Journal articles: 'Torsion modes'

1

Men, Jin Jie, Qing Xuan Shi, and Qiu Wei Wang. "Unity Equation of Torsional Capacity for RC Members Subjected to Axial Compression, Bend, Shear and Torque." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 874–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.874.

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The mechanics performance of reinforced concrete members subjected to axial compression, bending, shear and torque is very complex. Several calculation models have been established to estimate the torsional capacity of combined torsion members; however, the calculation results of different models have a great variation. In this paper, variable-angle space truss model is adopted to analyze the mechanics performance of reinforced concrete members subjected to combined torsion. With respect to various shapes of specimens, various load modes, and various strength of concrete, a unity equation about torsional capacity of combined torsional member is obtained. Based on the unity equation, the torsional capacity of 59 combined torsional specimens is calculated. In contrast with the equation of ACI and the code of China, the torsional capacity calculated by the unity equation agrees well with the results of experiment and much better than the results of ACI code and China code. It is concluded that the unity equation can provide valuable reference for calculation and design of combined torsion members.

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Jeong, Byeong-Woo. "Transitional Failure of Carbon Nanotube Systems under a Combination of Tension and Torsion." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/847307.

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Transitional failure envelopes of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes under combined tension-torsion are predicted using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observations reveal that while the tensile failure load decreases with combined torsion, the torsional buckling moment increases with combined tension. As a result, the failure envelopes under combined tension-torsion are definitely different from those under pure tension or torsion. In such combined loading, there is a multitude of failure modes (tensile failure and torsional buckling), and the failure consequently exhibits the feature of transitional failure envelopes. In addition, the safe region of double-walled carbon nanotubes is significantly larger than that of single-walled carbon nanotubes due to the differences in the onset of torsional buckling.

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Senent, María Luisa, and Samira Dalbouha. "Large Amplitude Motions of Pyruvic Acid (CH3-CO-COOH)." Molecules 26, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 4269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144269.

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Torsional and rotational spectroscopic properties of pyruvic acid are determined using highly correlated ab initio methods and combining two different theoretical approaches: Second order perturbation theory and a variational procedure in three-dimensions. Four equilibrium geometries of pyruvic acid, Tc, Tt, Ct, and CC, outcome from a search with CCSD(T)-F12. All of them can be classified in the Cs point group. The variational calculations are performed considering the three internal rotation modes responsible for the non-rigidity as independent coordinates. More than 50 torsional energy levels (including torsional subcomponents) are localized in the 406–986 cm−1 region and represent excitations of the ν24 (skeletal torsion) and the ν23 (methyl torsion) modes. The third independent variable, the OH torsion, interacts strongly with ν23. The A1/E splitting of the ground vibrational state has been evaluated to be 0.024 cm−1 as it was expected given the high of the methyl torsional barrier (338 cm−1). A very good agreement with respect to previous experimental data concerning fundamental frequencies (νCAL − νEXP ~ 1 cm−1), and rotational parameters (B0CAL − B0EXP < 5 MHz), is obtained.

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Fan, Xiang-Dong, Qi Liu, Lin-Xia Liu, Vadim Milyukov, and Jun Luo. "Coupled modes of the torsion pendulum." Physics Letters A 372, no. 5 (January 2008): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2007.08.020.

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Wang, Mei, Guo Ding Chen, and Yong Xiao. "Lightweight Analysis of Torsion Spring Based on Reliability Constraint in Multi-Failure Modes." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 494–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.494.

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The generalized stress and strength distribution interference theory is introduced to establish the reliability model of torsion spring in multi-failure modes. Using it as constraint condition, the lightweight optimization model of torsion spring based on reliability constraint in multi-failure modes is presented. And then an optimization design for a given structure of torsion spring is made to use the theoretical model under operating conditions and the reliability constraint. The weight of the opti-mized torsion spring is lighter than that of non-optimization. This verified the validity of the opti-mization method. The optimization method may contribution to design of aerospace equipments which demand strictly in weight.

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Cusumano, J. P., and D. C. Lin. "Bifurcation and Modal Interaction in a Simplified Model of Bending-Torsion Vibrations of the Thin Elastica." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2873864.

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This paper presents a numerical study of bifurcation and modal interaction in a system of partial differential equations first proposed as a simplified model for bending-torsion vibrations of a thin elastic beam. A system of seven ordinary differential equations obtained using the first six bending and first torsional normal modes is studied, and Floquet theory is used to locate regions in the forcing frequency, forcing amplitude parameter plane where “planar” (i.e., zero torsion) motions are unstable. Numerical branch following and symmetry considerations show that the initial instability arises from a subcritical pitchfork bifurcation. The subsequent nonplanar chaotic attractor is part of a branch of 2-frequency quasiperiodic orbits which undergoes torus-doubling bifurcations. A new statistical technique which identifies interacting modes and the average stability properties of the associated subspaces is presented. The technique employs the Lyapunov vectors used in the calculation of the Lyapunov exponents. We show how this method can be used to split the modes into active and passive sets: active modes interact to contain the attractor, whereas passive modes behave like isolated driven oscillators. In particular, large amplitude modes may simply serve as conduits through which energy is supplied to the active modes.

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Krott, Matthew J., Edward C. Smith, and Christopher D. Rahn. "Coupled and Multimode Tailboom Vibration Control Using Fluidic Flexible Matrix Composite Tubes." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 64, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.64.042007.

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This paper covers the modeling and testing of a helicopter tailboom integrated with a fluidic flexible matrix composite (F2MC) damped vibration absorber. In an advance over previous work, the F2MC absorber presented in this paper treats a combination of tailboom lateral, torsional, and vertical vibrations. A finite element structural model of a laboratory-scale tailboom is combined with a model of attached F2MC tubes and a tuned fluidic circuit. Vibration reductions of over 75% in a coupled 26.8-Hz lateral bending/torsion tailboom mode are predicted by the model and measured experimentally. These results demonstrate that F2MC vibration control is viable at higher frequencies and for more complex vibration modes than previous research had explored. A new absorber with a fluidic circuit that targets two tailboom vibration modes is designed and experimentally tested. On the lab-scale tailboom testbed, the absorber with this circuit is shown to provide vibration reductions of over 60% in both a 12.2-Hz vertical mode and a 26.8-Hz lateral bending/torsion mode. Using this new absorber, vertical and lateral/torsion mode damping are achieved with almost no added weight relative to a purely vertical absorber.

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Jrad, Wassim, Foudil Mohri, Guillaume Robin, El Mostafa Daya, and Jihad Al-Hajjar. "Analytical and finite element solutions of free and forced vibration of unrestrained and braced thin-walled beams." Journal of Vibration and Control 26, no. 5-6 (November 13, 2019): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319878901.

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In this article, vibration of thin-walled beams with arbitrary open cross-section shape is investigated. Based on the beam element model accounting for warping and flexural–torsional coupling, analytical solutions for different boundary conditions are derived for higher free vibration modes in bending, torsion and flexural–torsional coupled modes. In the model, the effects of rotational inertial kinematic terms are considered. The finite element approach of the model is also investigated. Three-dimensional beams with seven degrees of freedom per node are adopted in the mesh process. Free vibration and forced vibration analyses are possible. In forced vibration, the behaviour of the beams is studied in the frequency domain using the steady-state method (modal analysis). Damping is considered using the Rayleigh model. The model is validated by comparing the results to benchmark solutions found in the literature and to other recent numerical and experimental results. Additional finite element simulations are performed by means of commercial softwares (Abaqus and Adina). In slender unrestrained beams, the vibration behaviour is predominated by torsion and lateral bending modes. In design, recourse to braces is a good compromise. This solution is discussed, and improvement of the vibration behaviour in the presence of intermediate braces is confirmed. Application of higher vibration modes in building and bridge design is outlined. The effects of the number and distribution of the intermediate braces to improve structural stability against vibration behaviour is outlined.

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SETKIT, Monthian, Thanongsak IMJAI, Udomvit CHAISAKULKIET, Reyes GARCIA, Komsan DANGYEM, Katipoj SANUPONG, and Weerasit CHAMNANKIT. "Torsional Strengthening of Low-Strength RC Beams with Post-Tensioned Metal Straps: An Experimental Investigation." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.11908.

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This article investigates the behaviour of low-strength reinforced concrete beams under pure torsion with and without strengthening. Four beams were cast and tested in torsion: i) a control beam without vertical reinforcement, ii) two beams with internal stirrups designed for shear and torsion demands using different stirrup spacing (50 and 100 mm), and iii) a beam having steel stirrups with a spacing of 100 mm strengthened using high ductile post-tensioned metal straps (PTMS). The main objective of the PTMS strengthening solution was to investigate the enhancement of torsional strength confined along the beam. The failure modes, torsional capacities, rotation, and strengthening performance in torsion are discussed in in this study. The experimental results indicate that the PTMS improved the cracking torque capacity by up to 15 % compared to the control beam. Moreover, the PTMS also increased the ultimate torque by up to 19 % compared to the unstrengthened beam. Current code equations to predict the torsional capacity of RC beams are also compared with the experimental results. It is found that the predictions obtained by current ACI equation gives a good agreement and yield in general conservative values compared to the experimental ones.

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A. Rosly, N., M. Y. Harmin, and D. L. A. A. Majid. "Preliminary investigation on experimental modal analysis of high aspect ratio rectangular wing model." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.13 (October 9, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.13.21348.

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Procedure of conducting an experimental modal analysis (EMA) of roving hammer test for high aspect ratio (HAR) wing containing geometric nonlinearities is presented along with consideration of various tip store sizes. Two sets of test setups of vertical and horizontal arrangements have been considered, which respectively demonstrates the undeformed and deformed cases. Modal properties in terms of natural frequency and mode shape were experimentally measured using the LMS Test.Lab package and the results were then compared between the undeformed and its corresponding deformed configuration. From the finding, it confirms that the chordwise and torsional modes of the undeformed configurations has respectively turned into chordwise-torsion and torsion-chordwise modes as they are in deformed configuration. Meanwhile, the impact related to bending modes is insignificant. Hence, this may result in inaccurate prediction if conventional aeroelastic solution is employed for HAR wing configuration.

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Wanke, Gesine, Leonardo Bergami, and David Robert Verelst. "Differences in damping of edgewise whirl modes operating an upwind turbine in a downwind configuration." Wind Energy Science 5, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): 929–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-929-2020.

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Abstract. The qualitative changes in damping of the first edgewise modes when an upwind wind turbine is converted into the respective downwind configuration are investigated. A model of a Suzlon S111 2.1 MW turbine is used to show that the interaction of tower torsion and the rotor modes is the main reason for the change in edgewise damping. For the forward whirl mode, a maximum decrease in edgewise damping of 39 % is observed and for the backward whirl mode, a maximum increase of 18 % in edgewise damping is observed when the upwind configuration is changed into the downwind configuration. The shaft length is shown to be influencing the interaction between tower torsion and rotor modes as out-of-plane displacements can be increased or decreased with increasing shaft length due to the phase difference between rotor and tower motion. Modifying the tower torsional stiffness is seen to give the opportunity in the downwind configuration to account for both a favorable placement of the edgewise frequency relative to the second yaw frequency and a favorable phasing in the mode shapes.

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12

Zhang, Yan Ling, Wei Ge, and De Ying Zhang. "Experimental Research on Bending-Torsion Characteristics of Steel-Concrete Composite Box Beams." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.785.

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Due to the axial curvature and the eccentric vehicle loads, bending-torsion couple effects will be generated in the curved steel-concrete composite box beam bridges. To study the bending-torsion couple characteristics, six steel-concrete composite box model beams are tested under the bending-torsion couple loads, with the initial torsion-bending ratios and shear connection degrees as the design parameters. The ultimate bearing capacity, section strain, and interfacial slip of the steel-concrete composite box beams are measured. The test results show that, the fully connected composite beams mainly express bending or bending-torsion failure modes, but the partially connected composite beams are mainly sliding failure modes. The existence of the torque doesn’t have great influence on the ultimate bearing capacity and bending moment of the composite box beams. Under the bending-torsion couple loads, there are not only the longitudinal slip between the steel girder and concrete slab of the composite box beam, but also the transverse slip perpendicular to the beam axis.

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13

Moreira, A. R. P., J. E. G. Silva, D. F. S. Veras, and C. A. S. Almeida. "Thick string-like braneworlds in f(T) gravity." International Journal of Modern Physics D 30, no. 07 (April 6, 2021): 2150047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271821500474.

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We propose a codimension two warped braneworld model within the teleparallel [Formula: see text] gravity. Asymptotically, the bulk geometry converges to an [Formula: see text] spacetime whose cosmological constant is produced by the torsion parameters. Furthermore, the torsion induces an AdS-dS transition on the exterior region. As the torsion parameters vary, the brane undergoes a phase transition from a thick string-like brane into ring-like structures. The bulk-brane Planck mass ration is modified by the torsion. The analysis of the stress–energy condition reveals a splitting brane process satisfying the weak and strong–energy conditions for some values of the parameters. In addition, we investigate the behavior of the gravitational perturbations in this scenario. It turns out that the gravitational spectrum has a linear behavior for small masses and is independent of the torsion parameters for large masses. In the bulk, the torsion keeps a gapless nonlocalizable and stable tower of massive modes. Inside the brane core, the torsion produces new barriers and potential wells leading to small amplitude massive modes and a massless mode localized around the ring structures.

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14

Stoykov, S., and S. Margenov. "Nonlinear Vibrations of 3D Laminated Composite Beams." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/892782.

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A model for 3D laminated composite beams, that is, beams that can vibrate in space and experience longitudinal and torsional deformations, is derived. The model is based on Timoshenko’s theory for bending and assumes that, under torsion, the cross section rotates as a rigid body but can deform longitudinally due to warping. The warping function, which is essential for correct torsional deformations, is computed preliminarily by the finite element method. Geometrical nonlinearity is taken into account by considering Green’s strain tensor. The equation of motion is derived by the principle of virtual work and discretized by thep-version finite element method. The laminates are assumed to be of orthotropic materials. The influence of the angle of orientation of the laminates on the natural frequencies and on the nonlinear modes of vibration is presented. It is shown that, due to asymmetric laminates, there exist bending-longitudinal and bending-torsional coupling in linear analysis. Dynamic responses in time domain are presented and couplings between transverse displacements and torsion are investigated.

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Kowal, Dominik, Gabriela Statkiewicz-Barabach, Marta Bernas, Maciej Napiorkowski, Mariusz Makara, Lidia Czyzewska, Pawel Mergo, and Waclaw Urbanczyk. "Polarimetric Sensitivity to Torsion in Spun Highly Birefringent Fibers." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 5, 2019): 1639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071639.

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We report on experimental studies of polarimetric sensitivity to torsion in spun highly birefringent fibers. Two classes of spun fibers were examined, namely spun side-hole fibers and birefringent microstructured fibers with different birefringence dispersion, spin pitches, and spin directions. The polarimetric sensitivity to torsion was determined by monitoring a displacement of the spectral interference fringes arising in the output signal because of interference of polarization modes and induced by an additional fiber twist. Both the experimental results and the analytical predictions showed that the sensitivity to torsion normalized to the fringe width in the spun highly birefringent fibers increased asymptotically with the twist rate to the value of 1/ π rad−1. We have also studied the polarimetric response to temperature in the spun side-hole fibers. We have found that, in contrast to the torsional sensitivity, the temperature sensitivity decays asymptotically to zero with increasing fiber twist rate. Therefore, the spun fibers with short spin pitches are especially well suited for torsion measurements because the torsional sensitivity and the range of linear response are both enhanced in such fibers, while at the same time, the cross-sensitivity to temperature is reduced.

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Nikiforova, Vasilisa. "Stability of self-accelerating Universe in modified gravity with dynamical torsion: The case of small background torsion." International Journal of Modern Physics A 33, no. 07 (March 8, 2018): 1850039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x18500392.

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We consider the model of modified gravity with dynamical torsion. This model was found to have promising stability properties about various backgrounds. The model admits a self-accelerating solution. We have shown previously that if the parameters are adjusted in such a way that the torsion is much greater than the effective cosmological constant, the self-accelerating solution is unstable: there are exponentially growing modes. Here, we study the scalar perturbations in the case when the torsion is of the order of the effective cosmological constant. We find that there are no exponential instabilities.

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Liu, Zhong Ming, Kai Liu, and Xiao Qin Hou. "Analysis on Torsional Vibration of Low-Speed Diesel." Advanced Materials Research 562-564 (August 2012): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.562-564.528.

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In order to analysis the torsional vibration of crankshaft train in various assembly conditions, a 5S60 diesel model is presented based on AVL-EXCITE. A torsional vibration model is established by using the lumped mass method. And the deformation of main bearing is calculated under the bolt preload and outbreak of combustion. In addition to rated conditions, a state of one cylinder out of service is considered in this project. According to the calculation of the critical speed, torsion modes, angular displacement, shear stress in crankpin and minimum oil film thickness, the torsional vibration characteristics are analyzed. The study revealed that this system performs in good condition and the resonance is not obvious.

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Jalan, S. K., B. Nageswara Rao, and S. Gopalakrishnan. "Vibrational Characteristics of Zigzag, Armchair and Chiral Cantilever Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes." Advanced Composites Letters 22, no. 6 (November 2013): 096369351302200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369351302200602.

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Finite element analysis has been performed to study vibrational characteristics of cantilever single walled carbon nanotubes. Finite element models are generated by specifying the C-C bond rigidities, which are estimated by equating energies from molecular mechanics and continuum mechanics. Bending, torsion, and axial modes are identified based on effective mass for armchair, zigzag and chiral cantilever single walled carbon nanotubes, whose Young's modulus is evaluated from the bending frequency. Empirical relations are provided for frequencies of bending, torsion, and axial modes.

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19

Chiu, Yi-Jui, and Shyh-Chin Huang. "The Influence of a Mistuned Blade’s Staggle Angle on the Vibration and Stability of a Shaft-Disk-Blade Assembly." Shock and Vibration 15, no. 1 (2008): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/714346.

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The influence on coupling vibrations and stability among shaft-torsion, disk-transverse and blade-bending of a rotor system with a mistuned blade's staggle angle was investigated analytically. A shaft-disk-blade system has been found existing two types of coupling vibrations, disk-blade (DB), and blade-blade (BB) modes when the shaft was assumed rigid. If the shaft's torsional flexibility was taken into account, an additional type of coupling modes, shaft-disk-blade (SDB), appeared. When an angle-mistuned blade existed, the blades periodicity was destroyed and it was found to change not only the natural frequencies but also the types of modes. Due to blade's mistune, the shaft torsion had to participate to balance such that DB modes vanished and replaced by SDB modes. A mistuned staggle angle was numerically found to alter the natural frequencies in an almost linear trend. At last, the rotational effects were found to merge frequency loci and eventually reached an instability point. Very interestingly, a mistuned blade diminished the possible instability caused by blade-dominating modes, which existed in a perfect and periodic rotor. In words, the rotor might benefit from a mistuned blade from the stability viewpoint. The shaft-dominating mode, yet, was unaffected by the mistune and retained a possible instability.

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Gupta, Prakhar, and Ajeet Kumar. "Phonons in chiral nanorods and nanotubes: A Cosserat-rod-based continuum approach." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 24, no. 12 (June 30, 2019): 3897–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519856407.

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A Cosserat-rod-based continuum approach is presented to obtain phonon dispersion curves of flexural, torsional, longitudinal, shearing, and radial breathing modes in chiral nanorods and nanotubes. Upon substituting the continuum wave form in the linearized dynamic equations of stretched and twisted Cosserat rods, we obtain an analytical expression of a coefficient matrix (in terms of the rod’s stiffnesses, induced axial force, and twisting moment) whose eigenvalues and eigenvectors give us frequencies and mode shapes, respectively, for each of the above phonon modes. We show that, unlike the case of achiral tubes, these phonon modes are intricately coupled in chiral tubes owing to extension–torsion–inflation and bending–shear couplings inherent in them. This coupling renders the conventional approach of obtaining stiffnesses from the long wavelength limit slope of dispersion curves redundant. However, upon substituting the frequencies and mode shapes (obtained independently from phonon dispersion molecular data) in the eigenvalue–eigenvector equation of the above-mentioned coefficient matrix, we are able to obtain all the stiffnesses (bending, twisting, stretching, shearing, and all coupling stiffnesses corresponding to extension–torsion, extension–inflation, torsion–inflation, and bending–shear couplings) of chiral nanotubes. Finally, we show unusual effects of the single-walled carbon nanotube’s chirality as well as stretching and twisting of the nanotube on its phonon dispersion curves obtained from the molecular approach. These unusual effects are accurately reproduced in our continuum formulation.

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Inacio, Octavio, Jose Antunes, and Luis Henrique. "Significance of torsion modes in bowed‐string dynamics." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 112, no. 5 (November 2002): 2211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4778712.

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Smith, Jonathan M., and J. L. Knee. "Threshold Ionization Spectroscopy of the Low Frequency Vibrational Modes of Styrene and Trans-Stilbene Cations." Laser Chemistry 14, no. 1-3 (January 1, 1994): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/26207.

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High resolution photoelectron spectra are reported for styrene and stilbene with an emphasis on identifying the low frequency modes which are important in the phenyl–vinyl torsional motion. In the styrene cation three low frequency out-of-plane vibrations are measured, ν42, ν41 and ν40 as well as a number of higher frequency in plane modes. Generally the low frequency modes do not appear with significant intensity but by pumping the appropriate modes in the S1 intermediate state the intensity for these modes in the threshold ionization spectrum is quite good. In the stilbene cation the analogous phenyl–vinyl torsion, ν37, is also measured as well as the related mode ν36. The ethylene torsional mode in stilbene is not observed. In both molecules the observed frequencies are used to relate the electronic structure of the cation to the S1 and S0 states of the molecule.

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DeSmidt, H. A., K. W. Wang, and E. C. Smith. "Coupled Torsion-Lateral Stability of a Shaft-Disk System Driven Through a Universal Joint." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1460907.

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Understanding the instability phenomena of rotor-shaft and driveline systems incorporating universal joints is becoming increasingly important because of the trend towards light-weight, high-speed supercritical designs. In this paper, a nondimensional, periodic, linear time-varying model with torsional and lateral degrees-of-freedom is developed for a rotor shaft-disk assembly supported on a flexible bearing and driven through a U-joint. The stability of this system is investigated utilizing Floquet theory. It is shown that the interaction between torsional and lateral dynamics results in new regions of parametric instability that have not been addressed in previous investigations. The presence of load inertia and misalignment causes dynamic coupling of the torsion and lateral modes, which can result in torsion-lateral instability for shaft speeds near the sum-type combinations of the torsion and lateral natural frequencies. The effect of angular misalignment, static load-torque, load-inertia, lateral frequency split, and auxiliary damping on the stability of the system is studied over a range of shaft operating speeds. Other than avoiding the unstable operating frequencies, the effectiveness of using auxiliary lateral viscous damping as a means of stabilizing the system is investigated. Finally, a closed-form technique based on perturbation expansions is derived to determine the auxiliary damping necessary to stabilize the system for the least stable case (worst case).

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Chen, Chen-Sheng, Ming-Lun Hsu, Kin-Di Chang, Shou-Hsin Kuang, Ping-Ting Chen, and Yih-Wen Gung. "Failure Analysis: Enamel Fracture after Debonding Orthodontic Brackets." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 1071–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/091907-449.1.

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Abstract Objective: To determine the location and size of enamel fracture (EF) when debonding a bracket. Materials and Methods: Tests on actual EF situations were conducted in different debonding load modes (tension, shear, and torsion) via mechanical testing, finite element model (FEM) analysis, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Through these simultaneous analyses of the relationships among debonding load modes, value/distribution of stress, and actual enamel fracture location/size, an investigation was undertaken to explore the complex failure mode during enamel fracture after debonding of an orthodontic bracket. Results: The EF usually was located in the area where the force was exerted during various loading modes. The tensile, shear, and torsion debonding modes produce EF sizes and incidences with no significant differences. Findings on FEM matched the mechanical testing and SEM results. Conclusions: The EF locations coincided with the areas where the tensile, shear, or torsion force was exerted. Therefore, the dentist should give extra care and attention to these specific areas of enamel after debonding. The sizes and incidences of EF produced by these three debonding modes showed no significant difference. Thus, clinically, when the sizes and incidences of produced EF are considered, it should not matter which of these three exerting forces is used to debond a bracket.

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VIET, NGUYEN AI, and KAMESHWAR C. WALI. "A DISCRETIZED VERSION OF KALUZA–KLEIN THEORY WITH TORSION AND MASSIVE FIELDS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 11, no. 13 (May 20, 1996): 2403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x96001206.

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We consider an internal space of two discrete points in the fifth dimension of the Kaluza–Klein theory by using the formalism of noncommutative geometry — developed in a previous paper1 — of a spacetime supplemented by two discrete points. With the non-vanishing internal torsion two-form there are no constraints implied on the vielbeins. The theory contains a pair of tensor fields, a pair of vector fields and a pair of scalar fields. Using the generalized Cartan structure equation we are able to uniquely determine not only the Hermitian and metric-compatible connection one-forms, but also the nonvanishing internal torsion two-form in terms of vielbeins. The resulting action has a rich and complex structure, a particular feature being the existence of massive modes. Thus the nonvanishing internal torsion generates a Kaluza–Klein type model with zero and massive modes.

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Li, Jiang, Peng Fa Feng, Fu Guo Li, Qing Hua Li, and Lin Lin Duan. "Influence Study of the Plastic Deformation Mode on the Micro-Indentation Mechanical Properties for the Pure Molybdenum." Key Engineering Materials 894 (July 27, 2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.894.39.

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Four different plastic deformation modes of pure molybdenum in powder metallurgy were studied, including single tensile, single torsion, tensile-torsion and compressive-torsion. Then the influence of these four plastic deformation modes on the micro-mechanical properties of pure molybdenum in powder metallurgy was studied by the micro-indentation method. The results show that the accumulated strain before deformation instability or fracture of the studied material caused by different plastic deformation modes is different, while showing a regular variation. And the mean indentation hardness along the radial direction of the sample also change regularly, which results in different strengthening effects on the molybdenum material itself. The damage inside the deformed material will cause the apparent modulus of elasticity measured by micro-indentation to decrease significantly.

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Bray, Jenelle K., Dahlia R. Weiss, and Michael Levitt. "Optimized Torsion-Angle Normal Modes Reproduce Conformational Changes More Accurately Than Cartesian Modes." Biophysical Journal 101, no. 12 (December 2011): 2966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2011.10.054.

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Inácio, Octávio, José Antunes, and Luis Henrique. "How important are torsion modes in bowed‐string dynamics?" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 110, no. 5 (November 2001): 2648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4776994.

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Im, Seok Been, Harding C. Cloudt, Jeffrey A. Fogle, and Stefan Hurlebaus. "Enhanced damage index method using torsion modes of structures." Smart Structures and Systems 12, no. 3_4 (September 25, 2013): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.12.3_4.427.

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Gorospe, Alking, Zhierwinjay Bautista, and Hyung-Seop Shin. "Critical current degradation behaviour of GdBCO CC tapes in pure torsion and combined tension-torsion modes." Superconductor Science and Technology 29, no. 10 (August 19, 2016): 104003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/10/104003.

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Ter-Kazarian, Gagik. "Modified Theories of Gravitation behind the Spacetime Deformation." Physics Research International 2015 (March 2, 2015): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/152846.

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In the framework of proposed theory of spacetime deformation/distortion, we have a way to deform the spacetime through a nontrivial choice of the distortion-complex, displaying different connections, which may reveal different post-Riemannian spacetime structures as corollary. We extend this theory to address, in particular, the gauge model of the most general metric-affine gravity carrying both nontrivial torsion and nonmetricity. This model is constructed in the framework of the first order Lagrangian expressed in terms of the gauge potentials and their first derivatives. The equations of the standard theory, which have no propagating modes for torsion, can be equivalently replaced in modified framework by the modified equations, which in the limit of reducing the affine group leads to the modified Einstein-Cartan theory with dynamical torsion and beyond. In testing the modified framework for various particular cases, we use the Lagrange multipliers for extinguishing nonmetricity and torsion.

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Xu, Deyi, Yang Yang, and Zongping Chen. "Experimental Study and Damage Model on the Seismic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete L-Shaped Columns under Combined Torsion." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 7008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10197008.

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Due to the advantage of saving indoor space, a special-shaped column frame attracted more attention of the engineers and researchers. This paper presented a quasi-static cyclic loading experiment of six specimens of reinforced concrete (RC) L-shaped columns under compression-flexure-shear-torsion combined loadings to investigate the effect in the ratio of torsion to moment (T/M) and axial compression ratio (n) on their seismic performance. The results showed that the failure modes of L-shaped specimens included bending failure, bending-torsion failure, and torsion-shear failure with the hysteretic curves exhibiting S shape. With the increase of T/M ratio, cracks on the flange developed more fully, and the height of plastic hinge decreased and torsion bearing capacity improved. Besides, as the T/M ratio increased the twist ductility increased, while displacement ductility decreased. On the other hand, with a higher axial compression ratio, torsion bearing capacity and bending stiffness were both increased. Moreover, the equivalent viscous damping coefficient of bending and torsion were 0.08~0.28 and 0.13~0.23, respectively. The average inter-story drift ratio met the requirements of the Chinese standard. Finally, two modified models were proposed to predict the progression of damage for the L-shaped column under combined loading including torsion.

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Xu, Jianchao, Bo Diao, Quanquan Guo, Yinghua Ye, Y. L. Mo, and Tianmin Zhou. "Parametric Study on Mixed Torsional Behavior of U-Shaped Thin-Walled RC Girders." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (November 15, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3497390.

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Nowadays, U-shaped thin-walled concrete girders have been widely applied in the urban construction of rail viaducts in China as well as worldwide. However, the mixed torsional behaviors of these structures are not well understood. In this paper, the mixed torsional behaviors of the U-shaped thin-walled RC girders are theoretically analyzed, and a method predicting failure modes and ultimate torques is proposed. Nonlinear FE models based on ABAQUS to simulate the mixed torsional behaviors are built and calibrated with the test results. Parametric studies considering three crucial parameters (boundary condition, span length-section height ratio, and ratio of longitudinal bars to stirrups) are conducted based on both the above suggested calculating method and the FE modeling. The calculated and the simulated results agree well with each other and with the test results. It is found that the failure modes of the U-shaped thin-walled RC girders under torsion are influenced by all the three parameters. Three kinds of failure modes are observed: flexural failures dominated by warping moment, shear failures caused by warping torque and circulatory torque, and flexural-shear failures in the cases where flexural failure and shear failure appear almost at the same time.

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Xu, Yan, Wen Lei Sun, and Jian Ping Zhou. "Dynamic Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Reverse Engineering." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 1075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.1075.

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The dynamic analysis of the 750Kw wind turbine blade was presented based on Reverse Engineering. Because of complex shape, the model of wind turbine blade is a bottleneck of restriction development on the dynamic characteristic research of blade. The work attempted a new way to build the blade 3D model and completed the dynamic analysis. At first, the point cloud data of blade were gained using ATOS optical scanner. Secondly simplified, smoothed and partitioned in Imageware, point cloudy data were created into curves. Then the curves were imported into UG, the 3D model of blade was attained through curve fitting. At last the dynamic analysis of the blade was completed in ANSYS Workbench. The analysis adopted BlockLanczos method to extract the mode and get the natural frequency and eigenmode from the first to sixth modes. The paper ascertained the first and second wave eigenmodes, the first swing and the first torsion eigenmode. Calculations showed that eigenvalue of wave vibration and swing vibration were lower, torsion vibration eigenvalue was higher. In the vibration of the blade, the couple vibration of wave and swing taked major role, and the influences of torsional vibration were not great. The results showed the wave and swing vibration were predominated, the torsional vibration can be neglectful. The paper developed some new methods, established foundations for the further research of large wind turbine blade in the future.

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Pedersen, P. Terndrup. "Beam Theories for Torsional-Bending Response of Ship Hulls." Journal of Ship Research 35, no. 03 (September 1, 1991): 254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1991.35.3.254.

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A consistent one-dimensional finite-element procedure for analysis of the coupled torsional-bending response of thin-walled beam structures such as ship hulls is presented. At each element end there are three translations, three rotations and one classical Vlasov warping degree of freedom plus possibly N degrees of freedom associated with higher order generalized warping deformation modes. These higher order warping modes are generated from an eigenvalue problem associated with the homogeneous plane stress equilibrium condition for the individual beam cross sections. The assembly of the beam elements to the global model is performed by use of transition matrices which assure compatibility between the elements in the sense of least squares. Numerical examples are included which demonstrate the accuracy of the mathematical model and the applicability of the proposed analysis procedure for calculation of torsion-horizontal bending response of a containership hull. Even if the higher order warping modes are not included in the finite element formulation it is found that the mathematical model is quite accurate for overall response analysis of hull structures.

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Cruz, Ernesto F. "Present State of Seismic Design and Analysis Regulations in Chile." Earthquake Spectra 5, no. 4 (November 1989): 661–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585548.

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A summary of the different provisions existing in Chile is given. The codes related to earthquake engineering practice are divided into two major groups: the first defining the loads and actions, and the other dealing with materials behavior, resistance, and detailing requirements. The overall characteristics of these codes are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the seismic design code provisions that define the level of earthquake action to expect, depending on building characteristics and site soil conditions. No seismic risk map is included in the code. Two different analysis procedures are allowed: an equivalent lateral forces procedure where torsion is considered through an amplification of the static torsion in the building; and the standard response spectrum analysis method with a three degree of freedom per story model of the building. The maximum responses of the different modes are combined using a special combination rule. Additional restrictions are imposed to torsional effects, and to overall building deformations. Finally, the basic ideas being discussed in the revision that is actually being done to the code are presented.

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Nayeb-Hashemi, Hamid. "Failure modes of specimens containing surface flaws under cyclic torsion." Experimental Mechanics 27, no. 1 (March 1987): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02318863.

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YANG, FENG-YU, SHEAU-SHI PAN, JIAN-LIN HUANG, and SHENG-JUI CHEN. "THE MEASUREMENT OF THE PENDULUM DAMPING EFFECT IN SOLID DENSITY SYSTEM." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 24 (January 2013): 1360025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513600252.

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The magnetic damping structure was used in measuring the gravitational constant G by torsion balance. The main purpose is to reduce the effect of pendulum vibration modes. This effect can affect the position of torsion balance. When we use the method A mentioned in OIML R111 to measure density, the pendulum vibration modes of the hanging pan will also be found. In this paper, we will try to introduce the magnetic damping structure to be used on the hanging pan and will present the results of density measurement with the magnetic damper used.

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Spetzler, Benjamin, Elizaveta V. Golubeva, Ron-Marco Friedrich, Sebastian Zabel, Christine Kirchhof, Dirk Meyners, Jeffrey McCord, and Franz Faupel. "Magnetoelastic Coupling and Delta-E Effect in Magnetoelectric Torsion Mode Resonators." Sensors 21, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062022.

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Magnetoelectric resonators have been studied for the detection of small amplitude and low frequency magnetic fields via the delta-E effect, mainly in fundamental bending or bulk resonance modes. Here, we present an experimental and theoretical investigation of magnetoelectric thin-film cantilevers that can be operated in bending modes (BMs) and torsion modes (TMs) as a magnetic field sensor. A magnetoelastic macrospin model is combined with an electromechanical finite element model and a general description of the delta-E effect of all stiffness tensor components Cij is derived. Simulations confirm quantitatively that the delta-E effect of the C66 component has the promising potential of significantly increasing the magnetic sensitivity and the maximum normalized frequency change Δfr. However, the electrical excitation of TMs remains challenging and is found to significantly diminish the gain in sensitivity. Experiments reveal the dependency of the sensitivity and Δfr of TMs on the mode number, which differs fundamentally from BMs and is well explained by our model. Because the contribution of C11 to the TMs increases with the mode number, the first-order TM yields the highest magnetic sensitivity. Overall, general insights are gained for the design of high-sensitivity delta-E effect sensors, as well as for frequency tunable devices based on the delta-E effect.

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Duó, P., A. M. Korsunsky, and D. A. Hills. "The application of asymptotic analysis for modes I and III semi-infinite wedge solutions to a circumferentially notched shaft." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 40, no. 3 (April 1, 2005): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/030932405x12849.

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Mode I and mode III solutions for sharp notch roots are derived and compared with representative full-field solutions. The example geometry studied is a circumferentially notched shaft, loaded in both tension and torsion. The calibration for the notch root intensity factors has been carried out using the finite element method. The combined effects of tension and torsion have been briefly considered as an example.

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41

Cheung, M. S., and A. Megnounit. "Parametric study of design variations on the vibration modes of box girder bridges." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 5 (October 1, 1991): 789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l91-096.

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Under a moving load, a bridge undergoes deflections and stresses which significantly exceed those caused by the same load when applied statically. These dynamic deflections can cause discomfort to pedestrians using the bridge, since human response is sensitive to accelerations and to the rate of change of acceleration. Another factor affecting human response is the type of vibration in the dominant mode. People tend to react more adversely to torsional modes of vibration than to flexural modes. This paper summarizes the results of an extensive analytical investigation, which was conducted to identify key parameters affecting the changes of dominant mode types and to study the influence of diaphragms and cross bracings on dynamic responses of a twin box girder bridge. The finite element method was used to carry out these analyses. The analytical results indicate that the provision of diaphragms within the boxes at each support, or of a cross-bracing system in-between boxes, can effectively reduce peak accelerations when the dominant mode of vibration is torsional. As a result, the human discomfort and perception to vibration can be improved. Key words: vibration, human response, torsion, flexure, box girder bridge, diaphragm, cross bracing, finite element analysis.

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Chlupová, Alice, Ladislav Poczklán, Jiří Man, Veronika Mazánová, Milan Heczko, and Tomáš Kruml. "Character of Fatigue Damage under Axial, Torsional and Biaxial Loading of 316L Stainless Steel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 405 (November 2020): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.405.264.

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Characteristic features of fatigue damage of 316L austenitic stainless steel cyclically strained axially in tension-compression, reversed torsion and combined axial-torsional mode were studied. All loading modes resulted in the formation of persistent slip markings (PSMs). Predominantly one slip system was activated in the case of axial and torsional loading while at biaxial loading, activation of several slip systems was involved. PSMs acted as sites of multiple fatigue crack initiation. The path of subsequent crack growth at a macroscopic scale differed considerably in dependence on loading mode and applied amplitude. The hardening-softening curves and fatigue life curves were evaluated and results were compared and discussed in terms of the type of applied loading.

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Fujisaki, Yasuhisa, Katsuaki Kodaka, Yasuhumi Kawagou, and Kazuto Seto. "Active Suspension Control of Elastic Car Structure." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 10, no. 1 (February 20, 1998): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1998.p0056.

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This study discusses the vibration control of a plate structure supported with active suspension, replacing an elastic car body with a plate structure. Plate structures have typical distributed parameters. Hence, we designed a control system based on LQ control theory, building a six-particle physical model that controls the six-degree modes of bouncing, rolling, and pitching that include vibration modes of bending and torsion. These multiple modes were controlled in simulations and experiments, which verified that vibration in active suspension systems can be controlled.

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Radisavljević, I., D. Marjanović, N. Novaković, and N. Ivanović. "Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Some Oligo-Phenylenes." Materials Science Forum 518 (July 2006): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.518.393.

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Using semi-empirical quantum mechanic (AM1, ZINDO/S) and ab-initio Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations we investigated selected structural, electronic and vibrational properties of phenylene-based oligomers from biphenyl P2P to para-sexiphenil P6P. Special attention is paid to the interplay of electrostatic and conjugation effects on torsion barrier, energy gap, charge distribution and selected vibrational modes, and their dependence on torsion angle and oligomer size.

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White, J. F., and O. O. Bendiksen. "Aeroelastic Behavior of Low-Aspect-Ratio Metal and Composite Blades." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240020.

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The aeroelastic stability of titanium and composite blades of low aspect ratio is examined over a range of design parameters, using a Rayleigh-Ritz formulation. The blade modes include a plate-type mode to account for chordwise bending. Chord-wise flexibility is found to have a significant effect on the unstalled supersonic flutter of low-aspect-ratio blades, and also on the stability of tip sections of shrouded fan blades. For blades with a thickness of less than approximately 4 percent of chord, the chordwise, second bending, and first torsion branches are all unstable at moderately high supersonic Mach numbers. For composite blades, the important structural coupling between bending and torsion cannot be modeled properly unless chordwise bending is accounted for. Typically, aft fiber sweep produces beneficial bending-torsion coupling that is stabilizing, whereas forward fiber sweep has the opposite effect. By using crossed-ply laminate configurations, critical aeroelastic modes can be stabilized.

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Garcia de Andrade, L. C. "Large scale magnetic fields from torsion modes and massive photon inflation." Classical and Quantum Gravity 34, no. 20 (September 26, 2017): 205010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/aa852b.

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Chang, Lay Nam, and Chopin Soo. "Massive torsion modes, chiral gravity and the Adler Bell Jackiw anomaly." Classical and Quantum Gravity 20, no. 7 (March 13, 2003): 1379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/20/7/309.

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Arase, Y., R. Takahashi, K. Arai, D. Tatsumi, M. Fukushima, T. Yamazaki, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, K. Agatsuma, and N. Nakagawa. "Damping system for torsion modes of mirror isolation filters in TAMA300." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 122 (July 1, 2008): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/122/1/012027.

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Smeyers, Yves G., Maria Villa, and Elba Ortiz. "The non-rigid group for wagging and torsion modes in methvlamine." Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 18, no. 2 (1995): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01164659.

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Slámečka, Karel, and Jaroslav Pokluda. "Analysis of Fracture Morphology and Local Loading Modes in Torsional Fatigue." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.263.

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The paper deals with a profile analysis of the fracture surface generated by pure cyclic torsion. Roughness and fractal characteristics studied in two mutually perpendicular directions were found to be sensitive to the crack front position. The investigation of surface topography revealed the presence of the opening Mode I in all investigated crack front locations.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Torsion modes'

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