
Guillemin, Thomas. "Isaac Papin (1657-1709) Itinéraire d’un humaniste réformé, de l’École de Saumur au jansénisme." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0080.
Full textTheologian of the Grand Siècle, minor of the Republic of Letters, Isaac Papin (1657-1709) was born Calvinist. He belongs to the so-called theological school “École de Saumur” : spiritual son of pioneering theologian Claude Pajon (his uncle), he adopts his theories on grace and, as Spinoza reader from 1680, he develops an original design of tolerance during a boom period on this issue in Protestant thought. At the time of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, Papin joins the Refuge : he is then close to Letters’ citizens such as Jacques Lenfant, Jean Le Clercand Pierre Bayle. He first moves to England where he is ordained priest of the Anglican Church. Then he goes to the United Provinces and to the Holy Empire, where he tries to settle as a pastor of a Walloon Church. His innovative identity triggers opposition from the Orthodox Pierre Jurieu (Pajon’s former enemy) that prevents him from reaching his goal. He decides to convert and returns to France in 1690, where he becomes a Catholic under the authority of Bossuet. Until then nomadic Huguenot of the Republic of Letters, Papin turns into a sedentary Catholic in his hometown, Blois.He becomes one of the actors of the anti-Protestant controversy and approaches the Jansenism thanks to a friend who is also a converted Calvinist pastor. By combining social history of theological and religious networks and history of ideas and controversies, this intellectual biography traces the particular path of a theologian converted of the Grand Siècle, from reformed humanism of Saumur to Jansenism, between Nicole and Quesnel
Park, Gon-Taik. "La problématique de la liberté dans l'oeuvre de Calvin." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040061.
Full textThis research for the issue of the freedom of Calvin through his life permit to understand better, 1) the relation and the evolution of the civil freedom and of the christian freedom for Calvin, from his Commentary on De clementia and his Institutes ; 2) his conception of the freedom with relation to the notion of the Truth, according to his anti-nicodemite texts ; 3) his conception of the freedom in relation to the responsibility, according to his texts against the Anabaptists or the spirituals libertines ; 4) his notion of the freedom of conscience or of the religious freedom which man can enjoy practically only under the legislation of the State, although the conscience is a gift of God. But in order to synthesize Calvin's conception of the freedom. It is necessary to examine the definitive edition of the Institutes where one can make a diagram of the freedom. Our freedom — christian freedom — is located on the crossroad of all "vertical"(divine-human) and “horizontal"(interior-exterior) freedoms. Thus, Calvin's concept of the freedom appear well level-headed and capable of governing the spiritual life and the corporal life. One can say that besides "a modern Calvin", there is also "a introspective Calvin"
Picherot, Émilie. "Le lieu, l’histoire, le sang : l’hispanité des musulmans d’Espagne dans les littératures arabe, espagnole et française (15ème – 17ème siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040227.
Full textThe Hispanic identity of Spanish Muslims is at the center of a recurring debate on the collective identity of Spaniards. By treating the political presence of the Muslims as a simple historical parenthesis which lasted for eight centuries, the Romancero excludes Spanish Muslims not only from the peninsula but also from Hispanic identity itself and heralds the final expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609. A different attitude was developed during the hundred years following 1492, as witnessed by the Hispano-Arabic and Aljamiada, but also sometimes the Castilian literature. The French Spanish-Moorish novel, a century later, redefines the character of the Spanish Muslim, which then becomes the basis for a fantasized Hispanic identity characterised by its contact with the Arab-Muslim world via the Mediterranean. The Moor of Granada becomes a literary model that provides Europe with a positive image of the Arab-Muslim world. Idealized, tolerant and generous, the Moro is no longer simply a Spaniard, but a pretext for reflecting on religious diversity and the link between a people and a place
Fraenckel, Naftaly. "Sefer Ha'iqqarim : présentation et traduction du premier et du troisième traité." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC010.
Full textThe Sefer Ha-ʻIqqarim of Joseph Albo which try to determine the basic principles of Judaism is part of a reflection that began with Sadia Gaon, which continued with Maimonides, Gersonides and Crescas Duran. To allow the reader to form his own opinion, we wanted to introduce and translate the work of Joseph Albo. Translating the whole of the Sefer Ha-ʻIqqarim exceeding the framework of our project, we simply translate the first treaty which presents the conception of Joseph Albo on fundamentals and its reduction to three fundamental principles which are the belief in the existence of God, the belief in a divine revelation, and the belief in retribution. The three following treaties being only a deepening of the first, we have translated an additional chapter to see and understand how Joseph Albo develops the theme already opened in the first treaty. This is the third treaty that develops the second fundamental principle of belief in the divine revelation
Pisani, Emmanuel. "Hétérodoxes et non musulmans dans la pensée d’Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (m. 1111)." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30007.
Full textFaced in his lifetime with fratricidal divisions within the muslim community, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī favoured over the years a conciliatory synthesis of the various strains and movements within Islam in order to combat the spiral of exclusion and denunciation (tafkīr) which threatened the community. The research undertaken here reveals that the more al-Ġazālī militates on a legal, theologial, and mystical level for a wide- sweeping integration of doctrinal differences, and for the acceptance and respect of different readings or interpretations of the Coran, the more understanding and tolerant his attitude to non-muslims becomes, and his sometimes stern judgements give way to a more reasonable appreciation, even to the point of putting forward bold eschatological propositions concerning the future of non-Muslims in the next world
Hamel-Lapointe, Hubert. "La philosophie avec les enfants : un outil à l’éducation à la tolérance au Québec." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22173.
Full textRioux-Couillard, Benoît. "Volontés de respect et respect accordé dans la réforme française pré calviniste : l'articulation des arguments de tolérance dans le Summaire de Guillaume Farel (1534)." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1061/1/M10264.pdf.
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