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1
Krueger, Kurt V., and Frank Slesnick. "Total Worklife Expectancy." Journal of Forensic Economics 25, no. 1 (2014): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/jfe.25.1.51.
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Abstract This paper appends the standard Markov increment-decrement worklife expectancy model used in forensic economics to measure the years that people perform the non-market work of taking care of their homes or families. We find that adding non-market working years to the worklife model nearly equalizes men and women's estimated lifetime total working years. The paper begins with the gender-related problems of solely using labor force worklife tables as a tort compensation determinant. We then present demographic characteristics of persons that perform full-time, non-market work. A Markov life table model that incorporates two work activities (market and non-market work) is specified—we name the sum of market and non-market working years “total worklife expectancy.” Ending the paper are examples of using total worklife expectancy as a tort compensation estimator.
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Kaya, AĞIN. "Toplam Kalite Yönetimi Ve Enstrümanlarının Kullanılmasının Önemi." ATLAS Journal International Refereed Journal On Social Sciences 8, no. 49 (2022): 2756–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7267566.
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Today, 'globalization and the new world order', developments in information and technology, political and economic blocks have revealed a new understanding of the market. This notion forces organizations to change or rehabilitate the management instruments and management approaches they use in order to improve their power and ability to compete in the global market. Organizations that apply classical, traditional and modern management approaches have tended to benefit from total quality management understanding and instruments in order to increase their competitive power and ability in global markets and to produce quality products and services. The understanding of quality in the production of products and services in global markets has come to the fore and has become a very important element for organizations. It is a necessity to use and implement total quality management practices and instruments in all kinds of organizational management and production processes. In this study, total quality management and its instruments were taken from many domestic and foreign literature databases and a general analysis was made theoretically. As a result of research and evaluation, it has been revealed that the use of total quality management concept and instruments in other organizational management systems will bring great success to organizations.
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Henney, Alex, and Greg Keers. "Managing Total Corporate Electricity/Energy Market Risks." Electricity Journal 11, no. 8 (1998): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6190(98)00083-9.
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Tournois, Laurent. "Total Market Orientation, Customer Value, And Market Performance From A Dual Perspective." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 29, no. 4 (2013): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v29i4.7923.
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Most approaches to a market orientation focus ongenerating superior value for customers. Doing so determines the strength ofthe firms competitive advantage and thus its level of performance. Thisarticle considers this causal chain from a dual perspective, that is, that ofcompanies and their customers. Data collected from 55 companies, involving 146managers and 425 consumers of branded products that these companies sell,indicate that market orientation correlates with customer value (weak link but statistically significant) butnot with a subjective measure of market performance, that is, with customersatisfaction. Moreover, perceived value affects market performance, a findingthat corroborates the theory that a business that creates value that a consumerperceives as superior will enjoy improved market performance.
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Lu, Yuhao, Shulin Wang, and Sudarshan Pillalamarri. "The Impact of Market Power on Capital Misallocation: A Total Factor Productivity Perspective." Sustainability 16, no. 23 (2024): 10407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su162310407.
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The proper allocation of corporate capital is critical to sustainable business development, and misallocation of resources can impede sustainable economic growth and competitive markets. This study investigates the relationship between market power and capital misallocation in Chinese A-share listed companies, with a novel focus on the mediating role of total factor productivity (TFP). Using a comprehensive dataset of 20,818 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2021, we employ linear regression analysis to elucidate the mechanisms through which market power influences capital allocation efficiency. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between market power and capital misallocation, with TFP partially mediating this relationship. Specifically, a one-unit increase in the market power index is associated with a 1.106 unit decrease in TFP, and a 0.028 unit increase in the capital misallocation, indicating potential threats to long-term sustainability. This effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, firms located in eastern regions, and those without shareholdings in financial institutions. These results contribute to the literature on market structure and resource allocation by providing empirical evidence of the detrimental effects of market power on capital allocation efficiency, operating through the channel of reduced productivity. Our findings have important implications for policymakers and firm managers, suggesting the need for targeted antitrust measures, promotion of market competition, and strategies to enhance TFP. This research advances our understanding of the complex interplay between market power, productivity, and capital allocation in emerging economies, offering valuable insights for addressing market failures, improving allocative efficiency and actively promoting sustainable business and sustainable socio-economic development in the Chinese context.
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Desriani M. J. U. Pati, Mustakim Sahdan, Cathrin W. D. Geghi, and Agus Setyobudi. "Gambaran Kondisi Kesehatan Lingkungan Pasar dan Tingkat Kepadatan Lalat di Pasar Tradisional Kota Kupang." Vitamin : Jurnal ilmu Kesehatan Umum 3, no. 1 (2024): 46–56. https://doi.org/10.61132/vitamin.v3i1.926.
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Health checks in the market are an effort to determine the condition of a clean, safe, comfortable and healthy market environment. An unhealthy market will increase the density of flies which will have an impact on the transmission of fly-based diseases in the market. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the health conditions of the market environment and the density of flies in the Traditional Markets of Kupang City. The type and design of the research used was descriptive research with a survey method. This research was conducted at the Traditional Markets of Kupang City in September-October 2024. The population in this study was the Traditional Markets in Kupang City. The samples in this study were Oebobo Market, Kasih Naikoten Market and Oeba Market. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, The results of the study showed that from 124 assessment variables obtained a total score of yes for Oebobo Market of 58 (46.77%), a total score of yes for Kasih Naikoten Market of 50 (40.32%) and a total score of yes for Oeba Market 44 (35.48%) with the third category of markets not meeting the requirements of a healthy market and the results of measuring the level of fly density at the Kupang City Traditional Market with each Market 3 points determined namely Meat Stall, Raw Fish Stall and Trash bin at Oebobo Market obtained an average fly density of 6 tails/blockgrill, at Kasih Naikoten Market the average fly density was 10 tails/blockgrill and at Oeba Market the average fly density was 9 tails/blockgrill with a high fly density category. Therefore, cooperation is needed between the government and the local community to maintain each other and create a healthy and clean market environment to avoid disease.
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Derinkuyu, Kursad, Fehmi Tanrisever, Nermin Kurt, and Gokhan Ceyhan. "Optimizing Day-Ahead Electricity Market Prices: Increasing the Total Surplus for Energy Exchange Istanbul." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 22, no. 4 (2020): 700–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0767.
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Problem definition: We design a combinatorial auction to clear the Turkish day-ahead electricity market, and we develop effective tabu search and genetic algorithms to solve the problem of matching bidders and maximizing social welfare within a reasonable amount of time for practical purposes. Academic/practical relevance: A double-sided blind combinatorial auction is used to determine electricity prices for day-ahead markets in Europe. Considering the integer requirements associated with market participants’ bids and the nonlinear social welfare objective, a complicated problem arises. In Turkey, the total number of bids reaches 15,000, and this large problem needs to be solved within minutes every day. Given the practical time limit, solving this problem with standard optimization packages is not guaranteed, and therefore, heuristic algorithms are needed to quickly obtain a high-quality solution. Methodology: We use nonlinear mixed-integer programming and tabu search and genetic algorithms. We analyze the performance of our algorithms by comparing them with solutions commercially available to the market operator. Results: We provide structural results to reduce the problem size and then develop customized heuristics by exploiting the problem structure in the day-ahead market. Our algorithms are guaranteed to generate a feasible solution, and Energy Exchange Istanbul has been using them since June 2016, increasing its surplus by 448,418 Turkish liras (US$128,119) per day and 163,672,570 Turkish liras (US$46,763,591) per year, on average. We also establish that genetic algorithms work better than tabu search for the Turkish day-ahead market. Managerial implications: We deliver a practical tool using innovative optimization techniques to clear the Turkish day-ahead electricity market. We also modify our model to handle similar European day-ahead markets and show that performances of our heuristics are robust under different auction designs.
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Williams, Colin C. "Beyond the market/non‐market divide: a total social organisation of labour perspective." International Journal of Social Economics 37, no. 6 (2010): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068291011042292.
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Khan, Muhammad Arsalan, Sigit Kurnianto, and Atiqa Malik. "The legacy of the dot-com bubble: Financial lessons on speculation and fundamentals." JEMA: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Akuntansi dan Manajemen 21, no. 2 (2024): 260–80. https://doi.org/10.31106/jema.v21i2.22860.
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The dot-com bubble burst in the early 2000s marked a pivotal moment in financial market history, revealing the dominance of speculative investment behavior over traditional financial fundamentals. This study revisits the dot-com bubble era, focusing on the relationship between key financial metrics (total sales, total assets, net income, total debt, and share price) during a period of intense market speculation. By analyzing these fundamental indicators, the study provides insights that are still relevant modern speculative trends driven by technologies like AI, blockchain, and the metaverse. Examining 30 U.S. companies during the dot-com bubble (1995–2001) and its aftermath (2001–2011) using multiple regression analysis and the Wilcoxon test, we find that total sales, net income, and total debt positively influenced share prices, while total assets had a negative impact. These findings suggest that investor optimism prioritizes growth, profitability, and aggressive financing during speculative periods over traditional indicators like asset size, which are often associated with slower-moving business models. The Wilcoxon test further reveals significant differences in median stock prices between the bubble and post-bubble periods, underscoring the valuation shifts driven by speculative and fundamental factors. By examining historical market behaviors, this study highlights the lasting importance of aligning speculative enthusiasm with financial fundamentals, providing valuable lessons for understanding speculative markets.
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Sohag, Kazi, Rogneda Vasilyeva, Alina Urazbaeva, and Valentin Voytenkov. "Stock Market Synchronization: The Role of Geopolitical Risk." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, no. 5 (2022): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15050204.
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Given the importance of stock market synchronization for international portfolio diversification, we estimate the degrees of co-movements among US, Chinese and Russian markets. By applying the TVP-VAR approach, we measure total and bivariate synchronization indices utilizing daily data from 1998 to 2021. Our analysis demonstrates that the total connectedness index (TCI) is 26.15% among the three markets. We find that the US market is the highest volatility contributor, whereas the Russian market is the highest receiver. Since stock market synchronization is exposed to geopolitical risk, at the second stage, we apply the Quantile-on-Quantile framework to measure the response of total and bilateral connectedness indices to geopolitical risk (GPR). The findings affirm our proposition that GPR impedes TCI when it has a bullish state and a higher quantile of GPR. The response of bilateral connectedness is negative towards GPR concerning US–China and US–Russian pairs. However, the degree of connectedness between Russian and Chinese stock markets is less responsive to GPR.
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Chong, Vincent K., and Michael J. Rundus. "Total quality management, market competition and organizational performance." British Accounting Review 36, no. 2 (2004): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2003.10.006.
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Pinho, Carlos, and Isabel Maldonado. "Commodity and Equity Markets: Volatility and Return Spillovers." Commodities 1, no. 1 (2022): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/commodities1010003.
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The present paper provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between shocks to commodity markets and stock markets. By employing a total volatility connectedness measure, we study the relationship between shocks to oil, gold, copper, and agricultural commodity markets and emerging and developed stock markets. We conduct a connectivity analysis in the time and frequency domain to quantify market linkages using volatility spillovers over the period from 2004 to 2021. In addition, we analyze the spillovers of returns in these markets over the same period. The results suggest that both on volatility and returns spillovers, slightly more than 35% of the total variance of forecast errors is explained by shocks to markets during the period January 2004 to June 2021. We also show that, in terms of both volatility and returns, the contribution of equity market shocks to other markets is substantially more important than that of commodities; however, our analysis reveals that the total link between market returns is larger in the short run than in the long run, while in the case of volatility, the long-run frequencies concentrate the market link. Additionally, we use dynamic analysis to assess both the time evolution of total connectivity and all directional partial connectivity between markets. Our results show that both volatility and return linkages change significantly over time and that a set of events has a significant impact on them.
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Wang, Yu, Xiaoxuan Zhang, and Pengwei Cong. "Analysis of the synergistic effect between energy use rights market and carbon emission rights market." E3S Web of Conferences 628 (2025): 02016. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562802016.
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The control of total energy consumption and intensity, as well as total carbon emissions and intensity, is a key institutional design to serve the national carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. To promote the establishment of a dual control system for carbon emissions, a series of supporting measures and institutional tools are needed. The construction of energy use rights market and carbon emission rights market in China is an exploration of market-oriented energy conservation and emission reduction mechanisms. Both are based on total quantity control and utilize secondary trading markets to redistribute scarce factor rights and interests. Under the dual control of carbon emissions, energy trading can still control emissions from the source end, while carbon emissions trading strengthens technological applications from the end. Both are key policy tools for addressing climate change and promoting green development. If two markets operate in synergy and address the issues of repeated incentives and regulations, it can improve emission reduction efficiency and reduce emission reduction costs. This article establishes a quantitative analysis model to prospectively study the synergistic relationship between the energy use rights market and the carbon emission rights market.
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Chapman, Steven, Krishna Jafa, Kim Longfield, et al. "Condom social marketing in sub-Saharan Africa and the Total Market Approach." Sexual Health 9, no. 1 (2012): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh10165.
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Background Social marketing interventions are important in developing nations. Both increasing use and shifting users from receiving subsidised condoms need to be pursued using a Total Market Approach (TMA). This paper reviews the performance of social marketing through a cross-country comparison of condom use, equity and market share, plus a case study illustrating how TMA can be applied. Methods: Demographic and Health Survey data (1998–2007) provide condom use trends, concentration indices and sources of supply by gender for 11 African countries. Service delivery information and market research provide market share data for the same period. For the case study, two-yearly surveys (2001–09) are the source of condom trends, and retail audit data (2007–09) provide sustainability data. Results: Among women, condom use with a non-marital, non-cohabiting partner increased significantly in 7 of 11 countries. For men, 5 of 11 countries showed an increase in condom use. Equity improved for men in five countries and was achieved in two; for women, equity improved in three. Most obtained condoms from shops and pharmacies; social marketing was the dominant source of supply. Data from Kenya were informative for TMA, showing improvements in condom use over time, but sustainability results were mixed and equity was not measured. Overall market value and number of brands increased; however, subsidies increased over time. Conclusions: Condom social marketing interventions have advanced and achieved the goals of improving use and making condoms available in the private sector. It is time to manage interventions and influence markets to improve equity and sustainability.
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Avelini Holjevac, Ivanka. "Total quality management for the hotel industry and tourism." Tourism and hospitality management 2, no. 1 (1996): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.2.1.8.
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Quality today is a fundamental factor for market survival, competitiveness and profitability. Strategic business planning is based on a TQM system. Quality is not produced, it is a management tool. Development of quality in developed economic countries has shown that quality is something which is built, developed and constantly enhanced. The system TQM is totally market oriented, buyer-led, as the process starts with the buyer (what he wants) and finishes with the buyer (a satisfied buyer). This is a cycle consisting of five basic activities: planning quality, realising quality, evaluating quality, achieving quality and improving quality, which is being constantly repeated. The advantages of introducing TQM for the service sector, tourism and hotel industry are big, both economically and socially. Poor business productivity and unsatisfactory quality of the product and service are weaknesses of Croatia's economy. Ahead lies the process of learning and introducing TQM for our economy, as this is a condition and necessity for inclusion into world business trends and world markets.
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Brown, Cheryl, Stacy M. Miller, Deborah A. Boone, Harry N. Boone, Stacy A. Gartin, and Thomas R. McConnell. "The importance of farmers' markets for West Virginia direct marketers." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22, no. 1 (2007): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170507001561.
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AbstractIn the winter of 2004–2005, over 300 of West Virginia's farmers' market vendors were surveyed with regard to sales levels, promotional techniques and operational characteristics such as hours worked, types of products produced and length of season. Vendors were categorized based on part-time, full-time or retired status, and full-time farmers, both with and without off-farm jobs, were found to be distinct from part-time and retired vendors with respect to 2004 total farmers' market sales and the percentage of household income from farmers' markets. Econometric analysis [ordinary least squares (OLS)] was performed to identify the impact of explanatory variables on total farmers' market sales, percentage of household income from farmers' market sales and amount of household income from farmers' market sales. Independent variables such as bargaining, cost-plus pricing, selling at markets outside West Virginia and providing print materials were found to have a positive impact on annual sales. The number of products produced, distance traveled to market and number of weeks at market were also positively related to the percentage of income obtained from farmers' market sales. Both part-time and retired producers received a lower percentage of household income from farmers' markets relative to full-time producers. Retired and part-time, along with limited-resource vendors (with annual household income less than $20,000) were also found to have lower total sales in the 2004 season. Identifying the characteristics associated with greater farmers' market sales and a higher reliance on such sales for household income will help in the sustained success of markets as engines of economic development and small farm viability.
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Ohuoba, Elizabeth Ugbede, Thomas M. Okonkwo, Isah Laisi Rashidi, et al. "Microbiological Evaluation of Fresh Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Obtained from Selected Markets and Ponds in Minna Metropolis." European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 15, no. 4 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i41301.
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This research aimed at evaluating the microbiological quality of fresh catfish (Clarias gariepinus) sold in three different markets and ponds in Minna metropolis. The total plate counts from Bosso pond are 2.7 × 102 cfu/mL and 3.8 × 102 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively. Kure pond includes total plate counts of 4.7 × 103 cfu/mL and 3.3 × 102 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively while Mobil pond had total plate counts of 2.5 × 103 cfu/mL and 2.5 × 102 cfu/mL on skin and gills respectively. The total coliforms counts from Bosso pond are 3.8 × 102 cfu/mL and 3.0 × 101 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively. Kure pond includes total coliforms counts of 2.4 × 102 cfu/mL and 2.6 × 102 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively while Mobil pond had total coliforms counts of 4.6 × 103 cfu/mL and 3.2 × 104 cfu/mL on skin and gills respectively. The coliforms count of fresh catfish (Clarias gariepinus) obtained from three markets locations are total coliforms counts from Bosso market are 5.6 × 104 cfu/mL and 4.0 × 105 cfu/mL (Unsatisfactory) for skin and gills respectively. Kure market includes total coliforms counts of 1.6 × 103 cfu/mL and 7.2 × 103 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively while Mobil market had total coliforms counts of 6.0 × 104 cfu/mL and 4.8 × 104 cfu/mL (Marginal) on skin and gills respectively.
 The fungal count of fresh catfish (Clarias gariepinus) obtained from three markets locations are Bosso market 1.3 × 102 cfu/mL and 1.5 × 101 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively. Kure market 2.0 × 103 cfu/mL and 1.0 × 102 cfu/mL (satisfactory) for skin and gills respectively while Mobil market had total fungal counts of 1.7 × 104 cfu/mL and 1.7 × 102 cfu/mL on skin and gills respectively.
 The following bacteria were isolated Escherichia coli, Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species, Streptococcus species, Shigella species and Enterobacter species. The fungi isolated were Rhizopus spp and Aspergillus niger.
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Mahutga, Matthew C. "Theoretical Holism in the Sociology of Development." Sociology of Development 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2016.2.1.1.
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In this article, I apply Alderson and Nielsen's (1999) holistic approach to the sociology of development by revisiting the consequences of private markets and foreign direct investment (FDI) for earnings inequality during postsocialist transition. I begin by arguing that FDI increases the pace of private market expansion and thereby affects inequality through an indirect causal pathway unrecognized in the literature. The total effect of FDI thus depends in part on how private markets drive distributional change. I then introduce a maturation thesis to reconcile debates over the distributional consequences of private markets, where private markets first reduce and then increase inequality. If FDI increases the pace of private market expansion and if the distributional consequences of private markets increase as they expand, then FDI's total effect on inequality should grow with the expansion of private markets. Evidence drawn from a time-series crosssection regression analysis of earnings inequality among 18 transition countries supports this intervention. FDI increases the pace of private market expansion, and the effect of private markets changes from negative to positive as private markets expand. Thus the total effect of FDI increases with the size of the private market. I conclude by implicating these findings in debates about postsocialist transition and the sociology of development more generally.
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Gousgounis, Eleni, Scott Mixon, Tugkan Tuzun, and Clara Vega. "Market Liquidity in Treasury Futures Market During March 2020." Finance and Economics Discussion Series, no. 2025-038 (May 2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.2025.038.
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We study the behavior of liquidity providers and liquidity consumers in the 10-year U.S. Treasury futures market during the height of the COVID-19 shock in March 2020, a period of market turmoil when demand for liquidity was high. In March 2020, PTFs reduced their volume of liquidity providing trades as a share of total trading volume. However, they still accounted for the lion share of total liquidity provision and their liquidity provision improved market liquidity. In contrast, dealers (banks and non-banks) increased their volume of liquidity providing trades as a share of total trading volume, but their activity did not have a large effect on overall liquidity. Among the traders that place liquidity consuming trades, asset managers had the largest impact on liquidity by increasing transaction costs. Despite a significant attention to the role of basis traders in the Treasury market disruption of March 2020, we do not find evidence for basis traders being important drivers of disruption in Treasury futures market.
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Shah, Dr Manita D., Diyaa D, and Mohammed Adnan. "Dynamic Linkages Between U.S and Indian Equity Markets: An Empirical Study." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 11 (2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem38500.
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In this study, we investigate the dynamic linkages between US and Indian equity markets by examining the daily Total Return Index values of NIFTY 50 and NASDAQ Composite over a decade ending October 2024. While the indices are not found to be cointegrated, suggesting potential long-term diversification benefits, they exhibit significant short-term correlations. Through various statistical analyses including regression, correlation, and variance tests, we find strong positive associations between the markets, with NASDAQ Composite movements explaining approximately 89% of variations in NIFTY 50 Total Return Index (TRI). The study reveals distinct volatility patterns, with the Indian market showing higher price fluctuations but stronger absolute growth compared to its US counterpart. Despite the strong correlation, both markets maintain unique characteristics influenced by their respective economic fundamentals. The findings demonstrate the evolving nature of market integration between developed and emerging economies, offering valuable insights for international portfolio diversification strategies and risk management in an increasingly interconnected global financial system. Keywords: Market Integration, Volatility Spillover, Portfolio Diversification, Stock Market Returns, Emerging Markets, Cross-market Correlation
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Afrin, S., MM Hossain, M. Khan, and MD Hossain. "Microbial assessment of beef in selected areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 46, no. 4 (2018): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v46i4.36965.
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This study was conducted to evaluate microbial load of beef meat during handling and selling in market. Total 12 samples were collected from K.R market, Sheshmore market, Kewatkhali bazaar and Mymensingh Sadar market. These samples were subjected to determine Total Viable Count (TVC), Total Coliform Count (TCC) and Total Yeast and Mould Count (TYMC) by using standard protocol at 0 hr, 2hrs and 5hrs time intarvel. The microbial counts of beef at different markets were high but there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among the markets. In every cases with the increased of time interval all types of microbial count increased significantly (p<o.o1) than the initial time. Microbial contamination of beef occurs as plant workers and machinery repeatedly touch contaminated surfaces and the carcass. Thoughtful design of operating procedures, especially for flaying and evisceration, can greatly reduce this problem. Frequent washing and sanitizing of hands, tools, and machinery is required in order to remove bacteria before they reach the exposed surface of the carcass.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (4): 244-248
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Ivanna Gordi, Jendri Mamangkey, and Marina Silalahi. "The diversity of vegetable and fruit fresh traded in the traditional and modern markets in the Bekasi, West Java and its potential." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 20, no. 1 (2022): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.20.1.0284.
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The market is a place for buying and selling food plants and rich in information of plant utilization, including vegetables and fruit. This study aims to explain the diversity of vegetable and fruit plants that are traded in traditional and modern markets in the Harapan Indah area, Bekasi, West Java. A total of 67 respondents were interviewed and surveyed in two markets (traditional market and modern market). A total 60 species of vegetable and fruit fresh have been sold in traditional markets and only 43 species in modern markets. Most of the plants belonging Brassicaceae (7 species), Cucurbitaceae (7 species) and Fabaceae (6 species). The part used dominated of fruits (40 species) and followed leaves (18 species). There are far fewer types of fresh fruit traded in the Harapan Indah market in Bekasi (37%) compared to vegetables (67%). The Gnetum gnemom and Artocarpus heterophyllus are very potential to be developed into culinary based on local wisdom as well as nutraceutical.
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Burda, Michael C., and Stefanie Seele. "Reevaluating the German labor market miracle." German Economic Review 21, no. 2 (2020): 139–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ger-054-19.
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AbstractFrom 2003 to 2018, employment in Germany increased by 7.3 million, or by 19.3 % – growth not observed since unification. This “labor market miracle” was marked by a persistent and significant expansion of both part-time and low-wage jobs and a deterioration in pay for these jobs, while total hours hardly increased; overall wage growth returned only after 2011. These developments followed in the wake of the landmark Hartz reforms (2003–2005). A modified framework of Katz and Murphy (1992) predicts negative correlation of wages with both relative employment and participation across cells in the period following these reforms. In contrast, wage moderation alone should generate positive association of wages and participation. Our findings are most consistent with a persistent, positive labor supply shock at given working-age population in a cleared labor market. An alternative perspective of labor markets, the search and matching model, also points to the Hartz IV reforms as the central driver of the German labor market miracle.
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Živković, Aleksandra. "Interdependence of stock exchange indicators and GDP in selected Balkan countries." Ekonomija: teorija i praksa 14, no. 3 (2021): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/etp2103044q.
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Stock markets and the level of their development have a great impact on economic growth. The purpose of this research is to empirically determine if there is interdependence between gross domestic product and (1) total turnover and (2) market capitalization in analyzed stock markets. By analyzing the ratio between total turnover and market capitalization into gross domestic product, the level of liquidity and activity of these stock markets can be determined, which enables the comparison of analyzed stock markets based on the mentioned financial indicators. This research included Zagreb, Ljubljana, Montenegro and the Bucharest stock market - in the period 2011-2019. The obtained results show that the analyzed markets are small and not developed, with a low level of activity and liquidity and they indicate the presence of interdependence between gross domestic product and the mentioned financial indicators.
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Lesame, Keagile, Elie Bouri, David Gabauer, and Rangan Gupta. "On the Dynamics of International Real-Estate-Investment Trust-Propagation Mechanisms: Evidence from Time-Varying Return and Volatility Connectedness Measures." Entropy 23, no. 8 (2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23081048.
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In this paper, we investigate the time-varying interconnectedness of international Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) markets using daily REIT prices in twelve major REIT countries since the Global Financial Crisis. We construct dynamic total, net total and net pairwise return and volatility connectedness measures to better understand systemic risk and the transmission of shocks across REIT markets. Our findings show that that REIT market interdependence is dynamic and increases significantly during times of heightened uncertainty, including the COVID-19 pandemic. We also find that the US REIT market along with major European REITs are generally sources of shocks to Asian-Pacific REIT markets. Furthermore, US REITs appear to dominate European REITs. These findings highlight that portfolio diversification opportunities decline during times of market uncertainty.
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Abbas, Musarat, Muhammad Mansha, and Saeed ur Rahman. "Evaluating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Daily Market Return in Pakistan Stock Exchange." iRASD Journal of Economics 5, no. 2 (2023): 408–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/joe.2023.0502.0136.
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The capital markets are highly interconnected in the modern economic system, and it is one of the most vulnerable sectors to any financial and natural disaster occurring around the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic not only affects the capital market of the host nation but also creates problems in other parts of the world’s capital markets as well. The main objective of this event study is to empirically analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the daily stock market returns in Pakistan, which is a fast-growing and emerging market in South Asia. For this, we used secondary data to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 in different dimensions i.e., total cases, new cases, total deaths, new deaths, and the positive rate on the daily stock returns of 531 listed companies in the Pakistan stock exchange over the period of March 2020 to November 2021. For stationarity of the variables, we applied an augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test. The results of the study obtained through ARCH family regression estimation revealed that the total number of cases, new cases, and the positive rate are negatively affecting the stock market returns in Pakistan while the total deaths and new deaths are positively affecting the stock market returns during the pandemic.
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Balqis, Sitti Bahira, Harry Budiantoro, and Dinda Oktavia. "Enhancing the Appeal: Impact of Economic Value, Market Value, Return Equity, and Total Assets Turnover on Stock Prices." Research of Finance and Banking 2, no. 1 (2024): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.58777/rfb.v2i1.213.
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This research aims to determine the influence of economic value added, market value added, return on equity, and total asset turnover on stock prices. The population in this study was companies that were included in the LQ45 index, and the companies selected as research samples were 22 companies. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing using the t-test and determination test. The research results show that partial economic value added and total asset turnover do not affect stock prices; market value added has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, while return on equity has a negative and significant effect on stock prices. Managerial implications, emphasizing the significance of enhancing economic value, market value, ROE, and total assets turnover to drive stock price performance. Managers should focus on strategies that improve these metrics and enhance shareholder value and market competitiveness. Understanding the interplay between economic values. Total assets turnover is vital for effective managerial decision-making in the stock market realm. This study delves into the implications of these factors on stock prices for managers navigating the complexities of financial markets
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Aulia, Sabilla Ananda, Dwi Sutiningsih, Henry Setyawan, and Ari Udiyono. "Keberadaan Residu Tetrasiklin pada Daging Ayam Broiler di Kabupaten Kudus (Studi di Pasar Tradisional dan Pasar Modern Tahun 2019)." Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas 8, no. 1 (2023): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v8i1.6918.
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Background: One of the causes of antibiotic resistance is the presence of antibiotic residues in livestock, one of which is broiler chicken meat. Excessive use of antibiotics and not in accordance with the diagnosis will result in the discovery of antibiotic residue content in chicken meat and will endanger public health. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the antibiotic residues of tetracycline in broiler chicken meat sold in traditional and modern markets in Jati District, Kudus Regency.Methods: This type of research is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples in this study were all broiler chicken meat sold in traditional markets (Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, and Baru Market) and in the modern Hypermart market with a total sample of 78 samples of broiler chicken meat taken with total population sampling technique. Sample testing was carried out at Balai Veteriner Boyolali using the Bioassay method.Result: Based on the results of the study, there is no tetracycline antibiotic residues were found in 78 (100%) broiler chicken meats sold in the Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, Baru Market, and Hypermart.Conclusion : There is no tetracycline antibiotic residues were found in broiler chicken meat sold in the Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, Baru Market, and Hypermart.
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Gao, Feng-Wei, Yi-Min Wu, Ding Chen, and Meng-Yao Hu. "The Spillover Effect among CET Market, Coal Market, and New Energy Market for Dual-Carbon Target: New Evidence from China." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2023 (April 19, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5126128.
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The spillover effect of the energy markets and the CET plays an important role in guiding the realization of two-carbon target; using the network spillover methodology of Diebold, Yilmaz, Jozef Barunı´k, and Toma´sKrehlı´k, we examine both the static and dynamic connectedness of CO2 emissions trading (CET) market, steam coal market, new energy, and traditional energy market in China from early Dec 2013 to the end of July 2021. At last, we verified the stability of the model and obtained the following findings: (1) the total spillover effect index is 13.91% between those markets, and it is mainly focused on short term. Moreover, the dynamic spillover effect is time-varying, and it is greatly influenced by the domestic and international environment; (2) the connectedness of the CET market with other energy markets is neutral, the development of new energy market is strong, it is the main transmitter to other markets, especially to the traditional energy market except for the steam coal market, and the coal market is an effect transmitter. These results provide a theoretical reference for investors and policy makers who are concerned with the return connectedness among the CET market, new energy market, and steam coal market in China.
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Lee, Kyung-Keun, Jae-Hun Jung, and Jae-Bum Jun. "Relationship between Idiosyncratic Risk and Total Rate of Return: Focused on Seoul Office Market." Korea Real Estate Policy Association 24, no. 1 (2023): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54091/krepa.2023.24.1.22.
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In this paper, the excess ROI(Return on Investment) and SCL(Security Characteristic Line) ofthe Seoul office market by region are driven based on the ROI of the Seoul office market and CD(91days) rate of return(quarterly), then with this, idiosyncratic risk is extracted, and the idiosyncraticrisk-excess rate of return on investment relationship in the office market by district is analyzed. Finally,the results driven from this study is as follows; 1) Regarding the idiosyncratic risk-excess ROIrelationship by district in Seoul, the CBD shows a low risk-low return tendency, and the YBD showsa high risk-high return. Moreover, in the case of total risk-return, the risk of the ETC is higher thanthat of the GBD, but the idiosyncratic risk is lower than that of the GBD, showing different risk-returncharacteristics depending on the type of risk. 2) As to the idiosyncratic risk-excess investment returnrelationship by district in Seoul, although all districts are markets affected by idiosyncratic risk, thegrowth rate in excess return compared to idiosyncratic risk are different. 3) The excess return oninvestment/idiosyncratic risk by district differs according to the growth rate in office buildings’ salesprice, and no change in the excess return on investment per idiosyncratic risk due to the increase inNOI could be confirmed in all district but YBD. Finally, this paper is meaningful in that it verifies theexistence of idiosyncratic risk in the Seoul office market and the statistical significance betweenidiosyncratic risk-return on investment, and derives related implications through a comprehensiveanalysis relevant to the market situation.
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Lee, Kyung-Keun, Jae-Hun Jung, and Jae-Bum Jun. "Relationship between Idiosyncratic Risk and Total Rate of Return: Focused on Seoul Office Market." Korea Real Estate Policy Association 24, no. 1 (2023): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54091/krepa.2023.24.1.21.
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In this paper, the excess ROI(Return on Investment) and SCL(Security Characteristic Line) ofthe Seoul office market by region are driven based on the ROI of the Seoul office market and CD(91days) rate of return(quarterly), then with this, idiosyncratic risk is extracted, and the idiosyncraticrisk-excess rate of return on investment relationship in the office market by district is analyzed. Finally,the results driven from this study is as follows; 1) Regarding the idiosyncratic risk-excess ROIrelationship by district in Seoul, the CBD shows a low risk-low return tendency, and the YBD showsa high risk-high return. Moreover, in the case of total risk-return, the risk of the ETC is higher thanthat of the GBD, but the idiosyncratic risk is lower than that of the GBD, showing different risk-returncharacteristics depending on the type of risk. 2) As to the idiosyncratic risk-excess investment returnrelationship by district in Seoul, although all districts are markets affected by idiosyncratic risk, thegrowth rate in excess return compared to idiosyncratic risk are different. 3) The excess return oninvestment/idiosyncratic risk by district differs according to the growth rate in office buildings’ salesprice, and no change in the excess return on investment per idiosyncratic risk due to the increase inNOI could be confirmed in all district but YBD. Finally, this paper is meaningful in that it verifies theexistence of idiosyncratic risk in the Seoul office market and the statistical significance betweenidiosyncratic risk-return on investment, and derives related implications through a comprehensiveanalysis relevant to the market situation.
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Podedworna-Tarnowska, Dorota. "A New Approach to Underpricing Phenomenon in Poland." Finanse i Prawo Finansowe, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2391-6478.s2.2023.06.
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The purpose of the article/hypothesis. The purpose of the article is to identify and assess the underpricing of initial public offerings in Poland on the regulated and alternative markets, considering the division of total underpricing into primary underpricing and secondary underpricing. The study also takes into account different types of IPOs (cold, neutral and hot). Such an approach to measuring underpricing based on the data coming from both the regulated market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange and the alternative market – NewConnect, is pioneering on the Polish market.
 Methodology. The statistical analysis covers 271 companies debuting on the regulated market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2022 and 585 companies debuting on the alternative market between 2007 and 2022. Total underpricing was divided into primary underpricing and secondary underpricing. All IPOs were split into cold, hot, and neutral offerings according to the secondary underpricing. T-tests for estimating the significance of the rate of returns were conducted for both the regulated and alternative markets. The correlations were estimated using Pearson’s index.
 Results of the research. The results of the analysis show that in Poland, the IPO underpricing occurring on the primary market is significantly positive, representing the remuneration of subscribers for participating in the initial public offering. Moreover, it is higher for an IPO on the alternative market than on the regulated market. In contrast, returns calculated from opening prices to closing prices on the first day of trading are negative in both markets, with lower returns in the NewConnect market. The average primary underpricing for cold IPOs is higher than for hot IPOs for both the regulated and alternative markets. Average secondary underpricing is negative for cold IPOs and positive for hot IPOs on both the regulated market and NewConnect. Furthermore, there is a significant positive correlation between primary and total underpricing regardless the hotness of the IPOs and a positive significant correlation between primary and secondary underpricing occurs only for hot offers while for cold offers it is negative.
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Batrancea, Larissa M., and Alin Fetita. "Empirical Research Study on the Determinants of Market Indicators for 41 Financial Institutions." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, no. 2 (2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020078.
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Economic development must consider the evolution of the banking system in general, and the evolution of individual banks on capital markets in particular. As these financial institutions are catalysts for national economies and economic development, studying the main determinants of their market indicators is both timely and important. This research investigated the impact of various financial ratios on market indicators for a sample of 41 financial institutions during the period of Q4 2013–Q4 2021. The empirical results showed that market indicators were mainly influenced by ratios such as return on assets, total debt to assets ratio, and total debt to total capital. In light of these results, management teams in the banking system are called upon to monitor aspects related to bank revenue and bank performance with the purpose of obtaining solid market indicators and attracting potential stock market investors. Relevant policy implications regarding the market performance of listed financial institutions are also addressed.
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Kasper, Larry J. "Total Beta—A Capital Market Analysis with Empirical Evidence." Business Valuation Review 32, no. 4 (2013): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/bvr-d-13-00004.1.
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Ray, Margaret A. "Total Quality Management in Economic Education: Defining the Market." Journal of Economic Education 27, no. 3 (1996): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220485.1996.10844917.
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Humphreys, Michael A., Michael R. Williams, and Ronald L. Meier. "Leveraging the Total Market Offering in the Agile Enterprise." Quality Management Journal 5, no. 1 (1997): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10686967.1997.11918835.
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Christodoulidis, Emilios. "The European Court of Justice and “Total Market” Thinking." German Law Journal 14, no. 10 (2013): 2005–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002613.
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The controversial decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the quartet of cases that are grouped under its “Laval/Viking jurisprudence” are rapidly becoming entrenched as a key dimension of the European Union (EU) constitutional imaginary. This comes with a certain “immunization” against challenge as they become much harder to treat as mistakes. In their elevated status they have aligned stances and expectational structures. They have also had significant impact on the “Nordic” models; Charles Woolfson shows, for example, how subsequent to the European Court of Justice (ECJ) decision, the rulings of the Swedish Labour court has “seem[ed] to confirm that the ‘Swedish model' has, at the very least, been significantly redefined, if not fundamentally altered, in the light of Laval.” While EU lawyers largely sit it out in relative passivity, wondering what the fuss is really about, labor lawyers have been vocal in their disagreement. But the latter's voices in this debate—if we can call it such—have in turn been drowned out by the ululations of lawyers and theorists from the “new,” post-2004, EU countries loudly proclaiming a victory against the arrogance of the older Member States. If the workers of the Baltic states want to sell their labor—and their life—cheap, goes the “inclusionary” argument, why should they be constrained from doing so under protectionist regulatory policies that undercut their competitive advantage by those unwilling to rein in the exclusionary structures of social protection that limit access and opportunity for their workforce to join the Continent-wide economy? The massive impact that the decisions have had on the regulation of industrial relations in the countries of the European Union and on the position of the trade unions has hardly been ameliorated by the debacle that was the rapid withdrawal of the proposed Monti II Regulation in the face of resistance to it by national parliaments.
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Ray, Margaret A. "Total Quality Management in Economic Education: Defining the Market." Journal of Economic Education 27, no. 3 (1996): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1183299.
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Sultana, Mst Tasmim, Ashrifa Akter Mukta, Lita Biswas, and Md Masud Rana. "Microbiological Quality Assessment of Marketed Broiler Meat in Different Markets of Dhaka City." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 7, no. 2 (2020): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v7i2.48866.
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The present research work was undertaken to assess the bacterial quality and to know the prevalence of zoonotic bacteria from broiler meat samples sold in Krishi market, Bihari camp market, Agargaon market, Taltola market and SAU (Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University) mini bazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to May 2018. After processing of samples primary culture was done in nutrient broth and nutrient agar media then pure culture was obtained from different selective media. Total Viable Count (TVC), Total Coliform Count (TCC) and Total Salmonella Count (TSC) in broiler meat of different broiler markets were determined. Mean of TVC, TCC and TSC for the Krishi market, Agargoan market, Taltola market, Bihari camp market and SAU Mini market were 5.67, 4.32, 2.96 log10 CFU/g, 5.88, 4.64, 3.56 log10 CFU/g, 6.10, 4.68, 3.78 log10 CFU/g, 6.68,4.87, 3.84 log10 CFU/g and 5.84, 4.25, 3.13 log10 CFU/g respectively. The prevalence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Were 74% and 42% respectively. E. coli isolates were showed sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (91.6%), Gentamycin (87.5%), Azithromycin (66.66%), and Tetracycline (58%) and resistant to Penicillin (79.16%) then Amoxycillin (75%), Streptomycin (75%) and Ampicillin (58.3%). Highest resistant pattern was showed by Tetracycline (58%), Streptomycin (72.72%), Penicillin (72.72%) and Amoxycillin (63.63%). Highest resistant pattern showed by Amoxycillin (71.42%) and Penicillin (71.42%). This study revealed that broiler meat sold at some local markets of Dhaka city were contaminated with multiple species of multidrug resistant bacteria which may risk for human health.
 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 261-266, August 2020
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Tuhumury, Fiyogi Derandy Alfarego, Martha Kaihena, and Cecelia Anna Seumahu. "Analisa Total Bakteri Salmonella spp. pada Produk Ikan Cakalang Asap yang Dijual pada Beberapa Pasar di Kota Ambon." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 10, no. 2 (2022): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v10i2.5901.
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Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is one of the dominant capture fisheries products in Maluku. This is supported by the geographical location of the Maluku Islands which are surrounded by the sea. Bacteria are often found in traditional processed fishery products such as smoking fish. This study aims to determine the total bacteria Salmonella spp. and differences in the abundance of Salmonella spp. on smoked skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) products sold in several markets in Ambon City. This research is an experimental research. The research was carried out by taking samples with a total of 5 samples from the people's market location, and bacterial calculations were carried out using a dilution technique. Bacteria that have been obtained from the dilution results, then isolated using the quadrant scratch method technique on SSA media (Salmonella Shigela Agar). Bacterial biochemical tests, including: indole test, Methyl-Red test, Voges Proskauer test, citrate test, and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) test, and gram staining were performed to confirm/identify the isolated bacteria. The results showed that smoked skipjack sold at Mardika Market was identified as having the total number of Salmonella spp. respectively 6700 CFU/ml and 8400 CFU/ml. The total number of Salmonella spp. on smoked skipjack at Mardika market is different from the results of the calculation of the total bacteria of smoked skipjack sold in modern markets and small hative markets, which did not identify any Salmonella spp bacteria contamination.
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Ivanna, Gordi, Mamangkey Jendri, and Silalahi Marina. "The diversity of vegetable and fruit fresh traded in the traditional and modern markets in the Bekasi, West Java and its potential." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 20, no. 1 (2022): 100–109. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124180.
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The market is a place for buying and selling food plants and rich in information of plant utilization, including vegetables and fruit. This study aims to explain the diversity of vegetable and fruit plants that are traded in traditional and modern markets in the Harapan Indah area, Bekasi, West Java. A total of 67 respondents were interviewed and surveyed in two markets (traditional market and modern market). A total 60 species of vegetable and fruit fresh have been sold in traditional markets and only 43 species in modern markets. Most of the plants belonging Brassicaceae (7 species), Cucurbitaceae (7 species) and Fabaceae (6 species). The part used dominated of fruits (40 species) and followed leaves (18 species). There are far fewer types of fresh fruit traded in the Harapan Indah market in Bekasi (37%) compared to vegetables (67%). The <em>Gnetum gnemom</em> and <em>Artocarpus heterophyllus</em> are very potential to be developed into culinary based on local wisdom as well as nutraceutical.
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Liu, Qiang, Chen Xu, and Jane Xie. "Comparative Analysis of Spillover Effects in the Global Stock Market under Normal and Extreme Market Conditions." International Journal of Financial Studies 12, no. 2 (2024): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs12020053.
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Using the volatility spillover index method based on the quantile vector autoregression (QVAR) model, this paper systematically examines structural changes and corresponding spillover effects within 20 major stock markets under both extreme and normal market conditions, using data spanning from January 2005 to January 2023. The results show that, compared to the traditional volatility spillover index method, which focuses mainly on average spillover effects, the QVAR model-based spillover index better captures spillover effects under extreme and various market conditions among global stock markets. The connections between stock markets are closer in extreme market conditions. The total spillover index of major global stock markets significantly increases in extreme conditions compared to normal conditions. In extreme market conditions, inflow indices show varying degrees of increase, with emerging economy stock markets displaying more significant increases. The outflow indices exhibit heterogeneity; emerging economies show consistent increases, while developed economies show mixed changes.
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CHANG, CHIA-LIN, TE-KE MAI, and MICHAEL MCALEER. "PRICING CARBON EMISSIONS IN CHINA." Annals of Financial Economics 13, no. 03 (2018): 1850014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495218500148.
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The review paper provides a strategy for determining carbon emissions pricing in China to guide how carbon emissions might be mitigated to reduce fossil fuel pollution. China has promoted the development of clean energy, including hydroelectric power, wind power, and solar energy generation. In order to involve companies in carbon emissions control, regional and provincial carbon markets have been established since 2013. As China’s carbon market is organized domestically, and not necessarily using market principles, there has been little research on China’s carbon price and volatility. This paper provides an introduction to China’s regional and provincial carbon markets, proposes how to establish a national market for pricing carbon emissions, discusses how and when these markets might be established, how they might perform, and the subsequent prices for China’s regional and national carbon markets. Power generation in manufacturing consumes more than other industries, with more than 40% of total coal consumption. Apart from manufacturing, the northern China heating system relies on fossil fuels, mainly coal, which causes serious pollution. In order to understand the regional markets well, it is necessary to analyze the energy structure in these regions. Coal is the primary energy source in China, so that provinces that rely heavily on coal receive a greater number of carbon emissions permits. In order to establish a national carbon market for China, a detailed analysis of eight important regional markets is presented. The four largest energy markets, namely, Guangdong, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hubei, traded around 82% of the total volume and 85% of the total value of the seven markets in 2017, as the industry structure of the western area is different from that of the east. The China National Development and Reform Commission has proposed a national carbon market, which can attract investors and companies to participate in carbon emissions trading.
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Dr., Adesola W. Adebisi, and Felix Arikpo Oka. "FINANCIAL MARKET PERFORMANCE AND FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INFLOWS TO NIGERIA: AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTIVE LAG APPROACH." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 6 (2017): 673–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833973.
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This study examined the relationship between financial market performance and foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. The study specifically assessed whether there is a long run and short run causal relationship running from financial market performance to foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. Financial market performance was measured using stock market performance, stock market liquidity and total new issues. The data for the study were source from the CBN statistical bulletin for the period 1984 to 2015. The exploratory design was combined with the ex-post facto research design; the data collection method was desk survey. The study used the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) technique for data analysis. Findings from the analyses showed that financial market performance has no long run causal relationship with foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. Also, stock market performance and stock market liquidity have no short run causal relationship with foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. Lastly, total new issue has a short run causal relationship with foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria. The study on the basis of these findings recommends that stock market regulators should through conscious enlightenment campaigns encourage more domestic participation in the market to enhance the market performance, deepening and growth as this will strengthen its long run causality with FPI. Lastly, stock market regulators should through conscious risk reduction policies formulation and implementation reduce the riskiness of investing in the stock market to increase transactions and liquidity in the stock market, boost the rate of turnover to investors as this will attract foreign portfolio investors to the Nigerian financial market.
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Firdausyi, Aulia Amatul, Agnes Theresia Soelih Estoepangestie, Prima Ayu Wibawati, Iwan Sahrial Hamid, Tridiganita Intan Solikhah, and Ragil Angga Prastiya. "Total Plate Count of Broiler Meat at Various Market in Bekasi City in March 2021." Jurnal Medik Veteriner 5, no. 2 (2022): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmv.vol5.iss2.2022.157-161.
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Food-safety of broiler meat is important because broiler meat is a foodstuff that can be easily contaminated by biological hazard such as bacteria. This study aimed to determine the total plate count of broiler meat at various market in Bekasi City in March 2021. Amount of samples in this study were 40 samples of broiler meat from 10 markets, samples were taken purposively and each sample used 25 grams from Musculus pectoralis of broiler meat. Samples were examined using pour plate method of total plate count. The result showed that 80% (32 of 40 samples) were exceeded the TPC’s limit. The highest value of TPC result was 3,7 × 107 CFU/g from “H” market.
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Pokharel, Jhabindra. "Capital Market Linkage to Economic Growth in Nepal." WIJAR Volume 4 Issue 1 4, no. 1 (2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47670/wuwijar202041jp.
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This article examines the causal relationship between capital market development and economic growth in Nepal using annual time series data from 1994-2019. Total market capitalization is used as a proxy of secondary market development and the total public issue of securities in a particular year is taken as an indicator of primary market development. Using the Johansen cointegration test and vector error correction method (VECM) in regression analysis, the study reveals that capital markets in Nepal are supporting economic growth through efficient fundraising, efficient allocation of resources, fair price determination and liquidity. The findings from this study conclude that there is a unidirectional causality running from capital market development to economic growth in both the long-run and short-run. However, this study found no support for causality running from economic growth to the capital market. Therefore, the findings from this study recommend policies that increase the reach of the capital market to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and individual investors. Keywords: capital market, market capitalization, primary market, economic growth, Nepal
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Ginevičius, Romualdas. "DETERMINING MARKET CONCENTRATION." Journal of Business Economics and Management 8, no. 1 (2007): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2007.9636147.
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One of the major problems associated with market concentration is its quantitative evaluation. In fact, a concept of the concentration curve is used in almost every case. The suggested measures may be classified as discrete or accumulative values. All of them are of limited accuracy because the first ones take into account only a part of the concentration curve, while the second values cannot adequately describe the situation in the market. The accuracy of the above measures can be determined based on the total difference in the relationship between the carriers of particular attributes in the market and the value calculated for them by the market concentration formula based on the suggested measure. The above measure yields the best result in determining the total difference.
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Koleva, Petya, Silvia Tsanova-Savova, Slaveyka Paneva, Stefan Velikov, and Zaharina Savova. "Polyphenols content of selected medical plants and food supplements present at Bulgarian market." Pharmacia 68, no. (4) (2021): 819–26. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e71460.
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Background: Medicinal plants are a rich source of antioxidant polyphenols and in particular flavonoids. Materials and methods: In the present study 5 Bulgarian medical plants and 5 food supplements, present at the Bulgarian market, are analyzed for their Total phenolic, Total flavonoids and selected individual flavonoids content. A HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and rutin in plant and supplements, using PDA detection. Results: The results show that polyphenols in the selected food supplements are lower than those of the medical plants analyzed. Mentha piperita and Melissa officinalis have the highest polyphenols content (67.38 and 65.17 mg GAE/g; 54.59 and 57.76 mg RE/g respectively). Rutin was detected in all samples analyzed, reaching highest levels in Mentha piperita (7332.5 µg/g), followed by fruits of Sambucus nigra (2818.7 µg/g). Conclusion: The results of the study are a practical contribution to a more complete characterization of the polyphenolic composition in Bulgarian medicinal plants.
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Lee, Hsiu-Chuan, Chih-Hsiang Hsu, and Cheng-Yi Chien. "Spillovers of international interest rate swap markets and stock market volatility." Managerial Finance 42, no. 10 (2016): 943–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-08-2015-0221.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate volatility spillovers across the interest rate swap markets of the G7 economies, and then the authors investigate whether spillovers of swap markets contain useful information to explain subsequent stock price movements. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the short- and long-term swap spread volatility of the G7 countries to explore the spillover effects of international swap markets, and then investigates the relationship between swap and stock markets. The authors use the generalized VAR approach suggested by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) to study spillovers of international swap markets. The Granger-causality tests are employed to examine the linkage of interest rate swap and stock markets. Findings This paper shows that a moderate spillover effect exists for the short- and long-term swap markets. Moreover, the results show that the short- and long-term swap markets of France and Germany have a larger impact on other countries’ swap markets than that of other countries’ swap markets on the French and German swap markets. Finally, the results indicate that the total volatility spillovers for the long-term swap markets have a larger influence on the total volatility spillover index of stock markets and the global stock market volatility than that of the short-term swap markets. Originality/value Prior literature has used impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to investigate international swap markets linkages. However, the results depend on the ordering of variables. This study uses the framework of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) to overcome the ordering issue, and thus the authors can compute directional spillovers. This paper is the first study to explore the linkage of the total volatility spillover of swap markets and the stock markets.
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Hua, Chang-I. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 20, no. 4 (2017): 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100248.
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This paper presents a structural model of nine equations that connect the unobserved housing service and the observed house transaction markets. Endogenous variables include two prices, supply, demand, stock of houses for sale on the market, average time on the market, stock of all houses, total vacant houses, and average house size. The search process of households for houses generates a stochastic process which results in an uncleared stock of houses on the market. The friction cost is specifically measured. The model should improve many practices in housing market research, and may be extended to other durable goods markets and beyond.