Books: 'Topographie – Rome'

1

Topographie de Rome. Paris, France: L'Harmattan, 2000.

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2

Die Gotenkriege des Valens: Studien zu Topographie und Chronologie im unteren Donauraum von 366 bis 378 n. Chr. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1990.

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3

Adamczyk, Georges. Ingberg, prix de Rome Canada 1993-1994: Topographies de l'anomalie et de l'indéterminé. Montréal: Centre de design de l'Université du Québec à Montréal, 1996.

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4

Liebrand, Claudia. Gender-Topographien: Kulturwissenschaftliche Lektüren von Hollywoodfilmen der Jahrhundertwende. Köln: DuMont, 2003.

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5

Cessi, Paola. On the role of topography and of boundary forcing in the ocean circulation. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987.

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6

Wang, Liping. The dynamic role of ridges in a Ý-plane channel towards understanding the dynamics of large scale circulation in the southern ocean. [Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1993.

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7

Wang, Liping. The dynamic role of ridges in a Ý-plane channel towards understanding the dynamics of large scale circulation in the southern ocean. [Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1993.

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8

Coates-Stephens, Robert. Porta Maggiore: Monument and landscape : archaeology and topography of the southern Esquiline from the late Republican period to the present. Roma: L'Erma di Bretschneider, 2004.

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9

Zandvliet, K. Mapping for money: Maps, plans, and topographic paintings and their role in Dutch overseas expansion during the 16th and 17th centuries. Amsterdam: Batavian Lion International, 1998.

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10

Müntz, Eugène. Les antiquités de la ville de Rome aux XIVe, XVe et XVIe siècles: (Topographie - monuments - collections). Adamant Media Corporation, 2001.

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11

Gell, William. Topography of Rome and Its Vicinity. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2012.

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12

Gell, William. Topography of Rome and Its Vicinity. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2012.

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13

Gell, William. Topography of Rome and Its Vicinity. HardPress, 2020.

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14

Cultural History of Augustan Rome: Texts, Monuments, and Topography. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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15

West-Harling, Veronica. Rome, Ravenna, and Venice, 750-1000. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754206.001.0001.

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The richest and most politically complex regions in Italy in the earliest Middle Ages were the Byzantine sections of the peninsula, thanks to their links with the most coherent early medieval state, the Byzantine Empire. This comparative study of the histories of Rome, Ravenna, and Venice arises from their unifying element: their common Byzantine past, since all three escaped being incorporated into the Lombard kingdom in the late seventh and early eighth centuries. By 750, however, their political links with the Byzantine Empire were irrevocably severed, except in the case of Venice. Thus, after 750, and in the ninth and tenth centuries, did these cities remain socially and culturally heirs of Byzantium in their political structures, social organization, material culture, ideological frame of reference, and representation of identity? Did they become part of the Western political and ideological framework of Italy: Frankish Carolingian in the ninth, and German Ottonian in the tenth, centuries? This book attempts to identify and analyse the ways in which each of these cities preserved the continuity of structures of the late antique and Byzantine cultural and social world; or in which they adapted each and every element available in Italy to their own needs, at various times, and in various ways. It does so through a story which encompasses the main contemporary narratives, the documentary evidence, recent archaeological discoveries, and discussions on art history, and it follows the markers of status and identity through titles, names, ethnic groups, liturgy and ritual, foundation myths, representations, symbols, and topographies of power

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16

Fabric of Cities: Aspects of Urbanism, Urban Topography and Society in Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome. BRILL, 2013.

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17

Engineering the Eternal City: Infrastructure, Topography, and the Culture of Knowledge in Late Sixteenth-Century Rome. University of Chicago Press, 2018.

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18

Long, Pamela O. Engineering the Eternal City: Infrastructure, Topography, and the Culture of Knowledge in Late Sixteenth-Century Rome. University of Chicago Press, 2018.

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19

Krautheimer, Richard. Three Christian Capitals: Topography and Politics (Una's Lectures). University of California Press, 1987.

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20

Schibler, Jörg. Zooarchaeological results from Neolithic and Bronze Age wetland and dryland sites in the Central Alpine Foreland. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.6.

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A small but very diverse structured landscape, a high degree of preservation of archaeological findings and structures because of waterlogged conditions, and very precise dendrochronological dating are the advantages of the archaeological and archaeozoological situation in Switzerland. These opportunities allow differentiating the topographic, environmental, and cultural conditions that influenced and shaped the role of domestic and wild animals in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Because of the proximity to the Alps, unfavourable weather conditions had a strong impact on agricultural production, resulting frequently in a more intense use of wild resources. Therefore, during the Neolithic, but even in the Bronze Age, hunting played periodically an important role. On the other hand, the topographic situation, the extent of open landscapes resulting from human clearances, as well as cultural influences, are responsible for the variable importance of different domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goat, and pig.

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21

Berman, Daniel W. Cities-Before-Cities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744771.003.0003.

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Foundation myths are a crucial component of many Greek cities’ identities. But the mythic tradition also represents many cities and their spaces before they were cities at all. This study examines three of these ‘prefoundational’ narratives: stories of cities-before-cities that prepare, configure, or reconfigure, in a conceptual sense, the mythic ground for foundation. ‘Prefoundational’ myths vary in both form and function. Thebes, before it was Thebes, is represented as a trackless and unfortified backwater. Croton, like many Greek cities in south Italy, credited Heracles with a kind of ‘prefounding’, accomplished on his journey from the West back to central Greece. And the Athenian acropolis was the object of a quarrel between Athena and Poseidon, the results of which gave the city its name and permanently marked its topography. In each case, ‘prefoundational’ myth plays a crucial role in representing ideology, identity, and civic topography.

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22

Gensheimer, Maryl B. The Power of Place. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190614782.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 addresses questions of topography and urban design in order to analyze the “power of place”—that is, the Baths’ deliberate associations with preexisting monuments as part of a larger dynastic building program within the city of Rome. The construction and decoration of the Baths of Caracalla, it is argued, engaged with broader concerns about dynastic legitimacy and imperial power. Thus, the chapter focuses attention on the ways in which the building program sponsored by both Caracalla and his father and imperial predecessor, Septimius Severus (r. 192–211 C.E.), repeatedly emphasizes key themes related to familial legitimacy, imperial authority, and military success.

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23

Guillery, Ray. The pathways for action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806738.003.0003.

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Early nineteenth-century studies demonstrated, on the basis of clinical, experimental, and anatomical evidence, that a motor pathway, the corticospinal or pyramidal tract, passes from a specific area of the cortex, the precentral motor cortex, to the brainstem and spinal cord. The motor cortex can be seen as a topographic map of the movable body parts, and damage to the cortex or pathways produces correspondingly localized paralysis. However, there are a great many other pathways that link other areas of the cortex to parts of the brain active in the control of movements. These still play a puzzling role in the standard model where the control of movements focuses on cortical contributions to voluntary movements by the corticospinal pathways.

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24

Casson, Catherine, Mark Casson, John Lee, and Katie Phillips. Compassionate Capitalism. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529209259.001.0001.

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This book examines the evolution of compassionate capitalism in medieval England, using a unique and comprehensive source of information, the Cambridge Hundred Rolls. It demonstrates how compassionate capitalism developed through the bequest of rental income on property to charitable and religious institutions, such as hospitals, abbeys and friaries. This rental income was generated by the dramatic growth of an urban property market, through which wealthy merchants invested the profits of trade in property development. Compassionate capitalism was a driving force in the medieval economy from the mid-1200s to the Black Death of 1348. The Cambridge Hundred Rolls record a comprehensive survey of the town in 1279, profiling property location, ownership and use, the gifting of rents and the transmission of property between generations. It identifies over 30 leading family dynasties and the factors behind their rise and decline. By synthesising this information it is possible to reconstruct the economic topography of the town and to compare the occupational structure of different parishes. This leads to a fundamental revaluation of the topography of medieval Cambridge and the role of property markets in urban development. It also reveals the influence of religious teaching on the management of economic assets by family dynasties.

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25

Atti del secondo Congresso di topografia antica La città romana, Roma, 15-16 maggio 1996 =: [Proceedings of the second congress of ancient topography ...]. Galatina (Lecce): M. Congedo, 1999.

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26

Kamash, Zena. Memories of the Past in Roman Britain. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.037.

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After setting out the history of memory studies and the role of archaeology in these studies, this chapter examines three realms of memory in Roman Britain: the burial of memories; the reorganization of landscapes and memories; and the building of religious memory. First, I explore how burying people and objects can be part of the memory process, focusing on embodied actions and the use of legendary topographies in the landscape. I then examine how different memory communities responded to major periods of landscape reorganization, linking this to wider discussions about the creation and maintenance of identity in Roman Britain. Finally, I explore the Romano-Celtic temple phenomenon. I argue that the construction of temples was linked to the kinds of memory-making that are particularly prevalent in times of social instability, a phenomenon seen as part of a broader set of processes that began in the late Iron Age.

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27

Snyder, James, and Thomas J. Dishion. Introduction. Edited by Thomas J. Dishion and James Snyder. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324552.013.1.

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This chapter provides an introduction to the concept of coercion in human relationships. Coercion is defined as an interpersonal strategy that results in avoidance or escape of an aversive social experience. We describe the basic topographic, functional, and contextual factors associated with coercion. The varied ways in which coercive behaviors are manifested and operate in multiple social relationships are described, along with the kinds of social contingencies and conditions that grow coercive dynamics. The origins, shaping by social environmental experiences, and longer term outcomes of coercive behaviors and relationship dynamics are discussed from a developmental perspective. Research on coercion was inspired by an interest to design effective interventions. The dialectic between applied and basic research strengthens our scientific understanding of the role of coercive relationship dynamics in developmental outcomes and provides the basis for several evidenced-based interventions that improve the lives of children and families.

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28

Harris, Sarah. Service Providers as Digital Media Infrastructure. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039362.003.0009.

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This chapter documents the critical role of service providers in the development of today's digital media systems. It illustrates how an ethnographic approach to media infrastructures helps to connect hard infrastructural forms, such as wires, transmissions towers, and buildings, with soft infrastructural forms, including institutions, protocols, and social practices. It then focuses on circumvention practices in Turkey. The work of Turkey's cybercafé operators forms a key component of Internet infrastructure, critically shaping the social topography of media in the country. The cafés and their operators coordinate disparate technologies and communities and are sites where different protocols are negotiated. At the same time, in these locations, state infrastructural control, surveillance, and censorship can be undermined.

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29

Spencer, Diana. Varro’s Roman Ways. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768098.003.0003.

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During a tumultuous phase in Roman Republican politics M. Terentius Varro’s De Lingua Latina developed a complex and nuanced hermeneutic toolkit for citizen self-fashioning. Cicero once complimented Varro as the man whose work had led Romans home to a knowledge of themselves as agents within a specific and acculturated space. This chapter explores how De Lingua Latina works to deliver to successful readers a particular form of self-knowledge as Latin speakers within Roman space. Moving through the city, and being evaluated as part of that process, is central to Roman political agency; yet Varro’s Rome produces a sense of solitary progress through ostensibly random slices of city life, thus, the dérive, and the idea of cartographies of influence, become important. Moreover, the rich semiotic quality of the topography accompanies a more pragmatic story, drawing in politics, consumption, and agribusiness to defamiliarize individual and collective diurnal city rhythms.

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30

Porciani, Leone. Thucydides’ Predecessors and Contemporaries in Historical Poetry and Prose. Edited by Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster, and Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.14.

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The aim of this chapter is to discover, and to adopt, the perspective through which Thucydides himself observed the landscape of historical memory in the fifth century bce. In the complex topography that comes into sight, different forms of oral memory alternate with early attempts to apply writing to the description of the past. Every element of the fifth-century memory landscape (Herodotus, oral history, local historians, historical poetry, epitaphios logos) plays a precise role in forging Thucydides’ view and practice of history, and forces him to find his place and take a stand against other genres. This chapter argues that the genre of the Athenian epitaphios logos was crucial to the formation of Thucydides’ historical writing, since it first developed key practices such as a focus on the present, temporal articulation, and responsible subjectivity.

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31

O'Hara, Kieron, and Wendy Hall. Web Science. Edited by William H. Dutton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199589074.013.0003.

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This chapter introduces the important technologies and protocols that make up the Web and the social regularities that have helped it flourish. Next, it investigates the foundational assumptions of Web Science. An example that illustrates the role of Web Science in the development of a Web of Linked Data is reported. Web Science, which can help determine which practices and conventions are important, and how they associate to people's willingness to behave in a cooperative fashion, must be related with topography and also the dynamics of the Web. It also needs to take into account the variance of scale between intervention and outcome. Linking data permits the development of an extremely rich context for an inquiry. In general, the aim of Web Science is to develop a research and engineering community within which diverse methods of analysis and synthesis are routinely incorporated.

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32

Lapidge, Michael. The Roman Martyrs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811367.001.0001.

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The Roman Martyrs contains translations of forty Latin passiones of saints who were martyred in Rome or its near environs, during the period before the ‘peace of the Church’ (c. 312). Some of these Roman martyrs are universally known — SS. Agnes, Sebastian or Laurence, for example — but others are scarcely known outside the ecclesiastical landscape of Rome itself. Each of the translated passiones, which vary in length from a few paragraphs to over ninety, is accompanied by an individual introduction and commentary; the translations are preceded by an Introduction which describes the principal features of this little-known genre of Christian literature. The Roman passiones martyrum have never previously been collected together, and have never been translated into a modern language. They were mostly composed during the period 425 x 675, by anonymous authors who who were presumably clerics of the Roman churches or cemeteries which housed the martyrs’ remains. It is clear that they were composed in response to the huge explosion of pilgrim traffic to martyrial shrines from the late fourth century onwards, at a time when authentic records (protocols) of their trials and executions had long since vanished, and the authors of the passiones were obliged to imagine the circumstances in which martyrs were tried and executed. The passiones are works of pure fiction; and because they abound in ludicrous errors of chronology, they have been largely ignored by historians of the early Church. But although they cannot be used as evidence for the original martyrdoms, they nevertheless allow a fascinating glimpse of the concerns which animated Christians during the period in question: for example, the preservation of virginity, or the ever-present threat posed by pagan practices. And because certain aspects of Roman life will have changed little between (say) the second century and the fifth, the passiones throw valuable light on many aspects of Roman society, not least the nature of a trial before an urban prefect, and the horrendous tortures which were a central feature of such trials. Above all, perhaps, the passiones are an indispensable resource for understanding the topography of late antique Rome and its environs, since they characteristically contain detailed reference to the places where the martyrs were tried, executed, and buried. The book contains five Appendices containing translations of texts relevant to the study of Roman martyrs: the Depositio martyrum of A.D. 354 (Appendix I); the epigrammata of Pope Damasus d. 384) which pertain to Roman martyrs treated in the passiones (II); entries pertaining to Roman martyrs in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum (III); entries in seventh-century pilgrim itineraries pertaining to shrines of Roman martyrs in suburban cemeteries (IV); and entries commemorating these martyrs in early Roman liturgical books (V).

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33

Xue, Yongkang, Yaoming Ma, and Qian Li. Land–Climate Interaction Over the Tibetan Plateau. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.592.

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The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is the largest and highest plateau on Earth. Due to its elevation, it receives much more downward shortwave radiation than other areas, which results in very strong diurnal and seasonal changes of the surface energy components and other meteorological variables, such as surface temperature and the convective atmospheric boundary layer. With such unique land process conditions on a distinct geomorphic unit, the TP has been identified as having the strongest land/atmosphere interactions in the mid-latitudes.Three major TP land/atmosphere interaction issues are presented in this article: (1) Scientists have long been aware of the role of the TP in atmospheric circulation. The view that the TP’s thermal and dynamic forcing drives the Asian monsoon has been prevalent in the literature for decades. In addition to the TP’s topographic effect, diagnostic and modeling studies have shown that the TP provides a huge, elevated heat source to the middle troposphere, and that the sensible heat pump plays a major role in the regional climate and in the formation of the Asian monsoon. Recent modeling studies, however, suggest that the south and west slopes of the Himalayas produce a strong monsoon by insulating warm and moist tropical air from the cold and dry extratropics, so the TP heat source cannot be considered as a factor for driving the Indian monsoon. The climate models’ shortcomings have been speculated to cause the discrepancies/controversies in the modeling results in this aspect. (2) The TP snow cover and Asian monsoon relationship is considered as another hot topic in TP land/atmosphere interaction studies and was proposed as early as 1884. Using ground measurements and remote sensing data available since the 1970s, a number of studies have confirmed the empirical relationship between TP snow cover and the Asian monsoon, albeit sometimes with different signs. Sensitivity studies using numerical modeling have also demonstrated the effects of snow on the monsoon but were normally tested with specified extreme snow cover conditions. There are also controversies regarding the possible mechanisms through which snow affects the monsoon. Currently, snow is no longer a factor in the statistic prediction model for the Indian monsoon prediction in the Indian Meteorological Department. These controversial issues indicate the necessity of having measurements that are more comprehensive over the TP to better understand the nature of the TP land/atmosphere interactions and evaluate the model-produced results. (3) The TP is one of the major areas in China greatly affected by land degradation due to both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Preliminary modeling studies have been conducted to assess its possible impact on climate and regional hydrology. Assessments using global and regional models with more realistic TP land degradation data are imperative.Due to high elevation and harsh climate conditions, measurements over the TP used to be sparse. Fortunately, since the 1990s, state-of-the-art observational long-term station networks in the TP and neighboring regions have been established. Four large field experiments since 1996, among many observational activities, are presented in this article. These experiments should greatly help further research on TP land/atmosphere interactions.

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34

Gao, Yanhong, and Deliang Chen. Modeling of Regional Climate over the Tibetan Plateau. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.591.

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The modeling of climate over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) started with the introduction of Global Climate Models (GCMs) in the 1950s. Since then, GCMs have been developed to simulate atmospheric dynamics and eventually the climate system. As the highest and widest international plateau, the strong orographic forcing caused by the TP and its impact on general circulation rather than regional climate was initially the focus. Later, with growing awareness of the incapability of GCMs to depict regional or local-scale atmospheric processes over the heterogeneous ground, coupled with the importance of this information for local decision-making, regional climate models (RCMs) were established in the 1970s. Dynamic and thermodynamic influences of the TP on the East and South Asia summer monsoon have since been widely investigated by model. Besides the heterogeneity in topography, impacts of land cover heterogeneity and change on regional climate were widely modeled through sensitivity experiments.In recent decades, the TP has experienced a greater warming than the global average and those for similar latitudes. GCMs project a global pattern where the wet gets wetter and the dry gets drier. The climate regime over the TP covers the extreme arid regions from the northwest to the semi-humid region in the southeast. The increased warming over the TP compared to the global average raises a number of questions. What are the regional dryness/wetness changes over the TP? What is the mechanism of the responses of regional changes to global warming? To answer these questions, several dynamical downscaling models (DDMs) using RCMs focusing on the TP have recently been conducted and high-resolution data sets generated. All DDM studies demonstrated that this process-based approach, despite its limitations, can improve understandings of the processes that lead to precipitation on the TP. Observation and global land data assimilation systems both present more wetting in the northwestern arid/semi-arid regions than the southeastern humid/semi-humid regions. The DDM was found to better capture the observed elevation dependent warming over the TP. In addition, the long-term high-resolution climate simulation was found to better capture the spatial pattern of precipitation and P-E (precipitation minus evapotranspiration) changes than the best available global reanalysis. This facilitates new and substantial findings regarding the role of dynamical, thermodynamics, and transient eddies in P-E changes reflected in observed changes in major river basins fed by runoff from the TP. The DDM was found to add value regarding snowfall retrieval, precipitation frequency, and orographic precipitation.Although these advantages in the DDM over the TP are evidenced, there are unavoidable facts to be aware of. Firstly, there are still many discrepancies that exist in the up-to-date models. Any uncertainty in the model’s physics or in the land information from remote sensing and the forcing could result in uncertainties in simulation results. Secondly, the question remains of what is the appropriate resolution for resolving the TP’s heterogeneity. Thirdly, it is a challenge to include human activities in the climate models, although this is deemed necessary for future earth science. All-embracing further efforts are expected to improve regional climate models over the TP.

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Books on the topic 'Topographie – Rome'

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