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Journal articles on the topic 'Torreya taxifolia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Nimsch, Hubertus, and Veit Martin Dörken. "Zur Morphologie, Verbreitung, Ökologie und Gefährdung der Gattung Torreya (Nusseibe)." Der Palmengarten 82, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/palmengarten.481.

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Die Gattung Torreya (Nusseibe, Taxaceae) umfasst sechs Arten. Diese sind selten bis stark bedroht. In wintermilden Gebieten Deutschlands sind sie winterhart. Bis auf Torreya nucifera und T. californica werden sie in Deutschland aber nur selten kultiviert. Biologie, Ökologie und Morphologie von Torreya californica, T. fargesii, T. grandis, T. jackii, T. nucifera und T. taxifolia werdenvorgestellt. Zudem werden Kulturerfahrungen mit diesen Arten im Arboretum Freiburg-Günterstal genannt.

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2

Dreaden, Tyler J., Tania Quesada, and Jason A. Smith. "Detection method for Fusarium torreyae the canker pathogen of the critically endangered Florida torreya, Torreya taxifolia." Forest Pathology 50, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): e12597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/efp.12597.

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3

Schwartz, Mark W., Sharon M. Hermann, and Philip J. van Mantgem. "Estimating the magnitude of decline of the Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia Arn.)." Biological Conservation 95, no. 1 (August 2000): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(00)00008-2.

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4

Schwartz, Mark W., and Sharon M. Hermann. "The Continuing Population Decline of Torreya taxifolia Arn." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 120, no. 3 (July 1993): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2996992.

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5

Smith, Jason A., Kerry O'Donnell, Lacey L. Mount, Keumchul Shin, Kelly Peacock, Aaron Trulock, Tova Spector, Jenny Cruse-Sanders, and Ron Determann. "A Novel Fusarium Species Causes a Canker Disease of the Critically Endangered Conifer, Torreya taxifolia." Plant Disease 95, no. 6 (June 2011): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-10-0703.

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A canker disease of Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia) has been implicated in the decline of this critically endangered species in its native range of northern Florida and southeastern Georgia. In surveys of eight Florida torreya sites, cankers were present on all dead trees and 71 to 100% of living trees, suggesting that a fungal pathogen might be the causal agent. To identify the causal agent, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS rDNA) sequences were determined for 115 fungi isolated from cankers on 46 symptomatic trees sampled at three sites in northern Florida. BLASTn searches of the GenBank nucleotide database, using the ITS rDNA sequences as the query, indicated that a novel Fusarium species designated Fsp-1 might be the etiological agent. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) gene sequences indicate that Fsp-1 represents a novel species representing one of the earliest divergences within the Gibberella clade of Fusarium. Results of pathogenicity experiments established that the four isolates of Fsp-1 tested could induce canker symptoms on cultivated Florida torreya in a growth chamber. Koch's postulates were completed by the recovery and identification of Fsp-1 from cankers of the inoculated plants.

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6

Schwartz, Mark W., and Sharon M. Hermann. "Is Slow Growth of the Endangered Torreya taxifolia (Arn.) Normal?" Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 126, no. 4 (October 1999): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997314.

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7

Schwartz, Mark W., Sharon M. Hermann, and Christoph S. Vogel. "The Catastrophic Loss of Torreya Taxifolia: Assessing Environmental Induction of Disease Hypotheses." Ecological Applications 5, no. 2 (May 1995): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1942039.

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8

Aoki, Takayuki, Jason A. Smith, Lacey L. Mount, David M. Geiser, and Kerry O’Donnell. "Fusarium torreyae sp. nov., a pathogen causing canker disease of Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia), a critically endangered conifer restricted to northern Florida and southwestern Georgia." Mycologia 105, no. 2 (March 2013): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/12-262.

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9

Groves, M., and R. Determann. "UPDATE ON THE RECOVERY OF TORREYA TAXIFOLIA AT THE ATLANTA BOTANICAL GARDEN, GEORGIA, USA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 615 (September 2003): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.615.49.

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10

Kumarihamy, Mallika, Luiz H. Rosa, Natascha Techen, Daneel Ferreira, Edward M. Croom, Stephen O. Duke, Babu L. Tekwani, Shabana Khan, and N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara. "Antimalarials and Phytotoxins from Botryosphaeria dothidea Identified from a Seed of Diseased Torreya taxifolia." Molecules 26, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010059.

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The metabolic pathways in the apicoplast organelle of Plasmodium parasites are similar to those in plastids in plant cells and are suitable targets for malaria drug discovery. Some phytotoxins released by plant pathogenic fungi have been known to target metabolic pathways of the plastid; thus, they may also serve as potential antimalarial drug leads. An EtOAc extract of the broth of the endophyte Botryosphaeria dothidea isolated from a seed collected from a Torreya taxifolia plant with disease symptoms, showed in vitro antimalarial and phytotoxic activities. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the extract afforded a mixture of two known isomeric phytotoxins, FRT-A and flavipucine (or their enantiomers, sapinopyridione and (-)-flavipucine), and two new unstable γ-lactam alkaloids dothilactaenes A and B. The isomeric mixture of phytotoxins displayed strong phytotoxicity against both a dicot and a monocot and moderate cytotoxicity against a panel of cell lines. Dothilactaene A showed no activity. Dothilactaene B was isolated from the active fraction, which showed moderate in vitro antiplasmodial activity with high selectivity index. In spite of this activity, its instability and various other biological activities shown by related compounds would preclude it from being a viable antimalarial lead.

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11

Ma, X., K. Bucalo, R. O. Determann, J. M. Cruse-Sanders, and G. S. Pullman. "Somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration, and cryopreservation for Torreya taxifolia, a highly endangered coniferous species." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 48, no. 3 (May 2, 2012): 324–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11627-012-9433-4.

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12

Koehn, Anita C., and Robert L. Doudrick. "Diurnal Patterns of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and CO 2 Fixation in Orchard Grown Torreya taxifolia (Arn.)." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 126, no. 2 (April 1999): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997284.

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13

Kumarihamy, Mallika, Daneel Ferreira, Edward Croom, Rajnish Sahu, Babu Tekwani, Stephen Duke, Shabana Khan, Natascha Techen, and N. Nanayakkara. "Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Cytochalasins from an Endophytic Fungus, Nemania sp. UM10M, Isolated from a Diseased Torreya taxifolia Leaf." Molecules 24, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040777.

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Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the broth of the endophytic fungus Nemania sp. UM10M (Xylariaceae) isolated from a diseased Torreya taxifolia leaf afforded three known cytochalasins, 19,20-epoxycytochalasins C (1) and D (2), and 18-deoxy-19,20-epoxy-cytochalasin C (3). All three compounds showed potent in vitro antiplasmodial activity and phytotoxicity with no cytotoxicity to Vero cells. These compounds exhibited moderate to weak cytotoxicity to some of the cell lines of a panel of solid tumor (SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3) and kidney epithelial cells (LLC-PK11). Evaluation of in vivo antimalarial activity of 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C (1) in a mouse model at 100 mg/kg dose showed that this compound had weak suppressive antiplasmodial activity and was toxic to animals.

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14

Beardmore, Tannis, and Richard Winder. "Review of science-based assessments of species vulnerability: Contributions to decision-making for assisted migration." Forestry Chronicle 87, no. 06 (December 2011): 745–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2011-091.

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Assessing climate change impacts on forest species can significantly assist forest management planning. Recently, many tools have been developed for assessing species-specific vulnerability to climate change. These tools are question-based assessments that consider multiple criteria for individual species; the criteria are related to exposure and sensitivity to climate change. The following tools are discussed in relation to their use in Canada: (1) the NatureServe Climate Change Vulnerability Index; (2) the System for Assessing Vulnerability of Species to Climate Change (SAVS); (3) the Forest Tree Genetic Risk Assessment; (4) the Index for Predicting Tree Species Vulnerability; (5) ecological standards developed for the assisted migration of Torreya taxifolia; and (6) the Seeds of Success Program. These tools can all be applied to different forest species and they vary in such areas as their species-specific evaluation criteria, means for addressing uncertainty, and the integration of climate change models.

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15

Mola, John M., J. Morgan Varner, Erik S. Jules, and Tova Spector. "Altered Community Flammability in Florida’s Apalachicola Ravines and Implications for the Persistence of the Endangered Conifer Torreya taxifolia." PLoS ONE 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): e103933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103933.

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16

Rivera Vargas, Lydia I., and Vivian Negron-Ortiz. "Root and Soil-borne Oomycetes (Heterokontophyta) and Fungi Associated with the Endangered Conifer, Torreya taxifolia Arn. (Taxaceae) in Georgia and Florida, USA." Life: The Excitement of Biology 1, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 202–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9784/leb1(4)riveravargas.03.

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17

Jeon, Y. H., and W. Cheon. "First Report of Leaf Blight of Japanese Yew Caused by Pestalotiopsis microspora in Korea." Plant Disease 98, no. 5 (May 2014): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-13-0821-pdn.

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Worldwide, Japanese yew (Taxus cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc.) is a popular garden tree, with large trees also being used for timber. In July 2012, leaf blight was observed on 10% of Japanese yew seedling leaves planted in a 500-m2 field in Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, South Korea. Typical symptoms included small, brown lesions that were first visible on the leaf margin, which enlarged and coalesced into the leaf becoming brown and blighted. To isolate potential pathogens from infected leaves, small sections of leaf tissue (5 to 10 mm2) were excised from lesion margins. Eight fungi were isolated from eight symptomatic trees, respectively. These fungi were hyphal tipped twice and transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates for incubation at 25°C. After 7 days, the fungi produced circular mats of white aerial mycelia. After 12 days, black acervuli containing slimy spore masses formed over the mycelial mats. Two representative isolates were further characterized. Their conidia were straight or slightly curved, fusiform to clavate, five-celled with constrictions at the septa, and 17.4 to 28.5 × 5.8 to 7.1 μm. Two to four 19.8- to 30.7-μm-long hyaline filamentous appendages (mostly three appendages) were attached to each apical cell, whereas one 3.7- to 7.1-μm-long hyaline appendage was attached to each basal cell, matching the description for Pestalotiopsis microspora (2). The pathogenicity of the two isolates was tested using 2-year-old plants (T. cuspidata var. nana Rehder; three plants per isolate) in 30-cm-diameter pots filled with soil under greenhouse conditions. The plants were inoculated by spraying the leaves with an atomizer with a conidial suspension (105 conidia/ml; ~50 ml on each plant) cultured for 10 days on PDA. As a control, three plants were inoculated with sterilized water. The plants were covered with plastic bags for 72 h to maintain high relative humidity (24 to 28°C). At 20 days after inoculation, small dark lesions enlarged into brown blight similar to that observed on naturally infected leaves. P. microspora was isolated from all inoculated plants, but not the controls. The fungus was confirmed by molecular analysis of the 5.8S subunit and flanking internal transcribed spaces (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA amplified from DNA extracted from single-spore cultures, and amplified with the ITS1/ITS4 primers and sequenced as previously described (4). Sequences were compared with other DNA sequences in GenBank using a BLASTN search. The P. microspora isolates were 99% homologous to other P. microspora (DQ456865, EU279435, FJ459951, and FJ459950). The morphological characteristics, pathogenicity, and molecular data assimilated in this study corresponded with the fungus P. microspora (2). This fungus has been previously reported as the causal agent of scab disease of Psidium guajava in Hawaii, the decline of Torreya taxifolia in Florida, and the leaf blight of Reineckea carnea in China (1,3). Therefore, this study presents the first report of P. microspora as a pathogen on T. cuspidata in Korea. The degree of pathogenicity of P. microspora to the Korean garden evergreen T. cuspidata requires quantification to determine its potential economic damage and to establish effective management practices. References: (1) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman, Fungal Databases, Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab. Retrieved from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ (2) L. M. Keith et al. Plant Dis. 90:16, 2006. (3) S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura. Fungal Diversity 50:167, 2011. (4) T. J. White et al. PCR Protocols. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.

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18

Wu, M. D., G. Q. Li, and D. H. Jiang. "First Report of Pestalotiopsis microspora Causing Leaf Blight of Reineckea carnea in Central China." Plant Disease 93, no. 6 (June 2009): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-6-0667a.

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Pink reineckia (Reineckea carnea (Andrews) Kunth) is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant widely grown as groundcover or for medical purposes in southern China. In 2006 and 2007, severe leaf blight was observed on pink reineckia in Wuhan, China. On newly formed pink reineckia leaves, symptoms were first noted in early May as grayish to dark brown, oval or irregular-shaped lesions, 1.5 to 0.2 × 0.5 to 0.1 cm (n = 50), on the leaf margin or leaf tip. A yellowish halo surrounded each lesion. Lesions enlarged and coalesced and diseased leaves became blighted during the fall and winter. In severely infected plots, most plants became straw-colored and had to be replaced with healthy seedlings. A fungus was isolated from surface-disinfested lesions on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at a frequency of 85.7%. One of 30 isolates, designated C2, was characterized further. The fungus growing on PDA at 20°C for 14 days formed zonate white colonies and black acervular conidiomata. Conidia of the fungus aggregated on acervuli as droplets. Conidia were fusiform and 20.7 to 32.2 × 5.8 to 9.8 μm (n = 50). Each conidium had one hyaline apical cell, one hyaline basal cell, and three dark brown median cells. There were two to four hyaline filamentous appendages 8.1 to 20.4 μm long attached to each apical cell and one hyaline appendage 2.4 to 7.1 μm long attached to each basal cell. The cultural and morphological characteristics of isolate C2 matched the description for Pestalotiopsis microspora (Speg.) Batista & Peres (1,2). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) was PCR-amplified and sequenced. The ITS sequence (606 bp) for isolate C2 (GenBank Accession No. EU935587) was 100% similar to P. microspora isolates TA-57 (GenBank Accession No. AY924267) and LK32 (GenBank Accession No. DQ001002). Pathogenicity of isolate C2 was tested with the method described by Keith et al. (2). Four detached leaves were wound inoculated or inoculated without wounding with mycelia on agar plugs (4 mm in diameter; three plugs per leaf) or conidial suspensions (107 conidia per ml; 20 μl on each of three sites per leaf). Control leaves were wound inoculated with PDA or sterile water. All inoculated leaves were maintained in a moist enamel tray under fluorescent light for 7 days at 20°C. The test was performed twice. After 4 days of incubation, necrotic leaf lesions resembling symptoms that occurred in the field were observed on the wound-inoculated leaves, whereas the control leaves and C2-inoculated leaves without wounding remained healthy. Therefore, wounding was necessary for symptom development (2). A fungus was reisolated from the C2-induced leaf lesions and the morphology of colonies and conidia were identical to that for isolate C2 of P. microspora. On the basis of the results of isolations, inoculations, and fungal identification, P. microspora was determined to be the causal agent for leaf blight of pink reineckia occurring in Wuhan, China. This fungus previously has been reported as the causal agent of scab disease of Psidium guajava in Hawaii (2), decline of Torreya taxifolia in Florida (3), and leaf blight of Lindera obtusiloba in Korea (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of P. microspora on R. carnea. References: (1) Y. H. Jeon et al. Plant Pathol. 56:349, 2007. (2) L. M. Keith et al. Plant Dis. 90:16, 2006. (3) M. W. Schwartz et al. Plant Dis. 80:600, 1996.

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19

Kumarihamy, M., S. Khan, D. Ferreira, E. Croom Jr, S. Duke, and D. Nanayakkara. "Antimalarials from an unidentified plant pathogenic fungus isolated from Torreya taxifolia." Planta Medica 78, no. 11 (July 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1320775.

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20

Kumarihamy, M., SI Khan, D. Ferreira, EM Croom Jr, SO Duke, and NPD Nanayakkara. "Antimalarials from an Unidentified Plant Pathogenic Fungus Isolated from Torreya taxifolia." Planta Medica 78, no. 05 (March 7, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1307540.

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