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Journal articles on the topic 'Top Chord'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Koelsch, Stefan, and Sebastian Jentschke. "Differences in Electric Brain Responses to Melodies and Chords." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 10 (2010): 2251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21338.

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The music we usually listen to in everyday life consists of either single melodies or harmonized melodies (i.e., of melodies “accompanied” by chords). However, differences in the neural mechanisms underlying melodic and harmonic processing have remained largely unknown. Using EEG, this study compared effects of music-syntactic processing between chords and melodies. In melody blocks, sequences consisted of five tones, the final tone being either regular or irregular (p = .5). Analogously, in chord blocks, sequences consisted of five chords, the final chord function being either regular or irre

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2

Regnault, Pascaline, Emmanuel Bigand, and Mireille Besson. "Different Brain Mechanisms Mediate Sensitivity to Sensory Consonance and Harmonic Context: Evidence from Auditory Event-Related Brain Potentials." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 13, no. 2 (2001): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892901564298.

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The goal of this study was to analyze the time-course of sensory (bottom-up) and cognitive (top-down) processes that govern musical harmonic expectancy. Eight-chord sequences were presented to 12 musicians and 12 nonmusicians. Expectations for the last chord were manipulated both at the sensory level (i.e., the last chord was sensory consonant or dissonant) and at the cognitive level (the harmonic function of the target was varied by manipulating the harmonic context built up by the first six chords of the sequence). Changes in the harmonic function of the target chord mainly modulate the ampl

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3

Alnebhan, Kareem Mohamed, and Muhaned A. Shallal. "Effect of filling steel tube chords by concrete on the structural behaviour of composite truss girders." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 13, no. 3 (2020): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v13i3.662.

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In this study, three specimens of Warren truss girders composite with concrete deck slab were tested experimentally under a central monotonic load to study the effect of the existence of concrete inside the chords. The load capacity, deflection, slip between the concrete slab and steel tube, and failure modes were reported. Both chords were filled with concrete to the first specimen, only the lower chord was filled with concrete and the upper chord remained hollow to the second specimen and both chords were kept hollow in the third specimen. The result indicated that the existence of concrete

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4

Parncutt, Richard, and Albert S. Bregman. "Tone Profiles following Short Chord Progressions: Top-down or Bottom-up?" Music Perception 18, no. 1 (2000): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285900.

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Three experiments explored the relationship between chroma-salience profiles of individual chords and tone profiles obtained after short chord progressions. Musicians' tone profiles for diatonic progressions of one, two, and three chords were compared with predictions of three models: a bottom- up stimulus model (number of times each chroma occurs in the progression), a top-down or schema-driven key model (best-fitting key profile of C. L. Krumhansl & E. J. Kessler, 1982), and an intermediate pitch model that includes both top-down and bottom-up components (cumulative pitch salience; R. Pa

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5

Cook, Scott. "Examining a Canadian Jazz Icon: Pitch-Class Hierarchy in Some Representative Examples of Kenny Wheeler." Articles 32, no. 1-2 (2013): 117–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1018581ar.

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The article examines some representative tunes by the notable Canadian jazz trumpeter and composer Kenny Wheeler. Though rooted in traditional jazz practices, Wheeler’s own compositions often deviate from tradition. For instance, his chord successions are sometimes highly chromatic and often non-diatonic. Further, he often excludes Mm7 chords, which diminishes the sense of traditional functionality. Yet his melodies tend to promote longer-reaching relationships that prioritize certain pitch-class collections over others. In contrast to the more traditional chord-scale approach commonly used to

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6

Tanijaya, Jonie. "Shear Stress Distribution in the Opening Chords of Hybrid R/C T-Beams with Opening." MATEC Web of Conferences 147 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814701005.

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This study is carried out to evaluate the potential of three hybrid T-beams with web openings theoretical shear stresses distribution. The shear stresses at the opening edges were plotted at the working stage, yielding stage and collapse stage for these three tested beams. The available experimental results from the previous research was compared to the finite element results as well as the developed analytical. The shear stress distribution at the middle of the top and bottom chords of the opening in pure bending region are zero. At the upper and lower corners of the opening occurs the maximu

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7

Kawauchi, Akio. "A chord diagram of a ribbon surface-link." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 24, no. 10 (2015): 1540002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216515400027.

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A ribbon chord diagram, or simply a chord diagram, of a ribbon surface-link in the 4-space is introduced. Links, virtual links and welded virtual links can be described naturally by chord diagrams with the corresponding moves, respectively. Some moves on chord diagrams are introduced by overseeing these special moves. Then the faithful equivalence on ribbon surface-links is stated in terms of the moves on chord diagrams. This answers questions by Nakanishi and Marumoto affirmatively. The faithful TOP-equivalence on ribbon surface-links derives the same result. By combining a previous result on

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8

Trong Ha, NGUYEN, and TRAN Anh Nghia. "SAFETY PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPRESSIVE TOP CHORD OF STEEL PONY TRUSS BRIDGES USING HYPERCUBE LATIN SAMPLING AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION." Vinh University Journal of Science 53, no. 1A (2023): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56824/vujs.2023a155.

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The steel pony-truss bridge is a structure commonly used in road and rail traffic. It has a simple structure, a large bearing capacity, and high economic efficiency. The safety of steel pony-truss bridges is highly dependent on the stability conditions of the top chord. This paper presents the reliability assessment of the compressive top chord of steel pony truss bridges according to stability conditions. For this purpose, a deterministic model was built from the stability conditions of the compressive top chord; then, a stochastic model was established based on the deterministic model, in wh

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9

Srinivasan, V., and R. J. Goldstein. "Effect of Endwall Motion on Blade Tip Heat Transfer." Journal of Turbomachinery 125, no. 2 (2003): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1554411.

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Local mass transfer measurements were conducted on the tip of a turbine blade in a five-blade linear cascade with a blade-centered configuration. The tip clearance levels ranged from 0.6 to 6.9% of blade chord. The effect of relative motion between the casing and the blade tip was simulated using a moving endwall made of neoprene mounted on the top of the wind tunnel. Data were obtained for a single Reynolds number of 2.7×105 based on cascade exit velocity and blade chord. Pressure measurements indicate that the effect of endwall motion on blade loading at a clearance of 0.6% of blade chord is

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10

A. Sabit, Hiba, and Aamer N. Abbas. "STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF HYBRID REINFORCED CONCRETE COUPLED BEAMS CONTAINING REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE AND HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, no. 02 (2021): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.25.2.8.

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Reactive powder concrete and high strength concrete have superior mechanical and structural properties, however, the major drawback of this new construction material is its high cost compared to traditional concrete. This study presents an experimental investigation on the structural behavior of hybrid rectangular cross section (coupled) reinforced concrete beams poured with normal and high strength concrete (HSC) at compression chord, normal strength concrete (NSC) at ribs, and reactive powder concrete (RPC) at tension chord. The experimental work consists of pouring and testing four specimen

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11

Clarke, Murray J., and Gregory J. Hancock. "Design of Top Chord of Stressed-Arch Frames." Journal of Structural Engineering 121, no. 2 (1995): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1995)121:2(201).

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12

de Clercq, Trevor, and David Temperley. "A corpus analysis of rock harmony." Popular Music 30, no. 1 (2011): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026114301000067x.

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AbstractIn this study, we report a corpus analysis of rock harmony. As a corpus, we used Rolling Stone magazine's list of the ‘500 Greatest Songs of All Time’; we took the 20 top-ranked songs from each decade (the 1950s through the 1990s), creating a set of 100 songs. Both authors analysed all 100 songs by hand, using conventional Roman numeral symbols. Agreement between the two sets of analyses was over 90 per cent. The analyses were encoded using a recursive notation, similar to a context-free grammar, allowing repeating sections to be encoded succinctly. The aggregate data was then subjecte

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13

He, Chenghao, and Qiyu Zou. "Seismic Analysis of Large-span Steel Truss Structure Based on PKPM." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 75 (December 28, 2023): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/v8f31053.

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In the construction industry, large-span steel truss structures are widely used. In order to test their seismic performance under different structures, select truss structures with better seismic performance, and use PKPM software to establish two cross-sectional triangular arch truss models with different web member arrangements, one cross-sectional trapezoidal arch truss model. Using the mode decomposition response spectrum method, simulate and analyze the displacement and stress changes of three sets of finite element calculation models under different load combinations during earthquakes.

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14

Lu, Hongna, Huagang Zhang, Kejian Ma, Qin Wu, and Lan Jiang. "Experimental Study and Numerical Study on Shear Bearing Capacity of Shear Key Joints of Reinforced Concrete Open-Web Sandwich Plates." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (November 12, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6197472.

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The shear key in the reinforced concrete open-web sandwich plate (RCOSP) is a block joint that connects with the top chord and the bottom chord. In order to understand the failure mode of the shear key and verify the accuracy of the current algorithm, a total of 9 test pieces are prepared and classified 3 groups were assigned longitudinal reinforcement (LR) ratios of 0.49%, 0.82%, and 1.24%, respectively. The horizontal concentrated static loading under simple support condition is carried out. The test results show that the shear key is horizontally cut and the concrete is pulled apart or crus

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15

Perera, S. V. T. J. "Innovative Floor Truss Top Chord for Achieving Long Spans." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 40, no. 4 (2007): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v40i4.7154.

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16

Vatovec, M., R. Gupta, and T. Miller. "Testing and Evaluation of Metal-Plate-Connected Wood Truss Joints." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 24, no. 2 (1996): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12676j.

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Abstract Five different types of metal-plate-connected (MPC) wood joints from a scissors truss were tested to evaluate their behavior. All joints were tested in a unique testing apparatus where in-plane loads along with moments were applied to simulate loads carried by the truss members. Strength, stiffness, and failure modes for bottom chord splice joints at web (BSJ), heel joints (HJ), crown joints (CJ), bottom chord ridge joints (BRJ), and top chord splice joints at web (TSJ) were reported. The average strengths of the BSJ, HJ, CJ, BRJ, and TSJ were 51 200 N, 49 800 N, 33 000 N, 52 300 N, a

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17

Krajewski, Marcin. "Stability and Load Bearing Capacity of a Bars with Built up Cross Section and Elastic Supports / Badania Stateczności I Nosności Prętów Złożonych Z Podporami Sprężystymi." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 16, no. 1 (2015): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2015-0007.

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Abstract The present paper is devoted to the numerical analysis and experimental tests of compressed bars with built-up cross section which are commonly used as a top chord of the roof trusses. The significant impact on carrying capacity for that kind of elements in case of out-of-plane buckling is appropriate choice of battens which are used to provide interaction between separate members. Linear buckling analysis results and nonlinear static analysis results, with material and geometrical nonlinearity, are presented for the bar with built-up cross section which was used as the top chord of t

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18

G., M. Gasii. "TYPES OF STEEL AND CONCRETE COMPOSITE CABLE SPACE FRAMES." Science and Transport Progress. Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport, no. 6(66) (December 25, 2016): 158–65. https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2016/90514.

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<strong>Purpose.</strong> Modern terms of the construction generate the need to find new structures, including roof systems that would meet modern requirements. An important aspect in finding constructive solutions for new structures is the use of reliable and advanced materials. Considering this, the decision to develop the new space structures to a wide implementation in practice of domestic and foreign construction are relevant and perspective direction of building structures development. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Given the results of previously conducted theoretical rese

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19

Zhao, Hai Long, Wen Xing Wang, Tie Cheng Wang, and Qin Shan Li. "Optimization of Top Steel-Tube Truss Construction Platform of Silo and Fitting of Curve Equation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 856–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.856.

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The influence of length of chord and depth of truss on displacement and bearing capacity of truss construction platform was evaluated based on the results of the finite element analysis on eight different diameters of the top steel-tube truss construction platform of silo. The bearing capacity increases with increasing of depth of truss. The bearing capacity increases with decreasing of length of chord. The maximal displacement increases with increasing of the diameter in the same joint loads, and the displacement curve of model fits better.

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20

Li, Bin, Zhong Liang Song, Yong Xian Ke, and Hong Da Liu. "Analysis of Local Stress and Vertical Deflection of Down Chord of Inverted Triangle Cargo Boom of Tower Crane." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 1212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.1212.

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Based on the inverted triangle cargo boom of ST80238 tower crane as the research object, the author took its local down chord as calculation model. ANSYS software is applied to impose the constraints and loads on the model, and the stress and deflection are analyzed. The results show that the top flange of the down chord and the web will be influenced by the axial force of the oblique truss, and larger local stress in the joint position and the surrounding of the oblique truss and the down chord are produced, as well as the largest local stress will be produced in the centre of the connective

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21

Kawauchi, Akio. "Faithful equivalence of equivalent ribbon surface-links." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 27, no. 11 (2018): 1843003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216518430034.

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A chord graph in [Formula: see text]-space is constructed from a ribbon surface-link in [Formula: see text]-space. In earlier papers, the three moves on the diagrams of chord graphs (namely, the chord diagrams) were introduced to describe the faithful equivalence of a ribbon surface-link. In this paper, it is shown that any two equivalent ribbon surface-links are faithfully equivalent, so that any chord diagrams of any two equivalent ribbon surface-links are connected by a finite number of these three moves. By combining it with an earlier result, it is shown that any two TOP-equivalent ribbon

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22

Liu, Renjie, Tianchen Cheng, Pan Wen, Chao Wang, and Guangyong Wang. "Effect of the MHS on Earthquake Response of Space Truss Structures under Horizontal Earthquake Motion." Buildings 13, no. 2 (2023): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020523.

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Space truss structures are commonly used in long-span roof structures. Recently, middle-hung scoreboards (MHS), a kind of large-scale display device flexibly suspended in the center of the roof, have been widely used in gymnasiums. However, the effect of the MHS on dynamic characteristics and earthquake response of space truss structures needs to be investigated. In this paper, the effect on the MHS under horizontal earthquake motion is studied. The simplified model, where the MHS is simplified to four fixed masses on a structure, and the flexibly suspended model are established with Abaqus so

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Krajewski, M., and P. Iwicki. "Analysis of Brace Stiffness Influence on Stability of the Truss." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 20, no. 1 (2015): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijame-2015-0007.

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Abstract The paper is devoted to the numerical and experimental research of stability of a truss with side elastic supports at the top chord. The structure is a model of a real roof truss scaled by factor ¼. The linear buckling analysis and non-linear static analysis were carried out. The buckling length factor for the compressed top chord was calculated and the limit load for the imperfect truss shell model with respect to brace stiffness was obtained. The relation between brace normal force and loading of the truss is presented. The threshold stiffness of braces necessary to obtain the maxim

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Bharucha, Jamshed J. "Music Cognition and Perceptual Facilitation: A Connectionist Framework." Music Perception 5, no. 1 (1987): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285384.

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The mind internalizes persistent structural regularities in music and recruits these internalized representations to facilitate subsequent perception. Facilitation underlies the generation of musical expectations and implications and the influence of a musical context on consonance and memory. Facilitation is demonstrated in experiments showing priming of chords: chords that are harmonically closely related to a preceding context are processed more quickly than chords that are harmonically distant from the context. A tonal context enhances intonational sensitivity for related chords and height

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25

Thejeel, Marwa M., and Muhaned A. Shallal. "Experimental Study of Self-Compacted Concrete-Filled Steel Tube (CFST) Truss Girders." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 12, no. 2 (2019): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v12i2.595.

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Concrete filled steel tube one of the most important modern innovations in the world. This paper studies the performance of steel tube truss girders filled with self-compacting concrete. Four CFST truss girders specimens tested. The first novelty in this research was using square tubes to made truss girder; the main parameters were bottom chord concrete compressive grade and reinforce steel bar is embedded in the bottom chord (second novelty). One bar with a nominal diameter 16 mm was used to reinforce the concrete in the bottom chord while keeping the concrete in the top chord without reinfor

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Régis, Koch, Sanjosé Marlène, and Moreau Stéphane. "Aerodynamic investigation of a linear cascade with tip gap using large-eddy simulation." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 5 (April 7, 2021): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/133601.

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The flow in a linear compressor cascade with tip gap is simulated using a wall-resolved compressible Large-Eddy Simulation. The cascade is based on the Virginia Tech Low Speed Cascade Wind Tunnel. The Reynolds number based on the chord is 3.88 x 10⁵ and the Mach number is 0.07. The gap considered in this study is 4.0 mm (2.9% of axial chord). An aerodynamic analysis of the tip-leakage flow allow us identifying the main mechanisms responsible for the development and the convection of the tip-leakage vortex downstream of the cascade. A region of high turbulence and vorticity levels is located al

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Korcz-Konkol, Natalia, and Piotr Iwicki. "Stability of roof trusses stiffened by trapezoidal sheeting and purlins." MATEC Web of Conferences 219 (2018): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821902006.

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In the article linear buckling analysis of a set of steel trusses braced by purlins and trapezoidal sheeting are conducted. The buckling load factor due to the height of a corrugated sheeting profile is investigated in parametric studies. The minimal height of trapezoidal sheeting required for preventing the sheeting and chords of the trusses against the buckling is obtained. Two groups of models are considered: “axial” model as a simple one and “eccentric” model as a more complex one. In the second group of models, eccentricity between the top chord of the trusses and purlins is considered, b

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Xv, Huarui, Lei Zhao, Mingjian Wu, Kun Liu, Hongyue Zhang, and Zhilin Wu. "Analysis of the Impact of Structural Parameter Changes on the Overall Aerodynamic Characteristics of Ducted UAVs." Drones 7, no. 12 (2023): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7120702.

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Ducted UAVs have attracted much attention because the duct structure can reduce the propeller tip vortices and thus increase the effective lift area of the lower propeller. This paper investigates the effects of parameters on the aerodynamic characteristics of ducted UAVs, such as co-axial twin propeller configuration and duct structure. The aerodynamic characteristics of the UAV were analyzed using CFD methods, while the impact sensitivity analysis of the simulation data was sorted using the orthogonal test method. The results indicate that, while maintaining overall strength, increasing the

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29

Dr., Haitham Hasan Muteb Aldaami, and N. Almusawi Jenan. "The effect of Diameter of Interior Web Members on the behavior of Prefabricated Open Web Steel Joists." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 6, no. 10 (2022): 1266–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6223089.

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Open web steel joists are truss-type members are proven they are standing strength to weight ratio, flexible and adaptable design characteristics, amazing durability, and economic advantages. Its consists of five components, the top chord, the bottom chord, the end web, Bearing seat, and the interior web member. Openweb steel joists are used extensively in floors and roofs in many types of structures. In this research an experimental investigation was conducted to determine strength and general flexural behavior of prefabricated hybrid open web steel joists (HOWSJS) under central single concen

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Suhendra, Febry, Faisal Ananda, and Alamsyah Alamsyah. "Perencanaan Jembatan Rangka Baja Pelengkung Sungai Liong." Jurnal Gradasi Teknik Sipil 2, no. 2 (2018): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31961/gradasi.v2i2.594.

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Bengkalis government do project to build Liong river bridge with construction type is concrete arch bridge. But at relatively new service time, there was a big deflection in one of bridge segments. In this research will be design the bridge with steel arch bridge type. Bridge design using RSNI T-02-2005 about bridge load standard. For steel frame design refers to RSNI T-03-2005, and concrete structure design refers to RSNI T-12-2004. In piles calculation, using the Schmertmann method. The results of top structure design is top chord using WF.305.305.22.35, bottom chord WF. 305.305.

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Assily Alegre, Michel-Ange, and Robert Tremblay. "Experimental program on the flexural response of steel joist top chord extensions." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 186 (November 2021): 106890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106890.

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Assily Alegre, Michel-Ange, and Robert Tremblay. "Finite element analysis of flexural response of steel joist top chord extensions." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 190 (March 2022): 107122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.107122.

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Romaniuk, Volodymyr, Leonid Bezniuk, Volodymyr Supruniuk, Oleksandr Kononchuk, Olga Meshcheryakova, and Andrii Sorochak. "Experimental studies of a steel rafter arch with a perforated top chord." Procedia Structural Integrity 59 (2024): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2024.04.068.

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Xu, Jianshe, Haiyan Zhao, Rongzheng Chen, Pei Li, Lifeng Jia, and Wei Wang. "Study on the Mechanical Behavior of Top-Chord-Free Vierendeel-Truss Composite Slabs." Buildings 14, no. 11 (2024): 3452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113452.

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A top-chord-free Vierendeel-truss composite slab (TVCS) comprises a concrete slab, several vertical webs, and a steel bottom chord. In this study, static tests and finite element analyses were conducted based on an actual project to investigate the deformation, crack characteristics, ultimate bearing capacity, and failure mode of the composite slab. The findings indicated that the loading process of this type of floor can be divided into elastic, elastoplastic, and failure stages. The section stress distribution in the elastic stage was further analyzed. The crack development pattern exhibited

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Wales, Katie. "The Language of Landscape." English Today 32, no. 3 (2016): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000092.

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Landmarks is a book difficult to classify, yet it is of great interest to students of the English language. It is also a book that on publication in early 2015 struck such a chord with the general readership that it spent several months in booksellers’ ‘top ten’ lists.

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Lv, Hui, Zhaoquan Chen, Shilin Dong, Zhongyi Zhu, Xin Xie, and Yanfen Zhong. "Analytical Study of Structural Conformation and Prestressing State of Drum-Shaped Honeycomb Quad-Strut Cable Dome Structure with Different Calculation Methods." Buildings 14, no. 1 (2024): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010179.

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Building upon the analytical study of the structural configuration and prestress state of the drum-shaped quad-strut cable dome, we conducted further investigation into its structural configuration. By employing the nodal equilibrium equations to solve the prestress state analysis of the cable dome, we compared the effects of two different cable laying methods on the prestress state of the cable dome structure. These methods include equal length of the radial horizontal projection of the upper chord ridge cables and equal radial chord length of the upper chord ridge cables. The analysis result

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Biegus, Antoni, and Dariusz Czepiżak. "Equivalent stabilizing force of members parabolically compressed by longitudinally variable axial force." MATEC Web of Conferences 262 (2019): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926209004.

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The EN 1993-1-1 model of equivalent stabilizing force qd and Rd of bracings conservatively assumes that the braced member is compressed with a force constant along its length. This assumption is incorrect since the axial force distribution varies along the length of the braced member. As a result, the braced member generates equivalent stabilizing forces different from equivalent force qd and Rd acc. to EN 1993-1-1. This paper presents parametric studies of the equivalent stabilizing forces of the braced, compression top chord of roof trusses. The girder’s top chord is compressed parabolically

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Fenglin, Yao, Zhao Jie, Xie Changkai, et al. "Research on bearing capacity of cross-type truss boom with variable cross-section of Crawler cranes." Mechanics & Industry 24 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2022028.

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The web crossed truss boom is one of the commonly used truss boom structures of crawler cranes. However, the existing calculations fail to consider the limiting effect of the web members' bending resistance on the chord members, and cannot give full play to the load-bearing capacity of the existing structure. This paper takes the top section of the Crawler crane truss boom as the research object. The single-span truss theoretical model is established according to Timoshenko's elastic stability theory. And the theoretical critical load of the variable cross-section boom is obtained with full co

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Yang, Wenwei, Jiankang Lin, Ni-na Gao, and Ruhao Yan. "Experimental Study on the Static Behavior of Reinforced Warren Circular Hollow Section (CHS) Tubular Trusses." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (2018): 2237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112237.

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For truss structures, the question of whether to weld hidden welds or not has been controversial. In the actual construction process of truss structures, the members are usually spot welded in place on the assembly platform, and then welded as a whole, while the hidden welds of the truss are not welded, especially for small pipe diameter trusses. Furthermore, in this study, under hidden weld unwelded conditions, two kinds of reinforcing method (adding a half outer sleeve on each joint and filling concrete into the chord members) are adopted to achieve the purpose of strengthening the truss. Th

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El-Sheikh, A. L. "Nonlinear Numerical Analysis of Composite Space Trusses." International Journal of Space Structures 9, no. 4 (1994): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635119400900405.

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The composite action between an upper concrete slab and a double-layer space truss has been shown to have positive effects on the behaviour of such structures. Primarily, the prevention of the typical brittle behaviour of trusses and the introduction of appreciable ductility are among the important benefits. Substantial improvements have been achieved also in both stiffness and ultimate strength. The analysis of composite space trusses requires a careful study especially in the modelling of the shear connection between the concrete slab and the steel truss, involving shear studs mounted on bot

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Keshvadi, Sina, Amir Masoud Rahmani, and Habib Rostami. "Recommend top-k most downloaded files in the chord-based P2P file-sharing system." Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications 10, no. 1 (2015): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12083-015-0420-5.

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Clarke, Murray J., and Gregory J. Hancock. "Simple design procedure for the cold-formed tubular top chord of stressed-arch frames." Engineering Structures 16, no. 5 (1994): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(94)90031-0.

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Liu, Jia Bin, Zheng Xing Guo, and Le Qi Chen. "Research on Precast Roof Truss of Prestressed Concrete Square Pile." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.359.

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The precast roof truss of prestressed concrete square pile is a new self-balancing system composed of prestressed concrete square pile, strut and steel tension rod. Based on finite element analysis methods, the bending moment and deformation under most unfavorable design load was checked upon crack resistant bending moment to verify its engineering feasibility, the optimal prestressed value was analyzed to get the camber of the top chord beam, and the optimal tension method for bottom chord tension rod was determined. Compared with finite element analysis results, the full scale model test was

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Berg, Larry K., and Evgueni I. Kassianov. "Temporal Variability of Fair-Weather Cumulus Statistics at the ACRF SGP Site." Journal of Climate 21, no. 13 (2008): 3344–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli2266.1.

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Abstract Continental fair-weather cumuli exhibit significant diurnal, day-to-day, and year-to-year variability. This study describes the climatology of cloud macroscale properties, over the U.S. Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. The diurnal cycle of cloud fraction, cloud-base height, cloud-top height, and cloud thickness were well defined. The cloud fraction reached its maximum value near 1400 central standard time. The average cloud-base height increased throughout the day, while the average cloud

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Monforton, Gerard R., Murray C. Temple, and Gerhard W. H. Wolf. "An experimental and theoretical evaluation of a floor truss system." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 3 (1993): 407–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-056.

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Floor joists consisting of 38 × 89 mm top and bottom chords connected by galvanized steel V webs are often used in the construction of low-rise buildings where long spans are required. An experimental and theoretical program was undertaken to evaluate the performance of such joists when used in conjunction with plywood sheathing attached to the top chord to form a truss floor system. A finite-element analysis procedure for sandwich beams with faces of unequal thickness was adapted in order to predict the load-deflection curves of full-scale floor systems. The experimental program involved the

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Zhang, Jindan, Junlin Chen, Xiaogang Ye, Xiuli Qiu, Lijiao Deng, and Ying Su. "Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of the Composite Bottom Slab of the Stiffened Steel Truss." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2519, no. 1 (2023): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2519/1/012030.

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Abstract In order to study the influence of rib size on the flexural performance of the new reinforced truss concrete composite floor slab, two precast reinforced concrete floor slabs and one ordinary reinforced truss composite floor slab were designed and manufactured for flexural performance tests. The failure mode of the concrete slab under uniform load was analyzed, and the influence of rib size on the flexural capacity of the floor slab was studied. The results show that the stiffening of the steel truss composite slab can significantly improve the stiffness of the precast slab and effect

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Maskur, Atep, M. Agung Wibowo, and Setya Winarno. "Damage Assessment Method for Light Steel Roof Frames: Case Study of Government Buildings." Semesta Teknika 27, no. 1 (2024): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/st.v27i1.18341.

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The tornado disaster in Ciamis Regency damaged 55 buildings, including the Panawangan District Office. The aim of this research was to identify the condition and level of damage to the Light Steel Roof Frame Structures that were damaged and determine the ranking or percentage of damage. By making direct observations at the location of the incident. The result is that: The roof covering element uses zincalum metal with the batten frame partially damaged on the left side of the building above the hall and the right corner of the front of the building. The battom chord, top chord and web elements

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Golikov, Alexandr V., Igor M. Garanzha, Anastasiya S. Ilchenko, Milena M. Pisareva, and Anna R. Fedorova. "Analytical justification of influence of purses on the work of steel roof trusses compressed chain belt." Earthquake Engineering. Construction Safety, no. 2 (April 13, 2025): 31–46. https://doi.org/10.37153/2618-9283-2025-2-31-46.

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Introduction. Paper is devoted to analytical justification of purlins operation as struts based on the study of mechanical processes and stress-strain state. Paper presents additional factors characterizing the inclusion of purlin in joint work with the pavement structures, such as the blackness of the bolt hole, the tightening force of the bolt connection, the influence of the eccentricity of purlin resting on the top chord of truss. As a result of study it was established that pliability of purlin connection to the top chord of truss is not a reason to prohibit the use of purlin as a strut a

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Zhang, Ziru. "Study on the truss damage measurement based on Bayesian updating." Applied and Computational Engineering 66, no. 1 (2024): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/66/20240957.

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Bayesian updating can integrate new observations in real time. This online updating property makes the Bayesian approach particularly suitable for dynamic monitoring of structural damage. In this paper, the node displacements are obtained by the finite element software OpenSees, assuming that the bars are damaged and the stiffness is reduced. Rejection Sampling method is used to determine the stiffness drop interval. During the sampling process, different load sizes, load locations, errors and types are selected to realize the updating of the stiffness of the top chord bar, bottom chord bar, v

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Basta, Craig Thomas, Rakesh Gupta, Robert J. Leichti, and Arijit Sinha. "Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C⊥) behavior in wood construction." Holzforschung 65, no. 6 (2011): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2011.104.

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Abstract Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (C⊥) design values for wood members are based on mean stress obtained from ASTM D143 specimen. The standard ASTM test with metal on wood bearing has limited applicability in modern construction assemblies with C⊥ loading scenarios. Previous work has shown that end-bearing conditions and wood-on-wood C⊥ bearing is a more severe case as opposed to load applied over central area and metal-on-wood bearing. This study evaluated C⊥ behavior of typical assemblies used in construction, in which members experience C⊥ stresses near their longitudinal-e

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