Relevant bibliographies by topics / Topping Up

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Topping Up'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Topping Up"

1

Bartek, Jiri, and Niels Mailand. "TOPping up ATR Activity." Cell 124, no. 5 (2006): 888–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.029.

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Appleby, J., and J. Maybin. "Topping up NHS care." BMJ 337, no. 06 3 (2008): a2449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a2449.

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Henning, Elizabeth (Elbie). "Topping up on ‘top down’." Education as Change 15, no. 1 (2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16823206.2011.602183.

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SACHS, BENJAMIN. "Extortion and the Ethics of “Topping Up”." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 4 (2009): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090653.

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In November 2008 Professor Mike Richards issued his much awaited review of the British Department of Health's policy on out-of-pocket payments (“top-ups”) for drugs not approved as cost effective by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). The policy stated, or had been construed as stating, that those who top up thereby became ineligible for further National Health Service (NHS) treatment for the condition targeted by the drug. For instance, if a lung cancer sufferer bought Avastin, which is not NICE approved, she could no longer receive free treatment for her cancer
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Braker, Emily. "Jar-by-Jar: Curation Improvements to the Herpetology Collection at CUMNH." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 4, 2018): e25853. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25853.

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The University of Colorado Museum of Natural History (CUMNH) Herpetology Collection is comprised of over 65,000 fluid-preserved specimens representing over 2,500 taxa from more than 70 countries. Despite its active use, a history of irregular topping up schedules and a decades-long dearth in rehousing projects due to budgetary constraints left the collection in substandard conditions. A 2015 survey of roughly 10% of the collection revealed average ethanol concentrations far below desired levels, with only 15% of specimen jars surveyed containing optimal preservative strengths of 70% (+/- 2.5%)
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Lee, Sora, Chaelin Jo, Miri Choi, Jihyeon Lee, Nayoung Choi, and Chaein Na. "Effect of Plant Topping on Seasonal Development, Physiological Changes, and Grain Yield of Soybean." Plants 14, no. 13 (2025): 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14132068.

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Soybean (Glycine max L.) is vulnerable to environmental stresses, such as heavy rainfall and high winds, which promote lodging and reduce plant performance during the monsoon season. To mitigate these issues, we evaluated the effects of plant topping, a practice involving the removal of apical buds, on plant architecture, physiological traits, and grain yield in four soybean cultivars over two growing seasons (2021–2022). Plant topping was performed at the V6-7 stage by cutting 30–35 cm above the ground. Plant topping reduced plant height by up to 23.5% and decreased leaf area index (by 8.0–16
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Lerche, Ian. "Leakage up Faults: Production and Supply Concerns for “Topping Up” Sands." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 23, no. 2 (2005): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0144598054529987.

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This paper discusses the leakage of hydrocarbons up a fault into an overlying sand that is cut by the fault. The supply of hydrocarbons is continuous until exhaustion of the main source below the sand. At the same time that hydrocarbons can be filling the sand, production is also allowed from the sand components. Hydrocarbons may also bypass either or both components of the cut sand if their respective capacities have been reached, so that there can be a time dependent loss from the lower sand component or the upper sand component or both, as they are filled and drained by production. Numerica
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Farling, P. A. "Protection of the topping-up syringe during epidural analgesia." Anaesthesia 40, no. 1 (1985): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10522.x.

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Marshal, Aldo Leviko, and Ahmad Nurul Fajar. "Analisis Faktor Kesalahan Dalam Proses Pengisian Saldo Kedalam Dompet Digital Yang Dituju Dengan Aplikasi BCA Mobile." Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin 3, no. 3 (2023): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/metta.v3i3.2695.

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Digital money has become a modern transaction tool used today in the form of a number of balances for buying and selling transactions. Apart from the ease of making transactions with digital money innovations, it is possible that errors may occur in sending the balance to the intended digital wallet. This research aims to determine the influence of display quality factors, system services, and information service factors in the process of topping up balances into digital wallets. This research method uses a quantitative method by collecting data using a questionnaire by distributing questions
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Dunham, Gary. "Convention A La Mode." ASHA Leader 18, no. 7 (2013): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/leader.ftr1.18072013.36.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Topping Up"

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Cashman, Adrian Christopher. "Topping up or watering down? : can regulation support sustainability? : the case of the water industry of England and Wales." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12843/.

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Water is the most invisible of the visible means of existence in our post-modern society. It is a defining characteristic that unites our natural, social and economic world and is fundamental for life and health. However, given its multiple characteristics the management of water is a complex and often contradictory task that has led to an on-going quest for acceptable solutions. As if this were not problem enough, the last few decades have seen concepts of sustainability become overtly important principles, impacting on the governance of the water sector. A consequence of this rise in importa
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Books on the topic "Topping Up"

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Bunde, Elizabeth. Zimbabwe: Delivery team topping up (DTTU) system assessment. USAID/Deliver Project, 2007.

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Isildak, Yesim. Yesim Topping-Up My Account Light. Independently Published, 2022.

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Mom, Networth. You're Just Write for Me: A 31 Day Journal with Funny Pick-Up Lines Topping Each Page - Lined Journal Funny Gag Gift. Independently Published, 2021.

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Library, The Law. Veterans and Dependents Education - Topping-Up Tuition Assistance - Licensing and Certification Tests - Duty to Assist Education Claimants (Us Department of Veterans Affairs Regulation) (Va) (2018 Edition). Independently Published, 2019.

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Jang, Karen. Ice Cream Garnish Ideas: Find Your Favorite and Dress up with Toppings! Independently Published, 2021.

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100+ Ice Cream Garnish Ideas: Find Your Favorite and Dress up with Toppings! Independently Published, 2021.

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Connington, J. J. Nordenholt's Million. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14276.001.0001.

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As a bacteria threatens to wipe out humankind, a plutocrat sets himself up as the benignant dictator of a survivalist colony. In this novel originally published in 1923, as denitrifying bacteria inimical to plant growth spreads around the world, toppling civilizations and threatening to wipe out humankind, the British plutocrat Nordenholt sets himself up as the benignant dictator of a ruthlessly efficient, entirely undemocratic, survivalist colony established in Scotland's Clyde Valley. Discovering just how far their employer is willing to go in his effort to spare one million lives, Jack Flin
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Book chapters on the topic "Topping Up"

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"Topping up teenage misery." In A Little Learning. Routledge, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203967805-106.

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"topping-up [n] of sand areas [UK]." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Landscape and Urban Planning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76435-9_14822.

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Menconi, David. "How to Make It in the Music Business without Really Trying." In Step It Up and Go. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469659350.003.0012.

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Superchunk never hit it big, but their label Merge Records did, scoring chart-topping records and an Album Of The Year Grammy Award with Montreal’s Arcade Fire. They were just the latest and greatest label in local history, going back to Colonial Records, which released Andy Griffith’s 1953 hit routine “What It Was, Was Football.” In Durham, Sugar Hill Records became one of the top bluegrass labels in the 1980s. But while other labels came and went, Merge was the one with the most staying power of all.
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Kajikawa, Takenobu. "The Concept of Thermoelectric Power Generation Topping-Up Cogeneration System." In Thermoelectrics Handbook. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038903.ch51.

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"Dilemmas in brief therapy: referral-on, topping up, extended contracts." In Diversity, Discipline, and Devotion in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, edited by Gertrud Mander. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429473838-4.

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"Prologue: ‘How topping to be alive and well up in the hunt’." In Blood Sport. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300159806-003.

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Sadik, Wafaa EL, and Rüdiger Heimlich. "The Tough Women of Luxor." In Protecting Pharaoh's Treasures. American University in Cairo Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774168253.003.0006.

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This chapter details the author's introduction to a group of American women who wished to finance and undertake an excavation in Karnak. These women include television starlet Diane Smith, painter and art dealer Mary Martin, photographer and writer Audrey Topping, former skeet-shooting champion Betje Carlson, and Gypsy Grave, a director of a private archaeological museum in Florida. They were five power women who had pulled strings to get permission for the first all-female archaeological mission. They set up the private Nile Foundation, for which they collected roughly $100,000 in sponsors' m
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Wilshire, Howard G., Richard W. Hazlett, and Jane E. Nielson. "Routes of Ruin." In The American West at Risk. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195142051.003.0010.

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The United States is more wedded to vehicles than is any other nation, and “freedom” to many Americans seemingly means driving their individual vehicles anywhere they choose. Opinion polls commonly show high proportions of U.S. citizens more concerned about gas prices, potholed highways, or restrictions on vehicle access to backcountry washes and dirt roads than about government scandals, stolen elections, or environmental damage. Unfortunately, vehicles and roads exact a huge toll on lives and health and threaten our future well-being. Driving wheeled vehicles, and constructing roads to suppo
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Tol, Gönül. "Attacking Kurds Trumps Toppling Assad." In Erdoğan’s War. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197677322.003.0006.

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Abstract Chapter Five focuses on the implications of the change in Erdoğan’s domestic plans for his Syria policy. The chapter zooms in on how Erdoğan’s nationalist turn led to a shift in his priorities, from ousting the regime to curbing Kurdish advances in northern Syria. It shows that Erdoğan ended up empowering the very regime he desperately sought to overthrow, in order to obtain Assad’s acquiescence to Turkey’s military incursions that aimed to check Kurdish advances. It argues that after years of arming the anti-Assad opposition, Erdoğan dealt one of the biggest blows to that same opposi
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Engel, William E. "‘But yet each circumstance I taste not fully’: Spectacles of Ruin." In Death and Drama in Renaissance England. Oxford University PressOxford, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199257621.003.0004.

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Abstract These lines, spoken by Bianca, the factor’s wife, after she has seized the poisoned cup and drunk from it—the last in a series of many deaths depicted on stage—invite the audience to see her death as an object lesson. But we are asked to learn by her fate, not how to live more moral or chaste or well-ordered lives, but how to recognize our foes. As we saw in the previous chapter, the slumping into death calls forth a moment of reflection, during which time we can frame up, in the theatre of our minds, the image evoked through the presentation of fatal destiny. This passage also commen
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Conference papers on the topic "Topping Up"

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Guan, Shiwei William, Bredero Shaw, and Alan Kehr. "High Temperature Cathodic Disbondment Testing for Pipeline Coatings." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3860.

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Abstract Cathodic Disbondment (CD) testing has historically been performed on protective coatings to assess coating delamination resistance when exposed to cathodic polarization. Unfortunately, there is no broadly accepted high temperature CD testing standard in the pipeline industry. There are disparate reference standards, testing durations, reference electrode types, electrolyte temperatures and topping up/replacing frequency, testing potentials, sample testing temperature, means of assessment, and non-standard test procedures that characterize the varying practices currently used in the in
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Okocha, Cyril, Tao Chen, Alex Thornton, and Qiwei Wang. "Development of a Squeezable Iron Sulfide Scale Inhibitor for Ultra-Tight Sandstone." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-17896.

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Abstract Iron sulfide scaling can manifest both downhole and topside in sour production scenarios. Topsides development can be mitigated via continuous strategic application of an appropriate sulfide scale inhibitor package, however downhole sulfide scaling presents a more complex challenge. Continuous downhole application of sulfide scale inhibitors via capillary string and valve, or routed to valve via existing gas lift architecture are two common delivery options available to the operator, but are unfortunately both limited to providing scale control at injection valve depth and up-string.
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Kelsall, G. J., M. A. Smith, H. Todd, and M. J. Burrows. "Combustion of LCV Coal Derived Fuel Gas for High Temperature, Low Emissions Gas Turbines in the British Coal Topping Cycle." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-384.

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Advanced coal based power generation systems such as the British Coal Topping Cycle offer the potential for high efficiency electricity generation with minimum environmental impact. An important component of the Topping Cycle programme is the development of a gas turbine combustion system to burn low calorific value (3.5–4.0 MJ/m3 wet gross) coal derived fuel gas, at a turbine inlet temperature of 1260°C, with minimum pollutant emissions. The paper gives an overview of the British Coal approach to the provision of a gas turbine combustion system for the British Coal Topping Cycle, which includ
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Bohn, D., G. H. Dibelius, R. U. Pitt, R. Faatz, G. Cerri, and C. Salvini. "Optimizing a Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Combined Cycle With Gas Turbine Topping Cycle." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-390.

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Combined Cycles for the generation of electricity or co-generation of heat and power with Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC) of coal and a gas turbine topping cycle fired with a fuel suitable for gas turbines have been studied to set up optimum process parameters with respect to net efficiency, emissions including CO2, and keeping in mind the feasibility of the plant components. As a basic approach, natural gas has been considered as a fuel for the topping gas turbine. Net efficiencies up to 50% (LHV) are acheived. For the calculations, a Recursive Equality Constraint Quadratic Progra
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Duan, Liqiang, De’an Tao, Yongping Yang, and Binbin He. "Parametric Study on Topping Cycle SOFC-MGT Hybrid Power System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59689.

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In order to further improve the power generation efficiency, the hybrid power generation system integrated with high temperature fuel cell system has become the research focus in recent years. From the viewpoint of intercrossing of thermodynamics and electrochemistry, this paper studies the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Micro Gas Turbine (SOFC-MGT) hybrid combined cycle system. Firstly, based on the electrochemical analysis, SOFC system model is built and the effects of main parameters (current density, operating temperature and pressure, fuel utilization ratio, et al) on the overall SOFC system are a
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Chui, Kin F., Nirmal V. Gnanapragasam, Bale V. Reddy, and Ramesh C. Prasad. "Exergy Analysis of an Indirectly-Fired Combined Cycle Power Generation System." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54346.

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A natural gas fired combined cycle power plant with indirectly-fired heating for additional work output is investigated in the current work. The mass flow rate of coal for the indirect firing mode in circulating fluidized bed combustor is estimated based on fixed natural gas input to the topping combustor. The effects of pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature, inlet temperature to the topping combustor on the exergetic performance of the combined cycle configuration are analysed. The use of coal in indirect-firing mode reduces with increase in turbine inlet temperature due to increase i
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Silaen, Armin, Bin Wu, and Chenn Zhou. "Numerical Investigation of Thermoelectric Topping Cycle in Coal Fired Power Plant Boiler." In ASME 2016 5th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2016-6579.

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Traditional fossil fuel power generation process typically has low efficiency. Large amount of the energy loss in Rankine cycle steam turbines (ST) is due to the temperature difference between the combustion flame temperature ∼2250 K (adiabatic) and the high pressure steam temperature up to 900 K. This paper investigates the potential of harvesting this energy to produce additional electrical power using solid-state thermoelectric (TE) power generators placed into the gap between the flame temperature and the steam temperature. Three dimensional (3D) numerical model of a simplified TE module i
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Silaen, Armin, Bin Wu, Dong Fu, Chenn Zhou, Kazuaki Yazawa, and Ali Shakouri. "Numerical Model of Thermoelectric Topping Cycle of Coal Fired Power Plant." In ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22248.

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Traditional fossil fuel power generation process typically has low efficiency. Large amount of the energy loss in Rankine cycle steam turbines (ST) is due to the temperature difference between the combustion flame temperature ∼2250 K (adiabatic) and the high pressure steam temperature up to 900 K. However, some of this energy can be harvested using solid-state thermoelectric (TE) power generators which are placed into the gap between the flame temperature and the steam temperature that produce additional electrical power. This study investigates the potential placement of TE on water tube wall
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Domeracki, William F., T. E. Dowdy, and Dennis M. Bachovchin. "Topping Combustor Status for Second Generation Pressurized Fluidized Bed Cycle Application." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-106.

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Second-Generation Pressurized Fluidized Bed (PFB) combined cycles employ topping combustion to raise the turbine inlet temperature for enhanced cycle efficiency. This concept creates special combustion system requirements that are very different from requirements of conventional gas turbine systems. The topping combustor provides the means for achieving state-of-the-art turbine inlet temperatures and is the main contributor to enhanced plant performance. The objective of this program is to develop a topping combustor that provides low emissions, and is a durable, efficient device exhibiting st
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Bohn, D., G. H. Dibelius, R. U. Pitt, R. Faatz, G. Cerri, and C. Salvini. "Study of Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Combined Cycles With Gas Turbine Topping Cycle." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-343.

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Coal based combined cycles for efficient generation of electricity or cogeneration of thermal and mechanical (electrical) power can be realized making use of Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC). A draw-back with respect to the efficiency, however, is imposed from the combustion system limiting the temperature to some 850°C. This threshold may be overcome by integrating a high pressure, high temperature gas turbine topping cycle into the process. In a first step, the high pressure, high temperature gas turbine is fired by natural gas, and the exhaust gas of the turbine is fed to the PFB
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