Academic literature on the topic 'Total loss'

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Journal articles on the topic "Total loss"

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Janssen, Bas. "Total loss." Tijdschrift voor praktijkondersteuning 7, no. 5 (October 2012): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12503-012-0084-z.

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Wyatt, Katrina M., Paul W. Dimmock, Tracy J. Walker, and P. M. Shaughn O’Brien. "Determination of total menstrual blood loss." Fertility and Sterility 76, no. 1 (July 2001): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01847-7.

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MCSWINEY, M., G. JOSHI, and M. MCCAROLL. "BLOOD LOSS DURING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT." British Journal of Anaesthesia 69, no. 3 (September 1992): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/69.3.331-a.

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WITTMANN, P. H., and F. W. WITTMANN. "BLOOD LOSS DURING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT." British Journal of Anaesthesia 69, no. 3 (September 1992): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/69.3.332.

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JONES, N. O., and J. G. GUY. "BLOOD LOSS DURING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT." British Journal of Anaesthesia 70, no. 2 (February 1993): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/70.2.235-b.

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Kalairajah, Y., D. Simpson, A. J. Cossey, G. M. Verrall, and A. J. Spriggins. "Blood loss after total knee replacement." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume 87-B, no. 11 (November 2005): 1480–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.87b11.16474.

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CUSHNER, FRED D., and RICHARD J. FRIEDMAN. "Blood Loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 269 (August 1991): 98???101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199108000-00015.

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BERMAN, ARNOLD T., ALFRED E. GEISSELE, and STEPHEN J. BOSACCO. "Blood Loss with Total Knee Arthroplasty." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 234 (September 1988): 137???138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-198809000-00024.

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Cundy, William, Annika Theodoulou, Chi Ling, Jeganath Krishnan, and Christopher Wilson. "Blood Loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Knee Surgery 30, no. 05 (September 21, 2016): 452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1592147.

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AbstractPatients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have expected blood loss during and after surgery. The morbidity associated with blood loss and the burden of blood transfusions in adult arthroplasty necessitates preoperative optimization as routine practice. Current literature remains inconclusive on which TKA surgical instrumentation techniques are effective in minimizing perioperative blood loss, and consequently lower transfusion rates. The primary objective of this retrospective review, of a prospective randomized cohort study, was to compare surgical and patient factors, and their influence on blood loss and transfusions rates, between one type of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI), navigated computer-assisted surgery (CAS), and conventional TKA surgical techniques.A cohort of 128 matched patients (38 PSI, 44 CAS, 46 conventional surgeries) were compared. Preoperative factors analyzed included; age, gender, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) (g/L), international normalized ratio, use of anticoagulants and comorbid bleeding diathesis. Maximal Hb drop and transfusion requirements were compared on day 1 to 3. Perioperative factors collected included: surgical time, tourniquet time, drain output, in situ drain time, order of tibia or femoral cut, and intraoperative loss from suction.The three groups did not differ on the preoperative patient demographics examined. The difference between preoperative Hb and the lowest postoperative Hb readings did not differ between study groups (p = 0.39).There are no statistically significant differences in blood loss when comparing PSI versus CAS versus conventional TKA. Although emerging evidence on PSI is encouraging, the PSI technique for TKA does not result in reduced blood loss. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01145157.
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Dan, Diana, David Germann, Hubert Burki, Peter Hausner, Urs Kappeler, Rainer Peter Meyer, Richard Klaghofer, and Thomas Stoll. "Bone loss after total hip arthroplasty." Rheumatology International 26, no. 9 (April 20, 2006): 792–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-005-0077-0.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Total loss"

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Kwong, Peter Yun Kai Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Aeronautical. "Total pressure loss in a conical diffuser." Ottawa, 1985.

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Wilkinson, Jeremy Mark. "Pathogenesis and prevention of aseptic loosening after total hip arthroplasty." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247254.

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Gong, Xiaoyang. "Total pressure loss mechanism in a diesel engine turbocharger." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23317.

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Simulation tools are intensively used in the design stage of diesel engines due to their contributions to significant savings in cost and time for the engine development. Since most of DI diesel engines are turbocharged, it is of vital importance to hold a good understanding of turbine and compressor characteristic to predict the engine performance accurately. However, this data is often not available from turbocharger manufacturers, particularly for turbines. On available turbine maps the operating range of the turbine is constrained due to limitations of conventional turbocharger test benches. Operations with a wider range of turbocharger pressure ratios can be achieved by employing complex turbocharger test benches, which will also lead to higher costs including hardware and labour. An alternative solution is to develop numerical models for the turbocharger based on thermodynamics. In this thesis numerical models has been developed for predicting the performance of both the centrifugal compressors and turbines and they have been also validated using test cases, particularly for variable geometry turbines. Following detailed parametric studies, the turbocharger model has been validated against experimental data of a turbocharger with a variable geometry turbine. Results showed that the model was capable of predicting the characteristics maps of the turbocharger accurately, requiring a minimal amount of turbocharger geometric properties, experimental data and calibration parameters. Thus, by combing with the engine performance simulation software there is a highly potential for the numerical model developed in this work to become a useful tool for predicting engine performance and turbo matching calculations or diagnostic applications.
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Mazurek, Rafal. "Effects of burrs on a three phase transformer core including local loss, total loss and flux distribution." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/49661/.

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This thesis examines the effects of burrs on performance of transformer cores through application of artificial burrs, measurements of overall specific total loss and local specific total loss, measurements of flux density redistribution caused by burrs and through development of eddy current loss model incorporating two dimensional eddy current losses and flux density distribution within a conductive sample. A clamping system was designed for application of artificial burrs in a completely repeatable and reversible manner. Various burr sizes and arrangements were investigated to confirm the effect and show the extent of the effect for different scenarios with the experimental core magnetised in the range of 0.1 T to 1.8 T. It was observed that for large number of laminations affected by the artificial burrs the overall core losses of the three phase, 350 kVA distribution transformer doubled while the local losses in the vicinity of the burred region reached over 1 kW/kg. Three eddy current loss models were developed in this investigation. One for a symmetrical case of burrs located on either edge of a stack of laminations, one for a non symmetrical case of burrs located on the edge or within the stack of laminations and finally, one taking into account flux density decay within a conductive material. A secondary objective of this thesis is a feasibility study of using thin film sensors within a commercial size transformer core. This was achieved by adapting a physical vapour deposition system to accommodate large laminations and depositing thin film needle sensors for flux density measurement and thin film thermocouples for loss measurement inside a stack of the core. The flux density measurement by thin film needle sensors within the core was successful. Thin film thermocouples did not provide successful results and the development of this part of the work is suggested as future work.
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McKinney, Bradley W. "An architecture of total loss : building learning communities, growing learning spaces." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286420.

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This document voices the story of siting and constructing a hidden, "squatted studio" space within a bridge superstructure over the White River in downtown Anderson, Indiana. It includes interpretations of this "build-design-build" project; a field study (CapAsia) in Sri Lanka with faculty and students from the University of Moratuwa; and the author's work alongside undergraduate design students and faculty colleagues at Anderson University, Anderson, Indiana. The project documents and extends occasions of experience that inform a pedagogy of total loss teaching. The `squatted studio' is presented as architectural form and practice congruent with a total loss approach to learning understood by these statements: there is nothing to gain by total loss teaching as there is no profit in it-waste nothing, and make useful everything at hand. The subversive transformation of materials and space by communities of learners illuminates the affects of total loss teaching.
Department of Architecture
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Canelas, Liliana Moreira. "Desdentação total em idosos: influência na nutrição." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4354.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária
As pessoas estão a viver vidas mais longas e saudáveis. Estima-se que a proporção de pessoas com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos duplique entre os anos de 2010-2050, prevendo-se que em 2050 as pessoas pertencentes a esta faixa etária correspondam a mais de um quarto (27%) da população mundial. Em Portugal é esperado que até 2060, a população desta faixa etária residente no país atinja os 3344 milhares de pessoas. Com o envelhecimento aumenta a incidência de doenças e consequentemente o uso de polimedicação. Neste sentido deve ser dada a devida atenção as interacções entre a medicação e a alimentação. A sinergia entre saúde oral e nutrição é evidente pois, doenças infecciosas orais, doenças sistémicas agudas, crónicas e terminais com manifestações orais afectam não só a capacidade mastigatória mas também a dieta dos indivíduos, podendo não comprometer o seu estado nutricional mas implicando alterações quer na escolha de alimentos como no conforto oral e podendo mesmo afectar a qualidade de vida. O comprometimento da capacidade mastigatória é evidente com a perda de dentes sem substituição destes por próteses ou nos casos em que os indivíduos usam próteses mal adaptadas. No que diz respeito a nutrição, as limitações da função mastigatória proporcionam o défice no consumo de carnes, frutas e legumes que são fontes ricas em provitaminas (caroteno), vitaminas A, C, E, várias vitaminas do complexo B, proteínas (albumina), fibras e minerais como cálcio, ferro e potássio. Optando por consumir dietas a base de gorduras que aumentam a predisposição para doenças como: obesidade e diabetes mellitus. Com a análise destes dados é fundamental a criação de programas de promoção e de prevenção para a saúde oral, saúde geral e nutrição que são primordiais para o bem-estar dos idosos, no âmbito de evitar procedimentos médicos mais invasivos e malnutrição. People are living longer and healthier lives. It is estimated that the proportion of people aged over 65 will double between the years 2010-2050, it is expected that in 2050 people belonging to this age group accounted for more than a quarter (27%) of the population world. In Portugal it is expected that by 2060, the population of this age group living in the country will reach 3344 thousand people. With aging increases the incidence of disease and thus the use of polypharmacy. In this regard due consideration the interactions between medication and food should be given. The synergy between oral health and nutrition is evident therefore oral infectious diseases, acute systemic diseases, chronic and terminal with oral manifestations affect not only the chewing ability but also the diet of individuals and could not compromise their nutritional status but implies changes in either the choice of food on oral as comfort and can even affect the quality of life. The impairment of chewing ability is evident with the loss of teeth without replacing them with dentures or in cases in which individuals wear ill-fitting dentures. Regarding nutrition, the limitations of the masticatory function provide the shortfall in consumption of meat, fruit and vegetables that are rich sources in provitamin (carotene), vitamins A, C, E, several B vitamins, protein (albumin), fiber and minerals like calcium, iron and potassium. Choosing to consume diets based on fats that increase the predisposition to diseases such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. With the analysis of these data is crucial to create promotion and prevention programs for oral health, general health and nutrition that are essential to the welfare of the elderly in the context of malnutrition and avoid more invasive medical procedures.
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Brohan, Philip. "Ab-initio studies of two-level states in glasses and electron energy-loss spectra." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319463.

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Vermelho, Alexandre Filipe Correia Cajana. "Calculating best estimates in a GLM framework. Frequency/severity models vs total loss models." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7040.

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Mestrado em Ciências Actuariais
When using generalized linear models to predict future claim payments, should actuaries use separate frequency/severity models or a single loss cost model? This is the question this paper addresses, covering some theoretical background, testing both alternatives on real data from the Industrial Multiple Risks (IMR) sub-­‐branch and analysing its results. Data was provided by 7 companies operating in Portugal in the years 2010 and 2011, who own a 70% share of the Portuguese IMR market and was collected by Associação Portuguesa de Seguradores (APS).
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Renaud, Earl William. "Secondary flow, total pressure loss and the effect of circumferential distortions in axial turbine cascades." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43059.

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Sun, Emily A. "A finite element analysis of the effects of bone loss on cementless total hip arthroplasty." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38040.

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Books on the topic "Total loss"

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Noakes, Manny. The total wellbeing diet. Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2006.

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Peter, Clifton, and CSIRO (Australia), eds. The total wellbeing diet. New York: New American Library, 2006.

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Bob Greene's total body makeover. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.

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Julie, Odato, ed. The Birchcreek secret to total health. Lake Mary, Fla: Siloam, 2012.

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Noakes, Manny. The CSIRO total wellbeing diet. Camberwell, Vic: Penguin and CSIRO, 2006.

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Clifton, Peter (Peter M.), ed. The CSIRO total wellbeing diet. London: Michael Joseph, 2007.

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Balance your body, balance your life: Total health rejuvenation. New York, NY: Kensington Books, 1999.

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Morris, Scott M. The total view of Taftly: A novel. Athens, Ga: Hill Street Press, 2000.

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Illinois. Dept. of Insurance. What you should know about automobile total loss settlements. Springfield, Ill.]: Illinois Dept. of Insurance, 1986.

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Linda, Mintle, ed. Lose it for life: The total solution-spiritual, emotional, physical-for permanent weight loss. Nashville: Integrity Publishers, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Total loss"

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Pelzmann, Linda. "Total Loss of Control." In Springers Kurzlehrbücher der Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 281–84. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-92664-2_12.

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Morgan-Jones, Rhidian. "Bone Loss in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty." In Total Knee Arthroplasty, 249–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17554-6_22.

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Gaca, Hans, Jan Ruiter, Götz Mehr, and Theo Mang. "Total-Loss Lubrication Systems, Overview." In Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication, 2103–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22647-2_130.

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Longjohn, Donald B., and Lawrence D. Dorr. "Bone Stock Loss and Allografting: Femur." In Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty, 100–111. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1406-9_10.

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Westrich, Geoffrey H. "Bone Stock Loss and Allografting: Trochanter." In Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty, 112–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1406-9_11.

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Paprosky, Wayne G., Michael S. Bradford, and Todd D. Sekundiak. "Bone Stock Loss and Allografting: Acetabulum." In Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty, 93–99. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1406-9_9.

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Ranawat, Chitranjan S. "How to Compensate for Bone Loss." In Total-Condylar Knee Arthroplasty, 95–104. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5050-0_13.

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Wroblewski, B. M. "Loss of Bone Stock." In Revision Surgery in Total Hip Arthroplasty, 201–7. London: Springer London, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1788-9_24.

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Sculco, Thomas P., Hans W. Springorum, Ugo De Nicola, Walter J. Lowe, and Richard S. Laskin. "The Management of Bone Loss in Total Knee Replacement." In Total Knee Replacement, 225–39. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1825-1_15.

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Scuderi, Giles R., Thomas J. Parisi, Douglas A. Dennis, David G. Lewallen, Russell E. Windsor, and Danielle Y. Ponzio. "Management of Tibial Bone Loss." In Complex Cases in Total Knee Arthroplasty, 245–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69380-4_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Total loss"

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PAPAMOSCHOU, DIMITRI. "Total-pressure loss in supersonic parallel mixing." In 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-216.

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Renaud, E. "Evaluation of total pressure loss in intrinsic coordinates." In 30th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1994-2713.

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Dasgupta, Debasish, K. M. Suyan, Satinath Banerjee, Serukai Arravamuda Ravi, Soumitra Chakraborty, Pradip Mondal, and Vinay Kumar Jain. "Successful Casing Cementation in Total Loss Conditions - Case Histories." In Middle East Drilling Technology Conference & Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/125660-ms.

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Nguyen-Truong, Hai, Khoa N. A. Nguyen, and San Cao. "SRGAN with Total Variation Loss in Face Super-Resolution." In 2020 7th NAFOSTED Conference on Information and Computer Science (NICS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nics51282.2020.9335836.

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Liu, Shingpeng, Wei Zhao, Yunan Hu, and Binxian Lu. "Influence of regional line loss on total loss of transmission network after structure change." In 2021 13th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmtma52658.2021.00048.

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MCCUNE, JAMES, T. TAVARES, NORMAN LEE, and DAVID WEISSBEIN. "Slender wing theory including regions of embedded total pressure loss." In 26th Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1988-320.

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Savari, Sharath, and Donald L. Whitfill. "Managing Total Fluid Loss is Critical for Well Integrity Management." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/25693-ms.

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LaFleur, Ronald S. "Second Vane Total Pressure Loss Due to Endwall Iceform Contouring." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50439.

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The iceformation design method generates an endwall contour, altering the secondary flows that produce elevated endwall heat transfer load and total pressure losses. Iceformation is an analog to regions of metal melting where a hot fluid alters the isothermal surface shape of a part as it is maintained by a cooling fluid. The passage flow, heat transfer and geometry evolve together under the constraints of flow and thermal boundary conditions. The iceformation concept is not media dependent and can be used in analogous flows and materials to evolve novel boundary shapes. In the past, this method has been shown to reduce aerodynamic drag and total pressure loss in flows such as diffusers and cylinder/endwall junctures. A prior paper [1] showed that the Reynolds number matched iceform geometry had a 24% lower average endwall heat transfer than the rotationally symmetric endwall geometry of the Energy Efficiency Engine (E3). Comparisons were made between three endwall geometries: the ‘iceform’, the ‘E3’ and the ‘flat’ as a limiting case of the endwall design space. This paper adds to the iceformation design record by reporting the endwall aerodynamic performances. Second vane exit flow velocities and pressures were measured using an automated 2-D traverse of a 1.2 mm diameter five-hole probe. Exit plane maps for the three endwall geometries are presented showing the details of the total pressure coefficient contours and the velocity vectors. The formation of secondary flow vortices is shown in the exit plane and this results in an impact on exit plane total pressure loss distribution, off-design over- and under-turning of the exit flow. The exit plane contours are integrated to form overall measures of the total pressure loss. Relative to the E3 endwall, the iceform endwall has a slightly higher total pressure loss attributed to higher dissipation of the secondary flow within the passage. The iceform endwall has a closer-to-design exit flow pattern than the E3 endwall.
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Kim, Doo Gun, Cem Ozturk, Jae Hyuk Shin, Jong Chang Yi, and Nadir Dagli. "Self-aligned total internal reflection mirrors with very low loss." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.2004.ithg5.

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Hegazy, Mohamed, Sunil Sharma, Khaled Fares, Ahmed ElBatran, Alok Dave, and Fady Megally. "High-Fluid-Loss, High-Strength Lost Circulation Solution for Total Losses Zones in Saudi Arabia." In SPE Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/192272-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Total loss"

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Soejima, Motsuhiro, and Masashi Nagafuji. Effect of DH-Class Low Viscosity Diesel Engine Oil on Reduction of Total Friction Loss. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0611.

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Rubin, Binyamin, James L. Topper, and Azer P. Yalin. Total and Differential Sputter Yields of Boron Nitride Measured by Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Weight Loss (Preprint). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473519.

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Luo, Pan, Fuqiang Gao, Nianfei Zhang, Hongwei Yu, Ke Xu, and Peng Xu. Evaluation of tranexamic acid after total hip arthroplasty over 60 years old in China: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0048.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid after total hip arthroplasty in patients older than 60 years old in China by meta-analysis. Participant or population: All trials included in our study meet the following criteria: (1) All studies were original RCTs; (2) The mean age of patients for each study was ≥ 60 years old; (3) Patients were received total hip arthroplasty in all studies; (4) All studies included oral and iv or topical groups, with a comparison of outcomes between the two groups; (5) The full text of the included literature can be obtained, and the measurement data of hemoglobin drop, total blood loss, transfusion rate, complication, length of stay can be extracted. The following studies were excluded from the meta-analysis: nonrandomized studies; the patients with age<60; studies not suitable with the inclusive criteria; and articles for which we were unable to obtain the full text and relevant data for pooled analysis.
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Fallik, Elazar, Robert Joly, Ilan Paran, and Matthew A. Jenks. Study of the Physiological, Molecular and Genetic Factors Associated with Postharvest Water Loss in Pepper Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593392.bard.

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The fruit of pepper (Capsicum annuum) commonly wilts (or shrivels) during postharvest storage due to rapid water loss, a condition that greatly reduces its shelf life and market value. The fact that pepper fruit are hollow, and thus have limited water content, only exacerbates this problem in pepper. The collaborators on this project completed research whose findings provided new insight into the genetic, physiological, and biochemical basis for water loss from the fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum and related Capsicum species). Well-defined genetic populations of pepper were used in this study, the first being a series of backcross F₁ and segregating F₂, F₃, and F₄ populations derived from two original parents selected for having dramatic differences in fruit water loss rate (very high and very low water loss). The secondly population utilized in these studies was a collection of 50 accessions representing world diversity in both species and cultivar types. We found that an unexpectedly large amount of variation was present in both fruit wax and cutin composition in these collections. In addition, our studies revealed significant correlations between the chemical composition of both the fruit cuticular waxes and cutin monomers with fruit water loss rate. Among the most significant were that high alkane content in fruit waxes conferred low fruit water loss rates and low permeability in fruit cuticles. In contrast, high amounts of terpenoids (plus steroidal compounds) were associated with very high fruit water loss and cuticle permeability. These results are consistent with our models that the simple straight chain alkanes pack closely together in the cuticle membrane and obstruct water diffusion, whereas lipids with more complex 3-dimensional structure (such as terpenoids) do not pack so closely, and thus increase the diffusion pathways. The backcross segregating populations were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with water loss (using DART markers, Diversity Arrays Technology LTD). These studies resulted in identification of two linked QTLs on pepper’s chromosome 10. Although the exact genetic or physiological basis for these QTLs function in water loss is unknown, the genotypic contribution in studies of near-isogenic lines selected from these backcross populations reveals a strong association between certain wax compounds, the free fatty acids and iso-alkanes. There was also a lesser association between the water loss QTLs with both fruit firmness and total soluble sugars. Results of these analyses have revealed especially strong genetic linkages between fruit water loss, cuticle composition, and two QTLs on chromosome 10. These findings lead us to further speculate that genes located at or near these QTLs have a strong influence on cuticle lipids that impact water loss rate (and possibly, whether directly or indirectly, other traits like fruit firmness and sugar content). The QTL markers identified in these studies will be valuable in the breeding programs of scientists seeking to select for low water loss, long lasting fruits, of pepper, and likely the fruits of related commodities. Further work with these newly developed genetic resources should ultimately lead to the discovery of the genes controlling these fruit characteristics, allowing for the use of transgenic breeding approaches toward the improvement of fruit postharvest shelf life.
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5

Hernández, Juan Nicolás. Revisión de los determinantes macroeconómicos del consumo total de los hogares para el caso colombiano. Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.401.

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Andrián, Leandro G., and Pablo A. Garay. Apertura comercial y crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000972.

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Clarke, Alison, Sherry Hutchinson, and Ellen Weiss. Psychosocial support for children. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv14.1003.

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Masiye Camp in Matopos National Park, and Kids’ Clubs in downtown Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, are examples of a growing number of programs in Africa and elsewhere that focus on the psychological and social needs of AIDS-affected children. Given the traumatic effects of grief, loss, and other hardships faced by these children, there is increasing recognition of the importance of programs to help them strengthen their social and emotional support systems. This Horizons Report describes findings from operations research in Zimbabwe and Rwanda that examines the psychosocial well-being of orphans and vulnerable children and ways to increase their ability to adapt and cope in the face of adversity. In these studies, a person’s psychosocial well-being refers to his/her emotional and mental state and his/her network of human relationships and connections. A total of 1,258 youth were interviewed. All were deemed vulnerable by their communities because they had been affected by HIV/AIDS and/or other factors such as severe poverty.
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Molinari, Alejo, Robert Bos, Carolina Latorre, Celia Bedoya, and María del Rosario Navia. Los reguladores y la implementación de los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento en América Latina y el Caribe. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003662.

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Los Reguladores de los servicios de Agua Potable y Saneamiento tienen gran responsabilidad en la realización de los Derechos Humanos al Agua y el Saneamiento (DHAS). ¿Hasta qué punto están siendo incorporados los DHAS en la regulación de los servicios de Agua Potable y Saneamiento de América Latina y el Caribe? Esta publicación busca identificar las tendencias en la región y las buenas prácticas que ayuden a su total incorporación.
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Piercy, Candice, Safra Altman, Todd Swannack, Carra Carrillo, Emily Russ, and John Winkelman. Expert elicitation workshop for planning wetland and reef natural and nature-based features (NNBF) futures. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41665.

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This special report discusses the outcomes of a September 2019 workshop intended to identify barriers to the consideration and implementation of natural and nature-based features (NNBF) in US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) civil works projects. A total of 23 participants representing seven USACE districts, the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), and the University of California–Santa Cruz met at USACE’s South Atlantic Division Headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, to discuss how to facilitate the implementation of NNBF into USACE project planning for wetlands and reefs using six categories: (1) site characterization, (2) engineering and design analysis, (3) life-cycle analysis, (4) economic analysis, (5) construction analysis, (6) and operation and maintenance (and monitoring). The workshop identified seven future directions in wetland and reef NNBF research and development: • Synthesize existing literature and analysis of existing projects to better define failure modes. • Determine trigger points that lead to loss of feature function. • Identify performance factors with respect to coastal storm risk management (CSRM) performance as well as ecological performance. • Focus additional research into cobenefits of NNBF. • Quantify the economic life-cycle costs of a project. • Improve technology transfer with regards to NNBF research and topics.
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Wei, Fulu, Ce Wang, Xiangxi Tian, Shuo Li, and Jie Shan. Investigation of Durability and Performance of High Friction Surface Treatment. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317281.

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) completed a total of 25 high friction surface treatment (HFST) projects across the state in 2018. This research study attempted to investigate the durability and performance of HFST in terms of its HFST-pavement system integrity and surface friction performance. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy-bauxite mortar. Field inspections were carried out to identify site conditions and common early HFST distresses. Cyclic loading test and finite element method (FEM) analysis were performed to evaluate the bonding strength between HFST and existing pavement, in particular chip seal with different pretreatments such as vacuum sweeping, shotblasting, and scarification milling. Both surface friction and texture tests were undertaken periodically (generally once every 6 months) to evaluate the surface friction performance of HFST. Crash records over a 5-year period, i.e., 3 years before installation and 2 years after installation, were examined to determine the safety performance of HFST, crash modification factor (CMF) in particular. It was found that HFST epoxy-bauxite mortar has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) significantly higher than those of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures and Portland cement concrete (PCC), and good cracking resistance. The most common early HFST distresses in Indiana are reflective cracking, surface wrinkling, aggregate loss, and delamination. Vacuum sweeping is the optimal method for pretreating existing pavements, chip seal in particular. Chip seal in good condition is structurally capable of providing a sound base for HFST. On two-lane highway curves, HFST is capable of reducing the total vehicle crash by 30%, injury crash by 50%, and wet weather crash by 44%, and providing a CMF of 0.584 in Indiana. Great variability may arise in the results of friction tests on horizontal curves by the use of locked wheel skid tester (LWST) due both to the nature of vehicle dynamics and to the operation of test vehicle. Texture testing, however, is capable of providing continuous texture measurements that can be used to calculate a texture height parameter, i.e., mean profile depth (MPD), not only for evaluating friction performance but also implementing quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) plans for HFST.
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