Dissertations / Theses: 'Tools and practices'

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Silva-Roy, Maria-Cleusa. "A Study on the Impact of Actuarial Assessment Tools on Probation Practices in Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41519.

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There has been a rising concern surrounding risk within society. This increasing concern has dominated almost all aspects of human life and more specifically the way in which citizens are governed. How risk is addressed in general has shifted significantly; given this, the criminal justice system has also seen an escalation in concerns surrounding risk. Subsequently, there has been a push towards evaluating said risks through the use of actuarial assessment tools. Research has shown that with the rising reliance on actuarial assessment tools came the decrease in practitioner’s ability to rely on their professional judgement when conducting their work. However, there has been a gap identified in the literature. This gap pertains to how practitioners, particularly, probation officers perceive the impact of these actuarial tools on their work. This study aims to analyse how probation officers, within the province of Ontario, view the impact of actuarial assessment tools on their work. This study is guided by the theory of governmentality, as coined by Michel Foucault. In order to explore the impact of actuarial assessment tools on the practice of probation, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with former probation officers. The perceptions varied and participants did not provide a unique and monolithic response; rather, the voices of all participants were shared to create a larger picture of how actuarial assessment tools impact the work of practitioners in the practice of probation.

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Deli, Christopher. "Information sharing practices and the tools to support it: An interview study at ABB." Thesis, Linköping University, Economic Information Systems, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-54541.

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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how information sharing in distributed development projects can be improved through the use of information sharing tools. Work published on this subject has been investigated and ABB employees whose work highly depends on information sharing have been interviewed.

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Gómez, Palou Allard Marta. "Managing Terminology for Translation Using Translation Environment Tools: Towards a Definition of Best Practices." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22837.

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Translation Environment Tools (TEnTs) became popular in the early 1990s as a partial solution for coping with ever-increasing translation demands and the decreasing number of translators available. TEnTs allow the creation of repositories of legacy translations (translation memories) and terminology (integrated termbases) used to identify repetition in new source texts and provide alternate translations, thereby reducing the need to translate the same information twice. While awareness of the important role of terminology in translation and documentation management has been on the rise, little research is available on best practices for building and using integrated termbases. The present research is a first step toward filling this gap and provides a set of guidelines on how best to optimize the design and use of integrated termbases. Based on existing translation technology and terminology management literature, as well as our own experience, we propose that traditional terminology and terminography principles designed for stand-alone termbases should be adapted when an integrated termbase is created in order to take into account its unique characteristics: active term recognition, d one-click insertion of equivalents into the target text and document pretranslation. The proposed modifications to traditional principles cover a wide range of issues, including using record structures with fewer fields, adopting the TBX-Basic’s record structure, classifying records by project or client, creating records based on equivalent pairs rather concepts in cases where synonyms exist, recording non-term units and multiple forms of a unit, and using translated documents as sources. The overarching hypothesis and its associated concrete strategies were evaluated first against a survey of current practices in terminology management within TEnTs and later through a second survey that tested user acceptance of the strategies. The result is a set of guidelines that describe best practices relating to design, content selection and information recording within integrated termbases that will be used for translation purposes. These guidelines will serve as a point of reference for new users of TEnTs, as an academic resource for translation technology educators, as a map of challenges in terminology management within TEnTs that translation software developers seek to resolve and, finally, as a springboard for further research on the optimization of integrated termbases for translation.

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Jung, Seungho. "An Empirical Investigation of Tools and Joint Practices Used in Managing Customer-Supplier Relationships." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40384.

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The purpose of this research was to study customer-supplier relationships, and particularly their partnerships, to help managers and practitioners successfully design, develop, implement and deploy tools and joint practices for their upstream systems. To achieve this purpose, a total of 1,811 (potential mailed survey questionnaire respondents) and 7 (structured interviewees) managers who are responsible for purchasing, sales/ marketing, quality-related, and production- or operations-related functions of U.S. private manufacturing companies in SIC 35, 36, and 37 were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Using 172 usable mailed survey questionnaire responses (response rate: 9.78%) and qualitative data from the structured interviews, the following major findings were derived: * Four tools/joint practices most frequently used in customer-supplier relationships were supplier certification/verification, joint problem-solving teams, quality audits, and Just-In-Time production and delivery, * Five tools/joint practices that have been used most effectively were ISO 9000 and/or QS 9000 and/or Baldrige criteria, quality audit, JIT production/delivery, joint planning, and joint problem-solving teams, * Five tools/joint practices that have been most internalized were ISO 9000 and/or QS 9000 and/or Baldrige criteria, quality audit, JIT production/delivery, joint problem-solving teams, and supplier or customer performance measurement systems, * Overall perceived organizational performance improvement was 25% (30% quality improvement, 21% cost reduction, and 26% cycle time reduction). In addition to these findings, eight hypothesized relationships were tested using two independent variables (joint use of specific tools and joint use of practices) and four dependent variables (informed partners, role integrity, conflict resolution, and mutuality). The results showed that customer and supplier companies do not share the same experience with respect to the relationships between the two independent variables and conflict resolution. Using these findings, a set of practices was proposed as a means for further improving specific organizational performance dimensions and providing a mechanism to better share the consequences of joint action. Ph. D.

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Poulikidou, Sofia. "Integration of Design for Environment in the vehicle manufacturing industry in Sweden : Focus on practices and tools." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-134804.

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Design for Environment (DfE) promotes the systematic consideration of environmental aspects during product design and development. Despite the maturity of concepts and tools in literature, efficient implementation in industries is reported to be low. A need to bridge this gap is identified with studies that look on DfE practices as well as the use and potential of DfE tools. This thesis is part of a research project that investigates DfE practices and the use of tools during vehicle design and development. The aim is to investigate the ways that environmental constraints can be efficiently integrated into product development processes thus assist in improving the environmental performance of products from a life cycle perspective. The scope of the study includes four vehicle manufacturing companies in Sweden. The development and utilization of tools has been also investigated aiming to increase the opportunities for effective use within this product category. Case study methodology, research interviews and literature reviews constitute the research strategy followed in this work. The empirical results presented in this thesis indicated that vehicle manufacturing companies in Sweden are continually working to improve the environmental performance of their products and meet legal and costumer demands. Despite similarities regarding the type of environmental requirements considered, the companies studied have adopted different ways to identify and integrate environmental requirements into their product development process and use DfE tools to different extents. Such variations reflect differences in the success and maturity levels of the DfE practices adopted. A need for increased and more systematic use of tools is identified for all studied companies and especially for analytical tools. Results from the literature review showed that a variety of tools are available that have the potential to support vehicle design processes. However, only a few cover a broad set of aspects identified to be relevant from a vehicle design perspective. For DfE tools to become effective and be used during product development, they need to cover aspects that are relevant for the company and product designers. A need towards the development of tools that assist vehicle or product designers in general, to make informed and comprehensive choices based on a variety of requirements associated to the product, is identified. Coupling Materials Environmental Analysis - Environmental Effects

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Donnell, Kelly Elaine. "Identification of potential strategies, methods, and tools for improving cost estimating practices for highway projects." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2317.

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Project cost escalation is a major problem for State Highway Agencies (SHA). This problem is evident in cost estimating procedures that may not promote consistency and accuracy of costs over the project development process. The research proposes that a relationship exists between applying good estimating practices and minimizing cost escalation from the initial planning estimate to the engineer??s estimate at final design. The objective of this research is to develop a preliminary list of strategies, methods, and tools for project cost estimation practices aimed at achieving greater consistency and accuracy between the project development phases. A literature review was conducted that assisted in identifying factors that lead to the cost escalation of projects. The information from the literature was used to discover the core estimating assumptions that are the root causes behind cost escalation and lack of project estimate consistency and accuracy. After the cost escalation factors were determined, interviews with SHAs were conducted that lead to identifying unique and/or innovative approaches that will aid the SHAs in overcoming the cost escalation factors. The main methodology used to develop a potential list of strategies, methods, and tools was first focused on linking strategies to causes of cost escalation. Global strategies were identified by means of this approach. Methods and tools that would likely be effective in implementing the strategies are therefore directed at mitigating root causes of estimate problems in a focused approach. The strategies, methods, and tools are aligned with the project development phase where they would be implemented. Thus, a preliminary list of strategies, methods, and tools is provided in this study.

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Schiller, Craig. "Buildings as teaching tools: a case study analysis to determine best practices that teach environmental sustainability." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/56.

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This research is intended to help meet the growing demand for green schools that foster sustainability education by aggregating and cross-analyzing specific pedagogical strategies from buildings currently being used as teaching tools for sustainability. Over 350 specific teaching strategies were collected from 15 of the world’s highest performing academic buildings using Anne Taylor’s theoretical framework for linking architecture with sustainability education. These strategies were collected through interviews, literature reviews, web content, course curriculums, photographs, and site visits. This research also analyzed current educational theory that can be extended to the physical built environment, which was used to qualitatively analyze each pedagogical strategy. To specifically focus the data collection process, 36 of the most important sustainability issues related to the built environment were also compiled for this research and used to organize the teaching strategies. Additionally, four thematic categories (Multisensory, Outreach, Curricular, and Research) were created to organize the strategies based on their different educational goal, method of knowledge transfer, and intended audience. Finally, the 368 teaching strategies were cross-analyzed to determine the most common overall pedagogical strategies currently used. Educators, designers, and facility planners should use the information presented in this paper as a foundation for innovation in educational planning and design innovation. Also, the most common teaching strategies should be considered a benchmark for future buildings that teach. This list is not exhaustive, however, as the potential strategies for utilizing a building as a teaching tool is likely limitless. Therefore, all of the collected teaching strategies (over 350, attached in the Adobe Portfolio) are presented as individual design cards to display the pedagogical possibilities of buildings that teach and to inspire innovating strategies in the future.

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Abdul, Latif Siti Norhedayah. "Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (EBD) among adolescents in Brunei : can the SDQ and YSR be helpful in identifying prevalence rates?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31105.

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In most epidemiological studies, one in every five children and adolescents are said to display Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (EDB), with greater risk of school and wider social exclusion (Brauner & Stephens 2006; Costello, Egger & Angold 2005). Although no formal statistics are currently available with regards EBD in Brunei, there was a formal report stating that quite a number of young people are now being referred to professionals for assistance and support for EBD. There is currently no assessment tool for EBD in Brunei and no ‘Brunei Malay’ translation for most of the Western design measures. Although some of these measures have Malay translations, it was formally back-to-back translated among professionals from Malaysia, who are known to speak slightly different standard Malay language than those Malays who reside in Brunei. Despite the differences in some technical language, Malays in Brunei and Malaysia share a very similar culture and geography. The aim of this study was twofold, to explore the responses of parents, teachers and adolescents in Brunei using the translation of the Western designed assessment tool for EBD as well as to determine how useful the original subscales of those measures are in reporting problems associated with EBD in Brunei Darussalam, a Malay speaking country based in the South East Asian region. A single phase cross sectional survey of 11-16 year-old adolescents attending mainstream public (i.e. government) schools in Brunei was carried out. Responses of parents and teachers were measured using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ) and a subsample of the participants received a second copy of Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Report Form (TRF) of Achenbach measures. Responses from adolescents were measured using the Youth Self Report (YSR) of Achenbach measure. In total, responses were obtained from 396 parent version SDQ and 92 parent version of CBCL; 329 teacher version of SDQ and 71 teacher version of TRF; and 282 adolescent Youth Self Report (YSR) were obtained for analyses. Results indicated that there are some differences in the three different groups of respondents in Brunei in relation to the identification of EBD and that this differed somewhat from Western population studies. It is suggested that this may be due to differences in interpreting behavioural norms and that this might be linked to cultural differences. It was found that the YSR did not produce factor structure like that of the original study and this might indicate necessary refinement to ensure better fit as revealed by the psychometric analyses. Teachers’ responses to the SDQ items were more similar to those of teachers in other evaluation of the SDQ, whilst parents differed more in their responses when compared to those of Western respondents. Despite the clear differences in their responses when describing EBD using these Western measures, exploration of other statistical tests offered some possible reasons for continuing using the measures to report the prevalence of the problems. Previous studies have also highlighted some critical insights into the use of the measures in other cultures, which are discussed in the finding of this study. Some age and gender differences also appeared in responses, and there were a tendency for parents and adolescents in Brunei to report higher Total Difficulties Score (TDS) among girls than boys. The cut-off scores that were adjusted based on the criteria advocated by the founder of these measures indicated slight differences in the level of point describing the clinical range. This again served to highlight the possible cultural behavioural expectation that varies from one country to another. This exploratory study suggests that reporting a prevalence rate of a given culture using a measure that was designed elsewhere might pose risk of wrongly describing problems of a particular nature without investigating the way in which it has been understood by the respondent. The study stresses that it is important to understand cultural determinants of respondents when reporting EBD of adolescents and points out the necessity of planning and networking across social context to meet young people mental health needs.

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Cunningham, Janelle Hope. "An Assessment of the Quality of Agricultural Best Management Practices in the James River Basin of Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34903.

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Assessment tools were developed to address the need for a low cost, rapid method of quantifying the quality of agricultural best management practices (BMPs). Best management practices are either cost-shared, where some or all of the capital costs of the practice were subsidized with federal, state, or local funds, or non cost-shared, where the cost of the practice and its upkeep is paid for by the landowner or farm operator. Cost-share practices are required to comply with state standards, while non cost-share practices are not subject to any standards. For this study, BMP quality is defined as the adherence to design, site selection, implementation, and maintenance criteria relating to water quality as specified by state and federal agencies promoting BMP implementation. The two objectives of this research were: 1. develop a set of assessment tools to quantify the quality of agricultural best management practices in a rapid low-cost manner, and 2. test the tools and determine if differences in quality exist between cost-share and non cost-share BMPs in the James River Basin of Virginia. Assessment tools were developed for sixteen practices: alternative water systems, stream fencing, streambank stabilization, grass filter strips, wooded buffers, permanent vegetative cover on critically eroding areas, permanent vegetative cover on erodible cropland, reforestation of erodible crop and pasture land, animal waste storage facilities, grazing land protection systems, loafing lot management systems, late winter split application of nitrogen on small grains, protective cover for specialty crops, sidedress application of nitrogen on corn, small grain cover crops-fertilized and harvested, and small grain cover crops for nutrient management. Assessment tools were developed using both Virginia BMP standards and expert knowledge. Virginia Department of Recreation and Conservation (DCR) and Virginia and national Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) BMP standards were collected and sorted into the four quality component categories; design, site selection, implementation, and maintenance. Standards that pertained directly to a BMPs' potential to protect water quality were translated into question format. Multiple-choice or yes/no questions were used as often as possible to avoid potential bias and for ease of processing. Assessment tool development involved an iterative process that included input from a research team (university-based researchers) and an expert team (public and private sector professionals and practitioners responsible for BMP design and assessment). One hundred and fifty-five cost-shared BMPs and 150 non cost-shared BMPs were assessed on 128 independent farms in the James River Basin of Virginia over a period of four months. The assessment tools were loaded onto a personal digital assistant (PDA), which facilitated data collection and eliminated the need for data transcription. Data collected on the PDA were uploaded periodically to a computer database. A digital camera was used to develop a photographic record of the assessed BMPs. Best management practice quality scores were based on five-point scale, with one being the lowest quality score and five as the highest. Statistical analyses conducted on both the overall quality scores and the quality component scores, indicate that there is not a strong significant difference (p = 0.05) in quality between the cost-shared and non cost-shared BMPs assessed for this study. Statistically significant differences between cost-share and non cost-share practices did, however, exist. For the filter/buffer strips practices (grass filter strips and wooded buffers), the implementation quality component cost-share mean (3.35) and the non cost-share mean (3.88) were statistically different at the 0.05 level (p-value = 0.026). One other statistically significant difference was found. For stream fencing, the overall quality cost-share mean was 4.68 while the non cost-share mean was 4.20; the means are statistically different at the 0.05 level (p-value = 0.043). Statistical analyses were performed to determine if age of practice, farm size, or Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD) had effects on the BMP quality. No statistically significant differences (p = 0.05) were found relating to the age of an assessed BMP or farm size. One SWCD, the Robert E. Lee district, had a statistically significant difference in the design quality component means; cost-share mean = 4.21, non cost-share mean = 2.94 with a p-value of 0.048. The statistically significant differences that were detected do not establish a clear trend; it appears that for the BMPs assessed here the qualities of cost-share and non cost-share practices are roughly equal. The fact that cost-share practices and non cost-share practices do appear to be roughly equal may be the result of education and outreach programs sponsored by Virginia's SWCDs and Virginia Cooperative Extension. Non cost-share practices may be of equal quality to cost-share practices because those implementing BMPs without the benefit of cost-share may have a greater stake (both financial and personal) in those practices performing well. If no statistically significant difference in quality exists between cost-share and non cost-share practices, then non cost-share practices should be treated equally when accounting for BMPs in NPS pollution in watershed management and computer modeling. Currently, only cost-share practices are included in computer models, in part because these are the only practices tracked by the existing BMP establishment infrastructure. Estimating the numbers and distribution of non cost-share practices and incorporating them into NPS water quality modeling efforts will more accurately reflect the steps agricultural producers have and are taking to decrease the amount of NPS pollution reaching water bodies. Additionally, policy regarding NPS pollution and BMPs should reflect the apparent equal qualities of cost-share and non cost-share practices. The assessment tools developed as a part of this study can potentially be applied to determine the quality of BMPs on basin or state-wide scales to give policy makers a better understanding of the practices and populations that the policies are created for. Moreover, BMP quality scores have the potential to be used as a surrogate measure for BMP performance. Further research recommendations include correlating BMP quality scores with BMP performance, wider scale testing of the tools, continued revision of the tools, and using the assessment tool scores to diagnose BMP quality problems. Master of Science

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Bennett, Elizabeth Jane. "Learning from the early adopters : Web 2.0 tools, pedagogic practices and the development of the digital practitioner." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2012. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/15997/.

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The radical and transformative potential of Web 2.0 tools to impact on learning has been widely discussed. Their promise is of participative, collaborative learning in which students are producers of knowledge, connected in learning communities. This thesis examines Web 2.0 tools in use in teaching and learning in a ‘post 1992’ university in the United Kingdom between 2009 and 2012. The focus is on how lecturers make use of the tools in their teaching; how the radical potential of these tools is harnessed in practice and how tensions and contradictions between Web 2.0 and traditional ways of learning are mediated. This phenomenological in-depth study utilises a small sample of lecturers, the ‘early adopters’ of Web 2.0 technologies, and focuses on their personal journeys in relation to making changes in their pedagogic and broader academic and professional practices. The study concludes that early adopters have similarities, independent of the subject that they teach, in terms of their beliefs and attributes: they are willing to experiment with change: they are confident in their approach to Technology Enhanced Learning: they understand the radical pedagogical possibilities of the application of Web 2.0 tools: they balance risks associated with adopting new practices with an understanding of their potential: they are willing to invest time in exploring and evaluating Technology Enhanced Learning. The motivation that drives the early adopters to adopt new Technology Enhanced Learning practices is their commitment to enhancing their students’ experience by making the learning more participative and collaborative. They believe that Web 2.0 practices have the potential to support this objective. Whilst change can be ontologically challenging when adopting practices which are disruptive to existing norms and routines, these early adopters do not experience adoption of Web 2.0 tools in this way. This thesis argues that this is because the changes are concomitant with the early adopters’ orientation to teaching and learning. The study also highlights the complexities of the decision to adopt new practices which can be emotionally challenging, associated with feelings of uncertainly or liminality, and involve juggling conflicted notions of the self and ideas of ‘giving up’. The study adapts Sharpe and Beetham’s Digital Literacies Framework and proposes the Digital Practitioner Framework depicting lecturers’ characteristics in relation to the adoption of Technology Enhanced Learning practices. The model is holistic, in that it represents not just the skills associated with being a digital practitioner, but also beliefs and values, practices and access. The model is used to understand the process of adoption of technology mediated learning by the early adopters in this higher education institution. The implications for lecturers’ development are also discussed.

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Feger, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Interactive tools for reproducible science : understanding, supporting, and motivating reproducible science practices / Sebastian Feger ; Betreuer: Albrecht Schmidt." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221524402/34.

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Freas, Adam. "BEATS, RHYMES AND LIFE: COUNTERING THE ENACTMENT OF SYSTEMIC WHITENESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION - HIP-HOP TOOLS AND PRACTICES." Scholarly Commons, 2021. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3761.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the impact Hip-Hop culture can have on white faculty who are committed to interrogating their identity and the constructs of whiteness, as it relates to implementing a sustainable process to interrogate race as a critically self-reflective educator and the development of a culturally sustaining practice in urban educational spaces. This qualitative study aimed to capture the experiences of the participants and to inform future efforts that challenge whiteness and identity amongst community college faculty and their role as educators by exposing them to educational tools and practices of Hip-Hop culture. With an emphasis on whiteness, power and privilege, this study engaged white community college faculty to not only look at themselves as educators but also how their influence impacts students on campus. The study used a cypher method to have participants engage in a series of interviews and workshops. Findings from this study suggest that Hip-Hop Based educational practices can offer tools for educators to engage in identity work and provide an opportunity to engage race, power, and whiteness. The implications from the study offers scholars beginning steps for further study around the relationship between Hip-Hop as a tool to engage white faculty with race and critical self reflection. It also presents implications for educators looking to further explore Hip-Hop Based Education as a tool for culturally responsive education, building community and liberatory practices.

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Clark, Christopher. "Improving Instruction through Teacher Evaluation: Principal and Teacher Perceptions of Leadership Practices and Policy Tools within the Evaluation Process." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609065/.

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In recent decades, changes to federal and state accountability policy and related teacher evaluation systems occurred in the United States with minimal input from two of the largest groups of stakeholders impacted: principals and teachers. For this case study, I explored principals' and teachers' perceptions of their experiences with the Texas Teacher Evaluation and Support System (T-TESS), specifically the role of leadership practices and use of the evaluation rubric as a policy tool within an evaluation process. The study took place at one elementary school. Teachers perceived the evaluation process as carrying out its intended purpose of improving instruction through professional growth. Principals and teachers viewed the teacher evaluation system and the teacher evaluation rubric, a policy tool designed to facilitate and inform the processes and practices used to improve instruction in their districts and schools, as effective. Important district-level decisions also impacted how principals and teachers perceived the T-TESS. District-level decisions included policy related to frequency of required observations, methods of including student performance data, decisions related whether to issue a single rating or multiple ratings, and evaluation of specialized teachers. School-based leadership behaviors and practices were also found to influence teachers' perceptions related to the effectiveness of teacher evaluation which included a focus on school culture, leadership style employed, evaluation training, and use of the evaluation rubric. The findings of this study have implications for policy decisions, district-leadership decisions, and school-based leadership practice related to teacher evaluation, both in Texas as well as the nation.

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Gabriel, R., Amber N. Warren, and Natalia Ward. "The Observation Tools We Have and Those We Need: Contrasts in Read-Aloud Practices from Classrooms Rated Highly Effective by Different Rubrics." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5942.

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The purpose of this study is to compare features of read-alouds from fourth grade classrooms that have been identified as very high-performing using contrasting rubrics for classroom observations, including an English/Language Arts-specific rubric, a general rubric designed for 4th-8th grade classrooms, and a general rubric designed for all subjects and grades. We draw on analytic tools from conversation analysis (Sacks, 1992) and positioning theory (Davies & Harré, 1990) to conduct a micro-analysis of instructional interactions during read-alouds in order to identify similarities and differences among read-alouds from exemplary classrooms across these three different rubric rating systems. In doing so we discuss the implications of each rubric as a guide for shaping specific instructional practices.

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Linna, Anja. "Urban Caring : Finding creative strategies for care-full architectural practices in Norra Sorgenfri, Malmö." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129307.

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With its starting point in social and community building activities of everyday life, this project seeks a complex understanding of a former industrial site in Malmö - Norra Sorgenfri - its past, present and possible futures. Critical and participatory mappings, speculations, policy making and small-scale interventions are part of the produced material that circulate around the feminist ethics of care, and how it can inform a socially aware architectural practice. The site, a celebrated regeneration project, produces an interstice in relation to the more controlled urban fabric surrounding it. It is more open to diverse modes of occupation and use, accommodating activities and groups that otherwise have a hard time to make a space for themselves in the city. I argue that a feminist ethics of care enables designers and involved participants to make a complex engagement with places. Care can help us to redefine the role of the architect and to alter architectural practice. In the 1980:s Carol Gilligan introduced care as an attached way of human connection, requiring listening and understanding differences and needs. In this light, I define a design practice where sustainability is understood in relation to responsibility and actions oriented towards other people. Urban caring is about carefully seeing and using what is here; the small-scale and subtle that might go unnoticed in planning/architectural projects. My proposals contain how to read, care-fully observe, interpret and act - as an urban-caretaker. Among the design proposals and methods are: critical mapping as a central participatory task, a manual of care as part of the mapping and from an intimate understanding of the site, a series of design tests -strategies, policy making and small-scale interventions- , a manifesto that suggests ways for this knowledge to be transferred to other sites, and the interactive map a care-full companion. Urban caring offers an open-ended process, enabling the site to develop in a number of directions. My role has not been to over-determine what the outcome might be, but instead to facilitate tools of enabling positive change toward possible futures. Projektet strävar efter en komplex förståelse av ett före-detta industriområde i Malmö - Norra Sorgenfri. Det handlar om nya sätt för arkitekter och planerare att arbeta med en känslig plats: att ta hand om existerande egenskaper och villkor, platsens historier och möjliga framtider, samt inte minst de viktiga roller som sociala och samhörighetsskapande vardagsaktiviteter spelar i Norra Sorgenfri idag. Tesen som jag driver är att en feministisk omsorgsetik (ethics of care på engelska) kan möjliggöra ett hållbart engagemang med en plats, mer specifikt här ett industriområde med ett rikt småskaligt kulturliv, och på så sätt forma en socialt ansvarstagande urban praktik. Norra Sorgenfri är ett hyllat urbant utvecklingsprojekt och utgör ett ”mellanrum” i relation till den omgivande mer kontrollerade stadsstrukturen. Platsen är mer öppen för olika användningssätt och ackommoderar aktiviteter och grupper av människor som annars kan ha svårt att göra sin röst hörd i staden. Med hjälp av konceptet care (omsorg) kan arkitektens roll och arkitekturfältet omdefinieras till att bli mer inkluderande och deltagande i samhällsförändringar. På 1980-talet introducerade feministiska etikern Carol Gilligan omsorg som ett mer empatiskt sätt att relatera till andra människor, med fokus på lyssnande och förståelse för skillnader och behov. I detta ljus definierar jag en arkitekturpraktik där hållbarhet förstås utifrån ansvar och handlingar gentemot andra människor. Urban caring handlar om att omsorgsfullt se och använda det som finns här; det småskaliga och subtila som riskerar att gå obemärkt förbi i arkitektur- och planeringsprojekt. Mina förslag innehåller metoder för att läsa, omsorgsfullt observera, tolka och agera – som en urban caretaker. Bland förslagen finns: kritiska kartläggningar som ett centralt sätt att arbeta med deltagandeprocesser, en omsorgsmanual (manual of care) som en del av kartläggningen och utifrån en ingående förståelse av platsen, en serie av designtest – strategier och småskaliga interventioner, ett manifest som föreslår hur kunskapen från detta projekt kan överföras till andra platser, och den interaktiva kartan en omsorgsfull följeslagare (care-full companion).

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Schwartz, Lisa. "Forming A Collaborative Model For Appropriating Youth Practices And Digital Tools For New Literacies Development With Latino High School Students And Teachers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202715.

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Youth experiences with digital technologies demonstrate untapped potential for informing school-based learning responsive to adolescent identity and socialization practices (Ito et al., 2008). This study presents the formation of a collaborative model for appropriating youth and digital practices for developing new literacies with high school students in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands (New London Group, 1996). The research incorporates diversity in technology access and participation of predominately Latino students in English classrooms as a resource to engage literacy development across multiple discursive domains and challenge deficit discourses for Latino youth.The participatory approach combines interventionist research, in the cultural historical tradition of expansive learning (Engeström, 1987) with ethnographic methods for informing curricular practice (González, Moll,&Amanti, 2005; Lee, 2007) and new literacies pedagogy stressing collaborative, critical, and multimodal semiosis infused with Freirian praxis (Coiro et al., 2008; Freire, 1999; Lemke, 2003). Research involved co-developing, co-teaching and daily participant observation within the multiple online and offline spaces of a high school writing course, a weekly after school club begun with students from the class and several additional classrooms. A variety of data illustrates tensions and synergies of migrating practices across systems of activity represented by teacher, researcher and student standpoints. The research maps how socio-spatial relationships among academic and youth discourses, modalities, and participants' classroom positions were reconfigured through the use of digital tools joined with pedagogies responsive to adolescents' social and digital practices.An afterschool group's wiki participation extended students' oral and visual literacies into written expression and gave other participants a model of collaborative practice to guide classroom interaction. Engaging familiar and new tools for inquiries based on youth interests and complementary analytical concepts emphasized the primacy of the social and pedagogical aspects of technology. Students' agency in theorizing identity and developing representational spaces (Lefebvre, 1991) emerged as a key mediator for expanding their literacies across personal and academic contexts. In the collaborative process, participants forged new, hybrid genres, audiences and identities for distributing and developing their literacy practices across false dichotomies of home/school and online/offline spaces, and for reconfiguring normative school literacy regimes.

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Zank, Cláudia. "Criticidade na educação profissional : prática e ferramentas dialógicas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/153030.

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A presente tese tem por objetivo investigar junto a professores da educação profissional o desenvolvimento de criticidade a partir de práticas pedagógicas que utilizam as ferramentas fórum e editor de texto coletivo. O estudo se desenvolveu sobre uma base composta de quatro eixos: humanismo, crítica, educação profissional e recursos tecnológicos. O foco do primeiro eixo está na educação humanista. O segundo eixo dá destaque às diferentes compreensões de crítica que perpassam a história. O cenário da educação profissional é o foco do terceiro eixo. No quarto eixo são tratados os recursos tecnológicos, com ênfase nas ferramentas fórum e editor de texto coletivo. A pesquisa é desenvolvida em uma abordagem qualitativa a partir da estratégia de pesquisa estudo de caso. Com o fim de coletar dados, foram realizados três cursos de extensão na modalidade semipresencial. As fontes de pesquisa utilizadas foram: entrevista e observações das ações e dos registros dos sujeitos participantes da pesquisa nas ferramentas fórum, editor de texto coletivo e editor de texto Word. O estudo mostra que o entendimento de crítica é uma construção que envolve a inserção de três aspectos: sentido político, função de julgamento, e análise, questionamento e reflexão. Estes aspectos, em diferentes graus e formas, já estavam presentes na compreensão dos sujeitos acerca de crítica. Contudo, as evidências indicam que as práticas pedagógicas dialógicas podem ter contribuído para a inserção de novos elementos. Com relação a um alinhamento com as concepções hegemônicas e contra-hegemônicas, os dados apontam três diferentes possibilidades: professores que apresentam traços de uma e outra concepção; professores com discurso mais alinhado à concepção hegemônica; e professores com discurso mais alinhado à concepção contra-hegemônica. A pesquisa indica ainda que o modelo de competências e o viés utilitarista da educação profissional estão naturalizados, ou seja, são aceitos e não questionados, contribuindo para que a concepção hegemônica mostre sua força e presença na educação. Os dados confirmam o caráter dialógico das ferramentas fórum e editor de texto coletivo, e indicam que, devido as suas diferentes características, podem ser utilizadas com diferentes propósitos e em diferentes momentos das práticas pedagógicas. O estudo conclui que se desenvolve criticidade na medida em que elementos/aspectos que compõem um entendimento de crítica se inserem na compreensão e nas ações dos sujeitos até o ponto em que crítica seja transformadora da realidade. Assim, o fato de não haver evidências de uma fase inicial de criticização pode sugerir que a criticidade pode ser desenvolvida em diferentes contextos, inclusive os educacionais, mas não somente. Para esta pesquisa, havendo a intenção docente, práticas pedagógicas dialógicas que utilizem o fórum e editor de texto coletivo podem contribuir para que aspectos de crítica se insiram na compreensão e na ação crítica dos alunos. A ausência destas práticas em contexto de educação profissional pode, por outro lado, contribuir para a perpetuação de uma hegemonia que mantém seus interesses por meio de um professor, uma escola e um aluno não críticos. The present Ph.D. dissertation aims to investigate, alongside teachers of professional education, the development of criticality from teaching practices that employ tools such as forum and collective text editor. This research is conducted upon four branches: humanism, criticism, professional education, and technological resources. The focus of the first branch lies on the humanistic education. The second branch sheds lights on the different interpretations concerning criticism throughout history. The context of professional education is the point of the third branch. In the fourth branch, technological resources are addressed, with emphasis on tools such as forum and collective text editor. This inquiry is carried out from a qualitative approach based on the research strategy known as case study. Three extension courses in blended mode have been offered with the purpose of data collection. The research sources that have been utilized were interviews and observations of the actions and records related to the subjects participating in the study in the following tools: forum, collective text editor and Word text editor. The exploration shows that the understanding of criticism is a construction involving three aspects: political sense, judgment function, and analysis, questioning and reflection. When it comes to the awareness of criticism, theses aspects had already been conceived by the subjects to certain degrees and forms. Nevertheless, evidence indicates that dialogic teaching practices may have contributed to the insertion of new elements. Regarding an alignment with hegemonic and counter-hegemonic conceptions, the data reveal three different possibilities: teachers who have traits of one and other conception; teachers whose discourse is more aligned to the hegemonic conception; and teachers whose discourse is more aligned to the counter-hegemonic conception. This study demonstrates that the competency model and the utilitarian perspective of professional teaching are naturalized. In other words, they are accepted and not questioned, optimizing the force and presence of the hegemonic conception towards education. The data also confirm the dialogic character of the previously mentioned tools, forum and collective text editor, and signal that they may be utilized for different purposes and on diverse moments of the teaching practices due to their various features. This research remarks that criticality is developed as the elements/aspects composing an understanding of criticism are included in the comprehension and actions of the subjects until criticism transforms reality. Thus, the fact that there is no evidence of an introductory phase of criticalization may suggest that criticality can be developed in different contexts, including the educational framework, but not only this one. In terms of the present study, given pedagogical purposes, dialogic teaching practices that employ forum and collective text editor may enable criticism aspects to be inserted in the comprehension and critical action of students. The absence of such practices in a professional education context might, on the other hand, strengthen the perpetuation of a hegemony that keeps its interests by means of noncritical teachers, schools and students.

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SINGH, MANPRIETKAUR. "CRITICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE ADAPTATION OF SUSTAINABLE FARM PRACTICES PROMOTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/17924.

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. This study is about the on-ground implementation of sustainable farm practices supported by policies and directives that form the core of the European Union’s sustainability policy. Its goal is to identify the blockers to effective policy implementation in order to improve the approach to sustainability in the agricultural sector. Exploring ways to engage local stakeholders in farm sustainability has been central to create a holistic understanding about the processes that drive practices in agriculture systems, and the extent to which these processes can be transformed. Sustainability in agriculture is a broad topic, hence this study focuses on one segment of sustainability namely the use and management of water resources in irrigated agriculture. The study’s final recommendations to improve policy design and interventions, however, are general and apply to the implementation of all sustainable farm practices. Practical effectiveness of EU policies and directives for sustainable agriculture is constrained by: a lack of evaluating criteria to measure policy impact and communicate progress; incentives for growers to commit to more than the minimum required, and continuous local renegotiation of proposed measures and programmes which have contributed to a weakening of initial policy proposals. This study demonstrates that policies serve different purposes for different people at different social and political levels. However, sustainability comes into practice on the farm, which is why farmers’ perspective about a sustainable agricultural sector and the proposed voluntary and mandatory policy measures is so important. Farmers’ perspectives are still missing elements in policy design for sustainable agriculture. Co-developing and testing technologies that are meant to deliver sustainability in practice, as well as farm decision support tools, are critical in engaging farmers and other local stakeholders in sustainability and to transform embedded practices and institutions. Collaboration across disciplines is also important to address environmental goals and farmers’ needs in order to extract substantial environmental benefits as well as a long term commitment from land managers in sustainability. This study shows that there are many insights to be gained and learnings to be extracted from scrutinizing policy interventions. It raises awareness about improving policy implementation by providing practical examples from case studies conducted in Spain and in Italy. These insights encourage the use of interdisciplinary approaches, including socio-technical approaches, for an integrated people and technology based perspective on natural resource management to better policy design and interventions and make sustainable agriculture real.

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SINGH, MANPRIETKAUR. "CRITICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE ADAPTATION OF SUSTAINABLE FARM PRACTICES PROMOTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/17924.

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. This study is about the on-ground implementation of sustainable farm practices supported by policies and directives that form the core of the European Union’s sustainability policy. Its goal is to identify the blockers to effective policy implementation in order to improve the approach to sustainability in the agricultural sector. Exploring ways to engage local stakeholders in farm sustainability has been central to create a holistic understanding about the processes that drive practices in agriculture systems, and the extent to which these processes can be transformed. Sustainability in agriculture is a broad topic, hence this study focuses on one segment of sustainability namely the use and management of water resources in irrigated agriculture. The study’s final recommendations to improve policy design and interventions, however, are general and apply to the implementation of all sustainable farm practices. Practical effectiveness of EU policies and directives for sustainable agriculture is constrained by: a lack of evaluating criteria to measure policy impact and communicate progress; incentives for growers to commit to more than the minimum required, and continuous local renegotiation of proposed measures and programmes which have contributed to a weakening of initial policy proposals. This study demonstrates that policies serve different purposes for different people at different social and political levels. However, sustainability comes into practice on the farm, which is why farmers’ perspective about a sustainable agricultural sector and the proposed voluntary and mandatory policy measures is so important. Farmers’ perspectives are still missing elements in policy design for sustainable agriculture. Co-developing and testing technologies that are meant to deliver sustainability in practice, as well as farm decision support tools, are critical in engaging farmers and other local stakeholders in sustainability and to transform embedded practices and institutions. Collaboration across disciplines is also important to address environmental goals and farmers’ needs in order to extract substantial environmental benefits as well as a long term commitment from land managers in sustainability. This study shows that there are many insights to be gained and learnings to be extracted from scrutinizing policy interventions. It raises awareness about improving policy implementation by providing practical examples from case studies conducted in Spain and in Italy. These insights encourage the use of interdisciplinary approaches, including socio-technical approaches, for an integrated people and technology based perspective on natural resource management to better policy design and interventions and make sustainable agriculture real.

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Abrahams, Narzeen. "A study to determine the perception of people analytics tools to improve people management practices in selected departments within the public sector in the Western Cape." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7401.

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Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS) People analytics refer to people-related, data-driven, processes (e.g. trend analyses and data management) aimed at describing and evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of people management practices and processes in support of business outcomes in order to inform and improve people management initiatives and performance as well as business decision making.

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Isaksson, Sarah. "Social media in the Swedish EFL classroom : An empirical study on Swedish English teachers’ attitudes and practices regarding social media." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-33808.

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Social media is a large part of Swedish adolescents’ lives. As such, social media is also prevalent in Swedish upper secondary schools. Some international research has shown positive outcomes from the use of social media as a learning tool in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom, such as higher student motivation. However, there are no recent equivalent studies in Sweden. Teachers’ attitudes have also been researched, also in a Swedish context. The aim of this study is twofold: to explore EFL teachers’ attitudes, as well as their practices, regarding social media as a learning tool. A web-questionnaire was constructed and subsequently answered by 20 random EFL teachers in Swedish upper secondary schools. The findings show that participants have positive attitudes toward using social media platforms in their teaching. It was also found that participants do indeed use social media, as well as many other tools, in their teaching, and use it for many different purposes. The findings suggest there needs to be more research into how social media platforms could, should, and are being used in Swedish EFL classrooms.

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Hodari, Demian. "Strategy tools-in-practice : contextual factors and practical use." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2599/.

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Schutte, Marietjie. "Utilisation of Social Media tools to enhance knowledge sharing practices among knowledge workers at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology in Arusha, Tanzania." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62108.

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It is vital for knowledge workers to utilise social media tools to enhance knowledge sharing practices and the adoption of these collaborative tools in higher learning institutions. This study investigated the extent to which social media tools are utilised to enhance knowledge sharing practices among knowledge workers at Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) in Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania. The study conducted semi-structured interview with the NM-AIST library staff and Information and Communication Technology Resource Centre (ICT-RC) personnel in 2014. The study found that, the utilisation of social media tools to enhance knowledge sharing among knowledge workers is still in its early stages in higher learning institutions in Tanzania. However, there was much interest amongst respondents for integrating and utilising social media tools to support knowledge sharing in higher learning institutions. The findings indicated that: social media tools can be used to enhance knowledge sharing practices; however, face to face mechanism, Google Mail, and Google Drive were indicated as main mechanisms to enhance knowledge sharing practices in higher learning institutions. Knowledge workers at the NM-AIST shared knowledge to facilitate teaching and learning activities, research and innovation; however knowledge sharing practices occur when needs arise. The study revealed the lack of knowledge sharing culture documented at the NM-AIST. The study has recommended the following: proper training for knowledge workers, employment of skilled and experienced knowledge workers, provision of full support (motivation), provide support to individual users. Application of social media tools which are very familiar and simple to use, establishment of a good relationship between knowledge workers and the management, as well as with schools and departments in higher learning institutions. Additionally, the study recommends the provision of adequate social media tools to facilitate knowledge diffusion within institutions. Mini Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2013. Information Science MIT Unrestricted

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Barås, Madeleine. "Assessing the environmental sustainability of an apparel supply chain : the development of a conceptual model based on a comparative study of preferred tools and actual practices." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172076.

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The apparel and textile industry is one of the largest in the world and is characterised by complex, global supply chains, water and chemical intensive processes as well as environmentally harmful raw material extraction and production. Because of this, environmental sustainability has become a key issue for the businesses in recent years. With this in mind, and considering an increasing demand for textile and apparel goods, the industry is in urgent need of improving the environmental footprint of its products. However, lack of transparency and available data throughout apparel supply chains decrease chances of producing accurate sustainability assessments, which in turn obstruct improvement measures. Moreover, companies often lack the in-house competence required to manage and create strategies for sustainability assessments. In this study an overview of an apparel supply chain is provided, highlighting phases, sub phases, input and environmental indicators. Appropriate tools for assessing the environmental sustainability of such a supply chain are inventoried and examined. Based on a case study, a literature review and a stakeholder opinion assessment, misalignments between actual practices within an apparel company and recommended practices of the researcher and stakeholder communities are uncovered. These identified misalignments enabled the development of a conceptual model, aiming at facilitating the process of developing an environmental sustainability assessment strategy within an apparel company.

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Eder, Samuel. "Práticas de gerenciamento de projetos de escopo e tempo nas perspectivas das abordagens ágil e tradicional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-23092012-220004/.

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A teoria de gerenciamento de projetos (GP) tem sido alvo de proposições de novas abordagens, como o gerenciamento ágil de projetos (GAP), resultando em novas práticas, técnicas e ferramentas, ainda pouco identificadas e caracterizadas quanto ao seu uso. Não há definições precisas e instrumentos que possam distinguir o uso por problemas como nomenclaturas e falta de identificação de características observáveis. Isso diminui a qualidade das pesquisas na área. Visando preencher essa lacuna, descrevem-se as práticas de gerenciamento de projetos existentes, classificando-as em termos de abordagem de gerenciamento de projetos empregada (tradicional e ágil), de forma a permitir a identificação da abordagem utilizada por uma organização. Restringiu-se o problema aos temas escopo e tempo em virtude do tamanho significativo da teoria. Para isso, empregaram-se os métodos de Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática e do estudo multicasos do tipo incorporado em empresas de excelência em gestão de projetos. Foram analisadas duas empresas que assumem adotar abordagem tradicional e ágil respectivamente. O resultado apresenta a lista de práticas identificadas na literatura e um referencial do tipo inventário, possibilitando a identificação das práticas em empresas reais e sua categorização quanto à abordagem utilizada. A análise das práticas empregadas permitiu também identificar as características essenciais que distinguem as duas abordagens: plano de projeto em duas etapas; uso de desafios e metáforas para delimitar o escopo; a ausência de sequenciamentos de atividades; detalhamento de cronograma em intervalos de tempo pré-estabelecidos (iteração); controle do andamento a partir de resultados concretos e; controle do escopo com priorização periódica pelo cliente. Tal resultado contribui para os estudos sobre o tema. O inventário proposto e os resultados encontrados permitem que os pesquisadores da área avaliem o gerenciamento ágil de projetos de maneira mais consistente, aprimorando as pesquisas na área. The theory of project management (PM) has been target of propositions new approaches such as agile project management (APM), resulting in practices, techniques and tools, still little identified and characterized as their use. There aren\'t precise definitions and instruments which can distinguish the use of problems such as lack of identification classifications and the observable characteristics. This reduces quality research in the area. Aiming to fill this gap, we describe the management practices of existing projects, classifying them in terms of project management approach applied (traditional and agile), to allow the identification of the approach used by an organization. It was restricted the problem to the scope and time themes because of significant size of theory. For this reason, employed the methods of systematic literature review and study multicase companies incorporated in the type of excellence in project management. We analyzed two companies that take the traditional approach and adopt agile respectively. The result shows the list of practices identified in the literature and a reference-type inventory, enabling the identification of actual companies and practices in their categorization on the approach used. The analysis of the practices employed also made it possible to identify the essential characteristics that distinguish the two approaches: project plan in two stages, use of metaphors for the challenges and define the scope, the lack of sequencing activities; detailed schedule at intervals pre-established (iteration); tracking progress from concrete results, scope control with periodic prioritization by the client. This result contributes to the studies on the subject. The proposed inventory and the results allow researchers to assess the agile project management more consistently, improving research in the area.

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Santos, Edna Ribeiro dos. "Avaliação da aprendizagem: instrumentos de avaliação utilizados pelos professores nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21720.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-12-12T09:26:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edna Ribeiro dos Santos.pdf: 1627869 bytes, checksum: 480e6e38dcbb171aaaa481dc227d51b8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-12T09:26:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edna Ribeiro dos Santos.pdf: 1627869 bytes, checksum: 480e6e38dcbb171aaaa481dc227d51b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-05 This research investigates the assessment practices developed by teachers of an Elementary School of the Education Municipal Network of São Paulo, specially, the tools used for learning evaluation. The study had as general aim to investigate the evaluation tools used by the teachers; and as specific aims: to identify which evaluation tools are more often registered by the teachers in the Pedagogical Management System (PMS); to obtain information which may be applied in formations about the types of tools and its uses; to propose changes in the way of registering the assessment activities in the PMS. The references supporting this study were: Depresbiteris (1991), Depresbiteris and Tavares (2009), Gatti (2003), Haydt (2002), Santos Guerra (2007), Sousa (1991) and Vianna (2014). The research, with a qualitative approach, had as data collection procedures the semistructurated interview and the document analysis; and as subjects 11 professors which taught in this school in the year of 2017. The results highlight teachers’ declaration of several evaluation kinds, however, in the seeking of the more used tools, it was possible to imply that the exam shows up more often. It was also observed that in the way the evaluation activities suggestions are presented by the Pedagogical Management System – online registration device, it does not contribute for the knowledge and differentiation between these suggestions. Regarding the evaluation registers made by the teachers, it is possible to verify that the difference between the elements and fields presented is not clear, and these registers reveal this confusion, exposing in the same field the evaluation tools as well as the contents evaluated. Thus, the demands to be included in the formations include the knowledge about the assessment tools, its types and the criteria used, and the PMS itself Esta pesquisa investiga as práticas avaliativas desenvolvidas por professores de uma Escola de Ensino Fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo, em especial, os instrumentos utilizados para avaliação da aprendizagem. O estudo teve como objetivo geral investigar os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados pelos professores; e como objetivos específicos: identificar quais são os instrumentos de avaliação registrados com maior frequência pelos professores no Sistema de Gestão Pedagógica (SGP); levantar subsídios para formações sobre os tipos de instrumentos e seus usos; propor mudanças na forma de registro das atividades avaliativas no SGP. As referências que apoiaram esse estudo foram: Depresbiteris (1991), Depresbiteris e Tavares (2009), Gatti (2003), Haydt (2002), Santos Guerra (2007), Sousa (1991) e Vianna (2014). A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, teve como procedimento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise documental; e como sujeitos 11 professores que lecionavam nesta escola no ano de 2017. Os resultados evidenciam que os docentes declararam formas variadas de avaliar, no entanto, ao buscar os instrumentos mais utilizados, foi possível inferir que a prova aparece com maior frequência. Em relação ao Sistema de Gestão Pedagógica – dispositivo de registro on-line, na forma como apresenta as sugestões de atividades avaliativas não contribui com o conhecimento e a distinção entre elas. Quanto aos registros das avaliações realizadas pelos professores é possível verificar que não está evidente a diferença entre os elementos ou campos apresentados, e esses registros acabam por revelar essa confusão, expondo no mesmo campo, ora os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados, ora os conteúdos avaliados. Diante disso, o conhecimento sobre os instrumentos de avaliação, seus tipos e os critérios utilizados, e o próprio SGP, são vistos como demanda para formação

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Bigot, Céline. "Discrimination des fruits issus de l’agriculture biologique par analyse comparative de leurs communautés microbiennes." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSAM0018/document.

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Avec la mondialisation et l'industrialisation de l'alimentation, la fraude et les cas de contamination des aliments peuvent avoir un impact international et entraîner des conséquences de grande envergure à la fois sur l'économie et la santé des consommateurs (Cubero-Leon et al., 2014). La fraude et l'authentification sont donc devenues des sujets émergents dans le secteur alimentaire. D'autant que les fraudes sont de plus en plus sophistiquées pour contourner au mieux les contrôles et donc de plus en plus difficiles à détecter par des analyses classiques. Les aliments issus de l'agriculture biologique (AB ou bio) font d'ailleurs partie des aliments qui risquent le plus de faire l'objet de fraude. Mais la traçabilité des aliments est principalement garantie par des moyens administratifs (règlement UE 178/2002). C'est pourquoi il est nécessaire de recourir à des techniques analytiques avancées pour détecter les produits non-conformes et pour garantir la traçabilité et l'authenticité des aliments, notamment ceux issus de l'AB. Notre étude est basée sur l'hypothèse que les traitements, associés à différents types d'agriculture, ont un impact mesurable sur la microflore des aliments. L'objectif principal était de pouvoir utiliser l'environnement microbien des aliments pour les discriminer en fonction de leur mode de production. La PCR-DGGE, un outil moléculaire d'écologie microbienne, pourrait servir à discriminer les modes de production d'aliments par analyse des profils génétiques des ADNr bactériens et fongiques. L'analyse des profils génétiques microbiens de nectarines, pêches, bananes et de pommes a montré qu'il était possible de différencier les fruits en fonction de leur mode de production. La robustesse de notre méthodologie a été démontrée en comparant les résultats obtenus sur deux années de récolte successives. Létude des variation intra-parcellaires ont également permis de démontrer que les fruits bio pouvaient être différenciés des conventionnels indépendamment de leur position dans la parcelle (centre vs bord) ou encore sur l'arbre. Les différences observées au niveau de la structure des communautés microbiennes étaient donc suffisamment importantes pour conclure que les traitements appliqués ont un impact significatif sur ces communautés. De plus, l'identification des espèces microbiennes obtenues après PCR-DGGE et NGS a révélé que certains groupes microbiens (fongiques et bactériens) pourraient être spécifiques aux aliments bio. Cependant, l'effet terroir est un critère important à prendre en compte dans la mise en place d'un outil d'authentification des aliments bio. Une application sur le terrain serait donc difficile à prévoir si elle est parcelle-spécifique. Cette étude s'inscrit à la base de la mise au point d'un outil analytique qui pourrait permettre de répondre aux besoins des professionnels de l'industrie alimentaire en termes d'authenticité et de sûreté alimentaire, en particulier pour aider les organismes certificateurs à contrôler et authentifier les aliments bio. Cette étude a également permis d'enrichir les connaissances actuelles sur l'écosystème microbien des fruits en fonction des pratiques agricoles Globalization of trades and industrialization of food have increased the occurrence of food fraud. Cases of food contamination now have a global impact and lead to far-reaching consequences both on the economy and the health of consumers (Cubero-Leon et al., 2014). Thus, fraud and authentication became important topics in the food sector. Especially as food frauds are becoming more sophisticated to bypass controls and are therefore more difficult to detect by classical approaches. Organic foods are part of foods that are the most likely to be subject of fraud. But traceability of foods is mainly performed by administrative means (UE Regulation 178/2002). That is why it is necessary to resort advanced analytical techniques to detect non-compliant products and to ensure traceability and authentication of foods, including those from organic agriculture. Our study is based on the hypothesis that treatments associated to various farming types have a measurable impact on food microflora. That is why, the main objective of this study was to use the microbial environment of foods to discriminate them according to their production mode. PCR-DGGE, a molecular tool of microbial ecology, could be used as to discriminate food production modes using bacterial and fungal rDNA profiles. The analysis of microbial genetic profiles of nectarines, peaches, bananas and apples showed that it was possible to differentiate fruits according to their farming types. It was possible to verify the robustness of our methodology by comparing results obtained on two successive harvest years. We estimated also the intra-plot variations and observed that organic apples could be discriminated from conventional ones independently upon their position in the field (centre or border) or even on the tree. The observed differences in microflora between organic and conventional apples were significant enough to conclude that the applied treatments have a significant impact on this microflore. Furthermore, the analysis of DNA sequences obtained from PCR-DGGE and NGS allowed some microbial groups (fungal and bacterial) to be identified as specific to organic foods. However, the “terroir effect” is an important criterion to take into account for the implementation of an authentication tool for organic products. So, an application in the field would be difficult to predict if it is plot-specific. This study constitutes the basis for the development of an analytical tool that could meet the needs of food industry professionals in terms of authenticity and food safety, especially to assist certifying bodies to control and authenticate organic food products. This study enabled also to enrich the existing knowledge on the microbial ecosystem of fruits from different agricultural practices

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Pinheiro, Petrilson Alan 1977. "Práticas colaborativas de escrita por meio de ferramentas da internet = ressignificando a produção textual na escola." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269374.

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Orientador: Inês Signorini Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T06:47:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro_PetrilsonAlan_D.pdf: 1784333 bytes, checksum: d6546971881ae8b02433a241143e4d8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 Resumo: Esta tese de doutorado tem como objetivo descrever e analisar o processo de construção das práticas colaborativas de escrita de um grupo de alunos(as) do Ensino Médio, por meio do uso de algumas ferramentas da internet. Mais especificamente, esta investigação parte da análise de um corpus gerado a partir de um projeto de ensino de um jornal digital escolar desenvolvido numa Escola Estadual no município de Campinas - SP, entre os meses de agosto e dezembro de 2008, junto com um grupo de voluntários composto por dezenove alunos(as) do primeiro e segundo anos do Ensino Médio, e por um professor de língua portuguesa. O projeto de ensino consistia no trabalho colaborativo dos(as) alunos(as) no processo de produção das matérias a serem expostas no jornal online, a partir do uso de duas ferramentas digitais: a conversa instantânea e o correio eletrônico. Por meio do projeto de ensino, foi possível construir o corpus de análise desta pesquisa de doutorado, a partir dos registros gerados de quarenta e sete encontros online via conversa instantânea e de setenta e duas mensagens trocadas via correio eletrônico entre todos os participantes envolvidos na produção das matérias do jornal. Trata-se, portanto, de um tipo de pesquisa qualitativa, situada no campo da Linguística Aplicada, que se caracteriza, mais especificamente, como uma pesquisa-ação, cuja intenção não se restringe apenas a compreender as práticas de produção textual dos(as) discentes envolvidos, mas, sobretudo, a tentar transformá-las. Quanto à base teórica, este trabalho se constitui por meio da relação entre a internet e a construção de conhecimento na contemporaneidade, tomando como referência os construtos teóricos vygotskynianos de aprendizagem, mediação e Zona Proximal de Desenvolvimento; do conceito de andaime (scaffolding), proposto por Bruner el al. (1976); e da noção de Práticas Colaborativas de Escrita. Como dispositivos teórico-analíticos, utilizo ainda a nomenclatura sugerida por Lowry et at. (2004) acerca do processo colaborativo de escrita, que se baseia em: atividades colaborativas de escrita, estratégias colaborativas de escrita, modos de controle de documentos, papéis colaborativos dos participantes e modos colaborativos de escrita. Neste estudo, busco, portanto, mostrar que as práticas colaborativas de escrita se constituem como processos de aprendizagem, que são sempre mediados por artefatos sociais, históricos e culturais diversos. Nesse sentido, é possível afirmar que a internet, como o principal artefato tecnológico atual, propicia muitas ferramentas digitais que podem funcionar como instrumentos de mediação e contribuir para atividades de produção textual, não de forma individual, como, em geral, a escola sempre trabalhou, mas de uma forma que faça com que alunos e professores possam se engajar em práticas colaborativas de escrita efetiva no contexto escolar Abstract: The objective of this doctoral thesis is to describe and analyze the process of construction of the collaborative writing practices of a group of High School students, by means of the use of some Internet tools. More specifically, this investigation starts from the analysis of a corpus generated from a teaching project of a digital school newspaper developed in a State School in the municipality of Campinas - SP, between August and December 2008th, together with a group of volunteers with nineteen students of first and second years of High School, and a teacher of Portuguese language. The teaching project consisted of the collaborative work in the production process of the stories to be published in the online newspaper, by means of the use of two digital tools: the instant messenger and the e-mail. By means of the teaching project, it was possible to construct the analysis corpus of this doctoral research, through the data generated from forty-seven online encounters via the instant messenger and seventy-two messages exchanged via e-mail among the participants involved in the production of the newspaper stories. It is, therefore, a kind of qualitative research, situated in the field of Applied Linguistics, which is characterized more specifically as an action research, whose intention is not only the comprehend the text production practices of the students involved, but, above of all, to try to transform them. As for the theoretical basis, this work is constituted by means of the relationship between Internet and knowledge construction in the contemporaneity, by taking as reference the vygotskian theoretical constructs of learning, mediation and Zone of Proximal Development; the concept of scaffolding, from Bruner et al. (1976); and the notion of Collaborative Writing Practices. As for the theoretical-analytical devices, I also make use of the nomenclature suggested by Lowry et al. (2004) about the collaborative writing process, which is based upon: collaborative writing activities, collaborative writing strategies, collaborative modes of documents, collaborative roles of participants and collaborative writing modes. In the study, I seek to show that collaborative writing practices are constitutive of learning processes, which are always mediated by diverse social, historical and cultural artifacts. In this sense, it is possible to state that Internet, as the main now-a-days technological artifact, provides a lot of digital tools which can work as mediation instruments and contribute for text production activities not in an individual way, as most schools have always worked, but in a way which can make students and teachers engage in effective collaborative writing practices in the school context Doutorado Lingua Materna Doutor em Linguística Aplicada

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Carvalheira, Francisca Castelo Rodrigues de Melo. "Práticas na gestão de projetos agrícolas em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17289.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Projetos O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos no setor agrícola em Portugal. Foram definidas três questões para caracterizar a utilização e o impacto de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos no setor agrícola, em Portugal: Q1. Quais os perfis de adoção de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos, em projetos agrícolas, em Portugal? (Besner & Hobbs, 2012) Q2. Qual o impacto da utilização de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos no sucesso dos projetos agrícolas? (Besner & Hobbs, 2012) Q3. Qual a influência da utilização de fundos públicos na adoção de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos? Foi definida uma abordagem metodológica com o objetivo de responder às três questões. Em seguida passou-se à recolha de dados, através de questionários, e o tratamento dos mesmos. O tratamento dos dados teve como principais métodos estatísticos: - Análise quantitativa - Estatística descritiva; e - Análise quantitativa - Regressões logísticas. Concluiu-se que as ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos ainda não são muito utilizadas em Portugal, por agricultores mais qualificados do que os reportados pelo INE. Não foi possível apurar modelos estatisticamente relevantes que permitam relacionar a utilização de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos com o sucesso dos projetos agrícolas em Portugal. E não foi possível atribuir à utilização de cofinanciamento nos projetos nenhuma influência na adoção de ferramentas e metodologias de gestão de projetos, em agricultura, em Portugal. The aim of the present work was to study the project management practices in the agricultural sector in Portugal. Three questions were defined to characterize the use and impact of project management practices in the agricultural sector in Portugal: Q1. What are the adoption of project management practices profiles in agricultural projects in Portugal? (Besner & Hobbs, 2012) Q2. What is the impact of the use of project management practices in the perception of the success of agricultural projects? (Besner & Hobbs, 2012) Q3. What is the influence of the use of public funds in the adoption of project management practices? After a literature review, a methodological approach was defined in order to answer the three questions. Data analysis had, as main methods: - Descriptive statistics; and - Binominal Logistic Regressions. Then the data was collected, through questionnaires, and processed. It was concluded that the project management practices are still not widely used, in agriculture, in Portugal by more qualified farmers than those reported by INE. It was not possible to establish statistically relevant models to relate the use of tools and project management methodologies to the success of agricultural projects in Portugal. And it was not possible to attribute to the use of co-financing in the projects no influence on the adoption of project management practices in agriculture in Portugal. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Feltham, Francis Gerard. "Design for the Felt-Auditory Dimension: relationships, tools and strategies to sensitise somatic design practices to the felt-effort qualities and features of walking on pressure-mediated sound-generating surfaces." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20345.

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There is a growing interest in somatic approaches to support the design of movement-based technologies in Human-Computer Interaction. Somatic approaches, that focus on bodily movement awareness, can provide rich first-person accounts of movement experience to inform design. Recent research has used interactive sound as feedback on the qualities of movement to raise kinaesthetic awareness using somatic approaches. However, most of these approaches have concentrated on developing technologies and algorithms to extract movement features without really combining with the essence of movement from the felt, first-person perspective to inform design. This thesis proposes the Felt-Auditory dimension that combines first-person perspectives with movement data features to frame design processes. This thesis specifically examines walking with pressure-sensitive sound-generating surfaces and it asks two questions to examine the Felt-Auditory dimension, 1. What are suitable theories of movement and sound to facilitate an understanding of designing for movement-to-sound relationships? 2. What are the appropriate tools and strategies for designers to use in exploring the mappings between first-person felt efforts, computationally sensed data and sound synthesis to support kinaesthetic awareness? The Felt-Auditory dimension is both a theoretical position on the relationships made, and a sensitising resource for the practice of design for first-person movement-to-sound relationships. It consists of two main findings as a contribution to aesthetically motivated Sonic Interaction Design. The first finding is that Felt-Auditory relationships between walking movement on pressure mediated sound generating surfaces consist of emergent rhythms and continuous trajectories. The second is that Felt-Auditory tools and strategies require methods of visualisation to focus first-person perspectives with movement data features to frame design processes with sound synthesis and auditory display.

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Pescim, Guilherme Favoreto. "Modelo de maturidade para implantação da Produção mais Limpa (P+L) nas empresas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-04122017-101233/.

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A Produção mais Limpa (P+L) é uma abordagem preventiva de gestão ambiental destinada a reduzir a poluição na fonte. Apesar dos casos de sucesso, a literatura indica algumas barreiras que tem dificultado a implantação da P+L nas empresas. Entre essas barreiras estão o fato de sua aplicação ser pontual e pouco integrada à gestão das empresas e a falta de informações detalhadas e sistematizadas sobre práticas que podem ser aplicadas no processo de implantação da P+L. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é introduzir um Modelo de Maturidade de Produção mais Limpa para apoiar a implantação de produção mais limpa nas empresas. O Modelo de Maturidade proposto é composto por três elementos: Estágios de Maturidade, Práticas de Produção mais Limpa e Método de Aplicação para melhoria contínua. Para isso, uma revisão da literatura foi realizada com objetivo de identificar as principais dimensões de evolução em Produção mais Limpa e sistematizar práticas, técnicas e ferramentas de P+L que foram incluídas como parte do modelo. Além disso, a primeira versão do Modelo foi submetida à avaliação de especialistas com objetivo de melhorar sua descrição e consistência. Os principais benefícios que o modelo oferece tanto para área acadêmica como para as empresas são a sistematização do conhecimento sobre Produção mais Limpa, um conjunto de práticas, técnicas e ferramentas e um guia simplificado e visual para avaliar a condição atual e definir metas futuras para avançar na implantação da P+L. Cleaner Production (CP) is a preventive environmental management approach aimed at reducing pollution at source. Despite the success stories, the literature indicates barriers that difficults the implementation of CP into companies. Among these barriers are the fact that the CP application is timely and poorly integrated with the management of companies and the lack of detailed and systematized information on practices that can be applied in the CP implementation process. The main objective of this work is to introduce a Cleaner production Maturity Model to support the implementation of cleaner production into companies. The Cleaner Production Maturity Model proposed is composed of three elements: Maturity stages, Cleaner Production Practices and Application Method for continuous improvement. For this, a literature review was conducted to identify the main evolution dimensions on cleaner production adoption and systematize CP practices, techniques and tools that were included into the model framework. Moreover the first version of Cleaner Production Maturity Model was submitted to experts evaluation in order to improve the framework description and consistency. The main benefits the model provides both to academic and business areas is a systamatization of cleaner production knowledge, a set of practices, techniques and tools and a simplified and visual guide to evaluate current condition and define future goals to advance the CP implementation into a company.

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Etelhag, Felix, and Jonas Åström. "Effektivisering av delprocessen utleveranser : Ett förbättringsarbete på Gotlandssnus AB." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353878.

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Gotlandssnus AB är en industriell organisation som producerar tobaksprodukten snus och det nikotinfria alternativet Qvitt. Företaget har sedan starten 2004 haft en snabb tillväxt och det övergripande kvalitetsarbetet har blivit lidande. Delprocessen utleveranser bedömdes efter genomförd förstudie vara i behov av förbättring då medarbetarna upplevde att processen innehöll onödiga och tidskrävande moment. Syftet med studien var att ta fram ett förbättringsförslag för verkligt test inklusive implementeringsplan för delprocessen utleveranser. Frågeställningar som använts i studien är (1) Hur kan processen för utleveranser förbättras? (2) Leder föreslagna åtgärder till en förbättring? (3) Kan värderingar, arbetssätt och verktyg från offensiv kvalitetsutveckling tillämpas i förbättringsarbetet av processen för utleveranser? Den teoretiska bakgrunden visar att offensiv kvalitetsutveckling kan beskrivas som en kombination av värderingar, arbetssätt och verktyg som samverkar för att aktivt förebygga kvalitetsbrister och främja arbetet med ständig förbättring istället för att kontrollera och reparera uppkomna brister. Arbetssättet DMAIC har legat till grund för föbättringsarbetet där fokusgruppsmöten, semistrukturerade intervjuer, observationer har använts för att samla in kvalitativa data. För insamling av kvantitativa data har orderhistorik inhämtats och en tidsstudie har genomförts för att kunna basera beslut på fakta. Insamlad data har analyserats genom kvalitetstekniska verktyg. Resultatet visar att (1) Det upplevda problemt med delprocessen var ineffektiva moment där momentet etikettering visade sig vara mest tidskrävande samt ansågs vara dubbelarbete. I delprocessen produktion fanns redan ett etiketteringsmoment som var möjligt att förändra och därmed flytta momentet från delprocessen utleveranser. (2) Förbättringen resulterade i en ökad effektivitet i delprocessen utleveranser utan att påverka effektiviteten i delprocessen produktion. (3) Arbetsättet DMAIC har skapat en systematisk arbetsgång i förbättringsarbetet med hjälp av värderingar som varit vägledande. Verktyg har skapat förutsättningar för definiering av problem, mätning, analys och förbättring. Gotlandssnus AB is an industrial organization that produces tobacco product snus and the nicotine-free option Qvitt. The company has experienced rapid growth since 2004 and qualitywork has been affected. After completion of a preliminary study, the subprocess deliveries was considered to be in need of improvement. The employees felt that the process consisted of unnecessary and time-consuming moments. The purpose of the study was to develop an improvement proposal for test including an implementation plan for the subprocess deliveries. Questions used in the study was (1) How can the subprocess delivery be improved? (2) Are proposed actions lead to improvment? (3) Can values, practices and tools from offensive quality development be applied in the improvement work of the subprocess deliveries? The theoretical background shows that offensive quality development can be described as a combination of values, practices and tools that work together to actively prevent quality shortages and promote continuous improvement efforts, instead of controlling and repairing. The DMAIC approach has provided the basis for the improvement work, where focus group meetings, semistructured interviews and observations have been used to collect qualitative data. For the collection of quantitative data, order history has been obtained and a time study has been conducted to base decisions on facts. The collected data has been analyzed using quality tools. The result shows that (1) The perceived problem with the subprocess was ineffective moments where the moment of labeling proved to be most time consuming and was considered duplication. In the subprocess production there was already a labeling moment that was possible to change. The moment could therefore be moved from subprocess deliveries to subprocess production. (2) The improvement resulted in increased efficiency in the subprocess deliveries without affecting the efficiency in the subprocess production. (3) The practic method DMAIC has created a systematic workflow in the improvement work using values that have been guiding. Tools have created the conditions for defining problems, measurement, analysis and improvement.

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Carvalho, Marcelo. "Aplicação de práticas, métodos e ferramentas ágeis na gestão de portfólio de projetos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173183.

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A utilização de uma gestão de portfólio de projetos permite que as empresas possam se adaptar rapidamente frente as turbulências advindas do ambiente interno e externo e com isso, possam rearranjar os projetos para que estes estejam alinhados com estratégia da organização. Entretanto, o modelo tradicional de gerenciamento de portfólio possui procedimentos que não seguem necessariamente essa característica de agilidade e adaptação. Na maioria das vezes os procedimentos são pouco visíveis, extensos e poucas vezes são interativos ou divulgados por todos os níveis hierárquicos das organizações. Dessa maneira o propósito deste trabalho é a aplicação de práticas, métodos e ferramentas ágeis na gestão de portfólio de projetos. Para isto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a análise crítica do modelo tradicional por 7 especialistas da área e desenvolvimento de um modelo com base na análise das respostas das entrevistas por três especialistas sendo 2 da área acadêmica e 1 profissional da área. Os principais resultados revelam, que a existe uma escassez de trabalhos referentes a utilização de ferramentas ágeis em gestão de portfólio de projetos e na percepção dos entrevistados, a aplicação de práticas, métodos e ferramentas ágeis atende o quesito de gestão visual, melhor interação entre as equipes de trabalho, democratização da informação relativa à tomada de decisão e ferramentas alinhadas com a proposição ágil. The use of project portfolio management allows companies to adapt quickly to the turbulence arising from the internal and external environment and with that, can rearrange the projects so that they are aligned with the organization's strategy. However, the traditional portfolio management model has procedures that do not necessarily follow this characteristic of agility and adaptation. Most of the time the procedures are barely visible, extensive and are rarely interactive or disseminated by all hierarchical levels of organizations. In this way, the purpose of this work is the incorporation of agile practices, methods and tools in project portfolio management. For this, a systematic review of the literature, the critical analysis of the traditional model by 7 specialists of the area and the development of a model based on the analysis of the answers of the interviews by three specialists were carried out, being 2 of the academic area and 1 professional of the area. The main results show that there is a shortage of work related to the use of agile tools in project portfolio management and the perception of the interviewees, the incorporation of agile practices, methods and tools attends to the question of visual management, better interaction between work teams, democratization of decision-making information and tools aligned with the agile proposition.

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Grégoire, Stéphanie. "The dialectical tools : theory and practice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0016/NQ47571.pdf.

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Tesniere, Germain. "Arrangements institutionnels à l’ère de la génomique : une approche comparative des régimes et des instruments de sélection animale dans trois pays européens." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM058/document.

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Depuis les années 2000, le développement de la génomique, permettant une connaissance étendue de l’ADN des êtres vivants, transforme la façon dont ceux-ci sont évalués, sélectionnés (sélection génomique des plantes et animaux) et mis en marché. Couplée à des changements politiques et règlementaires, cette technologie contribue à faire évoluer les arrangements institutionnels dans le champ étudié ici de l’amélioration génétique animale, aussi bien au niveau des dispositifs nationaux que des pratiques des acteurs. La libéralisation en cours questionne notamment la dimension collective de la production du progrès génétique et les droits de propriétés sur les ressources génétiques. Dans une perspective comparative entre la France, l’Irlande et les Pays-Bas, cette thèse a pour objectif d’analyser la pluralité des arrangements institutionnels établis dans le champ de la sélection génomique de la race bovine Holstein. Elle mobilise les évolutions récentes de la théorie néo-institutionnelle s’intéressant à l’hétérogénéité organisationnelle et à la matérialité des institutions. Premièrement, elle met en évidence trois régimes institutionnels qui révèlent des arrangements différents notamment entre organisations publiques et privées. Deuxièmement, cette diversité d’arrangements est précisée par l’analyse des instruments contractuels entre entreprises de sélection et éleveurs via des modèles d’organisation de la production et des échanges de ressources génétiques (sous leurs formes biologiques et informationnelles). Ces modèles illustrent la diversité des formes de propriété dont ces ressources génétiques font l’objet entre éleveurs et entreprises et, montrent que les rôles respectifs de ces acteurs sont redéfinis. Ces résultats permettent de mieux comprendre le développement d’une logique libérale (Pays-Bas) en dualité avec le renforcement (Irlande) ou la fragilisation (France) d’une logique coopérative de production du progrès génétique Since the early 2000s, the development of genomics, which enables extensive knowledge of the DNA of living entities, has transformed the way in which living entities are evaluated, selected (genomic selection of plants and animals) and marketed. Coupled with political and regulatory changes, this technology contributes to modify the national institutional arrangements in the targeted field of animal genetic improvement, practices of actors. The current liberalization process questions both the collective dimension of genetic progress and the property rights of the genetic resources. In a comparative perspective between France, Ireland and The Netherlands, the objective of this thesis is to analyze the plurality of institutional arrangements pertaining to the Holstein cattle breed’s genomic selection. This thesis is situated within the recent evolutions of the neo-institutional theory focused on organizational heterogeneity and materiality of institutions. Firstly, it highlights three institutional regimes that reveal different arrangements particularly between public and private organizations. Secondly, this diversity of arrangements is completed by an analysis of contractual tools between breeding companies and animal breeders through models of production strategies and exchanges related to genetic resources (both biological and informational forms). These models emphasize a variety of property forms of genetic resources between companies and breeders and also show that actors’ roles in genetic selection activities are redefined. These results provide a better understanding of the development of a liberal logic (The Netherlands) in duality with the reinforcement (Ireland) or weakening (France) of a cooperative logic for the production of improved animal genetics

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Bernetière, Camille. "L’introduction d'outils numériques dans les offices de tourisme : Énonciations spatiales et pratiques des conseillers." Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG1164/document.

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L’émergence d’un contexte concurrentiel fort entre les destinations amène les offices de tourisme à se démarquer pour gagner leur place de dispositifs communicationnels d’informations touristiques. Ce mémoire de thèse défend l’idée que les stratégies spatio-communicationnelles mises en œuvre au sein des offices de tourisme équipés d’outils numériques jouent un rôle déterminant sur les pratiques des conseillers en séjour. Ces stratégies mettent en scène dans l’espace les quatre composants fondamentaux d’un office de tourisme : le territoire, le savoir, la relation aux usagers et les outils numériques. L’étude de ces composants et de leur organisation dans l’espace, selon une approche qui se place du côté de la production, fait ressortir trois types idéaux de stratégies spatio-communicationnelles : la séduction, la promotion et la revendication d’identité. Enfin, les analyses des pratiques des conseillers en séjour (à partir de leur observation et d’entretiens rétrospectifs) démontrent une mutation des métiers liée à ces stratégies : les pratiques des conseillers, induites par l’espace, les transforment alors en ambassadeurs du territoire auprès des usagers, en experts de l’offre touristique, ou encore en médiateurs numériques. Dès lors, l’énonciation spatiale désigne l’ensemble des tactiques ou stratégies élaborées à partir de relations spatialisées qui conditionnent la communication The emergence of a strong competitive environment between destinations compels tourist offices to stand out from one another so as to carry out their role of tourist information communication agencies. The present thesis argues that the spatio-communicational strategies implemented with digital equipment by tourist offices have a major impact on counselors’ guidelines for a trip. These strategies reproduce spatially the four basic components of a tourist office: territory, knowledge, customer relation, and digital tools. The study of these components and their spatial translation, especially in regard to their production, highlights three ideal types of spatio-communicational strategies: enticement, promotion and the claiming of identity. Lastly, the analysis of counsellors’ practices induced by space (as evidenced by their observations and retrospective testimonies) reveals a mutation of mission statements: influenced by spatial factors, counselors turn into ambassadors of the territory, experts of tourist happenings, or even digital mediators in their dealings with customers. Therefore, spatial enunciation has referred to all the possible techniques and strategies derived from spatialized relationships affecting communication

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Schenck, Tine. "Accessing intangible technologies through experimental archaeology : a methodological analysis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22018.

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This thesis concerns the relationship between research in experimental archaeology and the intangible of the past. Only a quarter of technological experiments in a sample of 100 studies addresses the intangible of technological practice, and this project sets out to explore if there are conceptual or practical obstacles for this low rate. The thesis begins with an in-depth examination of experimental archaeology and the criteria, paradigms and theories that determine its practice. Through this study, elements of the dichotomy positivism/postmodernism are uncovered and discussed. To resolve this dualism, a third paradigm – philosophical pragmatism – is introduced as an alternative. This conceptual debate represents Part I, and is subsequently collated into a methodological framework for the creation of a typified experiment. Part II consists of the experimental segment of this study, in search for practical obstacles for the exploration of the intangible. Through experimenting with Iron Age Bucket-shaped pots, Mesolithic faceted pebbles and Middle Palaeolithic birch bark tar production, different components of an experiment are highlighted for investigation. An element that comes forward as problematic is the relationship between experimental archaeologists and science ideals that is underscored by experimental tradition. Conclusively, the final discussion leaves the conceptual and practical barriers that may prevent archaeologists from studying the intangible aspects of technology overturned. In sum, this may enable experimental archaeologists to take a fuller view of their own practice and that of the people of the past.

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Nazaré, Diogo Afonso Mendonça de Carvalho. "A utilização de instrumentos de contabilidade de gestão no sector da banca e seguros em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20371.

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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais O presente estudo tem como objetivo a análise da utilização de instrumentos de contabilidade de gestão nas empresas portuguesas do sector da banca e seguros e a influência de um conjunto de variáveis na sua adopção. As variáveis de estudo são a dimensão, estrutura organizacional, incerteza ambiental, orientação para o mercado e estratégia competitiva. Para o efeito, foram analisadas as respostas de 114 questionários dirigidos aos responsáveis financeiros de empresas do sector com recurso a técnicas estatísticas convencionais e à qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), Os resultados do estudo evidenciam uma opinião consensual positiva relativamente à importância dos instrumentos de contabilidade gestão nas organizações. Também foi possível verificar que a maioria das empresas da amostra adopta predominantemente técnicas tradicionais como a orçamentação, a análise de desvios e o cálculo de custeio. Adicionalmente, foram identificadas diferentes combinações causais que resultam na adopção de instrumentos de contabilidade de gestão tradicionais e contemporâneos. This study aims to analyze the usage of management accounting tools by Portuguese companies in the Financial Services sector and the impact that specific variables can have on its adoption. The variables of the study are: size, organizational structure, environmental uncertainty, market orientation and competitive strategy. In this study, 114 questionnaires addressed to the financial controllers were analysed using both conventional statistic techniques and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results show an overall positive opinion regarding the importance of using management accounting tools in the organizations. Furthermore, evidence suggests the majority of companies in the sample studied, adopt traditional techniques such as budgeting, analysis of budgetary variances and traditional costing. Finally, different combinations of conditions that are sufficient for the adoption of traditional and contemporary techniques were also identified in this study. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Smith, Simon Paul. "Towards a knowledge management methodology for articulating the role of hidden knowledges." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:32449230-a86a-453b-b9d4-dca2d0b7be3c.

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Knowledge Management Systems are deployed in organisations of all sizes to support the coordination and control of a range of intellectual assets, and the low cost infrastructures made available by the shift to ‘cloud computing’ looks to only increase the speed and pervasiveness of this move. However, their implementation has not been without its problems, and the development of novel interventions capable of supporting the mundane work of everyday organisational settings has ultimately been limited. A common source of trouble for those formulating such systems is said to be that some proportion of the knowledge held by a setting’s members is hidden from the undirected view of both The Organisation and its analysts - typically characterised as a tacit knowledge - and can therefore go unnoticed during the design and deployment of new technologies. Notwithstanding its utility, overuse of this characterisation has resulted in the inappropriate labelling of a disparate assortment of phenomena, some of which might be more appropriately re-specified as ‘hidden knowledges’: a standpoint which seeks to acknowledge their unspoken character without making any unwarranted claims regarding their cognitive status. Approaches which focus on the situated and contingent properties of the actual work carried out by a setting’s members - such as ethnomethodologically informed ethnography - have shown significant promise as a mechanism for transforming the role played by members’ practices into an explicit topic of study. Specifically they have proven particularly adept at noticing those aspects of members’ work that might ordinarily be hidden from an undirected view, such as the methodic procedures through which we can sometimes mean more than we can say in-just-so-many-words. Here - within the context of gathering the requirements for new Knowledge Management Systems to support the reuse of existing knowledge - the findings from the application of just such an approach are presented in the form of a Pattern Language for Knowledge Management Systems: a descriptive device that lends itself to articulating the role that such hidden knowledges are playing in everyday work settings. By combining these three facets, this work shows that it is possible to take a more meaningful approach towards noticing those knowledges which might ordinarily be hidden from view, and apply our new understanding of them to the design of Knowledge Management Systems that actively engage with the knowledgeable work of a setting’s members.

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Cannon, Alan. "Interactive visualisation tools for supporting taxonomists working practice." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2006. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3462.

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The necessity for scientists and others to use consistent terminology has recently been regarded as fundamental to advancing scientific research, particularly where data from disparate sources must be shared, compared or integrated. One area where there are significant difficulties with the quality of collected data is the field of taxonomic description. Taxonomic description lies at the heart of the classification of organisms and communication of ideas of biodiversity. As part of their working practice, taxonomists need to gather descriptive data about a number of specimens on a consistent basis for individual projects. Collecting semantically well-defined structured data could improve the clarity and comparability of such data. No tools however currently exist to allow taxonomists to do so within their working practice. Ontologies are increasingly used to describe and define complex domain data. As a part of related research an ontology of descriptive terminology for controlling the storage and use of flowering plant description data was developed. This work has applied and extended model-based user interface development environments to utilise such an ontology for the automatic generation of appropriate data entry interfaces that support semantically well defined and structured descriptive data. The approach taken maps the ontology to a system domain model, which a taxonomist can then specialise using their domain expertise, for their data entry needs as required for individual projects. Based on this specialised domain knowledge, the system automatically generates appropriate data entry interfaces that capture data consistent with the original ontology. Compared with traditional model-based user automatic interface development environments, this approach also has the potential to reduce the labour requirements for the expert developer. The approach has also been successfully tested to generate data entry interfaces based on an XML schema for the exchange of biodiversity datasets.

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Avalos, Tuero Joseph, and Díaz Vanessa del Rosario Santos. "Guía de gestión de calidad para partidas estructurales de la superestructura en base a lineamientos ISO 9001:2015 y herramientas de buenas prácticas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655245.

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La gestión de calidad en proyectos es uno de los principales soportes y el de mayor responsabilidad dentro de las empresas inmersas en el rubro de la construcción, esta gestión garantiza una adecuada planificación, comunicación entre sus interesados, gestión de riesgos, control y seguimiento de cada proyecto en cuestiones de calidad, alcanzando objetivos como el cumplimiento de tiempos, costos contractuales, y satisfacción del cliente. Actualmente existen todo tipo de proyectos de construcción que cuentan con deficiencia en su sistema de gestión de calidad (SGC), es decir, no tienen un control que les permita prevenir los Costos de No Calidad, cuales generan sobre costos por no conformidades, ampliaciones de plazos, incremento de los riesgos e insatisfacción del cliente. El presente trabajo de investigación desarrolla una guía de gestión de calidad en la ejecución de partidas estructurales de la superestructura de proyectos de construcción, esto debido a que en el Perú las partidas estructurales son las únicas que se encuentran normadas y el no cumplimiento de calidad de estas generan una responsabilidad civil al constructor. Esta guía se plantea en base a lineamientos ISO 9001:2015 compatibilizando siete de sus diez capítulos con herramientas de buenas prácticas en calidad de la construcción. En base a lecciones aprendidas se va a desarrollar una guía tomando información de 3 proyectos de construcción. Los resultados mediante la validación de esta guía fueron por juicio de expertos y el 91.18% de ellos ratifica el objeto de esta investigación. Además, se hace mención a una serie de recomendaciones para poder aplicar y cumplir con la mejora de la guía. Quality management in projects is one of the main supports and the one with the greatest responsibility within companies immersed in the construction industry, this management guarantees adequate planning, communication between its stakeholders, risk management, control and monitoring of each project on quality issues, reaching objectives such as meeting times, contractual costs, and customer satisfaction. Currently there are all types of construction projects that have a deficiency in their quality management system (QMS), that is, they do not have a control that allows them to prevent Non-Quality Costs, which generate over costs due to non-conformities, extensions of deadlines, increased risks and customer dissatisfaction. This research work develops a quality management guide in the execution of structural items of the superstructure of construction projects, this due to the fact that in Peru the structural items are the only ones that are regulated and the non-compliance of quality of These generate a civil liability to the builder. This guide is proposed based on ISO 9001: 2015 guidelines, making seven of its ten chapters compatible with tools of good practices in construction quality. Based on lessons learned, a guide will be developed taking information from 3 construction projects. The results through the validation of this guide were by expert judgment and 91.18% of them ratify the object of this research. In addition, mention is made of a series of recommendations to be able to apply and comply with the improvement of the guide. Tesis

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Latappy, Corentin. "Les pratiques de code : de la documentation à la détection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0101.

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Les pratiques de code sont de plus en plus utilisées dans le domaine du développement logiciel. Leur mise en place permet d’assurer la maintenabilité, la lisibilité et la consistance du code, ce qui contribue fortement à la qualité logicielle. La majorité de ces pratiques est implémentée dans des outils d’analyse statique, ou linters, qui permettent d’alerter automatiquement les développeurs lorsqu’une pratique n’est pas respectée. Toutefois, de plus en plus d’organisations, ayant tendance à créer leurs propres pratiques internes, rencontrent des problèmes sur leur compréhension et leur adoption par les développeurs. Premièrement, afin d’être appliquée, une pratique doit d’abord être comprise par les développeurs, impliquant donc d’avoir une documentation correctement rédigée. Or, ce sujet de la documentation n’a été que peu étudié dans la littérature scientifique. Ensuite, pour favoriser leur adoption, il faudrait pouvoir étendre les outils d’analyse existants pour y intégrer de nouvelles pratiques, ce qui est difficile compte tenu de l’expertise nécessaire pour apporter ces modifications. Packmind, société bordelaise, développe une solution pour accompagner les développeurs à faire émerger ces pratiques internes à l’aide d’ateliers. Cependant, elle souffre des mêmes problématiques citées précédemment. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes d’abord intéressés à fournir des recommandations aux auteurs de la documentation des pratiques. Pour cela, nous avons analysé la documentation de plus de 100 règles provenant de 16 linters différents afin d’en extraire une taxonomie des objectifs de documentation et des types de contenu présents. Nous avons ensuite réalisé une enquête auprès de développeurs afin d’évaluer leurs attentes en termes de documentation. Cela nous a notamment permis d’observer que les raisons pour lesquelles une pratique doit être appliquée étaient très peu documentées, alors qu’elles sont perçues comme essentielles par les développeurs. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié la faisabilité de l’identification automatique de violations de pratiques à partir d’exemples. Notre contexte, nous contraignant à détecter des pratiques internes pour lesquelles nous avons peu d’exemples pour apprendre, nous a poussé à mettre en place du transfert d’apprentissage sur le modèle de machine learning CodeBERT. Nous montrons que les modèles ainsi entraînés obtiennent de bonnes performances dans un contexte expérimental, mais que la précision s’écroule lorsque nous les appliquons à des bases de code réelles Coding practices are increasingly used in the field of software development. Their implementation ensures maintainability, readability, and consistency of the code, which greatly contributes to software quality. Most of these practices are implemented in static analysis tools, or linters, which automatically alert developers when a practice is not followed. However,more and more organizations, tending to create their own internal practices, encounter problems with their understanding and adoption by developers. First, for a practice to be applied, it must first be understood by developers, thus requiring properly written documentation. Yet, this topic of documentation has been little studied in the scientific literature. Then, to promote their adoption, it would be necessary to be able to extend existing analysis tools to integrate new practices, which is difficult given the expertise required to make these modifications. Packmind, a company based in Bordeaux, develops a solution to support developers in bringing out these internal practices through workshops. However, it suffers from the same issues mentioned above. In this thesis, we first focused on providing recommendations to the authors of practice documentation. To do this, we analyzed the documentation of more than 100 rules from 16 different linters to extract a taxonomy of documentation objectives and types of content present. We then conducted a survey among developers to assess their expectations in terms of documentation. This notably allowed us to observe that the reasons why a practice should be applied were very poorly documented, while they are perceived as essential by developers. Secondly, we studied the feasibility of automatically identifying violations of practices from examples. Our context, forcing us to detect internal practices for which we have few examples to learn from, pushed us to implement transfer learning on themachine learning model CodeBERT.We show that the models thus trained achieve good performance in an experimental context, but that accuracy collapseswhenwe apply them to real code bases

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Wickham, Hadley Alexander. "Practical tools for exploring data and models." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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Benson, Johnett. "Evaluation of a Clinical Practicum Evaluation Tool to Address the Education to Practice Gap in Nursing." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1368114147.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tools and practices'

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