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1

De-Deus, Gustavo, Miriam Z. Scelza, Prasanna Neelakantan, Subash Sharma, Aline de Almeida Neves, and Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva. "Three-dimensional Quantitative Porosity Characterization of Syringe- versus Hand-mixed Set Epoxy Resin Root Canal Sealer." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 6 (2015): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300074.

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The aim of the present study was to compare the porosity characteristics of AH Plus Jet(tm) syringe-mix and the conventional hand-mixed AH Plus root canal sealers by three-dimensional quantitative high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Seven test specimens were prepared from each tested sealer by a single operator following the manufacturer's instructions and poured into pre-lubricated plastic split-ring moulds. Set sealer test specimens were scanned using a micro-CT device and the shadow images were reconstructed into cross-sectional slices. The evaluated parameters were (i) to
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2

Gao, Hongmei, Yongwei Lan, and Nan Guo. "Pore Structural Features of Granite under Different Temperatures." Materials 14, no. 21 (2021): 6470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216470.

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To explore the effects of thermal actions on the pore structural features of granite, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mercury injection experiments were carried out on granite after thermal treatment (25 °C to 400 °C). The pore structure was investigated from various perspectives, including the capillary pressure curve, the pore–throat ratio, the median saturation pressure, the median pore–throat radius, the porosity, the pore volume, and the pore size distribution. Based on mercury intrusion test data, the Winland model of permeability prediction was modified for a high-temperature tig
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3

Zhou, Dan, Zhiqiang Lv, Yunxing Cao, et al. "Fractal Evolution Characteristics of Pore Structure in Coal-Acidified Stimulation." Fractal and Fractional 9, no. 2 (2025): 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9020062.

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The pore structure and connectivity of coal are the primary factors influencing the permeability of coal reservoirs. However, clay and carbonate minerals are commonly found filling the pores and fractures within coal. To address the impact of these minerals on fracturing effectiveness, acidic fracturing technology has been introduced. This technique has proven to be an effective measure for enhancing the extraction rate of low-permeability coal seams with high mineral content. In this study, coal samples were treated with a 3% HCl solution, and the changes in the pore structure of the coal bef
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4

Ding, Chenlong, Jinxian He, Hongchen Wu, and Xiaoli Zhang. "Nanometer Pore Structure Characterization of Taiyuan Formation Shale in the Lin-Xing Area Based on Nitrogen Adsorption Experiments." Minerals 11, no. 3 (2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030298.

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Ordos Basin is an important continental shale gas exploration site in China. The micropore structure of the shale reservoir is of great importance for shale gas evaluation. The Taiyuan Formation of the lower Permian is the main exploration interval for this area. To examine the nanometer pore structures in the Taiyuan Formation shale reservoirs in the Lin-Xing area, Northern Shaanxi, the microscopic pore structure characteristics were analyzed via nitrogen adsorption experiments. The pore structure parameters, such as specific surface area, pore volume, and aperture distribution, of shale were
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5

Im, Ji Sun, Soo Jin Park, and Young Seak Lee. "Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers with Na2CO3/H3PO4 Activation." Solid State Phenomena 135 (February 2008): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.135.81.

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In this work, carbon nanofibers(CNFs) were prepared by using electrospinning method. Phosphoric acid and sodium carbonate activation of CNFs were conducted to increase surface area and pore volume. Pore structures of activated CNFs were developed with increasing surface area and pore volume through activation. Specific surface area increased about 60 times and total pore volume developed around 120 times. Activated CNFs have different pore distribution with different chemical agent.
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6

Han, Mei, Chao Han, Zuozhen Han, et al. "Mineral compositional controls on the porosity of black shales from the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations (Southern Sichuan Basin and its surroundings) and insights into shale diagenesis." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 36, no. 4 (2018): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598718763890.

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The effects of brittle minerals in shale diagenesis on shale pores remain controversial and it is difficult to quantify directly. However, the relationship between brittle minerals and shale pores could provide indirect guidance regarding diagenesis processes in post-mature marine shales. In this study, the pore size distribution was determined, and the relationship between pore volume and shale composition was examined in shale samples with different total organic carbon contents from the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations, with the objective of distinguishing pore size ranges in organic matter a
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7

Liang, Feng, Qin Zhang, Bin Lu, et al. "Pore Structure in Shale Tested by Low Pressure N2 Adsorption Experiments: Mechanism, Geological Control and Application." Energies 15, no. 13 (2022): 4875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134875.

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The N2 adsorption experiment is one of the most important methods for characterizing the pore structure of shale, as it covers the major pore size range present in such sediments. The goal of this work is to better understand both the mechanisms and application of low-pressure nitrogen adsorption experiments in pore structure characterization. To achieve this, the N2 adsorption molecular simulation method, low-pressure N2 adsorption experiments, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a total of 196 shale samples from the W
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8

Tang, Qiong, Heqin Li, Min Zuo, et al. "Optimized Assembly of Micro-/Meso-/Macroporous Carbon for Li–S Batteries." Nano 12, no. 02 (2017): 1750021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292017500217.

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In order to explore the effect of hierarchical porous carbon on the performances of Li–S batteries, we synthesized three kinds of micro-/meso-/macroporous carbon materials with different pore properties by facile hard-template method. Different from the majority of reports on porous carbon ensuing large specific surface area (SSA) and total pore volume, it was found that in the case of identically high sulfur content, the pore size distribution substantially influences the performances of Li–S batteries rather than the SSA and total pore volume. Furthermore, in the assembly of micro-/meso-/mac
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9

Zhang, Sheng, Xi Ling Zhou, Ke Ren Zheng, You Jun Xie, and Qiang Fu. "Characterization of Pore Structure of Hardened Cement-Asphalt Paste by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 1589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.1589.

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To know the pore structure of cement-asphalt pastes, mercury intrusion porosimetry was applied to measure the total porosity, pore distribution and accumulative volume distribution of pore size and the pore structures were analyzed. The results show that the total porosities decline with increase in ages and reduction in A/C ratio. The total porosities declines from 28% at 1d, to 15.8%~17.2% at 28d; the most probable pore size declines from 20nm at 1d to 5nm at 28d.At 28d, there is an increase in the magnitude of pore size between100nm and 5μm; the volume faction of smaller than 5μm is 40~50%;
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10

Li, Zhuo, Zhenxue Jiang, Hailong Yu, and Zhikai Liang. "Organic Matter Pore Characterization of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Shales from the Fuling Gas Field, Sichuan Basin: Evidence from Organic Matter Isolation and Low-Pressure CO2 and N2 Adsorption." Energies 12, no. 7 (2019): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071207.

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Organic matter (OM) pores are significant for shale gas accumulation and flow mechanisms. The pores of Wufeng-Longmaxi (W-L) shale in the Sichuan Basin, China have been extensively characterized, however, the proportion of OM pores in this shale have not been adequately discussed. In this study, the contribution of OM pores to the total pore volume of W-L shale was quantitatively studied through the analysis of OM isolation, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and low-pressure CO2 and N2 adsorption (LPGA). FE-SEM images showed abundant OM pores, interparticle pores and intrapa
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11

An Naafi, Andi Nafis, Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto, and Yuniar Ponco Prananto. "Effect of NaOH Concentration Toward the Characteristics of Activated Natural Zeolite from Blitar – East Java." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 26, no. 2 (2023): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.2.50-56.

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This study discusses the activation of natural zeolite from Blitar City – East Java using NaOH solution (0.5 M and 1.0 M). Characteristics of unactivated and activated zeolites were also investigated, as well as the effect of the activator (NaOH solution) on functional groups, element composition, pore size, specific surface area, and total pore volume. FTIR spectroscopy, XRF, and gas physisorption were conducted to support the study. Experimental data showed that: (1) the major functional groups were observed at 1250-780 cm-1 in the infrared spectra, in which the unactivated and the activated
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12

Petrie Aronin, Caren E., Karim W. Sadik, Ann L. Lay, et al. "Comparative effects of scaffold pore size, pore volume, and total void volume on cranial bone healing patterns using microsphere-based scaffolds." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 89A, no. 3 (2009): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32015.

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13

Xie, Zhi Gang. "Experimental Research on the Preparation of Porous Activated Carbon from Orange Wastes." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1907.

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Porous activated carbon was prepared from orange wastes using zinc chloride as an activating agent by one-step carbonization method. Effects of impregnation ratio, carbonization temperature and heat preservation time on pore characteristics of activated carbon were studied. The porous structures of the orange wastes activated carbon were investigated by BET, D-R equations, BJH equations and Kelvin theory. The morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mesoporous activated carbon is gained when the impregnation ratio is 3:1; the carbonization temperature is 550°Ca
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14

Ladisch, C. M., Y. Yang, A. Velayudhan, and M. R. Ladisch. "A New Approach to the Study of Textile Properties with Liquid Chromatography." Textile Research Journal 62, no. 6 (1992): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759206200609.

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A novel rolled stationary phase using whole fabric has been developed for liquid chromatography. This paper describes the column and its properties and use in characterizing pore volumes of the whole fabric. The logistic model gives a good fit of the measured void volume data obtained by size exclusion chromatography. With the help of this function, both pore size and surface area distribution of cotton and ramie fabrics can be obtained. The relationship between pore shape and surface area is discussed. Cotton has 100 to 200% more void volume and surface area than ramie (for all sizes of pores
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15

Zhang, Junjian, Chongtao Wei, Gaoyuan Yan, and Guanwen Lu. "Structural and fractal characterization of adsorption pores of middle–high rank coal reservoirs in western Yunnan and eastern Guizhou: An experimental study of coals from the Panguan syncline and Laochang anticline." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 37, no. 1 (2018): 251–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598718790319.

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To better understand the structural characteristic of adsorption pores (pore diameter < 100 nm) of coal reservoirs around the coalbed methane production areas of western Yunnan and eastern Guizhou, we analyzed the structural and fractal characteristics of pore size range of 0.40–2.0 nm and 2–100 nm in middle–high rank coals ( Ro,max = 0.93–3.20%) by combining low-temperature N2/CO2 adsorption tests and surface/volume fractal theory. The results show that the coal reservoirs can be divided into three categories: type A ( Ro,max < 2.15%), type B (2.15% < Ro,max <2.50%), and type C (
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16

Jamilatun, Siti, Ilham Mufandi, Arief Budiman, and Suhendra Suhendra. "Biochar from Slow Catalytic Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue: Effects of Temperature and Silica-Alumina Catalyst on Yield and Characteristics." Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 14, no. 2 (2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.56221.

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The use of biochar varies on its ability as an adsorbent which adsorbs liquid or gas molecules. Biochar from Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) as an energy source, as its richness in nutrients, can be used as fertilizer and maintain water resources in plantations. Biochar can be used as an intermediary for the synthesis of nanotubes, activated carbon, carbon black, and carbon fiber. One of the essential things to be considered in the application of activated carbon from SPR is char’s characteristics. This study aimed to obtain data on the biochar and components from the pyrolysis of Spirulina
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17

Luo, Zhi Qiang, and Jian Qiao Du. "Influence of Surface Properties on the Viscosity of Titanium Dioxide Slurry." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.516.

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The influence of surface properties, including fineness, total pore volume, specific surface area and zeta potential on viscosity of TiO2 slurry were studied. The viscosity and these surface properties of TiO2 samples were respectively measured by viscometer, standard sieve, specific surface area analyzer, particle size analyzer. The results show that with increase of fineness and absolute value of zeta potential, the viscosity of TiO2 slurry decrease gradually, but with increase of total pore volume and specific surface area, the viscosity of TiO2 slurry also increase. The suitable conditions
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18

Qadeer, Riaz, Javed Hanif, and Abdul Majeed. "Characterization of Metal-Impregnated Charcoal: Nitrogen Adsorption." Adsorption Science & Technology 12, no. 2 (1995): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749501200202.

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Nitrogen adsorption on metal (Ni, Cu, Zn) impregnated charcoal has been carried out at 77 K by the continuous flow method using a Quantasorb sorption system. It was observed that such metal impregnation did not contribute any extra surface area to the charcoal. The values of the surface area, micropore and total pore volumes determined from nitrogen adsorption follow the sequence Ni–charcoal < Cu–charcoal < Zn–charcoal < charcoal. Their behaviour is discussed in terms of the ionic radii of the metal ions concerned. The pore size distribution curves demonstrate the microporous nature o
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19

Cheng, Wei Min, Xiao Qiang Zhang, Rui Zhang, and Gang Wang. "Experimental Study on Coal Pore Characteristic Based on Cryogenic Liquid Nitrogen Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.345.

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In view of pore distribution in coal, this paper applies BJH method that is based on the cylinder theory and adopts cryogenic liquid nitrogen adsorption method to carry out experimental investigation on pore structure of No.3U coal seam in Sanhekou Coalmine, obtaining the fact that pore structure of No.3U coal is complicated, the cool pores are mostly flask pores, others are the parallel plate pores with one end closed and the cylinder pores with one end closed; According to the distribution of BJH pore volume and pore surface area, ultramicropores with apertures less than 10 nm are among the
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20

Wang, Guan, and Dezhi Tai. "Study on the Change Law of Pore Structure and Permeability of Coal Under Chemical Permeability Enhancement Technology." International Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies 2, no. 1 (2024): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijnres.v2n1.31.

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In order to deeply explore the permeability enhancement effect and permeability enhancement mechanism of the three chemical permeability enhancement technologies, the pore structure change and permeability enhancement mechanism of anthracite coal were studied from the perspective of coal pore structure. The following conclusions are drawn: the permeation effect of the four solutions from large to small is 99% CS2, 10% NaClO, 8% HF, 8% The total pore volume of HCl and HCl solution decreases after acidification, the pore volume of HF solution increases after acidification, the number of pores in
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21

FISCHBACH, MICHEL, and BÖRJE HARALDSSON. "Dynamic Changes of the Total Pore Area Available for Peritoneal Exchange in Children." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 12, no. 7 (2001): 1524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v1271524.

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Abstract. The most important of the parameters that describe exchange across the peritoneal membrane is the total pore area over diffusion distance (A0/Δx). It determines the rate of diffusion and mainly seems to reflect the number of capillaries available for exchange. In the present study, a simplified three-pore analysis was used to estimate A0/Δx from peritoneal equilibration tests. Two groups of children (mean age, 9.5 yr) who were on chronic peritoneal dialysis underwent studies with peritoneal equilibration tests. In the first group of children, three levels of fill volumes were used in
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22

Ma, Rui, and Wen Jie Zhang. "Study on Environmental Materials with Pore Size and Photocatalytic Activity of Porous TiO2-Al2O3 Photocatalyst." Advanced Materials Research 700 (May 2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.700.67.

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A novel porous TiO2-Al2O3 composite as a kind of environmental material was prepared by sol-gel method. The pore size distribution is not even in the whole pore size range. When pore size is 7.049 nm, the maximum pore volume of the material is 0.06627 cm3·g-1. The average pore size for the material is 14.56 nm and the total pore volume is 0.3945 cm3·g-1, as calculated from BJH method. Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange can be regarded as following first order kinetic reaction. After 90 min of reaction, methyl orange degradation on the material was 77.0% and the total dye decoloration
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23

Basnayake, Kanchani, Abul Fazal Mazumder, Upul Attanayake, and Neal S. Berke. "Assessment of Concrete Curing Duration using Bulk Electrical Conductivity and Porosity." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 10 (2020): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120935114.

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Controlling permeability of concrete is essential for enhancing durability and, thus, the service life. Concrete permeability is affected by the total volume of permeable voids and the continuity of the capillary pore structure. Even though concrete strength is the typical performance parameter used to define a wet curing duration, it is important to maintain wet curing until concrete develops a discontinuous capillary pore structure with a minimum volume of total permeable voids to assure durability. Therefore, the required wet curing period can be defined as the longest duration out from the
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24

Duan, Li Qun, Chen Chen Zhang, Qing Song Ma, and Zhao Hui Chen. "Effect of Heat-Treatment in Ar Atmosphere on Pore Structure of Carbonaceous Materials from Polysiloxane." Key Engineering Materials 602-603 (March 2014): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.602-603.279.

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Nanoporous carbonaceous materials derived from polysiloxane were first prepared by pyrolysis at 1300°C followed with hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching treatment. Their thermal stability of pore structure in inert condition was investigated in this paper by nitrogen adsorption technique in detail. The specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume (total pore volume, micropore volume, mesopore volume) decreased continually in the heat-treatment temperature range of 1000~1400°C. The average pore size almost kept the same with the raw sample. However, when the temperature exceeded 1400°C, the micropore
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25

Guo, Deyong, and Xiaojie Guo. "The influence factors for gas adsorption with different ranks of coals." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 3-4 (2017): 904–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417730186.

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In this paper, scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature N2 adsorption and CH4 isothermal adsorption experiments were performed on 11 coal samples with Ro,max between 0.98 and 3.07%. The pore structure characteristics of coals (specific surface area, total volume distribution) were studied to assess the gas adsorption capacity. The results indicate that there is significant heterogeneity on coal surface, containing numerous channel-like pores, bottle-shaped pores and wedge-shaped pores. Both Langmuir volume (VL) and Langmuir pressure (PL) show a stage change trend with the increase of coal
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26

Hemmatian, Tahmineh, Halim Lee, and Jooyoun Kim. "Bacteria Adhesion of Textiles Influenced by Wettability and Pore Characteristics of Fibrous Substrates." Polymers 13, no. 2 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020223.

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Bacteria adhesion on the surface is an initial step to create biofouling, which may lead to a severe infection of living organisms and humans. This study is concerned with investigating the textile properties including wettability, porosity, total pore volume, and pore size in association with bacteria adhesion. As model bacteria, Gram-negative, rod-shaped Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive, spherical-shaped Staphylococcus aureus were used to analyze the adhesion tendency. Electrospun webs made from polystyrene and poly(lactic acid) were used as substrates, with modification of wettability
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27

Hemmatian, Tahmineh, Halim Lee, and Jooyoun Kim. "Bacteria Adhesion of Textiles Influenced by Wettability and Pore Characteristics of Fibrous Substrates." Polymers 13, no. 2 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020223.

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Bacteria adhesion on the surface is an initial step to create biofouling, which may lead to a severe infection of living organisms and humans. This study is concerned with investigating the textile properties including wettability, porosity, total pore volume, and pore size in association with bacteria adhesion. As model bacteria, Gram-negative, rod-shaped Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive, spherical-shaped Staphylococcus aureus were used to analyze the adhesion tendency. Electrospun webs made from polystyrene and poly(lactic acid) were used as substrates, with modification of wettability
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28

Huang, Pei-Hsing, Hao-Hsiang Cheng, and Sheau-Horng Lin. "Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Coconut Shells." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/106590.

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This study presents the fabrication of high-quality activated carbon (AC) from discarded coconut shells. The effects of experimental parameters such as activation temperature and activation time on the basic characteristics of AC, including charcoal yield, ash content, pH value, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area, total pore volume, and iodine adsorption, are investigated. The results indicate that as the activation temperature and activation time increase, the charcoal yield of the AC decreases. In contrast, iodine adsorption, ash content, pH value, and total pore volume incre
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29

Pham, Tuan Van, John Parnell, and Adrian Hartley. "Controls of normal diagenesis on poroperm parameters in red beds: examples in Miocene Muddy Creek Formation, Mesquite basin, USA and upper Devonian Old Red Sandstone, Orcadian basin, Scotland." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 64, no. 3 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2023.64(3).01.

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General diagenetic patterns in Miocene Muddy Creek Formation and upper Devonian Old Red Sandstone (ORS) can be characterized as follows: i) early diagenesis characterized by the formation of early hematite, carbonate, and clay cement; ii) burial diagenesis followed by the formation of quartz and feldspar overgrowths, poikilotopic calcite and pore-filling clays; iii) late diagenesis characterized by the formation of late hematite replacing previous poikilotopic carbonate cement. Normal diagenesis has a significant impact on poroperm parameters as indicated by the destruction of pore spaces from
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30

Du, Xuan. "Pore Structure Characteristics of the Jurassic Dongyuemiao Shale Reservoir in the Fuxing Area, Sichuan Basin." Journal of Innovation and Development 10, no. 2 (2025): 103–9. https://doi.org/10.54097/8c7xwn37.

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XRD analysis reveals that the shale mineral composition in the study area is dominated by clay minerals (15.21%–79.68%, avg. 59.88%), primarily illite, with subordinate chlorite and kaolinite, followed by quartz (10.24%–45.84%, avg. 21.59%). Total organic carbon (TOC) ranges from 0.391% to 2.19%, with kerogen types predominantly sapropelic-humic (Type II₂) and humic (Type III). Vitrinite reflectance (R₀ = 1.52%–1.54%) indicates high thermal maturity. Pore systems are dominated by parallel-plate interlayer clay pores, supplemented by calcite intraparticle pores, interparticle pores, and organic
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31

Wang, Ji, Zai Liang Hu, Ji Ru Zhang, and Ming Zhong Zhang. "Pore Properties of Eco-Material for Erosion Control of Slope and its Fractal Features." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.461.

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The pore properties of the porous material are important factors influencing the vegetation to grow. The pore properties of an artificial planting material and soil were studied by a mercury intrusion test. Based on the fractal concept of Menger-sponge, the fractal dimensions characterizing pore volume-size distribution of planting material and soil are obtained from the experimental data, and the different of both of the fractal dimensions is compared. The testing results show that the total porosity of planting material varies from 30.27 % to 32.11%, and the total porosity of soil is 24.87%.
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32

Needham, Erin M., Shelby M. Sidney, Justin R. Chimka, and Julian L. Fairey. "Trihalomethane, dihaloacetonitrile, and total N-nitrosamine precursor adsorption by carbon nanotubes: the importance of surface oxides and pore volume." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 2, no. 6 (2016): 1004–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ew00193a.

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33

Fu, Wei, Wangshui Hu, Tongsheng Yi, Oumar Ibrahima Kane, Manting Zhang, and Xin Huang. "Fractal Dimension Analysis of Pores in Coal Reservoir and Their Impact on Petrophysical Properties: A Case Study in the Province of Guizhou, SW China." Minerals 12, no. 11 (2022): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12111425.

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Coal is a complex, porous medium with pore structures of various sizes. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately describe the characteristics of pore structure by using the traditional geometry method. The results from the present investigation suggest that the porous media system of the coal reservoir has obvious fractal characteristics at different scales. To study the complexity of the pores in the coal reservoir, 27 coal samples from Guizhou, SW China were studied. The fractal dimensions of coal pores were calculated, and the fractal dimension of a pore in a coal reservoir can be classifie
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34

Chen, Run, Yajun Zhang, Kunpeng Hu, Guanglong Tu, and Tianzheng Dou. "Changes in Physicochemical Properties of Coal and Their Mechanism Due to Supercritical CO2–H2O Treatment." Minerals 13, no. 10 (2023): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13101262.

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The dissolution of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) in water forms a ScCO2–H2O system, which exerts a transformative influence on the physicochemical characteristics of coal and significantly impacts the CO2-driven enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery process. Herein, the effect of ScCO2–H2O treatment on the physicochemical properties of coal was simulated in a high-pressure reactor. The migration of major elements, change in the pore structure, and change in the CH4 adsorption capacity of coal after the ScCO2–H2O treatment were detected using plasma emission spectroscopy, the low-
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35

Zhu, Yixuan, Timothy Carr, Zhongmin Zhang, and Liaosha Song. "Pore characterization of the Marcellus Shale by nitrogen adsorption and prediction of its gas storage capacity." Interpretation 9, no. 4 (2021): SG71—SG82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2021-0019.1.

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In a shale gas reservoir, pore characterization is an important factor used to determine gas storage capacity. However, the nanometer (nm)-scale pore system in shale is difficult to explore by traditional optical, scanning electron microscopy, or even nuclear magnetic resonance well logging. We have investigated the pore structure and storage capacity of the Marcellus Shale through integration of petrophysical analysis from laboratory and well-logging data and nitrogen adsorption. The isotherm of Marcellus Shale is a composite isotherm, which has features of type I, type II, and type IV isothe
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Qiu, Xiaosong, Hejuan Liu, Mancang Liu, et al. "Pore Structure Evolution in Sandstone of Underground Gas Storage during Cyclic Injection and Production Based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology." Energies 16, no. 5 (2023): 2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052096.

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The underground gas storage (UGS) in depleted sandstone reservoirs forms the largest proportion of the UGS market in China. Multiple cycles of natural gas injection and production in the sandstone cause the rapid increase and drawdown of pore pressure, which may induce damage to the rock skeleton structure, and cause complex fluid flow paths in the sandstone reservoir. In this paper, transverse relaxation time (T2), nuclear magnetism resonance imaging, and high-pressure mercury intrusion analysis are combined to evaluate the variation in pore structure of medium-grained sandstone. The results
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Yang, Jinlin, Xingnan Huo, Zongyu Li, and Shaojian Ma. "Study on preparation and properties of zinc ferrite and titanium dioxide." E3S Web of Conferences 385 (2023): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338504018.

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In this paper, sulfuric acid leaching high iron zinc calcine was used to prepare and purify zinc ferrite, high temperature roasting method was used to prepare synthetic zinc ferrite, and sol-gel method was used to prepare TiO2. The properties of the prepared samples ware characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, SEM and other methods. The results show that the synthetic zinc ferrite is pure zinc ferrite, and the purified zinc ferrite contains impurities PbSO4. The TiO2 crystal form prepares at the calcination temperature of 300~550°C is basically the same, and the crystal form transformation occurs at
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Liu, Shiqi, Yu Liang, Shuxun Sang, et al. "Application of Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry in Coal Pore Structure Characterization: Conformance Effect and Compression Effect Correction." Energies 18, no. 12 (2025): 3185. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123185.

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Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) is commonly used to characterize coal pore structures, but conformance effect and compression effect can overestimate pore volume. This study uses MIP data from coal with varying metamorphic degrees in China to compare existing correction methods and propose a new approach based on apparent and true density for pore volume correction under no confining pressure. The study also analyzes the impact of conformance and compression effects on MIP data. Correctly identifying the “actual initial intrusion pressure” and “closure pressure” is essential for accurate d
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Nazari, Ali, Gholamreza Khalaj, Shadi Riahi, Hamid Bohlooli, and Mohammad Mehdi Kaykha. "Prediction total specific pore volume of geopolymers produced from waste ashes by ANFIS." Ceramics International 38, no. 4 (2012): 3111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.12.011.

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Sun, Jin Ju, Jian Min Gao, Xin Min Hao, Xin Yu Cui, Tian Ma, and Yuan Yang. "Effects of Air-Phosphoric Acid Activation on Pore Structure and Adsorption Property of Mesoporous Carbon from Hemp Stem." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.41.

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Mesopore activated carbons were prepared using hemp stem as feedstock by air-phosphoric acid activation method. The crystallite size of hemp stem-based mesoporous carbon is small, and its pores is larger. The phosphoric acid solution concentration has a signification effect on pore structure and adsorption property of mesopore activated carbons from hemp stem. The mesopore activated carbon attained at phosphoric acid solution concentration of 50% exhibits a maximum BET(Brunauer Emmett and Teller) specific surface area of 1351m2/g, total pore volume of 1.21 cm3/ g, mesopore pore volume of 0.90
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Yang, Long, Li Xian Sun, Fen Xu, Yong Jin Zou, and Hai Liang Chu. "Modulated Synthesis of UiO-67 for High Resistance to CH2Cl2." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.609.

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UiO-67 has been synthesized by using the acetic acid as a template via conventional electric (CE) heating method. With the same adding of acetic acid, different crystallinity and pore structure are obtained through change the order of addition of acetic acid. The BET surface area and total pore volume are 2861 m2 g-1 and 1.14 cm3 g-1 for of CE-0-3, and 1650 m2 g-1 and 0.67 m2 g-1 for CE-1-2, respectively. Although CE-0-3 has a better crystallinity, higher BET surface area and total pore volume than those of CE-1-2, CE-1-2 presents a better resistance to CH2Cl2 than CE-0-3.
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Zhao, Fengwen, Jianhua Hu, Dongjie Yang, et al. "Study on the Relationship between Pore Structure and Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Cemented Paste Backfill by Using Air-Entraining Agent." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 3, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694744.

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To control pores in the backfill, the air-entraining agents (AEAs) are used as an admixture to realize the pore structure changes under artificial action and explore the effect of pore structure on strength. Two AEAs at different dosages were added to the backfill. The relationship was then analyzed between them from the macro- and mesoscopic aspects. The results indicate that AEA can regulate pore structure changes of AEACPB. With the increase in AEA content, the total pore volume of different pore sizes in AEACPB increases, in which the proportion of big and medium pore gradually increases w
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Lan, Fengjuan, Yong Qin, Ming Li, Yugan Wang, and Yuhang Liu. "The Effect of Pore Structure on the Distribution of Wet Gases in Coal Seams of Enhong Syncline, SW China." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010432.

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The origin of the high content of wet gases in coalbed seams is very important geologically, especially in the Enhong syncline in China. The present study focuses on the role of the material that generates the hydrocarbons. The effect of the pore structure on the generation of wet gases has not been thoroughly examined. The present paper characterizes the coal pore structure in the “wet gas area” and “dry gas area”. The pore structures in the two areas are shown to have different features, which affect the distribution of the wet gases. With respect to the pore structure parameters, coals in t
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Hu, Haiyan, Wangpeng Li, Yifan Yang, and Shuai Chen. "Nanoscale Pore Evolution of Terrestrial Shale with Thermal Maturation Level Increase Induced by Hydrous Pyrolysis." Processes 13, no. 1 (2025): 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010246.

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A series of terrestrial shale samples with different thermal maturities were subjected to hydrous artificial pyrolysis to study the evolution of terrestrial shale pores. The original shale was obtained from the terrestrial interval of a core sample, the total organic carbon (TOC) content was 8.34 wt%, and the vitrinite reflectance (Ro) was 5.31%. The original shale core was cut into eight parts, which were heated at temperatures of 300, 350, 400, 420, 450, 500, 550, and 600 °C to obtain samples with different thermal maturities. The pore size distribution (PSD), pore volume (PV), specific surf
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Rusman, Rusman, Iip Izul Falah, and RHA Sahirul Alim. "The Intercalation of Copper into Active Carbon and Its Application as a Catalyst for n-Amylalcohol Dehydration." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2010): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21957.

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The intercalation of CuCl2 salts into active carbon and its activity as catalyst on dehydration of n-amylalcohol has been investigated. In this research, the intercalation was conducted by reacting CuCl2 powder with active carbon and Cl2 gas at 3 atm, temperature 575 °C, at various heating time. This process was then followed by the reduction in the flowing hydrogen gas. Characterization of intercalation product was conducted by gas sorption method to determine surface area, pore radius, and pore volume distribution, and atomic adsorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the content of
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Qi, Lingling, Xiaoqing Zhou, Xinshan Peng, Xiangjun Chen, Zhaofeng Wang, and Juhua Dai. "A Study on the Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Briquettes with Different Compression Loads." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912148.

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In order to study the effects of different compression loads on the pore characteristics of coal, taking remolded coal as the research object, the mercury intrusion method was used to determine the pore structures of the briquettes under the compression loads of 50, 70, 90 and 110 MPa, and the Menger sponge model was used to conduct fractal research on the measured parameters. The results show that the compression load has a significant effect on the pore structure parameters of the briquettes. The hysteresis loop generated by the mercury-intrusion and mercury-extrusion curves of raw coal is s
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Zou, Shuangying, Mingyuan Sun, Yongmei Chen, et al. "Applicability of a Fractal Model for Sandstone Pore-Fracture Structure Heterogeneity by Using High-Pressure Mercury Intrusion Tests." Processes 12, no. 8 (2024): 1658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12081658.

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Pore structure heterogeneity affects the porosity and permeability variation of tight sandstone, thereby restricting sandstone gas production. In total, 11 sandstone samples were taken as a target in the northwest margin of the Junggar Basin. Then, scanning electron microscope and high-pressure mercury injection tests are used to study the distribution of a pore and fracture system in the target sandstone. On this basis, single and multifractal models are used to quantitatively characterize the heterogeneity of pore structure, and the applicability of the classification model in characterizing
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You, Fuliang, Guangdi Liu, Mingliang Sun, Cheng An, Chaozheng Li, and Yishu Li. "Impacts of Pore Structure on the Occurrence of Free Oil in Lacustrine Shale Pore Networks." Energies 16, no. 20 (2023): 7205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16207205.

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The ultimate recovery of shale oil is mostly dependent upon the occurrence and content of free oil within the nano-scaled pore network of shale reservoirs. Due to the nanoporous nature of shale, quantitatively characterizing the occurrence and content of free oil in shale is a formidable undertaking. To tackle this challenge, 12 lacustrine shale samples with diverse organic matter content from the Chang7 Member in the southern Ordos Basin were selected, and the characteristics of free oil occurrence were indirectly characterized by comparing changes in pore structure before and after organic s
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Ferreira, Danilo Augusto de Holanda, Carolina Patrícia Aires, Regina Célia Bressan Queiroz De Figueiredo, and Frederico Barbosa de Sousa. "High Amount of Organic Matter during Caries Formation Reduces Remineralization and Resin Infiltration of Enamel Caries." Caries Research 52, no. 6 (2018): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000488211.

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The amount of organic material in the cariogenic environment correlates with the amount of organic material incorporated in carious enamel. The incorporated organic material may be expected to reduce the pore volumes available for remineralization and resin infiltration, but these expected outcomes have not yet been quantified. We tested the effect of the amount of organic content in the cariogenic agent on remineralization and the resin-occluded pore volume in artificial subsurface enamel caries. An acid gel (organic-rich; G1) and an aqueous solution (organic-poor; G2) were used to induce sub
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Zhang, Sheng Zhou, Hong Ying Xia, Li Bo Zhang, Jin Hui Peng, Jian Wu, and Zhao Qiang Zheng. "Optimization of Experimental Conditions for the Preparation of High Specific Surface Area Bamboo-Based Activated Carbon." Advanced Materials Research 1090 (February 2015): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1090.154.

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Bamboo as the raw material is carbonized to prepare high specific surface area activated carbon by microwave heating under nitrogen atmosphere in our present work. Influences of activation agents on the preparation of activated carbon are studied. The results show that activation agents have a significant influence on the preparation of activated carbon. Under the heating time of 15 min, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon prepared utilizing KOH as activation agent is the best. When the KOH/C ratio is 4, the iodine number and yield of activated carbon are 2298 mg/g and 39.82%, resp
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