Relevant bibliographies by topics / Top-Bar effect

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Top-Bar effect'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 November 2024
Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Top-Bar effect"

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Skrodzka, Ewa B., Bogumił B. J. Linde, and Antoni Krupa. "Effect of Bass Bar Tension on Modal Parameters of a Violin's Top Plate." Archives of Acoustics 39, no. 1 (2015): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2014-0015.

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Abstract Experimental modal analysis of a violin with three different tensions of a bass bar has been performed. The bass bar tension is the only intentionally introduced modification of the instrument. The aim of the study was to find differences and similarities between top plate modal parameters determined by a bass bar perfectly fitting the shape of the top plate, the bass bar with a tension usually applied by luthiers (normal), and the tension higher than the normal value. In the modal analysis four signature modes are taken into account. Bass bar tension does not change the sequence of m
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Jacob, D. E., Q. E. Equali, and I. U. Nelson. "The effect of types of hives on honey production in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." World Journal of Applied Science & Technology 16, no. 1 (2025): 84–89. https://doi.org/10.4314/wojast.v16i1.84.

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This study compared the effectiveness of three different types of beehives (Kenyan top-bar, Langsthroth frame, and perforated mud-pot hives on honey production in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Parameters assessed in the study included the weight gained from bee occupation, honey yield, and monthly weight gain in the hives. The study was conducted over a period of six months, and the data collected were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD was used to ascertain mean differentiation. The results obtained indicated that the Kenyan top-bar hive was the most effective hive in terms of weight gain (7.55
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Reza Esfahani, M., M. Lachemi, and M. Reza Kianoush. "Top-bar effect of steel bars in self-consolidating concrete (SCC)." Cement and Concrete Composites 30, no. 1 (2008): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.05.012.

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von Grünau, Michael, Zeina Saikali, and Jocelyn Faubert. "Processing Speed in the Motion-Induction Effect." Perception 24, no. 5 (1995): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p240477.

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The motion-induction effect, where an illusory motion is perceived within a bar when it is shown next to a spot presented slightly earlier, was studied with respect to the idea that it is based on differential processing speeds between the two ends of the bar. First, by using just a bar with a luminance gradient, the existence of a motion illusion (gradient motion) within such a bar was demonstrated, presumably due to the different processing speeds of differential luminances. When such a bar was used in the motion-induction effect, it was shown to modulate, for short delays, the strength of t
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Wang, Yikuan, Abhijit Mukherjee, and Arnaud Castel. "Detection of Top-Bar Effect in Reinforced Concrete Using Guided Ultrasonic Waves." Journal of Structural Engineering 147, no. 4 (2021): 04021032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002950.

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Zhao, Fang Ran, Jia Lin Cao, and Ning Wang. "Analysis of Factors Influence on Void Underneath at Concrete Pavement Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.483.

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis was made on the transverse joint stress state of the concrete pavement slab with void underneath using ANSYS. The transfer effect of dowel bar was discussed with aircraft loaded in the joints. The influence rule of load transfer effect under different dowel bar spacing and dowel bar cross section dimension was compared. Based on the results of finite element analysis, this paper had carried on the experimental study on stress-transferring effect on concrete pavement joints with different location of the dowel bar. The influencing factors of pavement sl
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Minato, Kenichi, Tomoichiro Okamoto, and Masasuke Takata. "Effect of Atmosphere on Zinc Oxide Crystal Growth by Electric Current Heating with Au Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.269.

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We developed a new zinc oxide (ZnO) crystal growth method using Au combined with electric current heating. Au paste was placed on a ZnO ceramic bar. When a certain current flowed through the bar, the paste melted on the bar. Then crystals grew on the molten Au surface immediately. The shape of the crystals depended on the atmosphere during the growth. The whiskers with spherical top and the crystals consisting of a hexangular pyramidal base and needle head were grown on Au in air and Ar atmosphere, respectively. From cathodoluminescence at room temperature, the weak ultraviolet (UV) emission a
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Kim, Nam Yong, Dae-Cheol Ko, Yangjin Kim, Sang Wook Han, Il Yeong Oh, and Young Hoon Moon. "Feasibility of Reduced Ingot Hot-Top Height for the Cost-Effective Forging of Heavy Steel Ingots." Materials 13, no. 13 (2020): 2916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13132916.

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Feasibility studies have been performed on ingots with reduced hot-top heights for the cost-effective hot forging of heavy ingots. The quality of the heavy ingots is generally affected by internal voids, which have been known to be accompanied by inclusions and segregation. To guarantee the expected mechanical performance of the forged products, these voids should be closed and eliminated during the hot open die forging process. Hence, to effectively control the internal voids, the optimum hot-top height and forging schedules need to be determined. In order to improve the utilization ratio of
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Esfahani, M. Reza, M. Reza Kianoush, and M. Lachemi. "Bond strength of glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforcing bars in normal and self-consolidating concrete." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 3 (2005): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l05-005.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental study on bond strength of reinforcing bars made of glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP) embedded in normal and self-consolidating concrete. The study included pull-out tests of 36 GFRP reinforcing bars embedded in concrete specimens. Different parameters such as type of concrete, bar location, and cover thickness were considered as variables in different specimens. The results showed that the type of bond failure was by splitting of concrete for all specimens. The bond strength of bottom GFRP reinforcing bars was almost the same for both nor
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Reichardt, Elisabeth, Steffen Decker, Michel Dalstra, et al. "The Effect of Ligature Type on Lateral Tooth Movement during Orthodontic Treatment with Lingual Appliances—An In Vitro Study." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093365.

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(1) Background: One of the most challenging parts in lingual orthodontics is the control and correction of the tip of anterior teeth, due to the occlusal open vertical slot of the incisors in lingual systems. The presented experimental in-vitro study was performed to determine the maximal tipping moment of the anterior teeth between two types of lingual brackets, the Incognito™ Appliance System (Incognito, TOP-Service, Bad Essen, Germany) and Tip-Bar™ system (Incognito, TOP-Service, Bad Essen, Germany). Furthermore, twelve different ligation methods and two different ligature materials were in
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Top-Bar effect"

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Nguyen, Thi Thu Trang. "Influence de l'effet de l'interface acier/béton (top-bar effect) sur la corrosion de structures en béton armé exposées en environnement de chlorures ou de carbonatation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEI009.

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Le béton armé est connu l’un des matériaux les plus utilisés dans la construction. Néanmoins, après une période de mise en exploitation, il peut se corroder. Les chlorures et la carbonatation sont les principaux facteurs provoquant la corrosion des structures en béton armé. La thèse a pour objectif d’étudier le comportement à la corrosion du béton armé sous l’environnement de carbonatation ou des chlorures, correspondant à l'influence de l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier (top-bar effet), du type de ciment ainsi que de la fissure transversale artificielle ou des fissures transv
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Cogneras, E. "Production de paires de Top et effet de Nouvelle Physique. Calibration des jets légers avec le processus W en jet-jet. Mesure de la masse du Top." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178221.

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Depuis sa découverte en 1995 à Fermilab, le quark Top fait l'objet d'une grande attention. Il complète la troisième famille de quarks du Modèle Standard de la physique des particules, et la mesure de ses propriétés contraint fortement ce modèle. Il constitue également une voie d'accès privilégiée à la nouvelle physique attendue à une énergie de l'ordre du TeV. Ce travail de thèse, réalisé auprès du détecteur ATLAS du LHC, présente les méthodes mises en œuvre afin de mesurer précisément la masse du quark Top dans le canal lepton+jets. Différentes stratégies d'analyse sont présentées en fonction
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Book chapters on the topic "Top-Bar effect"

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Trezos, Konstantinos G., Ioannis P. Sfikas, Myron S. Palmos, and Ellas K. Sotiropoulou. "Top-Bar Effect in Self-Compacting Concrete Elements." In Design, Production and Placement of Self-Consolidating Concrete. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9664-7_30.

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Yung, Yuk L., and William B. DeMore. "Venus." In Photochemistry of Planetary Atmospheres. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195105018.003.0011.

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Venus has been visited by a number of spacecraft. Those most important in advancing our understanding of the atmosphere include Mariner 10 (1974), Pioneer Venus (1978- 1992), and the series of Venera probes by the former USSR (1982-1986). The Pioneer Venus orbiter conducted more than a decade of monitoring of the upper atmosphere of Venus. The spacecraft data are supplemented by telescopic and satellite (in Earth orbit) observations. The astronomical data for Venus are summarized in table 8.1. Venus is a close but slightly smaller sibling of Earth. The radius is 6051 km, as compared to Earth's 6371 km. The mass is 4.87 x 1024 kg, a little less than Earth's 5.98 x 1024 kg. The gravity of Venus is 8.87 ms-2, as compared to Earth's 9.82 ms-2. The dynamical and orbital parameters of Venus are very different from those of Earth. The rotation of Venus is retrograde, with a period of 225 days. The planet has little obliquity, and its orbit is close to being circular. Thus there is little seasonal variation in insolation over a Cytherian year. Perhaps the greatest surprise about Venus is its dense, dry, and hot atmosphere of 92 bar (see figure 8.1). This is all the more surprising because the planet is completely covered by thick clouds. Figure 8.2 shows the altitude profiles of three modes of cloud particles in the middle atmosphere. The high albedo of Venus implies that the planet receives less energy from the sun than Earth despite its closer proximity to the sun. However, the surface of Venus is hot, with a temperature of 733 K, attributed to the greenhouse effect. The bulk of our knowledge of the atmosphere of Venus is derived from observations in the middle atmosphere (60-100 km altitude). At cloud-top levels (65 km), groundbased ultraviolet (UV) observations revealed a 4-5 day period, east-to-west circulation that is 60 times faster than the solid surface. The mechanism for generating this superrotation is not well understood. The net result of this rotation is that it gives the upper atmosphere an effective diurnal cycle of 4-5 days.
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Conference papers on the topic "Top-Bar effect"

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Yaakob, Najmiddin, Fernando Farelas, Marc Singer, Srdjan Nesic, and David Young. "Localized Top of the Line Corrosion in Marginally Sour Environments." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07695.

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Abstract Localized corrosion has been reported to happen in sour environments via a number of mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms are well understood and described (elemental sulfur, oxygen ingress) while considerable uncertainties still remain on the influence of other environmental parameters (FeS polymorphs, organic acid and etc). This paper addresses the occurrence of localized corrosion at the top of the line in a condition that is typically described as “marginally sour”: CO2 environments with low H2S concentrations. Little has been published on this topic so far and the mechanisms invo
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Nam, Jingak, William Hartt, Kijoon Kim, and Lianfang Li. "Effect of Cement Alkalinity Upon Time-to-Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete Undergoing Chloride Exposure." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03290.

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Abstract A series of 91 concrete G109 type specimens was exposed to cyclic wet-dry ponding with a 15 w/o NaCl solution for approximately four years. Mix design variables included 1) cement alkalinity (equivalent alkalinities of 0.97, 0.52, and 0.36), 2) water cement ratio (0.50, 0.41, and 0.37), 3) presence versus absence of coarse aggregate, and 4) presence versus absence of fly ash. Corrosion potential and macrocell current between bottom and top bars were monitored in order to determine the time at which active corrosion commenced. Subsequent to corrosion initiation, specimens were autopsie
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Ramlan, Dinna Geraldine, Lester Brain Ading, Nursafika Bahira Juli, and Najmiddin Yaakob. "Effect of Gas Temperature for Sweet Top-of-the-Line Corrosion in Water-Hydrocarbon Co-condensation Environment." In CONFERENCE 2025. AMPP, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2025-00256.

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When carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water that condenses at the top of the pipeline, carbonic acid is generated, which is corrosive to carbon steel; consequently, sweet top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) occurs. Gas temperature (Tgas) and water condensation rate (WCR) are important factors that drive the severity of TLC, which effect has yet to be established for water-hydrocarbon co-condensation environment. TLC tests were conducted in control (without n-heptane) and water-hydrocarbon co-condensation environment at 10 vol% n-heptane and 25 vol% n-heptane with average Tgas of 30.0°C and 41.6 °
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Sun, Yuhua, Keith George, and Srdjan Nesic. "The Effect of Cl- and Acetic Acid on Localized CO2 Corrosion in Wet Gas Flow." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03327.

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Abstract Wet gas corrosion rates of C1018 and X65 steel have been measured at the top and bottom of a high pressure, 10 cm diameter horizontal pipeline under stratified flow conditions with different chloride (Cl-) concentrations. Experiments were performed for 200 hours at 90°C, CO2 partial pressure of 3.8 bar using a superficial gas velocity (Vsg) of 10 m/s and a superficial liquid velocity (Vsl) of 0.1 m/s. Three measurement techniques; ER, LPR, and WL were used simultaneously in the experiments. Localized corrosion occurred at the bottom of the pipe around the iron saturation point. The to
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Svenningsen, Gaute, Martin Foss, Rolf Nyborg, Hiroshi Fukagawa, and Iwan Kurniawan. "Top of Line Corrosion with High CO2 and Organic Acid." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02591.

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Abstract Top of line corrosion loop experiments have been performed at 85 °C with 10 bar CO2 and 0.1 – 1 mbar H2S. The acetic acid content was varied between 360 and 3030 mg/kg acetic acid in the condensed water. Under these conditions corrosion products consisting mainly of iron carbonate were formed on the steel surface where condensation occurred. This is in contrast to previous experiments under similar conditions at 25 °C, where the corrosion products contained mostly iron sulfide due to the slow precipitation of iron carbonate at low temperature. The top of line corrosion rate increased
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Eslami, Maryam, Bernardo Augusto Farah Santos, David Young, Maria Eduarda Dias Serenário, Sondre Gjertsen, and Marc Singer. "Influence of High CO2 Partial Pressure on Top-of-the-Line Corrosion." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-21220.

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Abstract Top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) is an important type of material degradation that occurs due to the heat exchange between the pipeline and its surroundings, which results in water condensation on the internal surface of the pipe. This type of corrosion is specific to wet gas pipelines with stratified flow regimes. In this research, the effect of high CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) on TLC rate and mechanism was studied. The experiments were conducted in a high-pressure TLC autoclave with pCO2 ranging from 20 to 100 bar, solution temperatures of 30 and 50 °C, and different water condensati
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Presuel-Moreno, Francisco J., and Douglas Rourke. "Review of Galvanized Rebar Performance on G-109 Specimens after 9 Years." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09209.

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Abstract As part of the efforts toward achieving bridges with a service life of 100 plus years, a study was initiated almost nine years ago to assess the use of galvanized rebars. Three different reinforcing steel bars were used in this study: regular carbon steel rebar, galvanized rebar and Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath bar “GF” (the last two are Zn coated bars). The specimens used to rank the rebars were ASTM G-109. Several concrete-mixes-series were prepared. Parameters varied: two water/cement ratios and the effect of two admixtures pozzolanic admixtures. Another variable was the shape of
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Crolet, Jean-Louis, and Michel R. Bonis. "Why So Low Free Acetic Acid Thresholds in Sweet Corrosion at Low PCO2?" In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05272.

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Abstract In condensed water, the free acetic acid content (HAc) is physically dissolved from the gas (or oil) phase, and this induces an overacidification of the CO2 solution. When HAc becomes the dominant acid, this increases the solubility of corrosion products, i.e. the iron content Fesat at the saturation of corrosion products in FeCO3. The empirical field thresholds of 1 and 0.1 mM HAc actually correspond to the same acidifying power as 2 and 0.2 bar of pure CO2, i.e. nearly the API limits of 1958… which nobody has ever considered as low ! In reservoir water, the free HAc is chemically pr
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"Effect of Admixture Combination on Top-Bar Effect of Highly Flowable and Self-Consolidating Concrete Mixtures." In SP-247: Self-Consolidating Concrete for Precast Prestressed Applications. American Concrete Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/18996.

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Büyüker, Zehra, Gökçen Bombar, and António Heleno Cardoso. "Effect of Sediment Load on Bed Morphology of a Movable-bed Symmetrical Confluence." In 8th International Students Science Congress. ULUSLARARASI ÖĞRENCİ DERNEKLERİ FEDERASYONU (UDEF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2024.013.

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River confluences are locations where two or more rivers merge and continue to flow as a single stream. At a confluence, hydrodynamics, sediment transport processes, and morpho-dynamics influence and modify each other. The flow structure of the confluence zone interacts with the sediment transport, which results in bed morphology changes. In this study, two experiments were carried out in the large-scale open channel confluence of İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University Hydraulics Laboratory, where two symmetrical tributaries forming a right-angle lead to a main channel. While the flow rate from each tr
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