Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tomografo

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Tomografo'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tomografo"

1

Cartolari, R., L. Perugini, L. Vocino, and S. Boni. "Costruzione di trasparenti tridimensionali in tomografia computerizzata." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 9, no. 1 (February 1996): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099600900110.

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Viene presentata una tecnica che, partendo da normali acquisizioni TC, con la sola utilizzazione dei programmi di base del tomografo («on-the-scanner») consente di produrre modelli tridimensionali (3D) con visualizzazione, in trasparenza, di aree di interesse specifico (bersagli). La tecnica prevede la produzione di una serie di «immagini-maschera» alle quali vengono sovrapposte «immagini-bersaglio» nella stessa prospettiva, ottenute sia con semplice campionamento attraverso l'u-so della soglia ( thresholding) che attraverso segmentazione manuale. La costruzione dei trasparenti, oltre a rappresentare un potente mezzo di sintesi delle informazioni contenute nell' esame, può consentire valutazioni diagnostiche originali in pazienti portatori di voluminose protesi metalliche, sia grazie alla visione d'insieme del volume esaminato, sia riducendo in parte gli artefatti da effetto Hounsfield.
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2

Durlak, Wojciech, and Edyta Górska-Drabik. "Ocena przydatności tomografu dźwiękowego w diagnozowaniu zdrowotności drzew zasiedlonych przez szkodniki owadzie." Agronomy Science 76, no. 2 (July 21, 2021): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/as.2021.2.4.

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W badaniach określono przydatność tomografii dźwiękowej do oceny stanu zdrowotnego sosny pospolitej i olszy czarnej zasiedlonych przez szkodniki owadzie. Phaenops cyanea, Rhagium inquisitor, Arhopalus rusticus żerujące na sośnie oraz monofagiczny gatunek Synanthedon mesiaeformis występujący na olszy to szkodniki wtórne, które zasiedlają drzewa osłabione przez różne czynniki środowiskowe. Do badań wybrano dwie sosny pospolite i dwie olsze czarne rosnące na terenie leśnictwa Macoszyn w kompleksie lasu świeżego. Zastosowano urządzenie Picus 3 bazujące na metodzie tomografii akustycznej. Wykorzystuje ona właściwości fali dźwiękowej, generowanej po obwodzie pnia, dostarczając informacji o stanie zdrowotnym drewna. Oceniane sosny zasiedlone przez szkodniki wtórne były już martwe, jednak otrzymane wyniki z tomografu sugerowały 100% sprawność techniczną drewna, nie wykazując przy tym uszkodzeń spowodowanych przez owady. U olszy czarnej analiza tomograficzna wykazała znaczne uszkodzenia wewnętrznych struktur drewna (25 i 49%), ale nie były one spowodowane żerowaniem szkodnika a raczej rozkładem próchniczym. Tomografia dźwiękowa nie odzwierciedla rzeczywistego obrazu uszkodzeń spowodowanych przez owady, ale może być narzędziem do typowania drzew osłabionych, które mogą być atakowane przez szkodniki wtórnie.
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Rust, Steffen. "Accuracy and Reproducibility of Acoustic Tomography Significantly Increase with Precision of Sensor Position." Journal of Forest and Landscape Research 2, no. 1 (November 6, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jflr.v2i1.449.

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Acoustic tomograms are widely used in tree risk assessment. They should be accurate,repeatable and comparable between consecutive measurements. Previous work has failed to address the effects of different approaches to record sensor positions, operators and models of tomograph on the resulting tomograms.In this study, three operators used the two most common sonic tomographmodels to measure seven cross-sections of Norway spruce trees, whichwere felled after the measurement. We evaluated the effects of model, operator, and different approaches to measure sensor positions on the quality of the tomograms.The largest source of error was the position of sensors, affectingestimated stress wave velocity, the shape of the tomogram, and the sizeof the defect.To produce accurate and repeatable tomograms of trees with complex shapes,it is essential to measure the sensor positions precisely.
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Терещенко, С. А., and А. Ю. Лысенко. "Реконструкция пространственного распределения источников излучения в пропорциональной рассеивающей среде." Журнал технической физики 91, no. 5 (2021): 732. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.05.50683.294-20.

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A new method of image reconstruction for single-photon emission computed tomography in a proportional scattering medium is investigated. The detector counts were obtained using Monte Carlo simulation with the Geant4 nuclear physics software system, which eliminates the need for a real tomograph, radiopharmaceuticals and a phantom under study. In this case, the detector counts obtained with the Geant4 do not practically differ from those that would have been obtained in a full-scale experiment for the real scattering medium. The influence of the absorbing and scattering properties of thirteen different substances as a medium, in which the spatial distribution of radiation sources is immersed, on the accuracy of the tomogram reconstruction is investigated. The significant advantage of the proposed algorithm for reconstruction of emission tomograms in comparison with the traditional one is shown.
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Терещенко, С. А., and А. Ю. Лысенко. "Реконструкция пространственного распределения источников излучения в пропорциональной рассеивающей среде." Журнал технической физики 91, no. 5 (2021): 732. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.05.50683.294-20.

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A new method of image reconstruction for single-photon emission computed tomography in a proportional scattering medium is investigated. The detector counts were obtained using Monte Carlo simulation with the Geant4 nuclear physics software system, which eliminates the need for a real tomograph, radiopharmaceuticals and a phantom under study. In this case, the detector counts obtained with the Geant4 do not practically differ from those that would have been obtained in a full-scale experiment for the real scattering medium. The influence of the absorbing and scattering properties of thirteen different substances as a medium, in which the spatial distribution of radiation sources is immersed, on the accuracy of the tomogram reconstruction is investigated. The significant advantage of the proposed algorithm for reconstruction of emission tomograms in comparison with the traditional one is shown.
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6

Righini, A., O. De Divitiis, A. Prinster, D. Spagnoli, I. Apollonio, L. Bello, G. Tomei, R. Villani, F. Fazio, and M. Leonardi. "Risonanza magnetica funzionale: Localizzazione dell'area motoria primaria in pazienti portatori di lesioni espansive cerebrali Risultati preliminari." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 8, no. 3 (June 1995): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099500800304.

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La Risonanza Magnetica Funzionale (RMF) ha dimostrato di poter localizzare la sede di aree corticali funzionali in numerosi protocolli su volontari sani. La identificazione prechirurgica di aree corticali eloquenti è molto importante al fine della realizzazione di un intervento il meno lesivo possibile per la funzione. Il sowertimento più o meno grossolano della regione anatomica da parte di un processo espansivo rende spesso difficile la identificazione di determinati reperi anatomici. Ci siamo proposti di studiare con RMF, su tomografo convenzionale, pazienti affetti da neoplasie intra ed extrassiali che interessavano il lobo frontale posteriore o quello parietale. Sono stati studiati quindici pazienti, tutti destrimani, di età compresa tra i 15 ed i 64 anni. Sono state ottenute mappe di attivazione, che hanno evidenziato aree di significativo aumento del segnale in regione parieto-frontale posteriore. La morfologia delle aree di significativo aumento di segnale era il più delle volte di tipo serpiginoso. Quando l'effetto massa era netto, l'area attivata nell'emisfero patologico appariva dislocata rispetto a quella nell'emisfero controlaterale. Sino ad ora sono stati ripetuti gli esami di RMF dopo l'intervento chirurgico in tre pazienti che non presentavano deficit motori significativi all'arto superiore. Neoplasms compressing or infiltrating cerebral cortex often alter the normal anatomy in such a way that the neurosurgeon can not easily localize and spare functional areas. Moreover, the results of mass effect on brain functional anatomy have not been extensively investigated in vivo yet.
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Rector, James W., and John K. Washbourne. "Characterization of resolution and uniqueness in crosswell direct‐arrival traveltime tomography using the Fourier projection slice theorem." GEOPHYSICS 59, no. 11 (November 1994): 1642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443553.

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The process of acquiring a crosswell seismic direct‐arrival traveltime data set can be approximated by a series of truncated plane‐wave projections through an interwell slowness field. Using this approximation, the resolution and uniqueness of crosswell direct‐arrival traveltime tomograms can be characterized by invoking the Fourier projection slice theorem, which states that a plane‐wave projection through an object constitutes a slice of the object’s spatial spectrum. The limited vertical aperture of a crosswell survey introduces a small amount of nonuniqueness into the reconstructed tomogram by truncating the plane‐wave projection. By contrast, the limitations on angular aperture have a significant effect on resolution. The reconstructed tomogram is smeared primarily along the limiting projection angles, with the amount of smearing dependent upon the well spacing and the angular aperture. The amount of smearing was found to be inversely proportional to tan Δϕ, where Δϕ is the angular aperture illuminating a sector of the interwell plane. Consequently, the amount of smearing can be large where the angular aperture becomes small, such as at the top and bottom of the tomogram. For interwell sectors illuminated by large angular apertures, Fresnel zone effects will generally be the limiting factor in crosswell tomogram resolution. However, in some circumstances, angular aperture effects may control the tomogram resolution. The effects of angular aperture and direct‐arrival Fresnel zones produce tomograms with spatial resolution that is dependent upon the well spacing. This study indicates that direct‐arrival traveltime tomography will not usually produce tomograms with substantially greater resolution than surface seismic techniques for normal oil and gas well spacings.
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Makarov, A. Y., А. V. Kholin, and D. V. Gurevich. "The place of magnetic resonance tomography in diagnosis of discogenic cervical myelopathy." Neurology Bulletin XXVII, no. 1-2 (May 15, 1995): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb78235.

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The data on complex examination using MRT techniques (T1 and T2 weighted sagittal and cross section tomograms in the tomograph with 0,04 T field strength) for examination of 45 patients suspected in cervical ische mic myelopathy are given. In 27 patients with clinically confirmed diagnosis of myelopathy the compression of spinal marrow was found. MRT is the most informative techique allowing the objective detection of the causes of compressive ischemic myelopathy with cervical loca tion. It is advantageous to use expressed T2 weighted sa gittal tomograms better detecting osteochondrosis and posterior herniae. T1 weighted tomograms are important when determining the direction of disc protruding and the extent of spinal marrow compression.
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Zhou, Changxi, Gerard T. Schuster, Sia Hassanzadeh, and Jerry M. Harris. "Elastic wave equation traveltime and waveform inversion of crosswell data." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 3 (May 1997): 853–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444194.

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A method is presented for reconstructing P‐ and S‐velocity distributions from elastic traveltimes and waveforms. The input data consist of crosswell hydrophone records generated by a piezoelectric borehole source. Borehole effects are partially accounted for by using a low‐frequency Green's function to simulate the pressure generated in the fluid‐filled receiver well. The tube waves in the borehole are ignored, on the assumption that they can be removed from the field data by median filtering. In addition, the source‐radiation pattern is partially taken into account by inverting for the equivalent stress components acting on the earth at the source location. The elastic wave equation traveltime and waveform inversion (WTW) method is applied to both synthetic crosswell data and the McElroy field crosswell data. As predicted by theory, results show that elastic WTW tomograms provide a sharper interface image than delineated in the traveltime tomograms. The spatial resolution of the McElroy traveltime tomogram is about 20 m compared to about 3 m and 1.5 m, respectively, for the associated P‐ and S‐velocity WTW tomograms. From these tomograms, detailed porosity maps of the interwell geology are constructed. There is a very good correlation between the P‐velocity tomograms and the P‐velocity log profiles, and there is a good correlation between the smooth parts of the S‐velocity tomogram and the S‐velocity logs. Unfortunately, the high‐wavenumber parts of the S‐velocity tomograms do not correlate well with the high‐wavenumber parts of the S‐velocity logs. We believe this problem is partly caused by not taking into account attenuation effects in the WTW algorithm.
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Brazaitis, Andrius, Algirdas Tamošiūnas, Vytautas Tutkus, and Janina Tutkuvienė. "Patelofemoralinio skausmo sindromo vaizdinimas." Medicinos teorija ir praktika 21, no. 3.2 (June 10, 2015): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15591/mtp.2015.069.

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Reikšminiai žodžiai: kelio sąnarys, girnelės-šlaunikaulio sąnarys, patelofemoralinio skausmo sindromas, magnetinio rezonanso tomografija. Skausmas priekinėje kelio sąnario dalyje yra dažnas pacientų skundas. Ši problema turi didelę socialinę ir ekonominę reikšmę, nes dažniausiai paveikia jaunus ir aktyvius žmones [1]. Dažnis siekia 15–33 proc. suaugusiųjų populiacijoje, 21–45 proc. – paauglių [2, 3]. Nepaisant susirgimo dažnumo ir klinikinių simptomų gausumo, jo etiologija ir diferencinė diagnostika, remiantis tik klinikiniais požymiais, išlieka sudėtinga. Dalies etiologiją pavyksta išsiaiškinti lengvai – tai trauma, raiščių ar sausgyslių plyšimas, tepalinių maišelių uždegimas, likusių diferencinei diagnostikai reikalingi įvairūs radiologiniai tyrimai. Radiologinis kelio sąnario ištyrimas prasideda nuo rentgenogramų – greito, pigaus ir gana efektyvaus tyrimo metodo. Jose galima nustatyti lūžimus, osteoartritą, osteochondrinį pažeidimą, patinimą [2]. Daugiasluoksnio kompiuterinio tomografo ir trimačių rekonstrukcijų pagalba galima nustatyti smulkius lūžimus, kurių nesimato rentgeno nuotraukose [3]. Magnetinio rezonanso tomografija (MRT) yra pasirinkimo metodas įtariant meniskų, raiščių, kremzlės, raumenų ir sausgyslių pažeidimą arba jei nepakanka informacijos paprastesniuose tyrimuose [3]. MRT laikomas auksiniu standartu kelio sąnario radiologiniuose tyrimuose ir mūsų praktikoje sudaro per 50 proc. visų raumenų ir skeleto MRT tyrimų. Vis daugiau pacientų kreipiasi dėl kelio sąnario MRT tyrimo, todėl detalios kelio sąnario anatomijos ir patologijos žinios svarbios tinkamam tyrimui ir gydymui pasirinkti. Skausmo priekinėje sąnario dalyje klasifikacijos yra įvairios. Jackson ir kolegos [4] skausmo priežastis suskirstė į aiškias (židininiai pažeidimai nustatomi kliniškai ir radiologiškai) ir neaiškias (funkcines/dinamines). Tuo tarpu Post [5] skausmą priekinėje sąnario dalyje suskirstė pagal pobūdį: pastovų, susijusį su fiziniu krūviu, aštrų, nepastovų. Anatominis suskirstymas yra praktiškiausias, nes sujungia visas struktūras į vieną mechanizmą [6]. Priežastys gali būti ekstrasąnarinės ir intrasąnarinės. Šio straipsnio tikslas – apžvelgti skausmo priekinėje kelio sąnario dalyje priežastis, apibūdinti pakitimus, matomus magnetinio rezonanso tomografijos vaizduose.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tomografo"

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Fucci, Laura. "Caratterizzazione dosimetrica e di qualità immagine del tomografo Philips Brilliance ICT 256-slice." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8354/.

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In questo lavoro, svolto presso l'Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (I.R.S.T.) (I.R.C.C.S) di Meldola, si sono studiate le caratteristiche di un tomografo Philips Brilliance iCT 256 strati, con l'obiettivo di individuare le variazioni di qualità delle immagini e di dose in funzione dei parametri di acquisizione dello strumento, al fine di una successiva ottimizzazione dei protocolli degli esami tomografici. Le valutazioni sono state fatte sul tomografo multistrato Philips mediante uso di diversi fantocci e dosimetri, seguendo le linee guida della pubblicazione per il controllo di qualità in tomografia computerizzata dell'International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Si è utilizzato il fantoccio Catphan per la caratterizzazione della qualità dell'immagine, acquisendo immagini sia in modalità assiale che spirale e variando parametri di acquisizione quali spessore di strato, kV, mAs e pitch. Per le varie combinazioni di questi parametri sono state misurate, mediante l'utilizzo dei software ImageJ ed ImageOwl, grandezze oggettive quali risoluzione spaziale, risoluzione a basso contrasto e rumore dell'immagine acquisita. Due fantocci di polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) head e body sono serviti, insieme ad una camera a ionizzazione di tipo pencil, per la misura di indici di dose per la tomografia computerizzata (CTDI). L'irraggiamento di questi strumenti è stato effettuato a diversi valori di tensione del tubo radiogeno e ha permesso di confrontare i valori CTDI misurati con quelli forniti dal tomografo. Si sono quindi calcolate le dosi efficaci di alcuni protocolli della macchina per poi confrontarle con livelli di riferimento diagnostici (DRL), strumenti utilizzati con l'obiettivo di raggiungere valori di dose adeguati per lo scopo clinico dell'esame. Come ulteriore valutazione dosimetrica, si è utilizzato il fantoccio antropomorfo Rando, in cui sono stati inseriti dei dosimetri a termoluminescenza (TLD) per la misura della dose organo. Dai risultati si osserva un andamento inversamente proporzionale tra tensione del tubo radiogeno e contrasto dell'immagine. Impostando valori alti di kV si ottiene però un'immagine meno rumorosa. Oltre alla tensione del tubo, si è valutato come anche lo spessore di strato e la corrente influiscano sul rumore dell'immagine. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano che i valori dei parametri oggettivi di qualità delle immagini rientrano nei limiti di attendibilità, così come i valori di CTDI visualizzati dal tomografo. Lo studio della dipendenza di questi parametri oggettivi dalle impostazione di scansione permette di ottimizzare l'acquisizione TC, ottenendo un buon compromesso fra dose impartita e qualità dell'immagine.
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Da, Vià Luigi. "Applicazione di un tomografo a resistenza elettrica allo studio della miscelazione in reattori bifase agitati meccanicamente." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2560/.

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Rosa, Alessandro. "Caratteristiche dei radiofarmaci utilizzati per le indagini PET." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13260/.

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I radiofarmaci sono radionuclidi o composti chimici contenenti radionuclidi. Questi preparati radioattivi rispettano tutte le normative previste dalla farmacopea ufficiale (F.U.) per la somministrazione nell'uomo. Un rilevante numero di radiofarmaci sono da tempo utilizzati a scopo diagnostico e terapeutico nei reparti di medicina nucleare.L’avvento della tomografia ad emissione di positroni (PET), tecnica diagnostica per le immagini che fornisce informazioni di tipo funzionale-metabolica attraverso l’utilizzo di radionuclidi con breve emivita, ha incrementato la produzione di radionuclidi.Nel presente elaborato di tesi sono state analizzate le caratteristiche e il relativo campo di applicazione dei principali radiofarmaci utilizzati per le indagini PET. Per ognuno di essi è stato descritto il meccanismo d’azione e i principali utilizzi. I principali campi d’applicazione trattati sono quello Oncologico, Cardiologico e Neurologico. Oltre alle caratteristiche dei vari radiofarmaci sono state evidenziate anche le normative riguardanti le norme di buona preparazione dei radiofarmaci e i principali metodi di protezione dalle radiazioni.
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Masetti, Simone <1970&gt. "Sviluppo di un tomografo multi-energy per lo studio pre-clinico di nuove metodiche diagnostiche finalizzate al riconoscimento precoce della patologia tumorale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/841/.

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A new multi-energy CT for small animals is being developed at the Physics Department of the University of Bologna, Italy. The system makes use of a set of quasi-monochromatic X-ray beams, with energy tunable in a range from 26 KeV to 72 KeV. These beams are produced by Bragg diffraction on a Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite crystal. With quasi-monochromatic sources it is possible to perform multi-energy investigation in a more effective way, as compared with conventional X-ray tubes. Multi-energy techniques allow extracting physical information from the materials, such as effective atomic number, mass-thickness, density, that can be used to distinguish and quantitatively characterize the irradiated tissues. The aim of the system is the investigation and the development of new pre-clinic methods for the early detection of the tumors in small animals. An innovative technique, the Triple-Energy Radiography with Contrast Medium (TER), has been successfully implemented on our system. TER consist in combining a set of three quasi-monochromatic images of an object, in order to obtain a corresponding set of three single-tissue images, which are the mass-thickness map of three reference materials. TER can be applied to the quantitative mass-thickness-map reconstruction of a contrast medium, because it is able to remove completely the signal due to other tissues (i.e. the structural background noise). The technique is very sensitive to the contrast medium and is insensitive to the superposition of different materials. The method is a good candidate to the early detection of the tumor angiogenesis in mice. In this work we describe the tomographic system, with a particular focus on the quasi-monochromatic source. Moreover the TER method is presented with some preliminary results about small animal imaging.
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Cepparulo, Martina. "Analisi del processo di miscelazione in sistemi solido-liquido agitati meccanicamente." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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I processi di miscelazione sono solitamente classificati in base al tipo di materiale da analizzare e si dividono in miscelazione solido-liquido, gas-liquido e liquido-liquido. L’operazione di miscelazione solido-liquido, in serbatoi agitati meccanicamente, è un'operazione industriale molto diffusa, ampiamente utilizzata nelle industrie chimiche, alimentari, petrolifere, farmaceutiche ed elettriche. Nell’ambito della miscelazione di sistemi solido-liquido, l’agitazione del sistema influisce sulla dinamica di dispersione, sospensione e dissoluzione della fase solida, e i regimi che si instaurano dipendono dalla geometria del sistema, oltre che essere influenzati dalle proprietà fisiche delle due fasi. Dunque, l’obiettivo principale del processo di miscelazione solido-liquido è realizzare una dispersione di solidi in fase liquida, lo slurry, appropriata per il raggiungimento del grado di omogeneità desiderato. Per questo scopo, lo studio condotto si propone di monitorare i regimi di flusso di tali sistemi in un serbatoio agitato meccanicamente da girante pitched-blade turbine (PBT), al variare dell’intensità di agitazione e della concentrazione della fase dispersa, utilizzando come strumento di indagine un tomografo a resistenza elettrica (ERT). Per il monitoraggio di sistemi in serbatoi agitati, attraverso l’impiego dell’ ERT, si propone una procedura di acquisizione ed una metodologia di trattamento dati, studiate specificamente per il sistema in analisi.
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Bojková, Eva. "Design počítačového tomografu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228556.

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The graduation thesis is engaged in the design of computed tomography (CT). It is a piece of medical equipment which helps to define the diagnosis of a patient. The first part of the project is a research into contemporary stage and production of CT systems. Consequently the new design of computed tomography is designed in a way to maximise ergonomical, technical and aesthetic quality.
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Ronzová, Gabriela. "Design počítačového tomografu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230498.

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The presented master thesis concerns an own design concept of a CT scanner that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic.
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Kamakura, Tatiana Paula Alvarenga de Carvalho. "Avaliação da ventilação mecânica controlada a pressão utilizando-se a técnica de tomografia por impedância elétrica durante anestesia geral em cães." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-04082014-133218/.

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A hipoventilação secundária ao procedimento anestésico é comum na prática anestésica, e, sendo assim, o emprego de técnicas de ventilação mecânica é adotado como forma de minimizar e/ou evitar os efeitos deletérios da hipoventilação. Porém, o uso de ventiladores mecânicos não é isento de risco, e atelectasias podem se formar mesmo quando são utilizados. Para análise em tempo real do pulmão, a técnica de tomografia por impedância elétrica vem sendo empregada em conjunto com outros meios de monitoração, tendo se demonstrado um meio útil de avaliação da ventilação pulmonar de maneira não invasiva, passível de ser utilizada à beira do leito e sem emissão de radiação. Estudos utilizando o tomógrafo de impedância elétrica em cães são escassos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a ventilação de cães submetidos à anestesia inalatória e à ventilação mecânica utilizando a técnica de tomografia por impedância elétrica. Foram utilizados onze cães com peso superior a 16 kg e classificados como baixo risco anestésico (ASA I ou II). Os animais receberam acepromazina e meperidina como medicação pré-anestésica, propofol como indutor e isofluorano na manutenção da anestesia. Foram mantidos em ventilação mecânica controlada a pressão, com FiO2 de 0,6 e pressão de pico de 10 cmH2O durante os primeiros 90 minutos de anestesia. Foram então realizadas manobras de recrutamento alveolar e instituição de pressão positiva ao final da expiração (PEEP) de 5 cmH2O, e os animais foram avaliados por mais 35 minutos. Os parâmetros foram avaliados 30, 60 e 90 minutos após a indução da anestesia e 5 e 35 minutos após o recrutamento e instituição da PEEP. Apesar de não ter havido diferença estatisticamente significativa nos parâmetros de oxigenação e distribuição da ventilação, foi visível a melhora clínica e nas curvas de oxigenação e impedância. As curvas de impedância geradas a partir dos dados obtidos pelo tomógrafo de impedância elétrica acompanharam as curvas de melhora na oxigenação. O fato de, no estudo, terem sido utilizados animais hígidos e submetidos à ventilação mecânica e FiO2 de 0,6 desde o início pode ter contribuído para não ter havido melhora estatisticamente significativa, embora clinicamente visível. As manobras de recrutamento utilizadas também foram conservadoras em comparação aos outros trabalhos realizados. Infere-se que, se utilizássemos animais doentes e com FiO2 de 1, poderíamos ter obtido um grau maior de atelectasias nos primeiros 90 minutos de anestesia e/ou, se tivéssemos utilizado manobras de recrutamento menos conservadoras, poderíamos ter obtidos melhora estatisticamente significativa após as manobras e instituição da PEEP. A tomografia de impedância elétrica parece ser um bom meio de monitoração do pulmão em tempo real em cães submetidos à anestesia inalatória.
Hypoventilation secondary to anesthesia is common and, therefore, the use of mechanical ventilation techniques is adopted in order to minimize and/or prevent the deleterious effects of hypoventilation. However, the use of mechanical ventilators has risks, and atelectasis can develop even when they are used. For real-time analysis of the lung, the technique of electrical impedance tomography has been used in conjunction with other means of monitoring, having demonstrated to be useful for assessing pulmonary ventilation in a noninvasively way, and also can be used at the bedside and without radiation emission. There are not many studies using electrical impedance tomography in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ventilation of dogs subjected to inhalation anesthesia and mechanical ventilation using the technique of electrical impedance tomography. We used eleven dogs weighing more than 16 kg and classified as low anesthetic risk (ASA I or II). The animals were premedicated with acepromazine and meperidine, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Ventilation was then instituted with FiO2 of 0.6 and peak pressure of 10 cm H2O during the first 90 minutes of anesthesia. Alveolar recruitment maneuvers were realized and pressure positive end- expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cmH2O was initiated. The animals were evaluated for more 35 minutes then. The parameters were measured at 30, 60 and 90 minutes after induction of anesthesia and 5 and 35 minutes after recruitment. Although there was no statistically significant difference in the parameters of oxygenation and ventilation distribution, clinical improvement was visible as was the oxygenation and impedance curves. The impedance curves generated from the data obtained with the electrical impedance tomograph followed the improvement in oxygenation curves. The fact that in this study we used healthy animals undergoing mechanical ventilation with FiO2 of 0.6 right from the beginning, may have contributed to no improvement statistically significant but clinically visible. Recruitment maneuvers used were also conservative in comparison to other papers. We think that, if we used animals and patients with FiO2 of 1, we could have obtained a higher degree of atelectasis in the first 90 minutes of anesthesia and/or, if we had used less conservative recruitment maneuvers, we could have obtained statistically significant improvement after maneuvers and institution of PEEP. The electrical impedance tomography seems to be a good means of real time monitoring the lung of dogs undergoing inhalation anesthesia.
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Vařeka, Karel. "Korelativní tomografie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443242.

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Předložená diplomová práce se zabývá korelativním přístupem multimodální analýzy struktur prokovování s různým rozlišením. Výzkum je součástí mezinárodního projektu týkajícího se charakterizace poruch zmíněných struktur, které jsou implementovány v polovodičových zařízeních. Kombinace korelativní mikroskopie a tomografie technikami NanoXCT, FIB-SEM (EDS), FIB-SIMS a AFM byla navržena k zavedení opakovatelného pracovního postupu. Tomografie fokusovaným iontovým svazkem je metoda přesného odprašování v řezech, která mimo jiné v každém průřezu získává cenné snímky s vysokým rozlišením (FIB-SEM) nebo mapy chemického složení (FIB-SIMS). Následující transformace obrazu umožňuje identifikaci defektů jako funkci hloubky ve struktuře. Práce dále věnuje pozornost metodám sjednocení obrazů za účelem optimální prezentace získaných dat.
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Pimenta, Wanderson Maia. "Tomografia experimental de estados quânticos:: impIementação de tomografia mínima." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/IACO-84RRCW.

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This work has as a main goal the implementation of the experimental minimal quantum tomography in spatial variables using a spatial light modulator. To produce the two photons states entangled in spatial variables we use the properties of the photons produced by Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) and double slits. A theoricaldescription was necessary for the understanding of the minimal tomography method. Four states which describe a tetrahedron in the Bloch sphere were chosen and associated to these states, were built four operators, making it a POVM set for tomography. For the experimental implementation of these operators, it took two calibrations of the spatial light modulator. Values of grayscales and polarization angles of input and output polarizers were determined in order to apply dierent phases and/or specific amplitude diferences between the beams that pass through each slit path. Thus, through the studyof minimal tomography and the knowledge of the operation of the modulator and their calibration, it was possible to experimentally perform the minimal quantum tomography for one and two qubits in spatial variables.
Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo a implementação experimental da tomografia mínima utilizando um modulador espacial de luz. Para tal fim, utilizamos as propriedades dos fótons produzidos pela conversão paramétrica descendente bem como a geração de estados discretos e multidimensionais utilizando fendas múltiplas. Uma descrição teórica foi necessária para o entendimento do método da tomografia mínima. Foram escolhidos quatro estados que descrevem um tetraedro na esfera de Bloch e associados a estes estados, foram construídos quatro projetores, constituindo assim um POVM para a tomografia. Para a implementação experimental destes projetores, foram necessárias duas calibrações do modulador espacial. Valores de escalas de cinza e polarizações de entrada e saída foram determinados com o objetivo de aplicar diferenças de fase e/ou amplitudes específicas entre os feixes que passam por fendas múltiplas. Assim, através do estudo da tomografia mínima e do conhecimento do funcionamento do modulador espacial e suas respectivas calibrações, foi possível realizar experimentalmente as tomografias para um e dois qubits.
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Books on the topic "Tomografo"

1

Tereshchenko, S. A. Metody vychislitelʹnoĭ tomografii. Moskva: Fizmatlit, 2004.

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Troit͡skiĭ, I. N. Statisticheskai͡a teorii͡a tomografii. Moskva: "Radio i svai͡azʹ", 1989.

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I͡A︡, Arsenin V., and Timonov A. A, eds. Matematicheskie zadachi kompʹi͡u︡ternoĭ tomografii. Moskva: "Nauka," Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ lit-ry, 1987.

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Faggioni, Lorenzo. Elementi di tomografia computerizzata. Milano: Springer-Verlag Milan, 2010.

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Faggioni, Lorenzo, Fabio Paolicchi, and Emanuele Neri. Elementi di tomografia computerizzata. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2.

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Mitri︠a︡ĭkin, V. I. Nerazrushai︠u︡shchiĭ kontrolʹ kompozit︠s︡ionnykh konstrukt︠s︡iĭ kompi︠u︡ternym tomografom: Monografii︠a︡. Kazanʹ: Izdatelʹstvo Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2011.

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Tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética: Gastroenterologia. São Paulo, Brasil: SARVIER, 1997.

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1967-, Stürzl Winfried, and Moskaliuk Vivien, eds. Tomograph: Künstlerinnen im Gespräch = Interviews with artists. Stuttgart: Arnoldsche, 2009.

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M, Lavrentʹev M., Institut matematiki (Akademii͡a nauk SSSR. Sibirskoe otdelenie), and Nauchno-proizvodstvennoe obʺedinenie "Kibernetika" AN UzSSR., eds. IV Vsesoi͡uznyĭ simpozium po vychislitelʹnoĭ tomografii: Tezisy dokladov. Novosibirsk: In-t matematiki SO AN SSSR, 1989.

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Duan, Tieying. A software control system for an electrical impedance tomograph. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tomografo"

1

Belcari, Nicola, and Alberto Del Guerra. "Il tomografo PET e PET/TC." In Fondamenti di medicina nucleare, 253–78. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1685-9_12.

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Paolicchi, Fabio, Lorenzo Faggioni, and Davide Caramella. "Cenni storici sulla tomografia computerizzata." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 1–6. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_1.

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Perrone, Franco, and Fabio Picchi. "Controlli di qualità." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 127–38. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_10.

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Faggioni, Lorenzo, Sabina Giusti, and Elisa Orsi. "I mezzi di contrasto in TC." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 139–48. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_11.

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Volterrani, Duccio, Oreste Sorace, and Daniele Fontanelli. "La TC in medicina nucleare." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 149–64. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_12.

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Fatigante, Lucia R., and Marco Panichi. "La TC in radioterapia." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 165–76. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_13.

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Paolicchi, Fabio, Lorenzo Faggioni, and Emanuele Neri. "Sviluppi futuri in TC." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 177–85. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_14.

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Del Corona, Simona, Silvia Cavaliere, and Cristiana Baggiani. "Principali componenti di uno scanner TC." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 7–17. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_2.

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Paolicchi, Fabio, Lorenzo Faggioni, and Riccardo Lazzarini. "Principi della TC convenzionale e della TC spirale." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 19–34. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_3.

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Faggioni, Lorenzo, Riccardo Lazzarini, and Emanuele Neri. "TC multistrato." In Elementi di tomografia computerizzata, 35–48. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1697-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tomografo"

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Gawade, Mrunal, and Martin Kersten. "Tomograph." In the Sixth International Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2479440.2479444.

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Silva, Andreia Tereza da, Gilvander da Silva Ferreira, Luciana Matias da Paz, Ronalda de Sousa Araújo, and Luiz Faustino dos Santos Maia. "Panorama da tomografia por emissão de pósitrons acoplada a tomografia computadorizada no Brasil." In IX Jornada de Radiologia e I Seminário Científico de Radiologia. Revista Remecs, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24281/rremecs.2018.11.8.scr1.5.

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da T. Soares, Patrícia, and Jessé C. Costa. "Tomografia para migração em tempo." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Geofísica. Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/3simbgf2008.121.

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Lumpe, Markus, Samiran Mahmud, and Olga Goloshchapova. "jCT: A Java Code Tomograph." In 2011 26th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ase.2011.6100139.

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Masthoff, M., A. Helfen, J. Claussen, A. Karlas, N. Markwardt, V. Ntziachristos, W. Heindel, M. Eisenblätter, and M. Wildgruber. "Multispektrale optoakustische Tomografie vaskulärer Malformationen." In 100. Deutscher Röntgenkongress. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1682027.

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Jifi Jan. "Formalized Restoration of Ultrasonic Tomograms." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.590510.

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Zhu, Lidgey, Mcleod, and Breckon. "A Voltage Driven Current Tomograph." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.590100.

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Jan, Jiri. "Formalized restoration of ultrasonic tomograms." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5762213.

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Zhu, Q. S., F. J. Lidgey, C. N. McLeod, and W. R. Breckon. "A voltage driven current tomograph." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5762000.

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Gautam, Tushar, Yicheng Zhou, Shihang Feng, and Gerard T. Schuster. "Tomographic deconvolution of reflection tomograms." In First International Meeting for Applied Geoscience & Energy. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2021-3595023.1.

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Reports on the topic "Tomografo"

1

Derenzo, Stephen E., and Jennifer S. Huber. Compact Positron Tomograph for Prostate Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413572.

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Huber, Jennifer S. Compact Positron Tomograph for Prostate Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434630.

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Huber, Jennifer S. Compact Positron Tomograph for Prostate Imaging. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada422582.

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Huesman, R. H., S. E. Derenzo, W. W. Moses, J. L. Cahoon, A. B. Geyer, B. T. Turko, D. C. Uber, M. Colina, M. H. Ho, and T. F. Budinger. Electronic schematics for the Donner 600 Crystal Tomograph. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160388.

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Huesman, R. H., S. E. Derenzo, W. W. Moses, J. L. Cahoon, A. B. Geyer, B. T. Turko, D. C. Uber, M. Colina, M. H. Ho, and T. F. Budinger. Electronic schematics for the Donner 600 Crystal Tomograph. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6523750.

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Faber, V., G. M. Wing, L. Winter, and J. D. Zahrt. Analysis of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) patent tomograms: Stereology and modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10114236.

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Virador, Patrick R. G. Image reconstruction for a Positron Emission Tomograph optimized for breast cancer imaging. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/772147.

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Brzymialkiewicz, Caryl N., and Martin P. Tornai. Development and Characterization of Novel Volumetric Acquisition Orbits With an Application Specific Emission Tomograph for Improved Breast Cancer Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443932.

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Tornai, Martin P., and Caryl N. Brzymialkiewicz. Development and Characterization of Novel Olumetric Acquisition Orbits With an Application Specific Emission Tomograph for Improved Breast Cancer Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430004.

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Perez, Kristy, and Caryl N. Brzymialkiewicz. Development and Characterization of Novel Volumetric Acquisition Orbits with an Application Specific Emission Tomograph for Improved Breast Cancer Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada474697.

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