Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tonga – History

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Tonga – History'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tonga – History"

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Vikilani, Sione Fatanitavake. "Media freedom and state control in Tonga." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 16, no. 2 (October 1, 2010): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v16i2.1035.

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The Tongan Constitution guarantees free speech and media freedom but this guarantee has often been misunderstood and misinterpreted by the media industry, the government and politicians alike. Freedom of speech was integrated into the Constitution from the beginning in 1875. However, as history has shown, this freedom has often been altered to silence opposition and critics’ voices. As early as 1882, the Tongan media had their first confrontation with the government and in 2003 saw a parallel incident unfolding. This article examines the influence of state control on the media in Tonga through an analysis of two case studies from different eras in Tongan history: the Niuvakai newspaper in 1882 and the Taimi ‘o Tonga newspaper in 2003.
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Kaeppler, Adrienne L. "Early photographers encounter Tongans." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00038_1.

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Four early photographers are examined here in relation to their encounters with Tongans and Tonga. These photographers are Andrew Garrett, Gustav Adolph Riemer, Clarence Gordon Campbell and Walter Stanhope Sherwill. Garrett, an American natural historian who specialized in shells and fish, took two ambrotypes of Tongans in Fiji in 1868, which are two of the earliest Tongan photographs known. Riemer, born in Saarlouis, Germany, was a marine photographer on S.M.S. Hertha on an official diplomatic visit and took at least 28 photographs in Tonga in 1876. Campbell, a tourist from New York, took 25 culturally important photographs in 1902. Sherwill, a British subject born in India, moved to Tonga about the time of the First World War. He probably took many photographs with more modern equipment, but only two have been identified with certainty. This article presents information about the photographers and those depicted, where the original photographs can be found and the research that made it possible to glean cultural information from them. These early photographers are placed in the context of other more well-known early photographers whose works can be found in archives and libraries in New Zealand, Australia, Hawai‘i and Germany. In addition, summary information about two Tongan-born photographers is presented, as well as where their photographs/negatives can be found.
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L. Burns, Emma, Brian H. Costello, and Bronwyn A. Houlden. "Three evolutionarily significant units for conservation in the iguanid genus Brachylophus." Pacific Conservation Biology 12, no. 1 (2006): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc060064.

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We examined phylogenetic relationships within the genus Brachylophus, which comprises two endangered iguana species endemic to the South Pacific islands of Fiji and Tonga. Genetic variation among Fijian Crested Iguanas B. vitiensis and Fijian and Tongan Banded Iguanas B. fasciatus was analysed using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b (cyt b) characterized from 35 individuals from island populations. Three distinct clades of Brachylophus were identified. The most divergent clade comprised B. fasciatus from Tonga, which supports the recognition of Tongan iguanas as a separate species. Molecular clock estimates suggested that the average sequence divergence (6.4%) between Tongan and Fijian B. fasciatus clades equated to 7 - 15.8 MY of separation, confirming that extant Brachylophus species have a long history of evolution in situ in the Fijian and Tongan archipelago. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed that Fijian B. fasciatus and B. vitiensis iguana populations were not reciprocally monophyletic. One clade comprised two mtDNA haplotypes from the Fijian islands of Monu, Monuriki, Devuilau, Waya and Yadua Taba. The other clade comprised B. fasciatus haplotypes from Kadavu and Gau, which was divergent from both the aforementioned Fijian clade (dA = 3.5%), and the Tongan clade (dA = 6.4%). In addition to mtDNA data, variation was assessed at microsatellite loci, and significant differentiation between iguana populations was detected. Based on both mtDNA and microsatellite analysis, the conservation priorities for these endangered lizards must be reassessed to protect iguanas as three distinct evolutionarily significant units.
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Van der Grijp, Paul. "Early economic encounters in the Pacific or, proto-globalization in Tonga." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 166, no. 2-3 (2010): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003620.

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This article aims to demonstrate the degree and nature of local autonomy in long term processes of globalization in Tonga. Tonga is exceptional in that it has never been officially colonized and in the continuity of its political (paramount chiefly) system. Also, but this is less exceptional, it has never had a pure modernistic, capitalist economy. Globalization is a specific, contemporary configuration in the relationship between capital and the nation-state or, in the words of William Greider (1997), it is like ‘a runaway horse without a rider’. Global capital is characterized by strategies of predatory mobility. However, the global and the national are not necessarily exclusive but are interacting and overlapping. Social scientists work with the nation-state as a container which would represent a unit in time and space, a ‘unified spatiotemporality’ according to the sociologist Saskia Sassen (2000). She adds that much history failed to confirm the latter hypothesis. The author may add from his part that anthropologists, although alike ‘social scientists’, rather work with the notions of culture and society which, in the case of more recent Tongan history, overlap with that of the nation-state. Although the notion of globalization is a rather recent invention with an exclusive contemporary application, we may discern the roots of its practice already in the early trading contacts between Europeans and Tongans.
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Fonua, Sonia M. "The Manulua Framework: how combining multiple research methodologies and theoretical or conceptual frameworks strengthens research with Tongan participants." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 17, no. 2 (June 2021): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11771801211017557.

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When researching with Moana (ocean) or Pacific peoples, a key research consideration is which methodological approach will best acknowledge, engage, and value what is shared. The Manulua (two birds) Framework explores the experiences of successful Tongan science learners in Aotearoa New Zealand and the Kingdom of Tonga. The Manulua Framework draws on four very different theoretical or conceptual frameworks and methods, complementing (1) Tongan and Moana or Pacific approaches to research with aspects of (2) critical realism, (3) relationality through vā (space), and the (4) multiscience framework. Epeli Hau’ofa’s seminal essay Sea of Islands, and the articles of support and critique found in A New Oceania helped situate Oceania as the context, connector, and source of my participants’ stories. This article describes how this combination acknowledged Moana or Pacific values, protocols, knowledge, and beliefs during data collection, analysis, and reflection, offering a way for researchers to consider how to draw upon multiple theoretical or conceptual frameworks and methods in their work.
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Siikala, Jukka. "Hierarchy and power in the Pacific." Anthropological Theory 14, no. 2 (June 2014): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499614534116.

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Looking at recent turmoil in political processes in the Pacific, the article discusses the relationship of socio-cosmic holism and hierarchy in Tonga, Samoa and Fiji to western ideologies of democracy and individualism. Incorporation of traditional chieftainship into colonial and postcolonial state structures has had different outcomes in each case. The structural arrangements, which according to Dumont are seen as intermediary forms, are looked at using material from the recent history of the societies. Thus the riots in Nukuʻalofa orchestrated by the Tongan democracy movement, the military coup in Fiji and the multiplication of chiefly titles in Samoa are seen as results of the interplay of local and western ideologies culminating in notions of holism and individualism.
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Keogh, J. Scott, Danielle L. Edwards, Robert N. Fisher, and Peter S. Harlow. "Molecular and morphological analysis of the critically endangered Fijian iguanas reveals cryptic diversity and a complex biogeographic history." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1508 (September 5, 2008): 3413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0120.

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The Pacific iguanas of the Fijian and Tongan archipelagos are a biogeographic enigma in that their closest relatives are found only in the New World. They currently comprise two genera and four species of extinct and extant taxa. The two extant species, Brachylophus fasciatus from Fiji, Tonga, and Vanuatu and Brachylophus vitiensis from western Fiji, are of considerable conservation concern with B. vitiensis listed as critically endangered. A recent molecular study has shown that Brachylophus comprised three evolutionarily significant units. To test these conclusions and to reevaluate the phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships within Brachylophus , we generated an mtDNA dataset consisting of 1462 base pairs for 61 individuals from 13 islands, representing both Brachylophus species. Unweighted parsimony analyses and Bayesian analyses produced a well-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis supported by high bootstrap values and posterior probabilities within Brachylophus . Our data reject the monophyly of specimens previously believed to comprise B. fasciatus . Instead, our data demonstrate that living Brachylophus comprise three robust and well-supported clades that do not correspond to current taxonomy. One of these clades comprises B. fasciatus from the Lau group of Fiji and Tonga (type locality for B. fasciatus ), while a second comprises putative B. fasciatus from the central regions of Fiji, which we refer to here as B . n. sp. Animals in this clade form the sister group to B. vitiensis rather than other B. fasciatus . We herein describe this clade as a new species of Brachylophus based on molecular and morphological data. With only one exception, every island is home to one or more unique haplotypes. We discuss alternative biogeographic hypotheses to explain their distribution in the Pacific and the difficulties of distinguishing these. Together, our molecular and taxonomic results have important implications for future conservation initiatives for the Pacific iguanas.
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Ellem, Elizabeth Wood. "Chief justices of Tonga 1905–40." Journal of Pacific History 24, no. 1 (April 1989): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223348908572599.

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Gunson, Niel. "The Tonga‐Samoa connection 1777–1845." Journal of Pacific History 25, no. 2 (December 1990): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349008572634.

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Lātūkefu, Sione. "The pro‐democracy movement in Tonga." Journal of Pacific History 28, no. 3 (December 1993): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349308572750.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tonga – History"

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Brown, Pulu Teena Joanne. "Kakai Tonga 'i 'Okalani, Nu'u Sila = Tongan generations in Auckland, New Zealand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2584.

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This thesis is written in the format of a three act play. The author has elected this structure to frame the ethnographic data and analysis because it seemed befitting for telling my own life story alongside the memories of three generations of my matrilateral and patrilateral Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand. Thus, actors and scenes play out the thesis storyline in three parts where each act is titled Prologue, Dialogue and Epilogue. The Prologue, part one of this three act play, is three chapters which sets in motion the main actors - the research participants, and the scenes - the ethnographic context in which data was collected. It represents an ethnographic mosaic of memory and meaning as co-constructed by actors in recounting how they make sense of their place, their time, in a transnational history, that is, a family of stories among three Tongan generations residing largely in Auckland New Zealand. The Dialogue, part two of this three act play, is four chapters which maps out the theoretical and ethnographic territory that actors and scenes border-cross to visit. By this, I mean that research participants are political actors subject to social factors which shape how their memories and ensuing meanings are selectively reproduced in certain contexts of retelling the past and its relevance to understanding the present. The Epilogue, part three of this three act play, is the curtain call for the closing chapter. It presents an ending in which a new 'identity' entry made by the youngest Tongan generation creates possibilities for social change not yet experienced by prior generations residing in Auckland New Zealand. This thesis is woven into an overarching argument. Here, three generations of my matrilateral and patrilateral Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand intersect through two modes of memory and meaning. First, family reconstruct collective memories of 'identity' and 'culture' to make sense of how their ancestral origin, their historical past, is meaningful in their transnational lives and lifestyles. Second, inter-generational change among Tongan family residing in Auckland New Zealand is a social-political product of the transnational condition experienced by ethnic-cultural groups categorised as 'minorities' in the developed world.
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Naulu, Sosaia Hakaumotu. "Incidental Effects of Church Activity on Development, Landscapes and Culture: An Example from Tonga." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1990. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,2353.

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Toutain, Caroline. "La contribution mariste à l'histoire de Tonga, 1840-1900." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070075.

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L'etude des archives maristes fait apparaitre l'emergence d'une minorite a laquelle le catholicisme fournit les elements de sa reconnaissance religieuse, culturelle, sociale et politique. C'est l'histoire de cette minorite et de son evolution dans un contexte impregne par le protestantisme qu'evoquent les ecrits maristes. La perspective historique qui decoule de l'implantation de la mission mariste constitue la trame chronologique de ce travail. La dimension historiographique se superpose a la dimension chronologique et permet de definir comment les maristes ont percu les evenements suscites par leur presence et ceux dont ils etaient les simples temoins. Du point de vue chronologique, et hormis la premiere partie qui s'attache a presenter l'etat de la societe tongienne avant l'arrivee des maristes, cette etude concerne la periode comprise entre l'implantation de la mission catholique, mille huit cent quarante deux, et l'instauration du protectorat britannique sur tonga, mille neuf cent, qui condamna la mission a un retranchement de rigueur
The study of the marists's archives reveals the progressive emergence of a minority to whom catholicism gave its elements of religious, culturel, political and social identity. It is the history of this minority and its evolution into a protestant context that is cuoked through the marist writings. The historical out look which results from the settling of the marist mission and from the growth of the catholic community draws up the chronological frame of this works. The historiographical view added to the chronological study permit us to discover how the marists fathers perceived the events in which they took part and the ones that they witnessed. From the chronological aspect and of apart from the first chapter which draws a view of the tongan society before the arrival of the marists fathers, this study runs from eighteen. Forty-two when they settled in tonga to nineteen- hundred when the british protectorate was set up, which obliged the catholic mission to with draw from the main scene of events
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Ben, Hassen Habib. "Thignica (Ai͏̈n-Tounga) : son histoire et ses monuments." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040013.

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Thignica, l'actuelle Ai͏̈n-Tounga est un site archéologique du nord-est dde la Tunisie. Il se trouvait dans l'Antiquité, sur la voie qui reliait Carthage à Theveste. C'était une ancienne agglomération imprégnée de culture punique. Cette étude essaie de retracer son histoire municipale; la ville passe de cité indigène (civitas) au statut de municipe à l'époque de Septime Sévère. Une découverte récente atteste qu'elle était dirigée à l'époque punique par des suffetes. L'étude essaie d'expliquer et d'interpréter l'expression qui mentionne les "deux parties de la ville" : "utraque pars civitatis thignicensis". Ensuite la thèse aborde l'étude des différents monuments de la ville, et ce à la lumière des nouvelles découvertes épigraphiques : mises au jour à l'occasion de fouilles pratiquées récemment. Une description détaillée (concernant ces monuments) accompagnée d'une analyse architecturale et de plans inédits, sont livrés ici au monde scientifique avec des essais de datation et d'interprétation
Thignica, actually Ain-Tounga, is an archeological site located in the north-west of Tunisia. In the Antiquity, we could find it on the way that connected Carthage to Theveste. It used to be an old Numid agglomeration marqued deeply with punic culture. This study tries to tell us about its local history. The city moves from native city (civitas) to the statute of "municipum" on the period of Septime Severe. A recent dicovery proves that it was led during the punic era by suffetes. The study tries to explain and interpret the expression that mentioned "the two sides of the town" : 'utraque pars civitatis thignicensis". The the thesis attempts to study the different monuments ofthe town through recent epigraphical discoveries, realised during excavations practiced on the site. A detailed description concerning these monuments is accompagned with architectural analysis and the unknown plans, all this isaddesses to the scientific community, with essays of datation and interpretation
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Horrocks, Brenda M. "More Than Hatchetmen: Chinese Exclusion and Tong Wars in Portland, Oregon." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7671.

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During the middle of the nineteenth century, vast numbers of Chinese immigrants arrived on the west coast of the United States. Here, they sought a better life for themselves and their families back home. The new arrivals often became targets of violence and discrimination as anti-Chinese sentiment grew in the country. Chinese immigrants protected and provided for themselves by creating a variety of organizations in their communities. One such organization became known as the tong. Many groups organized themselves around family names, regional background, or employment, but tongs accepted anyone who wanted to join. The promise of physical protection, economic gain, and acceptance in a community incentivized many Chinese men to join tongs. Tongs provided a space in which Chinese men could reclaim masculinity and practice traditional gender roles. Faced with discrimination, physical abuse, marginalization, and governmental neglect, tongs filled the power vacuum in Chinese communities. Tongs became powerful leaders within Chinatowns across the West. Beginning in the 1880s, tongs clashed with one another in events known as tong wars. By 1930, the era of tong wars came to an end. Once the powerhouse of the Chinese community, tong influence declined as Chinese residents successfully gained recognition, and fought back against racism and legislative discrimination. During the twentieth century, tongs transitioned from groups focused on economic gain (often through vice) and physical protection of its members to a fraternal order within Chinatown. Examination of tongs, tong wars, and the reasons for their decline creates greater understanding of Chinese communities and a broader understanding of how immigrant communities respond to discrimination within communities, and denied governmental protection and assistance.
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Maka, Lia L. "Trodden paths and untrodden lanes : Tongan students' readings across texts." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11086/.

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Using poststructuralist notions of `texts', `textuality ', `discourse', `subjectivity' and `knowledge, this study explores the kinds of meaning links and the location of these links as made by a group of 14-16 year olds Tongan students when they read a range of literary and informative texts (poems, short stories, advertisements, cartoon). To construct `reading vignettes' of the students as to the discursive constructedness of their meaning links, I adopted a variety of methods: gaining information from school documents, students/teachers open-response questionnaires, and on-line and ad hoc reading tasks. The data from these sources suggests the need to explore alternative ways of looking at reading practices and the nature of response in Tongan classrooms. I did this using a poststructuralist, pedagogical framework of scaffolding and problematising. This entailed soliciting the cooperation of a co-teacher to demonstrate various ways of poststructuralist scaffolding during reading. A select group of students were chosen to be engaged in these scaffolding sessions. The study found that meaning links are not only fluid, but paradoxical in nature and that such links are triggered by textual ideas that are of relevance and interest to the reader. Moreover, such links are located variously, either inscribed in texts or constituted from discoursal discursive practices framing response. Personal links are particular to how each has been historically constituted as a reader and vary according to texts, gender, biographical backgrounds, and even in rereadings of the same texts. Most are rooted in alignments to do with minority issues (gender, race), interests, and beliefs. However, at a broader, discoursal level, these meaning links share a commonality in the location of their sources, that of clearly defined Tongan notions of family solidarity, religion and hierarchical social roles. Both the readers' personal and socio-cultural meanings therefore constitute and are constitutive of their interpretation and both impact upon each other. Texts are constructed with a set of assumed prior knowledge for readers. The study found that if a text's set of knowledge is not in the readers' knowledge repertoire, the reader takes recourse to other meanings to fill in sutures in the texts other than the dominant reading. Despite being scaffolded on ways to problematise textual constructions and ideology, some unwittingly fell prey to textual ideology because of a limited repertoire of other knowledge links to interpret texts alternatively or an inability to perceive textual construction. Some however, knowingly chose to align with textual ideology when it concurs with theirs, whilst those who read against a text's preferred reading, gave a range of readings rooted in alignments constituted by personal, socio-cultural and political ideologies. Such findings imply that if the text's assumed knowledge is not shared by the reader, a poststructuralist reading approach enables the reader to utilise various strategies and knowledge links either to appropriate such knowledge, transform, or resist it. This is potentially useful in Tongan classrooms and particularly with those raised in a culture of hierarchy and textually deferential readings. The findings in general suggests that a poststructuralist reading approach allows students to identify and bring to the fore, often subjugated knowledges; explore and negotiate a range of meaning possibilities; and exercise meaning choices whilst critically cognisant of the range of knowledges at stake. In the process of this negotiation, they refine and develop wide-ranging ideas. The findings have important implications for a poststructuralist, bilingual framework to reading pedagogy and assessment in Tonga either for studies in English, the vernacular, or any other subject area, particularly in terms of giving voices to, and carving out spaces for those whose meanings tend to be marginalised in language classrooms.
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Lee, Vivian P. Y. "The representation of history in contemporary Chinese fiction : Han Shaogong, Mo Yan, Su Tong." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ61135.pdf.

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Tam, Si-wai Kenneth. "Conservation planss for Kom Tong Hall." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31464075.

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Upphoff, Emmy. "Togan och kvinnligt förfall : En studie om togan som sexuell symbol under senrepublikens och kejsartidens Rom." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-392290.

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During the second century BCE the Roman norms regarding female clothing changed. From being a garment worn by both men and women, the toga hereafter came to be a symbol for female indecency. The following study aims to understand why the toga came to symbolize this and does that by analyzing and discussing both ancient and modern sources. The study have been thematically divided, with chapters discussing different parts of the Roman society which all give some insight as to why the toga came to represent female indecency. A chapter discussing the ancient Roman female and male norms regarding clothes and status is followed up by a chapter analyzing how the ancient sources depicts situations in which women wear the toga. Lastly, chapters discussing the Roman view on women in prostitution and adulteresses, other situations in which women wore the toga and whether or not the female toga was an actual garment or a epithet will be included as well.  The discussion and analysis have all come to the following conclusion: the toga was used as a way for the Roman society to make the adulteress or the woman in prostitution less feminine. By associating a certain (female) behavior with a masculine garment, in a society obsessed with femininity and masculinity, the faulty behavior could be punished. Adulteresses and women in prostitution did not abide by what the ideal sexual behavior was for women, and therefore those women would not be considered feminine. Further studies are required to be able to distinguish whether this was limited to the Roman capital or if the toga as a symbol for female indecency could be found elsewhere in the empire.
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Dolansky, Fanny Lyn. "Coming of age in Rome, the history and social significance of assuming the toga virilis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37398.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Tonga – History"

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(Seoul, Korea) Tonga Pangsong. Tonga Pangsongsa. Sŏul: Tonga Ilbosa, 1990.

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St, Cartmail Keith. The art of Tonga =: Ko e ngaahi'aati'o Tonga. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 1997.

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Tonga kyosŏpsa ŭi yŏnʾgu. 4th ed. Sŏul: Sŏul Taehakkyo Chʻulpʻanbu, 1988.

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Cartmail, Keith St. The art of Tonga =: Ko e ngaahi 'aati 'o Tonga. North Ryde, N.S.W: Craftsman House, 1997.

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Tonga: Tale of two kingdoms. Nuku'alofa, Tonga: Taimi Publishers, 2011.

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Campbell, I. C. Island kingdom: Tonga ancient & modern. Christchurch, N.Z: Canterbury University Press, 1992.

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Düring, Kurt. Pathways to the Tongan present =: ʻUuni Hala ki Tonga he Kuonga ni. Nukuʻalofa, Kingdom of Tonga: K.Düring, 1990.

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Association, Tonga Research, ed. Tonga: Land, sea, and people. Tonga: Tonga Research Association, 2011.

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Davidson, Allan K. Tongan Anglicans, 1902-2002: From the Church of England Mission in Tonga to the Tongan Anglican Church. Auckland, N.Z: Published on behalf of the Diocese of Polynesia by the College of the Diocese of Polynesia, 2002.

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Nara irŭn sidae Tonga ilbo. Sŏul: Munŭmsa, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tonga – History"

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Wang, Fuson. "Why Tonga Must Die." In A Brief Literary History of Disability, 117–28. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003244400-13.

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Young-Leslie, Heather E., and Sean E. Moore. "Constructions of Happiness and Satisfaction in the Kingdom of Tonga." In Science Across Cultures: the History of Non-Western Science, 181–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2700-7_13.

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Alarcón, E., J. I. Del Cueto, and J. Antuña. "Juan Antonio Tonda, hyperbolic paraboloid builder." In History of Construction Cultures, 361–67. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003173359-47.

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Aitchison, Therese Mary. "11. Syntactic properties of the definitive accent in Tongan." In Language Description, History and Development, 147–58. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cll.30.17ait.

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Takekoshi, Yosaburo. "The Rise of the Tonya (Middleman)." In The Economic Aspects of the History of the Civilization of Japan, 489–504. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315017075-21.

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Zhang, Jinfan. "The Legal System of “Zu Shu Bian Tong” in the Yuan Dynasty." In The History of Chinese Legal Civilization, 833–908. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1029-3_9.

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Takekoshi, Yosaburo. "Appearance of the Tonya Association and the Fellow-Traders' Guild." In The Economic Aspects of the History of the Civilization of Japan, 505–47. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315017075-22.

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Guest, Harriet. "Cook in Tonga." In Islands in History and Representation, 95–115. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003060260-7.

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Valeri, Valerio. "Diarchy and history in Hawaiʻi and Tonga." In Culture and History in the Pacific, 45–79. Helsinki University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-12-6.

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This paper treats a well documented case of tension between diarchic and monarchic tendencies — that of ancient Hawaiʻi. The instability of diarchy in Hawaiʻi is contrasted with its stability, until the late eighteenth century, in another Polynesian society, Tonga. These different solutions correlate with the different place that a properly historical representation of kingship — that is one that recognizes discontinuities in time, that does not abolish time by making the present identical to the past — have in the two societies.
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Biersack, Aletta. "Under the Toa tree: The genealogy of the Tongan Chiefs." In Culture and History in the Pacific, 80–106. Helsinki University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-12-7.

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This paper examines the dualistic foundations of Tongan kingship by way of exploring the historicity of the Tongan polity. While paramounts allegedly descend "from the sky" and the god or gods living there, they are also kinsmen of the villagers living under them and are appraised as such. Whether by way of reproducing or transforming a political field, the mediation of duality requires human work, a practice and performance of kingship. The word genealogy in the title bears the burden of the entire argument. Referring directly to history, it enters into tension with the patrilineal and structural models of the past. The history to which it refers, in turn, is set in motion by the dual foundations of kingship: idioms and ideologies of divinity but existing in tension with the "leveling forces" of contractual modes of legitimation. My aim is to develop a framework adequate to the task of interpreting the revolution of the 19th century, when Tāufa'āhau, a secondary chief, executed sweeping reforms at once chiefly and populist: he suppressed the Tu'i Tonga title of his superior; created a superordinate one, the royal title of the constitutional monarchy he in part designed; and converted to Christianity. The third monarch of the Tupou dynasty Tāufa'āhau founded, Queen Sālote Tupou III, figures prominently in these pages as an ideologue. In her often veiled and diplomatic disparagement of the leaders of the past, Queen Sālote provides a window upon the genealogical politics this paper addresses.
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Conference papers on the topic "Tonga – History"

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Thibodeaux, Robert L., Logan E. Smith, and Azfar Mahmood. "Optimizing Tubular Running Services Through Digital Solutions – Doing More with Less!" In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31495-ms.

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Abstract Digital transformation is a term that continues to be popular with the oil and gas industry. The industry's historic opposition to the adoption of innovative technology seems to be fading as operators, contractors, and service providers alike continue to invest in innovative solutions around not only digital technologies, but also in process and system optimization techniques. However, while operators are more willing to adopt newer and automated technologies, the "proof of value" burden still falls on service companies. Perceived value to operators may vary slightly, but overall, the industry has focused on two core tenants of value: Increased safety and efficiencyPersonnel reduction For widespread adoption of an enhanced digital solution, the technology must not only provide quantifiable value in at least one of the core tenants, but also must repeatably demonstrate the value in the field. The case study presented demonstrates the value added by introducing a new proprietary Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) based solution into the tubular running process. This system allows for tong operation, elevator and slip function, and single joint elevator (SJE) operation to be performed by a single person, rather than three or four personnel crew, as traditionally employed during tubular running operations. All functions are intelligently executed from a triple certified hazardous zone rated wireless tablet by a single operator's command while located inside the driller's cabin. Through the deployment of a new consolidated and intelligent control system, the rig was able to reduce the number of personnel typically required for casing run and rack back operations down to two operators per tower, which equates to as much as a 66% reduction in personnel needed for tubular running operations. Additionally, the system allowed the operator to control the equipment from inside the driller's cabin, which improved communications and reduced red zone exposure by 30% while increasing run time efficiency by as much as 11% on some connection strings.
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