Relevant bibliographies by topics / Total CO2 avoided cost

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Total CO2 avoided cost'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Doreau, M., L. Bamière, S. Pellerin, M. Lherm, and M. Benoit. "Mitigation of enteric methane for French cattle: potential extent and cost of selected actions." Animal Production Science 54, no. 9 (2014): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14207.

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The purpose of this study was (i) to select options for enteric methane abatement in French conditions, while maintaining production and changing practices but not systems, and (ii) to evaluate the extent of abatement and its cost from 2010 to 2030. Two options were selected: supplying unsaturated fats, and using nitrates as a dietary additive in the diet. Unsaturated fats resulted in a higher abatement, because a greater number of animals were concerned by the option, but incurred a higher total cost and a higher cost per ton of CO2-equivalent avoided. The results were sensitive to methodolog
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Keiko, Alexander, Fedor Veselov, and Andrey Solyanik. "Decarbonization Options in the Russian Energy Sector: a Comparative Study on Their Economic Efficiency." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 4 (2022): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13100.

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The study is focused on the comparison of how costly different decarbonization options in Russia are, in terms of their total expenses per a unit of CO2 avoided. We have constructed two marginal abatement cost curves reflecting different decarbonization policies in the Russian energy sector – basic and intensive scenarios. Doing that, we tried to adequately represent economic, regulation and climatic features of Russia (for instance, relatively low capital cost for most of the technologies, typical wind and solar conditions, regulation policy on natural gas cost, etc.). We found that non-carbo
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Torabi, Roham, Álvaro Gomes, and Fernando Morgado-Dias. "Electricity, Transportation, and Water Provision of 100% Renewable Energy for Remote Areas." Energies 16, no. 10 (2023): 4146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104146.

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The integration of variable renewable energy sources in islands has become crucial in reducing their dependency on imported fossil fuels. This study aimed to assess the energy transition of an island towards a 100% renewable energy system for power generation, inland transport, and potable water provision. Linking various fossil-fuel-consuming sectors, such as transport and potable water supply systems, may strongly assist in reducing the possible mismatch between renewable energy source production and demand and contribute to fulfilling other system requirements. The use of energy storage tec
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ALHiani, Humaid, Bensujin Bennet, Manal Alhinai, and Fadhil Alhousni. "Feasibility of photovoltaic systems with grid-connected in residential building, Nizwa City, Oman using Homer software." East Journal of Engineering 1, no. 2 (2025): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.63496/eje.vol1.iss2.74.

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The study case is designed as a 10 kW PV solar system, battery 6.4 kWh-48V-125Ah and inverter with a grid network using data from Nizwa, Oman, using HOMER software and extracting the results after entering the required parameters, which is obtaining minimum cost of energy and determining the amount of CO2 emissions will be avoided. Two configurations of hybrid energy systems, including PV/Grid and PV/Grid/ Battery are analyzed and compared through optimization of energy sources in HOMER. The system's ideal solution is to use 24 PV solar panels connected to a converter of 10 kW with a grid netw
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Mikhailova, Elena A., Garth R. Groshans, Christopher J. Post, Mark A. Schlautman, and Gregory C. Post. "Valuation of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in the Contiguous United States Based on the Avoided Social Cost of Carbon Emissions." Resources 8, no. 3 (2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030153.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) generates several ecosystem services (ES), including a regulating service by sequestering carbon (C) as SOC. This ES can be valued based on the avoided social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) from the long-term damage resulting from emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). The objective of this study was to assess the value of SOC stocks, based on the avoided SC-CO2 ($42 per metric ton of CO2 in 2007 U.S. dollars), in the contiguous United States (U.S.) by soil order, soil depth (0–20, 20–100, 100–200 cm), land resource region (LRR), state, and region using information from the Stat
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Groshans, Mikhailova, Post, Schlautman, and Zhang. "Determining the Value of Soil Inorganic Carbon Stocks in the Contiguous United States Based on the Avoided Social Cost of Carbon Emissions." Resources 8, no. 3 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030119.

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Carbon sequestered as soil inorganic carbon (SIC) provides a regulating ecosystem service, which can be assigned a monetary value based on the avoided social cost of carbon (SC-CO2). By definition, the SC-CO2 is a measure, in dollars, of the long-term damage resulting from the emission of a metric ton of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, this dollar figure also represents the value of damages avoided due to an equivalent reduction or sequestration of CO2. The objective of this study was to assess the value of SIC stocks in the contiguous United States (U.S.) by soil order, soil depth (0–20, 20–
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Benetti, Marcelo Azevedo, and Florin Iov. "A Novel Scheme to Allocate the Green Energy Transportation Costs—Application to Carbon Captured and Hydrogen." Energies 16, no. 7 (2023): 3087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16073087.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) are essential energy vectors in the green energy transition. H2 is a fuel produced by electrolysis and is applied in heavy transportation where electrification is not feasible yet. The pollutant substance CO2 is starting to be captured and stored in different European locations. In Denmark, the energy vision aims to use this CO2 to be reacted with H2, producing green methanol. Typically, the production units are not co-located with consumers and thus, the required transportation infrastructure is essential for meeting supply and demand. This work presents
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Rami, Yassine, and Amine Allouhi. "Design, Economic, and Environmental Accounting Assessment of a Solar-Powered Cold Room for Fish Storage in Traditional Markets." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (2024): 3080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16073080.

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The food industry, crucial for emerging economies, faces challenges in refrigeration, particularly in fish storage. High energy consumption, environmental impact, and improper cooling methods leading to food waste are significant issues. Addressing these challenges is vital for economic and environmental sustainability in the food sector, especially concerning fish storage where spoilage rates are high. In this context, this research proposes a sizing methodology, evaluation, and parametric simulations based on multi-criteria attributes for a solar PV-powered cold room for storing fish in trad
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Migo-Sumagang, Maria Victoria P., Monet Concepcion Maguyon-Detras, Martin Gummert, et al. "Rice-Straw-Based Heat Generation System Compared to Open-Field Burning and Soil Incorporation of Rice Straw: An Assessment of Energy, GHG Emissions, and Economic Impacts." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (2020): 5327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135327.

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Rice is a staple food crop, and its production generates large volumes of agricultural waste, rice straw. Several studies have proven that open-field burning and soil incorporation are unsustainable practices of managing rice straw, but remain as prevalent methods of treating and disposing of rice straw. An alternative solution is to harness the energy from rice straw via a small-scale heat conversion system for paddy drying applications, which can reduce rice grain post-processing costs and improve paddy storage conditions. This study investigated the energy flow, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissio
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Chazdon, Robin L., Eben N. Broadbent, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, et al. "Carbon sequestration potential of second-growth forest regeneration in the Latin American tropics." Science Advances 2, no. 5 (2016): e1501639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501639.

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Regrowth of tropical secondary forests following complete or nearly complete removal of forest vegetation actively stores carbon in aboveground biomass, partially counterbalancing carbon emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, burning of fossil fuels, and other anthropogenic sources. We estimate the age and spatial extent of lowland second-growth forests in the Latin American tropics and model their potential aboveground carbon accumulation over four decades. Our model shows that, in 2008, second-growth forests (1 to 60 years old) covered 2.4 million km2 of land (28.1% of the total s
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Nyberg, Jesper. "Kostnaden för CCS vid Cementa AB i Degerhamn." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54270.

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CCS, Carbon Capture and Storage, innebär infångning och lagring av koldioxid från stora punktutsläpp. Detta gör cementindustrin aktuell för implementering av CCS. Stora delar av branschens koldioxidutsläpp går inte att eliminera på annat sätt. Kostnaden för monoetanolamin-baserad post-combustion capture med efterföljande transport och lagring av koldioxiden vid cementfabriken Cementa AB i Degerhamn undersöktes. Studiens kostnadsberäkningar är baserade på publicerade uppgifter om kostnaden för koldioxidinfångning vid den norska cementfabriken Norcem Brevik, och på publicerade uppgifter om kostn
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Mandana, Raghav Somayya. "Policy Tools for the Decarbonisation of Urban Freight Transport in Brazil." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299857.

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There has been an increase in the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the last 3 decades. A large share of these emissions is produced by the transport sector. In 2010 alone, global transport accounted for 7 GtCO2 eq and approximately 23% of total energy-related CO2 emissions. In order for the decarbonisation of the transport sector, one of the most important strategies is to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuel consumption can be reduced by rolling out more battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on public roads. This is one of the methods by which the concept of electromobility is promoted. In
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Books on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Kreyenberg, Danny. Fahrzeugantriebe Für Die Elektromobilität: Total Cost of Ownership, Energieeffizienz, CO2‐Emissionen und Kundennutzen. Springer Vieweg. in Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, 2016.

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Kreyenberg, Danny. Fahrzeugantriebe Für Die Elektromobilität: Total Cost of Ownership, Energieeffizienz, CO2‐Emissionen und Kundennutzen. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Piton, Guillaume, Nabila Arfaoui, Amandine Gnonlonfin, et al. "Giving Room to the River: A Nature-Based Solution for Flash Flood Hazards? The Brague River Case Study (France)." In Water Security in a New World. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25308-9_13.

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AbstractThe Brague River basin (68 km2) is located on the French Mediterranean coast. It experiences a high risk of flash floods. The potential efficacy and efficiency of flood protection strategies based on green (Nature Based Solutions: NBS) or grey (civil-engineering) measures, as well as their co-benefits, are studied in this chapter. Two NBS flood alleviation strategies combine both small natural water retention areas, along with a widening of the river corridor. Two more classical grey scenarios were based on large wood-trapping racks, and another based on retention dams. This chapter sy
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Mohammed, Abbas Q., Kassim A. Al-Anbarri, and Rafid M. Hannun. "Multi-objective NPO Minimizing the Total Cost and CO2 Emissions for a Stand-Alone Hybrid Energy System." In Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70713-2_33.

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Mezhov, Alexander, Bright Asante, and Wolfram Schmidt. "Increasing the Incorporation of CO2-Sequestering Materials in Concrete." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_4.

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AbstractThere are different ways to reduce the CO2 amounts emitted from concrete production, e.g., carbon capture during the cement production, application of low-clinker binders, or changing the structural design strategies to decrease the total consumption of overall materials. Another vital approach is to foster the application of locally available resources, which does not require a significant amount of energy for the production and transport, and which could be used as cementitious materials without compromising the properties of the concrete. Biochar, produced by pyrolysis, is a potenti
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Kurakawa, Yukihide. "Climate Policy in Power Sector: Feed-in Tariff and Carbon Pricing." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_5.

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Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the effects of some mainstream policy schemes in the power sector on the reduction of CO2 emissions. The first part of this chapter is the analysis on the effects of promoting generation (fuel) efficiency of fossil-fuel power generation, specifically assuming more efficient coal-fired power plants that recently indicates increased presence in the Japanese power sector. Improvement in generation efficiency of fossil-fuel power plants is expected to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide mainly from a technological aspect. However, overall effec
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Hettesheimer, Tim, Cornelius Moll, Kerstin Jeßberger, and Saskia Franz. "Small Electric Vehicles in Commercial Transportation: Empirical Study on Acceptance, Adoption Criteria and Economic and Ecological Impact on a Company Level." In Small Electric Vehicles. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_6.

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AbstractSmall electric vehicles (SEVs) in commercial transportation have the potential to reduce traffic and its impacts, especially in urban areas. Companies, however, are still reluctant to implement SEVs. Therefore, the aim of this contribution is to shed light on the acceptance of motives for and obstacles to the use of SEVs in commercial transportation. Since the use of SEVs is often discussed in the context of innovative city logistics concepts, such as micro-hubs, our aim is also, to explore the acceptance, economic, and ecological potentials of SEVs in combination with micro-hubs. We u
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Haase, Matthias, and Thaleia Konstantinou. "Current Business Model Practices in Energy Master Planning for Regions, Cities and Districts." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39206-1_1.

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AbstractRoughly 97% of the European Union (EU) building stock is not considered energy efficient, and 75–85% of it will still be in use in 2050 (Artola et al., Boosting building renovation: What potential and value for Europe? 2016). Residential buildings account for around two thirds of final energy consumption in European buildings. The rate at which new buildings either replace the old stock or expand the total stock is about 1% per year. Similarly, the current renovation rate of existing buildings in the EU is about 1–2% of the building stock renovated each year. Renovation strategies on b
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Nicod, Laurent, and Philippe Clément. "Europe’s Rail FP4- Rail4EARTH Sustainable Rail Systems Progress Point of the European R&D Program." In Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89444-2_5.

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Abstract The scope of the European R&D railways project FP4-Rail4Earth (95M€ budget, 4 years, started in December 2022) funded by the European Commission covers the sustainable rail system including rolling stock, infrastructure, stations, and their sub-systems. The objective is to improve the existing sustainability performances of railways, to reinforce a more attractive and resilient transport mode and to contribute towards the objectives of a Climate Neutral Europe for 2050. The decarbonisation of diesel trains, the noise and vibration reduction, the energy saving, circular economy, re
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Danloup, Nicolas, Hamid Allaoui, Jesus Gonzales-Feliu, and Gilles Goncalves. "Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Green Collaboration in Land-Sea Freight Transport." In Handbook of Research on Interdisciplinary Approaches to Decision Making for Sustainable Supply Chains. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9570-0.ch006.

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The purpose of this chapter is to study the benefits of collaboration among shippers in less than truckload transportation and to show the role of transhipments in the collaboration. In this chapter, the authors propose a new model for the pickup and delivery problem with transhipment and time windows to study the role of transhipment in the green collaborative transportation. A transportation network with two transportation modes road and sea is considered. Different scenarios are optimized and compared in terms of cost and CO2 emissions: with/without collaboration and with/without transhipme
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"The Secrecy Tax." In Secret Leviathan, edited by Mark Harrison. Stanford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503628892.003.0003.

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This chapter throws light on the cost of procedures for assuring secrecy in doing Soviet government business. Their burden was like that of a cascading transaction tax. As a tax, the secrecy tax could be avoided or evaded, but systematic violations were exceptional. The costs of secrecy procedures can be measured by examining their long paper trail. It turns out that they could be a large share of total paper-based activities. To the extent that measurement across countries is possible, the Soviet costs of secrecy appear to have been heavier than in modern liberal-democratic states by an order
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Felseghi, Raluca Andreea. "Comparative Analysis Regarding the Performance Criteria of Hydrogen Fuel Cells Used in Green Electricity Generation for Mobility." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6721-3.ch010.

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Today, hydrogen is recognized as a non-polluting energy carrier because it does not contribute to global warming if it is produced from renewable energy resources. This chapter presents one of the possibilities of using hydrogen fuel cells in the energy support of electric vehicle charging stations. A comparative study was presented for five situations in which fuel cells have different nominal powers, a study whose objective is to investigate the equipment capability, assuming their use as the first and only source of electricity in a future economy based on hydrogen, in which case the hydrog
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Conference papers on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Okeke, Ikenna J., Sachin U. Nimbalkar, Kiran Thirumaran, and Joe Cresko. "Role of Hydrogen as Fuel in Decarbonizing US Clinker Manufacturing for Cement Production: Costs and CO2 Emissions Reduction Potentials." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.155078.

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As a low-carbon fuel, feedstock, and energy source, hydrogen is expected to play a vital role in the decarbonization of high-temperature process heat during the pyroprocessing steps of clinker production in cement manufacturing. However, to accurately assess its potential for reducing CO2 emissions and the associated costs in clinker production applications, a techno-economic analysis and a study of facility-level CO2 emissions are necessary. Assuming that up to 20% hydrogen can be blended in clinker fuel mix without significant changes in equipment configuration, this study evaluates the pote
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Phillips, Jeffrey N., and John M. Wheeldon. "Economic Analysis of Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Pulverized Coal Power Plants: A Cost-Effective CO2 Emission Reduction Option?" In AM-EPRI 2010, edited by D. Gandy, J. Shingledecker, and R. Viswanathan. ASM International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2010p0053.

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Abstract A recent engineering design study conducted by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has compared the cost and performance of an advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) pulverized coal (PC) power plant with main steam temperature of 700°C to that of conventional coal-fired power plant designs: sub-critical, supercritical, and current USC PC plants with main steam temperatures of 541°, 582°, and 605°C, respectively. The study revealed that for a US location in the absence of any cost being imposed for CO2 emissions the A-USC design was a slightly more expensive choice for electrici
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Kim, So-mang, Joanne Kalbusch, and Gr�goire L�onard. "Short-Cut Correlations for CO2 Capture Technologies in Small-Scale Applications." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.115945.

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The escalating urgency to address climate change has driven carbon capture (CC) technologies into the spotlight, particularly for large-scale emitters, which benefit from economies of scale. However, small-scale emitters account for a significant share of CO2 emissions, yet such applications remain largely overlooked in the literature. While CC cost is often used as a key performance indicator (KPI) for CC technologies, the lack of standardized cost estimation methods leads to inconsistencies, complicating comparisons, and hindering the deployment of CC systems. This study addresses these chal
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Hill, R. T., F. A. Ramirez, B. Monty, and G. Palanivel. "Material Selection Assessment for Topside Process Equipment for Production Fluids with High CO2 Content." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11118.

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Abstract During recent years, in the exploration for new oil and gas sources, the tendency towards developing offshore fields in more stringent environments has increased. Operators are now developing deep water, high pressure, high temperature, and high CO2 fields. This tendency has created numerous challenges to the project initial cost (CAPEX) and subsequent operational cost (OPEX). The material selection is critical for such fields showing high CO2 content. Although the initial capital cost for using carbon steel may be much lower than that of a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA), the total c
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Carrillo, E. J., J. Lizcano-Prada, V. Kafaro, D. Rodriguez-Vallejo, and A. Uribe-Rodr�guez. "Techno economical assessment of a low-carbon hydrogen production process using residual biomass gasification and carbon capture." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.153241.

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Aiming to mitigate the environmental impact derived from fossil fuels, we propose an integrated carbon capture-biomass gasification process is proposed to produce low-carbon hydrogen as an alternative energy carrier. The process begins with the pre-treatment of empty fruit bunches (EFB), involving grinding, drying, torrefaction, and pelletization. The resulting EFB pellet is then fed into a dual gasifier, followed by a catalytic cracking of tar and water gas shift reaction to produce syngas, aiming to increase its H2 to CO ratio. Subsequently, we explore two alternatives (DEPG and MEA) for syn
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Sydberger, T., J. D. Edwards, and K. J. Mørk. "A Probabilistic Approach to Prediction of CO2-Corrosion, and Its Application to Life Cycle Cost Analyses of Oil and Gas Equipment." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95065.

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Abstract Unduly conservative predictions of CO2-corrosion may prevent cost-effective solutions for corrosion control. Similarly, field experience has demonstrated that over-optimistic assumptions of the efficiency of planned corrosion mitigation may cause excessive costs not anticipated during the initial design; including monitoring, maintenance, repair and early condemnation. This paper propounds a probabilistic approach to the design of CO2-corrosion control where both the prediction of CO2-corrosion rate and inhibitor efficiency factors are treated as stochastic parameters, i.e. their reli
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Mousa, Soha, and Dhabia Al-Mohannadi. "Optimizing Industrial Heat Electrification: Balancing Cost and Emissions." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.113100.

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The electrification of industrial heat is a promising pathway for decarbonization, yet challenges persist in balancing capital costs, operating costs, and emissions reduction. While previous studies have assessed electrification through heat integration and graphical methods, these approaches do not inherently determine the optimal hybrid technology configuration. This study introduces an optimization-based framework that systematically evaluates the cost-optimal allocation of electrified and conventional heating technologies. Formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model and i
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Babadi, Hourissa Soleymani, and Lazaros G. Papageorgiou. "Optimisation of Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage Supply Chains Under Carbon Trading and Taxation." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.194067.

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In recent years, several strategies have been developed to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere. Carbon Capture, Storage and Utilisation (CCUS) is one of the proposed solutions. However, CCUS systems are expensive to install and operate. Furthermore, most studies in the literature have focused on CO2 utilisation and storage separately, without accounting for the effects of other CO2 emission management strategies. To address this gap, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework for a supply chain network is developed in this work, incorporating CO2 storage, util
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Boztas, Oktay, Meire E. G. R. Domingos, Daniel A. Fl�rez-Orrego, and Fran�ois Mar�chal. "Olefins production through sustainable pathways: techno-economic and environmental assessment." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.138183.

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This study presents a comparative analysis of various configurations for sustainable olefins production via chemical recycling of plastic/biomass wastes, integrating CO2 capture, storage and management technologies. The co-gasification, methanol synthesis and methanol-to-olefins process models were developed on the Aspen Plus� software. Optimization of processing conditions is achieved through the OSMOSE Lua platform, for minimizing the total cost of operation while accounting for seasonal variability in the electricity prices. CO2 valorization processes have been shown to increase carbon effi
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Uday, Vikram, and Sujit Jogwar. "Optimal Design of a Biogas-based Renewable Power Production System." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.194065.

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This paper presents optimal design for an energy-integrated biogas-fuel cell system for renewable electricity generation. The integrated process consists of two steps. The first step generates hydrogen from biogas via methane steam reforming (SMR), whereas the second step electrochemically converts this hydrogen into electricity using a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). These two steps are coupled via material and energy integration. Specifically, various design alternatives like anode and/or cathode gas recycling, biogas upgradation by CO2 removal, external versus direct internal reforming, and a
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Reports on the topic "Total CO2 avoided cost"

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Beato, Paulina. Cross Subsidies in Public Services: Some Issues. Inter-American Development Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008778.

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Pricing policy recommendations infrastructure services are based on two principles. One is that prices should cover the total cost of the service. The other is that cross subsidy schemes should be avoided. This technical paper explores the economic literature for rules on applying these principles to real world infrastructure services. The discussion is based on a partial equilibrium approach that uses market surplus as a proxy for social welfare and efficiency. Three main conclusions are reached in this paper. First, if a uniform price schedule is established and prices diverge from marginal
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Hynd, David, Caroline Wallbank, Jonathan Kent, et al. Costs and Benefits of Electronic Stability Control in Selected G20 Countries. TRL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/lsrg3377.

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This report, commissioned by Bloomberg Philanthropies, finds that 42,000 lives could be saved and 150,000 serious injuries prevented by 2030 if all new cars in seven G20 countries were required to be equipped with an inexpensive crash avoidance technology starting in 2020. Thirteen G20 counties currently adhere to United Nations regulations on electronic stability control (ESC). If the seven remaining countries—Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico and South Africa—also mandated ESC in 2020, the report estimates $21.5 billion in economic benefit to those countries from the prevent
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VanderGheynst, Jean, Michael Raviv, Jim Stapleton, and Dror Minz. Effect of Combined Solarization and in Solum Compost Decomposition on Soil Health. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594388.bard.

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In soil solarization, moist soil is covered with a transparent plastic film, resulting in passive solar heating which inactivates soil-borne pathogen/weed propagules. Although solarization is an effective alternative to soil fumigation and chemical pesticide application, it is not widely used due to its long duration, which coincides with the growing season of some crops, thereby causing a loss of income. The basis of this project was that solarization of amended soil would be utilized more widely if growers could adopt the practice without losing production. In this research we examined three
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.

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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 p
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