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Journal articles on the topic 'Toucher affectif'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Boudreault, Andréa, and Antoine-Lutumba Ntetu. "Toucher affectif et estime de soi des personnes âgées." Recherche en soins infirmiers N° 86, no. 3 (2006): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsi.086.0052.

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Garmon, Inès. "Donner à toucher, donner à sentir : étude du capitalisme affectif sur mobile." Communiquer. Revue de communication sociale et publique, no. 28 (May 22, 2020): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/communiquer.5424.

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Petitat, André. "Science, affectivité et singularité dans la relation de soins." III. L’acte de soin et ses médiations institutionnelles, no. 28 (October 27, 2015): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033811ar.

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Cet article examine les aspects relationnels et affectifs des soins, en contexte bureaucratique et technico-scientifique. L’analyse d’un protocole de toucher affectif applicable à des vieillards déficients, de l’expérience d’un patient sous respirateur et de la douleur comme réalité subjective aboutit à la distinction entre trois formes de singularité : celle proposée par la science — capable par exemple d’identifier notre unicité génétique —, celle qui résulte de nos interrelations avec notre entourage et celle enfin qui correspond à la perception la plus subjective de soi et du monde. Ces trois variantes de notre identité, qui coexistent en chacun de nous et renvoient à autant de vérités distinctes, sont hétérogènes et irréductibles. Les organisations et les techniques négligent l’autonomie des niveaux subjectifs et intersubjectifs; la recherche scientifique devrait elle-même veiller à maintenir l’équilibre d’une complexité qui la dépasse.

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Chan, Angela, Francis Quek, Haard Panchal, Joshua Howell, Takashi Yamauchi, and Jinsil Hwaryoung Seo. "The Effect of Co-Verbal Remote Touch on Electrodermal Activity and Emotional Response in Dyadic Discourse." Sensors 21, no. 1 (2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010168.

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This article explores the affective impact of remote touch when used in conjunction with video telecon. Committed couples were recruited to engage in semi-structured discussions after they watched a video clip that contained emotionally charged moments. They used paired touch input and output devices to send upper-arm squeezes to each other in real-time. Users were not told how to use the devices and were free to define the purpose of their use. We examined how remote touch was used and its impact on skin conductance and affective response. We observed 65 different touch intents, which were classified into broader categories. We employed a series of analyses within a framework of behavioral and experiential timescales. Our findings revealed that remote touches created a change in the overall psychological affective experience and skin conductance response. Only remote touches that were judged to be affective elicited significant changes in EDA measurements. Our study demonstrates the affective power of remote touch in video telecommunication, and that off-the-shelf wearable EDA sensing devices can detect such affective impacts. Our findings pave the way for new species of technologies with real-time feedback support for a range of communicative and special needs such as isolation, stress, and anxiety.

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Gomes, Leonardo Mariano, and Rita Wu. "TouchYou: A wearable touch sensor and stimulator for using our own body as a remote sex interface." Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 11, no. 1 (2020): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2020-0013.

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AbstractIn this article, we present TouchYou, a pair of wearable interfaces that enable affective touch interactions with people at long-distance. Through a touch-sensitive interface, which works by touch, pressure and capacitance, the body becomes the own input for stimulating the other body, which has a stimulation interface that enables the feeling of being touched. The person receives an electrical muscle stimulation, thermal and mechanical stimulation that react depending on the touch sensed by the first interface. By using the TouchYou, people can stimulate each other, using their own body, not only for sexual relations at a distance but for the production of affection and another way of feeling. We discuss the importance of the touch for human relationships, the current state of the art in haptic interfaces and how the technology can be used for the affection remote transmission. We present the design process of the TouchYou sensitive and stimulation interfaces, with a contribution of a method for developing custom touch sensors, we explore usage scenarios for the technology, including sex toys and sex robots and we present the concept of using the body as a remote sex interface.

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Bezerra, Keite Crisóstomo, and Carolina Yukari Veludo Watanabe. "Inverse Affective Abandonment and the Judicialization of Affection." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 4 (2020): 536–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss4.2308.

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This article aims to analyze the Institute of Inverse affective abandonment and the effectiveness of the judicialization of the demands resulting from the lack of affection with older people. To this end, it shows the analysis of the aspects related to the increasing population aging, the elements, and criteria used in the characterization of the older person, as well as the challenges arising from aging in the person who touches Family, society and the public power. It will also be analyzed the objective and subjective aspects related to legal protection and care for the elderly who suffer the affective abandonment, with a view to the debate about the possibility of compensation for moral damages in case of immaterial neglect. Finally, to verify whether the legal protection sought by the judicialization of the demands arising from it is capable of producing a sentence able to generate or make reestablish the affection. The work is conceived according to the inductive method, using the technique of bibliographic research, Doctrinaria and jurisprudential.

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Carnevale, Michael J., Lisa M. Pritchett, and Laurence R. Harris. "The effect of eccentric gaze on tactile localization on areas of the body that cannot be seen." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x647351.

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Eccentric gaze systematically biases touch localization on the arm and waist. These perceptual errors suggest that touch location is at least partially coded in a visual reference frame. Here we investigated whether touches to non-visible parts of the body are also affected by gaze position. If so, can the direction of mislocalization tell us how they are laid out in the visual representation? To test this, an array of vibro-tactors was attached to either the lower back or the forehead. During trials, participants were guided to orient the position of their head (90° left, right or straight ahead for touches on the lower back) or head and eyes (combination of ±15° left, right or straight ahead head and eye positions for touches on the forehead) using LED fixation targets and a head mounted laser. Participants then re-oriented to straight ahead and reported perceived touch location on a visual scale using a mouse and computer screen. Similar to earlier experiments on the arm and waist, perceived touch location on the forehead and lower back was biased in the same direction as eccentric head and eye position. This is evidence that perceived touch location is at least partially coded in a visual reference frame even for parts of the body that are not typically seen.

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Cardini, Flavia, Marcello Costantini, Gaspare Galati, Gian Luca Romani, Elisabetta Làdavas, and Andrea Serino. "Viewing One's Own Face Being Touched Modulates Tactile Perception: An fMRI Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 3 (2011): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21484.

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The perception of tactile stimuli on the face is modulated if subjects concurrently observe a face being touched; this effect, termed visual remapping of touch (VRT), is maximum for observing one's own face. In the present fMRI study, we investigated the neural basis of the VRT effect. Participants in the scanner received tactile stimuli, near the perceptual threshold, on their right, left, or both cheeks. Concurrently, they watched movies depicting their own face, another person's face, or a ball that could be touched or only approached by human fingers. Participants were requested to distinguish between unilateral and bilateral tactile stimulation. Behaviorally, perception of tactile stimuli was modulated by viewing a tactile stimulation, with a stronger effect when viewing one's own face being touched. In terms of brain activity, viewing touch was related with an enhanced activity in the ventral intraparietal area. The specific effect of viewing touch on oneself was instead related with a reduced activity in both the ventral premotor cortex and the somatosensory cortex. The present findings suggest that VRT is supported by a network of fronto-parietal areas. The ventral intraparietal area might remap visual information about touch onto tactile processing. Ventral premotor cortex might specifically modulate multisensory interaction when sensory information is related to one's own body. Then this activity might back project to the somatosensory cortices, thus affecting tactile perception.

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Cooney, Martin D., Shuichi Nishio, and Hiroshi Ishiguro. "Importance of Touch for Conveying Affection in a Multimodal Interaction with a Small Humanoid Robot." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 12, no. 01 (2015): 1550002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843615500024.

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To be accepted as a part of our everyday lives, companion robots will require the capability to communicate socially, recognizing people's behavior and responding appropriately. In particular, we hypothesized that a humanoid robot should be able to recognize affectionate touches conveying liking or dislike because (a) a humanoid form elicits expectations of a high degree of social intelligence, (b) touch behavior plays a fundamental and crucial role in human bonding, and (c) robotic responses providing affection could contribute to people's quality of life. The hypothesis that people will seek to affectionately touch a robot needed to be verified because robots are typically not soft or warm like humans, and people can communicate through various other modalities such as vision and sound. The main challenge faced was that people's social norms are highly complex, involving behavior in multiple channels. To deal with this challenge, we adopted an approach in which we analyzed free interactions and also asked participants to rate short video-clips depicting human–robot interaction. As a result, we verified that touch plays an important part in the communication of affection from a person to a humanoid robot considered capable of recognizing cues in touch, vision, and sound. Our results suggest that designers of affectionate interactions with a humanoid robot should not ignore the fundamental modality of touch.

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Luangrath, Andrea Webb, Joann Peck, and Anders Gustafsson. "Should I Touch the Customer? Rethinking Interpersonal Touch Effects from the Perspective of the Touch Initiator." Journal of Consumer Research 47, no. 4 (2020): 588–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucaa021.

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Abstract Previous research has highlighted the effects of receiving interpersonal touch on persuasion. In contrast, we examine initiating touch. Individuals instructed to touch engage in egocentric projection in which they project their own affective reaction onto their expectations for how the recipient will feel (i.e., empathic forecast), how they appear to the recipient (i.e., metaperception), and the evaluation of the interaction itself (i.e., interaction awkwardness). Touch initiators expect that recipients will feel worse with touch, express concern for how they, themselves, will be perceived, and think that interactions are more awkward. Interestingly, touch recipients do not evaluate these interactions more negatively and leave higher tips after having been touched; touch initiators do not expect this to be the case. As a result, instructed touch initiators (vs. volitional touch initiators) are less (more) likely to engage in subsequent interactions with customers, potentially undermining future service provided to customers. Across five studies, four of which involve actual dyadic interactions, we test the consequences of initiating touch with an inquiry into the effects of interpersonal touch on the initiator. We discuss theoretical and managerial implications.

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Vogels, Ingrid M. L. C., Astrid M. L. Kappers, and Jan J. Koenderink. "Investigation into the Origin of the Haptic Aftereffect of Curved Surfaces." Perception 26, no. 1 (1997): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p260101.

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In haptics, the perceived (phenomenal) flatness of a surface is strongly influenced by a previous surface which has been statically touched. The mechanisms underlying this haptic aftereffect of curved surfaces are investigated. It is shown that the representation of curvature abstracted from the sense of touch, ie a high-level representation, is not affected during the aftereffect. This is concluded because: (1) the aftereffect does not exhibit intermanual transfer; (2) the way in which two successive surfaces are touched can influence the magnitude of the aftereffect; and (3) it is not necessary to touch a surface—active muscular contraction can also result in a shift of the phenomenal flatness. Furthermore, it is suggested that the physiological process involved in the aftereffect is a central process, ie it is located in the brain but it is distinct for each hemisphere. This is supported by the findings that: (1) the decay rate of the aftereffect is not influenced by the degree of peripheral stimulation during the decay; and (2) the aftereffect does not transfer from the adapted hand to the unadapted hand.

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Sehlstedt, Isac, Hanna Ignell, Helena Backlund Wasling, Rochelle Ackerley, Hakan Olausson, and Ilona Croy. "Development of affective touch." Integrative Medicine Research 4, no. 1 (2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2015.04.155.

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Varlamov, Anton, Stanislav Inyashkin, Aleksandra Gorbacheva, Aleksey Semirechenko, Mikhail Osadchiy, and Margarita Rusetskaya. "Lexicon and Scenarios of Touch Perception: Towards Developing a Research Thesaurus." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 1 (April 2019): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.1.4.

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The paper shows the important advance in sensory neuroscience achieved with a recent discovery of C-tactile system integrating mechanosensitive C fibers that innervate the hairy skin and representing the neurobiological substrate for the affective and rewarding properties of touch. It has drawn scientists' attention to social touch research and has increased the demand for developing psychometric instruments of touch perception assessment calling for developing an elaborated and cross-culturally validated touch lexicon. The paper focuses on creating a Russian touch lexicon and assessing the relevance of different sensory and emotional characteristics (a list of 270 adjectives and participles) to active ('I touch', 80 participants) and passive ('I am being touched', 75 participants) scenarios of touch perception by native speakers of the Russian language. A comparison to previously reported data for the sample of American English speakers has revealed a general similarity of Russian and English touch lexicons. Active touch perception scenario was characterized by the dominance of haptic characteristics (features relevant to sensory properties of objects), while in passive touch perception scenario a prominent increase was observed for the perceived relevance of touch recipient's sensory experience characteristics including words related to pain, tickle, chafing, and itch. The results suggest that the choice of particular words used in task descriptions and in semantic differential scales should be made relevant to the particular touch perception scenarios, rather than relying on a limited generic touch lexicon.

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Dellal, Alexandre, Carlos Lago-Penas, Del P. Wong, and Karim Chamari. "Effect of the Number of Ball Contacts Within Bouts of 4 vs. 4 Small-Sided Soccer Games." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 6, no. 3 (2011): 322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.322.

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Purpose:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the number of ball touches authorized per possession on the physical demands, technical performances and physiological responses throughout the bouts within 4 vs. 4 soccer small-sided games (SSGs).Methods:Twenty international soccer players (27.4 ± 1.5 y, 180.6 ± 2.3 cm, 79.2 ± 4.2 kg, body fat 12.7 ± 1.2%) performed three different 4 vs. 4 SSGs (4 × 4 min) in which the number of ball touches authorized per possession was manipulated (1 touch = 1T; 2 touches = 2T; Free Play = FP). The SSGs were divided in 4 bouts (B1, B2, B3 and B4) separated by 3 min of passive recovery. The physical performances, technical activities, heart rate responses, blood lactate and RPE were analyzed.Results:The FP rule presented greater number of duels, induced the lowest decreases of the sprint and high-intensity performances, and affected less the technical actions (successful passes and number of ball losses) from B1 to B4 as compared with 1T and 2T forms. Moreover, the SSG played in 1T form led to reach higher solicitation of the high-intensity actions while players presented more difficulty to perform a correct technical action.Conclusions:The modification of the number of ball touches authorized per possession affects the soccer player activity from the first to the last bout of SSG, indicating that the determination of this rule has to be precisely planned by the coach according to the objectives of the training.

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Erk, Stefanie M., Alexander Toet, and Jan B. F. Van Erp. "Effects of mediated social touch on affective experiences and trust." PeerJ 3 (October 6, 2015): e1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1297.

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This study investigated whether communication via mediated hand pressure during a remotely shared experience (watching an amusing video) can (1) enhance recovery from sadness, (2) enhance the affective quality of the experience, and (3) increase trust towards the communication partner. Thereto participants first watched a sad movie clip to elicit sadness, followed by a funny one to stimulate recovery from sadness. While watching the funny clip they signaled a hypothetical fellow participant every time they felt amused. In the experimental condition the participants responded by pressing a hand-held two-way mediated touch device (a Frebble), which also provided haptic feedback via simulated hand squeezes. In the control condition they responded by pressing a button and they received abstract visual feedback. Objective (heart rate, galvanic skin conductance, number and duration of joystick or Frebble presses) and subjective (questionnaires) data were collected to assess the emotional reactions of the participants. The subjective measurements confirmed that the sad movie successfully induced sadness while the funny movie indeed evoked more positive feelings. Although their ranking agreed with the subjective measurements, the physiological measurements confirmed this conclusion only for the funny movie. The results show that recovery from movie induced sadness, the affective experience of the amusing movie, and trust towards the communication partner did not differ between both experimental conditions. Hence, feedback via mediated hand touching did not enhance either of these factors compared to visual feedback. Further analysis of the data showed that participants scoring low onExtraversion(i.e., persons that are more introvert) or low onTouch Receptivity(i.e., persons who do not like to be touched by others) felt better understood by their communication partner when receiving mediated touch feedback instead of visual feedback, while the opposite was found for participants scoring high on these factors. The implications of these results for further research are discussed, and some suggestions for follow-up experiments are presented.

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Della Longa, Letizia, Danica Dragovic, and Teresa Farroni. "In Touch with the Heartbeat: Newborns’ Cardiac Sensitivity to Affective and Non-Affective Touch." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052212.

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The sense of touch is the first manner of contact with the external world, providing a foundation for the development of sensorimotor skills and socio-affective behaviors. In particular, affective touch is at the core of early interpersonal interactions and the developing bodily self, promoting the balance between internal physiological state and responsiveness to external environment. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether newborns are able to discriminate between affective touch and non-affective somatosensory stimulations and whether affective touch promotes a positive physiological state. We recorded full-term newborns’ (N = 30) heart rate variability (HRV)—which reflects oscillations of heart rate associated with autonomic cardio-respiratory regulation—while newborns were presented with two minutes of affective (stroking) and non-affective (tapping) touch alternated with two minutes of resting in a within-subject design. The results revealed that non-affective touch elicits a decrease in HRV, whereas affective touch does not result in a change of HRV possibly indicating maintenance of calm physiological state. Thus, newborns showed cardiac sensitivity to different types of touch, suggesting that early somatosensory stimulation represents scaffolding for development of autonomic self-regulation with important implications on infant’s ability to adaptively respond to the surrounding social and physical environment.

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Lee Masson, Haemy, and Hans Op de Beeck. "Socio-affective touch expression database." PLOS ONE 13, no. 1 (2018): e0190921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190921.

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Spence, Charles. "Multisensory contributions to affective touch." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.003.

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Soliman, Sommayah, and Dan Nathan-Roberts. "Evaluating Children’s Interaction with Touchscreens From 0 to 8 Years Old." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (2018): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621060.

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Children start using mobile devices at a very young age. In this paper, we review the research done to evaluate children’s capabilities and limitations when interacting with multi-touch screens. The different factors affecting children’s touch gestures performance are evaluated. It was found that children are able to perform several complex touch gestures that are not currently used in applications targeting their age. The current research showed that children’s usage of different multi-touch gestures is affected by their age and screen size. Design guidelines are recommended to improve young children’s usability of multi-touch devices.

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de Wit, Harriet, and Anya K. Bershad. "MDMA enhances pleasantness of affective touch." Neuropsychopharmacology 45, no. 1 (2019): 217–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0473-x.

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Gordon, Ilanit, Avery C. Voos, Randi H. Bennett, Danielle Z. Bolling, Kevin A. Pelphrey, and Martha D. Kaiser. "Brain mechanisms for processing affective touch." Human Brain Mapping 34, no. 4 (2011): 914–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21480.

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Olausson, H., J. Cole, F. McGlone, et al. "CT afferents, affective touch and interoception." Clinical Neurophysiology 118, no. 5 (2007): e162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2006.07.253.

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Crucianelli, Laura, and Maria Laura Filippetti. "Developmental Perspectives on Interpersonal Affective Touch." Topoi 39, no. 3 (2018): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11245-018-9565-1.

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Balducci, Fabrizio, Donato Impedovo, Nicola Macchiarulo, and Giuseppe Pirlo. "Affective states recognition through touch dynamics." Multimedia Tools and Applications 79, no. 47-48 (2020): 35909–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09146-4.

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von Mohr, Mariana, Michael J. Crowley, Jessica Walthall, Linda C. Mayes, Kevin A. Pelphrey, and Helena J. V. Rutherford. "EEG captures affective touch: CT-optimal touch and neural oscillations." Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 18, no. 1 (2018): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-017-0560-6.

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Jamarim, Michelle Ferraz Martins, Camila Zucato da Silva, Gerusa Marcondes Pimentel de Abreu Lima, Cibele Leite Siqueira, and Claudinei José Gomes Campos. "Nonverbal Communication through Touch: Meanings for Physical Therapists Working in a Hospital Environment." Aquichan 19, no. 4 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2019.19.4.2.

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Objectives: To know the most used types of touch and understand their meanings for physical therapists working in a hospital environment, from the perspective of their feelings, attitudes and behaviors during care. Materials and methods: Qualitative case study conducted by physical therapists working at a hospital in Brazil. For data collection, participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used as techniques. Data were analyzed according to the thematic content analysis proposed by Minayo. Results: 16 physical therapists participated in the study and, from the analysis of the empirical material, four thematic categories emerged: Instrumental touch as a fundamental resource of hospital physical therapy assistance; expressive touch: Its little presence does not mean absence of affection; physical therapist’s feelings related to touch and difficulty talking about touch means that there is a deficiency in training. Conclusions: The underuse of expressive touch revealed the lack of knowledge and unpreparedness in the formation of the physical therapist, which, added to the lack of self-knowledge, hinders the affection and the creation of bonds in relationships. All of this justifies the rare studies on affective touch in health, which reflects an area to be explored and the need to sensitize professionals to influence the quality and humanization of care.

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Hecht, David, and Miriam Reiner. "Stroop Interference and Facilitation Effects in Kinesthetic and Haptic Tasks." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/852420.

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Stroop interference and facilitation effects were documented in the visual, auditory, olfactory, and gustatory modalities. This study extends the Stroop phenomena also for kinesthetic and haptic tasks. In a touch-enabled computer interface, participants touched and manipulated virtual objects (cylinders, cubes, and tiles), through a pen-like stylus, and identified their haptic qualities (weight, firmness, vibrations). Similarly, participants were stimulated with a mechanical force pushing their hands lightly towards a specific direction which they had to identify. While performing these identification tasks, participants were simultaneously presented with words or symbols that were congruent, neutral, or incongruent with the experienced kinesthetic/haptic sensations. Error rates and response times were affected in the following order: congruent < neutral < incongruent. As technologies advance into multisensory systems, engineers and designers can improve human-computer interactions by ensuring optimal congruence between all the inter- and intra-sensory elements in the display.

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McGlone, Francis, Johan Wessberg, and Håkan Olausson. "Discriminative and Affective Touch: Sensing and Feeling." Neuron 82, no. 4 (2014): 737–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.001.

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Sailer, Uta, and Rochelle Ackerley. "Exposure shapes the perception of affective touch." Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 35 (February 2019): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2017.07.008.

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van Stralen, Haike E., Martine J. E. van Zandvoort, Sylco S. Hoppenbrouwers, Lidewij M. G. Vissers, L. Jaap Kappelle, and H. Chris Dijkerman. "Affective touch modulates the rubber hand illusion." Cognition 131, no. 1 (2014): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2013.11.020.

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Morrison, India, and Ilona Croy. "The Science of Social and Affective Touch." Neuroscience 464 (June 2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.013.

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Ellis, Richard. "Touched by the Past." Classical Antiquity 40, no. 1 (2021): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2021.40.1.1.

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Recent work on trauma, especially in the field of Holocaust studies, has tackled the question of how the “generation after” relates, and relates to, the trauma of its immediate ancestors as it navigates between the poles of remembrance and appropriation. Other studies have shifted focus towards the effects of trauma upon narration, in part through critiquing the prevailing psycho-analytic model of trauma as an unrepresentable event that evades/forecloses language. Aeschylus’ Suppliants, with its chorus of fifty female Danaids who react to their traumatic present by recourse to tales of the traumatic past of their ancestor Io and her son Epaphos (“Touch”), offers a productive stage for testing the applicability of these theoretical frames to the genre of ancient Greek tragedy. The Danaids’ turn to the past explores the agency of an ancestral trauma that reaches into their present, and in doing so highlights the unsteady inheritance of trauma both for those who relate and for those who witness these acts of testimony. The act of supplication itself is defined in part by physical contact between the suppliant and the supplicandus, yet this ritual emphasis on touch is amplified by the play’s consistent focus upon a series of real and hypothesized touches, from the traumatic to the salvific. Through this engagement with the haptic context of trauma and traumatic recall, Aeschylus’ play proposes an enlarged aetiology of touch—across cognitive, affective, and physical registers—for the ritual of supplication itself.

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O'Sullivan, Noreen, Christophe de Bezenac, Andrea Piovesan, et al. "I Am There … but Not Quite: An Unfaithful Mirror That Reduces Feelings of Ownership and Agency." Perception 47, no. 2 (2017): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006617743392.

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The experience of seeing one's own face in a mirror is a common experience in daily life. Visual feedback from a mirror is linked to a sense of identity. We developed a procedure that allowed individuals to watch their own face, as in a normal mirror, or with specific distortions (lag) for active movement or passive touch. By distorting visual feedback while the face is being observed on a screen, we document an illusion of reduced embodiment. Participants made mouth movements, while their forehead was touched with a pen. Visual feedback was either synchronous (simultaneous) with reality, as in a mirror, or asynchronous (delayed). Asynchronous feedback was exclusive to touch or movement in different conditions and incorporated both in a third condition. Following stimulation, participants rated their perception of the face in the mirror, and perception of their own face, on questions that tapped into agency and ownership. Results showed that perceptions of both agency and ownership were affected by asynchrony. Effects related to agency, in particular, were moderated by individual differences in depersonalisation and auditory hallucination-proneness, variables with theoretical links to embodiment. The illusion presents a new way of investigating the extent to which body representations are malleable.

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Cole, Jonathan, and Barbara Montero. "Affective Proprioception." Janus Head 9, no. 2 (2006): 299–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh2006922.

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Proprioception has been considered, within neuroscience, in the context of the control of movement. Here we discuss a possible second role for this 'sixth sense', pleasure in and of movement,homologous with the recently described affective touch. We speculate on its evolution and place in human society and suggest that pleasure in movement may depend not on feedback but also on harmony between intention and action. Examples come from expert movers, dancers and sportsmen, and from those without proprioception due to neurological impairment. Finally we suggest that affective proprioception may help bind our sense of agency with our embodied selves at an emotional level.

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Hwang, Jungsik, and Kun Chang Lee. "Exploring the effect of a user’s personality traits on tactile communication with a robot using Bayesian networks." Interaction Studies 16, no. 1 (2015): 29–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.16.1.02hwa.

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Because robots are physically embodied agents, touch is one of the important modalities through which robots communicate with humans. Among the several factors that affect human-robot interaction, this research focuses on the effect of a user’s personality traits on tactile interactions with a robot. Participants interacted freely with a robot and their tactile interaction patterns were analyzed. Several classifiers were used to examine the effect of a participant’s degree of extroversion on tactile communication patterns with the robot and our results showed that a user’s personality traits affected the way in which they interacted with the robot. Specifically, important features of Bayesian networks, such as the Markov blanket and what-if/goal-seeking power were tested and showed the effect of personality on tactile interaction with respect to where and how participants touched the robot. We also found that, by using Bayesian network classifiers, a user’s personality traits can be inferred based on tactile communication patterns.

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Fahey, Samira, Chavelyn Santana, Ryo Kitada, and Zane Zheng. "Affective judgement of social touch on a hand associated with hand embodiment." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 10 (2019): 2408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819842785.

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Social touch constitutes a critical component of human interactions. A gentle tap on the hand, for instance, can sometimes create emotional bonding and reduce interpersonal distance in social interactions. Evidence of tactile empathy suggests that touch can be experienced through both physical sensation and observation, yet vicarious perception of observed touch on an object as a function of the object’s conceptual representation (e.g., Is this object identified as mine? Does this object feel like part of me?) remains less explored. Here we examined the affective judgement of social touch when the illusory sense of ownership over a dummy hand was manipulated through the rubber-hand illusion. When the same social touch was performed on either the real or the dummy hand, we found a similar sense of perceived pleasantness between the felt and observed touch, but only when the dummy hand was embodied; when it was not, the perceived pleasantness of the observed touch was lesser (an “embodiment effect”; Experiment 1). In addition, we found that the embodiment effect associated with the observed touch was insensitive to the way in which embodiment was manipulated (Experiment 2), and that this effect was specific to social but not neutral touch (Experiment 3). Taken together, our findings suggest a role of embodiment in the affective component of observed social touch and contribute to our understanding of tactile empathy for objects.

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Kinnunen, Taina, and Marjo Kolehmainen. "Touch and Affect: Analysing the Archive of Touch Biographies." Body & Society 25, no. 1 (2018): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x18817607.

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This article examines touch and its significance from an affect studies perspective. Touch makes our bodies more-than-one in a very concrete way, yet in body and affect research it has largely remained a philosophical abstraction, with few empirical explorations. Our theoretical deliberations are based on empirical material consisting of ‘touch biographies’ written by people of various backgrounds in the 2010s in Finland. The biographies are embodied-affective data, and our analysis of them offers a novel perspective on the ways touch forms a part of affective relations and communal history. Touch works in and between bodies through affects in social bonds. Moreover, the exploration of touch biographies demonstrates that people draw upon different affective repertoires, and their experiences concerning touch are highly variable. The touch biographies highlight diverse and multi-temporal ways of attuning to, registering and recognising the social as it happens. Furthermore, our discussion opens up a new perspective on the study of affective privilege and inequality.

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Russo, Valentina, Cristina Ottaviani, and Grazia Fernanda Spitoni. "Affective touch: A meta-analysis on sex differences." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 108 (January 2020): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.037.

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Crucianelli, Laura, Valentina Cardi, Janet Treasure, Paul M. Jenkinson, and Aikaterini Fotopoulou. "The perception of affective touch in anorexia nervosa." Psychiatry Research 239 (May 2016): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.078.

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Gu, G., G. A. Caldwell, and M. Chalfie. "Genetic interactions affecting touch sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, no. 13 (1996): 6577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.13.6577.

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Bennett, Randi H., Danielle Z. Bolling, Laura C. Anderson, Kevin A. Pelphrey, and Martha D. Kaiser. "fNIRS detects temporal lobe response to affective touch." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 9, no. 4 (2013): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nst008.

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Fotopoulou, Aikaterini, Mariana von Mohr, and Charlotte Krahé. "Affective regulation through touch: homeostatic and allostatic mechanisms." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.008.

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Fairhurst, Merle T., Francis McGlone, and Ilona Croy. "Affective touch: a communication channel for social exchange." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 43 (February 2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.07.007.

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Krahé, Charlotte, Marianne M. Drabek, Yannis Paloyelis, and Aikaterini Fotopoulou. "Affective touch and attachment style modulate pain: a laser-evoked potentials study." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1708 (2016): 20160009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0009.

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Affective touch and cutaneous pain are two sub-modalities of interoception with contrasting affective qualities (pleasantness/unpleasantness) and social meanings (care/harm), yet their direct relationship has not been investigated. In 50 women, taking into account individual attachment styles, we assessed the role of affective touch and particularly the contribution of the C tactile (CT) system in subjective and electrophysiological responses to noxious skin stimulation, namely N1 and N2-P2 laser-evoked potentials. When pleasant, slow (versus fast) velocity touch was administered to the (non-CT-containing) palm of the hand, higher attachment anxiety predicted increased subjective pain ratings, in the same direction as changes in N2 amplitude. By contrast, when pleasant touch was administered to CT-containing skin of the arm, higher attachment anxiety predicted attenuated N1 and N2 amplitudes. Higher attachment avoidance predicted opposite results. Thus, CT-based affective touch can modulate pain in early and late processing stages (N1 and N2 components), with the direction of effects depending on attachment style. Affective touch not involving the CT system seems to affect predominately the conscious perception of pain, possibly reflecting socio-cognitive factors further up the neurocognitive hierarchy. Affective touch may thus convey information about available social resources and gate pain responses depending on individual expectations of social support. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health’.

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Nikmah, Anis Nikmatul, and Galuh Pradian Yanuaringsih. "The Effect Of Mother-Baby Massage On Bounding Attachment." Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah 16, no. 1 (2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jkk.1181.

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Baby massage is a touch therapy in infants. It is the simplest and easiest way of communication, which makes contact between mother and her baby. The touch and the view of parental affection on her baby will drain the strength of love between the two. The results showed that the baby massage applied in a structured parenting program could decrease the incidence of post partum blues, the symptoms of mother depression, increasing the interaction between mothers and infants. The research method uses quasyexperimental with non rondom design pretests and posttest with control group design. The population is a pospartum mother and a healthy baby at the age of 2 weeks-1 month. Sampling techniques use acidental sampling with a large sample of 32 respondents divided into treatment and control groups. The process of data collection is done by giving a pre ters bounding atachment then given the next massage treatment done postest bounding atachment. Data analysis is used in pairs and no paired sample of the normality test. Based on the results of the analysis, there is an effect of a mother-baby massage on bounding attachment in the treatment group, and there is a difference in the result of bounding score attachment between the treatment group and the control group. Parental touches are the fundamental for the development of communication that will lead to reciprocal love. The baby massage will give more benefits to the mother and baby.

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Marshall, Andrew G., and Francis P. McGlone. "Affective Touch: The Enigmatic Spinal Pathway of the C-Tactile Afferent." Neuroscience Insights 15 (January 2020): 263310552092507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2633105520925072.

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C-tactile afferents are hypothesized to form a distinct peripheral channel that encodes the affective nature of touch. Prevailing views indicate they project, as with other unmyelinated afferents, in lamina I-spinothalamic pathways that relay homeostatically relevant information from the body toward cortical regions involved in interoceptive processing. However, in a recent study, we found that spinothalamic ablation in humans, while profoundly impairing the canonical spinothalamic modalities of pain, temperature, and itch, had no effect on benchmark psychophysical affective touch metrics. These novel findings appear to indicate that perceptual judgments about the affective nature of touch pleasantness do not depend on the integrity of the lamina I-spinothalamic tract. In this commentary, we further discuss the implications of these unexpected findings. Intuitively, they suggest that signaling of emotionally relevant C-tactile mediated touch occurs in an alternative ascending pathway. However, we also argue that the deficits seen following interruption of a putative C-tactile lamina I-spinothalamic relay might be barely perceptible—a feature that would underline the importance of the C-tactile afferent in neurodevelopment.

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Spaccasassi, Chiara, Ivana Frigione, and Angelo Maravita. "Bliss in and Out of the Body: The (Extra)Corporeal Space Is Impervious to Social Pleasant Touch." Brain Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020225.

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Slow, gentle stimulation of hairy skin is generally accompanied by hedonic sensations. This phenomenon, also known as (positive) affective touch, is likely to be the basis of affiliative interactions with conspecifics by promoting inter-individual bindings. Previous studies on healthy humans have demonstrated that affective touch can remarkably impact behavior. For instance, by administering the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) paradigm, the embodiment of a fake hand enhances after a slow, affective touch compared to a fast, neutral touch. However, results coming from this area are not univocal. In addition, there are no clues in the existing literature on the relationship between affective touch and the space around our body. To overcome these lacks, we carried out two separate experiments where participants underwent a RHI paradigm (Experiment 1) and a Visuo-Tactile Interaction task (Experiment 2), designed to tap into body representation and peripersonal space processing, respectively. In both experiments, an affective touch (CT-optimal, 3 cm/s) and neutral touch (CT-suboptimal, 18 cm/s) were delivered by the experimenter on the dorsal side of participants’ hand through a “skin to skin” contact. In Experiment 1, we did not find any modulation of body representation—not at behavioral nor at a physiological level—by affective touch. In Experiment 2, no visuo-tactile spatial modulation emerged depending upon the pleasantness of the touch received. These null findings are interpreted in the light of the current scientific context where the real nature of affective touch is often misguided, and they offer the possibility to pave the way for understanding the real effects of affective touch on body/space representation.

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Ebisch, Sjoerd J. H., Francesca Ferri, Anatolia Salone, et al. "Differential Involvement of Somatosensory and Interoceptive Cortices during the Observation of Affective Touch." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 7 (2011): 1808–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21551.

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Previous studies suggested that the observation of other individuals' somatosensory experiences also activates brain circuits processing one's own somatosensory experiences. However, it is unclear whether cortical regions involved with the elementary stages of touch processing are also involved in the automatic coding of the affective consequences of observed touch and to which extent they show overlapping activation for somatosensory experiences of self and others. In order to investigate these issues, in the present fMRI study, healthy participants either experienced touch or watched videos depicting other individuals' inanimate and animate/social touch experiences. Essentially, a distinction can be made between exteroceptive and interoceptive components of touch processing, involved with physical stimulus characteristics and internal feeling states, respectively. Consistent with this distinction, a specific negative modulation was found in the posterior insula by the mere visual perception of other individuals' social or affective cutaneous experiences, compared to neutral inanimate touch. On the other hand, activation in secondary somatosensory and posterior superior temporal regions, strongest for the most intense stimuli, seemed more dependent on the observed physical stimulus characteristics. In contrast to the detected vicarious activation in somatosensory regions, opposite activation patterns for the experience (positive modulation) and observation (negative modulation) of touch suggest that the posterior insula does not reflect a shared representation of self and others' experiences. Embedded in a distributed network of brain regions underpinning a sense of the bodily self, the posterior insula rather appears to differentiate between self and other conditions when affective experiences are implicated.

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Jönsson, Emma H., Kalle Kotilahti, Juha Heiskala, et al. "Affective and non-affective touch evoke differential brain responses in 2-month-old infants." NeuroImage 169 (April 2018): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.024.

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Moscatelli, Alessandro, Cecile R. Scotto, and Marc O. Ernst. "Illusory changes in the perceived speed of motion derived from proprioception and touch." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 4 (2019): 1555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00719.2018.

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In vision, the perceived velocity of a moving stimulus differs depending on whether we pursue it with the eyes or not: A stimulus moving across the retina with the eyes stationary is perceived as being faster compared with a stimulus of the same physical speed that the observer pursues with the eyes, while its retinal motion is zero. This effect is known as the Aubert–Fleischl phenomenon. Here, we describe an analog phenomenon in touch. We asked participants to estimate the speed of a moving stimulus either from tactile motion only (i.e., motion across the skin), while keeping the hand world stationary, or from kinesthesia only by tracking the stimulus with a guided arm movement, such that the tactile motion on the finger was zero (i.e., only finger motion but no movement across the skin). Participants overestimated the velocity of the stimulus determined from tactile motion compared with kinesthesia in analogy with the visual Aubert–Fleischl phenomenon. In two follow-up experiments, we manipulated the stimulus noise by changing the texture of the touched surface. Similarly to the visual phenomenon, this significantly affected the strength of the illusion. This study supports the hypothesis of shared computations for motion processing between vision and touch. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In vision, the perceived velocity of a moving stimulus is different depending on whether we pursue it with the eyes or not, an effect known as the Aubert–Fleischl phenomenon. We describe an analog phenomenon in touch. We asked participants to estimate the speed of a moving stimulus either from tactile motion or by pursuing it with the hand. Participants overestimated the stimulus velocity measured from tactile motion compared with kinesthesia, in analogy with the visual Aubert–Fleischl phenomenon.

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