Academic literature on the topic 'Total Quality Management Extension Programs Level of Extent Programs'

This descriptive research design was conducted to determine the status of the increased number of private schools and its proliferation in Marawi City based on the 1998 Revised Manual for Private Education particularly in the compliance of government requirements and its implications to the quality of education. A total of twenty-six private schools served as the respondents of this study. Many developing nations lack adequate resources to fund public schools and universities. Faced with growing lower-and middle-class populations that are too often underserved, these nations increasingly rely upon private education to complement public education. The increase in the number of private schools could be alarming especially when it comes to quality education. Ideally, private schools should always be adjunct to quality education, yet it is sad to note that the prevailing perceptions on the proliferation of private schools are not accompanied by quality. Findings revealed that the relationship between the profile of the school and the extent of compliance with government requirements revealed no correlation at all, while the t-test revealed a not significant relationship between the teachers’ profile and the level of passing standardized and board examinations. For the relationship between the profile of the owners’/administrators and the extent of participation in extension and community outreach programs, except for the monthly income was found to have not significant relationship with extension and community outreach programs. Lastly, the test of difference between the owners’/administrators’ and teachers’ perceptions on the factors for the proliferation of private schools revealed a not significant difference.

Using data from a 1994 survey of U.S. establishments, the authors investigate how the incidence, content, and extent of employer-provided training were linked to workplace practices and characteristics, physical capital investments, and workers' education. Formal training programs were positively associated with establishment size, the presence of high-performance work systems (such as Total Quality Management), capital-intensive production, and workers' education level. “General” types of training programs in computing and basic education were most likely in establishments that were large, were part of a multi-establishment firm, had low employee turnover, or had high-performance work systems. The percentage of workers given training was highest in establishments that had made large investments in physical capital or had adopted new forms of work organization, especially in the manufacturing sector. These results suggest that employer-provided training complements rather than substitutes for investments in physical capital and education.

Introduction: Scholars consider leadership style as a powerful tool for improving school managers’ commitment on total quality management (TQM), yet few studies have empirically examined the linkages on organizational culture, leadership styles, and TQM in tertiary institutions. This study determined the mediating role of leadership style on organizational culture and TQM.
 Method: The researcher employed the descriptive correlational design to analyze the level of organizational culture, the extent of leadership style as mediating variable, the extent of TQM in education as perceived by the respondents, and the relationship between those variables among school managers. There were 295 school managers from 13 tertiary institutions in Asia who responded to the study.
 Result: The results of the study showed that the respondents have very high practices of organizational traits of involvement, adaptability, consistency, and mission with an indirect effect on leadership style. The extent of the respondents’ TQM is high on the following dimensions: a process-systems approach, customer-supplier focus, consistent quality leadership, continuous improvement and self-evaluation .The extent of leadership styles in both transformational and transactional as practiced by managers is high. However, the organizational culture had no direct effect on TQM. Thus, leadership style fully mediates organizational culture and TQM. Further, the school managers are committed to TQM in education regardless of age, civil status, educational attainment, and years of experience. As a contribution to the mediating mechanism, the emerging model showed that transformational and transactional being the components of leadership styles have loadings of .89 and .49, respectively. This means that the respondents’ leadership style practices have corresponding weights of 64.49% of transformational and 35.51% of transactional leadership style to fully mediate on the relationship between organizational culture and TQM. This research therefore, indicates the significance of the mediating role of leadership style on organizational culture and TQM in tertiary institutions.
 Discussion: The outcome of this study shall be utilized as basis for conducting seminar-workshops and training programs. The study will contribute to future research on other dimensions on OC, LS and moderating variables in relation to TQM.

Land degradation poses a major threat to agricultural production and food security in Ethiopia, and sustainable land management (SLM) is key in dealing with its adverse impacts. This paper examines the covariates that shape rural livelihood diversification and examines their effects on the intensity of adoption of SLM practices. Household-level data were collected in 2017 from 270 households in three drought-prone watersheds located in northwestern Ethiopia. We used the Herfindahl–Simpson diversity index to explore the extent of livelihood diversification. A stochastic dominance ordering was also employed to identify remunerative livelihood activities. A multivariate probit model was employed to estimate the probability of choosing simultaneous livelihood strategies, and an ordered probit model was estimated to examine the effect of livelihood diversification on the adoption intensity of SLM practices. In addition to mixed cropping and livestock production, the production of emerging cash crops (e.g., Acacia decurrens for charcoal, and khat) dominated the overall income generation of the majority of farmers. Stress/shock experience, extent of agricultural intensification, and agro-ecology significantly affected the probability of choosing certain livelihood strategies. Livelihood diversification at the household level was significantly associated with the dependency ratio, market distance, credit access, extension services, membership in community organizations, level of income, and livestock ownership. A greater extent of livelihood diversification had a significant negative effect on adopting a greater number of SLM practices, whereas it had a positive effect on lower SLM adoption intensity. Overall, we found evidence that having greater livelihood diversification could prompt households not to adopt more SLM practices. Livelihood initiatives that focus on increasing shock resilience, access to financial support mechanisms, improving livestock production, and providing quality extension services, while also considering agro-ecological differences, are needed. In addition, development planners should take into account the livelihood portfolios of rural households when trying to implement SLM policies and programs.

Agriculture is a major industry in California, with cool-season crops grown along the state’s coasts, warm-season crops grown in the hot deserts, and many temperate crops grown in the state’s valleys. In coastal communities such as Ventura County, the Calleguas Creek and the Santa Clara River watersheds have 50,000 and 60,000 irrigated acres of farm crops, respectively. These watersheds are considered impaired by nutrients, salts, pesticides, and other agricultural contaminants. Mitigation of chemical and sediment runoff through grower-implemented best management practices (BMPs) is therefore one of the highest priorities in the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board Basin Plan. A 3-year project was designed to assist Ventura County growers in meeting regional water quality objectives. The University of California Cooperative Extension Ventura County and the University of California, Riverside, collaborated with the Ventura County Resource Conservation District and the Ventura County Agricultural Irrigated Lands Group (VCAILG) to address three project goals: increase grower and landowner understanding of local agricultural water quality issues; identify gaps or deficiencies in current management practices in agricultural operations; and reduce the contribution of nutrients, pesticides, and other pollutants to impaired water bodies. To achieve these goals, 469 surveys of agricultural water quality management practices were collected to assess the extent of current adoption of BMPs. Over 160 growers who farm more than 14,000 acres that drain into Calleguas Creek and 7,000 acres that drain into the Santa Clara River watersheds were assisted. Using the survey, growers developed site-specific farm water quality plans and received on-farm recommendations for BMPs. Additionally, 12 water quality educational programs, “including demonstrations of successful BMPs,” were developed and more than 2500 copies of educational materials published by the University of California, the Resource Conservation District, and the Natural Resources Conservation Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture were distributed at on-farm visits, workshops, and other grower events. The project resulted in improved understanding, by growers and landowners, of water quality issues and significantly increased the implementation of appropriate on-farm BMPs to protect water quality. Nearly 100 new BMPs primarily aimed at managing erosion, sediment movement, and irrigation runoff were identified and documented through annual reassessments for more than 8000 acres draining into Calleguas Creek. A total of 518 people attended the educational programs, and over 90% of participants who completed evaluations rated the programs highly. In the final year of the project, 75% of attendees indicated they plan to implement new BMPs within the next 5 years, especially in the areas of irrigation, erosion, and pest management.

Background: Caring for individuals with mental disorders poses significant challenges for caregivers, often leading to compromised quality of life and mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression. This study aims to assess the extent of these challenges among caregivers in Greece, identifying which demographic factors influence their well-being. Method: A total of 157 caregivers were surveyed using the SF-12 Health Survey for quality-of-life assessment and the DASS-21 questionnaire for evaluating stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. t-tests, Kruskal–Wallis tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and regression analyses were applied to understand the associations between demographics, quality of life, and mental health outcomes. Results: The study found that caregivers, especially women and younger individuals, faced high levels of mental health challenges. Marital status, educational level, and employment status also significantly influenced caregivers’ well-being. Depression was the most significant factor negatively correlating with the mental component of quality of life. The magnitude of the burden experienced by caregivers highlighted the urgency for targeted social and financial support, as well as strategic treatment programs that consider caregiver well-being. Conclusions: Caregivers of individuals with mental disorders endure significant stress, anxiety, and depression, influencing their quality of life. Demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, education, and employment status have notable impacts. Findings emphasize the need for society-wide recognition of caregivers’ roles and the creation of comprehensive support and intervention programs to alleviate their burden, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This research was conducted in Empelu Hamlet, Tanah Sepenggal District, Bungo Regency with the consideration that in the hamlet there were field agricultural extension agents with the Integrated Crop Management (PTT) program and as a food production center in Tanah Sepenggal District, Bungo Regency. The time of the research was carried out for 2 months. namely from 20 June 2021 to 20 August 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between socio-economic factors of farmers (Level of Education, Age of Farmers, Land Area, Farming Experience and Income of farmers) with the implementation of the Integrated Crop Management (PTT) program. in the research area and to find out the problems encountered in the implementation of Integrated Plant Management (PTT) in the research area. The method used to analyze the data is a quantitative descriptive method with interview techniques with farmers based on a questionnaire containing a series of questions regarding the problems encountered in paddy rice farming and efforts to overcome them. The results of this study showed that the age factor, farming experience and land area had no relationship with the Integrated Crop Management Program (PTT) for lowland rice farming, but the level of education and total income had a relationship with the Integrated Plant Management Program (PTT) in the study area. The problems faced by the sample farmers were plant pest disturbances, bad weather and irrigation which greatly affected the lowland rice farming because it could reduce the quality and quantity of the sample farmers' lowland rice plants. Meanwhile, to deal with weather and irrigation, farmers work in mutual cooperation

This study aims to identify the level of principals’ instructional leadership practices and their relationship with the school-based management in secondary schools in Tumpat district, Kelantan. This study was conducted in the form of survey using a quantitative method with a total of 286 respondents using a questionnaire as a research instrument. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS software version 25.0. The result of this study showed that the level of principal's instructional leadership practices was high (mean=4.25, s.d.=0.444) where the dimension of forming a positive school environment scored the highest mean (mean=4.30, s.d.=0.459). The level of school-based management was also high (mean=4.24, s.d.=0.427) with the highest score mean dimension was the dimension of planning and evaluation (mean=4.29, s.d.=0.450). The Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between the level of principals’ instructional leadership practices and school-based management which was at a high correlation level (r=0.895). Therefore, the implication of this study is able to provide an exposure to the Ministry of Education Malaysia who can take initiatives to make improvements in the basic aspects of education and also leadership programs in order to strengthen the leadership practices of principals in schools. This study also has implications to school principals in re-evaluating all their practices and actions in managing schools to further improve the effectiveness and the quality of their administration. In conclusion, this study gives the impression that principals’ instructional leadership practices have impacts on school-based management which to some extent can affect the performance of teachers and students as well as the results of the effectiveness of school functions.

The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which Total Quality Management can be applied using a balanced scorecard according to the balanced scorecard dimensions from the perspective of the faculty and administrative staff at the Faculty of Politics and Economics, Suez University. To achieve this aim, the researchers used a descriptive research methodology based on the questionnaire for a sample of (33) faculty members, and the administrative staff at the Faculty of Politics and Economics, Suez University. Some faculties in Egyptian universities find it difficult to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of educational and administrative services performance which were provided to clients as well as the difficulty of measuring the outputs of these services, so Balanced Scorecard is the best tool for evaluating and measuring the performance of these services and outputs. The results of the study showed a statistically significant effect of the use of balanced scorecard dimensions (financial, internal processes, clients, and growth and learning indicators). One of the most important results of the research was that there is a clear variation in the level of awareness of the components of the use of balanced scorecard indicators in the application of total quality management, which reflects the importance of using the balanced scorecard in evaluating the university performance in light of the philosophy and mission of the university. The clients dimension is the most important dimension for it’s directly reflects on the satisfaction of clients from the provided service, and the financial perspective can be achieved by develop programs and academic services to increase the variety of revenues for the development of academic and administrative performance through the support of innovations and creative activities of scientific and professional efficiency of students, faculty members and administrators with the consolidation of a culture of technological knowledge of developments in the global academic arena.

Abstract Objectives Medical students are future physicians, and their attitude toward suicide attempters can impact outcome of patient management and quality of care. This study aimed to assess the effects of brief educational intervention on medical students' attitude toward suicide prevention. Materials and Methods The prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center in northwestern India. The total enumeration method was employed to recruit 243 medical students. Attitude toward suicide prevention scale was applied before and after three hours’ training on management of suicide attempters and strategies for suicide prevention. Statistical Analysis Mean, median, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were calculated through descriptive statistics. Mean values were compared before and after the intervention through paired sample student's t-test. Chi-square test or Fischer exact test was used to compare categorical variables and p ≤ 0.05 was set for level of significance. Results Ten out of 14 attitudinal statements were significantly more favorable after imparting brief training on suicide prevention and management of suicide attempters. They reported lesser resentment, more responsible efforts, with greater competence and positive expectation associated with working for suicidal patients. They agreed on the need for multidisciplinary efforts for effective suicide prevention. After the intervention, they considered the possibility of suicidal ideas emerging due to the need for help, not for the purpose of attention-seeking, and instead of considering suicidal communication as individual's choice, they agreed on substantial preventability of suicide with comprehensive management. Their misconceptions were resolved to a greater extent. Conclusion Brief educational intervention was found effective in improving their attitude toward suicide prevention. The medical curriculum should incorporate regular educational programs, suicide prevention and comprehensive assessment, and management of suicide attempters.