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Journal articles on the topic 'Tollens'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Aguiló, Isabel, Juan Vicente Riera, Jaume Suñer, and Joan Torrens. "Modus tollens with respect to uninorms: U-Modus Tollens." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 127 (December 2020): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2020.10.003.

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2

Wagner, Carl G. "Modus Tollens Probabilized." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 55, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/55.4.747.

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3

Adams, E. W. "Modus Tollens revisited." Analysis 48, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/48.3.122.

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4

Bobzien, Susanne. "The Development of Modus Ponens in Antiquity : From Aristotle to the 2nd Century AD." Phronesis 47, no. 4 (2002): 359–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852802321016541.

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Abstract'Aristotelian logic', as it was taught from late antiquity until the 20th century, commonly included a short presentation of the argument forms modus (ponendo) ponens, modus (tollendo) tollens, modus ponendo tollens, and modus tollendo ponens. In late antiquity, arguments of these forms were generally classified as 'hypothetical syllogisms'. However, Aristotle did not discuss such arguments, nor did he call any arguments 'hypothetical syllogisms'. The Stoic indemonstrables resemble the modus ponens/tollens arguments. But the Stoics never called them 'hypothetical syllogisms'; nor did they describe them as ponendo ponens, etc. The tradition of the four argument forms and the classification of the arguments as hypothetical syllogisms hence need some explaining. In this paper, I offer some explanations by tracing the development of certain elements of Aristotle's logic via the early Peripatetics to the logic of later antiquity. I consider the questions: How did the four argument forms arise? Why were there four of them? Why were arguments of these forms called 'hypothetical syllogisms'? On what grounds were they considered valid? I argue that such arguments were neither part of Aristotle's dialectic, nor simply the result of an adoption of elements of Stoic logic, but the outcome of a long, gradual development that begins with Aristotle's logic as preserved in his Topics and Prior Analytics; and that, as a result, we have a Peripatetic logic of hypothetical inferences which is a far cry both from Stoic logic and from classical propositional logic, but which sports a number of interesting characteristics, some of which bear a cunning resemblance to some 20th century theories.

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5

Dale, A. J. "Adams on Modus Tollens." Analysis 49, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/49.2.93.

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6

Sinnott-Armstrong, W., J. Moor, and R. Fogelin. "A defence of modus tollens." Analysis 50, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/50.1.9.

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7

Yalcin, Seth. "A Counterexample to Modus Tollens." Journal of Philosophical Logic 41, no. 6 (June 6, 2012): 1001–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10992-012-9228-4.

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8

Salerno, Joseph. "Epistemic modals and modus tollens." Philosophical Studies 173, no. 10 (April 2, 2016): 2663–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0669-4.

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9

Ochoa, Luis Francisco, and Astrid Bastidas. "Posibilidad Lógico-epistemológica del Modus Tollendo Tollens en la Investigación en las Ciencias de la Educación." Itinerario Educativo 27, no. 61 (June 12, 2013): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/01212753.1395.

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<p>La propuesta de Karl Raimund Popper (1902-1994), para establecer una solución al problema de la inducción en ciencia a través de la falsación (uso del <em>Modus Tollendo Tollens</em>), presenta una serie de inconvenientes metodológicos, epistemológicos y algunos históricos, para ser aceptada como posibilidad procedimental, para la investigación en las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales y en especial en las Ciencias de la Educación. Este ensayo presenta los argumentos que sustentan esa tesis.</p>

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10

Booth, Matthew, and Fabien Paillusson. "A Fuzzy Take on the Logical Issues of Statistical Hypothesis Testing." Philosophies 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies6010021.

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Statistical Hypothesis Testing (SHT) is a class of inference methods whereby one makes use of empirical data to test a hypothesis and often emit a judgment about whether to reject it or not. In this paper, we focus on the logical aspect of this strategy, which is largely independent of the adopted school of thought, at least within the various frequentist approaches. We identify SHT as taking the form of an unsound argument from Modus Tollens in classical logic, and, in order to rescue SHT from this difficulty, we propose that it can instead be grounded in t-norm based fuzzy logics. We reformulate the frequentists’ SHT logic by making use of a fuzzy extension of Modus Tollens to develop a model of truth valuation for its premises. Importantly, we show that it is possible to preserve the soundness of Modus Tollens by exploring the various conventions involved with constructing fuzzy negations and fuzzy implications (namely, the S and R conventions). We find that under the S convention, it is possible to conduct the Modus Tollens inference argument using Zadeh’s compositional extension and any possible t-norm. Under the R convention we find that this is not necessarily the case, but that by mixing R-implication with S-negation we can salvage the product t-norm, for example. In conclusion, we have shown that fuzzy logic is a legitimate framework to discuss and address the difficulties plaguing frequentist interpretations of SHT.

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11

Kashmery, Heba A., David G. Thompson, Ruggero Dondi, Samuel Mabbott, Duncan Graham, Alasdair W. Clark, and Glenn A. Burley. "SERS enhancement of silver nanoparticles prepared by a template-directed triazole ligand strategy." Chemical Communications 51, no. 65 (2015): 13028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc02883c.

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12

Zeng, Jing-bin, Shi-guang Fan, Cui-ying Zhao, Qian-ru Wang, Ting-yao Zhou, Xi Chen, Zi-feng Yan, Yan-peng Li, Wei Xing, and Xu-dong Wang. "A colorimetric agarose gel for formaldehyde measurement based on nanotechnology involving Tollens reaction." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 60 (2014): 8121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc00914b.

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13

De Palma, André, Moez Kilani, and Robin Lindsey. "Comparison of Second-Best and Third-Best Tolling Schemes on a Road Network." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1932, no. 1 (January 2005): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193200111.

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Much of the road pricing literature has focused on deriving second-best optimal tolls when only parts of a network can be tolled or tolling is constrained in other ways. A drawback of second-best tolling is that it requires extensive information on speed–flow curves and demand elasticities throughout the network. Such information is often not readily available, and errors in estimating key parameters could result in tolls that are nonoptimal or even welfare reducing. The purpose of this paper is to explore a simpler alternative policy, dubbed “no-queue” tolling, whereby time-varying tolls are imposed selectively on a road network with the objective of eliminating queuing on the tolled links. No-queue tolling is an example of third-best pricing because the effects of the tolls on other links are disregarded. To explore the merits of no-queue tolling, a dynamic traffic simulator (METROPOLIS) was used to compute no-queue tolls for individual links and cordon rings on a laboratory network. For comparison, second-best flat and time-varying tolls were also computed on the same sets of links. Two results stood out. First, even without accounting for the likely computational and acceptability advantages of no-queue tolling, it appeared to dominate flat tolling and performed relatively well compared to step tolling. Second, the benefits from no-queue tolling exhibited approximately constant returns with respect to the number of links that are tolled. This suggests that no-queue tolling could fruitfully be selectively implemented now, rather than waiting a decade or more for comprehensive road pricing to become feasible.

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14

Ri, Yong-Sok. "MODUS PONENS AND MODUS TOLLENS: THEIR VALIDITY/INVALIDITY IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ARGUMENTS." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 50, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slgr-2017-0028.

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Abstract The precedent studies on the validity of Modus ponens and Modus tollens have been carried out with most regard to a major type of conditionals in which the conditional clause is a sufficient condition for the main clause. But we sometimes, in natural language arguments, find other types of conditionals in which the conditional clause is a necessary or necessary and sufficient condition for the main clause. In this paper I reappraise, on the basis of new definitions of Modus ponens and Modus tollens, their validity/invalidity in natural language arguments in consideration of all types of conditionals.

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15

Yun, Yong-Sik, Sang-Jin Kang, and Jin-Won Park. "Generalized modus tollens using truth function mapping." Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 17, no. 5 (October 25, 2007): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/jkiis.2007.17.5.674.

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16

Pynes, Christopher. "VALIDITY, SCHEMA, AND A MODUS TOLLENS PARADOX." Southwest Philosophy Review 18, no. 1 (2002): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview20021816.

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17

Pizzi, C. "Counterfactuals and modus tollens in abductive arguments." Logic Journal of IGPL 21, no. 6 (April 5, 2013): 962–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzt014.

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18

Luo, Ke, Nack-geun Kim, Sang-Mook You, and Young-Rok Kim. "Colorimetric Determination of the Activity of Starch-Debranching Enzyme via Modified Tollens’ Reaction." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2019): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091291.

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Nelson–Somogyi and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assays are the classical analytical methods for the determination of activity of starch-debranching enzymes, however, they have a narrow detection range and do not adapt to the quantitative measurement of linear polysaccharides. Herein, we developed a simple and accurate colorimetric assay for determining the activity of starch-debranching pullulanase through the modified Tollens’ reaction in combination with UV irradiation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were formed by reducing aldehyde groups in short-chain glucans (SCGs) generated by debranching of waxy maize starch using pullulanase through the modified Tollens’ reaction. In addition to providing a reducing moiety to the Tollens’ reaction, the debranching product, SCGs, also enhanced the colloidal stability of synthesized AgNPs, of which the amplitude of its surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance peak was proportional to the concentration of SCGs ranging from 0.01–10 mg/mL. The detection limit of this system was 0.01 mg/mL, which was found to be 100 times higher than that of the conventional DNS assay. The purification of SCGs by recrystallization and gelatinization improved the selectivity of this colorimetric assay for debranching products, which provides a simple and accurate means of monitoring the debranching process and characterizing the activity of starch-debranching enzymes.

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19

Sun, Hong Peng, Kai Jun Wang, Xiao Lan Cai, Gang Yue, and Ya Guang Chen. "Preparation and Performance of Silver Coated Copper Powder." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1057.

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Different parameters are used to characterize the conductivity of copper powder with silver plating. Ethanediamine（C2H8N2） is employed to adjust the pH value of plating solution (solution A), and chelate Cu2+ generated by side reaction, forming sound five-membered ring structure with Cu2+, thus preventing the formation of Cu(NH3)42+ which can avoid adsorption of Cu(NH3)42+ on the surface of copper powder. In this way silver-plated copper powder with conductivity equal to fine silver powder can be obtained, the effects of dosage of C2H8N2 and Tollens' reagent concentration on performance of silver-plated copper powder have also been investigated. The result shows that dosage of C2H8N2 has significant effects on electrical conductivity of silver-plated copper powder. The dosage of C2H8N2 should ensure that pH value of control solution A maintains 9.0~10.0. The concentration of Tollens' reagent should make sure that the generated silver-plated copper powder is most even and continuous and tightness when silver particles in form of heterogeneous nucleation is surrounded on the surface of copper powder, , and the optimum concentration is 0.09mol/L. The conductivity of silver-plated copper powder made by Tollens' reagent with 0.09mol/L concentration is optimal, which is 3.9×10-4Ω•cm,when adjusting the pH value of solution A to 9.5 by C2H8N2 control.

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20

Hill, William D. "The subjection of glutaraldehyde to the Tollens test." Journal of Chemical Education 67, no. 4 (April 1990): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed067p329.

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21

Kienskaya, K. I., K. Yu Sigal, E. V. Il’yushenko, A. A. Kuzovkova, O. V. Yarovaya, and V. V. Nazarov. "Synthesis of silver metal nanodispersions using Tollens reagent." Colloid Journal 73, no. 2 (April 2011): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1061933x11020049.

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22

Killingbeck, J. P., and G. Jolicard. "Off-diagonal matrix elements: a modus tollens approach." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 44, no. 48 (November 10, 2011): 485203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/48/485203.

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23

Mas, M., M. Monserrat, and J. Torrens. "Modus ponens and modus tollens in discrete implications." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 49, no. 2 (October 2008): 422–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2008.04.002.

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24

Prikhozhdenko, E. S., V. S. Atkin, B. V. Parakhonskiy, I. A. Rybkin, A. Lapanje, G. B. Sukhorukov, D. A. Gorin, and A. M. Yashchenok. "New post-processing method of preparing nanofibrous SERS substrates with a high density of silver nanoparticles." RSC Advances 6, no. 87 (2016): 84505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra18636j.

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The protocol to control density of AgNP on surfaces of nanofibers, and thus electromagnetic hotspots by variation of Tollens' reagent is established. Nanofiber films enable SERS either of solutes or macromolecular structures such as bacterial cells.

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25

Atanassova, Lilija, and Piotr Dworniczak. "On the weak intuitionistic fuzzy implication based on △ operation." Notes on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets 27, no. 2 (August 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/nifs.2021.27.2.11-19.

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In this paper, a new weak intuitionistic fuzzy implication is introduced. Fulfillment of some axioms and properties, together with the Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens inference rules are investigated. Negation induced by the newly proposed implication is presented.

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26

Garin, Sergei V. "Hypothetical syllogism and modus tollens in Proclus' epicheiremes on the nature of names." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Sotsiologiya. Politologiya, no. 37 (March 1, 2017): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/1998863x/37/1.

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27

Norrod, Karen L., Leo M. Sudnik, David Rousell, and Kathy L. Rowlen. "Quantitative Comparison of Five SERS Substrates: Sensitivity and Limit of Detection." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 7 (July 1997): 994–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941377.

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Five surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates were quantitatively compared for ease of preparation, sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), reproducibility, and stability. Specifically, vapor-deposited Ag films, electrochemically roughened Ag electrodes, nitric acid-etched Ag foil, Tollens-produced Ag films, and photore-duced Ag films on TiO2 were examined. Of these substrates, post-deposition-annealed Ag films exhibited the greatest sensitivity and lowest LOD, with 152 ± 1 counts per femtomole and an LOD of 0.36 ± 0.02 femtomoles of trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (BPE). The substrate demonstrating the poorest sensitivity and highest LOD was Ag deposited from the Tollens reaction, with 0.38 ± 0.01 counts per femtomole and an LOD of 270 ± 20 femtomoles of BPE. The easiest substrate to prepare, nitric acid-etched Ag foils, exhibited a sensitivity of 0.485 ± 0.008 counts per femtomole and an LOD of 200 ± 10 femtomoles of BPE.

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28

Mravljak, Rok, Ožbej Bizjak, Benjamin Božič, Matejka Podlogar, and Aleš Podgornik. "Flow-Through PolyHIPE Silver-Based Catalytic Reactor." Polymers 13, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060880.

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Catalytic reactors performing continuously are an important step towards more efficient and controllable processes compared to the batch operation mode. For this purpose, homogenous high internal phase emulsion polymer materials with an immobilized silver catalyst were prepared and used as a continuous plug flow reactor. Porous material with epoxide groups was functionalized to bear aldehyde groups which were used to reduce silver ions using Tollens reagent. Investigation of various parameters revealed that the mass of deposited silver depends on the aldehyde concentration as well as the composition of Tollens reagent. Nanoparticles formed on the pore surface showed high crystallinity with a cuboctahedra crystal shape and highly uniform surface coverage. The example of the 4-nitrophenol catalytic reduction in a continuous process was studied and demonstrated to be dependent on the mass of deposited silver. Furthermore, productivity increased with the volumetric silver density and flow rate, and it was preserved during prolonged usage and storage.

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29

Benet, William E., Gabriella S. Lewis, Louise Z. Yang, and Peter D. E. Hughes. "The mechanism of the reaction of the Tollens reagent." Journal of Chemical Research 35, no. 12 (December 30, 2011): 675–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751911x13206824040536.

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30

Socher, David. "A Little Roundup of Modus Tollens in the Flesh." Teaching Philosophy 30, no. 1 (2007): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil200730138.

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31

Wu, Ya, Xia Wang, Jian-hong Gong, and Jing-chao Tao. "Ethylent-15α-[(2-nitrobenzyloxy)methyl]-16-oxobeyeran-20-oate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, no. 8 (July 4, 2012): o2342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812029418.

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In the title compound, C30H41NO6, the three six-membered rings adopt chair conformations and the stereochemistry of theA/BandB/Cring junctions aretrans. The five-membered ringDadopts an envelope conformation, with the methylene C atom as the flap. The title compound was synthesizedviaesterification, Tollens reaction, 1,5-hydride shift from the natural tetracyclic diterpenoid isosteviol

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32

Han, Ying, Cheng-Chew Lim, and Sheng Chen. "Triple I fuzzy modus tollens method with inconsistent bipolarity information." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 32, no. 6 (May 23, 2017): 4299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-16891.

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33

Wallace, Meg. "Counterexamples and Common Sense: When (Not) to Tollens a Ponens." Analysis 80, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 544–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anz056.

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34

Phuong, Le Anh, and Tran Dinh Khang. "Generalized Modus Tollens with Linguistic Modifiers for Inverse Approximate Reasoning." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems 7, no. 3 (December 3, 2013): 556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2013.870766.

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35

Jensen, Lotte. "Commemorating Tollens: Cultural Nationalism, Literary Heritage, and Dutch National Identity." Dutch Crossing 36, no. 3 (November 2012): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0309656412z.00000000018.

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36

Chaiendoo, Kanokwan, Sawarin Sooksin, Sirinan Kulchat, Vinich Promarak, Thawatchai Tuntulani, and Wittaya Ngeontae. "A new formaldehyde sensor from silver nanoclusters modified Tollens’ reagent." Food Chemistry 255 (July 2018): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.030.

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37

Smith, Leslie. "Representation and knowledge are not the same thing." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (October 1999): 784–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99552187.

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Two standard epistemological accounts are conflated in Dienes & Perner's account of knowledge, and this conflation requires the rejection of their four conditions of knowledge. Because their four metarepresentations applied to the explicit-implicit distinction are paired with these conditions, it follows by modus tollens that if the latter are inadequate, then so are the former. Quite simply, their account misses the link between true reasoning and knowledge.

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38

Bonnefon, Jean-François, and Gaëlle Villejoubert. "Modus Tollens, Modus Shmollens: Contrapositive reasoning and the pragmatics of negation." Thinking & Reasoning 13, no. 2 (May 2007): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13546780601069488.

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39

Montazer, Majid, Farbod Alimohammadi, Ali Shamei, and Mohammad Karim Rahimi. "In situ synthesis of nano silver on cotton using Tollens’ reagent." Carbohydrate Polymers 87, no. 2 (January 2012): 1706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.079.

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40

Su, Yong, Aifang Xie, and Hua-Wen Liu. "Generating Implications from One-Variable Functions." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 23, no. 06 (December 2015): 927–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488515500427.

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In this paper, we firstly introduce two new classes of fuzzy implications generated from one-variable functions, called [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-implications, respectively. Then we give a series of necessary and sufficient conditions that these implications satisfy: left neutrality property, identity principle, ordering principle, law of contraposition, modus ponens and modus tollens, respectively. We also discuss the relations between [Formula: see text]- implication ([Formula: see text]-implications, respectively) and other known classes of fuzzy implications.

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41

Chajda, I., and J. Krňávek. "MP-CLOSED SUBSETS IN BASIC ALGEBRAS." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 05, no. 04 (December 2012): 1250048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557112500489.

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A subset M of a given basic algebra [Formula: see text] is MP-closed if a ∈ M and a → b ∈ M always imply b ∈ M for b ≤ a. We get a characterization of MP-closed subsets for commutative basic algebras in terms of closedness in the derived operation ⊙. If, moreover, the basic algebra is a chain, then a particular simple condition is derived. For basic algebras which are not commutative we derive only a closedness with respect to the deduction rule Modus Tollens.

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42

Freitas, Renan Springer de, and Ana Cristina Murta Collares. "O modus tollens, o holismo de Duhem-Quine e as ciências sociais." Dados 44, no. 2 (2001): 397–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0011-52582001000200006.

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43

Sangsuk, Supin. "Preparation of high surface area silver powder via Tollens process under sonication." Materials Letters 64, no. 6 (March 2010): 775–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.01.013.

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44

Edwankar, Chitra R., Rahul V. Edwankar, Sundari Rallapalli, and James M. Cook. "General Approach to the Total Synthesis of Macroline-Related Sarpagine and Ajmaline Alkaloids1." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 11 (November 2008): 1934578X0800301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800301114.

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Described in this review is a general and efficient strategy for the synthesis of macroline-related sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids. The tetracyclic ketone in the parent system, as well as the alkoxy substituted series served as templates for the synthesis of these complex molecules. The palladium-mediated enolate cross coupling process, regiospecific hydroboration, and Tollens reaction are some of the key transformations that have been employed for further functionalization of these templates. Synthetic routes that have been improved, in order to obtain gram quantities of these alkaloids form a part of this review.

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45

Sobel, Jordan Howard. "Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens for Conditional Probabilities, and Updating on Uncertain Evidence." Theory and Decision 66, no. 2 (September 28, 2007): 103–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11238-007-9072-0.

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46

Textor, Torsten, Moustafa M. G. Fouda, and Boris Mahltig. "Deposition of durable thin silver layers onto polyamides employing a heterogeneous Tollens’ reaction." Applied Surface Science 256, no. 8 (February 2010): 2337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.10.063.

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47

Le, Anh-Tuan, P. T. Huy, Phuong Dinh Tam, Tran Quang Huy, Phung Dac Cam, A. A. Kudrinskiy, and Yu A. Krutyakov. "Green synthesis of finely-dispersed highly bactericidal silver nanoparticles via modified Tollens technique." Current Applied Physics 10, no. 3 (May 2010): 910–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2009.10.021.

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48

Chaudhari, Nitin K., Minsik Kim, Hwan Kyu Kim, Seong-Ho Choi, Kuk Ro Yoon, Kwang-Sup Lee, and Jong-Sung Yu. "Fluorescence Enhancement of Ruthenium Complex on Silver Using Different Chain Length Carboxylic Acid Terminated Thiols: Distance and Metal Concentration Study." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 4747–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic02.

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Abstract:

The fluorescence enhancement of ruthenium complex (Ru(bpy)2+3) was studied on silver surface deposited by simple Tollens mirror reaction. The plasmon effects on spacer distance, silver concentration, and deposition methods were examined. Silver nanoparticles prepared were coated with different chain length carboxylic acid-terminated thiols as spacers. This leads to development of distance between Ag and Ru dye being varied from 4 to 23 Å. Effect of different silver deposition methods on the emission spectra was also studied using metal evaporator deposition method. The results show that Ag concentration, Ag film roughness, and specific distance between metal and dye should be tuned for a maximum increase in fluorescence.

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49

Soukupová, Jana, Libor Kvítek, Aleš Panáček, Taťjana Nevěčná, and Radek Zbořil. "Comprehensive study on surfactant role on silver nanoparticles (NPs) prepared via modified Tollens process." Materials Chemistry and Physics 111, no. 1 (September 2008): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.03.018.

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50

Dondi, Ruggero, Wu Su, Gerry A. Griffith, Graham Clark, and Glenn A. Burley. "Highly Size- and Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles via a Templated Tollens Reaction." Small 8, no. 5 (January 9, 2012): 770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201101474.

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