Journal articles: 'Tonga Arc'

1

Cooper, L. B., T. Plank, and R. J. Arculus. "High water contents in Tonga arc magmas." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (August 2006): A111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.136.

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2

Conder, James A., and Douglas A. Wiens. "Rapid mantle flow beneath the Tonga volcanic arc." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 264, no. 1-2 (December 2007): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.014.

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3

Cho, Hyen Goo, Dong-Ho Kim, Hyo Jin Koo, In Kwon Um, and Hunsoo Choi. "Hydrothermal Alteration around the Tofua Arc (TA) 25 Seamounts in Tonga Arc." Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea 27, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.9727/jmsk.2014.27.4.169.

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4

Luo, Qing, and Guoliang Zhang. "Control of subduction rate on Tonga-Kermadec arc magmatism." Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 36, no. 3 (May 2018): 687–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00343-018-7026-8.

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5

Bevis, Michael, F. W. Taylor, B. E. Schutz, Jacques Recy, B. L. Isacks, Saimone Helu, Rajendra Singh, et al. "Geodetic observations of very rapid convergence and back-arc extension at the Tonga arc." Nature 374, no. 6519 (March 1995): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/374249a0.

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6

Myeong, Bora, Jonguk Kim, Jung Hoon Kim, and Yun Deuk Jang. "Petrogenesis of subduction-related lavas from the southern Tonga arc." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 188 (February 2020): 104089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.104089.

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7

Yoo, Bong-Chul, Hun-Soo Choi, and Sang-Mo Koh. "Element Dispersion and Wallrock Alteration of TA26 Seamount, Tonga Arc." Economic and Environmental Geology 44, no. 5 (October 28, 2011): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9719/eeg.2011.44.5.359.

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8

Giardini, D., and J. H. Woodhouse. "Horizontal shear flow in the mantle beneath the Tonga arc." Nature 319, no. 6054 (February 1986): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/319551a0.

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9

Wu, Fei, Simon Turner, and Bruce F. Schaefer. "Mélange versus fluid and melt enrichment of subarc mantle: A novel test using barium isotopes in the Tonga-Kermadec arc." Geology 48, no. 11 (June 25, 2020): 1053–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47549.1.

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Abstract In the past few years, the so-called mélange model has been offered as an alternative to the long-standing model of enrichment of the subarc mantle by separate additions of fluid and sediment components from the subducting plate. In the mélange model, components from the subducting plate become physically mixed at the slab-mantle interface. Partial melting of the peridotite subsequently occurs after being hybridized by the mélange material that diapirically rises into hotter portions of the wedge. Here, we present the first Ba isotope study of lavas from the Tonga-Kermadec arc (southwest Pacific Ocean) and show that Ba isotopes distinguish between fluid and melt derived from different subducted components. This provides fresh constraints on the debate. Remarkable along-strike Ba isotope variations were observed and are best explained by contributions from variable proportions of sediment and altered oceanic crust (AOC) fluid from the subducting plate. Combined Ba-Sr-Pb isotope relationships indicate that sediment melt and AOC fluid were added to the source of the arc lavas separately at different times. This is inconsistent with the mélange model, at least in this arc.

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10

Lundgren, Paul R., and Emile A. Okal. "Slab Decoupling in the Tonga Arc: The June 22, 1977, Earthquake." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 93, B11 (November 10, 1988): 13355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb093ib11p13355.

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11

Kawakatsu, Hitoshi. "Downdip tensional earthquakes beneath the Tonga Arc: A double seismic zone?" Journal of Geophysical Research 91, B6 (1986): 6432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb091ib06p06432.

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12

Falloon, Trevor J., and David H. Green. "Glass inclusions in magnesian olivine phenocrysts from Tonga: evidence for highly refractory parental magmas in the Tongan arc." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 81, no. 1 (December 1986): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(86)90103-2.

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13

Ahn, Dong-Ha, Se-Joo Kim, Se-Jong Ju, and Gi-Sik Min. "A new species ofParaglypturus(Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae) from a vent field in the Tonga Arc of the south-western Pacific Ocean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 1 (February 5, 2016): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000084.

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A new species of callianassid ghost shrimp,Paraglypturus tonganussp. nov., is described and illustrated on the basis of five specimens that were collected from sediments in a vent field of the Tonga Arc, south-western Pacific Ocean. This new species is morphologically very similar toP. calderusTürkay & Sakai, 1995, the type species of the genusParaglypturusTürkay & Sakai, 1995. It differs fromP. calderusmainly in the absence (vs. presence inP. calderus) of an anterolateral row of setal pores on the carapace; the endopod of the second maxilliped, with a dactylus bearing stiff and thick serrate setae at the apex (vs. without inP. calderus); a yellow circular structure located on the ventral surface on the uropodal endopod (vs. on the dorsal surface on the uropodal exopod inP. calderus); and the articulation structure of the first pleopod in males (uniarticulate inP. tonganusvs. biarticulate inP. calderus). The new species is the first record of a ghost shrimp from a vent field of the Tonga Arc, and also the second reported species of the genusParaglypturus.

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14

Hekinian, Roger, Richard Mühe, Tim J. Worthington, and Peter Stoffers. "Geology of a submarine volcanic caldera in the Tonga Arc: Dive results." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 176, no. 4 (October 2008): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.007.

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15

Massoth, Gary, Edward Baker, Tim Worthington, John Lupton, Cornel de Ronde, Richard Arculus, Sharon Walker, et al. "Multiple hydrothermal sources along the south Tonga arc and Valu Fa Ridge." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 8, no. 11 (November 2007): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007gc001675.

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16

GEORGE, R., S. TURNER, J. MORRIS, T. PLANK, C. HAWKESWORTH, and J. RYAN. "Pressure–temperature–time paths of sediment recycling beneath the Tonga–Kermadec arc." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 233, no. 1-2 (April 30, 2005): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.020.

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17

Conder, James A., and Douglas A. Wiens. "Seismic structure beneath the Tonga arc and Lau back-arc basin determined from joint Vp, Vp/Vs tomography." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 7, no. 3 (March 2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005gc001113.

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18

Caulfield, John, Simon Turner, Richard Arculus, Chris Dale, Frances Jenner, Julian Pearce, Colin Macpherson, and Heather Handley. "Mantle flow, volatiles, slab-surface temperatures and melting dynamics in the north Tonga arc-Lau back-arc basin." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 117, B11 (November 2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012jb009526.

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19

Worthington, Tim J., Murray R. Gregory, and Vladislav Bondarenko. "The Denham Caldera on Raoul Volcano: dacitic volcanism in the Tonga–Kermadec arc." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 90, no. 1-2 (May 1999): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(99)00018-9.

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20

Bourdon, B. "Melting Dynamics Beneath the Tonga-Kermadec Island Arc Inferred from 231Pa-235U Systematics." Science 286, no. 5449 (December 24, 1999): 2491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5449.2491.

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21

Fischer, Karen M., E. M. Parmentier, Alexander R. Stine, and Elizabeth R. Wolf. "Modeling anisotropy and plate-driven flow in the Tonga subduction zone back arc." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 105, B7 (July 10, 2000): 16181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jb900441.

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22

Stoffers, Peter, Tim J. Worthington, Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera, Mark D. Hannington, Gary J. Massoth, Roger Hekinian, Mark Schmidt, et al. "Submarine volcanoes and high-temperature hydrothermal venting on the Tonga arc, southwest Pacific." Geology 34, no. 6 (2006): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g22227.1.

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23

Ballance, Peter F., David R. Tappin, and Ian P. Wilkinson. "Volcaniclastic gravity flow sedimentation on a frontal arc platform: The Miocene of Tonga." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 47, no. 3 (September 2004): 567–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2004.9515076.

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24

Falloon, Trevor J., Sebastien Meffre, Anthony J. Crawford, Kaj Hoernle, Folkmar Hauff, Sherman H. Bloomer, and Dawn J. Wright. "Cretaceous fore-arc basalts from the Tonga arc: Geochemistry and implications for the tectonic history of the SW Pacific." Tectonophysics 630 (September 2014): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2014.05.007.

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25

Wang, Zaicong, Jung-Woo Park, Xia Wang, Zongqi Zou, Jonguk Kim, Pingyang Zhang, and Ming Li. "Evolution of copper isotopes in arc systems: Insights from lavas and molten sulfur in Niuatahi volcano, Tonga rear arc." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 250 (April 2019): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.01.040.

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26

Sylvester, Paul J., Kodjo Attoh, and Klaus J. Schulz. "Tectonic setting of late Archean bimodal volcanism in the Michipicoten (Wawa) greenstone belt, Ontario." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 1120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-109.

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The tectono-stratigraphic relationships, depositional environments, rock associations, and major- and trace-element compositions of the late Archean (2744–2696 Ma) bimodal basalt–rhyolite volcanic rocks of the Michipicoten (Wawa) greenstone belt, Ontario, are compatible with an origin along a convergent plate margin that varied laterally from an immature island arc built on oceanic crust to a more mature arc underlain by continental crust. This environment is similar to that of the Cenozoic Taupo–Kermadec–Tonga volcanic zone. Michipicoten basaltic rocks, most of which are proximal deposits compositionally similar ([La/Yb]n = 0.63–1.18) to modern oceanic island-arc tholeiites, are interpreted as having formed along the largely submerged island arc. Voluminous Michipicoten rhyolitic pyroclastic rocks ([La/Yb]n = 4.3–18.7, Ybn = 5.7–15.9) probably erupted subaerially from the continental arc, with distal facies deposited subaqueously on the adjacent oceanic island arc and proximal facies deposited in subaerial and shallow subaqueous environments on, or along the flanks of, the continental arc. The compositional similarity between the lower (2744 Ma) and upper (2696 Ma) volcanic sequences of the belt suggests that this island- and continental-arc configuration existed for at least 45 Ma. The Michipicoten belt may be a remnant of a larger, laterally heterogeneous volcanic terrane that also included the Abitibi greenstone belt.

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27

Brandl, Philipp A., Florian Schmid, Nico Augustin, Ingo Grevemeyer, Richard J. Arculus, Colin W. Devey, Sven Petersen, Margaret Stewart, Heidrun Kopp, and Mark D. Hannington. "The 6–8 Aug 2019 eruption of ‘Volcano F’ in the Tofua Arc, Tonga." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 390 (January 2020): 106695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106695.

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28

FORGET, N. L., S. A. MURDOCK, and S. K. JUNIPER. "Bacterial diversity in Fe-rich hydrothermal sediments at two South Tonga Arc submarine volcanoes." Geobiology 8, no. 5 (November 9, 2010): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4669.2010.00247.x.

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29

Kim, Hyung Jeek, Jonguk Kim, Sang Joon Pak, Se-Jong Ju, Chan Min Yoo, Hyun Sub Kim, Kyeong Yong Lee, and Jeomshik Hwang. "Geochemical characteristics of sinking particles in the Tonga arc hydrothermal vent field, southwestern Pacific." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 116 (October 2016): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.07.015.

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30

Lee, Seyong, Se-Joo Kim, Se-Jong Ju, Sang-Joon Pak, Seung-Kyu Son, Jisook Yang, and Seunghee Han. "Mercury accumulation in hydrothermal vent mollusks from the southern Tonga Arc, southwestern Pacific Ocean." Chemosphere 127 (May 2015): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.006.

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31

Hergt, Janet M., and Jon D. Woodhead. "A critical evaluation of recent models for Lau–Tonga arc–backarc basin magmatic evolution." Chemical Geology 245, no. 1-2 (October 2007): 9–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.07.022.

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32

Firth, C., J. Adam, S. Turner, T. Rushmer, R. Brens, T. H. Green, S. Erdmann, and H. O'Neill. "Experimental constraints on the differentiation of low-alkali magmas beneath the Tonga arc: Implications for the origin of arc tholeiites." Lithos 344-345 (November 2019): 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.07.008.

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33

Brens, Raul, Xiao-Ming Liu, Simon Turner, and Tracy Rushmer. "Lithium isotope variations in Tonga-Kermadec arc-Lau back-arc lavas and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 204 sediments." Island Arc 28, no. 1 (October 9, 2018): e12276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iar.12276.

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34

Shane, Phil, Paul Froggatt, Ian Smith, and Murray Gregory. "Multiple Sources for Sea-Rafted Loisels Pumice, New Zealand." Quaternary Research 49, no. 3 (May 1998): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1998.1968.

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Sea-rafted Loisels Pumice is one of the few stratigraphic markers used to correlate late Holocene coastal deposits in New Zealand. Along with underlying sea-rafted products of the local Taupo eruption of ca. 1800 yr B.P., these events have been used to bracket the first arrival of humans at New Zealand. Loisels Pumice is dacitic to rhyolitic (SiO2 63–78 wt%) in composition, but individual clasts are homogeneous (SiO2 range ± 1 wt%). Characteristics include very low K2O (0.5–1.75 wt%) and Rb (<25 ppm) and a mineralogy dominated by calcic and mafic xenocrysts. Similar features are shared by pumices of the Tonga–Kermadec arc, suggesting a common tholeiitic oceanic source. Interclast diversity of Loisels Pumice suggests that it is the product of several eruptive events from different volcanoes. The differences in glass and mineral compositions found at various sites can be explained if the deposits are from different events. A multisource origin can also partially explain the discrepancy in reported 14C ages (ca. 1500–600 yr B.P.) from different localities. Therefore, the value of Loisels Pumice as a stratigraphic marker is questionable, and it does not constrain the arrival of humans. The predominant westward drift of historic Tonga–Kermadec arc pumices and prevailing ocean currents suggest a long anticlockwise semicircular transport route into the Tasman Sea before sea-rafted pumice arrival in New Zealand. The diversity of the pumices indicates that silicic eruptions frequently occur from the predominantly basic oceanic volcanoes.

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35

LEAT, P. T., R. D. LARTER, and I. L. MILLAR. "Silicic magmas of Protector Shoal, South Sandwich arc: indicators of generation of primitive continental crust in an island arc." Geological Magazine 144, no. 1 (October 27, 2006): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756806002925.

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Protector Shoal, the northernmost and most silicic volcano of the South Sandwich arc, erupted dacite–rhyolite pumice in 1962. We report geochemical data for a new suite of samples dredged from the volcano. Geochemically, the dredge and 1962 samples form four distinct magma groups that cannot have been related to each other, and are unlikely to have been related to a single basaltic parent, by fractional crystallization. Instead, the silicic rocks are more likely to have been generated by partial melting of basaltic lower crust within the arc. Trace element and Sr–Nd isotope data indicate that the silicic volcanics have compositions that are more similar to the volcanic arc than the oceanic basement formed at a back-arc spreading centre, and volcanic arc basalts are considered to be the likely source for the silicic magmas. The South Sandwich Islands are one of several intra-oceanic arcs (Tonga–Kermadec, Izu–Bonin) that have: (1) significant amounts of compositionally bimodal mafic–silicic volcanic products and (2) 6.0–6.5 km s−1P-wave velocity layers in their mid-crusts that have been imaged by wide-angle seismic surveys and interpreted as intermediate-silicic plutons. Geochemical and volume considerations indicate that both the silicic volcanics and plutonic layers were generated by partial melting of basaltic arc crust, representing an early stage in the fractionation of oceanic basalt to form continental crust.

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36

Turner, Simon, Chris Hawkesworth, Nick Rogers, Jessica Bartlett, Tim Worthington, Janet Hergt, Julian Pearce, and Ian Smith. "238U230Th disequilibria, magma petrogenesis, and flux rates beneath the depleted Tonga-Kermadec island arc." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61, no. 22 (November 1997): 4855–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00281-0.

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37

Um, In Kwon, Jong-Hwa Chun, Hunsoo Choi, and Man Sik Choi. "Chemical Characteristics for Hydrothermal Alteration of Surface Sediments from Submarine Volcanoes of the Tonga Arc." Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea 26, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.9727/jmsk.2013.26.4.245.

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38

CLIFT, PETER D., and PIETER Z. VROON. "Isotopic Evolution of the Tonga Arc during Lau Basin Rifting; Evidence from the Volcaniclastic Record." Journal of Petrology 37, no. 5 (1996): 1153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/37.5.1153.

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39

Wendt, J. I., M. Regelous, K. D. Collerson, and A. Ewart. "Evidence for a contribution from two mantle plumes to island-arc lavas from northern Tonga." Geology 25, no. 7 (1997): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0611:efacft>2.3.co;2.

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40

Arculus, R. J. "Northern Tonga Arc and Fonualei Rifts: initial results from the NoToVE (SS11/2004) Research Voyage." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2006, no. 1 (December 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2006ab150.

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41

Clift, Peter D. "Volcanism and sedimentation in a rifting island-arc terrain: an example from Tonga, SW Pacific." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 81, no. 1 (1994): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1994.081.01.03.

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42

Ewart, A., K. D. Collerson, M. Regelous, J. I. Wendt, and Y. Niu. "Geochemical Evolution within the Tonga-Kermadec-Lau Arc-Back-arc Systems: the Role of Varying Mantle Wedge Composition in Space and Time." Journal of Petrology 39, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 331–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.3.331.

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43

Caulfield, J. T., J. Blichert-Toft, F. Albarede, and S. P. Turner. "Corrigendum to 'Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Petrogenesis of Basaltic Andesites at Tofua Volcano' and 'Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Rapid Petrogenesis of Dacites at Fonualei Volcano'." Journal of Petrology 56, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egv009.

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44

Short, Jessie, and Anna Metaxas. "Gregarious settlement of tubeworms at deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the Tonga–Kermadec arc, South Pacific." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91, no. 1 (July 6, 2010): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410000676.

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Despite the importance of early life-history processes in regulating population assemblages of benthic invertebrates at hydrothermal vents, they remain poorly understood, mainly because of the inaccessibility of these habitats. Vestimentiferan tubeworms provide an excellent system to study settlement in these habitats; they inhabit tubes that remain intact for some period even after the occupants die, and thus provide a proxy for rates of settlement and post-settlement mortality. In 2007, we collected rocks supporting populations of Lamellibrachia sp. using a TV-grab, from Mussel Ridge hydrothermal vent field on Monowai Volcanic Complex, at the Tonga–Kermadec arc. Twenty-two discrete patches of similarly sized individuals and of discrete length–frequency distributions were identified and quantified. Mean length of individual tubeworms ranged from <0.5 to 6.38 cm, and abundance per patch ranged from 6.8 to 108 ind cm−2. Post-settlement mortality was ~5%. These results suggest that gregarious settlement of pulses of larvae is likely occurring by Lamellibrachia sp., a process that has not yet been described in deep-sea hydrothermal vent tubeworms. The abundance of adult tubeworms on Monowai was low, and allochthonous larval supply from neighbouring seamounts unlikely. Consequently, gregarious settlement can increase the probability of maintenance and expansion of the existing populations.

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45

Cho, Hyen Goo, Young-Ho Kim, In Kwon Um, and Hunsoo Choi. "Hydrothermal Alteration Around the TA 26 Seamounts of the Tofua Volcanic Arc in Lau Basin, Tonga." Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2012): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9727/jmsk.2012.25.4.233.

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46

Turner, Simon, John Caulfield, Tracy Rushmer, Michael Turner, Shane Cronin, Ian Smith, and Heather Handley. "Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Rapid Petrogenesis of Dacites at Fonualei Volcano." Journal of Petrology 53, no. 6 (February 22, 2012): 1231–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egs005.

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47

Caulfield, J. T., S. P. Turner, I. E. M. Smith, L. B. Cooper, and G. A. Jenner. "Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Petrogenesis of Basaltic Andesites at Tofua Volcano." Journal of Petrology 53, no. 6 (March 12, 2012): 1197–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egs013.

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48

Kim, Se-Joo, Jai-Woon Moon, and Se-Jong Ju. "Complete mitochondrial genome of the blind vent crab Gandalfus puia (Crustacea: Bythograeidae) from the Tonga Arc." Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, no. 4 (June 9, 2015): 2719–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1046162.

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49

Collot, J., M. Patriat, R. Sutherland, S. Williams, D. Cluzel, M. Seton, B. Pelletier, et al. "Chapter 2 Geodynamics of the SW Pacific: a brief review and relations with New Caledonian geology." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 51, no. 1 (2020): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m51-2018-5.

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AbstractThe SW Pacific region consists of a succession of ridges and basins that were created by the fragmentation of Gondwana and the evolution of subduction zones since Mesozoic times. This complex geodynamic evolution shaped the geology of New Caledonia, which lies in the northern part of the Zealandia continent. Alternative tectonic models have been postulated. Most models agree that New Caledonia was situated on an active plate margin of eastern Gondwana during the Mesozoic. Extension affected the region from the Late Cretaceous to the Paleocene and models for this period vary in the location and nature of the plate boundary between the Pacific and Australian plates. Eocene regional tectonic contraction included the obduction of a mantle-derived Peridotite Nappe in New Caledonia. In one class of model, this contractional phase was controlled by an east-dipping subduction zone into which the Norfolk Ridge jammed, whereas and in a second class of model this phase corresponds to the initiation of the west-dipping Tonga–Kermadec subduction zone. Neogene tectonics of the region near New Caledonia was dominated by the eastwards retreat of Tonga–Kermadec subduction, leading to the opening of a back-arc basin east of New Caledonia, and the initiation and southwestwards advance of the New Hebrides–Vanuatu subduction zone towards New Caledonia.

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50

Falloon, T. J., D. H. Green, and A. J. Crawford. "Dredged igneous rocks from the northern termination of the Tofua magmatic arc, Tonga and adjacent Lau Basin." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 34, no. 4 (December 1987): 487–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120098708729428.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tonga Arc'

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