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1

Dr., Kunal Rathore and Dr. Aishwarya. "Oral manifestations of tuberculosis: tongue TB." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Health Care 15, no. 3 (2025): 7–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15525092.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the lungs, can rarely involve the oral cavity, particularly the tongue. Oral manifestations account for only 0.1–5% of all TB cases and are often overlooked due to their atypical presentation. Objective: To study and highlight the rare oral manifestations of tuberculosis with a focus on tongue involvement. Case Summary: An 11-year-old female presented with a tongue swelling for 2 weeks, low-grade fever, chronic cough, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Oral examination revealed a single ulcerative lesion on the
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Wang, Yilin, Junwei Cui, Yuanyuan Li, et al. "Rapid quantitative PCR on tongue swabs for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults: a prospective multicentre study." European Respiratory Journal 65, no. 1 (2025): 2401493. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01493-2024.

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BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of infectious disease mortality globally, with significant underdiagnosis perpetuating transmission. Tongue swab analysis has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for pulmonary TB diagnosis. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the TB-EASY quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay using tongue swab specimens.MethodsIn this prospective multicentre study, conducted across seven designated TB hospitals in China, 729 participants were included in the analysis. Tongue swabs were tested using the new TB-EASY assay from Hugobiotech, while sputum
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Li, Jun, Longtao Cui, Liping Tu, et al. "Research of the Distribution of Tongue Features of Diabetic Population Based on Unsupervised Learning Technology." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (July 5, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7684714.

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Background. The prevalence of diabetes increases year by year, posing a severe threat to human health. Current treatments are difficult to prevent the progression of diabetes and its complications. It is imperative to carry out individualized treatment of diabetes, but current diagnostic methods are difficult to specify an individualized treatment plan. Objective. Clarify the distribution law of tongue features of the diabetic population, and provide the diagnostic basis for individualized treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of diabetes. Methods. We use the TFDA-1
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Shi, Yu-lin, Jia-yi Liu, Xiao-juan Hu, et al. "A New Method for Syndrome Classification of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Based on Data of Tongue and Pulse with Machine Learning." BioMed Research International 2021 (August 11, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1337558.

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Objective. To explore the data characteristics of tongue and pulse of non-small-cell lung cancer with Qi deficiency syndrome and Yin deficiency syndrome, establish syndrome classification model based on data of tongue and pulse by using machine learning methods, and evaluate the feasibility of syndrome classification based on data of tongue and pulse. Methods. We collected tongue and pulse of non-small-cell lung cancer patients with Qi deficiency syndrome ( n = 163 ), patients with Yin deficiency syndrome ( n = 174 ), and healthy controls ( n = 185 ) using intelligent tongue diagnosis analysis
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Kim, Su-Ryun, Woojin Choi, Inkwon Yeo, and Dong-Hyun Nam. "Comparative Analysis of Tongue Indices between Patients with and without a Self-Reported Yin Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1279052.

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We investigated the hypothesis that Yin-deficient patients have a reddened tongue with less coating. We screened 189 participants aged 20 to 49 years, complaining of headache. To classify patients in terms of Yin deficiency, we used two self-reporting Yin-deficiency questionnaires (Yin-Deficiency Questionnaire and Yin-Deficiency Scale) and diagnosis by a doctor. Based on the tests, a total of 33 subjects were assigned to a Yin-deficient group and 33 subjects were assigned to a nondeficient control group. Tongue images were acquired using a computerized tongue diagnostic system, for evaluating
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6

Codsi, Renée, Nicole A. Errett, Angelique K. Luabeya, et al. "Preferences of healthcare workers using tongue swabs for tuberculosis diagnosis during COVID-19." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 9 (2023): e0001430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001430.

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Healthcare workers (HCWs) who come into contact with tuberculosis (TB) patients are at elevated risk of TB infection and disease. The collection and handling of sputum samples for TB diagnosis poses exposure risks to HCWs, particularly in settings where aerosol containment is limited. An alternative sample collection method, tongue swabbing, was designed to help mitigate this risk, and is under evaluation in multiple settings. This study assessed risk perceptions among South African HCWs who used tongue swabbing in TB diagnostic research during the COVID-19 pandemic. We characterized their con
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7

Ying, Jia, and Xiuqi Huang. "AUSSIE ARTICULATION UNRAVELED: DISENTANGLING SYLLABLE AND VOWEL CONTRIBUTIONS TO MID-SAGITTAL TEMPORAL COORDINATION OF LATERAL APPROXIMANT." Journal of Language and Communication 10, no. 2 (2023): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/jlc.10.02.09.

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The objective of this research was to analyse the articulatory movements linked with the mid-sagittal plane in Australian English /l/. For this purpose, the investigation employed the experimental paradigm introduced by Sproat and Fujimura (1993) as a methodological framework for analysis. The study involved monitoring the production of syllable-initial and -final /l/s in four distinct vowel environments (/æ/, /ɛ/, /ɪ/ and /u/) by six speakers, using three-dimensional electromagnetic articulography (3D EMA). The timing lag difference between the tongue tip (TT) and the tongue middle (TM) was m
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8

Wang, Weiying, Weiwei Zeng, Shunli He, et al. "A new model for predicting the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome: Based on data of tongue and pulse." DIGITAL HEALTH 9 (January 2023): 205520762311603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076231160323.

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Background and objective Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common types of endocrine and metabolic diseases in women of reproductive age that needs to be screened early and assessed non-invasively. The objective of the current study was to develop prediction models for polycystic ovary syndrome based on data of tongue and pulse using machine learning techniques. Methods A dataset of 285 polycystic ovary syndrome patients and 201 healthy women were investigated to identify the significant tongue and pulse parameters for predicting polycystic ovary syndrome. In this study, feature sel
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9

Kim, Daejin. "The role of the tongue back on contrasting voicing properties of English coda consonants: Evidence from an ultrasound imaging technique." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0019193.

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This study explores how voicing properties of stop consonants at the coda of a syllable are reflected in the articulation of the tongue back in American English. The association between the laryngeal control of the voicing property of consonants and the positioning of the tongue back has been increasingly reported (e.g., Ahn, 2018; Coretta, 2020). A recent study (Coretta, 2020) reported that longer vowel duration indicating the following voiced stop consonant corresponds to greater tongue root advancement at the offset of the vowel in Italian and Polish. Since the vowel with a following voiced
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10

Wood, Rachel C., Alfred Andama, Gleda Hermansky, et al. "Characterization of oral swab samples for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (2021): e0251422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251422.

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Oral swab analysis (OSA) has been shown to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) DNA in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In previous analyses, qPCR testing of swab samples collected from tongue dorsa was up to 93% sensitive relative to sputum GeneXpert, when 2 swabs per patient were tested. The present study modified sample collection methods to increase sample biomass and characterized the viability of bacilli present in tongue swabs. A qPCR targeting conserved bacterial ribosomal rRNA gene (rDNA) sequences was used to quantify bacterial biomass in samples. There was no detectable
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11

Shi, Hanjing, Sisi Chen, Wenyue Zhou, et al. "A Comprehensive Characterization of the Differences in Meat Quality, Nonvolatile and Volatile Flavor Substances Between Taoyuan Black and Duroc Pigs." Foods 14, no. 11 (2025): 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14111935.

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To compare the differences in meat quality between obese-type Chinese pig breeds and lean-type foreign pig breeds, we selected Taoyuan Black (TB) pigs and Duroc pigs at 180 and 210 days of age and analyzed their meat quality, chemical composition, and flavor compounds using an electronic tongue, chromatographic techniques, and two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF-MS). A total of 16 main fatty acids, 18 main free amino acids, and 249 flavor compounds were identified. The results showed that TB pigs exhibited redder meat color, higher intramuscular fat,
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Fargnoli, Vanessa, Hoang Thi My Hanh, Ly Na Hoang, et al. "“Time to Change”: To What Extent Could Non-Sputum Sampling Accelerate the Fight Against Tuberculosis—A Qualitative Study Among End-Users." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 10, no. 2 (2025): 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10020044.

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Inadequate access to timely diagnosis and linkage to treatment are major barriers to tuberculosis (TB) care. New point-of-care diagnostics that do not rely solely on sputum samples are needed to make up for lost time, bringing TB testing closer to service recipients and addressing current sputum sampling limitations. Urine-based TB lipoarabinomannan tests and tongue dorsum swabs have demonstrated potential as alternatives to sputum-based molecular testing. We conducted a study to ascertain the perceived value of these non-sputum-based TB tests among stakeholders from the TB community, includin
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Fernando, Sancia, Hussein Mohamedbhai, and Shahme Farook. "Atypical lymphadenopathy in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: TB or not TB?" Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 3 (July 2021): 100100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100100.

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14

Bloomquist, Ryan F., Teresa E. Fowler, Zhengwen An, et al. "Developmental plasticity of epithelial stem cells in tooth and taste bud renewal." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 36 (2019): 17858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821202116.

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In Lake Malawi cichlids, each tooth is replaced in one-for-one fashion every ∼20 to 50 d, and taste buds (TBs) are continuously renewed as in mammals. These structures are colocalized in the fish mouth and throat, from the point of initiation through adulthood. Here, we found that replacement teeth (RT) share a continuous band of epithelium with adjacent TBs and that both organs coexpress stem cell factors in subsets of label-retaining cells. We used RNA-seq to characterize transcriptomes of RT germs and TB-bearing oral epithelium. Analysis revealed differential usage of developmental pathways
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15

Thakur, JS, Naina Verma, Shobha Mohindroo, Ramesh K. Azad, and NK Mohindroo. "Isolated tubercular hypoglossal nerve paralysis." Tropical Doctor 47, no. 3 (2016): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049475516649894.

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Hypoglossal nerve palsy is not an uncommon neurological finding but primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis (TB) presenting as hypoglossal nerve palsy is very rare. A 31-year-old woman presented with headache and progressive tongue deviation towards the right side. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed soft tissue mass lesion on the posterior wall of nasopharynx while MRI revealed isointense tumour in nasopharynx with normal hypoglossal nerve and brain. Histopathological examination found TB. We discuss the clinical challenges and possible pathogenesis of this rare clinical entity.
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Sharma, Shilpam, and Abhinav Srivastava. "Tuberculosis of Buccal Mucosa: Is it a Fading Entity?" International Journal of Advanced and Integrated Medical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2016): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10050-0011.

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ABSTRACT The recent spurt in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in developing as well as developed countries along with a global anti-tubercular drug resistance, calls for awareness for the diagnosis of TB in unusual form and at unusual sites. Extrapulmonary TB in head and neck may infect palate, uvula, buccal mucosa, tonsils, lips, tongue, maxilla and mandible. Tuberculous lesions of oral cavity have become so infrequent that it is virtually a forgotten disease and may pose a clinical diagnostic challenge. Therefore, all lesions in these areas should be investigated keeping a high level of su
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17

Rajah, V., and A. Essa. "Histoplasmosis of the oral cavity, oropharynx and larynx." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 1 (1993): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100122169.

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AbstractA patient with oropharyngolaryngeal histoplasmosis is presented. He has been treated for disseminated tuberculosis (TB) for 10 months, with no improvement.Repeat biopsy of a tongue ulcer, together with a swab of the ulcer base, confirmed the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum.Treatment with amphotericin B resulted in a rapid recovery.
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18

Yan, Alexander J., Alaina M. Olson, Kris M. Weigel, et al. "Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from tongue swabs using sonication and sequence-specific hybridization capture." PLOS ONE 19, no. 8 (2024): e0308235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308235.

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Tongue swabs hold promise as a non-invasive sample for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). However, their utility as replacements for sputum has been limited by their varied diagnostic performance in PCR assays compared to sputum. The use of silica-based DNA extraction methods may limit sensitivity due to incomplete lysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) cells and co-extraction of non-target nucleic acid, which may inhibit PCR. Specificity may also be compromised because these methods are labor-intensive and prone to cross-contamination. To address these limitations, we developed a sample prepara
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Omae, Takayuki, Yuji Omori, Yuna Makihara, et al. "Mechanism of Tumor Budding in Patient-Derived Metachronous Oral Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 7 (2025): 3347. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073347.

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Tumor budding (TB) occurs at the deepest site of tumor invasion and is a significant prognostic indicator of cervical metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The mechanism of TB, however, remains unclear. This study investigated the roles of the tumor microenvironment and partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) in TB expression using molecular and cellular physiological analyses. We established oral metachronous carcinoma cell lines (gingival carcinoma: 020, tongue carcinoma with high TB expression: 020G) from two cancers with pathologically different TB in the same patien
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Mishra, Dr Gyanshankar P. "Linezolid-Associated Black Tongue: A Rare Adverse Drug Reaction." Journal of Infectiology 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29245/2689-9981/2023/1.1170.

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Linezolid is an effective second-line anti-tuberculosis drug. However, the use of linezolid has been associated with rare adverse drug reactions (ADRs), one of which is the linezolid-associated black hairy tongue (BHT). This reaction is characterized by a black or dark brown discoloration of the tongue, which may be accompanied by a metallic or bitter taste. In this case report, we present a 19-year-old male patient who developed linezolid-associated black tongue while receiving linezolid as part of an all-oral, longer-course treatment regime for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberc
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Phull, Tanvi, Harmesh Sharma, Sunidhi Gandhi, Divya Jyoti, Ritu Malhotra, and Nandita Katha. "Diagnosis and Treatment of a Rare Case of Tubercular Gingival Enlargement." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 1 (2024): S972—S974. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_706_23.

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ABSTRACT Granulomatous inflammation is a distinctive variant of the chronic inflammatory response. The orofacial tissues may be affected by a wide range of granulomatous diseases. The lesions range from infections, immunological, and reactive, to foreign body granulomas. As is common knowledge, tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that can affect any region of the body, including the mouth. It may involve the tongue in the mouth and have quite peculiar features and forms. Therefore, while uncommon, oral lesions are crucial for the early detection and treatment of primary TB. We di
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Mersil, Sarah, Fitri Zakiyah, and Rani Handayani. "Clinical Findings of the Oral Cavity in Outpatient Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at RSUD Kota Tangerang." Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) 21, no. 1 (2025): 112–18. https://doi.org/10.46862/interdental.v21i1.9094.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the 9th world’s deadliest chronic infectious diseases caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and predominantly affects the lungs. TB could also occur in other sites of the body, such as the oral cavity. The oral manifestation incidence of TB is approximately 0,1%–0,5%. Despite being a rare occurrence, oral TB remains a challenging issue because of its nonspecific clinical presentation. This study aims to determine the clinical findings of the oral cavity in outpatient’s pulmonary TB at RSUD Tangerang city. Materials and Methods: This research is a descri
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Handayani, Rani, Siska Erya Rahim, Virginia Nuriah Hikmawati, and Hesti Setiastuti. "ORAL LICHEN PLANUS IN DRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT: A RARE CASE." Journal of Health and Dental Sciences 3, no. 3 (2024): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54052/jhds.v3n3.p317-332.

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Drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a hurdle in controlling pulmonary tuberculosis. The mucocutaneous tissues, including the oral mucosa, can be impacted by DR-TB medication, although infrequent. Highlighting Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) as a rare oral finding of drug side effects in DR-TB patients. Two male patients in DR-TB Clinic RSUD Tangerang City were referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic for complaints in the oral cavity. Treatment for DR-TB was given to the patient in months 8 and 11. The microscopic examination and sputum culture were negative when consulted. The patient denie
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Tamura, Takeshi, Kay I. Ohshima, Jan L. Lieser, et al. "Helicopter-borne observations with portable microwave radiometer in the Southern Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk." Annals of Glaciology 56, no. 69 (2015): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2015aog69a621.

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AbstractAccurately measuring and monitoring the thickness distribution of thin ice is crucial for accurate estimation of ocean–atmosphere heat fluxes and rates of ice production and salt flux in ice-affected oceans. Here we present results from helicopter-borne brightness temperature (TB) measurements in the Southern Ocean in October 2012 and in the Sea of Okhotsk in February 2009 carried out with a portable passive microwave (PMW) radiometer operating at a frequency of 36 GHz. The goal of these measurements is to aid evaluation of a satellite thin-ice thickness algorithm which uses data from
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Sriram, Shyamkumar, Shamimul Hasan, Shazina Saeed, Syed Ansar Ahmad, and Swagatika Panda. "Primary Tuberculosis of Buccal and Labial Mucosa: Literature Review and a Rare Case Report of a Public Health Menace." Case Reports in Dentistry 2023 (October 5, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6543595.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous infectious disorder, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the recent advancements in antitubercular therapy (ATT), it remains a global public health concern. TB is a leading infectious cause of global mortality, second only to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). TB of the oral cavity is an uncommon occurrence and may be classified as a primary and secondary form. The primary tubercular lesions are extremely rare, as the intact oral squamous epithelium resists the entry of tubercle bacilli. The commonest oral TB lesion is solitary ulceratio
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Ferrat, Kamel, and Mhania GUERTI. "Acoustic And Articulatory Analysis Of The Gemination In Modern Standard Arabic." AL-Lisaniyyat 21, no. 2 (2015): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.61850/allj.v21i2.306.

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In this paper, we report the results of an experimental study of the acoustic and articulatory properties of the geminate consonants in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). To extract the feature characteristics, we have carried out an acoustic analysis by computing the values of frequency formants, energy and durations of the consonants and subsequent vowels in the various [VCV] and [VCgV] utterances (Cg: geminate consonant). For that, we have used the sonagraph CSL 4300B of Kay Elemetrics, Praat speech analysis software and Matlab Software. For the articulatory analysis tool, we have used the Elect
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Deshpande, Nikhil Sanjay, Anil B. Munemane, Ravindra Raosaheb Karle, and Suryakant Dattatreya Dongre. "Relevance of Tumor Budding and Pattern of Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma." International Journal of Applied & Basic Medical Research 14, no. 1 (2024): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_391_23.

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Abstract Background: Standard histopathological parameters such as depth of invasion (DOI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI) are known parameters that can correlate with the prognosis and aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Tumor budding (TB) (≤5 tumor cells at infiltrating borders) and pattern of invasion (POI) are emerging histopathological parameters that have shown promising results as reliable risk factors in predicting nodal metastasis in early OSCCs. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess TB and POI in OSCCs. Materials and Methods: A tot
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Azizah, Anna, Nadilla I. Wahyu, Ayu Rahmadhani, et al. "Oral Clinical Findings in Cadaver with Tuberculosis: A Case Report." e-GiGi 13, no. 1 (2024): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/eg.v13i1.54414.

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Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a long-lasting infectious disease that usually affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but can also affect other organs and systems (extra-pulmonary TB). Oral TB is uncommon, particularly primary oral tuberculosis which predominantly affects young adults, and the tongue is the site most frequently affected. This case report aimed to discuss the manifestation of TB in the hard palate, focusing on observation from a cadaver and providing a thorough analysis of the oral clinical symptoms. We reported a case of unidentified 42-year-old female body that was found dead and b
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Lian, Jijian, Junling He, Wenjuan Gou, and Danjie Ran. "Effects of Bucket Type and Angle on Downstream Nappe Wind Caused by a Turbulent Jet." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (2019): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081360.

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The downstream nappe wind caused by flood discharge has a great influence on the rainfall distribution, the operational safety of dams, and their surrounding ecological environments. A physical experiment was conducted to measure the spatial distribution of the downstream nappe wind and the splash for a continuous bucket (CB) and a tongue-shaped bucket (TB) for five bucket angles (40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, and 60°). The experimental results demonstrate that the trajectory width and height of the nappe increase as the angles increase, but the effect on the length is converse. The wind velocity and sp
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Triani, Maulina, Aditya Priagung Prakosa, Suci Idia Artika, and Tri Utomo. "Temuan Klinis Akut Pseudomembran Candidiasis Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis (TB): Laporan Kasus." STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 20, no. 2 (2023): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/stoma.v20i2.44015.

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Tuberculosis (TB) caused by strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis), is a pulmonary infection that is spread by airborne droplet transmission. Highest incidences occurred in India. Indonesia soared on 2th place worldwide with 420.994 cases of tuberculosis in 2017. Most of TB patients do not maintain oral hygine and are smokers which can cause several oral manifestations such as oral candidiasis. The purpose of this case report is to describe the oral manifestations that occur in tuberculosis patients. A 39-year-old male patient complained of white plaques on tongue and
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Lopes Filho, Paulo Rodrigues, Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior, Ronnie Antunes De Assis, et al. "Distribution of lesions in cattle affected by bovine tuberculosis in the State of Minas Gerais from 2004-2008." Revista Acadêmica Ciência Animal 12, no. 2 (2014): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/academica.12.02.ao08.

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The distribution of lesions and the characteristics of cattle affected by bovine tuberculosis (TB) in thestate of Minas Gerais (MG) were evaluated using data from samples sent to the official laboratory of theBrazilian Ministry of Agriculture for bacteriological diagnosis. It was conducted a descriptive study using1,081 samples with lesions suggestive of TB that were sent for bacteriological diagnosis of Mycobacteriumbovis. The respiratory system had the highest injury frequency (53.01%), followed by the carcass (20.23%),the abdominal cavity (16.52%), the tongue (8.26%) and the breast (1.98%).
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Hadiatma, Faradika Nopta, and Erwin Astha Triyono. "A naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis manifestation: diagnosis and management challenges." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (2023): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i1.4061.

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Background: Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is common tropical countries and could manifest with diverse clinical manifestations and mimic other diseases. This case report highlights the diagnosis and management challenges of a patient with HIV naive who had pleural and pericardial effusion manifestation due to extrapulmonary TB. Case presentation: A male 48 years old was referred with shortness of breath, cough with phlegm, fever with night sweats. The patient complained of chest tightness and pain, decreased appetite, and weight loss ap
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Gutierrez, Ranier, and Sidney A. Simon. "Physiology of Taste Processing in the Tongue, Gut, and Brain." Comprehensive Physiology 11, no. 4 (2021): 2489–523. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2021.tb00188.x.

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AbstractThe gustatory system detects and informs us about the nature of various chemicals we put in our mouth. Some of these have nutritive value (sugars, amino acids, salts, and fats) and are appetitive and avidly ingested, whereas others (atropine, quinine, nicotine) are aversive and rapidly rejected. However, the gustatory system is mainly responsible for evoking the perception of a limited number of qualities that humans taste as sweet, umami, bitter, sour, salty, and perhaps fat [free fatty acids (FFA)] and starch (malto‐oligosaccharides). The complex flavors and mouthfeel that we experie
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Toledano, Bryan Rene F., Glenn Valloso, Vanessa Yu Ma., et al. "A Rare and Fatal Case of Aortobronchial Fistula Secondary to Disseminated Tuberculous Aortitis and Takayasu Arteritis." ASEAN Heart Journal 28, no. 1 (2020): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31762/ahj2028.0104.

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BACKGROUND Aortobronchial fistula (ABF) is a rare complication of a chronic thoracic aneurysm. An ABF secondary to Disseminated Tuberculous (TB) Aortitis and Takayasu Arteritis (TA) may present with extensive combinations of aneurysms and stenoses in different parts of the arterial system with involvement of other organs. CASE PRESENTATION A 29-year-old Filipino female, married, who was admitted to our institution due to sudden massive hemoptysis. A Computed Tomography of the chest showed pulmonary tuberculosis with lymph node involvement and pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta. The pertine
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Solela, Gashaw, and Alazar Sitotaw. "Uncommon manifestation of disseminated tuberculosis with metastatic skin abscesses in an immunocompromised adult patient: A case report." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 13, no. 3 (2023): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jmid.2023.v13.i3.10.

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Background: Cutaneous lesions account for less than 2% of all extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis (TB). Metastatic tuberculous abscesses (tuberculous gummas), uncommon forms of cutaneous TB, typically result from the bacillus spreading hematogenously from the main site of infection to the subcutaneous tissue when the body's cell mediated immunity is compromised and present with one or more non-tender and fluctuant subcutaneous nodules. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old male presented with dry cough of one month duration associated with loss of appetite, easy fatigability and vomiting
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Kallusky, Johanna, Rüdiger Zimmerer, Frank Tavassol, Nils-Claudius Gellrich, Martin Ptok, and Michael Jungheim. "Deglutition in Patients With Hypernasality Associated With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Evaluated With High-Resolution Manometry." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, no. 2 (2019): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665619877053.

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Objective: To evaluate pharyngeal pressure profiles during swallowing in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and identify compensation mechanisms. Design: Prospective experimental study. Setting: University Hospital and Medical School. Participants: Ten volunteers and 10 patients with nonsyndromic repaired UCLP with hypernasality (age: 19-27 years, 5 females and 5 males per group) were included. Interventions: All participants swallowed 2 and 10 mL of water and underwent high-resolution manometry (HRM). Main Outcome Measures: Pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) par
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Kitiyanun, Krittapat, Waranon Kongsong, Seree Tuprakay, et al. "Mechanical Properties of Parallel TDG Bamboo Laminated Columns with Tough and Grove Joints." Designs 6, no. 6 (2022): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs6060107.

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The problem of bamboo’s strength depends on the length used. From past experiments, it was found that the physical properties of bamboo have thickness at the bottom and a tapered end, resulting in the strength of the bamboo in each part being different. The bottom part can resist more compression than the tip, which corresponds to the physical characteristics of bamboo. To use bamboo for main construction, such as columns, many select raw bamboo that measures approximately 3 m from the ground and is considered the strongest part. The present bamboo laminated products are limited to 2.4 m in le
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Binev, Rumen. "Investigations on some indicators in the blood of cattle with orosthenic activity tongue rolling." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 10, no. 2 (2023): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j685.

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Objective: Hematological studies were carried out in cattle with tongue-rolling hyperactivity in order to establish the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of this behavioral disorder. Materials and Methods: Cattle were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 12), control animals that did not demonstrate the tongue-rolling orosthenic activity, and Group 2 (n = 12), cattle that manifested this stereotyped behavior. Blood samples were collected from all cattle twice at 10-day intervals from Vena jugularis for analysis of red blood cell counts, hemoglobin (HGB) content, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean
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Lee, Hung Lin, Tu Lee, Zheng Xin Liu, et al. "A Taste and Odor Sensing by Photoluminescence Responses of Luminescent Metal Organic Frameworks." Advanced Materials Research 699 (May 2013): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.392.

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The sensors of taste and odor play important roles of recognition as well as reception. In our research, the taste and odor sensing capabilities were based on the photoluminescence (PL) responses of luminescent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). For the sensing of taste, [In(OH)(bdc)]n(bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and [Tb(btc)] (MOF-76, btc = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate), were tested on aqueous solutions of five basic tastants such as sucrose (sweet), caffeine (bitter), citric acid (sour), sodium chloride (salty) and monosodium glutamate (umami). The photoluminescence (PL) responses of polya
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Han, Xiao-Xiao, Jia Qiao, Zhan-Ao Meng, et al. "The Biomechanical Characteristics of Swallowing in Tracheostomized Patients with Aspiration following Acquired Brain Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study." Brain Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13010091.

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Objectives: Investigate the biomechanical characteristics in tracheostomized patients with aspiration following acquired brain injury (ABI) and further explore the relationship between the biomechanical characteristics and aspiration. Methods: This is a single-center cross-sectional study. The tracheostomized patients with aspiration following ABI and age-matched healthy controls were recruited. The biomechanical characteristics, including velopharynx (VP) maximal pressure, tongue base (TB) maximal pressure, upper esophageal sphincter (UES) residual pressure, UES relaxation duration, and subgl
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Wahyuni, Indah Suasani, Fajar Fatriadi, Diani Prisinda, Fidya Meditia Putri, Nanan Nuraeny, and Wahyu Hidayat. "PENGALAMAN KARIES, KADAR HAEMOGLOBIN, BERAT BADAN DAN TINGGI BADAN PADA ANAK DENGAN LESI MUKOSA ORAL." ODONTO : Dental Journal 4, no. 2 (2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.4.2.79-84.

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Background: Oral mucosal lesions in children caused by nutritional problems, dental infection, poor oral hygiene and trauma. Oral health in children as the next generation of the nation should always be maintained. However there is still lack of data on the emergence of oral mucosal lesions in Indonesian children. Purpose. To describe an overview of the caries experience, Haemoglobin/Hematokrit (Hb Ht), weight (BB) and height (TB) in children aged 6-7 years in several elementary schools at Tanjungsari, Sumedang.Result: 44 of 137 students who had oral mucosal lesions, had completesupporting dat
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Gopalaswamy, Radha, V. N. Azger Dusthackeer, Silambuchelvi Kannayan, and Selvakumar Subbian. "Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis—An Update on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Drug Resistance." Journal of Respiration 1, no. 2 (2021): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jor1020015.

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Pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms (MTBC) primarily cause pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, MTBC are also capable of causing disease in extrapulmonary (EP) organs, which pose a significant threat to human health worldwide. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for about 20–30% of all active TB cases and affects mainly children and adults with compromised immune systems. EPTB can occur through hematogenous, lymphatic, or localized bacillary dissemination from a primary source, such as PTB, and affects the brain, eye, mouth, tongue, lymph nodes of neck, spine, bon
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Caruso, Anna Maria, Denisia Bommarito, Vincenza Girgenti, et al. "Evaluation of Dysphagia and Inhalation Risk in Neurologically Impaired Children Using Esophageal High-Resolution Manometry with Swallowing Analysis." Children 9, no. 12 (2022): 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9121987.

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Background: Dysphagia in neurologically impaired children is associated with feeding difficulties, malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. Esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) has been used in the diagnosis of motility disorders affecting the swallowing process. The aim of this study was to analyze swallowing functions in NI children by using HRM in order to establish swallow parameters identifying inhalation risk. Methods: Twenty-five NI children with cerebral palsy were submitted to esophageal HRM with UES analysis, comparing the results with non-NI children. The following parameters we
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Elyazeed, Aya M. A., Sameh A. Khodair, Mohamed A. El-Hamid Alm El-Din, and Alshiyma Z. El Shahawy. "Diffusion-weighted MRI in characterization of enlarged cervical lymph nodes." Tanta Medical Journal 52, no. 4 (2024): 374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/tmj.tmj_48_23.

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Background Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) has been shown to enhance the visibility of sub-centimetric lymph nodes (LNs) by suppressing background tissue, thereby facilitating LN identification in comparison to conventional sequences. Aim The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient in distinguishing among cancerous and benign cervical lymphadenopathy. Patients and methods This prospective research includes 50 cases complaining of cervical LN swelling referred to MR units of Radiodiagnosis and Clinical Oncology department at Tanta University H
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Dilorenzo, Dominique, Naganna Channaveeraiah, Patricia Gilford, and Bruce Deschere. "Nigerian Female with Skin Lesions in the Leg and Face: Herpetic Sycosis Folliculitis." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7948497.

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Nongenital HSV 1 presents outside the mucus membrane. Our patient had unusual presentation that caused diagnostic dilemma. 30-year-old native Nigerian female coming with fiancée to the United States presented to our service one day after arrival through ER with a lesion on her right ankle. She was diagnosed with cellulitis, started on antibiotics, and admitted to hospital. She had fever of 39.1°C. Head and neck exam showed multiple sized lesions over tongue and palate and inner aspect of lower lip. Abdomen and genital exam was normal. Skin exam showed lesions over the face and lesions over the
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Rabitti, Noemi Sofia, Marta Appiani, Alessandra Marti, et al. "Valorization of Common (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) and Tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) Buckwheat in Gluten-Free Polenta Samples: Chemical-Physical and Sensory Characterization." Foods 11, no. 21 (2022): 3442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11213442.

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In recent years, increasing attention has been addressed to buckwheat, an interesting minor crop with an excellent nutritional profile that contributes to the sustainability and biodiversity of the agri-food system. However, the high content of rutin and quercitin present in this pseudocereal can elicit undesirable sensory properties, such as bitterness and astringency, that can limit its exploitation in food formulations. The aim of the present study was to characterize six gluten-free porridge-type formulations (called polenta) prepared using corn and buckwheat flour. Specifically, polenta s
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Mondal, Soumyya, Anwesha Mandal, Sipra Saha, Partha Sarathi Chakrabarty, Piyali Datta, and Debalina Das. "Distribution of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in CBNAAT samples received in a tertiary care hospital – A record-based study." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13, no. 12 (2024): 5704–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_519_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) accounts for 85% of all reported tuberculosis cases globally. Extrapulmonary involvement can occur in isolation or along with a pulmonary focus as in the case of patients with disseminated tuberculosis (TB). EPTB can occur through hematogenous, lymphatic, or localized bacillary dissemination from a primary source, such as PTB and affects the brain, eye, mouth, tongue, lymph nodes of neck, spine, bones, muscles, skin, pleura, pericardium, gastrointestinal, peritoneum and the genitourinary system as primary and/or disseminated disease. Although p
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Wang, Qingzhu, Peizeng Jia, Nina K. Anderson, Lin Wang, and Jiuxiang Lin. "Changes of pharyngeal airway size and hyoid bone position following orthodontic treatment of Class I bimaxillary protrusion." Angle Orthodontist 82, no. 1 (2011): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/011011-13.1.

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Abstract Objectives: To test the hypothesis that the sagittal position of the anterior teeth has no effect on pharyngeal airway dimension or hyoid bone position and to investigate the influence of orthodontic retraction of the anterior teeth on each section of pharynx and hyoid position. Materials and Methods: Forty-four Class I bimaxillary protrusion adults, treated with preadjusted appliances and maximum anchorage after extraction of four premolars, were divided into two groups according to their vertical craniofacial skeletal patterns. Pretreatment and posttreatment variables were compared
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Avoka, Vasco Ayere, and Eric Osei. "Evaluation of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities: The Case of South Tongu District, Ghana." Tuberculosis Research and Treatment 2020 (May 23, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4587179.

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Background. There is a complex interaction between infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infection that results in a synergistic increase in their prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. In Ghana, 32% of TB cases were estimated to be coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic HIV, with the highest number of coinfections in the Volta Region. This study assessed the extent of linkage between the TB and HIV collaborative activities in the South Tongu District of Ghana. Method. The study employed both
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Dr., Saswata Ghosh, Prosenjit Gayen Dr., Atish Halder Dr., and Ramtanu Bandyopadhyay Dr. "Clinical Profile of MDR-TB patients with special reference to kanamycin induced ototoxicity in a tertiary care hospital of eastern India." International Journal of Medical Research and Review 7, no. 3 (2019): 218–23. https://doi.org/10.17511/ijmrr.2019.i03.12.

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Introduction: MDR-TB is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, with or without resistance to other anti-TB drugs. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) remains a public health crisis and a health security threat. Kanamycin, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat multi-drug resistant TB in the intensive phase. Objective: To analyze the patients of MDR-TB with respect to age, sex and presence of comorbidities like diabetes mellitus. Also to study the incidence of hearing impairments among patients of MDR-TB receiving injectable Kanamycin. Methods: 40 patients of MDR-TB diagnosed by
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