Academic literature on the topic 'Tough news'

Background: Health care is a strange place for the patient. To make this enviroment as good as possible, would the patient be well informed. The patient has right to know if it is a bad mews and often he/she needs caring after the information. Nurse´s basic responsibility is caring, for her/him it´s important to prevent the shock for the patient that can appear.  Aim: Describe the nursing staff responses to the patient, using the patient´s perspective in relation to bad news.  Method: A litterture review has been made with nine articles. Current research materials that meet the study´s purpose has been applied in databases and analyzed. Four themes and nine subthemes was emerged.  Results: Nurse should allow patient to talk, when bad news had been given. Conversation is important for the patient, because they want information to be able to participate in care. Good communication skills are important for the nurse in connection with bad news. Patient wants information in an honest, peaceful and transparent manner. Time is often in short supply in this conversation. To have the family in care is a good support for the patient, but not all patients want the family to participate.  Conclusion: Patients desire individually aids at handover of bad news. It gives them a safety. The most common mould of aids according to patients where that the nurse shows that she/he has time for them.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES<br>As denominadas construções tough (tough constructions - TCs), como John is easy to please, apresentam o formato superficial [SD COPULA Adj VInf], tendo como característica distintiva o fato de que o SD (sintagma determinante), sujeito do predicado, é interpretado como objeto lógico do verbo no infinitivo. Muitos estudos teóricos examinaram a sintaxe dessa estrutura e as relações semânticas tecidas a partir dela, mas até o momento nenhuma teoria explica de forma satisfatória as TCs e estruturas relacionadas, com objeto lacunado, como pretty predicates, gapped degree phrases e ready predicates. Os objetivos desta dissertação são: (a) discutir, à luz dos dados, as diferentes propostas teóricas para TCs e construções relacionadas, buscando sistematizar nosso conhecimento atual sobre a gramática dessas construções em inglês e em algumas línguas românicas, como o francês, o espanhol, e o romeno; (b) apresentar uma nova abordagem teórica, construída a partir da negação das premissas adotadas em estudos anteriores, sugerindo que, em TCs e estruturas relacionadas, a formação do predicado envolva nominalização e adjunção de projeções máximas, resultando em estruturas simétricas. Na análise proposta, o elo semântico entre o sujeito sintático do predicado e o objeto lógico do verbo no infinitivo se realiza na Forma Lógica, em função da estrutura argumental do verbo nominalizado e da categoria do adjetivo concatenado simetricamente. A modelagem teórica apresentada permite unificar TCs, pretty predicates, gapped degree phrases e ready predicates, propondo que essas construções compartilham os processos de nominalização e de adjunção de projeções máximas, diferenciando-se nas relações semânticas entre seus elementos. Permite também uma explicação mais adequada para o comportamento de for phrases e para o fato de que apenas as TCs (e algumas gapped degree phrases) aparecem em posição prenominal, com uso atributivo.<br>Superficially, tough constructions (TCs) like John is easy to please present the format [DP COPULA A VINF], but their distinctive characteristic is that the subject DP is interpreted as the logical object of the verb in the infinitive. Many theoretical studies have examined the syntactic structure of TCs and the semantic relations supported by that structure, but to date no theory provides a good explanatory description for TCs and related object-gap constructions like pretty predicates, gapped degree phrases, and ready predicates. The objectives of this thesis are (a) to discuss, in light of the data, the different theoretical proposals on TCs and related constructions, providing a systematic overview of current knowledge on the grammar of these constructions in English and a number of Romance languages, such as French, Spanish and Romanian, and (b) to present a new theoretical approach, starting from a contrarian position on the premises adopted in earlier studies. Under the proposed analysis, formation of the predicate in TCs and related constructions involves nominalization of the verb in the infinitive and adjunction of maximal projections, resulting in a symmetrical structure. In this symmetrical structure, the semantic link between syntactic subject and logical object is established at Logical Form, in function of the nominalized verb s argument structure and the category of the concatenated adjective. The theoretical model presented in this thesis unifies TCs, pretty predicates, gapped degree phrases and ready predicates, suggesting that these constructions share the processes of nominalization and adjunction of maximal projections, and differ in the semantic relationships between their elements. It also offers a principled explanation for the behavior of for-phrases in these object-gap constructions and for the fact that only TCs (and some gapped degree phrases) appear prenominally, in attributive use.

Dissertação para Obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial<br>Touchscreen mobile devices growth resulted in an explosion of the mobile applications. Focusing on touch mobile game applications this study aims to fulfill a research gap, creating appropriate usability guidelines for these applications. Concerns about usability, touch technologies, mobile devices and game testing, provided the background needs for this study. Initial game application tests allowed for the creation and implementation of such proposed usability guidelines into a support checklist (UsaGame), designed to help applications developers. An evaluation test was performed with 20 users in order to assess the validity of the proposed guidelines. Results from the test of the two builds from the same game application allowed comparisons that led to the assessment of the importance of some of the guidelines implemented into the application. Results suggested a usability improvement on the game application implemented with the guidelines. Furthermore results allowed commenting on all proposed usability guidelines.

Blind people cannot enter text on touch devices using common input methods. They use special input methods that have lower performance (i.e. lower entry rate and higher error rate). Most blind people have muscle memory from using classic physical keyboards, but the potential of using this memory is not utilized by existing input methods. The goal of the project is to take advantage of this muscle memory to improve the typing performance of blind people on wide touch panels. To this end, four input methods are designed, and a prototype for each one is developed. These input methods are compared with each other and with a standard input method. The results of the comparison show that using input methods designed in this report improves typing performance. The most promising and the least promising approaches are specified.

With the introduction of new input devices, such as multi-touch surface displays, the Nintendo WiiMote, the Microsoft Kinect, and the Leap Motion sensor, among others, the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) finds itself at an important crossroads that requires solving new challenges. Given the amount of three-dimensional (3D) data available today, 3D navigation plays an important role in 3D User Interfaces (3DUI). This dissertation deals with multi-touch, 3D navigation, and how users can explore 3D virtual worlds using a multi-touch, non-stereo, desktop display. The contributions of this dissertation include a feature-extraction algorithm for multi-touch displays (FETOUCH), a multi-touch and gyroscope interaction technique (GyroTouch), a theoretical model for multi-touch interaction using high-level Petri Nets (PeNTa), an algorithm to resolve ambiguities in the multi-touch gesture classification process (Yield), a proposed technique for navigational experiments (FaNS), a proposed gesture (Hold-and-Roll), and an experiment prototype for 3D navigation (3DNav). The verification experiment for 3DNav was conducted with 30 human-subjects of both genders. The experiment used the 3DNav prototype to present a pseudo-universe, where each user was required to find five objects using the multi-touch display and five objects using a game controller (GamePad). For the multi-touch display, 3DNav used a commercial library called GestureWorks in conjunction with Yield to resolve the ambiguity posed by the multiplicity of gestures reported by the initial classification. The experiment compared both devices. The task completion time with multi-touch was slightly shorter, but the difference was not statistically significant. The design of experiment also included an equation that determined the level of video game console expertise of the subjects, which was used to break down users into two groups: casual users and experienced users. The study found that experienced gamers performed significantly faster with the GamePad than casual users. When looking at the groups separately, casual gamers performed significantly better using the multi-touch display, compared to the GamePad. Additional results are found in this dissertation.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>As Novas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (NTICs) estão incorporadas no cotidiano da geração digital Web 2.0, que, segundo especialistas, é a que mais lê e escreve, prática originalmente reconhecida por escrileitura. Esta pesquisa, no esforço de compreender o que toca essa geração touch, investiga, por meio de teóricos, filósofos e poetas, como também pela análise dos diários de bordo, pesquisa eletrônica e relatos casuais, como se dão as novas práticas de leitura e escrita de adolescentes situados na faixa etária de 11 a 14 anos, período em que se constata um crescente desinteresse pela leitura literária. Considerando a internet a convergência das mídias e o locus destas novas práticas, cujo núcleo é o hipertexto, o desafio se dá em observar o ato comunicativo neste ciberespaço, lugar de múltiplas e quase indistinguíveis falas, e averiguar como se dá a experiência com a literatura nesse contexto. A pluralidade de saberes que circulam fora da escola, que antes era a única legitimadora do saber, constitui um dos maiores desafios do mundo da comunicação à contemporaneidade. O estudo sobre os novos modos de ler e escrever é, sobretudo, uma proposta de reflexão sobre teoria e prática, nos conscientizando continuamente de que a transformação nos modos de circulação do saber é uma das mais profundas transformações que pode sofrer uma sociedade. Como diria o poeta, isso exige um estudo profundo, uma aprendizagem de desaprender.<br>The New Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are incorporated into the daily life of digital web 2.0 generation, which, according to experts, is the one that reads and writes more; a practice originally acknowledged as escrileitura/ writereading. In an effort to understand what touches this generation touch this research investigates, by means of theoreticians, philosophers and poets, as well as by the analysis of logbooks, electronic survey and casual reports, how the new practices ofwriting and reading of adolescents in the age range of 11 to 14; a period in which a growing lack of interest for literary reading is evident. If we consider the internet as the convergence of the medias and the locus of these new practices whose core is the hypertext, then the challenge is to observe the communicative act in this cyberspace; a place of multiple and almost indistinguishable speeches; and investigate how the experience with the literature happens in that context. The plurality of knowledge that circulates outside school, which was once the only authenticator of knowledge, constitutes one of the greatest challenges of the world of communication to contemporaneousness. The study on new ways of reading and writing is, above all, a proposal to reflection on its theory and practice, making us continually conscientious that the transformation in which knowledge circulates is one of the deepest transformation that a society can go through. As the poet would say: this requires an in-depth study, a learning of unlearning.

The goal of this thesis is to analyze whole new market of touch devices. It describes main competitors of this market and tries to uncover reasons of their success. Main focus of this paper is to descibe new concepts of those touch devices, which through its disruptive inovations created whole new trend in the field of information technology. Another goal of this thesis is to describe ways of doing business with those devices. To do this, thesis focuses on applications for touch devices, mainly on Apple devices and operationg systém iOS. After that thesis defines few forms in which this business can be done (which are basically forms of application development). Because of that thesis is further focused mainly on applications themselves. App Store, as a revolutionary distribution method for applications, is described in detail. In the end of this paper there is a complete example of creating application.