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Academic literature on the topic 'Tomates – Plants – Génétique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tomates – Plants – Génétique"
GARANE, Ali, Koussao SOME, Jeanne NiKIEMA, Mamoudou TRAORE, and Mahamadou SAWADOGO. "Etude du comportement de neuf cultivars de tomates (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) dans différentes zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso pendant l’hivernage." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 40, no. 3 (June 28, 2019): 6656–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v40-3.1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tomates – Plants – Génétique"
Dubuc, Jean-François. "Impact des conditions de culture in vitro et du saccharose exogène sur la régulation de l'expression génique et l'accumulation des protéines chez les plantules de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27278/27278.pdf.
Full textEl, Halmouch Yasser H. "Recherche de mécanismes de résistance à l'Orobanche chez des génotypes de tomate : aspects histologiques, physiologiques, moléculaires et génétiques." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2045.
Full textIn the Mediterranean area and the Nile Valley broomrape, a parasitic plant, causes severe yield losses in tomato fields. In order to find broomrape resistant tomato genotypes a screening of numerous wild, varieties and introgression lines was carried out, first under greenhouse conditions, then in an in vitro co-culture. One of the most interesting genotype, Lycopersicon pennellii, produces root exudates which inhibit broomrape germination and induce necrosis of the parasitic tubercles. Host responses involved cell wall thickening lignin deposition and xylem vessel occlusion. The expression of some genes from the lignin biosynthesis pathway was shown to be rapidly induced in L. Pennellii infested by broomrape
Cecchi, Marie. "Devenir du plomb dans le système sol-plante : Cas d'un sol contaminé par une usine de recyclage du plomb et de deux plantes potagères (Fève et Tomate)." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000672/.
Full textToxic for the ecosystems, lead is one of the most widespread pollutants in the soils and thus represents a major environmental problem. In this context, the fate of Pb in a calcareous soil contaminated by a lead recycling plant fallout and in the rhizosphère of 2 plants was studied. The soil presents a strong contamination in surface with a migration of Pb until 60 cm. Anthropogenic Pb is mainly bound to carbonates whereas natural Pb is associated to iron oxides. The root' s activity affects this Pb distribution, by decreasing the pH, involving a decrease of the carbonates-bound fraction and an increase of the exchangeable one. An important transfer of towards the roots is shown, with most of Pb adsorbed on their surface, and a limited translocation towards the aerial parts. The plants do not present any symptom of toxicity, however this contaminated ground is genotoxic
Dechamp-Guillaume, Grégory. "Expression et régulation des gènes de glycoprotéines riches en hydroxyproline dans le cadre du développement des plantes et des interactions avec les microorganismes." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30187.
Full textZegzouti, Hicham. "Isolement de nouveaux gènes régulés par l'éthylène chez la tomate (L. Esculentum) par criblage de cDNA issus du differential display." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT016A.
Full textGauffier, Camille. "Recherche et mise en place de résistances génétiques aux begomovirus et aux potyvirus chez la tomate." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4079.
Full textThe development of plants resistant to need to identify sources of resistance, to introduce them into the desired genetic background and subsequently to monitor their performance and durability. By studying two distinct pathosystems, this thesis work has allowed me to address those three stages.The tomato-begomoviruses pathosystem presents a significant economic interest. Transgenic approach suggests that SlNAC1 (coding for a transcription factor) is involved in resistance mechanisms to begomoviruses, probably by triggering systemic acquired resistance. Besides, the SlNAC1 overexpression seems to be associated with growth retardation, a side-effect incompatible with its use in plant breeding.The tomato-potyviruses pathosystem allowed the comparison within the same species of both natural and induced resistance alleles, associated with mutations affecting the translation initiation factor eIF4E1. Work on those alleles highlighted a redundancy effect within the eIF4E small multigenic family toward resistance, affecting eIF4E2 and favouring the use of functional resistance alleles in resistance. In parallel, the introgression of thebroad-spectrum resistance natural allele was introgressed into a tomato line that already possess other pathogen resistance genes is accompanied by an erosion of the resistance spectrum, due to a massive resistance breakdown by the PVY-LYE84 strain.Altogether, this current work highlight cautions to be taken for introducing resistance genes as well as stressing the importance of combining those approaches with the study of plant development
Huang, Baowen. "Investigating the function of class D MADS-box genes in tomato fruit development." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30134.
Full textMADS-box genes encode transcription factors that are key elements of the genetic networks controlling flower and fruit development. Among these, the class D clade gathers AGAMOUS-like genes involved in seed, ovule and funiculus development. Tomato genome contains two class D genes: Sl-AGL11 and Sl-MBP3. Transcript accumulation analysed by qPCR indicated that Sl-AGL11 and Sl-MBP3 are both expressed at early fruit development but with distinct territories: Sl-MBP3 being highly expressed in the placenta and the locular gel while Sl-AGL11 expression peaked in the seeds. This expression patterning was confirmed in tomato plants expressing promoter-Sl-MBP3-GUS fusion which displayed high GUS signal in the locular gel while in promoter-Sl-AGL11-GUS lines the signals was restricted to seed embryo and endosperm. The functional significance of Sl-AGL11 and Sl-MBP3 was then addressed through RNAi-silencing and ectopic expression strategies. Overexpression of Sl-AGL11 induced the conversion of sepals into carpelloid fleshy organs that undergo ripening, which is reminiscent of the phenotypes observed for class C TAG1 and TAGL1 MADS-box genes. In addition, Sl-AGL11-overexpressing fruits exhibited a marked hypertrophy of the placenta, a reduction of the locular space, and an extreme softening that occurs well before ripening. Moreover, starch and soluble sugar contents were substantially higher in these fruits and fruit-like sepals, corroborating their conversion into a fleshy organ with similar metabolic reorientations. RNA-Seq analyses performed on young fruits and sepals confirmed the metabolic reprogramming induced by the ectopic expression of Sl-AGL11 among which cell wall-related and photosynthetic genes seem to be the most strongly impacted. Over-expression of Sl-MBP3 in tomato resulted in phenotypes similar to those observed with Sl-AGL11 ectopic expression suggesting functional redundancy of the two class D tomato genes. While the RNAi-mediated specific downregulation of Sl-AGL11 did not show any obvious phenotype, Sl-MBP3 specific downregulation resulted in fruits lacking locular gel formation. Conversely, Sl-MBP3-silenced fruits showed an increased firmness. At last, the simultaneous down-regulation of Sl-AGL11 and Sl-MBP3 expression also triggered the loss of gel formation and increased firmness; but it resulted in marked reduction in fruit size and a decrease in seed number, size and germination capacity. Altogether, these results suggest that, in addition to the well-established role in seed development of class D MADS-box genes, Sl-AGL11 and/or Sl-MBP3 strongly affect fleshy fruit development and quality traits, notably by impacting the differentiation of the locular gel
Martinez, Jacques. "Approche génétique et physiologique de la croissance et du développement à basse température chez quelques "Lycopersicon"." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20234.
Full textBellini, Catherine. "Transfert direct de gènes chez le tabac et la tomate par manipulation de protoplastes." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112200.
Full textTobacco mesophyll protoplasts were transfected with a plasmid, pLGVneo, carrying a kanamycin resistance gene expressed in plant tissues. Transfections were performed by fusion of protoplasts with liposomes in which the plasmid had been encapsulated. A hundred independent clones, selected for their resistance to kanamycin, were regenerated and characterized. When tested for their level of resistance at the protoplast level, clones expressed a wide range of resistance to aminoglycosides. The level of resistance to paromomycin was not correlated to the number of copies of the inserted plasmid sequences. Resistance to kanamycin segregates in a Mendelian manner, as a monogenic, dominant nuclear marker for 50% of the tested plants. Various new phenotypes were observed among the regenerated plants or in their progeny, but no evidence for the mutagenic effect of inserted sequences was found. The new phenotypes observed are therefore due to somaclonal variation. The kanamycin resistance marker was found to be linked to another genetic marker, Vair, in one of the transformants, Ka110. Several transformants did not stahly transmit the kanamycin resistance marker. Clone Ka120 transmitted kanamycin resistance nonnally when used as a female parent, but transmitted the resistance at a very low frequency (2% instead of 50 %) when used as a pollen donor
Tournier, Barthélémy. "Contrôle transcriptionnel de l'expression génique dépendant de l'éthylène au cours de la maturation du fruit chez la tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum)." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT008A.
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