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Journal articles on the topic 'Tooth contact analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Li, Zheng, and Ken Mao. "Frictional Effects on Gear Tooth Contact Analysis." Advances in Tribology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/181048.

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The present paper concentrates on the investigations regarding the situations of frictional shear stress of gear teeth and the relevant frictional effects on bending stresses and transmission error in gear meshing. Sliding friction is one of the major reasons causing gear failure and vibration; the adequate consideration of frictional effects is essential for understanding gear contact behavior accurately. An analysis of tooth frictional effect on gear performance in spur gear is presented using finite element method. Nonlinear finite element model for gear tooth contact with rolling/sliding is then developed. The contact zones for multiple tooth pairs are identified and the associated integration situation is derived. The illustrated bending stress and transmission error results with static and dynamic boundary conditions indicate the significant effects due to the sliding friction between the surfaces of contacted gear teeth, and the friction effect can not be ignored. To understand the particular static and dynamic frictional effects on gear tooth contact analysis, some significant phenomena of gained results will also be discussed. The potentially significant contribution of tooth frictional shear stress is presented, particularly in the case of gear tooth contact analysis with both static and dynamic boundary conditions.
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2

Sun, Xiaoxiao, Liang Han, and Jian Wang. "Tooth modification and loaded tooth contact analysis of China Bearing Reducer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 17 (June 24, 2019): 6240–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219858184.

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China Bearing Reducer (CBR) is a one-stage cycloid speed reducer, which has the advantages of large transmission ratio, large load, high precision, high stiffness, and compact structure. The profile modification quality and manufacturing error of cycloid gear are the key factors affecting the transmission accuracy. In this paper, the structure of CBR is introduced first. By means of tooth contact analysis, a new parabolic profile modification method is proposed to improve the transmission accuracy. Then, by using Hertzian contact theory, force equilibrium equations and deformation compatibility conditions, a loaded tooth contact analysis algorithm of CBR is proposed to analyze the loaded transmission characteristics. According to the designed manufacturing error, the objective function is established to minimize the transmission error under nonload condition, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the optimal modification coefficients. Finally, the CBR25 is manufactured with the optimum modification coefficients, and the manufacturing error is measured in coordinate measuring machine to verify that it meets the design requirements. The optimal modification coefficients of CBR25 under nonload are solved based on particle swarm optimization model. Then the optimal modification coefficients are substituted to loaded tooth contact analysis to analyze the meshing contact force, contact deformation, and transmission error of CBR25. The transmission error of the CBR25 is tested on the testing rig. The error between the measured results and the calculated results of loaded tooth contact analysis is within 5%, which shows the correctness of the loaded tooth contact analysis algorithm. At the same time, the operation stability of the CBR25 is improved by using the optimal modification method.
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3

Shalaby, Karim H., Simona Lache, and Florin Corciova. "Contact Forces Analysis of an Analogous Huygens Pendulum Using Inverted Tooth Chain." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 4, no. 3 (2015): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmmm.2016.v4.255.

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4

Wang, Yan-zhong, Can-hui Wu, Kang Gong, Shu Wang, Xing-fu Zhao, and Qing-jun Lv. "Loaded tooth contact analysis of orthogonal face-gear drives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 9 (January 3, 2012): 2309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211432976.

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In order to analyze the transmission performance of face-gear in real working condition, a calculational approach for load equivalent error of alignment has been investigated with the purpose of analyzing the support system and tooth deformation of face-gear drives. Then, the equations of contact path of loaded tooth contact analysis have been established based on load equivalent error of alignment. For the purpose of analyzing the bearing contact, the curvatures of face-gear and pinion have been presented. Tooth contact deformation and bending deformation have been developed using elasticity and three-dimensional FEA. Loaded tooth contact analysis and contact stress have been considered to simulate the contact and meshing of the gear tooth surfaces and to calculate the evolution of load distribution, bearing contact, transmission errors, and contact stresses of the gear drive along the cycle of meshing. The performed research proves that the proposed loaded tooth contact analysis method can effectively solve the meshing characteristic problem of face-gear drives system. The results are illustrated with numerical examples.
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5

Li, Yuan, and Chen Zhu. "Analysis of the Multi-Tooth Meshing Effect of Three-Ring Gear Reducer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.531.

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Three-ring reducer is a type of epicyclic gear drive with small tooth number difference and internal gear. It is different from other gear transmission, that the load shearing factor of multi tooth contact is much smaller. On the basis of analyses of geometry, tooth deformation and manufacturing errors, a mathematical model which describes the state of multi tooth contact and the load distribution characteristics of tooth was developed. The multi- tooth meshing effect of the three- ring gear reducer is studied used the finite element method and ANSYS finite element software. While three- ring gear reducer is running, the number of teeth contacted simultaneously, their load distribution characteristics and the von Mises stress change are gained.
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6

Li, Yuan, and Chen Zhu. "Analysis of the Multi-Tooth Meshing Effect of Three-Ring Gear Reducer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 214 (November 2012): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.214.87.

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Three-ring reducer is a type of epicyclic gear drive with small tooth number difference and internal gear. It is different from other gear transmission, that the load shearing factor of multi tooth contact is much smaller. On the basis of analyses of geometry, tooth deformation and manufacturing errors, a mathematical model which describes the state of multi tooth contact and the load distribution characteristics of tooth was developed. The multi- tooth meshing effect of the three- ring gear reducer is studied used the finite element method and ANSYS finite element software. While three- ring gear reducer is running, the number of teeth contacted simultaneously, their load distribution characteristics and the von Mises stress change are gained.
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7

Chen, Y.-C., and M.-L. Gu. "Tooth contact analysis of a curvilinear gear set with modified pinion tooth geometry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 4 (April 2011): 975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2441.

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This article investigated the contact behaviours of a modified curvilinear gear set for parallel-axis transmission, which exhibits a pre-designed parabolic transmission error (TE) and localized bearing contact. The proposed gear set is composed of a modified pinion with curvilinear teeth and an involute gear with curvilinear teeth. Tooth contact analysis enabled the authors to explore the influences of assembly errors and design parameters on TEs and contact ellipses of this gear set. It is observed that TEs were continuous and the contact ellipses were localized in the middle of the tooth flanks, even under assembly errors. Finite-element contact analysis was performed to study stress distributions under different design parameters. In addition, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the contact characteristics of the modified curvilinear gear set.
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8

Zhang, Y., and Z. Wu. "Offset Face Gear Drives: Tooth Geometry and Contact Analysis." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828772.

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This paper presents a detailed investigation on the manufacturing, tooth geometry and contact characteristics of face gear drives with offset axes. In the paper, the tooth geometry of offset face gears is analytically determined by simulating the conjugate motion between the gear and the cutting tool in the generation process. Design criteria are established for the optimal tooth element proportions of offset face gears that avoid tooth undercutting and pointing. The tooth surface geometry of the gear member of the drive is modified by using a shaper that resembles the pinion in profile but has a few more teeth than the pinion to localize the tooth contact. The contact characteristics of the offset face gears are analyzed by a tooth contact analysis (TCA) program that simulates the meshing process of the gear drive assembled under misalignment. An example of offset face gear design and contact analysis is included in the paper.
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9

HE, Jingliang. "Tooth contact analysis of conical involute gears." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition) 19, no. 01 (2006): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/cjme.2006.01.105.

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10

Majchrak, M., R. Kohar, M. Lukac, and R. Skyba. "Analysis of harmonic gearbox tooth contact pressure." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 659 (October 31, 2019): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/659/1/012068.

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11

Chang, Shuo-Hung, Tsang-Dong Chung, and Shui-Shong Lu. "Tooth contact analysis of face-gear drives." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 42, no. 3 (March 2000): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7403(99)00013-2.

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12

MAKI, Minoru, Masaki WATANABE, Akira YAMAMOTO, and Takao SHIGEMI. "118 Tooth Contact Analysis of Hypoid Gear." Proceedings of the Symposium on Motion and Power Transmission 2007 (2007): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmempt.2007.83.

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13

LI, Shuting. "Gear Contact Model and Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis of a Three-Dimensional, Thin-Rimmed Gear." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 3 (August 6, 2002): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1485290.

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This paper performs loaded tooth contact analysis of a three-dimensional, thin-rimmed gear (3DTRG) by presenting a method that combines the mathematical programming method with the three-dimensional, finite element method (3DFEM). Also, a face-contact and whole gear deformation model is used for the 3DTRG. 3DFEM programs for the contact analysis and strength calculation of the 3DTRG are developed successfully in a personal computer. By using this program, 3D tooth load distributions, tooth root strains and the tooth contact pattern of the 3DTRG are obtained. Calculation results are proved to be correct by experiments.
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14

Chen, Dian Hua, and Zhong Wei Zhang. "Simulation Analysis of Contact Pattern and Strength of WN Gears Having Tooth Surface Deviations." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.944.

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A practical method based on normal gaps topography is proposed here for loaded tooth contact analysis of WN gear having tooth surface deviations. The simulation of meshing state and tooth strength of WN gear are provided with real tooth surfaces. In the study normal gaps distribution is adopted to calculate tooth surface contact elastic deformation and local deviations due to manufacturing errors and tooth surface wear. For WN gear, the loaded distribution on the contact zone in meshing tooth surface has not been investigated because of their complexity in the contact state. The finite element method is adopted to analyze the contact pattern and tooth strength. The study has concretely calculated the contact pressure and zone of meshing in different loaded and transmission error. At the end examples are analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in quantifying effect of such deviations on the loaded distribution and tooth stress distribution.
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15

Litvin, F. L., J. S. Chen, J. Lu, and R. F. Handschuh. "Application of Finite Element Analysis for Determination of Load Share, Real Contact Ratio, Precision of Motion, and Stress Analysis." Journal of Mechanical Design 118, no. 4 (December 1, 1996): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826929.

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A loaded gear drive with point contact between tooth surfaces is considered. The principal curvatures and directions at a current point of tangency, the contact paths on tooth surfaces, and the transmission errors caused by misalignment we consider as known. In this paper the following topics are covered: (1) Determination of the contact force and its distribution over the contact ellipse; (2) Determination of the tooth deflection, the load share, and the real contact ratio; and (3) Stress analysis by application of the finite element method. The discussed approach is illustrated with a numerical example.
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16

Wang, Ke, and Bin Zhao. "The Study of Meshing Performance for Single Screw Compressor Based on Contact Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.259.

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In order to increase transmission performance and lubricating condition for meshing pair of the single screw compressor, the contact analysis for the single screw compressor is analyzed. The equations of the former tooth surface of the gate rotor, the back tooth surface of the gate rotor, the top tooth surface of the gate rotor and transition surface between two tooth of gate rotor are constructed respectively. The tooth surface equation of the screw rotor is deduced through using the tooth surface equation of the gate rotor and transform matrix depending on conjugated theory, the contact line equation is moreover acquired. The calculation formula of inducing method curvature is deduced, the inducing method curvature of some points on contact line with the rotation degree of the gate rotor changing is calculated. The computing results show that the contact surface is osculating, which is favor to increase contact strength of the tooth surface. The distribution rules for contact lines of the former tooth surface and back tooth surface of gate rotor is gained through calculation, which provide theory basis for manufacturing screw rotor.
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17

Zhang, Rui Liang, Tie Wang, and Hong Mei Li. "Tooth Contact Analysis of the Double Circular Arc Tooth Spiral Bevel Gear." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 3711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.3711.

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Tooth contact analysis is an effective tool for meshing analysis of the double circular arc profile spiral bevel gear (DCAPSBG), as well as the basis for loading tooth contact analysis and finite element analysis. Applying the principle of tooth contact analysis (TCA) and the tooth profile characteristic of the DCAPSBG, this paper introduced and discussed the key contents and method of TCA computer programming for numerical simulation analysis of the transmission meshing quality of DCAPSBG. The TCA program developed in this paper, which had been verified by real examples, provided an effective approach for the design of DCAPSBG.
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18

ZWOLAK, Jan, and Martyna MAREK. "THE ANALYSIS OF THE SLIPPAGE AND CONTACT STRESS IN THE MESHING OF THE POWER-SHIFT TYPE GEAR." Tribologia 269, no. 5 (October 31, 2016): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6703.

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This work is an analysis of gear slippage and contact stresses in toothed gears of a six-shaft power shift gearing. Gear meshing contains 5 characteristic contact points located within the active surface of a tooth. The contact points are as follows: A – beginning of a tooth involute profile located within double-tooth engagement area; B – the end-point of double-tooth engagement constituting the beginning of single-tooth engagement area; C – pitch point, referred to also as the central contact point; D – the last point of the single-tooth engagement being at the same time the starting point of the double-tooth engagement area, which is a part of the tooth tip; and, E – point at the tooth tip that closes the double-tooth engagement area. The location of individual contact points and the resulting slippage and contact stress values depend on the geometrical parameters of cooperating gear wheels. The inter-relationship suggests that, in power shift gearings, the contact points have as many positions within the active surface as there are cooperating gear wheels.
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19

Simon, Vilmos. "Computer Aided Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis in Cylindrical Worm Gears." Journal of Mechanical Design 127, no. 5 (November 4, 2004): 973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1904050.

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A method for computer aided loaded tooth contact analysis in different types of cylindrical worm gears is proposed. The method covers both cases—that of the theoretical line and point contact. The geometry and kinematics of a worm gear pair based on the generation of worm gear teeth by a hob is presented. The full loaded tooth contact analysis of such a gear pair is performed. A computer program based on the theoretical background presented has been developed. By using this program the path of contact, the potential contact lines, the separations of mating surfaces along these contact lines, the load distribution and transmission errors for different types of modified and nonmodified worm gear pairs are calculated and graphically presented. The influence of gear tooth modifications on tooth contact is investigated and discussed.
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20

Liu, Ming Yong, Cai Chao Zhu, Chu Nai Yan, Xiang Yang Xu, and Xiao Rong Zhang. "Modification Analysis of the New Axis-Fixed Cycloid Drive." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.82.

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Due to those disadvantages of the cycloidal-pin wheel transmission, such as complex structure, low efficiency and low bearing capacity, a new kind of axis-fixed cycloid transmission is proposed. A new method for optimum modification quantity of cycloid gear is put forward on the ground of its drive principle. Considering the influence of modification to tooth contact stress, finite element model of tooth contact for the drive is built.The analysis result indicates that there is no obvious edge contact of tooth profile and it is more reasonable for the contact stress to distribute along tooth width. Load test on gear drive bench verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis.
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21

Meng, Fan Jing, Dao Ye Huang, and Zhe Bo Zhou. "The Meshing Property Analysis of the New Sine Gears." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.55.

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Basing on the theory of the meshing principle and the differential geometry, deduced the contact wire function for the new sine gears. In explanation of the gear parameters influencing to the contact wire function, imitated the contact function using the regular changes values of the amplitude value H and the helix angle β with MATLAB. From the imitation derived the evolution of the contact wire influencing by the amplitude value H and the helix angle β. The contact wire moved following with the enlarge amplitude value H to the forward direction of the high tooth and the forward direction of the width tooth; The contact wire also moved following with the enlarge helix angle β to the negative direction of the high tooth and the negative direction of the width tooth. Thereby, in order to select the appropriate gear parameters provided basis.
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22

Bagaiskov, Yuriy. "Bending deformation analysis of gear hone tooth lateral faces." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 01063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822401063.

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Gear hones are used for finish machining of hardened gear tooth lateral faces by the generating method. In service, due to penetration of abrasive grains into metal, wear and running-in of the tool material, especially in the case of elastic binding agents, the tooth contact takes place not in a point, but in an ellipse area. The total bending deformation of a hone tooth in the contact point is a sum of the fixed tooth bending deformation and the deformation, characterizing the tooth root travel in a hone rim. The calculations make it evident that hone tooth bending deformation value depends on the contact point vertical position; it drops by a factor of 400 – 500 from the lower contact point to the top. Besides, deformation increases by a factor of 60 with decrease of the elasticity modulus. The rim part adjacent to a tooth is also considered during analysis of the second component of the total tooth bending deformation, characterizing the tooth root elastic strain. With the tooth height increase, this deformation value increases by a factor of 4 – 20 and significantly (by an order of magnitude) increases with the elasticity modulus drop. Bending deformation analysis results of gear hone teeth are applied for studying their operation capabilities, as well as development of geometry and compound specifications.
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23

Fang, Zongde. "LOADED TOOTH CONTACT ANALYSIS OF SPIRAL BEVEL GEARS CONSIDERING EDGE CONTACT." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 38, no. 09 (2002): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2002.09.069.

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24

Li, Zheng, and Yang Chen. "The Stress Analysis on Spur Gear Meshing Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.151.

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The gear meshing is a very complicated process due to the nonlinear behaviors during the teeth contact. It is necessary to build a reliable model to simulate gear meshing process which can consider geometry and boundary conditions nonlinear behavior in gear tooth contact analysis. This paper propose a 3D finite element model to simulate the meshing process of a pair of spur gears, and then carry out the gear tooth contact analysis with the consideration of nonlinear behaviors. The results and relevant discussions will indicate and explain some significant phenomena of the gear tooth contact characteristics in gear meshing process.
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25

Wu, Li Mei, and Fei Yang. "Finite Element Analysis for Gear Contact Based on UG and ABAQUS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 442 (October 2013): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.442.229.

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According to the cutting theory of involute tooth profile, established an exact three-dimensional parametric model by UG. Used ABAQUS to crate finite element model for gear meshing. After simulated the meshing process, discussed the periodicity of the tooth surface contact stress. Based on the result of finite element analysis, made a comparison of the maximum contact stress between finite element solution and Hertz theoretical solution, analyzed the contact stress distribution on tooth width, and researched the effect of friction factor on contact stress. All that provided some theoretical basis for gear contact strength design.
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26

OHBA, Shigeo, Hideo KIBA, Masato KUWABARA, Hitoo YOSHIDA, Fusaoki KOIDE, and Masatoshi TAKEISHI. "Contact Microradiographic Analysis of Feline Tooth Resorptive Lesions." Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 55, no. 2 (1993): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.55.329.

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27

Guo, Hui, Ning Zhao, and Hao Gao. "Tooth Contact Analysis of Face Gear Drive Modified by a Grinding Worm." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1154.

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This paper proposes a modification method for tooth surface of face gear drive with a grinding worm on a numerical grinding machine. The surface equation of grinding worm is derived, and the coordinate System of generating the worm is established. Tooth contact analysis (TCA) is performed to investigate the performance of face gear drive before and after modification, and the alignment error is considered. This method can obtain a more stable bearing contact in contrast to the method by increasing tooth number of shaper. The longitudinal bearing contact on the face-gear tooth surface has been obtained which will increase the contact ratio. By modification the edge contact at surface edges of the gears can be avoided and the modification magnitude can be controlled freely.
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28

Wu, Ru Yang. "Analysis on Contact Stress after Gear Meshing and Finite Element of Stiffness." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.670.

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According to APDL language of ANSYS, this paper establishes the ideal identity model of tooth profile and gear based on ideal tooth profile equation, and it gets the ideal gear profile in meshing period and change curve of maximum contact stress with position of gear meshing. The result indicates that the contract stress distribution of ideal gear profile presents certain regularity with meshing state of double gear. Gear module can not change the stiffness value of gear meshing; increasing the number of driving wheel can reduce meshing stiffness. Finally, this paper gets the curve of meshing stiffness changes with load. The result indicates that the effect of load on deviation and tooth profile and gear meshing is larger than that on idea tooth profile and stiffness of gear meshing.
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29

Tao, J., T. G. Hughes, H. P. Evans, R. W. Snidle, N. A. Hopkinson, M. Talks, and J. M. Starbuck. "Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis of Gear Tooth Surfaces From Micropitting Tests." Journal of Tribology 125, no. 2 (March 19, 2003): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1510881.

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The paper presents numerical results for the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of gear teeth using real surface roughness data taken from micropitting tests carried out on an FZG gear testing machine. Profiles and load conditions corresponding to four load stages in the micropitting test protocol are considered. Elastohydrodynamic film thickness and pressure analyses are presented for conditions having a slide/roll ratio of 0.3 during the single tooth contact phase of the meshing cycle. Comparisons are also included showing the elastohydrodynamic response of the tooth contacts at different times in the meshing cycle for one of the load stages. The rheological model adopted is based on Ree-Eyring non-Newtonian shear thinning, and comparisons are also included of models having constant and different pressure-dependent specifications of the Eyring shear stress parameter τ0. Parameters obtained from the micro EHL analyses are presented that quantify the degree of adversity experienced by the surfaces in elastohydrodynamic contact. These quantify extreme pressure behavior, extreme proximity of surfaces, and pressure cycling within the overall contact and indicate that the different fluid models considered lead to significantly different pressure and film thickness behavior within the contact.
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30

Wu, Li Mei, Yan Rong Wang, Yong Zhao Li, and Fei Yang. "Mechanical Analysis of the Gear Based on the UG Parametric Modeling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 786–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.786.

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When gear is working, the size of contact stress with tooth surface directly affects its service life and security. In this paper, creates a three-dimensional model of parametric gear by the UG parametric modeling tool, then transforms the modeling data and imports into ANSYS to analysis the loading-velocity of gear and the compressive stress produces through gear meshing. Finally, gets the distribution and the change rule of equivalent contact stress with tooth surface when produced radial displacement and in the case of several teeth contacted in gear running. Introduction
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31

Sharif, K. J., S. Kong, H. P. Evans, and R. W. Snidle. "Contact and elastohydrodynamic analysis of worm gears Part 2: Results." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 831–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524180.

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The paper presents the results of modelling the contact and elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) effects between the teeth of worm gears. A number of different practical worm gear designs have been studied covering a wide range of sizes and potential applications, from small instrument drives to high power units. All the designs are of the popular ZI type, in which the worm is an involute helicoid, with deliberate mismatch of tooth conformity in order to avoid damaging edge contact. The results cover loaded tooth contact analysis (‘loaded TCA’) under dry conditions, predicted film-generating behaviour with lubrication, surface and oil film temperatures, and calculated values of friction and transmission efficiency. It is demonstrated that regions of poor film formation may be predicted in a qualitative way on the basis of loaded TCA together with consideration of the kinematics of entrainment at the contacts.
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32

Wang, Hui, Zhao-Yao Shi, Bo Yu, and Hang Xu. "Transmission Performance Analysis of RV Reducers Influenced by Profile Modification and Load." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (October 1, 2019): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194099.

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RV reducers contain multi-tooth contact characteristics, with high-impact resistance and a small backlash, and are widely used in precision transmissions, such as robot joints. The main parameters affecting the transmission performance include torsional stiffness and transmission errors (TEs). However, a cycloid tooth profile modification has a significant influence on the transmission accuracy and torsional stiffness of an RV reducer. It is important to study the multi-tooth contact characteristics caused by modifying the cycloid profile. The contact force is calculated using a single contact stiffness, inevitably affecting the accuracy of the result. Thus, a new multi-tooth contact model and a TE model of an RV reducer are proposed by dividing the contact area into several differential elements. A comparison of the contact force obtained using the finite element method and the test results of an RV reducer prototype validates the proposed models. On this basis, the influence of load on the different modification methods is studied, including a TE, the mechanical performance, and the transmission efficiency. In addition, the proposed reverse profile is particularly suitable for situations with a large clearance and torque. This study provides a reliable theoretical basis for a multi-tooth contact analysis of a cycloid profile modification.
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33

Tan, Chung Ming, and Mau Yiu Chang. "Stresses Analysis of Hypocycloidal Gear Transmissions." Key Engineering Materials 805 (June 2019): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.805.204.

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The objective of this research is to enhance the performance of a Hypocycloidal Gear Transmission (HGT) by selecting the favorable gear profile which has the most significant effects on performance. The research presents computer-aided design and analysis of the HGT. Careful design of the curtate-cycloid tooth profile can further enhance the performance of the HGT by dramatically improving the Hertz contact property. This high contact ratio leads to ideal load distribution. In the loaded tooth contact analysis, the real contact ratio under the tooth deformation was analyzed for demonstration of an effective self-protecting feature, which makes the HGT suitable for extremely heavy load applications. This paper successfully proves that the HGT is a promising architecture for the high reduction ratio reducers. The design and analysis of these prototype HGTs have been fully addressed here.
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Lou, Jia Jia, Xue Mei Cao, and Ji Song Jiao. "Tooth Surface Contact Stress Analysis of the Straight Bevel Gear Axial Practice." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.345.

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The program of tooth surface and gear inside grid nodes is developed according to the tooth surface equation. Finite Element Analysis of the straight bevel gear axial practice model is established. Order flow contact models of the three teeth and contact pair of gears of the three teeth is developed by APDL language of ANSYS. The static contact stress analysis of axial practice is constructed. The static contact stress of tooth surface distribution and change rule is obtained by calculating. The result shows that axial practice pair of gears of have good meshing performance.
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35

Wang, Yang, Jing Wei, and Wei Sun. "Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of Gear Contact in Gear-Bearing-Rotor System Based on Romax." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.91.

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Gear transmission is one of the most important mechanical transmissions. It is widely used because of its high efficiency, compact structure, stable transmission ratio, etc. In general, the failure of gear transmission is mainly due to the failure of tooth. Tooth broken main failure mode of gear tooth is mainly due to the role of the tooth root bending fatigue. So, researching both tooth root bending fatigue strength and tooth surface contact fatigue strength are of great significance for the guarantee of gear life. Basing on romax this paper chooses a gear-bearing-rotor system as the research background to conduct parameter sensitivity analysis of gear contact and simulate the changes of tooth root bending stress and contact lines position in the whole meshing process of gear pair.
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36

ZWOLAK, Jan, and Marek MARTYNA. "ANALYSIS OF CONTACT AND BENDING STRESSES IN GEARBOX SWITCHING UNDER LOAD." Tribologia, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6050.

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The work analyses contact stresses that occur within the active surface of toothed gears as well as bending stresses that take place at the tooth root. Contact stresses have been designated at the beginning of the singletooth engagement area within the pitch point and in the end of single-tooth engagement area. Designation of bending stresses at the tooth root has been made by applying the interteeth force to the external point of single-tooth engagement. The calculated numerical values of contact and bending stresses were compared to fatigue contact durability σH lim and fatigue bending strength σF lim that were obtained experimentally. Calculations of contact stresses and bending stresses were done with multi-criterion optimisation, which makes it possible to select such geometrical parameters of toothed gears that allow utilizing fatigue durability σH lim and σF lim in reference to a given material and technology of manufacturing toothed gears.
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37

Wang, Yan, Ji Sheng Ma, Hui Yong Deng, and Hai Ping Liu. "Finite Element Analysis for Tooth Profile Modification of Gear-Box of Tracklayer." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.621.

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The quasi-static contact finite element analysis of meshing gear of gear-box is computed by using MSC.Marc software, then transmission error and surface contact stress of meshing gear are computed in different tooth profile modification methods. Due to the large load fluctuation of tracklayer, the target of tooth profile modification is suggested, which is to minimize the peak value of tooth contact stress to the full, and not to increase the transmission error fluctuation of gear system.
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38

Wei, Wei, and Lian Hong Zhang. "An Improved Algorithm for Tooth Contact Analysis for Hypoid Gear Based on Axial Section Programming." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1392.

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An improved algorithm of tooth contact analysis (TCA) is proposed to overcome the deficiency of the current TCA algorithm for hypoid gear. The key improvement of the proposed algorithm is to introduce proportional coefficients of tooth length and tooth height in TCA. The solution domain of the nonlinear equations in TCA is limited in the range of tooth surface by variable substitution. By analyzing the positions which boundary points possibly appear on axial section, the values of proportional coefficients corresponding to the positions are obtained. Boundary points of the contact trace are computed with particle swarm algorithm and conjugate gradient method, and distributed points on the contact trace are solved according to information of boundary points. With the improved algorithm the boundary points of the contact trace can be figured out accurately and there is no need to set initial values for tooth contact analysis.
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39

Zhao, Ning, Meng Qi Zhang, and Hui Guo. "Stress Analysis of Asymmetric Spur Face-Gear Pair Based on Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 483 (December 2013): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.483.309.

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According to the theory of gear geometry, the equations of teeth surface of double pressure angles asymmetric face-gear were conducted. Discrete points were generated in MATLAB according to the surface equations, and then the author established contact finite element models of single-tooth pair in ANSYS. The calculated value of contact pressure of the single tooth contact finite element model and the calculated value of contact pressure which given by the point-contact Hertz theory were compared to verify the effectiveness of the contact finite element method. Several groups of parameters were calculated and the results showed that the use of reasonable asymmetric design can effectively reduce the max surface contact pressure and the max tooth root bending stress.
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40

Chen, Yi-Cheng, and Chien-Cheng Lo. "Contact stress and transmission errors under load of a modified curvilinear gear set based on finite element analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 2 (April 24, 2014): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214532907.

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This study conducted a loaded tooth contact analysis of a modified curvilinear gear set with localized bearing contact based on finite element analysis. The contact stress and transmission errors under load were examined. First, a mesh generation program was developed according to the mathematical model of a curvilinear gear generated using a male fly cutter. A finite element model containing one contacting tooth pair was built, and the mesh density at the contact-sensitive area was adjusted to attain a reasonable finite element model for estimating the contact pressure. Adequate mesh density at the possible contact region predicted by tooth contact analysis was defined based on the theoretical Hertzian contact stress and the calculated contact ellipse. A finite element model containing five tooth pairs was developed and applied to examine the contact stress and transmission errors under load of the modified curvilinear gear set. Finally, numerical examples were provided to demonstrate the contact stress and transmission errors under load for various design parameters and loads.
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41

Zhu, Lin Long. "Analysis and Simulation of Dynamic Characteristics of Helical Gears." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.634.

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To solve noise and vibration problem and other problems of helical gears, to improve its reliability and safety, this paper uses transmission of helical gear as the research object and makes an analysis of dynamic characteristics of time-varying contact wire and time-varying friction after giving the length of the contact wire, time-varying friction and fast Algorithm for the friction torque. The results of experiment show that the fluctuations of time-varying contact wire is an important cause of tooth surface friction and tooth surface friction torque fluctuations. Time-varying contact wire length, tooth surface friction and friction torque fluctuations are smallest at twenty centigrade degrees, which provide a theoretical basis for the parameter design of gears and engineering optimization.
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42

Zhang, Y., and Z. Fang. "Analysis of Transmission Errors Under Load of Helical Gears With Modified Tooth Surfaces." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828773.

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This paper presents a model for the analysis of transmission errors of helical gears under load. The model accommodates the modification of tooth surfaces, gear misalignments and the deformation of tooth surfaces caused by contact load. In this model, the gear contact load is assumed to be nonlinearly distributed along the direction of the relative principal curvature between the two contacting tooth surfaces. As compared with conventional tooth contact analysis (TCA) that assumes gear surfaces as rigid bodies, the model presented in this paper provides more realistic simulation results on the gear transmission errors and other gear meshing characteristics when the tooth surfaces are deformed under load. The proposed model is applied to a pair of helical gears in the numerical example included in the paper.
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43

Lelkes, Ma´rk, Ja´nos Ma´rialigeti, and Daniel Play. "Numerical Determination of Cutting Parameters for the Control of Klingelnberg Spiral Bevel Gear Geometry." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 4 (November 26, 2002): 761–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1518502.

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A numerical method for the contact analysis of uniform tooth height epicyclical spiral bevel gears stemming from the Klingelnberg’s Cyclo-Palloid System is proposed. The analysis is based on simultaneous generations of gear surfaces and contact simulation. A theoretical contact identification program has been developed. Conjugated tooth contact is examined. Longitudinal settings of contact patterns or contact across the surfaces from tooth root to tooth top were obtained as a function of machine-settings. The influences of each cutting parameter were isolated and were discussed.
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44

Nakajima, Kouji, Toshiki Hirogaki, Eiichi Aoyama, and Masaki Nagata. "Contact Analysis of Tooth Surface in Gear Meshing Based on Infrared Ray Imagery." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 563–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.563.

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Improving accuracy ofthe gear tooth surface has become an important challenge, because the toothsurface accuracy greatly influences vibration of gears. However, for the spiralbevel gear, the tooth surface accuracy is considered to be very difficult toevaluate because the geometrical theory is difficult. Generally, the managementof tooth surface accuracy has conventionally been substituted by the toothsurface contact evaluation with red lead, which is a kind of paint. However,the results of visual examinations are too subjective. We therefore focused onthe infrared ray imagery to investigate the gear tooth meshing. In this research,a high response infrared thermography was used to estimate the tooth contact ofa hypoid gear under running conditions. Specifically, we looked at the increasein temperature on the tooth surface caused by gear meshing. The results clearlyshowed that the temperature was affected by load, sliding speed between toothsurfaces, and the average peripheral speed of tooth surface. We also proposedan equation that predicts tooth surface temperature rise and showed its utility.Thus, the proposed method effectively evaluates the tooth surface accuracy ofhypoid gear.
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45

Zhang, Y., F. L. Litvin, N. Maruyama, R. Takeda, and M. Sugimoto. "Computerized Analysis of Meshing and Contact of Gear Real Tooth Surfaces." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919435.

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The authors propose a technique for computerized simulation and tangency of gears provided with real tooth surfaces. The deviations of real tooth surfaces from the theoretical ones are caused by the distortion of surfaces during the heat treatment and lapping. The main ideas of the proposed technique are as follows: (i) The gear real tooth surface is represented by a sum of two vector functions that determine the theoretical tooth surface and the deviations of the real surface from the theoretical one, respectively. (ii) Both vector functions mentioned above are represented in terms of the same Gaussian surface coordinates (the Gaussian coordinates of the theoretical surface). (iii) The deviations of the real surface are initially determined numerically using the data of surface coordinate measurements. The analytical representation of the vector function of deviations is based on the interpolation of a numerically given vector function by a bi-cubic spline. The interpolation provides a relatively high precision because it is accomplished for the surface of small deviations but not for the whole real surface. (iv) The computerized simulation of meshing and tangency of gears with real tooth surfaces is based on the algorithm that describes the conditions of continuous tangency of real tooth surfaces. The proposed approach is illustrated with application to the hypoid gear drive with real tooth surfaces. The data of surface deviations have been determined experimentally at the Nissan Motor Co.
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46

Holmes, M. J. A., H. P. Evans, and R. W. Snidle. "Analysis of Mixed Lubrication Effects in Simulated Gear Tooth Contacts." Journal of Tribology 127, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1828452.

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The paper presents results obtained using a transient analysis technique for point contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) problems based on a formulation that couples the elastic and hydrodynamic equations. Results are presented for transverse ground surfaces in elliptical point contact that show severe film thinning and asperity contact at the transverse limits of the contact area. This thinning is caused by transverse leakage of the lubricant from the contact in the remaining deep valley features between the surfaces. A comparison is also made between the point contact results on the entrainment center line and the equivalent line contact analysis. The extent of asperity contact is shown to be dependent on the Hertzian contact aspect ratio. It is also shown that transverse waviness (superimposed on the roughness) of even relatively small amplitude can lead to large increases in asperity contact rates over all waviness peaks in the contact.
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47

WANG, Zhonghou. "Tooth Contact Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gears Based on Digital Real Tooth Surfaces." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 50, no. 15 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2014.15.001.

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48

XIN, Ji Sheng, Kazuhiko OKAMOTO, and Minoru MAKI. "Accuracy Control of Hourglass Worm Gearing. Analysis of Tooth Shape and Tooth Contact." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 64, no. 619 (1998): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.64.1055.

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49

Xu, Ying Qiang, Jian Hua Zhao, and Zu Heng Shi. "Analysis of Non-Standard Gear Contact Fatigue Life." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 1227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.1227.

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A model of gear contact has been established based on Hertz theory in this thesis, Analysis of non-standard gear contact fatigue life test process . For ha* take 1,1.15,1.25 and c* take 0.25,0.5 respectively ,the gear generates contact fatigue failure, then calculate the meshing ratio under different tooth high coefficients, and gear pairs state with fatigue testing time by the finite element method and orthogonal test. These data are compared with the results of specific experiments verified. They description that tooth height coefficients and headspace coefficients change have a great impact on gear contact fatigue life.
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50

Zhang, Zheng-Xiang, Zhang-Hua Fong, Yu-Huo Li, and Hong-Sheng Fang. "A study of the contact stress analysis of cylindrical gears using the hybrid finite element method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 1 (April 17, 2012): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212444383.

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In this study, the hybrid finite element method combined with the tooth contact analysis was applied to solve the static contact stress problem of meshing a cylindrical gear set. The hybrid finite element method has two special features. First, the dimension of the stiffness matrix was reduced to a small condensed compliance matrix with degrees of freedom in the possible contact region. The contact force was iteratively solved based on the condensed compliance matrix by the normal gap distance at the contact point. Second, the contact force at the meshing positions was solved using the same condensed compliance matrix with a different normal gap distance calculated by the tooth contact analysis. Using the examples in this study, the contact stress of the meshing gears was calculated and compared to the data obtained by ANSYS in order to validate the proposed hybrid finite element method. The hybrid finite element method with tooth contact analysis proposed in this study can be used to determine the amount of tooth surface modification.
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