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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tolerant network (DTN)'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Ismailov, Alexej. "Network Monitoring in Delay Tolerant Network." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174053.

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A Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) is a sparse network where connectivity is regulated by the proximity of mobile nodes. Connections are sporadic and the delivery rate is closely related to node movement. As network resources often are limited in such settings, it is useful to monitor the network in order to make more efficient communication decisions. This study investigates existing routing protocols and monitoring tools for DTN that best cope with the requirements of a tactical military network. A model is proposed to estimate source to destination delay in DTN. This model is evaluated in

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2

Wyllie, James. "Standardized Bundle Agent Discovery on Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networks." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1209155168.

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3

Baudic, Gwilherm. "HINT - from opportunistic network characterization to application development." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17354/1/Baudic_Gwilherm.pdf.

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Delay Tolerant Networks are currently a promising alternative to infrastructure-based networks, but they have not seen a wide deployment so far. There are several ways to evaluate the performance of such networks: field trials, theoretical models, simulation, emulation or replaying contact datasets. Each one has its advantages and drawbacks in terms of material cost, realism, required time or ability to manage real nodes. However, none of them effectively addresses the needs of application developers. In this thesis, we will focus on emulation. In a first part, we will deal with possible input

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Lindner, Patricia J. "Bundle Security: Verifying Confidentiality and Integrity for the Interplanetary Overlay Network." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1554911833066868.

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5

Herbertsson, Fredrik. "Implementation of a Delay-Tolerant RoutingProtocol in the Network Simulator NS-3." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-63754.

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Small mobile devices with networking capabilities are becoming more and more readily available and used. These devices can be used to form mobile ad hoc networks to communicate, where no infrastructure for network communication exist or where it has been destroyed or is overloaded e.g. in a natural disaster such as a hurricane. Such networks are almost never fully connected, and are part of the category of delay/disruption-tolerant networks (DTN) and suffer from limited resources e.g. bandwidth, storage and limited energy supply. The Opportunistic DTN Routing With Window-aware Adaptive Replica

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Kaviani, Mahzad. "Energy–aware forwarding strategies for delay tolerant networking (DTN) routing protocols." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/94744/1/Mahzad_Kaviani_Thesis.pdf.

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This research addresses efficient use of the available energy in resource constrained mobile sensor nodes to prevent early depletion of the battery and maximize the packet delivery rate. This research contributes two energy-aware enhancement strategies to improve the network lifetime and delivery probability for energy constrained applications in the delay-tolerant networking environment.

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Anzaldi, Davide. "ORWAR: a delay-tolerant protocol implemented on the Android platform." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, RTSLAB - Laboratoriet för realtidssystem, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-64088.

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The Aim of this thesis is to implement the "Opportunistic DTN Routing with Window-aware Adaptive Replication" (ORWAR) protocol on the Android platform.Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are particular mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) architectures that try to solve the issues related to the lack of point to point connectivity between the nodes of the network or between its sub-networks (partitions). The general approach is based on techniques of store-carry-forward of the messages whereby delivery can be achieved even in partitioned networks, though with mobility-dependent delays. DTNs can be conside

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Sastry, Nishanth Ramakrishna. "Social network support for data delivery infrastructures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240631.

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Network infrastructures often need to stage content so that it is accessible to consumers. The standard solution, deploying the content on a centralised server, can be inadequate in several situations. Our thesis is that information encoded in social networks can be used to tailor content staging decisions to the user base and thereby build better data delivery infrastructures. This claim is supported by two case studies, which apply social information in challenging situations where traditional content staging is infeasible. Our approach works by examining empirical traces to identify relevan

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9

Martínez, Tornell Sergio. "Delay Tolerant Networks for Efficient Information Harvesting and Distribution in Intelligent Transportation Systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/68486.

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[EN] Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can make transportation safer, more efficient, and more sustainable by applying various information and communication technologies. One of these technologies are \acfp{VN}. \acp{VN} combine different communication solutions such as cellular networks, \acfp{VANET}, or IEEE 802.11 technologies to provide connectivity among vehicles, and between vehicles and road infrastructure. This thesis focuses on VNs, and considers that the high speed of the nodes and the presence of obstacles like buildings, produces a highly variable network topology, as

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Castellazzi, Nicolò. "Sviluppo di un'applicazione di sincronizzazione file per reti challenged." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10658/.

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Questa tesi si pone l'obiettivo di implementare in ambiente Linux un'applicazione di sincronizzazione, chiamata DTNbox, che permetta lo scambio di file tra due nodi di una rete classificabile come Delay-/Disruption-Tolerant Network (DTN), ossia una rete in cui a causa di ritardi, interruzioni, partizionamento, non sia possibile utilizzare l'usuale architettura di rete TCP/IP. E' evidente che i problemi menzionati rendono estremamente più complessa la sincronizzazione fra cartelle rispetto ad Internet, da cui le peculiarità di DTNbox rispetto ad altre applicazioni in rete visto che, ad esempio,

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11

Huff, John D. "Performance Characteristics of the Interplanetary Overlay Network in 10 Gbps Networks." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1619115602389023.

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12

Grasic, Samo. "Development and Deployment of Delay Tolerant Networks: An Arctic Village Case." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16919.

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In the late 1990s, NASA conducted a study of the Interplanetary Internet (IPN) architecture. In order to build and deploy IPN infrastructure, the network technology had to be able to cope with long radio signal propagation delays and frequent radio link disruptions. The concept of a Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) emerged after recognizing that such a networking paradigm can also be applicable for terrestrial use. DTN technology can be applied, for instance, in disaster situations, military battlefields, economically developing areas, and remote regions.This thesis follows the process of apply

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13

Pozza, Simone. "Sviluppo di nuove funzioni per il supporto dell'algoritmo di routing OCGR nel simulatore ONE per reti DTN di tipo opportunistico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12150/.

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L'ambiente di ricerca di questa tesi è quello del Delay- and Disruption-Tolerant Networking (DTN), un'architettura di rete progettata per far fronte ai problemi che caratterizzano le cosiddette “challenged networks”: tempi di propagazione elevati, un alto tasso di pedita dei pacchetti e connessioni intermittenti. L'origine di questa architettura risiede nella generalizzazione dei requisiti identificati per Inter-Planetary Networking (IPN), una rete composta da sonde, stazioni spaziali e satelliti, ma sono state ampiamente studiate anche applicazioni terrestri come reti militari tattiche, reti

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14

Baccelli, Emmanuel. "IP-Disruptive Wireless Networking: Integration in the Internet." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770791.

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The super collision between the Internet phenomenon and the wireless communication revolution gives birth to a wealth of novel research problems, design challenges and standardization activities. Within this domain, spontaneous wireless IP networking are probably the most extreme example of new ''particles'' born from the collision. Indeed, these particles defy the laws of the Internet in many ways. The absorption of such peculiar particles in the global IP network has already started thanks to pioneering algorithmic and protocol work -- for instance OLSR -- and through the deployment of wirel

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Chancay, Garcia Leonardo Javier. "Evaluación y Modelado de Redes Oportunistas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/124339.

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[ES] La disponibilidad y el rendimiento de las actuales tecnologías inalámbricas como WiFi o 4G, pueden tener serios problemas de congestión y propagación, especialmente en espacios muy concurridos, o bien ser inaccesibles en sitios remotos o con baja densidad de personas. La utilización de las Redes Oportunistas en este tipo de escenarios puede ser la solución a estos problemas. Estas redes se basan en la oportunidad de intercambiar mensajes utilizando algún tipo de tecnología de comunicación directa entre dispositivos móviles como son Bluetooth o WiFi. El rendimiento de las Redes Oportun

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16

Sehgal, Rahul. "MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF DELAY TOLERANT NETWROKS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1468857772.

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Jones, Evan Philip Charles. "Practical Routing in Delay-Tolerant Networks." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/814.

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Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) have the potential to connect devices and areas of the world that are under-served by traditional networks. The idea is that an end-to-end connection may never be present. To make communication possible, intermediate nodes take custody of the data being transferred and forward it as the opportunity arises. Both links and nodes may be inherently unreliable and disconnections may be long-lived. A critical challenge for DTNs is determining routes through the network without ever having an end-to-end connection. <br /><br /> This thesis presents a practi

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Sims, Zack A. "Deployment, Management, & Operations of Internet Routers for Space-Based Communication." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1429033241.

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19

Holliday, Peter Joshua Information Technology &amp Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "NOMAD - A Hybrid Mobile Ad Hoc and Disruption Tolerant Routing Protocol for Tactical Military Networks." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43724.

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There has been much research in recent years within the general field of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) with many proposals submitted to the IETF for consideration. Delay or Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) is a relatively new field for routing, concerned with networks that experience long transmission delay or periods of disruption. Military forces around the globe have applied one or the other networking paradigms with varying degrees of success to their own problems of mobility at the lower tactical level (Brigade and below). The fundamental reason for this limited success is that many

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LUZURIAGA, QUICHIMBO JORGE ELOY. "Managing Mobility for Distributed Smart Cities Services." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/84744.

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The IoT refers to the idea of internetworking physical devices, vehicles, buildings, and any other item embedded with the appropriate electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity to allows them to interchange data and to provide highly effective new services. In this thesis we focus on the communications issues of the IoT in relation to mobility and we provide different solutions to alleviate the impact of these potential problems and to guarantee the information delivery in mobile scenarios. Our reference context is a Smart City where various mobile devices collabora

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ALI, Arshad. "Topics in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) : reliable transports, estimation and tracking." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790766.

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Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) aim at making communication between mobile nodes feasible without any infrastructure support. Sparse MANETs fall into the class of Delay Tolerant Networks which are intermittently connected networks and where there is no contemporaneous end-to-end path at any given time. We first, propose a new reliable transport scheme for DTNs based on the use of ACKnowledgments and random linear coding. We model the evolution of the network under our scheme using a fluid-limit approach. We optimize our scheme to obtain mean file transfer times on certain optimal parameters ob

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22

Johnson, Enyenihi Henry. "Access control scheme for delay/disruption tolerant networks (DTNs)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553704.

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DelaylDisruption tolerant networks (DTNs) are wireless networks where a complete path from source to destination is not in existence most of the time, and even when it does exist, it is highly unstable and unpredicted. This together with limited computing and storage capacity, heterogeneity and high error rate amongst others violate most of the internet assumptions. This necessitated the design of DTN architecture to relax some of the Internet assumptions and provide interoperabilijy across heterogeneous networks with different network characteristics. The identified security threats in these

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Ali, Arshad. "Topics in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) : reliable transports, estimation and tracking." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0038/document.

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Les réseaux mobiles Ad hoc (MANETs) visent à permettent à des noeuds mobiles de communiquer sans aucun support d'infrastructure. Les MANETs dispersés entrent dans la catégorie des réseaux tolérants aux délais (DTN), qui sont des réseaux connectés par intermittence et où il n'y a aucun chemin de bout-en-bout persistant à n'importe quel temps donné. Nous proposons, d'abord, un nouveau protocole de transport fiable pour les DTNs basé sur l'utilisation d'accusés de réception ainsi que le codage linéaire aléatoire. Nous modélisons l'évolution du réseau conformément à notre plan en utilisant l'appro

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Ali, Arshad. "Topics in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) : reliable transports, estimation and tracking." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0038.

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Les réseaux mobiles Ad hoc (MANETs) visent à permettent à des noeuds mobiles de communiquer sans aucun support d'infrastructure. Les MANETs dispersés entrent dans la catégorie des réseaux tolérants aux délais (DTN), qui sont des réseaux connectés par intermittence et où il n'y a aucun chemin de bout-en-bout persistant à n'importe quel temps donné. Nous proposons, d'abord, un nouveau protocole de transport fiable pour les DTNs basé sur l'utilisation d'accusés de réception ainsi que le codage linéaire aléatoire. Nous modélisons l'évolution du réseau conformément à notre plan en utilisant l'appro

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Ansa, Godwin Okon. "Mitigating denial of sevice (DoS) attacks in delay/disruption tolerant networks (DTNs)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580339.

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A Delay/Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) is an overlay on top of a number of diverse networks such as mobile ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, satellite networks, vehicular networks and the Internet. In terrestrial DTNs, the effectiveness of data dissemination is greatly affected by node mobility and end-to-end disconnections. The inherent mobility of nodes is exploited to forward data opportunistically when a contact arises through the store-carry-and- forward technique. Thus a DTN is characterized by limited bandwidth, long queuing delays, low data rate, low power and intermittent

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Pallotti, Davide. "Estensione dell'Abstraction Layer di DTNperf alle API di IBR-DTN." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11329/.

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Sono dette “challenged networks” quelle reti in cui lunghi ritardi, frequenti partizionamenti e interruzioni, elevati tassi di errore e di perdita non consentono l’impiego dei classici protocolli di comunicazione di Internet, in particolare il TCP/IP. Il Delay-/Disruption-Tolerant Networking (DTN) è una soluzione per il trasferimento di dati attraverso queste reti. L’architettura DTN prevede l’introduzione, sopra il livello di trasporto, del cosiddetto “bundle layer”, che si occupa di veicolare messaggi, o bundle, secondo l’approccio store-and-forward: ogni nodo DTN conserva persistentemente

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27

Alessi, Nicola. "Hierarchical Inter-Regional Routing Algorithm for Interplanetary Networks." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17468/.

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Le comunicazioni interplanetarie sono caratterizzate da lunghi ritardi, perdite elevate e connettività intermittente con frequenti interruzioni. Lo stack TCP/IP è inadatto nell'affrontare questo tipo di problemi. Mentre inizialmente l'unico scenario di riferimento erano le comunicazioni interplanetarie, negli anni successivi è nato il termine "Challenged Networks" per identificare le reti in cui i protocolli tradizionali falliscono. L'idea si evolve così in Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking(DTN), con l'obiettivo di fornire una soluzione adatta alle challenged network. Tra i vari aspetti in

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Lima, Polianny Almeida. "Gerenciamento de buffers em redes DTN baseado em entropia de mobilidade." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2013. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2928.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T14:03:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Polianny Almeida Lima.pdf: 1135711 bytes, checksum: 18018c30e2dd4e938af7eadcae042cbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27<br>CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Standard networking technologies are based on typical assumptions such as the existence of connectivity end-to-end between source and destination for the entire period of communication, low error rates, retransmission mechanisms to repair errors, and relatively small communication delays. If one or more of these assumpti

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Costa, Lourdes Patrícia Portugal Poma. "Aprimorando o desempenho de algoritmos de roteamento em VANETs utilizando classificação." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/544.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5463.pdf: 18006027 bytes, checksum: 047b84b38eb03b475dacbf51b7bf50b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31<br>Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos<br>Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are networks capable of establishing communications between vehicles and road-side units. VANETs could be employed in data transmission applications. However, due to vehicle mobility, VANETs present intermittent connectivity, making message transmission a challenging task. Due to the lack of an end-to-end connectivity, messages are forw

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Belouanas, Salah-Eddine. "Dissémination de contenus populaires et tolérants au délai dans les réseaux cellulaires." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066230/document.

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Les ressources cellulaires sont précieuses et doivent être préservées dès que possible. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la dissémination de contenus dans un réseau cellulaire surchargé. La première partie présente SCoD (Scheduled Content Delivery), une stratégie de dissémination purement cellulaire qui exploite la mobilité des utilisateurs ainsi que leur tolérance aux délais afin d’effectuer des transmissions différées. SCoD attend que les utilisateurs se rassemblent autour d’un minimum de points d’accès afin que le nombre total de transmissions soit réduit. Pour déclencher des

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Belouanas, Salah-Eddine. "Dissémination de contenus populaires et tolérants au délai dans les réseaux cellulaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066230.pdf.

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Les ressources cellulaires sont précieuses et doivent être préservées dès que possible. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la dissémination de contenus dans un réseau cellulaire surchargé. La première partie présente SCoD (Scheduled Content Delivery), une stratégie de dissémination purement cellulaire qui exploite la mobilité des utilisateurs ainsi que leur tolérance aux délais afin d’effectuer des transmissions différées. SCoD attend que les utilisateurs se rassemblent autour d’un minimum de points d’accès afin que le nombre total de transmissions soit réduit. Pour déclencher des

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Lee, Sangho. "Performance Analysis of Adaptive Power Saving Mechanisms in Delay Tolerant Network." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8906.

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Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is emerging as a solution for supporting data transfer in intermittently connected networks. In DTN, to cope with long disconnections, messages are buffered for a long period of time. Thus, according to the queue management the performance can be affected significantly. Power is also a scarce resource in DTN. Energy can be saved by putting mobile nodes into sleep during long delayed connections. In this thesis, a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol that supports adaptive sleep scheduling of a mobile node is proposed. Based on the MAC layer operation, an adaptive p

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Enderle, Justin Wayne. "A routing architecture for delay tolerant networks." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3075.

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As the field of Delay Tolerant Networking continues to expand and receive more attention, a new class of routing algorithms have been proposed that are specifically tailored to perform in a network where no end to end paths between devices are assumed to exist. As the number of proposed routing algorithms has grown, it has become difficult to fully understand their similarities and differences. Although published results clearly show different performance results between algorithms, it can be difficult to pinpoint which of their characteristics are most responsible for their performance differ

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Paula, Maicke Cabral Gomes de. "Construction of a real vehicular delay-tolerant network testbed." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/3723.

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Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) appear as innovative network architecture, able to outline communication challenges caused by issues like variable delays, disruption and intermittent connectivity once that it utilizes the store-carry-and-forward method to allow that in-transit messages (called bundles) can be delivered to the destination by hopping over the mobile vehicles even that an end-to-end path does not exist. Since messages are stored persistently in a buffer and forward to the next hop, a new communication infrastructure is created allowing low-cost asynchronous opportunisti

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Gasparini, Elías Lihue. "Estrategias de ruteos centralizados para redes espaciales tolerantes a demoras." Bachelor's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/17146.

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Tesis (Lic. en Cs. de la Computación)--Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, 2020.<br>Las redes espaciales en órbita cercana a la tierra y en espacio profundo presentan características particulares respecto a las redes terrestres de Internet, lo que requiere de un abordaje distinto al problema del enrutamiento de datos. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis comparativo del enfoque distribuido de CGR y una primera versión centralizada del mismo. En base a esta última, se estudia el cómputo en tierra de todas las rutas posibles que cada satél

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Alganas, Abdulelah. "Social-based trustworthy data forwarding in vehicular delay tolerant networks." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/149.

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Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging new communication technol-ogy which has attracted a lot of research attention from academic community and indus-try. For many applications in VANETs, information has to be transmitted through mul-tiple hops before it reaches its destination that makes it a subject to various security at-tacks and privacy breaches. Thus, security and privacy issues could limit its adaption by the public community. In this study, we propose and evaluate social based trustworthy data forwarding scheme for VANET. First, by using social network analysis techniques, we

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Walter, Felix. "Prediction-enhanced Routing in Disruption-tolerant Satellite Networks." 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72162.

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This thesis introduces a framework for enhancing DTN (Delay-/Disruption-Tolerant Networking) routing in dynamic LEO satellite constellations based on the prediction of contacts. The solution is developed with a clear focus on the requirements imposed by the 'Ring Road' use case, mandating a concept for dynamic contact prediction and its integration into a state-of-the-art routing approach. The resulting system does not restrict possible applications to the 'Ring Road,' but allows for flexible adaptation to further use cases. A thorough evaluation shows that employing proactive routing in conce

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Moço, Tiago Nunes Mendes. "Aplicabilidade de redes tolerantes a atrasos (DTN) nas Forças Navais da Marinha Portuguesa." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/12511.

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A conectividade de uma rede de dados em ambientes heterógenos representa um desafio constante para os investigadores face à capacidade de transferência de informação das infraestruturas de suporte. Como tal, uma área de investigação com enorme potencial são as redes móveis Ad Hoc, especificamente as Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) por serem redes que não pressupõem infraestruturas fixas. Face à natureza tecnológica das MANET, este tipo de rede usa dispositivos móveis de comunicações para formar a rede, onde cada dispositivo (ou nó da rede) é um elemento terminal (estação de trabalho) ou u

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