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Andersson, Tobias, and Rasmus Bergmark. "Värnplikten som en socialiseringsprocess : En undersökning av hur identitet formas, upprätthålls och förändras." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256252.
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Denna uppsats syfte var att studera värnplikten som en socialiseringsprocess där social identitet skapas. Uppsatsen bygger på två frågeställningar som berör syftet närmare: Hur förhåller sig personer som nyligen gjort värnplikten till det militära i förhållande till sitt civila liv innan värnplikten? Hur förhåller sig personer som nyligen gjort värnplikten till sitt nuvarande civila liv i förhållande till det militära liv de lämnat? Undersökningen baseras på en kvalitativ intervjustudie med hermeneutik som tolkningsgrund. Urvalet består av tio informanter som gjort värnplikten. I intervjuerna speglade informanterna sina upplevelser från och tankar om värnplikten. I en fördjupad analys har detta sedan analyserats utifrån teori med utgångspunkt i socialkonstruktivism (Berger och Luckmann, Goffman, Jenkins). Empirin mynnade ut i följande slutsatser: Socialiseringsprocessen i värnplikten har karaktären av en primär socialisation, likt den första socialisation vi genomgår; något som är möjligt genom Försvarsmaktens totala institutionella drag. I socialisationen uppstod motsättningar mellan det civila och det militära, som grundas i legitimerandet av den senare institutionen. Efter socialisationen upplevde informanterna att värnplikten hade haft en positiv effekt på dem, i relation till hur de var tidigare. Detta kan förstås som att en ny social identitet etablerats, vilken legitimeras genom de skillnader som finns i relation till det tidigare civila livet och till dem som inte har gjort värnplikten. Värnplikten har därmed en förenande effekt på dess medlemmar samtidigt som den skapar motsättningar till dem utanför.
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Stefansdotter, Åse. "Frihetsberövad i häkte." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för socialpedagogik och sociologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-9991.
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Bakgrund: Att bli frihetsberövad är en av de mest ingripande åtgärder som en stat kan utöva över den enskilde i ett modernt västerländskt samhälle. Sverige har under flera år fått kritik från både FN:s och EU:s tortyr kommittéer för det sätt personer som är häktade misstänkta för brott isoleras i häkte genom att åklagare ofta ålägger restriktioner som förhindrar den intagna att ha kontakt med anhöriga eller andra intagna. Personalen utgör den dagliga mänskliga kontakten för en intagen och blir således en viktig del av den intagnes tid på häktet. Det har länge varit känt att isolering har negativa effekter på en människa och att psykiatriska effekter av isolering kan ge bestående men. Lagstiftningen som reglerar häkten säger att de som arbetar i häkte skall visa särskild förståelse för de svårigheter som kan vara förenade med ett frihetsberövande och Kriminalvården har en vision att minska skadeverkningarna av isolering genom isoleringsbrytande åtgärder. Kriminalvårdens statistik från 2015 visar att endast 25 % av de som är häktade med restriktioner nås av dessa åtgärder. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur personer som varit häktade med restriktioner upplever kriminalvårdarnas stödjande respektive kontrollerande roll. Hur de som arbetar inom kriminalvården ser på sina arbetsuppgifter och de olika rollerna som de innefattar är ett tangerande område som studien också söker ökad kunskap om. Metod: Då syftet med studien och forskningsfrågorna söker ökad kunskap om subjektiva upplevelser av stödjande respektive kontrollerande roller i häktesmiljön har kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer använts. Resultat: Sammantaget var det små saker som upplevdes som betydelsefulla och stödjande av personer som varit häktade med restriktioner, dvs. intagna. Ofta genom handlingar som uttryckte omtanke och respekt från kriminalvårdarnas sida. Kriminalvårdarna i studien delade upplevelsen av att små saker spelar stor roll för en person som är häktad med restriktioner. Totaliteten och frekvensen av säkerhetsrutiner upplevdes som kontrollerande av tidigare intagna snarare än förekomsten av dem. Upplevelser av att känna sig som ett objekt och känslor av total maktlöshet var återkommande i intervjuerna med personer som varit häktade med restriktioner. Ökat säkerhetsfokus inom kriminalvården märktes av intagna och isoleringsbrytande åtgärder tenderar att bli en säkerhetsfråga för kriminalvårdare om personal behövs till annat. Vad det finns för resurser att tillgå för att bryta isolering skiljer sig från häkte till häkte och från dag till dag. Frivillighetsorganisationer, andlig- och sjukvård fyller här en viktig funktion. Under tiden som häktad med restriktioner såg tidigare intagna på kriminalvårdares arbetsuppgifter i första hand som de dagliga rutiner som är associerade med måltider, dusch och promenad. Dessa dagliga rutiner upplevdes av tidigare häktade som präglade av olika säkerhetsrutiner, något som kriminalvårdarna i studien bekräftade. Kriminalvårdarna upplevde inte generellt det som problematisk att inneha både en stödjande och en kontrollerande roll. Personer som varit häktade med restriktioner upplevde detta som mer problematiskt.
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Johansson, Maria. "Uppfostran till medborgare i en total institution. En etnografisk studie om regelsystem på en institution för vård av unga." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2309.
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Uppsatsen handlar om regelsystem i en institution för vård av unga. Syftet med uppsatsen är att ge en ökad förståelse för och få kunskap om behandling samt skolverksamhet på en institution för ungdomar med fokus på regelsystem, regelöverträdelser och personalens bemötande av dessa. Uppsatsen är etnografisk och resultatet bygger på en två veckor lång observationsperiod på en institution för vård av unga. Teorin bygger på Goffmans bok Totala institutioner- fyra essäer om anstaltslivets sociala villkor. Goffman menar att en total institution kännetecknas av inneslutande tendenser, dessa har jag försökt att applicera på resultatet. I resultatet visas till exempel att institutionen Skogbys regelsystem är centrala i verksamheten och att regelöverträdelserna beivras med hjälp av utebliven belöning.
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Mottaghi, Leila. "Dam knäckt av kung : En kvalitativ studie om varför misshandlade kvinnor stannar kvar hos männen som slår." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167985.
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"Dam knäckt av kung" handlar om varför en misshandlad kvinna stannar kvar hos mannen som slår. Det kan ofta vara svårt att förstå och för att ge en bättre bild av detta har jag intervjuat tre kvinnor som har upplevt misshandel av mannen de levt med. Jag har även tittat på olika teorier om till exempel hur en identitet skapas och hur en social verklighet kan förändras under speciella situationer, såsom under misshandelsförhållanden. Bland dessa teorier finns Berger & Luckmann´s (1971) teori om socialisation och internalisering av någon annans synsätt, Goffman´s (1983) totala institutioner och E.Lundgrens (2004) normaliseringsprocess. Jag analyserar mina intervjuer och teorier för att bättre förstå varför kvinnan stannar. En man som misshandlar har ofta total kontroll över kvinnan han slår. Den kontrollen får han genom att successivt bryta ner kvinnan. För att kunna bryta ner henne använder han sig av olika metoder. Det är allt ifrån att isolera kvinnan och få henne att bryta med familj och vänner. Han kan använda sig av våld och hot så att kvinnan inte ska våga gå ifrån honom och han kan förnedra och kränka kvinnan så att hon tillslut inte har kvar bilden av den hon en gång var. Han sänker henne så lågt att hon till slut tar över mannens syn och tror på de hemska orden han säger om henne. Oftast är det en kombination av metoder vilket gör det ännu svårare för kvinnan. Då mannen har isolerat kvinnan har hon inget socialt nätverk kvar, vilket också är en viktig del i att klara av ett lämnande. Tillslut har isoleringen, våldet och kontrollen blivit vardag för kvinnan och normaliseringen är ett faktum. Mannens kontroll är total. Informanterna är kvinnor som har varit med om detta och jag tolkar här deras upplevelser och känslor när det gäller kvinnomisshandel. Många tror att de aldrig skulle hamna i en situation där den de älskar slår dem. Men forskning visar att det kan hända vilken kvinna som helst, det finns inga kriterier för att bli en misshandlad kvinna!
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Ranhagen, Sylvia, and Nina Bergius. "Hur påverkas individen av anstaltsvistelser och ett tidigare kriminellt leverne?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21395.
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Detta är en kvalitativ studie vars syfte är att genom intervjuer med tidigare kriminella vuxna undersöka deras upplevelser av vilken påverkan anstaltsvistelser och ett tidigare kriminellt leverne har gällande socialt umgänge och identitet. Vi utförde intervjuer med fyra individer med nu ordnad tillvaro. Frågorna ställdes utifrån en semistrukturerad intervjuguide som baserades på uppsatsens syfte, tidigare forskning, och teori. Även om anstaltsvistelserna upplevts påtvingade och konstlade har respondenterna i varierande grad kunnat påverka sin tillvaro och det sociala umgänget. Det har funnits ett stort avståndstagande mellan intagna och anstaltspersonal. Vid frigivning har respondenterna upplevt ångest och vissa har fått anpassningssvårigheter till ett liv i frihet. Självbilden har utvecklats genom social interaktion med nära anhöriga. Vårt resultat visar även att respondenterna har blivit ofördelaktigt bemötta av myndigheter, arbetsgivare och enskilda individer.
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Hultgren, Peter. "Misstänkt – på förhand dömd? : En diskursanalys av två textmaterial från det svenska rättsväsendet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-103769.
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Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka, med diskursanalys som metod, hur den som är misstänkt för brott konstrueras och vilka maktdiskurser som kan exponeras i två textmaterial utgivna av det svenska rättsväsendet. Det huvudsakliga empiriska materialet är rapporten Häktningstider och restriktioner och det andra textmaterialet som används av Kriminalvården och som finns tillgängligt för häktade är, Information till häktade. Teorier som används utöver diskursanalys och Michel Foucault, är Erving Goffmans teori om totala institutioner. Uppsatsens resultat visar på att ”den misstänkte” konstrueras i de två textmaterialen, i stor grad som mer än bara misstänkt, utan i flera hänseenden som implicit skyldig, trots att denna bara är misstänkt för brott. Vidare exponeras inom ”häktesdiskursen” en diskrepans mellan två teman: utredning och humanitet. Maktdiskursen eller maktutövandet förekommer i utredningstemat. Det är detta tema som legitimeras i störst utsträckning, på bekostnad av humanitetstemat. Dessa resultat visar på att det Svenska rättsväsendet har en förtryckande funktion mot den som sitter frihetsberövad, misstänkt för brott. Resultaten diskuteras i förhållande till tidigare forskning omfattande både häkte och anstalt som tar upp ämnen som psykisk ohälsa och antiterroristmetoder.
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Frick, Nina, and Pia Andersson. "Institutionsskada : Ett led i social kontroll och stigmatisering?" Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-440.
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Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie baserad på intervjuer. Vi har använt oss av en hermeneutisk ansats vid tolkning av intervjuerna. Syftet med studien har varit att förklara hur personalens stämpling och utövning av social kontroll på ungdomar som vistats på institution ökar riskerna för institutionsskada. Vi har relaterat institutionsskada till fem stycken faktorer som påverkar ungdomens möjligheter att bryta sig in i samhället. Vid analys av vår empiri har vi använt oss av tre olika teorier. Dels Goffmans teorier om totala institutioner och stigmatisering och dels Beckers teori om stämpling. Slutsatsen vi har kommit fram till är att personalen främst stämplar ungdomen gällande ansvarsfaktorn och att detta ökar riskerna för att en ungdom blir institutionsskadad. Vidare kan den sociala kontrollen öka riskerna för institutionsskada om personalen kränker en ungdom och när personalen, i och med den sociala kontrollen, missbrukar sin makt.
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Henriksson, Johanna. "På olika villkor : En intervjustudie om häktades och kriminalvårdares upplevelser av häktet." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9244.
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Different Perspectives is a study of detainees' and guards' experiences of the remand prison. The result of the study shows that the remand prison brings forth the individuals anxiety, stress and fear. The individual detained in remand prison have a great need for contact with their families, but also with the guards. In the remand prison there is always a great level of control and always some kind of power practised. It is the guards who have the power and the competences to make the individuals detained in remand prison follow the rules and do what they have been told. The society possesses biases and a great curiosity about remand prisons and the people being there. This can lead to stigmatization among both the detained individuals as well as the guards.
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Åström, Jennie. "Fångarna, fängelset och motståndet." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8956.
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Den här uppsatsen behandlar kriminalvården utifrån fångarnas perspektiv som den skildras i tidningen Kåkbladet, som är skriven av fångar i Sverige och som även i första hand riktar sig till fångar. De intagna skribenternas upplevelser av kriminalvården läggs fram genom en diskursanalys av Kåkbladet. Analysen visar hur fångarna framställer sig själva och den personal som dagligen arbetar med dem i fängelset samt vilken bild fångarna målar upp av kriminalvården som institution. Livet i fängelset skildras i texterna som präglat av kontroll och fångarna förmedlar en upplevd maktlöshet inför sin situation. I samband med denna upplevelse skapas i texterna strategier för motmakt där fångarna genom gemensamt motstånd gör anspråk på att sätta sig upp mot kontrollen. Uppsatsen utgår från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt synsätt där den verklighet som framställs i Kåkbladet ses som en konstruktion av talet. Goffmans teori om totala institutioner används tillsammans med annan forskning om fängelset och totala institutioner som ett teoretiskt ramverk för att fördjupa förståelsen av analysresultatet.
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Johansson, Frida. "Ingen vill hamna snett - EN TEXTANALYS AV TVÅNGSVÅRDADE UNGDOMARS LIVSERFARENHETER." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24501.
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Varje år kommer ungefär 1100 ungdomar till Statens institutionsstyrelse när de frivilliga insatserna för vård och behandling inte ansetts varit tillräckliga. En placering på en låst enhet inom SiS förutsätter ett beslut om vård enligt LVU §§3 eller 6 och/eller har dömts till LSU. Sedan 2003 ger SiS årligen ut en bok, där placerade ungdomar får möjlighet att skriva en valfri text där många unga väljer att skriva om tiden på institutionen eller hur de hamnade där. Denna uppsats är en textanalys av ungdomarnas egna texter i syfte att belysa hur tvångsvårdade unga beskriver sina livserfarenheter och sin upplevelse av tillvaron på en institution. Den här uppsatsen belyser hur ungdomarna uppfattar sin situation med hjälp av Goffmans teori om stigma och totala institutionen, samt med hjälp av Bowlby och Ainsworth anknytningsteori. De unga upplever att de saknar makt över sina liv, de upplever att de saknar egen kontroll, samtidigt som de är utlämnade åt sig själva. Det börjar oftast med fel umgänge som kan leda till en start med droger eller kriminella handlingar. Det är vanligt förekommande att ungdomarna blir sexuellt utnyttjade redan i tidig barndom, i vissa fall av en närstående. Många av ungdomarna har hunnit uppleva mycket i en tidig ålder. En familj med bristande tillsyn eller mycket föräldrakonflikter är en riskfaktor. Det är vanligt förekommande att samhället ser de unga som en risk för både omgivningen och för sig själva. Studien är viktig för socialt arbete eftersom det är många olika aktörer som är delaktiga i ungdomarnas liv när de placeras på ett särskilt ungdomshem. Det är viktigt för socialt arbete att man aldrig glömmer hur svårt det kan vara för barnet som är i situationen att eventuellt tas ifrån sin familj och placeras på en institution.Each year, about 1,100 young people come to the State Institution Board when the voluntary efforts for care and treatment have not been successful. A placement on a locked unit within SiS requires a decision on care according to LVU or LSU. Since 2003, SiS has published a book, where placed youths have the opportunity to write a text about things that is important for them to share, for example about their time at the institution or how they ended up inside. The essay is a text analysis of young people´s own texts with the aim of illustrating how forced young people describe their life experiences and their experience of being inside an institution. This essay illustrates how young people perceive their situation with the help of Goffman's theory of stigma and the overall institution, and with the help of Bowlby and Ainsworth attachment theory. The youths feel that they lack control over their lives, they feel that they lack self-control, at the same time that they are left to themselves. It usually starts with interacting with the wrong people and may lead to drug addiction and criminal behavior. It is common for young people to be sexually abused as early as childhood, in some cases by a close relative. Many of the youths have had to experience a lot at an early age. A family with inadequate supervision or a lot of parental conflicts is a risk factor. It is common for society to see young people as a risk to both themselves and the surroundings. The study is important for social work because there are many different actors who are involved in young people’s lives when they are placed in a Juvenile institution. It is important for social work that you never forget how difficult it can be for the child who is in the situation to possibly be taken away from his or her family and placed inside an institution.
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Judice, Jacob Lucas, and Mohammad Reza Ghavibal. "Visst går det bra med makaroner på söndag!" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25797.
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Målet med vårt arbete var att ta reda på hur personal inom vård och omsorg för vuxna enligt LSS 9 § 9 upplever sitt bemötande gentemot vårdtagarna. Våra frågeställningar var: Vad har personalen för kunskap om personer med autismspektrumtillstånd?Hur bemöter personalen brukarna vid konflikter? Förekommer det kränkningar eller tvångsåtgärder på gruppbostaden? Hur upplever personalen fenomenet kränkningar och begräsningsåtgärder gentemot brukarna?För att genomföra denna studie använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod. Det empiriska materialet i studien samlades in genom sex intervjuer med personal från olika gruppbostäder enligt LSS. För att analysera våra insamlade empiriska data använde vi oss av teorier och teoretiska begrepp som disciplin och normalisering, maktrelationer och institutioner.Vår analys resulterade i sju olika teman; att leva upp till omgivningens värderingar och normer, tvång och övergrepp, personalens dubbla roller, välviljan och den eviga barndomen, faktorer som leder till utbrott och utbildning.Våra resultat visar hur personalen överför sina värderingar på användarna att påverka dem i en viss riktning. Som personal, hamnar man i vissa situationer där du måste tolka patientens önskemål pga kommunikationsproblem med brukaren.Kränkningar mot brukarna uppfattar personalen att vara när de själva låter nedsättande till brukarna och hur man tenderar att påverka dem i den riktningen för att tillfredställa sina egna idealoch värderingar.Det finns en välvilja hos personalen för att det ska gå bra för sina vårdtagare och de blir oroliga för att dessa skadar sig. Denna rädslan kan resultera att vårdtagarna blir alltför kontrollerade. Personalen står ständigt inför etiska överväganden i arbetet med dessa människor. Genom kontinuerlig reflektion, särskild utbildning och handledning får personalen bättre förutsättningar för att hantera dessa situationer. Personalen på dessa gruppbostäder är ibland den enda kontakten dessa vårdtagare har med omvärlden. Brukarna hamnar därför i ett beroendeförhållande till sin omgivning och personal, detta i sin tur gör att brukarna hamnar i en sårbar position. Svårigheter att kommunicera med vårdtagarna och personalens bristande förmåga att förstå dessa människor kan leda till utbrott och konflikter. Det är då personalen inte förstår situationen som konflikter uppstår. Återkommande faktorer som kan orsaka utbrott hos vårdtagarna är stress, brist på struktur och smärta.The aim of our work was to find out how staff in residential care activities for adults LSS 9 § 9 experience their own treatment with a focus on coercion and abuses against consumers. In pursuit of our purpose following questions were raised: How does human users during conflicts and outbreaks? What do staff their own professional role functioning over the users? What is the staff of the knowledge of people with autism spectrum disorders? To conduct this study, we used a qualitative approach. The empirical data in our study were collected through six interviews with staff from various group homes. To analyze our collected empirical data, we have taken the help of theories and theoretical concepts such as discipline and normalization, power relations, institutions and overall problem-creating behavior.Our analysis resulted in seven different themes, users must live up to the ambient values and norms, our experiences of coercion and abuse, by staff's dual roles, staff courtesy, & the patient's eternal childhood, treatment of conflict, the factors leading to outbreaks and education.Our results show how the staff transmits its values on the users to influence them in a certain direction. As a staff, you end up in certain situations where you have to interpret the patient's wishes due. Communication difficulties with the user.Violations and enforcement actions against consumers perceive staff to be when it sounds demeaning to customers and how to tend to affect them in some way to satisfy their own or under the ideal. There is willingness among staff that it will go well their patients and they are also afraid that consumers suffer. This fear may result in violating the patient through the infringement of sovereignty.The staff is constantly faced with ethical considerations in the treatment of consumers. Sometimes you need to restrain a patient for the latter to take a blood test. Through continuous reflections, special training and supervision the staff gets better conditions to deal with these situations.The staff is sometimes the only contact customers have with the outside world. Users are therefore very dependent on staff for their basic needs.In response to conflict situations, staff written individual action plans for how to proceed. In conflicts, the majority of respondents refer the patient to his apartment. Sometimes there are situations where the police must be called.Difficulty in communicating with customers and staff's lack of ability to understand these can lead to outbreaks of users. That is when staff do not understand the users that chaos occurs. Recurring conditions that can cause outbreaks are stress, lack of structure and pain.
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Bennhage, Axel. "Från soldatyrket till det civila mörkret : En kvalitativ studie om övergången mellan två världar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-109077.
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Syftet med denna studie har varit att analysera ett antal svenska soldaters övergångar från det militära livet till det civila livet, vilka faktorer som kan underlätta respektive försvåra dessa övergångar samt vilka konsekvenser det får att ha ett yrke som säger sig erbjuda en livsstil. En gruppintervju och fem enskilda intervjuer med sammanlagt sex individer som är eller har varit anställda som soldater vid K3 i Karlsborg har genomförts för att kunna besvara studiens syfte. Resultaten visar att soldaternas identiteter i regel påverkas starkt av den militära institutionen, där en militär livsstil följer av tjänstgöringen. Identiteterna formas tidigt under tjänstgöringen och blir dessutom bestående efter att soldatlivet har lämnats. En konsekvens av detta blir att många upplever en känsla av identitetskris-/förvirring när de lämnar yrket vilket i sin tur resulterar i att flera kommer tillbaka till Försvarsmakten ganska snart efter att de sagt upp sig, eller söker sig till yrken som liknar det militära. Slutsatsen är att Försvarsmakten bör fortsätta arbetet med karriärväxlingsstöd för soldater och se till att detta sätts in i ett tidigt skede, även om målsättningen är att soldaterna ska vilja vara kvar så länge som möjligt på sina kontrakt
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Dargère, Christophe. "La violence institutionnelle comme mode d’ajustement de filière : ethnographie et lecture goffmanienne d’une institution médico-sociale." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20008.
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Notre société possède une vaste coulisse contenant nombre d’individus considérés comme improductifs, déviants, inadaptés. Un partie de cette coulisse a pour fonction de contenir ces individus, et de les maintenir, parfois une vie durant, à la périphérie de notre évolution sociétale, dans des espaces n’ayant qu’une porosité réduite voir nulle avec la matrice sociale de référence. Ce processus de maintien repose sur la logique de filière : institution pour enfants, puis pour adolescents, puis pour adultes travailleurs, puis maison de retraite adaptée. La stabilisation de cette population dans ces cantonnements se fabrique avec les effets pervers du fonctionnement institutionnel, et notamment avec la violence institutionnelle qui régule ce fonctionnement. Pour illustrer cette idée, et tenter de décortiquer cette violence (issue d’une commande utopique, d’une mission originellement impossible à mettre en place) qui entrave les rouages de tout établissement « spécialisé », notre travail de recherche propose de mettre en perspective cette violence institutionnelle, inhérente au fonctionnement d’un institut-médico-professionnel recevant des adolescents placés et orientés par les instances officielles pour « déficience intellectuelle légère ». Cette étude est une ethnographie de terrain, puisque la méthode de travail repose exclusivement sur une observation participante. L’auteur, endossant la mission d’instituteur spécialisé, a passé six ans dans la structure avec ce statut, avant de l’observer pendant deux autres années, consignant sur un carnet de bord des scènes de vie quotidienne se déroulant dans l’institution (salle de classe, couloirs, salle du personnel, salle de réunion, réfectoire, …), mais aussi à l’extérieur de l’institution (rue, espaces divers, …). Inspiré par la sociologie d’Erving Goffman, cette analyse institutionnelle qualifie la structure selon des concepts goffmaniens (institution totale, institution totalitaire), des concepts de l’école de Chicago réajustés (institution bâtarde), voire des concepts élaborés (institution stigmate). Nous proposons de démontrer comment la promiscuité entre les usagers, l’hétérogénéité de la population, la complexité de la mission confiée à l’institution, la sanction du placement institutionnel, et la condition du personnel fabriquent un ensemble complexe, inextricable, pathogène, bridant l’évolution du pensionnaire de l’institution médico-sociale, « l’ajustant » à la filière suivante, et le maintenant dans une coulisse sociale ne lui offrant pas de perspective échappatoire, ni de retour vers « la société mère »In our society there is a vast wing containing a number of individuals who are considered unproductive, abnormal or maladjusted. Part of its function is to contain and maintain these individuals, sometimes for an entire lifetime, on the edges of our society's evolution, in spaces, which have only limited or no contact with mainstream society. This process of maintenance follows a chain of logic: an institution for children, likewise for teenagers, then for working adults, then an adapted nursing home. The stabilisation of this population within this system, perversely, is facilitated by function of the institution, and in particular by the culture of institutional violence through which it is regulated. To illustrate this, and to try to analyse this form of violence, which derives from a utopian order, from a mission which is fundamentally impossible to implement, and which hinders the wheels of every 'specialised' establishment: the present research puts into perspective the institutional violence, inherent, as it is, in the operation of an institut-medico-professional (a state special needs training facility) which receives teenagers who have been placed there by officials for 'slight mental retardation'. This research is an insider-study, as the method of research derives exclusively from participatory-observation. The author spent six years working as a Special Needs Teacher inside the establishment studied; then, for a further two years, systematically recorded into his logbook scenes of daily life, which took place within this institution (e.g. in classrooms, corridors, the staff room, meeting rooms, the cafeteria). Inspired by the social theories of Erving Goffman, this institutional analysis describes the target in terms of Goffman's concepts of “Total Institutions”, adjusted concepts from the Chicago School (“Bastard Institutions”), and elaborated concepts of “Stigma Institution”. This research proposes to demonstrate how the proximity and heterogeneity of the inmates, the complexity of the mission entrusted to the institution, the sanction of institutionalising a child, and the working conditions of the staff, all have resulted in a combination which is complex, pathogenic and intractable. Thus it restrains the evolution of the inmates of the institut-medico-professional, it “adjusts” them to follow along within the system, and places them within a social wing, which offers them neither any perspective on how to escape, nor any path to return to the “mainstream society”
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Lecompte, Hélène. "Une institution « totale » : enquête ethnographique d'un service d'oncopédiatrie." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3034.
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Les progrès thérapeutiques de ces dernières décennies ont soulevé de nouvelles questions, notamment sur la réinsertion sociale des enfants atteints de cancer. Afin de préparer la guérison, les pouvoirs publics ont réaffirmé la nécessité d'ouvrir les services hospitaliers à l'extérieur pour tenir compte des besoins spécifiques des enfants. Ainsi, des enseignants s'occupent de leur instruction, des éducateurs de jeunes enfants veillent à leur distraction et les parents assurent une présence continue. Tous ces acteurs participent à la matérialisation d'un espace de prise en charge réunissant diverses institutions ; rassemblent qui suppose une cohabitation entre la famille, l'école et l'hôpital. A quelles conditions cette collaboration institutionnelle peut-elle s'effectuer ? L'organisation des soins est-elle infléchie par al présence de ces nouveaux acteurs ? Ce fonctionnement pluri-institutionnel signe-t'il une moindre emprise de l'hôpital sur les malades ? En analysant la nature de la prise en charge hospitalière des enfants atteints de cancer, cette recherche étudie les effets durables d'une telle expérience sur leur construction identitaire.
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Enell, Sofia. "Transit i samhällsvården : När unga utreds på särskilda ungdomshem." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-47346.
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This thesis is about assessments of young people in secure accommodations. Institutional assessments relate to the paradox in child welfare of combining control and care. The procedure raises questions about their implications for young people, their caseworkers and evolving care trajectories. Although institutional assessments of young people have a historical heritage, research about their implications is lacking. The aim of the thesis is to explore young people’s and their caseworkers’ experiences of assessments in secure accommodations and their implications for young people’s care trajectories. Methods used are primarily repeated interviews with 16 young people during a period of two years and one interview with their caseworkers. Surveys about 85 youths, participatory observations and written assessments are also included. This thesis takes an interactionist approach and the material has been analysed with the main concept of care trajectory along with the concepts of self-presentation, total institution, institutional identity and texts as coordinators. The results are presented in four papers. The concluding analysis shows that assessments in secure accommodations can be divided into three elements: the practice, the text and the placement. These three elements have different implications for the young people and the caseworkers. For the young people the practice and the placement converge into an assessment universe that, with the text, intensifies their shaping of self-identity. The young people’s experiences are characterised by lack of control over their self-presentations, the present and the future. For the caseworkers, the practice has implications for their understanding of the young people’s individual troubles, the text for negotiating with other actors and the placement in their efforts to achieve change in the young people’s troublesome situations. The assessments’ implications for stability and foreseeability in the young people’s further care trajectories are limited. Moreover, the procedure of assessing young people in itself contains instability through involving several professionals in different parts of the assessment and decision-making process. Despite lack of stability, the thesis reveals that some young people experience the assessment as a place for self-development and where the course of the care trajectory changes to the better.
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Hoppe, Stephan. "Die totale Institution Segelschiff als abenteuer- und erlebnispädagogisches Medium." [München] : Grin, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018771173&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Jezierski, Wojtek. "Total St Gall : Medieval Monastery as a Disciplinary Institution." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-43166.
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How much was a medieval monastery reminiscent of a modern prison? Or insane asylum? And if it was in the least - what can such a metaphor tell us about power relations structuring the life of medieval monks? The purpose of this compilation thesis (sammanläggningsavhandling) is to render explicit and analyze relations of power and modes of control comprising the social tissue of early medieval Benedictine monasteries. By bringing up the examples of tenth- and eleventh-century monasteries of St Gall, Fulda, and Bury St Edmunds, this thesis seeks to understand what power was in medieval monasteries, how and between whom it was exercised, what and how it affected in terms of collective and individual identity. The thesis consists of three introductory chapters, four previously published empirical articles, and a concluding remarks section. Article 1 investigates the problem of surveillance and patterns of social control dispersed in the monastery of St Gall. Article 2 studies the early and high medieval institutional expectations and means of enforcement of the monk’s role. Article 3 scrutinizes an example of a persecution process and a set of defense measures in the hands of the St Gall community warding off an unwanted visitor. Article 4 examines a number of internal monastic conflicts from several monasteries and strategies, both political and cognitive, guiding them. In investigating these problems, the thesis proceeds in a manner of deliberate anachronism. It asks questions about how human subjectivity was manufactured in early medieval St Gall, what were a medieval monastery’s ‘conditions of possibility’ to operate as a social regime, or oral and literary means of conflict management etc. The crucial modern social theories on which the thesis hinges are: Erving Goffman’s notion of ‘total institution’, and Michel Foucault’s analysis of power, as well as Pierre Bourdieu’s logic of action.
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Bögemann, Heinz-Dieter. "Gesundheitsförderung in totalen Institutionen am Beispiel einer geschlossenen Justizvollzugsanstalt." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969394802.
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Hamilton, Anne. "A world of their own? : the novel and the total institution." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6787/.
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A World of Their Own? The Novel and the Total Institution is an exploration of the sociological concept of the Total Institution with particular reference to its relationship with English literature, followed by the presentation of Chasing Elena, an original novel. The term ‘Total Institution’, attributed to Erving Goffman (1961) encapsulates an environment in which a large number of individuals participate in an enclosed and formally administered way of life. Chapter 1 of the critical text defines the Total Institution and sets the scene for Chapter 2, which examines selected literary texts that feature life in all-encompassing institutions and considers Goffman’s ‘moral career of the inmate’ in terms of the experiences of the fictional characters. Chapter 3 is a literature review reflecting upon Goffman’s work. It expands the model and metaphor of the Total Institution and includes my original interpretation of the concept called here the ‘New Total Institution’. Chapter 4 offers a close reading of contemporary literary texts in which this new interpretation is examined for strength and sustainability when applied to a belief system, a social structure and an isolated physical environment respectively. Chapter 5 considers the relevance of the (New) Total Institution, initially, in terms of the family. It then highlights specific groups of people who live in constrained and constraining circumstances: those affected by domestic abuse, and displaced persons such as refugees. Chapter 6 turns to the relationship between the (New) Total Institution and the novel, looking at the choices and experiences of the writer and the reader. It goes on to describe the ways in which the (New) Total Institution has informed the writing of Chasing Elena. Finally, this novel is presented in its entirety.
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Täubig, Vicki. "Totale Institution Asyl : empirische Befunde zu alltäglichen Lebensführungen in der organisierten Desintegration /." Weinheim : Juventa, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3184283&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Täubig, Vicki. "Totale Institution Asyl empirische Befunde zu alltäglichen Lebensführungen in der organisierten Desintegration." Weinheim München Juventa-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/991499271/04.
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Chantraine, Gilles. "Expériences carcérales en maison d'arrêt : approche socio-historique et biographique d'une institution totale." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50377-2002-7.pdf.
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Notre optique émerge de l'histoire de l'enfermement carcéral, de la sociologie de la prison, de la sociologie interactionniste de la déviance et de l'approche biographique en sociologie. L'objet consiste à analyser et comprendre les expériences carcérales de celles et de ceux qui traversent les maisons d'arrêt en tant que détenu(e)s. Le travail de terrain est constitué d'une série d'entretiens biographiques non-directifs, réalisés en maison d'arrêt ou avec d'ancien(ne)s détenu(e)s, et d'entretiens semi-directifs effectués avec des membres de l'administration pénitentiaire et autres intervenants du cœur de la détention. Après avoir décrit, depuis la naissance de la prison pour peine à la fin du XVIIIe siècle jusqu'à nos jours, le travail historique de pérennisation des fonctions sociales de l'enfermement carcéral, ainsi que les ressorts de la construction sociale contemporaine de la population carcérale, le dispositif empirique a permis de développer deux volets distincts mais complémentaires. D'abord, une double typologie des rapports à l'enfermement et des trajectoires carcérales de détenu(e)s a permis de comprendre l'inscription d'une détention ou d'une série de détentions dans une biographie. Ensuite, les analyses des modes de gestion du temps carcéral, de la production négociée de l'ordre en détention, enfin de l'impact des différents soutiens extérieurs, matériels et symboliques, sur les conditions de vie intra muros, ont permis d'affiner l'appréhension sociologique de la tension carcérale qui caractérise l'institution aujourd'hui, entre ouverture relative et persistance de son cadre sécuritaire. La volonté de décrire le formidable système de contraintes que constitue l'enfermement carcéral et celle de ne pas réduire pour autant l'acteur reclus au statut d'être réactif à ces contraintes, ont permis d'affiner, puis de décaler, la définition goffmanienne de l'institution totale, point de mire théorique de la recherche.
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Hussain, Farzana. "The implementation of total quality management at a tertiary education institution / Hussain F." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7363.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the total quality management of the academic administration services’ post–graduate department within the Potchefstroom Campus of the North–West University, in terms of the following:
– The implementation of TQM at the University
– The organisational profiles of the University
– How the organisation’s goals and missions are structured around the needs of its customers
– Total Quality Management is a concept generally used throughout organisations providing tertiary education in South Africa. There are, however, some universities that do not use TQM. This study investigates the use of TQM within a tertiary education institution at the post–graduate administration department.
The results of the problems experienced through the implementation of TQM are reported in this study.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Kirstein, Wolfgang. "Das Konzentrationslager als Institution totalen Terrors : das Beispiel des KL Natzweiler /." Pfaffenweiler : Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35602160q.
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McGuire, Tammy. "Spiritual labor and spiritual dissonance in the total institution of the parochial boarding school." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4381.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 6, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Horvath, Tamas. "Organizational Resilience in a Quasi-Total Institution: The U.S. Army Engages the Millennial Generation." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/549568.
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Business Administration/InterdisciplinaryD.B.A.
This research examines the United States Army’s adaptation and organizational resilience as it faces the phenomenon of what is commonly assumed to be the drastically different millennial generation of potential recruits, soldiers, and future leaders. Millennials are arguably the most unique generation to date when compared to their predecessors, mainly due to the significant technological advances of the past few decades and their ubiquitous use of technology. This study is distinctive because it addresses organizational resilience and generational gap issues from a cultural maintenance versus an adaptation and resilience viewpoint within what the author argues is presently a quasi-total, rather than total, institution. The study results refute important claims in the existing literature, which label the U.S. Army a total institution. That designation is no longer accurate because the modern U.S. Army has changed drastically. The ‘total institution’ label for the modern U.S. Army is only true during certain periods of the soldier’s experience, such as during onboarding or deployment. Thus, the label quasi-total is a better descriptor of the modern U.S. Army. Still, the U.S. Army’s need to change, so that it can recruit, train, accommodate, and retain this younger generation as an employer, must be balanced with preserving the organizational ability, culture and identity essential for the U.S. Army to function. That constant need for balance between accommodation and maintenance of core values and processes has mitigated the ‘total institution’ mindset of old. That is a major finding of this study. This study is an exploratory investigation using formal theme statements in an interview format given to the top 1% of the 1% of the U.S. Army’s leadership, as well as to lower ranking millennial soldiers. In this it is rare, if not unique. It is a problem-solving exploratory effort. In addition to a review of existing literature on related interdisciplinary topics, the study collected and analyzed empirical data in the forms of semi-structured interviews of senior grade non-millennial officers in Part 2, and, in Part 3, interviews of junior grade millennial generation soldiers who are currently serving. The study took a holistic approach to understand relevant views of different generations presently in the service and harvested the experiences and perspectives of senior leaders who have witnessed the U.S. Army’s transition firsthand. The findings indicate that several junior millennial respondents had contrary views and values to the assumptions society makes about them. Nor did they identify with the stereotypes of common views and biases about their generation. Amid signifying that not all millennials are alike, this discovery more importantly implies that assimilation to a strong organizational culture can transcend and/or alter presumed generational characteristics and norms, thereby demonstrating the U.S. Army’s resilience at the organizational level. The study showcases the uniqueness of the U.S. Army: as a ‘quasi-total institution’ it differs from others so labeled because it becomes much less total as the member spends more time in it. As an organization, the U.S. Army is different from most others because it must retain its talent since it has to grow leadership internally. Finally, its strong culture is essential to daily operations. Despite those facts that make the subject organization unique, parts of the study are relevant to many businesses globally which face similar issues of organizational adaptation versus resilience enfolding their multi-generational millennial versus non-millennial workforce.
Temple University--Theses
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Abu, Zayed Mohammed. "Total Quality Management: the Case for the Public Sector: a Comparative Study of the Implementation of Total Quality Management in Three Health Care Organizations." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1313.
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Total quality management [TQM] is an approach to improving the competitiveness, effectiveness and flexibility of the whole organization through the improvement of the organizational processes and those who perform them. There has been a rising interest among public sector professionals in examining the applicability and usefulness of TQM methods to public organizations. This research provides descriptive information about the experience of three health care organizations that vary in terms of ownership, whether being publicly or privately owned, with implementing TQM. Participants at these organizations were interviewed, and/or surveyed and observed. The study provides a narrative description of each organization's experience with TQM (their Quality Story) and it compares the implementation of TQM in the three organizations. Moreover, the study explores what role, if any, does ownership have on the implementation of TQM. Finally, the study presents some lessons that could be derived from the experience of these organizations. Conclusions are drawn that TQM could be successfully implemented in both sectors, provided that the process of implementation follows the specific guidelines and principles established in the field. Moreover, difference in ownership between public and private organizations, though important, is not the major factor influencing the implementation and any possible outcomes of a TQM innovation effort. It is rather the involvement and commitment of top management that seem to have the upper hand in influencing the implementation and any possible outcomes of TQM, in public as well as private organizations. However, the research suggests that public sector organizations are more challenged in implementing TQM, due to the multiplicity of their customers and more scrutiny of the tax payer and the media.
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Walker, Matthew A. "“If You Open the Cage: Former Slave Mens' Transitions from Slavery, and The Legacy of a Total Institution."." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1590185455119833.
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Melki, Gina, and Patricia Melke. "Institutionaliserade recept i Trafikverket : En kandidatuppsats om kvalitetsstyrning och tjänstedesign." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45761.
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The purpose of the essay is to study why and how the Swedish Transport Administration has applied quality management and service design. This study applies the institutional theory and theory behind New Public Management. Total Quality Management and service design are used as study objects. A qualitative method with an abductive approach has been used. The authors use primary and secondary data, which have been collected through semi-structured interviews and (final) reports from the Swedish Transport Administration. According to the employees and (final) reports, The Swedish Transport administration was motivated to apply quality management due to faults in the facilities, and service design due to lack of railway descriptions. The Swedish Transport Administration's quality management work takes place, among other things, through the four-step principle, the project model and ISO standards when working on railways. The Swedish Transport Administration works with service design from an outside and in perspective, to understand its customers and to create successful outcomes in the organization. This is done by, among other things, introducing service maps and creating value for customers.Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera varför och hur Trafikverket har tillämpat kvalitetsstyrningsarbete samt tjänstedesignarbete. Denna studie tillämpar den institutionella teorin och teorin bakom New Public Management. Total Quality Management och tjänstedesign används som studieobjekt. En kvalitativ metod med en abduktiv ansats har använts. Författarna använder sig av primär-och sekundärdata, vilka har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer samt (slut)rapporter från Trafikverket. Enligt de anställda och (slut)rapporterna, motiverades Trafikverket till att tillämpa kvalitetsstyrning på grund av fel i anläggningarna och tjänstedesign på grund av bristande järnvägsbeskrivningar. Trafikverkets kvalitetsstyrningarbete sker bland annat genom fyrstegsprincipen, projektmodellen och ISO standarder vid arbete på järnväg. Trafikverket arbetar med tjänstedesign utifrån ett utifrån- och in perspektiv, för att förstå sina kunder och skapa framgångsrika utfall i organisationen. Detta genom att bland annat införa tjänstekartor och skapa värde för kund.
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Lima, Daniel Guilherme de. "Efeitos das reformas institucionais no setor bancário sobre a produtividade dos bancos brasileiros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-07102016-123744/.
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Este trabalho visa estudar a evolução da produtividade dos bancos brasileiros ao longo dos anos de 2000 a 2014, analisando o período pré e pós 2003, quando iniciou-se a introdução de reformas institucionais que afetaram o setor bancário, dando base à sustentabilidade do crescimento do crédito na economia e fortalecendo a estrutura das operações tanto à pessoa física quanto à pessoa jurídica. O estudo é introduzido através da estimação de funções de produção e obtenção de medidas de produtividade total dos fatores (PTF) para 86 bancos individuais, empregando as técnicas de Levinsohn e Petrin (2003) e de Ackerberg, Caves e Frazer (2015) para controlar problemas de endogeneidade e colinearidade que surgem por conta da variável não observada (produtividade) e da escolha dos insumos. Os bancos foram divididos em três grupos: (i) intensivos em operações de crédito, utilizando como critério a razão de operações de crédito/total do ativo maior ou igual a 50% no período anterior às reformas; (ii) não intensivos em operações de crédito, reunindo bancos com a razão anteriormente mencionada menor que 10%, tendo como premissa que esse conjunto não é afetado diretamente pelas reformas; e (iii) os cinco maiores bancos do sistema financeiro brasileiro em relação ao ativo total. Os resultados mostram que (i) a produtividade agregada dos bancos oscilava sem direção definida no período anterior às reformas, mas mostraram um crescimento após as reformas; (ii) bancos intensivos em operações de crédito apresentaram ganho de produtividade de 7,0% a.a. após as reformas, totalizando 110,7% no período de 2004 a 2014, o que representa um crescimento bem mais expressivo que os 4,3% a.a. para os bancos não intensivos, totalizando ganho de 58,9% após as reformas; e (iii) maior realocação do produto de bancos menos produtivos para bancos mais produtivos durante a crise financeira mundial de 2008.This paper aims to study the productivity of Brazilian banks from 2000 to 2014, analyzing the period before and after 2003, when began the introduction of institutional reforms affecting the banking sector, supporting the sustainability of credit growth in the economy and strengthening the structure of operations both to individuals as to legal entities. The study is introduced by estimating production functions and obtaining the total factor productivity (TFP) for 86 individual banks, implementing the methodology proposed by Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) and Ackerberg, Caves and Frazer (2015) to control problems of endogeneity and collinearity that arise due to the unobserved variable (productivity) and the choice of inputs. Banks were divided into three groups: (i) intensive in credit operations, using as criteria the ratio of credit operations/total assets greater than or equal to 50% in the period before the reforms; (ii) non-intensive in credit operations, bringing together banks with aforementioned ratio less than 10%, with the assumption that this group is not directly affected by the reforms; and (iii) the five largest banks in the Brazilian financial system in relation to total assets. The results show that (i) the aggregate productivity of banks fluctuated without a defined direction in the period before the reforms, but showed growth after the reforms; (ii) intensive banks in credit operations showed productivity gains of 7.0% (compound annual growth rate) after the reforms, totaling 110.7% from 2004 to 2014, which represents a much more significant growth than the 4.3% per year for non-intensive banks, totaling a gain of 58.9% after the reforms; and (iii) higher relocation of the product from less productive to more productive banks during the global financial crisis in 2008.
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Hackett, Lelia Louise Wallace. "Strategy for institutional improvement : application of Baldrige criteria at a selected community college /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3026197.
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Le, Roux Abraham Albertus. "Integrated customer experience management at the North-West University / A.A. le Roux." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6529.
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Higher education institutions (HEIs) are facing greater challenges in the modern era as a result of globalization, advancement in new technologies and the worldwide recession. As a result of these factors, as well as a decrease in government subsidies, marketing departments at HEIs find it more difficult to recruit and retain quality students. It is therefore necessary to establish what factors can contribute towards creating more satisfied and loyal students using the principles of relationship marketing, with the aim (in theory) to produce more customer advocates that will further their own studies, and actively promote their HEI to other prospective students.
This study aimed to determine the customer experience levels of undergraduate students of the North-West University (NWU) in an administrative environment by using a quantitative approach. A questionnaire was distributed to students from ten different modes of delivery and campuses by using primarily a systematic random sampling technique, and self selective sampling to a lesser degree in the ten different learning models and campuses of the NWU. The total population of related administrative staff also received questionnaires, while qualitative, structured interviews were conducted with the registrars of the NWU. The data was analysed and interpreted by using the SPSS software, and frequency tables, reliability tests, factor analysis, correlations and the determination of the statistical analysis in an effort to answer the five research questions.
A total of 1,299 students (4,2% of the population), 107 administrative staff members (73,2% of the population) and all four registrars participated in the study. There were significant differences found in the customer experience levels on the different campuses and modes of delivery especially in the direct interactions at service points. A strong positive correlation was reported between a positive customer experience as encountered by students, and their loyalty, as well as their intentions to continue their studies at the NWU, and their intention to actively endorse or promote the NWU to friends and family members (customer advocacy). There was also a strong positive correlation between staff members‘ intention to deliver satisfactory customer experience levels and also between it, their own loyalty and own customer advocacy levels. There was, however, no significant difference in the perceived customer experience levels between younger, on-campus students and older, off-campus students. Lastly, the NWU-PERF service quality tool was found to be a reliable and valid instrument to determine participants‘ perceptions about customer service levels at the NWU in the academic administration environment.
Four of the five research questions could therefore be answered from the finding of this study, with only the expected differences in the perceived customer experience levels between younger, on-campus students and older, off-campus students proved as incorrect. It could therefore be concluded that all student populations therefore have the same customer experience desires. Several recommendations were made, including the further development, testing and usage of the NWU-PERF instrument to consistently improve service levels at the NWU, the establishing of policy documents to establish an awareness of a customer-centric approach, the development and use of appropriate technologies, the improvement of service experiences, a central customer service centre, adequate administrative staff, centralized support for off-campus programmes, and a broader, more active alumni association.Thesis (Ph.D. (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Idris, Nuru Muna, and Linnea Sjöbrink. "En organisatorisk förändring för att uppnå effektivitet eller legitimitet? : En kvalitativ studie på en av Sveriges Storbanker." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35711.
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Bakgrund och problem: Studien undersöker en organisatorisk förändring i en av Sveriges storbanker. Organisatoriska förändringar kan förklaras utifrån olika teorier. Författarna undersöker avsikten och tolkningen bakom en organisatorisk förändring utifrån Røviks två perspektiv, verktyg- och symbolperspektivet. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka ledningens avsikt med den organisatoriska förändringen i en av Sveriges storbanker. Studien undersöker också medarbetarnas tolkning av ledningens avsikt och mottagandet av reformen. Metod: Studien har utförts genom en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och genom en deduktiv ansats. Data har samlats in genom en fallstudie med nio semistrukturerade intervjuer. Denna studie avgränsar sig till att undersöka en organisatorisk förändring i en av Sveriges storbanker på tre kontor i Stockholms Län. Undersökningen innefattar reformens implementering våren 2017 fram till genomförandet av studiens intervjuer våren 2018. Resultat och slutsats: Ledningens avsikt med reformen var att tillfredsställa kunden och att klara av konkurrens på marknaden. Storbanken argumenterade förändringen utifrån ett rationellt verktygsperspektiv. Författarna förklarar reformen som en lösning på de rådande problemdefinitionerna utifrån normer i den institutionella omgivningen. Det fanns olika åsikter bland medarbetarna och cheferna om medarbetarens mottagande av reformen.Background and Problems: The study examines an organizational change in one of Sweden's major banks. Organizational changes can be explained through different theories. The authors analyzes the intention and interpretation behind an organizational change from Røvik’s two perspectives, the tool and symbol perspective. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the intention of the management with the organizational change in one of Sweden's major banks. The study also analyzes the employees interpretation of the management's intentions. Method: The study has been conducted through a qualitative research method and through a deductive approach. Data has been collected through a case study with nine semistructured interviews at three offices in Stockholm County. This study limits to an organizational change in one of Sweden's major banks from the implementation of the reform in spring 2017 until the execution of the study interviews in spring 2018. Result and conclusion: The management's intention of the reform was to achieve customer satisfaction and to cope with competition in the market. The bank argued the change based on a rational tool perspective. The authors explain the reform as a solution to the current problem definitions, based on norms in the institutional environment. There were different opinions among employees and managers about the employee's acceptance of the reform.
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Mfengwana, Thobelani. "Total quality management in training of SMMEs by government business support institutions in the Buffalo City Metropole." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019705.
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The aim of the study is to determine the extent of Total Quality Management training by the government business support institutions in the enterprise development of Small Medium Micro Enterprises in Buffalo City Metro area. The study reflects on the Total Quality Management elements and enterprise development activities by the government institutions located in the Buffalo City Metro area. The researcher conducted literature review to ascertain what does Total Quality Management training entails. The study discussed the enterprise development services offered by the Government business support agencies in Buffalo City Metro. The empirical study conducted determined the views of Small Medium Micro Enterprises assisted by government business support service towards Total Quality Management. The researcher collected quantitative data from the judgemental sample using five point linkert scale questionnaire. The study achieved the response rate of 52.5 percent. Descriptive statistics of the data was analysed using MS Excel, and the internal consistency or reliability was determined using SPSS software. The data achieved the Chronbach’s Alpha co-efficient of 0.879. The research finding has certain limitations, and these limitations provide opportunities for further research studies. The limitation of this study was the fact that the sample was judgemental. It is possible that if another sampling method is used, it could arrive at a different conclusion. The results from the study indicate that the government business support institutions in Buffalo City area do not provide total quality management training. Although it was not a focus of the research, the study found that the three government institutions also located in Buffalo City Metro area are not used by the Small Medium Micro Enterprises. Government business support institutions need to offer total quality management training as part of enterprise development.
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Ohlin, Emelie, and Hanna Börjesson. "”Det jag säger är ju deras lag” : Socialarbetares resonemang om maktens och handlingsutrymmets tvetydighet på en SiSinstitution." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132636.
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Makt inom socialt arbete, speciellt inom myndighetsutövning, har varit ett återkommande tema under vår tid på socionomprogrammet vid Linköpings universitet. Däremot har det talats mindre kring makt inom verksamheter som arbetar på uppdrag av socialtjänsten. Att socialarbetare på exempelvis SiSinstitutioner har ett maktövertag gentemot de placerade ungdomarna, i form av exempelvis indragna permissioner och inlåsning, är något som forskarna inom ämnet är överens om. Under vår verksamhetsförlagda utbildning (VFU) upptäckte vi att socialarbetare som arbetar på uppdrag av socialtjänsten har stort handlingsutrymme i sitt arbete då vi båda genomförde vår VFU inom sådana verksamheter. Det bekräftas även av litteraturen som menar att det medför dilemman för personalen. Studien syftar till att undersöka och analysera hur personal på en SiS-institution för ungdomar beskriver och resonerar kring sin maktbefogenhet och sitt handlingsutrymme. För att undersöka detta har vi genomfört åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer på en SiS-institution belägen i Sverige. Genom intervjuerna fann vi tre empiriskt grundade teman: Vi och Dom, “Det jag säger är ju deras lag” samt Maktens och handlingsutrymmets tvetydighet. Studiens analys vilar på Erving Goffmans Totala institutioner och Michel Foucaults teori om makt, med teoriernas tillhörande begrepp. Utifrån intervjuerna framkommer det att personalen resonerar olika kring sitt handlingsutrymme. Vissa anser att de har stort handlingsutrymme, medan andra anser att det är litet. Främst fann vi att personalens arbete styrs av begreppen lugn och säkerhet. Det framkom att personalens makt uttryckte sig genom att dagarna präglades av struktur och fasta tider, samt genom särskilda befogenheter och arbetsmetoden teckenekonomi. Sammanfattningsvis kan det, utifrån det empiriska materialet, konstateras att socialarbetares makt och handlingsutrymme kan ses som tvetydigt då det både stärker och hämmar dem i det dagliga arbetet.
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GUEDES, NETO João Victor. "Institutions, industrialization and innovation: the three is of Argentina, Brazil and Mexico from 1950 to 2010. 2015." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2015. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/739.
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Resource scarcity obliges humanity to face the problem of identifying efficient ways of distributing them. One way of reducing this problem lies on the possibility of increasing the amount of available goods. Robert Solow's growth theory describes the composition of an economy's output as the sum of units of labor, capital stock and a residual variation called technical change. This residual, the total factors productivity (TFP), is explainable by a series of variables: institutional change, available technology, government policies, etc. This research aimed at finding out the role of institutions in the process of innovation and industrialization in selected emerging countries from 1950 to 2010. Due to its similar historical backgrounds and geographic location, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico were chosen. The last six decades (encompassing the import-substitution industrialization era, the Oil Crisis and the post-Washington Consensus liberalization) were analyzed as a manner of comparing how economic agents reacted to the events of each period. The Triple Helix approach, which takes into consideration the evolutionary relations between governments, firms and universities, was used to map history facts that were compared to the calculated TFP of the given countries. It was demonstrated that the stability of economic and political institutions is a key element for motivating entrepreneurs to innovate. Furthermore, it was noticed a clear difference between the outcomes generated by the different models of economic policy adopted in each period. State intervention was helpful to promote industrial growth but in many occasions its protectionism could not offer enough incentives to motivate entrepreneurial innovation. Many industries faded into State protection and didn't gain enough competitiveness in the global economy. Opening the economy, on the other side, led to the bankruptcy or shrinkage of several firms that were not able to adapt themselves to the international competition but, at the same time, it boosted innovative efforts and, thus, the competitiveness of high technology sectors from emerging economies. Finally, it was noticed that, although many policies were enacted in this direction, the interaction between firms and universities in these countries is still very incipient.A escassez de recursos obriga a humanidade a enfrentar o problema de identificar formas eficientes para distribuí-los. Uma das formas de reduzir este problema é a possibilidade de aumentar a quantidade de bens disponíveis. A teoria do crescimento de Robert Solow descreve a composição do produto de uma economia como a soma das unidades de trabalho, estoque de capital e uma variação residual chamada mudança técnica. Este resíduo, a produtividade total dos fatores (PTF), é explicável por uma série de variáveis: mudança institucional, tecnologia disponível, políticas governamentais, etc. Esta pesquisa se dedicou a descobrir o papel das instituições no processo de inovação e industrialização em países emergentes selecionados entre 1950 e 2010. Devido às suas similaridades históricas e posicionamento geográfico, Argentina, Brasil e México foram escolhidos. As últimas seis décadas (dividas entre a era da industrialização pela substituição de importações, a Crise do Petróleo e a liberalização pós-Consenso de Washington) foram analisadas de forma a comparar como os agentes econômicos reagiram aos eventos de cada um destes períodos. A abordagem da Hélice Tripla, que leva em consideração as relações evolucionárias entre governos, firmas e universidades, foi usada para mapear fatos históricos que foram comparados com a PTF calculada dos países selecionados. Foi demonstrado que a estabilidade das instituições econômicas e políticas é um elemento chave para motivar empreendedores a inovar. Além disso, percebeu-se uma clara diferenciação entre os resultados gerados pelos modelos de política econômica adotados em cada período. A intervenção estatal foi benéfica para promover o crescimento industrial mas em diversas ocasiões seu protecionismo não ofereceu incentivos suficientes para motivar a inovação empreendedora. Muitas indústrias se perderam em meio a proteção estatal e não obtiveram competitividade suficiente na economia global. A abertura econômica, por outro lado, gerou a falência ou redução de uma série de empresas que não conseguiram se adequar à competição internacional mas, ao mesmo tempo, aumentou os esforços inovadores e, assim, a competitividade de setores de alta tecnologia das economias emergentes. Finalmente, foi notado que, mesmo que diversas políticas tenham sido criadas nesta direção, a interação entre firmas e universidades nestes países permanece muito incipiente.
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Simões, Katiuska Glória. "“Vida loka até o fim” ou não: as porosidades no Centro de Reintegração Social Feminino de Foz do Iguaçu." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3365.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The present dissertation exposes the results of the research realized in the Center of Female Social Reintegration in the city of Foz do Iguaçu (CRESF). The general objective of the reseach was discuss the prison institution and it's porosity, using as exemple the language of the internal, that is, the use and the non use of different forms of comunication, action where we can observe the relation that each internal has with the prison institution and between them. It was possible to observe a relation between the use and non use of certain forms of comunication among the internals and how they stand front of the institutionalization. The importance of this work is evidenced, considering the statistical data. Currently, Brasil has six times the amount of imprisoned of the end of 80's decade, owning the fifth largest female imprisoned population. The research was produced from the bibliographical revision about the theme, analysis of disponibilized data by the administration of the prison ant the realization of direct observation in CRESF for approximately one year. With the research was possible to evidence that the total institution, concept defended by Erving Goffman, presents porosity in the case fo the referenced female prison. In this sense, affirms that doesn't have a mortification of the "me" in a homogeneous way that reach all the internals. The use or non-use of the language elaborated by the internals reveals the diversity existent and the relation that each internal has with the institution, how some consider the prison a place or a non-place.
A presente dissertação expõe os resultados da pesquisa realizada no Centro de Reintegração Social Feminino na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu (CRESF). O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi discutir a instituição prisional e suas porosidades, usando como exemplo a linguagem das internas, ou seja, o uso e o não uso de diferentes formas de comunicação, ação que podemos observar a relação que cada interna possui com a instituição prisional e entre elas. Foi possível observar uma relação entre o uso e o não uso de certas formas de comunicação entre as internas e como se posicionam diante da institucionalização. A importância deste trabalho é evidenciada considerando os dados estatísticos. Atualmente, o Brasil possui o sêxtuplo da quantidade de encarcerados do final da década de 1980, possuindo a quinta maior população carcerária feminina do mundo. A pesquisa foi produzida a partir da revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, análise dos dados disponibilizados pela administração da prisão e a realização da observação direta no CRESF por aproximadamente um ano. Com a pesquisa pôde-se evidenciar que a instituição total, conceito defendido por Erving Goffman, apresenta porosidades no caso da prisão feminina referenciada. Nesse sentido, afirma-se que não há uma mortificação do eu de uma forma homogênea e que atinge a todas as internas. O uso ou não-uso da linguagem elaborada pelas internas demonstra a diversidade existente e a relação que cada interna possui com a instituição, como algumas consideram a prisão um lugar ou um não-lugar.
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Tobedza, Asalepele. "Quality management strategies for technical and vocational education and training institutions in Botswana." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2223.
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Thesis (MTech (Quality))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011.Education is undoubtedly of great significance to everyone, and as a consequence countries are working hard to ensure that their educational systems are responsive to their socio-economic needs. In search for competitive advantage, institutes of higher learning throughout the world are focussing their attention in ensuring the provision of quality academic programmes. Botswana's public technical colleges are no exception. In recent years, the government of Botswana through Department of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (DTVET) has stepped up its efforts to expand and transform technical and vocational education in that country. In spite of these investments, studies show that the quality of training is still a serious concern. This study aims to explore the extent to which the Botswana institutions implement quality management systems. Critical areas and attributes where institutions should focus their efforts in relation to quality are explored. To achieve the objective of the study, both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies were used. The case study research method was employed to investigate issues which have affected the capacity of the institutions to implement quality management systems. Data was gathered from students, teachers and the college management team members by means of a self-administered questionnaire. This study hopes to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by providing insights into the implementation of quality management systems in the training institutions in Botswana.
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Clot, Garrell Anna. "Truquen a la porta. Un estudi sociològic sobre les transformacions contemporànies d’un monestir." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400706.
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Avui, són diverses les investigacions que han observat com en un context de crisi de les institucions religioses tradicionals a Occident el monaquisme està experimentant un període d’innovacions i d’una popularitat inesperada (Jonveaux i Palmisano, 2016; Jonveaux et al., 2014). El creixement del turisme religiós, espiritual i cultural, l’èxit dels productes monàstics o les reestructuracions de les pròpies comunitats són indicadors d’aquests canvis. Què ens diu, doncs, la pervivència d’un monestir, una institució aparentment arcaica, hermètica, isolada i allunyada del nostre temps marcat pel canvi, el dinamisme i l’efervescència d’allò religiós? La present tesi doctoral examina les transformacions contemporànies d’un monestir femení benedictí en el transcurs de les darreres dues dècades des d’una perspectiva sociològica comprensiva combinant contribucions de la sociologia de la religió, la teoria sociològica clàssica i la teoria sociològica contemporània. Prenent com a estudi de cas un monestir singular en el mapa monàstic català, la investigació s’ha basat en una metodologia qualitativa amb un enfocament etnogràfic. L’estudi empíric a través d’entrevistes, observacions i consulta de material d’arxiu apropa una realitat religiosa força desconeguda i mostra la seva rellevància sociològica per a l’estudi de canvis de la història cultural recent. La tesi en aquest sentit té un doble objectiu. D’una banda, descriure i analitzar les transformacions de la lògica interna i la projecció pública de la institució monàstica a través de les quals ha conservat la seva plausibilitat considerant l’experiència narrada i les pràctiques de les monges i dels hostes així com el context històric, social i eclesial del monestir. D’una altra banda, un segon objectiu ha estat interpretar i discutir aquests canvis en relació amb les condicions macroestructurals del paisatge social, cultural i religiós tardomodern. D’aquesta manera, la recerca copsa com les transformacions del monestir es vehiculen i alhora exemplifiquen qüestions de més llarga envergadura relacionades amb els processos de secularització, pluralització i individualització. Quatre temes han centrat especialment l’atenció i la reflexió sociològica en aquest sentit: les relacions entre individu i col·lectivitat a partir d’un context comunitari basat en uns lligams institucionals estables; les relacions d’autoritat i de poder considerant el vot d’obediència i els mecanismes disciplinaris que són a la base d’una conducta ascètica típicament monàstica; el paper de la tradició en la modernitat considerant l’imperatiu monàstic de la continuïtat i l’anhel d’autenticitat tardomodern; i, finalment, les relacions entre noves i velles formes de religiositat en el debat entorn a la “religió” i “espiritualitat”. La tesi examina, doncs, els factors estructurals, les micro-negociacions i les tensions que conflueixen en el procés mitjançant el qual una institució religiosa tradicionalment “total” (Goffman, 1961) es transforma en el context contemporani a través de refractar més que reflectir les seves característiques distintives. La tesi conclou discutint aquestes transformacions a partir de la proposta conceptual de tres processos interrelacionats que s’anomenen de destotalització, retraditionalització i espiritualització. Els resultats i conclusions d’aquesta investigació il·lustren l’interès del monaquisme com un context estratègic per a l’estudi del dinamisme i la complexitat del fenomen religiós del nostre temps.Son varias las investigaciones que han observado como en un contexto de crisis de las instituciones religiosas tradicionales en Occidente el monacato está experimentando un período de innovaciones y de una popularidad inesperada (Jonveaux y Palmisano, 2016; Jonveaux et al., 2014). El crecimiento del turismo religioso, espiritual y cultural, el éxito de los productos monásticos o las reestructuraciones de las propias comunidades son indicadores de estos cambios. En la línea de esta investigación, la tesis doctoral examina las transformaciones contemporáneas de un monasterio femenino benedictino en el transcurso de las últimas dos décadas desde una perspectiva sociológica comprensiva combinando contribuciones de la sociología de la religión, la teoría sociológica clásica y la teoría sociológica contemporánea. Tomando como estudio de caso un monasterio singular en el mapa monástico catalán, la investigación se ha basado en una metodología cualitativa con un enfoque etnográfico. El estudio empírico a través de entrevistas, observaciones y consulta de material de archivo acerca una realidad religiosa bastante desconocida y muestra su relevancia sociológica para el estudio de cambios de la historia cultural reciente. La tesis en este sentido tiene un doble objetivo. Por un lado, describir y analizar las transformaciones de la lógica interna y la proyección pública de la institución monástica mediante las cuales ha conservado su plausibilidad considerando la experiencia narrada y las prácticas de las monjas y de los huéspedes así como el contexto histórico, social y eclesial del monasterio. Por otra parte, un segundo objetivo ha sido interpretar y discutir estos cambios en relación con las condiciones marcoestructurales del paisaje social, cultural y religioso tardomoderno. De este modo, la investigación muestra como las transformaciones del monasterio se vehiculan y a su vez ejemplifican cuestiones de más envergadura relacionadas con los procesos de secularización, pluralización e individualización. Cuatro temas han centrado especialmente la atención y la reflexión sociológica en este sentido: las relaciones entre individuo y colectividad a partir de un contexto comunitario basado en unos vínculos institucionales estables; las relaciones de autoridad y de poder considerando el voto de obediencia y los mecanismos disciplinarios que están en la base de una conducta ascética típicamente monástica; el papel de la tradición en la modernidad considerando el imperativo monástico de la continuidad; y, finalmente, las relaciones entre "religión" y "espiritualidad" en un contexto marcadamente católico. La tesis examina, por consiguiente, los factores estructurales, las micro-negociaciones y las tensiones que confluyen en el proceso mediante el cual una institución religiosa tradicionalmente "total" (Goffman, 1961) se transforma en el contexto contemporáneo a través de refractar más que reflejar sus características distintivas. La tesis concluye discutiendo estas transformaciones a partir de la propuesta conceptual de tres procesos interrelacionados que se denominan de destotalitzación, retraditionalitzación y espiritualización. Los resultados y las conclusiones de esta investigación ilustran el interés del monaquismo como un contexto estratégico para el estudio del dinamismo y la complejidad del fenómeno religioso de nuestro tiempo.
In recent years, various scholars have observed how, in the context of a crisis in institutional and traditional religion, monasticism is experiencing a period of innovation and unexpected popularity (Jonveaux i Palmisano, 2016; Jonveaux et al., 2014). In a similar vein, this research examines contemporary transformations in a Benedictine monastery of women. Focusing on a singular monastery in the larger Catalan monastic map, this investigation aims to illustrate how a traditional, collective, and highly institutionalised religious institution such as a monastery transforms and relates to the contemporary religious landscape by actively refracting rather than passively reflecting its distinct characteristics. Thus, by adopting an ethnographic methodology and engaging with the empirical data theoretically through diverse approaches from the sociology of religion and the classical and contemporary sociological theory this work analyses the changes in the logics of the monastic institution and its public projection. The research analytically describes and discusses the adaptive processes of 'detotalisation', 'retraditionalisation', and 'spiritualisation' by which the monastery has creatively transformed, while conserving its distinctive character, in order to maintain its plausibility for a new generation of nuns who were admitted in the mid-nineties, and for the public who currently visit the guest quarters. The results of this analysis illuminate the relevance and the interest of monasticism as a strategic context of study that condenses and, in turn, manifests central issues in religion in the late-modern age. Additionally, the study contributes to current understandings of the changing forms of traditional, communal, and institutional religion as well as its relationships to emerging expressions of individualised, subjectivised, and detraditionalised religiosity.
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Drennan, Lynn Thomson. "Total quality management in higher education : an evaluation of the impact of assessment and audit on the quality of teaching and learning in the Scottish Universities." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1155/.
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Silva, Ester Nunes Praça da. "Mulheres-esposas: dinâmicas conjugais e individualidades a partir da experiência de mulheres casadas com militar." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/123456730/231.
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Esta dissertação se baseia em uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre dinâmicas conjugais e individualidades frente às exigências da carreira da profissão de militar de mulheres casadas com militar que trabalham numa Organização militar em Salvador/BA. Argumentou-se que no cotidiano de mulheres casadas com militares, os arranjos das dinâmicas conjugais e o campo de possibilidades de exercício de suas individualidades estão vinculados à profissão de seus maridos e esta condição pode contribuir para enredos de dinâmicas internas de conjugalidade específicas. As transferências entre cidades, as exigências do trabalho e as prerrogativas que absorvem muito do tempo de seus maridos, bem como questões relacionadas aos aspectos totalizantes da instituição, tudo isso coadunado com o tipo de afeto valorizado, compõem o conjunto de elementos das interferências sobre as quais as mulheres, em questão, elaboram suas vidas conjugais e projetos individuais. A metodologia da pesquisa favoreceu a articulação entre a vida privada -conjugalidade/família - e o trabalho/profissão, e procurou conhecer a dinâmica interna conjugal em vista dos argumentos contemporâneos de que a família se individualizou. No curso da pesquisa, várias técnicas de coleta de dados foram utilizadas: observação, escuta sensível no laboratório de Serviço Social, entrevistas individuais com as mulheres. As análises e resultados, tecidos sobretudo a partir das narrativas das mulheres, confirmaram que as mudanças engendradas na família contemporânea, moderna, convivem com aspectos da família tradicional, isto quer dizer que o casal e a família se formatam através de um arranjo cotidiano, no dia-a-dia – e não a partir de um ‘papel’ previamente construído, como script a ser seguido –, visto que a conjugalidade e a individualidade são afetadas por questões relacionadas ao trabalho/sobrevivência, gerando conflitos, tensões e regulações. Averiguou-se o quanto essas questões estão, enormemente, inter-relacionadas, assim buscamos correlacionar, sob uma ótica de análise qualitativa, algumas questões sobre conjugalidade, individualidade, profissão militar, instituição total, mulheres e família.
This dissertation is based on a qualitative research on marital dynamics and individualities career requirements of military profession of married women with military working on a military Organization in Salvador-Ba. It was argued that in daily life of married women with military arrangements of marital dynamics and possibilities for the exercise of their individualities are linked to the occupation of their husbands and this condition may contribute to internal dynamics of plots of specific conjugalidade. Transfers between cities, the demands of work and the prerogatives that absorb much of the time from their husbands, as well as issues related to aspects of the institution, all this totaling unite with the kind of affection valued, comprise the set of elements of interference on which women, concerned, shall draw up their marital lives and individual projects. The survey methodology has led to the articulation between privacy-conjugalidade/family-and the job/profession, and sought to know the internal dynamics of contemporary arguments on conjugal family if a separate. In the course of research, several data collection techniques were used: observation, sensitive listening in the laboratory of Social Service, individual interviews with women. The analyses and results, in particular tissues from the narratives of women, confirmed that the changes engendered in contemporary, modern family, live with aspects of traditional family, this means that the couple and the family if format through an arrangement everyday, from day to day – and not from a ' paper ' previously built, as a script to follow –, since the conjugalidade and individuality are affected by work-related issues/survivalgenerating conflict, tensions and regulations. It was found that these issues are interrelated, so greatly we correlate, under an optics of qualitative analysis, some questions about conjugalidade, individuality, military profession, total institution, women and family.
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Almeida, Bruna Gisi Martins de. "A experiência da internação entre adolescentes: práticas punitivas e rotinas institucionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-08022011-144629/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar o que estrutura a experiência da internação como forma de punição de adolescentes. A partir da pesquisa de campo realizada em unidades da Fundação CASA, trata-se de buscar compreender como as práticas e rotinas dessa instituição se relacionam com as concepções sobre punição de adolescentes definindo essa experiência para os adolescentes nela internados. A pesquisa consistiu na entrevista com adolescentes de uma unidade de semiliberdade que estavam em progressão de medida; e em visitas a uma unidade de internação. A unidade de internação foi analisada neste trabalho a partir do conceito de instituição total que, a partir da suspensão da obviedade da situação, possibilita pensar de que forma os elementos que constituem essa situação comunicam sentidos e informações que atuam sobre o indivíduo e servem de guias para a ação. Com isso, o comportamento e as interações dos adolescentes internados foram interpretados não como consequências de sua trajetória ou efeitos de sua personalidade, mas como resultado dessa experiência de punição e como efeitos da socialização operada nesse espaço. Tendo em vista as especificidades das práticas punitivas para adolescentes, a tensão existente entre a concepção repressiva e a concepção recuperadora (ou pedagógica) na condução do controle da criminalidade juvenil mostrou-se central tanto nos discursos sobre e legislações para a punição de adolescentes, quanto nas práticas das instituições de internação. Por um lado, a concepção pedagógica possui grande legitimidade e, partindo do status de pessoa em desenvolvimento dos adolescentes, integra os objetivos oficiais e efeitos intencionados das unidades de internação. Esta concepção se manifesta nos esforços para transformação do adolescente mediante o Plano Individual de Atendimento. Por outro lado, baseados no perigo iminente por lidarem com criminosos, as práticas e os procedimentos de segurança da rotina institucional informam um perigo iminente também para os internos. O processo conflituoso que todos os internos vivem de tentar proteger seu self desta definição prescrita é acompanhado pela tensão de se relacionar com aqueles cuja definição também decorre desta informação básica de pertencer a uma instituição destinada a indivíduos perigosos. A fim de evitar que esse perigo se realize, um caos violento e sem regulação, vê-se multiplicar as normas de conduta queI seek to investigate how the confinement experience as means of punishment is structured. Through fieldwork in Fundação CASA units I aim to understand how the institutional practices and routines are in relation with conceptions of juvenile justice and the way it defines the experience of juvenile inmates. The research was based on visits to a juvenile detention center and interviews with inmates in a semi-liberty unit with progressive measure. The institution is analyzed through the concept of total institution, which allows one to reflect on how its elements communicate meaning and information which, in turn, act upon the inmate and serve as a guide for his behavior. The juveniles behavior and interactions were interpreted not as consequence of their personality or life course, but instead, as resulting from the punishment experience and the socialization of the environment. The tension between educational and repressive ideas of punishment, typical of juvenile justice, was central to the legislation and institutional practices. On one side, educational views have more legitimacy and, based on the not-yet-person status of juveniles, integrates the institutions official aims and intended effects. This view manifests itself in the attempt to change the juvenile through the Individual Accompaniment Plan. On the other side, based on the imminent danger of dealing with criminals, the security procedures of the institutional routine also inform the inmates of an imminent danger. The conflictive process in trying to protect ones self from prescribed definition is accompanied by tensions in relating with those whose definition also results from the information associated with belonging to an institution meant for dangerous individuals. To avoid the becoming of such danger, there is an increase in rules for conduct that may regulate these interactions and thus, guarantee predictability.
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Pestana, Janine Gonçalves. "Estudo de caso sobre o abandono de crianças e adolescentes em instituições totais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-24032015-163204/.
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Esta pesquisa possui como tema o abandono de crianças e adolescentes em Instituições Totais. Teve início em 2010, a partir de uma notícia publicada pela Folha de São Paulo sobre uma menina que se encontrava esquecida em uma instituição psiquiátrica há mais de quatro anos. Além dela, outras crianças vivem situações semelhantes, pelo país afora. São crianças que se encontram esquecidas pelas famílias e pelas instituições. Sem formação e cuidados adequados, estão expostas a diversas situações de abuso e violência de todos os gêneros. Tal histórico e experiência propiciam a exploração sexual e econômica, a extrema marginalização nas ruas e em instituições psiquiátricas, além de constantes passagens por Fundações Casa. Neste sentido, um discurso que legitima a exclusão é construído para responder à completa ausência de reflexão sobre decisões banalizadas que operam à revelia do sujeito humano. É um discurso que legitima o desamparo a fim de se manter a exclusão. Mesmo diante de uma aparência de inclusão, os sistemas sociais de assistência àqueles que se encontram em situação de desamparo operam de modo impessoal e segregador. A partir da análise de um discurso construído ao longo da trajetória institucional da adolescente, desde seu nascimento até completar dezenove anos, por meio da consulta de seu processo judicial, foram levantadas importantes questões a respeito do caráter político do sofrimento psíquico e de como a subjetividade é negada e mortificada pela legitimação de um discurso médico-jurídico por meio da construção de uma identidade doente e reduzida a esta finalidade. A institucionalização do saber psicológico assume a totalidade das funções de controle social que determinam o padrão de conduta socialmente aceito e a partir dessa regulação, as condutas perturbadoras que precisam ser assistidas dentro dos inúmeros serviços maquiadamente assistencialistas que trazem em seu bojo os fundamentos da exclusão e do aniquilamento do suposto sujeito psíquicoThis research has as its theme the abandonment of children and adolescents in Total Institutions. Started in 2010, from some news published by Folha de Sao Paulo, about a girl who was forgotten in a psychiatric institution for more than four years. There are other children living in similar situation all over the country who are neglected by their families and by Institutions. Without training and proper care, these children are exposed to several situations of abuse and violence of all kind. Such historical and experience give rise to economic and sexual exploitation, the extreme marginalization in the streets and in psychiatric institutions, and also for their attendance at House Foundations. In this sense, a discourse that legitimizes the exclusion is built to respond to a complete absence of reflection over trivialized decisions which operate in absentia of human being. It is a discourse that legitimizes the helplessness in order to maintain the exclusion. Even before an apparent inclusion, the social assistance systems to those who find themselves in a helplessness situation operate in an impersonal and segregationist way. From the analysis of a speech built along the trajectory of institutional teenager, from birth till nineteen, by consulting his lawsuit, there were raised important issues concerning to a political character of a suffering psychic and how the subjectivity is denied and mortified by the legitimation of a speech medico legal through a construction of a sick identity and reduced to this purpose. The institutionalization of psychological knowledge takes over all of the social functions that determine a standard of social behavior accepted from that regulation, disturbing comportment which need to be assisted within numerous pretended to be social care services that bring in its concept the fundaments of exclusion and annihilation of the alleged psychic person
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Rawls, Michael M. "Assessing Research Productivity from an Institutional Effectiveness Perspective: How Universities Influence Faculty Research Productivity." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5471.
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Faculty research productivity studies typically focus on the scholarly performance of the individual researcher, although environmental and organizational conditions that are largely outside of the researcher’s control can significantly impact that performance. From an institutional effectiveness perspective, it is imperative for the higher education administrators and leaders who share the responsibility of managing and supporting their university’s research enterprise to understand how the institutional environment itself impacts the productivity of its research community. In this sequential mixed methods study, a quantitative framework was tested for assessing institutional effectiveness in research administration based on the assertion that this concept can be measured indirectly, at the departmental level, based on the calculation of a program’s residual scholarly output. This is the difference between the actual amount of scholarly output a program produces compared to the predicted amount of scholarly output that its resources suggest it is capable of producing. The assumption is that the institution’s effectiveness in supporting research is largely reflected by the extent to which a program over- or under-produces scholarship based on its level of resources. The residual scholarly output was calculated for each Ph.D.-granting biomedical engineering program in doctoral universities with a Carnegie classification of “highest research activity” for the period of 2014 through 2016. A sampling of those programs that achieved among the highest and lowest residual productivity levels then became the subject of a qualitative inquiry where researchers and administrators were interviewed with two goals in mind. The more ostensive goal was to reveal what factors, characteristics, resources, and conditions distinguish under- and over-producing programs for the purpose of informing best and worst practices in research administration. Equally important, the second goal was to determine if the quantitative framework was actually successful in distinguishing institutional effectiveness in supporting research. The study concludes that the quantitative framework proved to be a successful method for detecting institutional effectiveness in supporting research, and that the primary distinguishing characteristic between high and low-functioning environments was how well programs were able to reduce the general administrative burdens that researchers face, particularly in grant management and the operation of research laboratories.
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Nadali, Najafabadi Hossein, Sanaz Sadeghi, and Pouya Habibzadeh. "Total Quality Management in Higher Education Case Study : Quality in Practice at University College of Borås." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18887.
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The overall objective of this thesis work is to highlight the general principles of TQM involvedand to point out how this approach has been and can be used to improve the quality of anacademic institution. This work has been specified for higher education of University College ofBorås, and it will cover the whole of institution, administrative structure, rather than academicarea, specific program, department, or services.This objective is conducted towards an evaluation and assessment of the current quality work ofthis university. In fact, the way in which this university is working with quality issues now, willbe compared with a TQM approach and the weaknesses and strengthens of the quality work ofthis institution will be recognized.After reviewing the current situation of this university college in the context of quality andidentifying possible existing problems, the authors will offer some recommendations andsuggestions for improvement. For this purpose, in the theoretical frame of reference, a specificTQM approach will be developed and some detail descriptions of terms involved in thisapproach will be reviewed.In order to reach to the objectives of this thesis work, researcher will use primary data in theform of interviews, and secondary data from literatures, scientific articles, and books andWebPages. In addition, the researchers will use abduction methodology within this research.In conclusion, authors are aim to provide a complete documentation in its kind in the field ofquality and Total Quality Management, which can facilitate this university college to improvethe quality of its higher education.Uppsatsnivå: D
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Hughes, P. E. "Cleanliness and Godliness : a sociological study of the Good Shepherd Convent refuges for the social reformation and Christian conversion of prostitutes and convicted women in nineteenth century Britain." Thesis, Brunel University, 1985. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4976.
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This thesis is concerned with the transformation of prostitutes and other women in the magdalen asylums, the convict refuge, and the certified inebriate reformatory conducted by a roman catholic order of nuns in nineteenth century Britain. Laundry work came to play a central role in the activities expected of the women admitted to these quasi-monastic houses. Its significance is examined in terms of organisational and symbolic correspondences with the structure and ideology of transformative institutions directed to christian conversion. The thesis initially identifies different organisational forms and the ideology revealed by the long-span history of convent refuges. It goes on to consider the problems that tradition posed in the later institutions. The historical account, ordered around a primary sociological concern with transformation, discloses the struggle between the nuns, the secular authorities, and others, to assert differing ideas of religion, morality, and work. The theoretical discussion examines the structure and process of transformation, and the system of classification and control on which it is based. Moving from the notion of Total Institution, the analysis formulates a sociological model of the refuge as a 'Theopticon'. This provides a stable context for a pattern of transformations ranging from the laundry work to the liturgy. The analysis also deals with the role and status of the long-term transformand in pursuit of christian holiness. The theoretical model is then taken back to analyse the major issues raised by the historical account: the persistence of laundry work in the refuges, the nuns' resistance to public inspection and control, and their refusal to pay wages to the penitent women. The historical data is largely derived from primary sources and includes architectural, statistical, and photographic material, as well as documentary evidence.
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Smart, Warren. "The measurement of the performance of New Zealand tertiary education institutions and the demand for their services." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/761.
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This thesis explored the measurement of performance of New Zealand tertiary education institutions (TEIs) and the demand for their services. This involved analysing the research performance of New Zealand universities, analysing the productive efficiency of New Zealand TEIs and examining the choice of provider by bachelor’s degree starters. Bibliometric data was used to measure the research productivity of New Zealand universities. This showed that following a fall during the early 2000s, the research productivity of New Zealand universities increased following the introduction of the Performance-Based Research Fund (PBRF). A multi-dimensional analysis of university research performance between 2000 and 2005 showed that no individual university was top in all four of the performance measures assessed. The overall performance of three universities, Massey University, Lincoln University and Auckland University of Technology, were noticeably below that of the other five universities. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was then applied to input and output data of New Zealand TEIs to analyse their productive efficiency. In 2006, polytechnics that had: low levels of bachelor’s degree provision, were not regionally based, had a high proportion of subcontracting and were larger institutions, achieved higher levels of pure technical efficiency. The analysis showed that several polytechnics could improve their technical efficiency by reducing their scale of operations. In polytechnics, higher technical efficiency was associated with better financial performance. A number of technically efficient polytechnics struggled financially, indicating that the overall efficiency of the polytechnic sector was not high, or the funding model they operate under is not appropriate. The analysis also showed that decreasing bachelor’s degree provision, poor financial performance in the previous year, an increase in provision of community education, was associated with higher growth in total factor productivity between 1996 and 2006. The application of DEA to Australasian university data between 1997 and 2005 showed that New Zealand universities performed relatively well in terms of relative pure technical efficiency, compared with their Australian counterparts. However, the total factor productivity of New Zealand universities increased at a lower rate, on average, than that of the Australian Group of Eight and newer Australian universities. The application of DEA to a dataset of the participating TEIs in the PBRF showed that polytechnics had lower technical efficiency, on average, than other TEIs. The choices of bachelor’s degree starters in 2006 were analysed for evidence of a lack of parity of esteem between university and polytechnic degrees. The results showed that a lack of parity of esteem between polytechnic and university degrees may be influencing student choices. Students from higher deciles schools, with higher secondary school qualifications, Asians, students who travel for study, were all more likely to enrol in a university to start a bachelor’s degree. There was less clear cut evidence of a lack of parity of esteem between selected groupings of New Zealand universities. However, there did appear to be a lack of parity of esteem between the four older metropolitan universities and the two newest universities, with signs the former were held in higher esteem.
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Silva, Sirley Camilo da. "Programa de excelência como diferencial competitivo em uma instituição de ensino superior: o caso da implantação no Grupo Estácio." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/5259.
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Atualmente no Brasil, excelência e gestão são pilares de competitividade e sobrevivência das organizações. Considerando a realidade das Instituições de Ensino Superior que possuem uma alta regulamentação do Governo Federal com exigência na sua qualidade de ensino, a concorrência e a demanda de vagas advindas do Financiamento Estudantil (FIES) e a pressão na redução das mensalidades, bem como a necessidade de melhorar os processos e serviços vem aumentando. A Instituição objeto desta pesquisa é o Grupo Estácio, uma das maiores Instituições de Ensino Superior Privado do Brasil, com mais de 90 unidades espalhadas em 20 estados da federação e Distrito Federal, cujo objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar a viabilidade da implantação de um Programa de Excelência em Gestão a partir dos resultados avaliados no Grupo. Com o uso de bases de pesquisa relevantes no meio acadêmico, como WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, SCIELO e Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). Através de um estudo de caso e uma pesquisa documental, utilizando dados secundários obtidos do Sistema Interno da Estácio, chamado Sistema de Suporte ao Programa de Excelência em Gestão (SISPEG) entre os anos de 2012 e 2016, foi constatada uma evolução positiva nos principais indicadores da Instituição em relação às partes interessadas (Alunos, Colaboradores, Governo e Acionistas), que foram impactados pelos processos considerados na implantação do Modelo de Excelência em Gestão customizado para o Grupo. Como contribuição, este trabalho possibilita à comunidade científica, acesso a um estudo aprofundado sobre a Gestão da Qualidade Total (GQT) e compreensão de sua relação com os modelos de prêmios de excelência que surgiram ao redor do mundo bem como os Fatores Críticos de Sucesso para sua implementação, customização e a viabilidade de implantação em um Instituição de Ensino Superior.
Currently in Brazil, excellence and management are pillars of competitiveness and survival of organizations. Considering the reality of Higher Education Institutions that have a high Federal Government regulation with a requirement in their quality of education, competition and the demand for vacancies from Student Funding (FIES) and the pressure to reduce tuition fees, as well as the need Processes and services has been increasing. The Institution object of this research is the Estácio Group, one of the largest Private Higher Education Institutions in Brazil, with more than 90 units spread across 20 states of the federation and Federal District, where the central question of this research is to verify the viabibility of implementing a Program of Excellence in Management based on the results evaluated in the Group. With the use of relevant research bases in the academic environment, such as WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, SCIELO and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). Through a case study and documentary research, using secondary data obtained from the Estácio Internal System, called the System of Support to the Program of Excellence in Management (SISPEG) between the years of 2012 and 2016, there was a positive evolution in the main indicators Of the Institution in relation to the Stakeholders (Students, Employees, Government and Shareholders), who were impacted by the processes considered in the implementation of the Business Excellence Model customized for the Group. As a contribution, this work provides the scientific community with access to an in-depth study on Total Quality Management (TQM) and an understanding of its relationship with the excellence awards models that have emerged around the world as well as the Critical Success Factors for Its implementation, customization and the feasibility of implantation in an Higher Education Institution.
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Glaser-Segura, Daniel A. (Daniel Armand). "The Influence of Interorganizational Trust, Individualism and Collectivism, and Superordinate Goal of JIT/TQM on Interorganizational Cooperation: An Exploratory Analysis of Institutions in Mexico." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278619/.
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Since their introduction to the United States from Japan in the 1980s, inter-organizational cooperation practices between buyers and suppliers have provided lower costs, shorter development and production cycles, and higher levels of quality and productivity. Many studies of interorganizational cooperation have relied on transaction cost economicsframeworks,which ignore cultural differences. Few studies have analyzed inter-organizational cooperation in Mexico, a less-developed country (LDC) with a cultural and industrial environment differentfromthe U.S. This study is concerned with the influence of interorganizational trust, individualism and collectivism (indcol), and the superordinate goal ofjust-in-time/total quality management (JIT/TQM) on inter-organizational cooperation.
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Conceição, Lígia Nascimento. "Crianças e jovens portadores de necessidades educativas especiais institucionalizados: um estudo sobre suas interpretações em relação às práticas socioeducativas para a reinserção social." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2004. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11835.
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O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender as interpretações dos jovens portadores de necessidades educativas especiais acerca das práticas socioeducativas para a reinserção social, desenvolvidas em um Abrigo, pertencente à Fundação da Criança e do Adolescente (FUNDAC), em Salvador/Bahia. Inicialmente, apresenta-se uma interpretação bibliográfica, visando contextualizar historicamente a concepção e assistência implementadas para o atendimento aos portadores de necessidades educativas especiais, enfocando-se em seguida o processo de segregação e institucionalização infligido a esses sujeitos, tomando-se como eixo principal, para a consecução do estudo, o conceito de Instituição Total, desenvolvido por Goffman. A opção metodológica foi a abordagem qualitativa, com o uso da etnografia semiológica, baseada nos conceitos epistemológicos e dispositivos metodológicos da Etnopesquisa. Utilizou-se como técnica de análise de ?dados? a interpretação das narrativas dos jovens e professores sobre as ações implementadas para a reinserção social com base na análise de conteúdo. A partir da análise das narrativas foram identificadas três categorias analíticas: Institucionalização, Práticas Pedagógicas e Reinserção Social. Com base nas análises dessas categorias analíticas, pode-se afirmar que o Abrigo, oficialmente considerado uma ?casa de passagem?, trata-se, na realidade, de uma Instituição Total (GOFFMAN, 1974), indo de encontro ao Artigo 101 ? Parágrafo Único ? do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA, 1990) ?o abrigo é medida provisória e excepcional, utilizável como forma de transição para a colocação em família substituta, não implicando em privação de liberdade?. Em relação às práticas educativas para a reinserção social, conclui-se que se revelam sociopedagogicamente ineficazes, reforçando ademais, um modelo institucional com características de uma Instituição Total. Tais ações, implementadas em regime fechado, só reforçam a segregação social dos portadores de necessidades educativas especiais, dificultando a sua reinserção social e a conquista da dignidade da vida.
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