Dissertations / Theses: 'Toponyme'

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Kohlheim, Volker. "Toponyme in der Literatur." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-150814.

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In comparison with personal names toponyms have been rather neglected in studies on literary onomastics. Place names may seem less promising for onomastic research because authors tend to anchor their narratives in the actual world much more than characters. However, place names in literature fulfil important tasks: they mainly contribute to the fictional constitution of space. The question whether the actual counterparts of fictional place names are of any importance for the reader has been discussed very controversially. But place names may also help to create a certain mood or local colour. They even may indicate the passing of time. As all these phenomena are based on mental processes which take place in the reader’s brain this paper tries to study them with the help of actual cognitive science.

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Rapa, Sanda, and Renate Silina-Pinke. "Die verbreitetsten grammatischen Modelle lettischer Toponyme." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung, 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71040.

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Kohlheim, Volker. "Toponyme in der Literatur: ein kognitivistischer Ansatz." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung e.V, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12848.

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In comparison with personal names toponyms have been rather neglected in studies on literary onomastics. Place names may seem less promising for onomastic research because authors tend to anchor their narratives in the actual world much more than characters. However, place names in literature fulfil important tasks: they mainly contribute to the fictional constitution of space. The question whether the actual counterparts of fictional place names are of any importance for the reader has been discussed very controversially. But place names may also help to create a certain mood or local colour. They even may indicate the passing of time. As all these phenomena are based on mental processes which take place in the reader’s brain this paper tries to study them with the help of actual cognitive science.

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Tibaut, Aurélie. "Vallons obscurs au pays du soleil. Etude d'un objet géographique, toponyme niçois devenu habitat européen." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00567854.

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Les Vallons Obscurs sont des sites Natura 2000 de la région niçoise, ensemble de vallons de rive gauche du Var, proches de la ville et protégés sur les plans régional, national et européen. Au XIXe siècle, le Vallon Obscur était un site niçois célèbre pour ses caractères physiques. La recherche porte d'abord sur la définition de cet objet géographique. Que sont les vallons obscurs, quels critères leur donnent vie et permettent de les localiser ? Cette expression imagée est à la fois toponyme, but de promenades touristiques et site remarquable. La deuxième partie, fondée sur l'exploitation des relevés de terrain et des documents d'archive, aborde l'origine et l'originalité de l'obscurité et compare les géosystèmes et les paysages des vallons obscurs à ceux des vallons qui ne le sont pas. La troisième partie explore l'avenir de ces vallons. La disparition du Vallon Obscur originel pose la question de la sensibilité et de la fragilité de tels sites. Une typologie des vallons étudiés ouvre la réflexion sur les processus à l'origine des mesures de protection et sur leurs conséquences. L'étude du vallon obscur, petit objet géographique qui n'est ni vallon sombre ni ravin obscur, conduit à discuter des politiques de gestion de l'environnement à échelles emboîtées.

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Tibaut, Aurélie. "Vallons obscurs au pays du soleil : étude d’un objet géographique, toponyme niçois devenu habitat européen." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040223.

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Les Vallons Obscurs sont des sites Natura 2000 de la région niçoise, ensemble de vallons de rive gauche du Var, proches de la ville et protégés sur les plans régional, national et européen. Au XIXe siècle, le Vallon Obscur était un site niçois célèbre pour ses caractères physiques. La recherche porte d’abord sur la définition de cet objet géographique. Que sont les vallons obscurs, quels critères leur donnent vie et permettent de les localiser ? Cette expression imagée est à la fois toponyme, but de promenades touristiques et site remarquable.La deuxième partie, fondée sur l’exploitation des relevés de terrain et des documents d’archive, aborde l’origine et l’originalité de l’obscurité et compare les géosystèmes et les paysages des vallons obscurs à ceux des vallons qui ne le sont pas. La troisième partie explore l’avenir de ces vallons. La disparition du Vallon Obscur originel pose la question de la sensibilité et de la fragilité de tels sites. Une typologie des vallons étudiés ouvre la réflexion sur les processus à l’origine des mesures de protection et sur leurs conséquences. L’étude du vallon obscur, petit objet géographique qui n’est ni vallon sombre ni ravin obscur, conduit à discuter des politiques de gestion de l’environnement à échelles emboîtées
The Vallons Obscurs are “Natura 2000” sites in the Nice area. The series of valleys are situated on the left bank of the river Var near the city and are protected on a regional, national and European level. In the 19th century, the Vallon Obscur was a unique valley in the region famous for its physical charecteristics. The research focuses primarily on the definition of the geographical object. Of what do the valleys consist and what criteria bring them to life and allow us to locate them? The Vallons Obscurs indeed a very colourful expression, is simultaneously a habitation name, an area of reputable tourist trails and a truly remarkable site. The second part, based on the exploitation of field surveys and archival documents, examines the origins and originality of the darkness of the vallon obscur and compares their geo-systems and landscapes to those of the valleys not considered obscure.The third part explores the future of these valleys. The disappearance of the original Vallon Obscur raises the question of the sensitivity and fragility of such sites. A typology of the valleys opens reflection allows us to reflect on the procedure behind protection measures and their consequences. The study of the vallon obscur, a small spatial object that is neither a dark valley nor a dark ravine will lead us to consider the politics of environmental management on a more fitting level

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Adam, Francine. "Des noms et des lieux : la médiation toponymique au Québec et en Arcadie du Nouveau-Brunswick." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040049/document.

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La médiation toponymique est l’un des ensembles relationnels qui font une terre habitée, ici le Québec et l’Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick. Trois souches linguistiques principales y ont déployé les lieux : l’autochtone, la française, l’anglaise. Les motifs de dénomination reliés à la propriété et la fréquentation, l’appartenance et l’événement, l’expérience directe et l’honorifique fondent la résonance des noms et de la terre. Les noms de lieux constituent un héritage à vivre et à transmettre. Corps, cœur et esprit alimentent une toponymie affective et sensible qui ressortit aux visions et perceptions du milieu naturel, s’exprime par l’anthroponynie (possessive et honorifique) et la consécration culturelle, imprègne la dynamique des changements de noms. En est une illustration le débat identitaire dans le contexte des fusions municipales au Québec. La dimension spécifiquement sémantique de la toponymie affective et sensible a permis d’établir trois grandes classes thématiques : empreintes possessives et identitaires, sens et sensations, ambiances et sentiments. Des profils régionaux apparaissent au Québec et des profils de comtés en Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick ; une toponymie des bonheurs et des malheurs se dessine. De cette mise en parallèle du Québec et de l’Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick, il ressort des types toponymiques fortement contrastés qui témoignent de leur histoire politique respective et du rôle des autorités institutionnelles en la matière
The toponymic mediation is one of the systems of relationships, which compose an inhabited land, here Quebec and Acadia of New Brunswick. Three main linguistic stems have influenced the construction of places : the autochthonous one, the French one and the English one. Denomination in relationship with property and socializing, belonging and event, direct experience and honours make the names resound with the earth. The place names offer an inheritance to live with and transmit. Body, heart and mind nourish an affective and sensitive toponymy, which relies on visions and perceptions of the environment. It expresses itself through anthroponymy (possessive and honorary) and through cultural consecration ; it influences the dynamics of changing names. An illustration of that is the debate on identity in the context of municipal mergers in Quebec. The specifically semantic dimension of affective and sensitive toponymy establishes three great thematic categories : imprints of possession and identity, senses and sensations, atmospheres and feelings. Regional profiles appear in Quebec and profiles of counties in Acadia of New Brunswick : it outlines a toponymy of happiness and sorrow. Very contrasted toponymic types stand out from this comparison between Quebec and Acadia of New Brunswick ; they testify to the respective political history of both regions and to the role of institutional authorities

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Saïm, Boussad. "Des modes de signifiance du nom propre : l'exemple de M. Mammeri, Y. Kateb et J.-M.-G. Le Clézio." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENL025.

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L'objectif de la thèse consiste à analyser les modes de signifiance du nom propre dans les œuvres de M.Mammeri, Y. Kateb et J-M-G Le Clézio. La première partie porte sur les lieux communs du propre. La tradition, l'école envisagée dans le contexte colonial et la civilisation techniciste peuvent constituer des sources d'aliénation du nom. Aussi se transforment-ils souvent en lieux de tensions idéologiques qui se traduisent dans le conflit entre les enfants et les pères, le colonisé et le colonisateur. Pour parer à ce défaut d'être, les écrivains vont opérer un retour au lieu. C'est l'objet de la deuxième partie qui est consacrée à la reconquête symbolique du propre. Les lieux vont jouer un rôle déterminant dans la vie des personnages et seront intimement liés à leur destin et à leur nom. La troisième partie, placée sous le signe de l'écriture,vise à penser le nom dans une option radicale en tant que moyen dans la quête de l'absolu
L'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais

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Massala, Marius. "Recherche intelligente d'informations géographiques à partir des toponymes, des métadonnées et d'une ontologie : application aux forêts du Bassin congolais." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944973.

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Classées parmi les forêts tropicales, les forêts du bassin du Congo constituent un immense sanctuaire écologique digne de conservation que l'on classe juste derrière l'Amazonie en Amérique du sud. Le développement des États financé à grands budget, conjugué à l'urbanisation galopante et à l'augmentation de la population, s'accompagnent de problèmes environnementaux qui se posent avec acuité. C'est dans ce contexte que s'inscrivent nos travaux de thèse. Notre objectif a été de proposer une méthodologie qui vise à mettre en place un mécanisme de recherche des informations via internet pour les pays de cette région. L'utilisation des métadonnées, des toponymes et d'une ontologie a paru l'une des pistes potentielles pouvant aider à la résolution des problèmes rencontrés dans le suivi de la dynamique des objets spatiaux ainsi que l'accès efficace à des ressources informationnelles. A la différence des autres modèles, celui que nous proposons lie la dynamique spatio-temporelle des objets à celle de leurs toponymes et permet la description des ressources informationnelles à partir de mots clé provenant de l'ontologie et de l'index des toponymes.

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Drummond, Peter John. "An analysis of toponyms and toponymic patterns in eight parishes of the upper Kelvin basin." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5270/.

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This thesis examines a small but unfashionable area of Scotland, invisible to tourist guidebooks, heavily urbanised, and whose towns have won environmental ‘Carbuncle awards’ from the Scottish media. Yet it is deep in Gaelic and Scots place-names which reveal a landscape that past inhabitants perceived to be a green and relatively pleasant land, if perhaps not flowing with milk and honey. Part Three belies its numeration, in that it is the core of the study, examining in detail the place-names of eight (modern) parishes, listing old forms and attempting a sound etymology for each. Part One, based on the data gathered for Part Three, attempts to seek patterns among these names, both between and within the languages concerned. Inter alia, it seeks to explore the degree to which the choice of elements for a particular name, from any language’s toponymicon, is conditioned by cultural, political and social influences ranging from feudal and parochial authorities, through the influence of Scots-speaking merchants, to onomastic local farming customs. The lessons derived from Part One were then used to shed light on some etymologies in Part Three: and hopefully will be of value to researchers in other areas of the country.

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Castaño, Fernández Antonio Maria. "Los nombres de la serena : estudios de toponimia extremeña /." Mérida : Ed. Regional de Extremadura, 1998. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/306788691.pdf.

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Batista, PatrÃcia de Oliveira. "A toponÃmia cearense em documentos do sÃculo XIX." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12889.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
A ToponÃmia Ã a ciÃncia que estuda os nomes prÃprios de lugares. Os estudos toponÃmicos tÃm se revelado de grande importÃncia para o resgate de caracterÃsticas culturais, ideolÃgicas e linguÃsticas dos grupos humanos que habitaram ou habitam um dado lugar, bem como para a recuperaÃÃo de aspectos fÃsicos do prÃprio lugar. Com base nessas consideraÃÃes, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a motivaÃÃo toponÃmica de 54 nomes de lugares que aparecem registrados nos 67 autos de querela editados por Ximenes (2006) e traÃar o perfil toponomÃstico do CearÃ oitocentista atÃ os dias atuais, a fim de identificar as possÃveis mudanÃas toponomÃsticas ocorridas ao longo do tempo. Os fundamentos teÃricos e os procedimentos metodolÃgicos que nortearam esta pesquisa tiveram como base as contribuiÃÃes de Dick (1992), que descreveu um modelo taxionÃmico toponÃmico, o qual apresenta 27 taxes, sendo 11 de natureza fÃsica e 16 de natureza antropocultural. Os dados foram registrados em fichas lexicogrÃfico-toponÃmicas que constituem o modelo proposto por Dick (2004). Verificou-se que 53% dos topÃnimos sÃo de natureza antropocultural e 47% sÃo de natureza fÃsica. A partir de pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental, foi possÃvel reconstituir importantes aspectos histÃricos, geogrÃficos, culturais e linguÃsticos do CearÃ por meio da anÃlise de seus topÃnimos.
Toponymy is the science of proper names of places. Toponymic studies have proved great importance for the rescue of cultural, ideological and linguistic features of groups of humans who lived or live in a given place, as well as for the recovery of the physical aspects of the place itself. Based on these considerations, the aim os this study was to describe the toponymic motivation of 54 place names out of the 67 ones recorded in the records of complaint edited by Ximenes (2006) and to describe the toponomastic profile of CearÃ from nineteenth century to the present days, in order to identify possible toponomastic changes occurring over time. The theoretical fundaments and methodological procedures that guided this research was based on the contributions of Dick (1992), who described a taxonomic toponymic model featuring 27 taxes, out of which 11 are physical natured and 16 are of antropocultural nature. Data were recorded in lexical-toponymic cards which is the model proposed by Dick (2004). It was found that 53% of the toponyms are of antropocultural nature and 47% are of physical nature. From literature and documental research, it was possible to reconstruct important aspects of history, geography, culture and linguistics of CearÃ through the analysis of its place names.

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Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo de. "Iconicidade toponímica na Chapada Diamantina: estudo de caso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-31032009-171949/.

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O signo toponímico, cuja característica principal é a identificação de um determinado espaço, estabelecendo uma significação, em certos contextos, pode destacar traços do espaço referido, evidenciando uma iconicidade toponímica (DICK, 1990). Este estudo de caso examina, sob estes aspectos, topônimos da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, por meio da aplicação dos modelos teóricos e metodológicos propostos por Dick no projeto Atlas Toponímico do Brasil (ATB). Considerando o contexto regional, foram selecionados 108 topônimos que designam sítios turísticos na área conhecida como Circuito do Diamante, onde estão situadas as principais cidades que, no final do século XIX, emergiram com a mineração e que, hoje, figuram como as cidades históricas de destaque no circuito turístico local: Andaraí, Lençóis, Mucugê e Palmeiras. Considerando o topônimo um traço cultural, a descrição dos ambientes físico e social é observada, com apresentação dos caracteres geográficos e dos ciclos históricos que se sucederam desde as fundações destes núcleos populacionais. A catalogação dos topônimos, em fichas lexicográfico-toponímicas (DICK, 2004), dispõe o tratamento lingüístico do corpus e acrescenta informações extralingüísticas que concorrem à compreensão dos mecanismos motivadores das nomeações. Os signos toponímicos são analisados em suas categorias semânticas e em suas propriedades icônicas.
The toponymic sign, which main characteristic is the identification of a certain location that establishes meaning, in some contexts, may emphasize some referred location features, bringing to light a kind of toponymic iconicity (DICK, 1990). The present case study explores, on these aspects, toponyms from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, on the theoretical and methodological models presented by Dick in Atlas Toponímico do Brasil (ATB). By taking the regional context into consideration, 108 toponyms designating tour sites have been chosen from the Diamond Circuit area, where the main late 19th Century cities of Andaraí, Lençóis, Mucugê, and Palmeiras, that emerged due to mining and nowadays are important historic cities in the regional touristic circuit, are located. Having toponym as a cultural trace, physical and social environments description is performed, presenting geographic and historical cycles information, since these people settlement. The toponyms cataloging using lexigraphictoponymic forms (DICK, 2004) defines the linguistic treatment of the corpus and adds extralinguistic data, which help the understanding of naming motivation mechanisms. Toponymic signs are analyzed by their semantic categories and iconic properties

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Van, Osta Ward. "Toponymie van Brasschaat /." Gent : Koninklijke Academie voor Nederlandse taal- en letterkunde, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370871499.

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Delorme, Jérémie. "Éléments de toponymie générale : du Grand-Bornand à Passamainty, terrain de longue durée et enquêtes contrastives en terrain varié dans les domaines roman, polynésien, basque et bantu." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040072.

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Rechercher les bases d’une connaissance des toponymes renouvelée et renforcée se situe au fondement de cette thèse. Ce projet repose sur l’hypothèse selon laquelle les approches récentes et actuelles des faits toponymiques peuvent être améliorées. Sa mise en oeuvre invite à engager une réflexion sur les méthodes et les théories de la toponymie. Il s’agit, en s’efforçant de satisfaire aux conditions de cohérence et de rigueur d’une approche scientifique, de poursuivre un but de conceptualisation et de généralisation. Cette démarche répond à l’observation de principes essentiels : 1° aligner la toponymie sur les méthodes et les théories de la linguistique générale ; 2° privilégier l’oralité, les synchronies observables et le point de vue des locuteurs natifs, d’après un idéal d’adéquation de la toponymie, science sociale et science de terrain, à son objet, l’étude des phénomènes toponymiques ; à cette fin, 3°, tirer profit d’une longue expérience des informateurs et du terrain ; et, 4°, soumettre l’étude des toponymes à une analyse progressive, en abordant les faits toponymiques dans leur ordre logique, des plus simples au plus complexes, à travers trois thèmes de recherche majeurs – l’établissement de corpus toponymiques oraux, l’exploration approfondie des lieux désignés par des topoymes, et l’étude des formations toponymiques, menée à rebours de travaux de toponymie dont l’étymologisation constitue le thème directeur. Fondés sur la pratique d’un terrain privilégié – celui d’une toponymie francoprovençale –, les acquis de cette recherche font l’objet d’une évaluation : soumis au contrôle de toponymies-tests – futunienne, basque et comorienne –, ils ne sont tenus pour généralisables qu’après s’être vu corroborés ou amendés
The purpose of this research is to contribute to an improvement of the knowledge of toponyms. Its basic assumption is that the recent and present day toponymical approaches can be improved. Implementing it calls for a reflection on the methods and theories of toponymy with the aim of conceptualizing and generalising subject to conditions of scientific coherence and rigour. It relies on several essential principles. They are: i- to make toponymy obey the methods and theories of general linguistics; ii- to give a primacy to orality, to observable synchronies and to native speakers’ standpoints, and thus make toponymy adequate to its object of study of toponymical phenomena, as a social and field science; iii- to rely on a long experience with the informants and the fieldwork; iv- to rely on a progressive analysis. In the progressive analysis developed here, toponymical phenomena are addressed in an increasing order of complexity through three major issues that include establishing oral toponymic corpuses in a first step, exploring in depth the places that are referred to by the toponyms in a second step, and the study of toponymic formations in a final step. This final step goes against the toponymic literature which relies mainly on etymologization. This research is mainly based on a practical experience of a Francoprovençal ground and is checked through contrasting it with East Futunan, Basque, and Comorian toponymies taken as specific test-toponymies

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Belko, Bayoro Adamou. "La toponymie de la communauté urbaine de Niamey." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030008.

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Les toponymes, comme moyens de communication, constituent une réserve de mémoire collective qui immortalise un précieux patrimoine culturel local, régional ou national. A ce titre il convient de préserver, de sauvegarder et de valoriser ce joyau culturel en le gérant pour qu’il puisse remplir pleinement sa fonction première qui est de localiser les lieux et d’orienter les individus dans leurs multiples déplacements.Cette mission dévolue à des organismes gouvernementaux ou administratifs, est conventionnellement appelée la normalisation des noms géographiques, exécutée au plan local, régional, national ou international. C’est pourquoi, la toponymie de la CUN, partie intégrante du patrimoine culturel du Niger, fait l’objet d’une étude dans cette thèse. Dans ce travail, les noms de lieux ont été mis en relation avec le peuplement progressif de Niamey ; puisqu’ils représentent des témoins privilégiés de la naissance des lieux de la ville. Ceux-ci constituent l’ensemble des entités géographiques soumises à notre analyse. Et elles se subdivisent en entités administratives, en entités géographiques artificielles (les ouvrages…), en entités géographiques naturelles (cours d’eau, collines, réserves…) et en voies de communication. Cependant, l’Odonymie a occupé une grande place dans cette recherche car l’objet de celle-ci porte sur la toponymie urbaine [Niamey étant le plus grand centre urbain du Niger]. En outre, la toponymie étant par définition une science linguistique, une étude linguistique des toponymes a été faite dans ce travail. Cette toponymie est plurilingue, elle s’exprime dans plusieurs langues nationales (zarma, hausa et fulfulde principalement) et le français. Mais l’odonymie est plus expressive dans la majorité des langues nationales du Niger à travers des toponymes qui ont une valeur plutôt symbolique que référentielle. Les noms de quartiers ou de villages ont fait dans ce travail, l’objet d’une analyse étymologique afin de compléter la structure linguistique de ces noms de lieux
Toponyms as means of communication constitute a supply of collective memory which immortalizes a precious cultural patrimony, be it local, regional or national. In this respect, this cultural jewel ought to be preserved, protected and promoted and it can only be done by guiding it in order to allow it to fulfil its role which is to locate places and orientate people in their whereabouts. This mission, entrusted to governmental or administrative agencies, is conventionally called The Normalisation of geographical names, and is carried out at a local, regional, national or international level. That’s why the toponymy of the UCN, an integral part of the cultural patrimony of Niger, is the subject of this thesis. In this work, the places’ names have been linked to the progressive populating of Nyamey as they are privileged witnesses of the birth of the city’s places. Altogether, they constitute the geographical entities I have analysed. They are subdivided into administrative entities, artificial geographical entities [works], natural geographical entities (streams, hills, ….) and in ways of communication. However, odonomy has taken the largest part in this research as its subject is the urban toponomy (Nyamey being the largest urban centre of Niger). Moreover, toponomy being by definition a linguistic science, a linguistic study of the toponyms has been done in this work. This toponomy is multilingual , it is expressed in several national languages (mainly zarma, hausa and fulfulde) and in French. But odonymy is more expressive in the majority of the national languages of Niger through toponyms which have more of a symbolical meaning than a referential one. Neigbourhoods or villages’ names have been analysed etymologically in this work in order to complete the linguistic structure of these places’ names

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Lima, Adriana Tavares. "De Bracara Augusta a Braga: análise toponímica de um concelho português." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-01032013-125451/.

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Sendo o estudo dos topônimos recurso para a compreensão de traços da língua e do homem denominador, o presente estudo foi concebido para oferecer contribuições relativas aos aspectos do meio físico e cultural em que esses nomes foram gerados, integrando-se ao Projeto Atlas Toponímico de Portugal (ATPor). Deste modo, este trabalho tem por objetivo verificar características semânticas de topônimos do concelho de Braga, Portugal, recuperando motivações transparentes e opacas que envolvem tais denominações, bem como analisar estruturalmente os nomes de lugar do mencionado concelho. Com base em trabalhos de Dick sobre teoria e análise científica de topônimos em suas variedades semânticas no Brasil (iniciados em 1980) e na aplicação destes conceitos por Carvalhinhos na toponímia de Portugal (a partir de 1998), reunimos apontamentos históricos e linguísticos referentes a questões particulares da Toponímia e, por extensão, da Onomástica como ciência dos nomes para determinarmos o perfil da motivação de nomes de lugares do concelho. O estabelecimento do corpus e a metodologia de trabalho pautaram-se em parâmetros de confecção de Atlas toponímicos, possibilitando sistematizar e quantificar dados para a descrição da toponímia local. Entre os quatrocentos e quarenta e três topônimos analisados, quatrocentos e dezenove foram classificados em taxionomias toponímicas, apontando um padrão motivador da dinâmica de denominação de entidades geográficas do concelho de Braga. A recuperação toponímica permitiu notar nomes relacionados ao período pré-romano e, sobremaneira, à época medieval, evidenciando aspectos do contexto físico e temas sociais que se referem aos séculos V a XII. De um lado, muitos nomes de lugares que procedem da natureza física refletem a geomorfologia, a vegetação e a constituição mineral do solo. De outra parte, modos medievais de demarcar propriedade, evidenciar os fatos sociais e a constituição de aglomerados humanos atuam na origem antropocultural da maioria dos topônimos do levantamento analisado. Nesse quadro, identificamos arcaísmos, revelando a manutenção de denominações no local.
Because the study of toponyms is a resource for understanding the linguistic traits and also the man who gave the name, this study was conceived to make contributions related to the aspects of the physical and cultural means in which these names were created, becoming part of the Portugal Toponymic Atlas (Projeto Atlas Toponímico de Portugal ATPor). Thus, this dissertation aims to verify which semantic feature are present at toponyms of the municipality of Braga, Portugal, recovering transparent and opaque motivations involving such denominations as well as analyzing structurally the place names in the aforementioned municipality. Based on Dick\'s work on the scientific theory and analysis of toponyms in their semantic variants in Brazil (begun in 1980) and on the application of these concepts by Carvalhinhos to toponyms in Portugal (starting in 1998), we gathered historical and linguistic records regarding particular issues in Toponymy and, by extension, Onomastics as the science of names, in order to determine the motivational profile of place names in Braga. The constitution of the corpus and the methodology were based on toponymic Atlas\' production parameters, making it possible to systematize and quantify data to describe the local toponymy. Among the four-hundred and fortythree toponyms analyzed, four-hundred and nineteen were classified in toponymic taxonomies, indicating a motivational pattern for the dynamic of naming geographic entities in Braga municipality. Toponymic retrieval allowed to find out names related to the pre-Roman period and, especially, medieval times to be found, providing evidence of aspects of the physical context and social themes that regard the V to XII centuries. On the one hand, many place names originating from a place\'s physical nature reflect the geomorphology, vegetation and mineral makeup of the soil. On the other, medieval manners of demarcating property, displaying social facts and constituting human settlements are active in the anthropo-cultural origin of the majority of the surveyed toponyms analyzed. In this situation, we identified archaisms, showing continuing use of denominations at the location.

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Nold, Vera. "Untersuchungen zur ukrainischen Toponymie." Regensburg Roderer, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994297114/04.

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Blanchi-Sic, Alicia. "Les Représentations Socio-Spatiales des espaces métropolitains à travers les annonces immobilières géolocalisées : Le cas de la Côte d'Azur par une démarche d'analyse spatiale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025COAZ2002.

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Cette thèse de géographie s'intéresse aux espaces urbains dans un contexte métropolitain, en se focalisant sur leurs Représentations Socio-Spatiales (RSS), à travers une approche de géographie quantitative. Les RSS, phénomènes spatiaux intersubjectifs, c'est-à-dire partagés par l'ensemble d'une population, reflètent des connotations et des caractéristiques socio-spatiales ou des activités qui se déroulent dans les lieux de la ville. Les RSS témoignent, accompagnent, et nourrissent les transformations métropolitaines et sont des clés de compréhension des espaces urbains, notamment sur la Côte d'Azur, dont les villes ont été façonnées et marquées au fil des siècles par des représentations d'espaces résidentiels et touristiques. Les annonces immobilières géolocalisées offrent l'opportunité d'analyser les espaces métropolitains. Les annonceurs, dans leurs discours, décrivent et valorisent l'environnement en localisant les biens, en le situant dans un toponyme précis, connu des lecteurs, et en révélant leurs caractéristiques socio-spatiales, minutieusement choisies, pour attirer une population cible. Les annonces sont donc des données géo-textuelles, reflétant les RSS de leurs lecteurs, tout en gardant des spécificités liées à leur objectif de marketing, et elles peuvent être analysées dans l'espace sémantique et géographique. L'objectif de cette thèse est de détecter et analyser les RSS des espaces urbains résidentiels de la Côte d'Azur par un corpus d'annonces immobilières géolocalisées. La première partie expose les fondements scientifiques de la recherche à savoir comment renouveler la connaissance des RSS à travers les données numériques géo-textuelles que sont les annonces immobilières. La seconde partie de la thèse présente une méthodologie visant à extraire et à analyser spatialement et textuellement les informations géographiques contenues dans les annonces pour révéler les RSS sous-jacentes des villes azuréennes. Un protocole a donc été développé, basé sur des techniques de traitement du langage naturel, pour extraire les toponymes et leur contexte socio-spatial. Ces informations géographiques géolocalisées servent ensuite de point de départ pour une analyse spatiale de leur contenu. De là, dans la troisième partie, nous proposons d'analyser les toponymes dans l'espace géographique et textuel, en prenant en compte leur contexte et les caractéristiques socio-spatiales associées. L'analyse se concentre sur la spatialisation des toponymes des villes azuréennes, en utilisant l'analyse spatiale sur réseau, et plus particulièrement, les densités de Kernel enrichies par la théorie des ensembles flous. Cette approche permet de produire, pour chaque toponyme, un espace noyau, où l'utilisation du toponyme est dominante, et un espace support où son utilisation est plus contrastée. La thèse se poursuit avec la caractérisation de ces espaces toponymiques par l'application de statistiques textuelles sur les caractéristiques socio-spatiales associées à chaque toponyme dans l'espace sémantique et géographique pour faire émerger leur RSS. En conclusion, cette thèse aboutit à une mise en lumière des RSS qui façonnent la Côte d'Azur contemporaine révélant des RSS contrastées et distinctives qui restent, néanmoins, souvent partagées par les villes littorales. Le renouvellement des approches d'appréhension des RSS par l'analyse spatiale et textuelle des annonces et les résultats obtenus quant à leur lecture ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives pour la recherche urbaine, notamment en termes d'application à différentes échelles spatiales, de possibilités d'étendre à d'autres corpus d'annonces et d'améliorations méthodologiques, qui sont développées dans la dernière partie du manuscrit
This geography dissertation focuses on urban spaces in a metropolitan context, emphasizing their Socio-Spatial Representations (SSR) through a quantitative geography approach.SSR, which are intersubjective spatial phenomena shared by an entire population, reflect connotations, socio-spatial characteristics or activities occurring in urban spaces. RSS support metropolitan transformations. These are key elements for understanding urban spaces, particularly on the French Riviera, where cities have been shaped and marked over centuries by representations of residential and tourist spaces. Geolocated real estate ads offer the opportunity to analyze metropolitan spaces. Advertisers describe the environment by locating properties in a specific toponym, familiar to readers, and highlighting carefully selected socio-spatial characteristics to attract a target population. Thus, these advertisements are geo-textual data, reflecting the SSR of their readers while maintaining marketing-specific nuances. They can be analyzed in both semantic and geographical spaces. The objective of this dissertation is to detect and analyze the SSR of residential urban spaces on the French Riviera using a corpus of geolocated real estate ads.The first part exposes the scientific foundations of the research, addressing how the understanding of SSR can be renewed through geo-textual data such as real estate ads. The second part presents a methodology to extract and analyze pieces of geographic information from real estate ads to reveal the underlying SSR of urban spaces. A protocol was developed, based on natural language processing techniques, to extract toponyms and their socio-spatial context. These geolocated geographic data serve as the foundation for spatial analysis of their content. The third part proposes an analysis of toponyms in geographic and textual spaces, taking into account their context and associated socio-spatial characteristics. The analysis focuses on the spatialization of toponyms of French Riviera using network-based spatial analysis, precisely Kernel densities enriched with fuzzy set theory. This approach enables the creation of a core space for each toponym, where its use is dominant, and a support space, where its use is more nonetheless more contrasted. The dissertation continues with the characterization of these toponymic spaces through the application of textual statistics to the socio-spatial characteristics associated with each toponym in both semantic and geographic spaces, uncovering their SSR. In conclusion, this dissertation reveals the SSR of the contemporary French Riviera, highlighting contrasting and distinctive SSR that are, nonetheless, often shared among coastal cities. By renewing approaches to understanding SSR through spatial and textual analysis of real estate ads, and through the results obtained, this work opens perspectives for urban research. These include applications at various spatial scales, possibilities to extend the analysis to other corpora and methodological improvements, discussed in the final part of the manuscript

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Leidner, Jochen Lothar. "Toponym resolution in text." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1849.

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Background. In the area of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a shared discipline between informatics and geography, the term geo-parsing is used to describe the process of identifying names in text, which in computational linguistics is known as named entity recognition and classification (NERC). The term geo-coding is used for the task of mapping from implicitly geo-referenced datasets (such as structured address records) to explicitly geo-referenced representations (e.g., using latitude and longitude). However, present-day GIS systems provide no automatic geo-coding functionality for unstructured text. In Information Extraction (IE), processing of named entities in text has traditionally been seen as a two-step process comprising a flat text span recognition sub-task and an atomic classification sub-task; relating the text span to a model of the world has been ignored by evaluations such as MUC or ACE (Chinchor (1998); U.S. NIST (2003)). However, spatial and temporal expressions refer to events in space-time, and the grounding of events is a precondition for accurate reasoning. Thus, automatic grounding can improve many applications such as automatic map drawing (e.g. for choosing a focus) and question answering (e.g. for questions like How far is London from Edinburgh?, given a story in which both occur and can be resolved). Whereas temporal grounding has received considerable attention in the recent past (Mani and Wilson (2000); Setzer (2001)), robust spatial grounding has long been neglected. Concentrating on geographic names for populated places, I define the task of automatic Toponym Resolution (TR) as computing the mapping from occurrences of names for places as found in a text to a representation of the extensional semantics of the location referred to (its referent), such as a geographic latitude/longitude footprint. The task of mapping from names to locations is hard due to insufficient and noisy databases, and a large degree of ambiguity: common words need to be distinguished from proper names (geo/non-geo ambiguity), and the mapping between names and locations is ambiguous (London can refer to the capital of the UK or to London, Ontario, Canada, or to about forty other Londons on earth). In addition, names of places and the boundaries referred to change over time, and databases are incomplete. Objective. I investigate how referentially ambiguous spatial named entities can be grounded, or resolved, with respect to an extensional coordinate model robustly on open-domain news text. I begin by comparing the few algorithms proposed in the literature, and, comparing semiformal, reconstructed descriptions of them, I factor out a shared repertoire of linguistic heuristics (e.g. rules, patterns) and extra-linguistic knowledge sources (e.g. population sizes). I then investigate how to combine these sources of evidence to obtain a superior method. I also investigate the noise effect introduced by the named entity tagging step that toponym resolution relies on in a sequential system pipeline architecture. Scope. In this thesis, I investigate a present-day snapshot of terrestrial geography as represented in the gazetteer defined and, accordingly, a collection of present-day news text. I limit the investigation to populated places; geo-coding of artifact names (e.g. airports or bridges), compositional geographic descriptions (e.g. 40 miles SW of London, near Berlin), for instance, is not attempted. Historic change is a major factor affecting gazetteer construction and ultimately toponym resolution. However, this is beyond the scope of this thesis. Method. While a small number of previous attempts have been made to solve the toponym resolution problem, these were either not evaluated, or evaluation was done by manual inspection of system output instead of curating a reusable reference corpus. Since the relevant literature is scattered across several disciplines (GIS, digital libraries, information retrieval, natural language processing) and descriptions of algorithms are mostly given in informal prose, I attempt to systematically describe them and aim at a reconstruction in a uniform, semi-formal pseudo-code notation for easier re-implementation. A systematic comparison leads to an inventory of heuristics and other sources of evidence. In order to carry out a comparative evaluation procedure, an evaluation resource is required. Unfortunately, to date no gold standard has been curated in the research community. To this end, a reference gazetteer and an associated novel reference corpus with human-labeled referent annotation are created. These are subsequently used to benchmark a selection of the reconstructed algorithms and a novel re-combination of the heuristics catalogued in the inventory. I then compare the performance of the same TR algorithms under three different conditions, namely applying it to the (i) output of human named entity annotation, (ii) automatic annotation using an existing Maximum Entropy sequence tagging model, and (iii) a na¨ıve toponym lookup procedure in a gazetteer. Evaluation. The algorithms implemented in this thesis are evaluated in an intrinsic or component evaluation. To this end, we define a task-specific matching criterion to be used with traditional Precision (P) and Recall (R) evaluation metrics. This matching criterion is lenient with respect to numerical gazetteer imprecision in situations where one toponym instance is marked up with different gazetteer entries in the gold standard and the test set, respectively, but where these refer to the same candidate referent, caused by multiple near-duplicate entries in the reference gazetteer. Main Contributions. The major contributions of this thesis are as follows: • A new reference corpus in which instances of location named entities have been manually annotated with spatial grounding information for populated places, and an associated reference gazetteer, from which the assigned candidate referents are chosen. This reference gazetteer provides numerical latitude/longitude coordinates (such as 51320 North, 0 50 West) as well as hierarchical path descriptions (such as London > UK) with respect to a world wide-coverage, geographic taxonomy constructed by combining several large, but noisy gazetteers. This corpus contains news stories and comprises two sub-corpora, a subset of the REUTERS RCV1 news corpus used for the CoNLL shared task (Tjong Kim Sang and De Meulder (2003)), and a subset of the Fourth Message Understanding Contest (MUC-4; Chinchor (1995)), both available pre-annotated with gold-standard. This corpus will be made available as a reference evaluation resource; • a new method and implemented system to resolve toponyms that is capable of robustly processing unseen text (open-domain online newswire text) and grounding toponym instances in an extensional model using longitude and latitude coordinates and hierarchical path descriptions, using internal (textual) and external (gazetteer) evidence; • an empirical analysis of the relative utility of various heuristic biases and other sources of evidence with respect to the toponym resolution task when analysing free news genre text; • a comparison between a replicated method as described in the literature, which functions as a baseline, and a novel algorithm based on minimality heuristics; and • several exemplary prototypical applications to show how the resulting toponym resolution methods can be used to create visual surrogates for news stories, a geographic exploration tool for news browsing, geographically-aware document retrieval and to answer spatial questions (How far...?) in an open-domain question answering system. These applications only have demonstrative character, as a thorough quantitative, task-based (extrinsic) evaluation of the utility of automatic toponym resolution is beyond the scope of this thesis and left for future work.

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Tóth, Valéria. "Hungarian digital toponym registry." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-180661.

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Das Digitale Ungarische Ortsverzeichnis. Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts. – Im Sommer 2010 wurde unter dem Namen Digitales Ungarisches Ortsverzeichnis ein Forschungsvorhaben begonnen mit dem langfristigen Ziel der Aufnahme und Analyse des vollständigen Ortsnameninventars des Karpatenbeckens. Das Programm wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit Experten verschiedener ungarischer und ausländischer Einrichtungen aufgenommen, es möchte die Geschichte der Ortsnamen von den Anfängen bis heute untersuchen. Das Digitale Ungarische Ortsverzeichnis dient wissenschaftlichen Zwecken, kann aber gleichzeitig für ein allgemeines Publikum von Interesse sein. Die Datenbasis besteht aus zwei Teilen: das Moderne Ortsnamenverzeichnis enthält hauptsächlich Ortsnamen des 18. bis 20. Jahrhunderts, das Historische Ortsnamenverzeichnis erfasst Ortsnamen aus der Zeit bis 1350. Die zugrundeliegende Software-Architektur wird durch das 4D Datenbank-Management-System realisiert, das unter anderem über eine GIS- Komponente verfügt und damit die Visualisierung toponymischer Daten auf Karten ermöglicht: moderne toponymische Daten werden auf Fotografien von Google Earth projiziert, während historische Daten auf rekonstruierten mittelalterlichen Karten eingetragen werden. Dieser Beitrag möchte die allgemeinen und wissenschaftlichen Zielsetzungen des Digitalen Ungarischen Ortsverzeichnisses beschreiben und auf die bereits erreichten Resultate hinweisen. Das Ortsverzeichnis ist verfügbar unter http://mdh.unideb.hu.

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Notter, Jean-Cyrille. "Toponymie des îles créoles de l’océan Indien." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0020/document.

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Territoires français à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, les archipels des Mascareignes, Seychelles et Chagos ont connu un destin politique différent. L’ensemble de ce vaste espace insulaire, La Réunion exceptée, est devenu anglophone. On fait pourtant un constat essentiel, paradoxal en apparence : ces îles ont aujourd’hui encore une toponymie majoritairement francophone. Cette constatation est à l’origine de cette recherche, appuyée sur la constitution d’une base de données thématique et géo-référencée d’environ 6600 toponymes. À l’aide de cet outil, ce corpus toponymique est analysé suivant plusieurs critères, tels que les langues, les valeurs sémantiques, les natures et importances des éléments désignés et de la répartition spatiale. La question de l’appropriation et l’évolution des toponymes est également abordée et analysée. Ce travail constitue une base, évolutive et ouverte, pour des travaux complémentaires ultérieurs
French territories in the late eighteenth century, the archipelagos of Mascarene, Seychelles and Chagos experienced a different political destiny. All of these islands except Reunion became English-speaking. Yet today, we make an essential observation, paradoxical in appearance: these islands still have a mostly French-speaking toponymy. This ascertainment is at the origin of this research supported by a thematic and georeferenced database of about 6600 place names. Thanks to this tool, an analyse has been carried according to several criteria such as the languages, the semantic values, the natures and importance of designated elements and the spatial distribution. The question about appropriation and evolution of place names is also examined and analysed. This work constitutes a base, open and evolutive, for further works

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Vallérie, Yvon Gildas. "Les toponymes paroissiaux : genèse des formes vernaculaires et administratives des toponymes paroissiaux en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20002.

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Ce travail se propose, à partir d'une description des écarts entre les formes administratives françaises des toponymes paroissiaux (avec leur prononciation traditionnelle) et les formes vernaculaires, d'analyser les premières, non comme des transcriptions arbitraires, mais comme des emprunts du français au breton lors de l'apparition de communautés francophones dans la zone bretonnante. Le rapprochement entre formes françaises et formes bretonnes permet : - de formuler des hypothèses quant à l'époque ou ces emprunts sont intervenus ; - de recueillir des informations nouvelles sur l'histoire dialectologique du breton, particulièrement pour les siècles ou les sources écrites sont déficientes et plus encore pour les régions de la Bretagne ou la langue bretonne s'est éteinte avant les temps modernes ; - d'apporter un éclairage nouveau sur l'origine de la langue bretonne et sur l'état linguistique de l'Armorique à l'époque des migrations brittoniques. Nous parvenons à la conclusion que les immigrants bretons s'installèrent dans une contrée dont les habitants parlaient encore le gaulais à l'ouest d'une Paimpol - Quimperlé. A l'est, l'influence d'un adstrat roman est à l'origine de la première différenciation dialectale, à partir du 10e siècle
In this work, we attempt to describe every discordance between French official forms of Celtic parish-names (and their traditional pronunciation) and Breton dialectal ones and to analyse the former, not as unmotivated transcriptions, but as borrowings from Breton by French-speaking people at the time when bilingual communities grew up in the Breton-speaking area. Comparison between French and Breton forms gives us the way : - to formulate hypotheses as to the date when the borrowings took place, and then to sketch a history of bilingualism in Brittany ; - to gather new informations on the history of Breton dialects, especially in those centuries where written sources are lacking, and moreover in those parts of Brittany where Breton disappeared before the modern ages ; - to throw some light on the origin of Breton language and on the linguistic situation in armorica at the time of Breton migrations. We conclude that Breton invaders settled in a country where people still spoke gaulish in the west of a line Paimpol – Quimperlé. In the east, the influence of a romance ad stratum was the reason for the first dialectal differentiation from the 10th century down

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Atoui, Brahim. "Toponymie et espace en Algérie." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023947.

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CE TRAVAIL UNIVERSITAIRE EST UNE TENTATIVE DE LECTURE DE L'ESPACE ALGERIEN A PARTIR DES TOPONYMIES PAR LE BIAIS DE METHODES PROPRES A LA GEOGRAPHIE. L'ETUDE DE LA RELATION HOMME ESPACE PEUT ETRE ENVISAGEE SOUS L'ANGLE DE LA LECTURE DES NOMS DE LIEUX OU DES NOMS D'ESPACES, DANS L'EXACTE MESURE OU N'EXISTE QUE CE QUI EST NOMME. DES MULTIPLES METHODES QUI SONT OFFERTES, NOUS AVONS JUGE UTILE DE RETENIR CELLE QUI CONSISTE A CONSIDERER COMMENT LES HOMMES PERCOIVENT ET PAR CONSEQUENT DESIGNENT ET NOMMENT LEUR ESPACE. CETTE ETUDE EST D'ABORD, UN ESSAI D'ANALYSE THEORIQUE BASE SUR DES CONSTATS AYANT COMME SUPPORT L'ESPACE; ENSUITE ELLE ESSAIE DE METTRE A JOUR LES RELATIONS JUSQU'ICI MAL CERNEES OU TRES PEU ETUDIEES, QUI EXISTENT ENTRE LE TOPONYME ET L'ESPACE OU LA PORTION D'ESPACE QU'IL DESIGNE, POUR FINALEMENT POSER DES HYPOTHESES A PARTIR DES CONSTATS GRAPHIQUES, CARTOGRAPHIQUES ET NUMERIQUES, SANS POUR AUTANT AVOIR A CHAQUE FOIS DES REPONSES DEFINITIVES. DANS L'ORGANISATION DES SOCIETES HUMAINES D'UNE FACON GENERALE, ET DE LA SOCIETE ALGERIENNE EN PARTICULIER EXISTE-T'IL UN EFFET DE LIEU LIE AU TOPONYME ? EN D'AUTRES TERMES LA TOPONYMIE INTERVIENT-ELLE COMME INDICATEUR, REFERANT ET FACTEUR EXPLICATIF DE L'ORGANISATION SPATIALE ?

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Atoui, Brahim Côte Marc. "Toponymie et espace en Algérie /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41153556j.

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Rezende, Francisco José. "As taxionomias toponímicas de natureza física e suas influências na navegação aérea: Conceitos de Dick." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-20092011-162908/.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar o significado dos nomes indígenas dos aeródromos do território brasileiro. Os aeródromos foram classificados nas Taxionomias de Natureza Física (Conceitos de Dick). Foram coletados e selecionados 270 topônimos cujos significados contribuem para referências visuais na navegação aérea, tornando assim um elemento participativo para segurança durante o pouso e a decolagem. O trabalho consiste em aumentar a visão do navegador nas referências dos acidentes geográficos classificados num Quadro Taxionômico Toponímico. A Toponímia, sob este aspecto, assume um papel relevante como substância preciosa no planejamento de voo e da navegação aérea.
This study aims to demonstrate the meaning of indigenous names of aerodromes of Brazil. The aerodromes were classified in the Taxonomy of Nature Physics Dick (Concepts of Dick). We collected and selected 270 toponyms whose meanings contribute to visual cues in navigation, thus making them a participatory element to promote safety during take-off and landing periods. The study intends to increase the navigator view in relation to the landforms references classified in a Taxonomy and Toponymic chart. Toponymy, in this regard, plays a relevant role as a precious element in flight planning and navigation.

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CASADO, PIERRE. "Etude de certains determinants dans les designations des cours d'eau du departement des alpes-maritimes a l'epoque moderne et contemporaine." Montpellier 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON30075.

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S'appuyant sur un corpus de plus de 200 000 toponymes, la presente recherche traite des designations de cours d'eau du departement des alpes-maritimes en structure determine + determinant. Nous avons cible notre analyse sur les complements determinatifs, elements les plus porteurs d'enseignements toponymiques. Dans la partie denommee arguments, nous avons procede a l'exposition des faits au cas par cas, selon un ordre alphabetique. Pour l'analyse de chaque determinant de designation de cours d'eau, nous avons adopte l'ordonnance suivante : 1) situation geo-administrative et breve description du cours d'eau; 2) enonce des donnees constituant l'ensemble toponymique (designation de tenement; designation d'habitat; designation de cours d'eau), auquel appartient la designation de cours d'eau; 3) identification onomastique du determinant en s'appuyant eventuellement sur des series, puis analyse morphologique et etymologique; 4) enonce du fonctionnement onomastique. Dans la partie suivante intitulee theses, nous avons tire les enseignements et devoile les tendances qui en emergent en les illustrant a l'aide de graphiques. Cette partie s'inscrit dans une autre perspective de methodologie generale, s'appuyant sur une etude quantitative de tous les details mis a jour dans la partie analytique precedente. Nous avons mis en regard la presence et/ou l'absence d'ensembles toponymiques avec l'origine onomastique des determinants; il s'est agi observer si les determinants pouvaient s'expliquer preferentiellement par un appellatif, un nom de personne ou un hydroseme, en correlation avec laqualite de l'ensemble toponymique. Sur l'aire du departement des alpes-maritimes, nous avons ensuite opere la synthese sur le role indicateur des series toponymiques et leur capacite a faire emerger des aires consequentes coincidant a des aires historiques et/ou dialectales, et d'autre types d'aires souvent geographiquement plus circonscrites relevant du domaine patronymique; pour le territoire francais, toujours a l'aide de la cartographie informatique, nous avons revele les frequences des lieux de primonomasticogenese justifiant la productivite de certains types de patronymes en relation avec notre aire d'etude.

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Moreira, Millyane Magna Moura. "Os nomes do \'lado de baixo da linha do trem\': uma análise toponímica do Jardim Lapena, Vila Nair e Vila União, em São Miguel Paulista, São Paulo/SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-05112015-144911/.

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Nesta dissertação, estudamos topônimos referentes a bairros paulistanos de ocupação recente (menos de cinquenta anos) no distrito de São Miguel Paulista, em São Paulo/SP. Nos bairros Jardim Lapena, Vila Nair e Vila União, buscamos analisar as políticas públicas relativas à nomeação de logradouros e a forma como a comunidade a recebe, além de identificar a origem desses topônimos, tanto os oficiais quanto os paralelos. Para isso, não realizamos a análise do modo tradicional (com base nas taxionomias toponímicas), mas entrevistamos oito pessoas idosas moradoras da região desde o início de sua ocupação e analisamos os conteúdos dessas entrevistas juntamente com outras fontes, como cartografia e legislação de diferentes épocas, de acordo com a metodologia do projeto Memória toponímica de São Paulo: bairro a bairro, no qual este trabalho se insere tematicamente. Também esteve presente em nossa análise o papel das lembranças dos velhos para a recuperação da memória toponímica da cidade e a problemática da delimitação dos bairros em São Paulo. Ao término da pesquisa, pudemos observar a importância dos antigos moradores dos bairros para o resgate de topônimos espontâneos que se perderam com o tempo. Oficiais ou não em outros tempos, esses logradouros foram posteriormente nomeados pelo poder público com antropotopônimos ou com topônimos originários do Banco de Nomes da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, em ambos os casos sem nenhuma consulta aos cidadãos moradores da localidade. Desse modo, os resultados dessa pesquisa apontam a urgente necessidade de se rediscutir as formas de nomeação de logradouros na cidade.
In this dissertation, we study toponyms in neighborhoods of recent occupation (less than fifty years) in the district of São Miguel Paulista, São Paulo. In Jardim Lapena, Vila Nair, and Vila União neighborhoods, we aimed at analysing public policies concerning official naming of public places and how the community experiences it, as well as at identifying the origins of both official and parallel toponymy. To that end, we did not perform the analysis in the traditional way (based on toponymic taxonomies), but interviewed eight elderly people who have lived in the region since the beginning of its occupation and analysed the contents of these interviews as well as other sources, such as cartography and legislation from different eras, in accordance with the project methodology Memória toponímica de São Paulo: bairro a bairro, in which this work fits thematically. Our work also presented the role of the elderly reminiscences for the recovery of toponymic memory of the city as well as the problem of neighborhood delimitation in São Paulo. At the end of the study, we observed the importance of the neighborhood former residents to the retaking of spontaneous place names that have been lost over time. Official or not in the past, these public places were subsequently renamed by the government either with anthropotoponyms or with toponyms from the Banco de Nomes da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, in both cases without any consultation with the local resident citizens. Thus, the results of this research point to the urgent need to reconsider the ways of naming public places in the city.

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Buscaldi, Davide. "Toponym Disambiguation in Information Retrieval." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/8912.

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In recent years, geography has acquired a great importance in the context of Information Retrieval (IR) and, in general, of the automated processing of information in text. Mobile devices that are able to surf the web and at the same time inform about their position are now a common reality, together with applications that can exploit this data to provide users with locally customised information, such as directions or advertisements. Therefore, it is important to deal properly with the geographic information that is included in electronic texts. The majority of such kind of information is contained as place names, or toponyms. Toponym ambiguity represents an important issue in Geographical Information Retrieval (GIR), due to the fact that queries are geographically constrained. There has been a struggle to nd speci c geographical IR methods that actually outperform traditional IR techniques. Toponym ambiguity may constitute a relevant factor in the inability of current GIR systems to take advantage from geographical knowledge. Recently, some Ph.D. theses have dealt with Toponym Disambiguation (TD) from di erent perspectives, from the development of resources for the evaluation of Toponym Disambiguation (Leidner (2007)) to the use of TD to improve geographical scope resolution (Andogah (2010)). The Ph.D. thesis presented here introduces a TD method based on WordNet and carries out a detailed study of the relationship of Toponym Disambiguation to some IR applications, such as GIR, Question Answering (QA) and Web retrieval. The work presented in this thesis starts with an introduction to the applications in which TD may result useful, together with an analysis of the ambiguity of toponyms in news collections. It could not be possible to study the ambiguity of toponyms without studying the resources that are used as placename repositories; these resources are the equivalent to language dictionaries, which provide the di erent meanings of a given word.
Buscaldi, D. (2010). Toponym Disambiguation in Information Retrieval [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/8912
Palancia

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29

Kovács, Éva. "On the historical source value of toponyms: toponyms as a source for the reconstruction of ethnic relations." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung (GfN), 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13561.

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On the historical source value of toponyms. Toponyms as a source for the reconstruction of ethnic relations. – Besides constituting a crucial source material for linguistic history and onomastic research, toponyms occurring in historical sources (medieval charters) can be exploited also for the (history-related) purposes of other fields of research such as historiography (settlement and demographic history in particular), historic geography, ethnography, etc. When trying to map the ethnic composition of earlier times, representatives of historiography like to rely on data extracted on the basis of different layers of the origins of toponyms. However, it needs to be emphasized that such examinations presuppose special circumspection in order to avoid typical stumbling blocks exactly in the field of ethnic reconstruction whose possibilities I want to highlight here. My paper explores the question if toponyms occurring in early Hungarian linguistic monuments could be used for ethnic identification, and if this is the case, how we can draw conclusions related to questions of ethnicity based on linguistic results. In this respect we also need to examine the criteria based on which toponymic data appearing in charters can be linked to certain (Hungarian, German, Turkish or any of the Slavic) languages. Onomastic correlations, information on the evolution of names as well as certain phonetic changes may provide us with some clues in the definition of such links.
Vom historischen Quellenwert der Toponyme. Toponyme als Quelle zur Rekonstruktion ethnischer Beziehungen. – Ortsnamen sind nicht nur eine wertvolle Quelle für die Sprachgeschichte und Namenforschung. In historischen Quellen (mittelalterliche Urkunden) überlieferte Ortsnamen können ebenso von anderen, historisch ausgerichteten Forschungsdisziplinen wie der Geschichte (insbesondere Siedlungs- und Bevölkerungsgeschichte), historischen Geographie, Ethnographie usw. ausgewertet werden. Wenn die ethnische Struktur früherer Zeiten kartographisch dargestellt werden soll greifen Historiker gerne auf Daten zurück, die auf der historischen Schichtung der Ortsnamen beruhen. Es muss allerdings nachdrücklich darauf hingewiesen werden, dass derartige Untersuchungen eine besondere Vorsicht voraussetzen, um typische, gerade im Bereich der ethnischen Rekonstruktion begegnende Hürden zu überwinden. Die Möglichkeiten dieser Rekonstruktion möchte ich hier besonders hervorheben. Mein Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob die in frühen ungarischen Sprachdenkmälern überlieferten Ortsnamen für eine ethnische Identifizierung herangezogen werden können. Und wenn ja, wie können Fragen der Ethnizität auf der Basis linguistischer Erkenntnisse beantwortet werden. In diesem Zusammenhang sind auch die Kriterien zu untersuchen, auf deren Basis aus toponymischen Angaben der Urkunden auf bestimmte Sprachen (Ungarisch, Deutsch, Türkisch oder eine slavische Sprache) geschlossen werden kann. Onymische Wechselbeziehungen, Informationen zur Namenentwicklung oder bestimmte lautliche Veränderungen bieten uns Anhaltspunkte für die Definition solcher Beziehungen.

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Rak, O. M. "Names with religious semantics in French toponymy." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18936.

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31

Kovács, Éva. "On the historical source value of toponyms." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-179847.

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On the historical source value of toponyms. Toponyms as a source for the reconstruction of ethnic relations. – Besides constituting a crucial source material for linguistic history and onomastic research, toponyms occurring in historical sources (medieval charters) can be exploited also for the (history-related) purposes of other fields of research such as historiography (settlement and demographic history in particular), historic geography, ethnography, etc. When trying to map the ethnic composition of earlier times, representatives of historiography like to rely on data extracted on the basis of different layers of the origins of toponyms. However, it needs to be emphasized that such examinations presuppose special circumspection in order to avoid typical stumbling blocks exactly in the field of ethnic reconstruction whose possibilities I want to highlight here. My paper explores the question if toponyms occurring in early Hungarian linguistic monuments could be used for ethnic identification, and if this is the case, how we can draw conclusions related to questions of ethnicity based on linguistic results. In this respect we also need to examine the criteria based on which toponymic data appearing in charters can be linked to certain (Hungarian, German, Turkish or any of the Slavic) languages. Onomastic correlations, information on the evolution of names as well as certain phonetic changes may provide us with some clues in the definition of such links
Vom historischen Quellenwert der Toponyme. Toponyme als Quelle zur Rekonstruktion ethnischer Beziehungen. – Ortsnamen sind nicht nur eine wertvolle Quelle für die Sprachgeschichte und Namenforschung. In historischen Quellen (mittelalterliche Urkunden) überlieferte Ortsnamen können ebenso von anderen, historisch ausgerichteten Forschungsdisziplinen wie der Geschichte (insbesondere Siedlungs- und Bevölkerungsgeschichte), historischen Geographie, Ethnographie usw. ausgewertet werden. Wenn die ethnische Struktur früherer Zeiten kartographisch dargestellt werden soll greifen Historiker gerne auf Daten zurück, die auf der historischen Schichtung der Ortsnamen beruhen. Es muss allerdings nachdrücklich darauf hingewiesen werden, dass derartige Untersuchungen eine besondere Vorsicht voraussetzen, um typische, gerade im Bereich der ethnischen Rekonstruktion begegnende Hürden zu überwinden. Die Möglichkeiten dieser Rekonstruktion möchte ich hier besonders hervorheben. Mein Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob die in frühen ungarischen Sprachdenkmälern überlieferten Ortsnamen für eine ethnische Identifizierung herangezogen werden können. Und wenn ja, wie können Fragen der Ethnizität auf der Basis linguistischer Erkenntnisse beantwortet werden. In diesem Zusammenhang sind auch die Kriterien zu untersuchen, auf deren Basis aus toponymischen Angaben der Urkunden auf bestimmte Sprachen (Ungarisch, Deutsch, Türkisch oder eine slavische Sprache) geschlossen werden kann. Onymische Wechselbeziehungen, Informationen zur Namenentwicklung oder bestimmte lautliche Veränderungen bieten uns Anhaltspunkte für die Definition solcher Beziehungen

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Smorag, Pascale. "L'histoire du Midwest raconté par sa toponymie /." Paris : PUPS, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41415640m.

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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Études nord-américaines--Paris 4, 1998. Titre de soutenance : La toponymie dans le Middle-West : fait de langue, fait de société.
Bibliogr. p. 303-315. Notes bibliogr. Index. PUPS = Presses de l'Université Paris-Sorbonne.

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Keilo, Jack. "Le Centre et le Nom, lectures dans la toponymie de Beyrouth." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL067.

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Nous narrons la toponymie de Beyrouth, considérée comme partie intégrante de l’idéologie du corps politique du Liban, installé à Beyrouth depuis 1920. Nous commençons par une réflexion sur les rapports entre centre politique, ses principes fondateurs, et toponymie: l’inscription toponymique est l’insertion ultime du politique dans l’aménagement. La toponymie beyrouthine inscrit le Grand-Liban (1920), et la Constitution libanaise (1926), sur les cartes. Elle inscrit le confessionnalisme politique résultant du Pacte national (1943) et ses symboles « sacrés », ainsi qu’une présence confirmée des « Orient » et « Occident » et un récit national libanais partiellement réinventé et présenté « en continuité ». Elle présente les signes d’une continuité urbaine visible. Nous mettons l’exemple beyrouthin en perspective avec ceux de Damas et de Dubaï : le premier est « réécrit » avec l’avènement du Baath en 1963 et présente une rupture toponymique avec le passé syrien pré-baathiste, ainsi qu’une présence triomphaliste du panarabisme; et le deuxième inventé afin de donner une profondeur historique à la carte de l’émirat et une dimension commerciale à ses noms des lieux. L’étude des inscriptions toponymiques, en parallèle avec les principes fondateurs du centre politique, permet d’approfondir la connaissance des systèmes politiques, leurs idéologies, et leurs politique d’urbanisme
I narrate toponymy of Beirut, considered as a revelator and a marker of the Lebanese body politic, constructed in Beirut since 1920. This memoir begins by reflecting on the rapports between the centre politic (capital city or seat of government), its founding principles, and toponymy : the toponyme is the ultimate insertion of the political in everyday’s banality. Beiruti toponymy writes the Grand-Liban (1920), the Lebanese Constitution (1926), on the city’s maps. Also it inscribes political confessionalism, resulting of the Lebanese National Pact (1943) and its sacred symbols, thus a confirmed presence of « East » and « West » and a Lebanese national narrative partially re-invented and presented as a « continuum ». It also presents signs of a visible continuity of the local elite. We put the Beiruti example in perspective with those of Damascus and of Dubai : the Damascene one is « re-written » by the Baath rule since 1963 and presents a toponymic rupture with the Syrian pre-baathist past but a confirmed presence of pan-Arabism; the Dubaian one is invented in order to give a historical depth to the map of Dubai and a commercial dimension to its place names. Study of toponyms, in parallel with that of founding principles of the centre, can inform political systems, their ideological background, and their urban policy

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34

Eichler, Ernst. "Das slawisch-deutsche Toponym in lexikographischer Sicht." Gesellschaft für Namenkunde e.V, 2006. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31438.

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The author presents dictionaries of toponyms from the Slavic-German borderland. The conceptions of German, Czech and Polish dictionaries are presented. He considers the method of toponym-settlement identification better and more transparent than the method of establishing one entry and common linguistic explanation for names of varied origin. The author emphasizes the necessity for research of related names from the various Slavic languages.

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35

Bhattacharya, Sayantan. "Applying toponome imaging system for studying colon cancer." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/47136/.

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Introduction In a proof of principle study, we have applied an automated fluorescence toponome imaging system (TIS) in order to examine, whether TIS can find protein network structures distinguishing cancerous from normal colon tissue from same patient. Methods/Materials Cancer specimen and corresponding normal tissue were harvested at colectomy from a single patient. 5μm sections were then prepared for TIS using a battery of different antibodies, including a number of putative CSC markers. Expression of multiple protein clusters was determined and Combinatorial Molecular Phenotypes (CMPs) were analysed, using specific image-analysis tools. Results By using a three symbol code and a power of combinatorial molecular discrimination (PCMD) of 221 per sub-cellular data point in one single tissue section, we demonstrate an in situ protein network structure, visualized as a mosaic of 6,813 protein clusters (Combinatorial molecular phenotype or CMPs) in the cancerous part of the colon. By contrast, in the histologically normal colon, TIS identifies nearly 5 times the number of protein clusters as compared to the cancerous part (32,009). Discussion and Conclusion By sub-cellular visualization procedures we found, that many cell surface membrane molecules were closely associated with the cell cytoskeleton as unique CMPs in the normal part of the colon, while the same molecules were disassembled in the cancerous part, suggesting presence of dysfunctional cytoskeleton-membrane complexes. As expected, glandular and stromal cell signatures were found, but interestingly also potentially TIS signatures identifying a very restricted subset of cells expressing several putative stem cell markers, all restricted to the cancerous tissue. The detection of these signatures is based on the extreme searching depth, high degree of dimensionality, and sub-cellular resolution capacity of TIS. These findings provide the technological rationale for the feasibility of a complete colon cancer toponome to be established by massive parallel high throughput/high content TIS mapping.

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Aksholakova, Assem. "Variabilität in der Toponymie: Almaty vs. Alma-Ata." Gesellschaft für Namenkunde e.V, 2011. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12543.

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With gaining the independence and the emergence of a new state the linguistic situation in Kazakhstan has been changed. The restoration and return of historical names, the fi xing of unifi ed rules of the transferring of Kazakh toponyms into other languages became the basis of national onomastic policy of independent Kazakhstan. After the law “On languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan” adopted in 1997 the activity on improvement of orthographic norms and formulation of new rules of transferring geographical names from Kazakh into Russian started. As a result of these acts many distorted names of inhabited localities and administrative-territorial units are gradually being put into an appropriate norm. Many of them are still to be corrected according to new “Law on Administrative - Territorial Structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan” (December 8, 1993.) and Presidential Decree (December 29, 1995.), Government Resolution (March 5, 1996.) where the rules on Russian transferring of Kazakh onyms were approved. Due to such activity to former capital of Kazakhstan Alma-Ata was returned its original name Almaty. Thus, in our article we decided to give our point of view on some issues relating to grammatical adaptation of toponym Almaty in Russian language.

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Laîné, Stéphane. "Évolution phonétique des toponymes dans le Nord-Cotentin." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1448.

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La création d’un Code officiel géographique en 1943, la multiplication des supports aux formes écrites des toponymes (documents administratifs, almanachs, panneaux d’indications routières, cartes géographiques …) permettent au grand public de penser que les noms de nos communes sont immuables. Or, il n’en est rien. Les graphies en usage aujourd’hui ont été fixées tardivement, en général au début du XIXe siècle. La prononciation des toponymes demeure multiple, malgré le rôle uniformisateur de l’école et, plus récemment, des médias de masse : prononciation « moderne », induite ou influencée par la graphie ; prononciation plus traditionnelle, transmise oralement et témoin des phénomènes linguistiques historiques ; prononciations dialectales, marquées par des archaïsmes et des caractéristiques d’ampleur locale ou régionale. Après une première partie où l’auteur définit l’aire géographique sur laquelle son travail a porté, les enjeux linguistiques de ses recherches et les outils techniques mis en œuvre, cette thèse expose dans une deuxième partie les résultats obtenus lors d’enquêtes orales effectuées auprès d’un échantillon de cinquante témoins représentatifs de la population de l’arrondissement de Cherbourg. Les formes recueillies sont analysées statistiquement et explicitées. Cette première approche permet de définir une estimation de la prononciation des noms de communes du Nord-Cotentin à l’aube du XXIe siècle et de comprendre quels sont les facteurs qui déterminent une réelle diversité des réalisations orales. Les prononciations dialectales obtenues sont également présentées et étudiées. Après cet aspect synchronique, une troisième partie est consacrée à l’aspect diachronique. Elle présente des reconstitutions hypothétiques de l’évolution phonétique de vingt-cinq toponymes et montre comment l’onomastique s’inscrit dans l’histoire plus générale de la langue, renouvelant ainsi un domaine de recherche qui néglige parfois l’oralité

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Aksholakova, Assem. "Variabilität in der Toponymie: Almaty vs. Alma-Ata." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-145325.

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With gaining the independence and the emergence of a new state the linguistic situation in Kazakhstan has been changed. The restoration and return of historical names, the fi xing of unifi ed rules of the transferring of Kazakh toponyms into other languages became the basis of national onomastic policy of independent Kazakhstan. After the law “On languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan” adopted in 1997 the activity on improvement of orthographic norms and formulation of new rules of transferring geographical names from Kazakh into Russian started. As a result of these acts many distorted names of inhabited localities and administrative-territorial units are gradually being put into an appropriate norm. Many of them are still to be corrected according to new “Law on Administrative - Territorial Structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan” (December 8, 1993.) and Presidential Decree (December 29, 1995.), Government Resolution (March 5, 1996.) where the rules on Russian transferring of Kazakh onyms were approved. Due to such activity to former capital of Kazakhstan Alma-Ata was returned its original name Almaty. Thus, in our article we decided to give our point of view on some issues relating to grammatical adaptation of toponym Almaty in Russian language.

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Baudot-Le, Touz Florence. "La formation de la toponymie routière en Bourgogne." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL014.

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Etude des noms de voies de communication en Bourgogne. Etude générale des noms de voies de communication : historique de la route et de formation des odonymes en Bourgogne. Le traitement régional des formes françaises. Les noms de voies de communication et leur environnement : l'environnement naturel - les noms de voies de communications et l'activité humaine. Cartes. Particularités linguistiques de Bourgogne apparaissant dans quelques odonymes. Index.

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Ahmed, Zaïd Chertouk Malika. "Contribution à l'étude de la toponymie villageoise kabyle." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0015.

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La toponymie est l'un des domaines les moins explorés dans les études berbères. Seules quelques études fragmentaires et de rares contributions consistantes, lacunaires par endroit, ont été entreprises antérieurement. Nous avons estimé qu'il était intéressant de conduire une recherche dans ce domaine. Notre travail se veut une contribution à l'étude de la toponymie villageoise kabyle. Au total, 3736 structures toponymiques collectées en 28 points d'enquête répartis à travers la Kabylie ont été analysées. L'analyse est conduite tous les niveaux de la langue : phonético-phonologique, synthématique, morphosyntaxique et lexico-sémantique. Des modèles de structure linguistique, thématique et spectrale du fonds toponymique villageois ont été proposés. L'(analyse a permis de consolider quelques hypothèses concernant l'unité profonde de la langue berbère et d'apporter des clarifications sur les changements phonétiques et les accidents affectant les jonctions monématiques à travers l'aire dialectale kabyle. Elle a conduit à l'identification et à l'inventoriage des schèmes morphologiques et des mécanismes synthématiques les plus récurrents dans la formation des structures toponymiques villageoises kabyles. L'étude des aspects lexico-sémantiques a montré l'extrême richesse et la précision de ces matériaux ainsi qu'un puissant contingent de termes figés dont la réappropriation limiterait le recours à la néologie lors d'une future opération de planification du lexique berbère. Il s'avère que les structures toponymiques villageoises kabyles ne montrent pas de divergences importantes avec la réalité linguistique kabyle actuelle. Ce sont là quelques résultats obtenus au cours de ce travail exploratoire. IL est important d'aborder dans une phase ultérieure les aspects socio-économiques, historiques et anthropologiques des matériaux traités pour le rendre plus complet
Toponymy is one of the least explored fields in the Berber studies. Only fragmental studies and some scare but substantial contributions were previously undertaken ; the latter are often incomplete. So, we considered that it is necessary and interesting to bring off a research on this subject. Our work is a contribution to studying toponymy of Kabylian villages. 3376 toponyms are analysed ; they are collected from 28 investigated points which are distributed throughout Kabylian area. The analysis is carried for all the Berber language levels : firstly, for phonetic level, then, for synthematic, morphological and syntactic levels, lastly for the lexical and semantic levels. Linguistic, thematic and spectral models are suggested for the structure of Kabylian village toponymy. The analysis allowed to strengthen some assumption about the underlying unity of the Berber language in one hand ; in another hand, it brought about clarifications in phonetic changes and in some accidents which affect some monematic junctions in Kabylian area. It allowed identifying and inventorying recursive morphological schemas and synthematic constructions on which is based the production of the Kabylian village toponymic structures. Study of lexical and syntactic aspects showed the extreme wealth and accuracy of the Kabylian village toponymy. A strong contingent of fixed terms are taken in. Their reactivation will be a good tool to limit neological creating in a future planning process of the Berber language. In another way, we concluded that the Kabylian village toponymy did not show important divergences relatively to the actual Kabylian language. These are some results that e got in this exploratory work. In future, it will be necessary and important to take up new studies on the socio-economic, historic and anthropological aspects of toponyms in order to complete this work

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Pacindova, Laura. "Le culte de Sainte Elisabeth en Slovaquie médiévale (XIIIe-XVIe siècles) : Textes, images, lieux." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH039.

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Cette thèse propose une étude sur l'histoire du culte élisabéthain et son évolution en Slovaquie médiévale entre le XIIIe et le XVIe siècle. Elle s'appuie sur un corpus de 61 représentations visuelles, croisé avec les textes hagiographiques, liturgiques et littéraires, et replacé dans son contexte historique et spatial.Le culte de sainte Élisabeth a été un des plus répandus à travers l'Europe du bas Moyen Âge. Porté par la nouvelle sainteté mendiante, l'exemple d'Élisabeth a trouvé un écho puissant dans son pays d'origine, la Hongrie, immédiatement après sa canonisation en 1235. Plusieurs facteurs contribuèrent à la diffusion de la vénération de cette figure féminine : les familles royales, à commencer par celle des Árpád jusqu'au roi Mathias Corvin ; les mendiants ; et, enfin, les colons allemands. Une première partie de la thèse délimite l'espace géographique du thème étudié et présente les sources iconographiques et hagiographiques élisabéthaines qui constituent la base à partir de laquelle se déploie les grandes caractéristiques du culte. Elle recense d'une part les documents d'ordre juridique et biographique sur sainte Élisabeth, puis place sa personne dans la pratique liturgique à partir des manuscrits conservés en Slovaquie. D'autre part, elle présente l'image de la sainte, qui apparait sur des supports variés, grâce à un corpus iconographique inédit.Dans la deuxième partie, Élisabeth est replacée dans les contextes historiques hongrois et slovaque pour définir les premières formes de l'établissement de son culte. L'étude de la topographie témoigne de l'abondance des lieux dédiés à la sainte dans les décennies suivant sa mort.La troisième partie expose les divers motifs et scènes iconographiques de sainte Élisabeth telles qu'elles ont été pratiquées en Slovaquie et les croisent avec les modèles d'autres pays d'Europe. Les images élisabéthaines, auxquelles les fidèles s'identifient aisément, sont soumises à l'analyse pour démontrer leur plasticité au sein de la société médiévale où différents groupes sociopolitiques peuvent se les approprier selon ses propres besoins spirituels. Cette analyse située à la croisée de deux disciplines : l'histoire et l'histoire de l'art, apporte un regard nouveau sur les variations du culte d'une sainte à travers un rassemblement inédit de ses représentations du XIIIe au XVIe siècle
This thesis deals with the history of the Elizabethan cult and its evolution in Medieval Slovakia between the 13th and the 16th centuries. It is based on a corpus of 61 visual representations crosschecked against hagiographic, liturgical and literary texts and put in its historical and spatial context. The cult of Saint Elizabeth is one of the most widespread throughout Europe in the Late Middle Ages. Backed by the new begging holiness, the example of Elizabeth finds an echo in Hungary, her country of origin, immediately after her canonization in 1235, where many factors contribute to the spread of the reverence for this feminine figure: royal families, starting with that of the Árpáds and ending by King Matthias Corvinus; beggars; and finally German settlers. The first part of the thesis defines the geographical space of the topic under consideration and determines Elizabethan iconographic and hagiographic sources which constitute the base for the problem of cult. On the one hand, this part identifies legal and biographical documents on Saint Elizabeth and analyses liturgical practices in connection with this figure on the basis of the manuscripts conserved in Slovakia. On the other hand, it presents the image of the saint with the help of an original iconographic corpus. The second part focuses on Elizabeth in the Hungarian and Slovak historical contexts in order to define the earliest forms of the establishment of her cult. Informed by historical topography, it shows the abundance of places dedicated to the saint in the decades following her death. The third part sets out different motifs and iconographic scenes of Saint Elizabeth in Slovakia and discusses them in comparison with other models in Europe. The images of Saint Elizabeth, with which the faithful identify themselves easily, are analyzed to demonstrate their plasticity in the medieval society which appropriates them according to its own demands. This analysis, placed at the crossroads of two subjects: history and history of art, provides a new approach to cult variations of the saint through the original grouping of representations from the 13th till the 16th centuries

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King, Jacob. "Analytical tools for toponymy : their application to Scottish hydronymy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3020.

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It has long been observed that there is a correlation between the physical qualities of a watercourse and the linguistic qualities of its name; for instance, of two river-names, one having the linguistic quality of river as its generic element, and one having burn, one would expect the river to be the longer of the two. Until now, a phenomenon such as this had never been formally quantified. The primary focus of this thesis is to create, within a Scottish context, a methodology for elucidating the relationship between various qualities of hydronyms and the qualities of the watercourses they represent. The area of study includes every catchment area which falls into the sea from the River Forth, round the east coast of Scotland, up to and including the Spey; also included is the east side of the River Leven / Loch Lomond catchment area. The linguistic strata investigated are: Early Celtic, P-Celtic, Gaelic and Scots. In the first half of the introduction scholarly approaches to toponymy are discussed, in a Scottish and hydronymic context, from the inception of toponymy as a discipline up to the present day; the capabilities and limitations of these approaches are taken into consideration. In the second half the approaches taken in this thesis are outlined. The second chapter explains and justifies in more detail the methodology and calculus used in this thesis. The subsequent chapters examine the following linguistic components of a hydronym: generic elements, linguistic strata, semantics and phonological overlay. In each of these chapters the methodology is harnessed as an analytical tool to generate new findings for hydronymic research. The conclusion consists of a summary of the findings and a review of the performance of the calculus. It emerges that these analytical tools are of use to the field of toponymy in two ways. Firstly, they formalise and challenge previously unquantified statements made in the field of toponymy. Secondly, they elucidate hitherto unnoticed phenomena. It is suggested that in the future this methodology be applied to other datasets (particularly hill-names) and to other regions in Scotland and the world at large.

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Pasquali, Stéphane. "Recherches sur Memphis au Nouvel Empire : topographie, toponymie, histoire." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30018.

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Monographie thématique visant à documenter l’ensemble du territoire memphite dans les domaines de la toponymie et de la topographie pour la période du Nouvel Empire. Cette recherche est composée de deux volumes. Le premier constitue l’étude proprement dite. Celle-ci s’ouvre par un essai sur l’histoire évènementielle de la région règne par règne qui a pour objectif d’établir le cadre historique de la recherche qui suit. La deuxième partie est la synthèse sur la géographie de la région qui s’organise en cinq thématiques : la première qui est une mise au point générale sur l’agglomération memphite et son territoire, la deuxième consacrée aux palais et autres résidences royales, la troisième au quartier portuaire et à l’épineux problème de la localisation de Pérounéfer, les quatrième et cinquième aux fondations royales et divines. Le second volume est le corpus documentaire où est compilé en différents catalogues indépendants, l’ensemble des sources utiles au sujet
Thematic monograph aiming to document the entire Memphite area in the fields of toponymy and topography for the period of the New Kingdom. This research consists in two volumes. The first is the actual study. It begins with an essay on the history of the region which aims to establish the framework of the research that follows. The second part is a synthesis on the geography of the area, which is organized into five thematics : the first is a clarification on the Memphite area and its territory, the second devoted to the palaces and others royal residences, the third to the port district and the thorny problem of the location of Perunefer, the fourth and fifth to royal and divine foundations. The second volume is the documentary corpus where is compiled in various independent catalogues, all the useful sources to the topic

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Locatelli, Lauriane. "La toponymie et l'ethnonymie de la Pisidie antique (XIIIe s.a.C. ; début IVe s.p.C.)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC014.

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La Pisidie, région montagneuse du sud-ouest de l’Asie Mineure, est un véritable conservatoire toponymique de la culture et des langues anatoliennes. Notre thèse porte sur la toponymie et l’ethnonymie de la Pisidie et sur la persistance des langues anatoliennes dans la toponymie de la région. La toponymie et l’ethnonymie nous révèlent l’emprise sur le territoire de chaque peuplement, qu’il s’agisse du peuplement anatolien ou des peuplements exogènes (principalement grecs et romains). En effet, par le choix de la langue utilisée pour créer le nom du lieu ou du peuple, nous en apprenons davantage sur la région. Après avoir réalisé un catalogue des toponymes et des ethnonymes de la Pisidie classés par types et discuté leur origine à l’aide d’arguments linguistiques pour chacun d’entre eux, nous étudions la présence grecque et les colonies romaines en envisageant les dominations successives du point de vue de la toponymie. Plusieurs thèmes sont abordés : la question du contrôle de la région à l’époque hellénistique, les fondations séleucides, ainsi que les colonies romaines fondées par Auguste. Puis, nous nous concentrons sur l’identité des Pisidiens, en étudiant la question de leur origine et des topoi qui leurs sont associés. Les continuités et les ruptures territoriales de la Pisidie sont abordées avant un panorama toponymique présentant un classement linguistique et un classement sémantique des toponymes en fonction du référentiel sémantique (eau, relief, végétation, etc.). L’essentiel des toponymes est descriptif et renvoie à des éléments du paysage
Pisidia, a mountainous region in southwestern Asia Minor, is a real toponymic conservatory of Anatolian culture and languages. Our thesis deals with the toponymy and ethnonymy of Pisidia and the persistence of Anatolian languages in the toponymy of the region. Toponymy and ethnonymy reveal the territorial control of each settlement, whether it be Anatolian population or exogenous settlements (mainly Greek and Roman). Indeed, by choosing the language used to create the name of the place or the people, we learn more about the region. After having produced a catalog of toponyms and ethnonyms of the Pisidia classified by types and after having discussed their origin using linguistic arguments for each one, we study the Greek presence and the Roman colonies by considering the successive domination in regard to toponymy. Several themes were discussed : the question of the control of the region during the Hellenistic period, the Seleucid foundations, as well as the Roman colonies founded by Augustus. Then we focus on the identity of the Pisidians, studying the question of their origin and the topoi associated with them. The continuities and territorial cleavage of Pisidia are discussed before a toponymic panorama showing a linguistic classification and a semantic classification of toponyms based on the semantic repository (water, relief, vegetation, etc.). Most of the place names are descriptive and refer to elements of the landscape

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Tóth, Valéria. "Hungarian digital toponym registry: results of a research programme." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung (GfN), 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13573.

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Das Digitale Ungarische Ortsverzeichnis. Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts. – Im Sommer 2010 wurde unter dem Namen Digitales Ungarisches Ortsverzeichnis ein Forschungsvorhaben begonnen mit dem langfristigen Ziel der Aufnahme und Analyse des vollständigen Ortsnameninventars des Karpatenbeckens. Das Programm wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit Experten verschiedener ungarischer und ausländischer Einrichtungen aufgenommen, es möchte die Geschichte der Ortsnamen von den Anfängen bis heute untersuchen. Das Digitale Ungarische Ortsverzeichnis dient wissenschaftlichen Zwecken, kann aber gleichzeitig für ein allgemeines Publikum von Interesse sein. Die Datenbasis besteht aus zwei Teilen: das Moderne Ortsnamenverzeichnis enthält hauptsächlich Ortsnamen des 18. bis 20. Jahrhunderts, das Historische Ortsnamenverzeichnis erfasst Ortsnamen aus der Zeit bis 1350. Die zugrundeliegende Software-Architektur wird durch das 4D Datenbank-Management-System realisiert, das unter anderem über eine GIS- Komponente verfügt und damit die Visualisierung toponymischer Daten auf Karten ermöglicht: moderne toponymische Daten werden auf Fotografien von Google Earth projiziert, während historische Daten auf rekonstruierten mittelalterlichen Karten eingetragen werden. Dieser Beitrag möchte die allgemeinen und wissenschaftlichen Zielsetzungen des Digitalen Ungarischen Ortsverzeichnisses beschreiben und auf die bereits erreichten Resultate hinweisen. Das Ortsverzeichnis ist verfügbar unter http://mdh.unideb.hu.

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Hellfritzsch, Volkmar. "Grundlegendes zur Beziehung von Toponymie und Familiennamen unter arealem Aspekt." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung (GfN), 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13553.

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Basic Research on the Relation between Toponymy and Surnames from the Areal Point of View. – The article thoroughly reviews vol. IV of the high-profile German Atlas of Family Names covering present-day anthroponyms after origin (place names etc.) or habitation (field-names and the like). Its focused approach to various methodical problems the authors were faced with permits us to recognize their theoretical performance and their etymological achievements as well. The effectively used principle to go from the general to the particular, which enables them to overcome the difficulties of delimiting both classes of names, to form subcategories, and to examine typological and singular phenomena – not to forget the wealth of conclusive maps –, is especially pointed out. In view of the extensive and sophisticated problems that had to be tackled some additional remarks and supplements on the part of the reviewer can in no account depreciate the authors’ further substantial contribution to anthroponomastics.

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Баранова, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Баранова, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Baranova, and D. Zhukova. "The status of anthroponyms and toponyms in the english fiction." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19591.

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Hellfritzsch, Volkmar. "Grundlegendes zur Beziehung von Toponymie und Familiennamen unter arealem Aspekt." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-179758.

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Basic Research on the Relation between Toponymy and Surnames from the Areal Point of View. – The article thoroughly reviews vol. IV of the high-profile German Atlas of Family Names covering present-day anthroponyms after origin (place names etc.) or habitation (field-names and the like). Its focused approach to various methodical problems the authors were faced with permits us to recognize their theoretical performance and their etymological achievements as well. The effectively used principle to go from the general to the particular, which enables them to overcome the difficulties of delimiting both classes of names, to form subcategories, and to examine typological and singular phenomena – not to forget the wealth of conclusive maps –, is especially pointed out. In view of the extensive and sophisticated problems that had to be tackled some additional remarks and supplements on the part of the reviewer can in no account depreciate the authors’ further substantial contribution to anthroponomastics.

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OÌ, Mainnin M. B. "Townland names and other place-names of Irish-language origin in the parishes of Armagh, Eglish and Grange, County Armagh." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252597.

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Kilchmann, Mirjam. "Namenzwillinge und ‑mehrlinge in der Toponymie: Am Beispiel von Deutschschweizer Ortsnamen." Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung, 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75805.

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Not all place names are unique, and certain place names are – or used to be – name twins or even name multiples. In a corpus of around 1200 place names from German speaking Switzerland it was found that nearly a quarter of them share the original name form with at least one other name (etymological or primary homonyms). Today, the originally identical name forms are either the same or differ from each other. A smaller part of the corpus consists of place names that show the same name form today but derive from different original name forms (secondary homonyms). This article explores the possibility of classifying place names according to the concept of homonymy, which is familiar primarily in relation to common nouns and has not been examined with regard to place names before. As a first step, the place names were classified into types of homonymy (total or partial homonymy). Subsequently, the processes that lead from the original name form to today’s name form – either parallel to or different from each other – were investigated and characterized. The aim was to explore the influencing factors affecting the development of the name forms. It was found that the geographical distance between the places involved can have a major influence on the development of the names. However, phonological processes, writing conventions in administration, morphology and folk etymology also play an important role.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Toponyme'

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