Relevant bibliographies by topics / TORCH-infection

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'TORCH-infection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 13 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "TORCH-infection"

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Kravchenko, E. N., L. V. Kuklina, G. V. Krivchik, O. Yu Tsygankova, O. A. Yakovleva, and A. A. Goncharova. "Correlations between TORCH infections and antiphospholipid antibodies in spontaneous abortion." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 19, no. 4 (2020): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2020-4-92-98.

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Objective. To study correlations between TORCH infections and antiphospholipid antibodies in spontaneous abortion. Patients and methods. We analysed 137 medical records of women with histories of abortion, who were divided into two groups according to the presence/absence of plasmapheresis in their treatment regimens at the stage of pregravid preparation with subsequent ranking to two subgroups according to the presence/absence of an active TORCH infection. Results. A moderate positive correlation was found between the levels of TORCH infection markers and IgМ against cardiolipin, IgМ against annexin V, IgМ against phospholipids. The maximal values of a strong positive correlation was noted in the pairs «TORCH – anticardiolipin IgG» as one of the most specific markers of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and «TORCH – antiphospholipid IgG» as the less specific antibodies, whose concentrations significantly increase in case of a TORCH infection, irrespective of the presence of APS. The presence of antibodies against a TORCH infection and correlations between them have shown a reciprocal relation between the markers of a TORCH infection and anticardiolipin IgG, anti-b2-glycoprotein-1 IgG, and TORCH – antiphospholipid IgG. Conclusion. TORCH infections are associated with higher titers of antiphospholipid antibodies, which in certain cases might lead to the appearance of the clinical symptoms of antiphospholipid syndrome. Key words: antiphospholipid antibodies, antiphospholipid syndrome, miscarriage, plasmapheresis, TORCH infection
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Vesiolyi, S. V., R. P. Klimanskyi, and K. V. Latyshov. "Annular Pancreas Associated with TORCH-infection." CHILD`S HEALTH, no. 2.61 (April 28, 2015): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0551.2.61.2015.75153.

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Pakhdikian, Sarin. "COVID-19: The Latest TORCH Infection?" Neonatology Today 15, no. 11 (2020): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51362/neonatology.today/20201115113031.

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Poudyal, Anup, Nimesh Poudyal, and Basudha Khanal. "Seroprevalance of ToRCH Infection –A Laboratory Profile." International Journal of Biomedical Research 9, no. 4 (2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijbr.v9i4.4734.

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Background: ToRCH infection (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus) causes severe consequences in child in ongoing pregnancy. Screening for ToRCH etiologies are sought for those females who have had bad obstetrics history and in children born with birth defects. Such screening helps the couple and the clinicians to develop a consensus for preparedness of adverse fetal outcome, future prevention and planning for next conception.Objectives: This retrospective study was conducted to have an understanding on the burden of ToRCH infection in various clinically suspected cases encountered in BPKIHS.Methods: Laboratory record of 52 serum samples submitted from August 2012 to July 2013 for screening of ToRCH infections was analyzed.Result: Among 52 adult female serums, most (50) were positive for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG, but none were reactive for Rubella IgM. Both IgG and IgM were positive for CMV in 10 cases, Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) in 1 case and Toxoplasma in 1 case.Conclusion: This study shows, CMV as the most common and Toxoplasma as the least common etiology among the ToRCH profile, in our setup.
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Hossain, Mohammad, Nur Muhammad, Satish Kumar Shah, et al. "Correlation between TORCH infection and congenital hydrocephalusin pediatric age groups: Case report." Bangladesh Journal of Neurosurgery 8, no. 2 (2019): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjns.v8i2.42360.

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TORCH infection is associated with Toxoplasmosis, Treponema pallidum, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Hepatitis viruses, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and other infections such as varicella andparvovirus B19.Paediatric age group with congenital hydrocephalus present with different presentation and has different etiology associated too. TORCH infection is associated with increase morbidity and mortality in pediatricsmainly in prenatal and infant age groups. Clinical presentation varies with type of infection involved and clinical outcome varies too. We report our experience with the management of 4 patients with hydrocephalus associated with TORCH infection, its presentation, its sequelae and management. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2019; 8(2): 119-124
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Pradhan, SV. "Epidemiological and serological profiles of TORCH infection in pregnancy." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 5, no. 9 (2015): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v5i9.13690.

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Background: Maternal infections caused by TORCH [Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV)] are the major causes of bad obstetric history. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of TORCH infections in pregnancyMaterials and Methods:The study included 109 pregnant women with unfavorable previous pregnancy. Serological evaluation for TORCH infections was carried out by IgM Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay method. Data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 whenever necessary.Results: The IgM/ IgG sero-positivity to T. gondii, Rubella, CMV and HSV-2 was 26.6/9.2 %, 9.2/78.9%, 17.4/58.7%, and 4.6/35.8 % respectively. There was an increased percentage of CMV infection. There was increased number of recent Toxoplasma infection in comparison to other studies conducted.Conclusion: A previous history of pregnancy wastage and the serological reaction for TORCH infections during current pregnancy must be considered while managing BOH cases so as to reduce the adverse fetal outcome.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 705-708
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Macedo-da-Silva, Janaina, Claudio Romero Farias Marinho, Giuseppe Palmisano, and Livia Rosa-Fernandes. "Lights and Shadows of TORCH Infection Proteomics." Genes 11, no. 8 (2020): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080894.

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Congenital abnormalities cause serious fetal consequences. The term TORCH is used to designate the most common perinatal infections, where: (T) refers to toxoplasmosis, (O) means “others” and includes syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19, zika virus (ZIKV), and malaria among others, (R) refers to rubella, (C) relates to cytomegalovirus infection, and (H) to herpes simplex virus infections. Among the main abnormalities identified in neonates exposed to congenital infections are central nervous system (CNS) damage, microcephaly, hearing loss, and ophthalmological impairment, all requiring regular follow-up to monitor its progression. Protein changes such as mutations, post-translational modifications, abundance, structure, and function may indicate a pathological condition before the onset of the first symptoms, allowing early diagnosis and understanding of a particular disease or infection. The term “proteomics” is defined as the science that studies the proteome, which consists of the total protein content of a cell, tissue or organism in a given space and time, including post-translational modifications (PTMs) and interactions between proteins. Currently, quantitative bottom-up proteomic strategies allow rapid and high throughput characterization of complex biological mixtures. Investigating proteome modulation during host–pathogen interaction helps in elucidating the mechanisms of infection and in predicting disease progression. This “molecular battle” between host and pathogen is a key to identify drug targets and diagnostic markers. Here, we conducted a survey on proteomic techniques applied to congenital diseases classified in the terminology “TORCH”, including toxoplasmosis, ZIKV, malaria, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCVM). We have highlighted proteins and/or protein complexes actively involved in the infection. Most of the proteomic studies reported have been performed in cell line models, and the evaluation of tissues (brain, muscle, and placenta) and biofluids (plasma, serum and urine) in animal models is still underexplored. Moreover, there are a plethora of studies focusing on the pathogen or the host without considering the triad mother-fetus-pathogen as a dynamic and interconnected system.
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Indiran, Venkatraman. "Large unilateral brain stone in TORCH infection." Neurology India 63, no. 6 (2015): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.170100.

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Haffner, Darrah N., Shawn O’Connor, and John Zempel. "A Rare Presentation of Congenital TORCH Infection." Pediatric Neurology 105 (April 2020): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.11.018.

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Sahu, Susanta Kumar, Subrat Kumar Pradhan, and Lal Mohan Nayak. "Seroprevalence of TORCH infection among pregnant women." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (2019): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191842.

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Background: TORCH infection complex during pregnancy has bad obstetric outcomes starting from low birth weight to congenital anomalies, sensory neural deafness, mental retardation, cerebral palsy and sometimes to fatal outcomes like abortion and still birth. As these diseases remain mostly asymptomatic these are rarely tested during pregnancy. Serology is the mainstay of diagnosing these infections..Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken to estimate the burden of these infections in a rural belt of western Odisha where majority of the population depend upon agricultural work. A total number of 402 antenatal cases were screened by ELISA test for presence of IgG&IgM antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 & 2; RPR test was done to know seroprevalence of Syphilis.Results: It was found that Rubella is the most predominant infection being positive in 69.1% of the cases (IgG 68.4%, IgM 0.5%, and both IgG&IgM 0.25%), followed by CMV infection-66.7% (IgG 57.2%, IgM 1.7%, both 7.7%), Toxoplasma infection-39.8% (IgG 38.3%, IgM 0.7%, both 0.7%), HSV 1-23.6% (IgG 21.1%, IgM 2%, both 0.25%) and HSV 2 – 13.2% (IgG 11.7%, IgM 1.6%, both 0.25%). The seoprevalence of syphilis by RPR was least common with 0.5%.Conclusions: This study showed that most of the infections have occurred by 20 years of age and before or during the 1st pregnancy. It is less common among the antenatal cases who have better education and have spouses servicing in private or government sectors signifying the more health and sanitation awareness among this group.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TORCH-infection"

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Бойчунь, В. О., Георгій Олексійович Сумцов, Георгий Алексеевич Сумцов та Heorhii Oleksiiovych Sumtsov. "TORCH-інфекція і вагітність". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5725.

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Бойко, Володимир Іванович, Владимир Иванович Бойко, Volodymyr Ivanovych Boiko, Інна Миколаївна Шаповалова, Инна Николаевна Шаповалова та Inna Mykolaivna Shapovalova. "Особливості перебігу вагітності у жінок з багатоводдям при внутрішньоматковому інфікуванні". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5013.

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Метою роботи було вивчення особливостей перебігу гестаційного процесу у жінок на тлі цитомегаловірусно-хламедійної інфекції при патології навколоплодового середовища. Було обстежено 50 вагітних з багатоводдям на тлі поєднаного цитомегаловірусно-хламедійного інфікування. Контрольну групу склали 50 соматично здорових жінок з нормальним об’ємом амніотичної рідини та фізіологічним перебігом вагітності. Методом ІФА визначалися специфічні антитіла у сироватці крові вагітних, IgМ та IgG до антигенів Citomegalovirus та Toxoplasma gondi. Дослідження кровоплину у маткових артеріях, артерії пуповини проводили під час УЗД. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5013
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Змієвський, О. І., О. М. Загородній та І. В. Пилипець. "Використання сучасних методів діагностики TORCH-інфекцій у новонароджених". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2003. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8680.

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Аксенчук, Р. І. "Дослідження поширеності TORCH-інфекцій серед вагітних та їх вплив на виношування вагітності". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47827.

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Поширення TORCH-інфекцій на тлі депопуляції в Україні змушує розробляти нові підходи до діагностики, лікування та реабілітації при цих захворюваннях. Залишається актуальним і питання внутрішньоутробного інфікування, невиношування вагітності та дитячої смертності. Ці проблеми виходять за рамки вузькоспеціалізованої медичної допомоги та щоразу ширше стосуються лікарів загальної практики. TORCH – комплекс, який об’єднує інфекції, що мають негативний вплив не тільки на внутрішньоутробний плід, але й на запліднення, вагітність та новонароджених дітей. Абревіатура складена з перших літер слів: T – Toxoplasmosis, O – others, R – Rubella, C – Cytomegalovirus, H – Herpes virus. Крім того, «TORCH» перекладається як смолоскип або факел, що вкладає в це поняття більший зміст і підкреслює небезпеку та тяжкі наслідки даних захворювань. До групи «інших інфекцій» вже віднесено сифіліс, гонорею, хламідіоз, уреаплазмоз, мікоплазмоз, папіломавірусну інфекцію, а також інфекції, спричинені групою В-стрептококів. Більшість перерахованих захворювань є секстрансмісивними, що пояснює необхідність обстеження та лікування статевих партнерів. Мета роботи - вивчити залежність виношування та народження здорових дітей від інфікованності TORCH-інфекціями вагітних.
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Pires, Joyce Suellen Coêlho. "Desenvolvimento de produto multiparamétrico para triagem pré-natal de anticorpos IgG contra doenças infecciosas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46137/tde-31102016-085414/.

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Infecção congênita é aquela transmitida da mãe ao feto antes do nascimento. A transmissão vertical pode ocorrer por via transplacentária ou por contato direto com o patógeno durante o parto. A fonte de infecção é o microrganismo presente no sangue da gestante durante a infecção primária ou crônica. Estima-se que as infecções perinatais representam 2% a 3% de todas anomalias congênitas e as mais comuns são representadas pela sigla TORCH, que inclui Toxoplasmose, Outras (como sífilis e varicela-zoster), Rubeóla, Citomegalovírus e Herpes. A maioria das infecções TORCH causa morbidade materna leve, assintomática, mas tem consequências fetais graves e, em geral, o tratamento da infecção materna não tem impacto sobre o resultado fetal. Por isso, o reconhecimento do contágio materno e o monitoramento fetal são de extrema importância na prevenção de doenças congênitas. O presente projeto visa o desenvolvimento de um produto multiparamétrico utilizando a tecnologia xMAP®, criada pela companhia norte-americana Luminex Corporation, para detecção simultânea de anticorpos da classe IgG anti-Toxoplasmose, anti-Rubéola e anti- Citomegalovírus em amostras de sangue coletado em papel de filtro. O produto, inédito no mercado nacional, tem o objetivo de atender à demanda específica da triagem pré-natal no país. Como objetivos específicos pode-se citar: a melhoria da eficiência dos programas de triagem pré-natal, graças à economia de tempo, amostras e reagentes; a contribuição financeira para o Brasil, uma vez que será produzido nacionalmente, gerando emprego e renda; a possibilidade de ampliar o mercado a partir do desenvolvimento futuro de novos produtos baseados na mesma metodologia. Para tanto, utilizaram-se antígenos específicos acoplados à microesferas de poliestireno e anticorpos de detecção conjugados à estreptavidina-ficoeritrina. Foram analisadas 1499 amostras de gestantes, coletadas em papel de filtro, cedidas e previamente triadas pela APAE-Goiânia, com o objetivo de comparar os resultados obtidos através da análise com o protótipo desenvolvido com aqueles já confirmados pelo laboratório utilizando a tradicional metodologia de ELISA. Os resultados de Concordância e Sensibilidade foram superiores a 78% para todos os parâmetros. Por outro lado, os valores de Especificidade foram mais baixos, principalmente para os parâmetros Rubéola e Citomegalovírus. Importante ressaltar o pequeno número de amostras com resultado negativo para Citomegalovírus e Rubéola disponível, o que refletiu diretamente no cálculo da Especificidade do produto
Congenital infections are transmitted from the mother to the fetus before birth. Vertical transmission can occur via placenta or by direct contact with the pathogen during childbirth. The source of infection is the microorganism present in the pregnant woman\'s blood during primary or chronic infection. It is estimated that perinatal infections are responsible for 2% to 3% of all congenital abnormalities and the most common are represented by the acronym TORCH, including Toxoplasmosis, Others (such as syphilis and varicella-zoster), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes. Most infections TORCH causes mild maternal morbidity, asymptomatic, but has serious fetal consequences fetal and, generally, maternal infection treatment has no impact on fetal outcome. Therefore, the recognition of maternal infection and fetal monitoring are extremely important in preventing birth defects. This project aims to develop a product using the multiplex xMAP® technology, created by US company Luminex Corporation, for simultaneous detection of IgG antibodies anti-toxoplasmosis, antirubella and anti-cytomegalovirus in blood samples collected in filter paper. The product, unprecedented in brazilian market, aims to meet the specific demand of prenatal screening in Brazil. The specific objectives are: improving the efficiency of prenatal screening programs, thanks to savings in time, samples and reagents; the financial contribution for Brazil, as it will be produced nationally, generating jobs and income; the possibility of expanding the market from the future development of new products based on the same methodology. For this purpose, were used specific antigens coupled to polystyrene beads and antibodies conjugated to streptavidin-phycoerythrin. Were analyzed 1499 samples of pregnant women, collected on filter paper, pre-screened by APAE-Goiânia, in order to compare the results obtained from the analysis with the prototype developed with those already confirmed by the laboratory using traditional ELISA methodology. The results of Concordance and Sensitivity were higher than 78% for all parameters. In contrast, the Specificity values were lower, especially for Rubella and Cytomegalovirus parameters. Importantly the small number of negative samples negative for Cytomegalovirus and Rubella provided by APAE-Goiânia, which is directly reflected in the product specificity value.
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Чемич, Микола Дмитрович, Николай Дмитриевич Чемич, Mykola Dmytrovych Chemych, М. О. Гортинський та О. О. Бражніченко. "Діагностика TORCH-інфекцій у вагітних жінок". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5111.

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Сміян, Світлана Анатоліївна, Светлана Анатольевна Смиян, Svitlana Anatoliivna Smiian та В. А. Кияненко. "Оцінка перебігу вагітності та пологів на тлі TORCH-інфікування жінки та його наслідки для новонароджених". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5061.

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Chen, Ying-Cheng, and 陳英程. "The Prevalent Studies Of TORCH Infection in Central Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00312103729715788011.

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碩士
中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
102
Infection during the pregnancy is one of the most common birth defects apart from the drug-, radiation-, pollution-, and genetic-related causes. A variety of pathogens are found capably to transmit vertically to the fetus during the pregnancy. In fact, most of pathogens are difficulty penetrate and successfully colonize onto fetus due to the barrier of placenta. However, some small viral particles and parasites are able to establish infections. For examples, the so-called “TORCH” including Rubella Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus I & II, Toxoplasma gondii are among those commonly found in pregnancy. Fetal TORCH infections usually associate with central nervous system damaged, as well as multiple-organ failures. Most severe TORCH infections occur at the early pregnancy when fetal cells developments are likely affected. Infections at a later pregnancy stage resulted in an organ developmental problem and organ failure are frequently found. Therefore, TORCH are among the important tests for pre-natal diagnosis to secure healthy babies are born. In Taiwan, there is no solid data regarding the prevalence of TORCH infection. In this study, we collected sera and investigate TORCH antibodies from 2,760 pregnant individuals between January 2011 and December 2013 in two counties in central Taiwan region. Among these results, we found 7 Toxoplasma gondii IgM(+) (0.25%), 24 Rubella Virus IgM(+) (0.87%), and 18 Cytomegalovirus IgM(+) (0.65%). Since there are roughly 210,000 newborns annually, 2 to 3 thousands infections are very likely expected based on our results. In order to prevent medical waste due to the ignorance of these infections occurred in the early pregnancy, we propose to execute sera TORCH assays for every pregnant woman.
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Books on the topic "TORCH-infection"

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Torch syndrome. IDI Publications, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "TORCH-infection"

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Biswas, Subhash, and Ram Dey. "TORCH Infection." In A Practical Guide to First Trimester of Pregnancy. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12167_19.

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Singh, Tania. "TORCH Infection in Pregnancy." In Ward Rounds in Obstetrics and Neonatology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12789_82.

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Deka, Ramesh, and Deepak Sarin. "Congenital TORCH Infection and Hearing Loss." In Congenital Intrauterine TORCH Infections. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10172_9.

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Deka, Deepika. "Management of Torch Infection in Pregnancy." In Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10661_4.

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Gupta, Indu. "TORCH Infection in the Immunocompromised Pregnant Women." In Congenital Intrauterine TORCH Infections. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10172_18.

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Singh, Sarman. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Congenital Fetal/Neonatal TORCH Infection." In Congenital Intrauterine TORCH Infections. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10172_13.

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Walvekar, Vandana, and Geetha Balsarkar. "Impact of Health Education and Counseling in Prevention of Congenital TORCH Infection." In Congenital Intrauterine TORCH Infections. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10172_20.

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Johnson, Christopher. "Pediatric Neurologic Radiology." In Ultrasound Guided Procedures and Radiologic Imaging for Pediatric Anesthesiologists, edited by Anna Clebone, Joshua H. Finkle, and Barbara K. Burian. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190081416.003.0015.

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Chapter 15 examines radiologic images for common pediatric neurologic disorders. These include head and neck disorders such as choanal atresia and congenital piriform aperture stenosis, branchial cleft cysts, thyroglossal duct cyst, fibromatosis colli, and retinoblastoma. The chapter goes on to look at spine diseases such as tethered cord, spinal dysraphism, caudal regression, pars interarticularis defect, and ventriculus terminalis. Brain abnormalities examined include germinal matrix hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, craniosynostosis, and TORCH infection. Intracranial tumors looked at include posterior fossa neoplasms and supratentorial, intraventricular, and suprasellar tumors. Other brain abnormalities include those from trauma, vascular malformations, Dandy-Walker malformation, and migration and proliferation anomalies.
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9

Yamashita, Yushiro. "Congenital Infections." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0037.

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Congenital infections are designated frequently by the term ‘‘TORCH syndrome’’ (toxoplasmosis, other infections/pathogens [i.e., syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus], rubella, cytomegalovirus [CMV], and herpes simplex). Most of the patients are asymptomatic in the neonatal period, although the neonatal neurological symptoms that do occur are quite dramatic. Infants with congenital infections are at high risk for developmental disabilities (Stagno and Britt 2006; Volpe 2000). The infection may not be apparent immediately after birth, but may manifest with signs of disease weeks, months, or years later, such as seen in chorioretinitis of Toxoplasma gondii. Because of this increased neurodevelopmental risk, these infections require comprehensive, longitudinal follow-up that should begin in the neonatal period and continue through adolescence (Willamson 1994). In this chapter, I review the pathophysiology, neurological manifestations, and imaging of congenital infections by CMV, rubella virus, and Toxoplasma gondii briefly followed by their cognitive and behavioral manifestations. Cytomegalovirus is the leading cause of congenital infection in the United States and northwestern Europe (Istas et al. 1995). Neonatal signs of intrauterine CMV infection include hepatosplenomegaly, petechial rash (usually related to thrombocytopenia), small-for-gestational-age infant, hyperbilirubinemia, microcephaly, and chorioretinitis. Ten to 15% of neonates with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection and almost all neonates with symptomatic infection develop persistent problems, most commonly neurological impairment. Cytomegalovirus can be transmitted from mother to fetus anytime during gestation through the placenta. It is most likely to cause serious harm to the fetus when the mother has a primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Primary CMV infections are reported in 1%–4% of seronegative women during pregnancy, and the risk for viral transmission to the fetus is 30%–40%. Reactivation of the infection during pregnancy is reported in 10%–30% of seropositive women, and the risk of transmitting the virus is about 1%–3% (Stagno and Britt 2006). The pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) infection by CMV in the developing fetus remains poorly understood because of the lack of autopsy cases and well-developed animal models.
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Verma, IC. "Chapter-02B Rubella Infection." In Congenital Intrauterine TORCH Infections. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11624_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "TORCH-infection"

1

Thiyagarajan, Magesh. "Portable Plasma Medical Device for Infection Treatment and Wound Healing." In ASME 2011 6th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2011-66031.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of plasma treatment on bacteria in liquid phases. We predict that the plasma gas can penetrate the liquid culture media and plasma treatment will efficiently kill the bacteria at unique time and distance parameters. It is also hypothesized that less stringent plasma treatment will negatively affect the growth rate of some species of bacteria and possibly their pathogenicity. The bacteria were exposed to hot and cold plasma at various time lengths and distance parameters. Our results indicated that 2 minutes of hot plasma treatment with the plasma torch 5 cm away from the liquid culture is effective in killing/sterilizing cultures of S. aureus, S. pyogenes, Salmonella spp, N. meningitidis, and E. coli. Five minutes of cold plasma with the probe immersed 1–2 cm inside the liquid culture were needed to kill the bacteria. The portable nonthermal plasma system can be used for infection treatment and wound healing applications affected by the microbes studied in this research [1–4].
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