Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tourism Egypt

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Tourism Egypt'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 December 2022
Last updated: 25 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

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AbuElEnain, EmadEddin, and Saber Yahia. "Benchmarking the Egyptian Shopping Tourism Sector against International Best Practices in Dubai, UAE." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 3 (January 21, 2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i3.p72-77.

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Shopping tourism has become one of the main economic motivators for tourism development in several destinations. “Shopping means entertainment and experience. Regardless of trip purpose –business, family or vacation—shopping is woven into the human interactions of the visit.” It means exploring and discovering and could be about the planned or temporary consumption. Shopping became gradually more significant element of the tourism “value chain”. Shopping has improved into a contributing factor determining tourism destination selection, a vital element of the total tourist knowledge and, sometimes, the major tourism incentive. Destinations have consequently an enormous chance to influence this innovative “market trend” by increasing realistic and exclusive shopping experiences that enhance value to their tourist deal while strengthening, and even, outlining their tourism brand and planning. This research suggests that there are increasing numbers of tourists who are travelling to Dubai with the aim of shopping, not only because they are encouraged by a mixture of first-class shopping, reasonable costs, trustworthy deals, Duty-free and a variation of rate or goods related aspects, but the charm of the destination certainly creates decision when selecting a destination. This study provides an outline of the significance and up-to-date types of shopping tourism, principally in the emerging market of Dubai, offering recommendations to support Egypt as a central tourist destination to stimulate the inbound shopping tourism. This research first examines relevant literature on possibility to develop this tourism type in Egypt and make it one of the tourist attractions by comparing it to Dubai, UAE as a shopping destination. The study explores the objectives, and factors affecting the progress of that type in Egypt and the improvements made in Dubai. The research then investigates potentialities of developing that type in Egypt and its impacts on improving the tourist experience in Egypt and increasing the tourist flow into Egypt. Results indicated that shopping tourism could face several obstacles in practical performance, but it could be very helpful in supporting the tourism industry in Egypt especially at the time of deterioration. However, shopping tourism can also offer incentives to the tourism employees who have almost lost their jobs and may change their career. Benefits are not only confined to this, but also extended to cover enhancing existing tourism types and introducing new ones as well as enhancing the tourist numbers and their average expenditure. The Research provides recommendations for actions that could encourage more tourists to visit Egypt as a shopping destination.Keywords: shopping, Dubai, purchasing, goods, products.
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Elmoghazy, Mona, and Maii Omar. "Culinary tourism in Egypt: a tourist perspective." International Academic Journal Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijaf.2016.95557.

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Neagu, Florentina-Stefania. "The influence of geopolitical events on tourism in Egypt." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 12, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2018-0059.

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Abstract The political, military, terrorist acts that took place during 2011-2017 have affected the tourism industry to a large extent, their effects being seen in the gradual decrease of the number of tourists generating income not only for tourism agencies, but also for tourism objectives for small merchants selling their products near tourist attractions. This has led to the closure of several souvenir shops, but also to the reduction of revenue generated by the flow of tourists to hotels, guides, restaurants. The Egyptian government has attempted to relaunch tourism by contracting a loan from the International Monetary Fund, reopening tourist attractions such as King Seti and Queen Nefertari, the Antiquities Ministry is continuing to finance the acquisition of metal detectors and scanners that are located in the tourist attractions included in the patrimony national. On the other hand, the fiscal measures adopted by the government, which impose VAT on local goods and services, have led to a price increase for all products and ultimately affecting not only citizens but also tourists who find that prices for tourist packages have increased within a few months. To highlight how great the influence that geopolitical events have on Egyptian tourism, data were analyzed for the period 2011-2017 of the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics of Egypt, World Tourism Organization and the World Factbook..
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Andrusyak, Natalia, and Natalia Anipko. "Activities of travel agencies and tour operators in Egypt." Науковий вісник Чернівецького університету : збірник наукових праць, no. 826 (November 27, 2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2020.826.82-88.

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Egypt is a popular tourist destination for tourists from Ukraine. This destination is the most successful for sale to tourists, as it has the longest duration during the year and is affordable. Despite the fact that the active tourist season in Egypt lasts from March to December, but even in the relatively cold winter months, tourists from Ukraine choose Egypt as a destination. The events of 2020 have significantly affected the activities of both tour operators and travel agencies. The previously fierce competition has intensified. However, every year there is a decrease in the level of confidence of tourists in tourism enterprises. This is due to the fact that tourists do not always receive reliable information about the tourist product, and often managers do not conduct a full consultation of tourists. Therefore, it is advisable to study the current state of travel agencies and tour operators, barriers that hinder the development of tourism enterprises and the causes of tourism collapses. This type of research will be relevant in 2021, when new information will be obtained on the functioning of the tourism industry in the Pavid-19 pandemic in 2020. The activity of travel agencies and tour operators of Chernivtsi in the direction of Egypt is analyzed in the work. A survey of travel agencies in Chernivtsi and tourists. Leaders among tour operators of Ukraine for travel agencies in Chernivtsi, leaders among tour operators in Egypt have been identified. The analysis of applications of tourists for selection of tour by tourist agencies of Chernivtsi is carried out, the basic demand for a tourist product of this or that country among the population of the Chernivtsi area is revealed, the countries-leaders on tourist demand are allocated, etc. Tour operators, which today are leaders in the tourist market of our country, are also leaders in the sale of tourist products to Egypt. Among the leaders are tour operators Join Up, Anex Tour, followed by TPG, Coral, TUI, TEZ Tour. Travel agencies in Chernivtsi today offer holidays in all the famous resorts of Egypt - Sharm el-Sheikh, Hurghada and Marsa Alam. They prefer tourist products, including in Egypt, the two leaders of the tourist market of Ukraine - Join Up and Anex Tour. The results of a survey of the population of Chernivtsi region and managers of travel agencies in Chernivtsi showed that the leaders in tourist demand are four countries - Bulgaria, Egypt, Turkey and Greece. A total of 856 applications were submitted to travel agencies for processing. Applications for the selection of the tour were analyzed, in the main demand for the tourist product of a country.
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Mohamed, Dr Khaled Mohamed Sadek, Omar Salman, and Ibrahim Elhenawy. "Utilizing the New Technologies For Enhancing Healthcare Tourism in Egypt." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (August 22, 2020): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug097.

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This paper recognizes and identifies various new advances technologies and applications in Information Communication Technologies that gradually revolutionize the tourism industry and related business and industries. The Tourism business sector is the most aggressive and competitive business in the worldwide and one of the most complicated business sectors .The tourism industry primarily consists of businesses that provide accommodation, transformation, flight trips, attractions, food and beverage, and integrated combination of these activities. This research is focused on using the new technologies to develop healthcare tourism in Egypt by increasing the tourist awareness of healthcare tourism. This aim is achieved by using new technologies such as Big Data Analytic Technology and knowledge-based information system in order to forecast tourist’s demands, needs and requests in tourism industry sector. Any data concerning the future development of tourism flows is of extraordinary significance to hoteliers, travel agents and other industries related with tourism business. Precise prediction of traveler services needs will be coordinated for the business' activities and allotment of assets, for example, labor, money related administration, advertising the executives… and so on to accomplish adequacy of arrangement ahead of time and cost decrease. Showing that the Internet and sharp technological development have encouraged the increasing demand for tourism and using new technologies in forecasting the tourist demands and needs will naturally promote or potentiate an increase of tourism demand.
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Moneer, Aziza. "Egypt’s Image Repair Strategies in Time of Crisis: A Case Study of the Russian Flight Crash." Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft 12, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tw-2020-0002.

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AbstractIn the wake of the Russian plane crash in November in 2015 in Sinai, Russia and a number of countries suspended their airlines from operating routes to Sharm el-Sheikh, causing a severe tourist crisis. By the end of 2015, tourism receipts fell by about USD 3.6 billion to represent only 1.1 percent of GDP (IMF, 2017). During the 26 months air traffic suspension, Egypt becomes a word that conjures negative images such as unsafe destination, insecure environment and politically unstable country which sent a danger signal to the observing people of the possible risks involved in visiting Egypt (Matthews, 2016). However, during this period Egypt pursued a collective effort to enhance Egypt’s image and to encourage the tourism markets to resume their travels to Egypt. In January 2018, the Russian government finally lifted its two years ban on Russian tourism to Egypt and Russian flights returned to Cairo in April 2018 (Samir, 2019).This study aims to uncover strategies used by Egypt’s authorities to restore a positive image in the aftermath of Russian flights suspension, based on Benoit’s (1997) “multi-strategies model for repairing a destination image”. The study applies a qualitative content analysis of 30 semi-structured interviews with officials in the Egyptian tourism and civic aviation authorities. The efforts to repair the image of the Egyptian tourism industry evolved through two phases. At first, the discourse revolved around evading responsibility and attempted to reduce the crisis’s perceived offensiveness, relying mainly on bolstering and defeasibility. The second phase appeared to emerge gradually, using corrective actions in order to restore Egypt’s image as a ‘safe’ tourist destination.
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Ayad, Tamer, Ibrahim Abdelhamed Elshaer, Mohamed A. Moustafa, and Alaa M. Shaker. "Examining the Relationship Among Counterfeit Product, Consumer Buying Behavior, and Sustainable Tourism Development." International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 12, no. 4 (October 2021): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcrmm.2021100105.

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The global trade in counterfeit products has a significant effect on the global sales and profits, public health, safety, and security. Meanwhile, shopping at street and night markets is an important tourist activity, which may affect the tourism economy and sustainable tourism development. This study aims to examine the interrelationships among counterfeit products, consumer buying behavior, and sustainable tourism development variables as perceived by tourists in Egypt. Data were collected from 573 tourists in Egypt. Using structural equation modeling with Amos, results showed a positive significant positive relationship between buying counterfeit products and purchase intention and a significant negative relationship between buying counterfeit products and sustainable tourism development. Future research and implications are also discussed.
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Kabil, Moaaz, Ebtehal Ahmed AbdAlmoity, Katalin Csobán, and Lóránt Dénes Dávid. "Tourism centres efficiency as spatial unites for applying blue economy approach: A case study of the Southern Red Sea region, Egypt." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 27, 2022): e0268047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268047.

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This study aims to assess and analyse the efficiency of the tourism centres in the Southern Red Sea region, Egypt to apply coastal tourism development through the blue economy perspective. According to this aim, the study used two efficiency methods: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Free Disposal Hull (FDH). A total of 29 tourism centres were selected to conduct the DEA and FDH methods. These efficiency methods (DEA-FDH) used inputs and outputs variables to estimate the efficiency of the tourism centres. The selected inputs were the length of the shoreline (km), area (ha), tourism investments (million EGP), quality of coral reefs, numbers of hotels, and tourism accommodation capacity. While the outputs were employees’ number and tourists’ number. The results indicate that, generally, the tourism centres in the Southern Red Sea region of Egypt showed high-efficiency scores, which reflects their good preparedness to implement the various coastal tourism development strategies from the blue economy perspective. The tourism centres in the Safaga-Quseir tourism sector were the most efficient ones, regardless of the efficiency models used. While the tourist centres representing the Ras Banas tourism sector were the least efficient centres in the whole sample (29 tourism centres).
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Mohamed Atef, Amr. "Sustainable Heritage tourism in Egypt." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Architecture and Cultural Heritage 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijmsac.2021.187252.

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Doaa, E., Ali,, Mouharam, A. Y., and Rady, A. "SUSTAINABLE ECO-TOURISM IN EGYPT." Journal of Environmental Science 43, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jes.2018.23981.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

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Abdelrahman, R. M. "From heritage to hedonism : the repositioning of the tourist image of Egypt : a key informant qualitative inquiry." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/321805.

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This thesis provides an examination of the managerial policies adopted by the Egyptian tourism sector in planning and implementing the repositioning of the image of Egypt from the mid 1960s onwards. It aimed at augmenting its traditional cultural identity with an additional hedonistic dimension, derived from the development of beach resort tourism on the Red Sea coast. In addition to exploring the specific elements of the Egyptian repositioning, including an evaluation of its success, the study seeks to identify from the analysis, the key issues and managerial requirements involved in the repositioning of destinations in general, and proposes a preliminary model of the content and sequencing of the repositioning process. The study employed a qualitative methodology involving ethnographic fieldwork with key informants, chosen as representatives of the main categories of stakeholders who participated in Egyptian tourism planning of the repositioning programme. It took its direction and procedures from an adaptation of Grounded theory, in which three main sources of data were collected and appraised: ethnographic interview responses, direct observation, and documentation generated both internally and externally. The results revealed by this study suggest that, though total tourist flows generally increased after the repositioning, and the proportion of tourists visiting the Red Sea beach resorts, rather than the cultural locations, also increased, the lack of proper evaluation mechanisms of the programme made it difficult to attribute causally these changes to public sector managerial decisions, rather than to other variables in the broader external environment (world tourism growth trends, power of the international operators, price competitiveness, etc.). Moreover, in analysing the mechanics of the programme, a number of key areas of deficiency in strategic planning and marketing practice were identified. These deficiencies included: weak or non-existent marketing research; poor market targeting and product portfolio analysis; inadequate planning and evaluation procedures; weak communication, and integration of effort between stakeholders; and limited awareness of cutting edge promotional practices. The normative model of repositioning offered at the end of the Results section of this study seeks to address some of the problems and deficiencies disclosed in the Egyptian case study, by suggesting some of the desiderata of best practice when destinations need to augment, modify, or change their image.
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Helmy, Eman Mohamed. "Towards sustainable tourism development planning : the case of Egypt." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 1999. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/9616/.

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Sustainability has become critically important for the success of any balanced tourism development. This cannot be achieved without full consideration and integration of sustainable development principles into the planning mechanisms of the tourist destination/s. This study was initiated to justify the role of planning as a tool for implementing sustainability in tourism. It has hypothesized that a complete evaluation of performance of the tourism planning mechanism should be considered as a starting point, highlighting the needs, strengths, weaknesses and deficiencies of tourism planning mechanisms adopted by tourist destinations. The research method proposed an assessment system for the different levels of the planning mechanism (policies, strategies, plans and techniques) from a sustainable point of view and thus contributed to the field of tourism planning assessment and evaluation. The research divided sustainability in tourism into four main dimensions: economic, environmental (natural and manmade), socio - cultural and continuity of the development process. It developed a set of key criteria to assess each dimension at every level of the planning mechanism. As Egypt was selected as a case study, the research offered an analysis of its tourism planning mechanism with a focus on points of strengths and weaknesses at each level. Primary data (face to face interviews) and secondary data (tourist policy and documented tourist plans) were employed to examine each element of sustainability. This was followed by recommendations and suggestions for enhancing the performance of Egyptian tourism planning to attain more sustainable development goals and to implement more efficient tools for the application of sustainable tourism. The research also highlighted the role of assessment and evaluation in tourism studies and the importance of conducting an ongoing assessment of tourist planning and development processes. This in turn leads to improving the functions of each planning stage, monitoring the whole planning process and controlling deviations in the planning performance. This study has directed attention towards the field of evaluation and assessment in tourism and has introduced a new path for sustainable tourism development planning.
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Nosier, Shereen Adel Hassan. "Estimating the international tourism demand for Egypt : 'an econometric approach'." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6861.

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The thesis aims to identify the main factors that significantly affect tourism demand for Egypt. Both time series data and panel data are used to model and forecast tourism demand for Egypt from all origins, as well as three individual regions of origin, including Europe, Arab and the Americas. The methodological and econometric approaches introduced in this thesis proceed from the simple to the more complex structure to obtain more reliable estimation. First, we estimate tourism demand for Egypt using the co-integration and error correction (CI/ECM) approach based on a single equation, followed by using a system of equations approach over the period 1970-2009. All the estimated econometric methods, in addition to two univariate time series methods, are used to generate ex-post forecasting for all the models over the period 2005-2009. The preferred method is used in producing ex-ante forecasting of future tourism demand for Egypt for the period 2010-2014. Panel co-integration techniques are also used to estimate tourism demand models over the period 1980-2009. Finally, the causality relationship between tourism demand and its economic determinants is estimated based on panel data analysis, which may provide more guidance for policy makers in Egypt. The results indicate that tourism demand for Egypt is found to be co-integrated with its fundamental determinants at the 1% significance level, with a high adjustment speed toward the steady state equilibrium. The importance of long-run income for all tourists from different nationalities is affirmed; with an elastic demand for non-Arab tourists. Price is also an important determinant, with a different effect in each originating region. It takes less than unity value for all tourists, except the Arab. Tunisia is found to be the most significant alternative to Egypt, with a complementary effect for Europe and the Americas tourists, but substitutability effect for Arab tourists. Hotel capacity is a significant and positive factor for all nationalities, except the Americas. Globalization is important in all models; it has a positive effect for all non-Arab nationalities. Political instability has a significant and negative effect, with the most effect on the Americas. All the determinants Granger cause tourist arrivals in the long run, but globalization and hotel capacity are of great importance with a bidirectional effect with tourist arrivals. Ex-post forecasting results show that the CI/ECMs outperform the other time series methods and produce highly accurate forecasts. The number of arrivals and nights from all origin markets is likely to increase in absolute terms (2010-2014), but with slower growth than recent trend.
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Fayed, Hanaa Abd El-Kader Sayed. "The impact of GATS : a case study of tourism development in Egypt." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2002. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/10568/.

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Economic activity is becoming not only more internationalised, but, more significantly, it is becoming increasingly globalised. Globalisation is always regarded as a product of the liberalisation that has been the hallmark of economic policy throughout the world during the past two decades. Globalisation and liberalisation feed off each other and the former has certainly set in motion forces working to accelerate liberalisation. Both globalisation and liberalisation have increased the potential for international trade to further establish itself as an engine of growth and an important mechanism for integrating countries into the global economy. Tourism is not only the dominant service in world trade, it has also become one of the most important industries in the world and its economic impacts are vital for many countries. The tourism industry has long supported the idea of services agreements and has become a major force of the globalisation of international trade, particularly in services. The significance of tourism as a source of income and employment and as a major factor in the balance of payments for many countries has been attracting increasing attention. Governments, private sector entities, regional and local authorities, and others with an interest in international trade and economic development have recognised the role to be played by tourism. If the barriers to worldwide travel were eliminated or reduced substantially, international trade in tourism services is likely to increase dramatically. The globalisation of production and the liberalisation of trade offer opportunities for all countries and enable developing countries to play a more active role in the world economy. However, these newfound opportunities do not come without a price and this is to be found in the increasing complexity associated with interdependence including instability and marginalisation. Therefore, the net result is one of trade off between economic gains and costs. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is the only international body dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the trading nations of the world. Its main functions, as defined in article III of the Agreement, are to facilitate the implementation, administration and operation of the Uruguay Round Agreements (GATT, GATS, TRIPS, act) and to provide a forum for negotiations among members. The WTO's overriding objective is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly and predictably. There is no doubt that the WTO and the GATS have assisted the growth of international trade in goods and services. However, the success of such instruments relies upon markets behaving in a Ricardian manner incorporating the fluidity and transparency that form the substance of those markets. The purpose of this research is, through analysis, to gain insight into the impacts of liberalisation brought about by the GATS on tourism development in Egypt and to explore stakeholders' perceptions of tourism liberalisation. This research aims to analyse the terms, codes and practice of the WTO and the GATS and their implications for the tourism sector. This examination is intended to enhance understanding of how the General Agreement is intended to work and how it may help governments exploit the system to their own advantage, especially in the developing countries. The research has five broad objectives. The first is to evaluate the level of openness in Egypt's trade in services in general and tourism in particular. The second is to examine and display the main features of Egypt's GATS commitments. Third, is to explore whether the macroeconomic environment offers the necessary conditions for tourism liberalisation and for private business development (foreign and local alike). Fourth, to determine whether the institutional climate is amenable to the growth and competitiveness of private firms. Finally, to evaluate the potential impacts of GATS on tourism development in Egypt. This research also has the objective of developing policy options that embrace and reflect all the major relevant concepts of tourism liberalisation. There are likely to be transitional impacts of trade liberalisation through WTO and GATS. The World Bank (2000) states that globalisation and liberalisation do not benefit everyone equally. Developing countries and the least developing countries are always the least able to take advantage of the opportunities that GATS presents, and globalisation and liberalisation may lead to an increase in inequality in these countries. The future of tourism development in Egypt, as well as the ability of Egypt to integrate successfully into the global trading system will depend upon its ability to strengthen its capacity to produce internationally competitive services and upon the extent of liberalisation in the services sectors in general and the tourism sector in particular. In today's globalised market, a country competes with every other destination in the type and price of tourism it offers. The main findings of this research indicate that if Egypt is to be successful in competing in the international tourism market, standards of excellence must be introduced for its products, particularly for infrastructure and accommodation and services. Management and administration of the sector must improve. Governments must shift to policies that encourage tourism. For example, the sector cannot develop without improvements in public health and personal safety in tourist areas. Air policies that support ease of access and traffic growth are also critical. Governments must also invest in expanded human resource development and institutional capacity building, and improve environmental mitigation and protection. The value to the final consumer is determined by the quality of all these components of the tourism package. Given its cross-sectoral nature, tourism will only develop in a sustainable manner if it is integrated into the country's overall policies and economic and physical planning mechanisms and if linkages are created across the many sectors spanned by tourism. Partial policy measures will be inadequate to address vested interests, underlying economic relationships and generic social or physical constraints. The creation of highly competitive products through good management of natural and built tourist assets is most likely to convince the international industry to promote one country over another in the global market place. Countries can influence these external industry managers through an effective and continuing promotion and marketing campaign, but will be successful only if there is a highquality, competitive product to sell that competes in value and not just price. It is hoped that these findings, which offer an understanding of the impacts of GATS and WTO on tourism development, may help address national and regional tourism development policy-making and strategies in developing countries.
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Horsfall, Kaye. "Islam and tourism in the Middle East : the case of Egypt." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1996. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21306.

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In this study the use of tourism as a means of promoting development in Islamic countries in the Middle East is discussed. In tourism generally the image of a host country and its people is an important factor in the choice of a destination. In the case of Islamic countries image is of especial importance because of the cultural differences between them and Western countries and because of Western perceptions of the resurgence of Islam. The present Western image of Egypt is considered. An image may be formed in two ways. It may be organic or it may be induced. In the case of Egypt the organic image is found to be particularly relevant because of the kinds of influences to which potential tourists are likely to have been exposed in a Western culture in which Orientalist influences may have induced negative stereotypes of Islam and Muslims. A distorted organic image attributable to Orientalism may then have been perpetuated and emphasised by the induced image resulting from the way in which the destination image is promoted by the tourism industry. In its attempts to manipulate the potential tourist the industry may knowingly or unknowingly have created a false image. A misconceived advertising approach may give rise to disappointment in tourists who find that their expectations are not realised and may thereby damage the image of the country as a tourist destination. The use of tourism to promote economic growth in any developing country may lead to a divergence of opinions between the economists and planners, for whom the foremost consideration is the contribution which the tourist industry can make to the economy, and the mass of ordinary people who see tourism as being primarily a foreigners' industry which has little relevance to their lives. If they perceive that tourists have an unfavourable image of them, that can give rise to resentment. The role of Islamist extremism in the decline of the tourism industry in Egypt is explored. This involves a consideration of the effect of the rise in the Middle East in recent years of radical Islamism, with a growing number of people in favour of the creation of an Islamic state and the restoration of Islamic law. Although only a small minority may be prepared to use violent means to achieve their aims, extremist violence has greatly reduced the number of tourists willing to take what they believe to be the high risk of a visit to Egypt. A general review of tourism in Egypt sets out the present state of the industry; explains how certain parts of it are developing, and explores the possibility of the development of an Islamic heritage product, which would supplement the Pharaonic product and which might result in tourism becoming more acceptable to the Islamist element among the Egyptian people. Finally, an examination of the country's potential markets and products highlights those which it is hoped will attract greater numbers of tourists to Egypt.
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Attia, Amr Abdalla Abdelaziz. "Planning for sustainable tourism development : an investigation into implementing tourism policy in the North West coast region of Egypt." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318001/.

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'Policy analysis is one activity for which there can be no fixed program, for policy analysis is synonymous with creativity, which may be stimulated by theory and sharpened by practice.' (Wildavsky 1979: 3) This study is concerned with analyzing the tourism public policy process within the framework of institutional arrangements, power arrangements, values, interests, and motivations of the principal actors involved in the process. It aims to explain and analyze the development process of the North West Coast (NWC) region of Egypt which experienced the implementation of a tourism public policy that was employed to assist with the resolution of Egypt's human settlement and economic problems. Accordingly, it examines the national development challenges, the policies adopted to address them and the coherent history of the tourism policy process executed in the NWC region. The study evaluates the tourism policy in terms of how far it achieved its promises. The findings of the research support the research hypothesis, which postulates that short-term political expediency constrained the implementation of national and regional policy objectives. Political expediency was examined in both the policy formulation and policy implementation stages of the policy process and was manifested when the actors involved were found seeking special advantage through public policy. In addition, it was manifested when institutions (each with its own preferences) struggled to control resources and implement their agendas. Furthermore, it was manifested when certain concessions to a powerful clan or a kin were awarded to gain more political powers. Accordingly, the theoretical framework is based on analyzing three dynamic and interrelated fields: First, the politics of public policy implementation, with particular reference to tourism as an instrument for development. Second, the concept of sustainable tourism which is utilized as an analytical tool and as an idealized model against which tourism development in the NWC region has been evaluated, particularly because it was an overall objective for the region's tourism policy. Third: the extent of government activity in formulating tourism public policy and managing tourism development. The research shows that much of the deviations from achieving the national and regional policy objectives can be explained through the interactions, variations and relationships between institutional structures, power arrangements and the differences in values, motivations, and interests of the actors and institutions involved in formulating and implementing the tourism policy in the NWC region.
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Drahotová, Kristýna. "Egypt: ekonomika a postavení na mezinárodním trhu cestovního ruchu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192901.

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The diploma thesis deals with economy of Egypt and its position in the international tourism market. The aim of the thesis is to analyse economy and tourism of Egypt and define their relationship. The thesis is focused on the period of global economic crises and the following political crises, and tries to emphasize the impact of these two events. The thesis is divided into three chapters; the first one is a theoretical basis for the analysis itself. The second chapter is devoted to an outline of the political situation and analyses development of the main macroeconomic indicators in the context of the events of past few years. The third chapter analyses tourism and its effect on the economy.
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Ahlberg, Karin G. C. "'They are destroying the image of Egypt' : tourism, statecraft and infrastructures of image making, 1990-2013." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2017. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/26676/.

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Kassem, Mohammed Fathy El-Sayed Mohammed. "Marketing of tourism : an investigation of the application of marketing concepts and practices in promoting Egypt as a tourist destination in Britain and Ireland." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23766.

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The success of marketing physical products has led many scholars to suggest that marketing is a universal activity which can be applied with equal success to the sale of services. The purpose of this research is to examine the relevance and contribution of marketing to the tourism sectors in general, and the extent to which marketing concepts and modern marketing practices have been accepted and implemented by the Egyptian Tourism Bodies, and the British and Irish tour operators in promoting Egypt as a tourist destination in Britain and Ireland in the particular. A thorough examination of the literature regarding the applicability of marketing concepts and techniques to all tourism related sectors as well as the similarities and/or differences between goods marketing and services (tourism) marketing was carried out, based upon which specific hypotheses have been formalised and tested. The empirical investigation was carried out in the period between May and the end of October, 19 84. Two studies were conducted in order to verify the existence of the so-called marketing oriented philosophy in the Egyptian tourism related sectors, and the British and Irish tour operating companies offering Egypt as a tourist destination in Britain and Ireland. The first study was conducted with the British and Irish tour operators. Two questionnaires were distributed to all 34 British and Irish tour operators promoting visits to Egypt. The first questionnaire aimed at investigating their familiarity with Egypt as a tourist destination from which it was hoped to assess the marketing efforts of the Egyptian Tourism Bodies. The second one aimed at examining the marketing activities undertaken by tour operators to promote Egypt as a tourist destination. Another study was conducted with the actual British tourist customer of Egypt. A pre-tour questionnaire was distributed to 750 visitors who were going to Egypt in order to determine what image and expectations they have about the country. A post-tour questionnaire was distributed to another 750 visitors who were coming back from Egypt in order to assess their level of satisfaction with the country as a tourist destination. The findings of the field work reveal that the Egyptian Tourism Bodies are far from becoming marketing oriented and they have a long way to go to make effective use of marketing concepts and techniques. Thus, the marketing concept, with its total integration of business activities designed to provide customer satisfaction at a profit, is not wholly adopted and implemented by the British and Irish tour operators in promoting Egypt as a tourist destination. In addition, there is still room for possible improvement in many areas in order to fulfil the existing/potential customers' needs and maintain their satisfaction.
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Hussein, Rania. "The adoption of web based marketing in the travel and tourism industry : an empirical investigation in Egypt." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11125/.

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The main objective of this research is to increase academic understanding as well as provide managerial implications in relation to the determinants of the levels of web adoption for marketing purposes by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Egypt. Web adoption is specifically defined in this research as the ownership of a website to communicate and/or deliver travel services to a target market. Providing facilities for inquiry, reservation, communication and booking are examples of adoption of the web to provide travel services. This research is thus interested in how the web is being used to interact with customers. Additionally, the levels of adoption represent the different levels that SMEs go through in their adoption process starting with not owning a website to being a simple adopter to being a sophisticated adopter. Non-adopters do not own a web site. Simple adopters own web pages that have facilities for information provision and communication whereas sophisticated adopters own web pages that have facilities for online booking and completing a full transaction online. It is worth noting that the levels of adoption are interrelated and are not static but are part of a process of eEvolution. This research provides an empirical contribution by studying the tourism sector as an example of a service industry and investigating the relative importance of the factors that determine the different levels of web adoption by SMEs in the context of a developing country. In order to achieve this objective, the research integrates existing theories in order to develop a conceptual framework for the determinants of Web adoption in the tourism sector. Besides Roger’s model of innovation adoption, the Resource-based view of the firm, a theory that deals specifically with firm resources and capabilities, is used to provide valuable information about the firm-specific factors that are thought to have an influence on innovation adoption. The model developed in this research is based purely on existing research and it integrates different theoretical perspectives. In addition, the researcher empirically tests this framework using both qualitative and quantitative data from travel agents in Egypt. This research is divided into three main parts. The first part (chs. 2 &3) introduces the literature where the concept of Internet marketing is presented and the key themes of research on Internet marketing are discussed. A literature review on Internet adoption by firms is then presented and the gaps in literature highlighted. The key literature includes defining the web as an innovation and organizational adoption of innovation. The different ways in which innovation adoption has been studied are discussed and a classification of the different factors influencing innovation adoption is made. A review of the existing research on the factors influencing technological innovation adoption by organizations is then provided. Finally, Internet adoption including the web by SMEs is discussed. The main gaps identified are lack of research on SMEs adoption of the web from a level perspective (i.e. distinguishing between use for communication versus use for transactions), lack of research on innovation adoption in developing countries, too much focus on consumer adoption in comparison to organizational adoption of innovations, shortage of research on innovation adoption from a level perspective and a need to identify the critical factors that affect each level of adoption. A conceptual framework (ch.4) is then presented, based on integrating existing theories and literature, and a series of hypotheses derived. The second part starts by discussing the tourism sector in Egypt (ch.5) which is selected to be the research context and then outlines the methodology (ch.6). This research relies on triangulation with a mixed methods research approach which combines both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative work provides depth to the analysis. It is used to compare with the proposed model in an attempt to provide a more complete picture of the investigated phenomenon. The quantitative work tests the hypotheses and indicates generalizability of the results. It consists of descriptive analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis. Both logistic and multiple regression were conducted in this research. The third part of the research is concerned with the analysis of empirical results presented in four chapters. Chapter 7 deals with a small scale content analysis on travel agents’ websites to measure the evolution of services provided on these sites over a period of two years. Chapter 8 includes details of the qualitative work conducted in this research which consisted of 12 in-depth interviews with travel agents in Egypt and provided a basis for triangulating the findings from the quantitative analysis. Chapter 9 includes the descriptive analysis of the data as well as the reliability and validity tests on the measurement instrument. Chapter 10 presents the findings and the interpretations of the hypotheses testing. The contribution of this research is a synthesis of Roger’s innovation adoption model with the Resource-based View of the firm (RBV) to produce a revised conceptualisation for the adoption of innovations which is empirically tested for developing country SMEs in the context of tourism in Egypt. The key findings of this research are that management factors are important for the initial adoption decision by firms whereas marketing capabilities are important for more sophisticated adoption. As for perceived innovation attributes, relative advantage and complexity were found important for the initial adoption decision whereas perceived risk was found important for more sophisticated adoptions. This suggests that different factors affect the different levels of adoption. The main contributions of this research to theory are: first,-innovation attributes are not the whole story when studying firms’ adoption of the web, firm resources also affect firms’ adoption decision. Second,-different factors affect different levels of adoption thus when studying innovation adoption by firms, it is important to consider the adoption process as a continuous process that consists of different levels rather than a dichotomous process of adopt vs. non-adopt. The main contribution at the context level is that this is the first research to be conducted in Egypt which represents an important extension to the Web adoption studies that focused largely on developed countries. Additionally, the results of this research can be transferable to countries that share similarities with Egypt and may also be of relevance to SMEs in other sectors in Egypt as will be explained later.
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Books on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

1

Raafat, Aly. Leisure tourism in Egypt: Ecotourism - recreation. Giza, Egypt: Inter-Consult Research Center, 2001.

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Tohamy, Sahar. The economic impact of tourism in Egypt. Cairo: The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, 2000.

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Ṣ̣aqr, Muḥammad Fatḥī. International tourism volatility with special reference to Egypt. Cairo: The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, 2003.

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ʻUsaylah, Ṣubḥī. Wizārat al-Siyāḥah. [Cairo]: Markaz al-Dirāsāt al-Siyāsīyah wa-al-Istirātījīyah, al-Ahrām, 2003.

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Sex, tourism and the postcolonial encounter: Landscapes of longing in Egypt. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2010.

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Duʻbus, Muḥammad Yusrī Ibrāhīm. al- ʻAlāqāt al-ijtimāʻīyah lil-sāʾiḥ: Ruʾyah fī anthrūbūlūzhiyā al-siyāḥah. [Egypt]: M.Y.I. Duʻbus, 1993.

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Hanaa Abd El-Kader Sayed Fayed. The Impacts of Gats: A case study of tourism development in Egypt. Poole: Bournemouth University, 2002.

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Egypt Seminar on Tourism Statistics and Economic Impact Measurement (1997 Cairo, Egypt). Egypt Seminar on Tourism Statistics and Economic Impact Measurement: Cairo International Conference Centre, Cairo, Egypt, 15-16 December 1997. Madrid: World Tourism Organization, 1999.

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Nasr, Marwa. The environmental impacts of tourism on the Red Sea resorts and ancient monuments in Egypt. London: LCP, 2000.

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J, Frew Andrew, ed. Information and communication technologies in tourism 2004: Proceedings of the international conference in Cario, Egypt, 2004. Wien: Springer, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

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Ragab, Adla, and Ahmad Muhammad Ragab. "Egypt, tourism." In Encyclopedia of Tourism, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_323-1.

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Ragab, Adla, and Ahmad Muhammad Ragab. "Egypt." In Encyclopedia of Tourism, 291–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_323.

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Selima, Mostafa, Alan Fyall, and Tadayuki Hara. "Flagship attraction development and destination competitiveness: the Grand Egyptian Museum, Egypt." In Managing events, festivals and the visitor economy: concepts, collaborations and cases, 68–87. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242843.0006.

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Abstract This chapter seeks to identify those opportunities and challenges facing the development of tourism in Egypt and to examine how the development of a flagship cultural attraction offers the country a more resilient and sustainable form of tourism. The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) represents a once-in-generation opportunity for Egypt to enhance its international tourist appeal through the development of a world-leading cultural flagship attraction. The country demonstrates the role to be played by these attractions in enhancing destination competitiveness. The GEM serves as a catalyst to diversify the current Egyptian tourism product and experience, to make tourism more resilient, and to prepare the country for sustainable, long-term growth in its inbound markets.
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Mekawy, M. A. "Rural tourism development in Egypt: contemporary insights." In Sustainable destination branding and marketing: strategies for tourism development, 82–93. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394286.0082.

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El Haridi, Nourhane Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Abdelall Ibrahim, Hany Mohamed Ayad, and Zeyad Tarek El Sayad. "Comparative Analysis of the Desert and Green Vernacular Architecture in the Oases of Egypt." In Cultural Sustainable Tourism, 37–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10804-5_4.

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EL-Ashmouni, Marwa. "Architectural Cosmopolitanism, Decolonization, and Sustainable Cultural Tourism: Both “Familiarity” And “Escapism” Since Nineteenth-Century Egypt." In Cultural Sustainable Tourism, 47–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10804-5_5.

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Helmy, Eman. "5. Tourism Sustainability Planning in the ‘Arab World’: Insights from Egypt." In Tourism in the Arab World, edited by Hamed Almuhrzi, Hafidh Alriyami, and Noel Scott, 70–86. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845416157-006.

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Helmy, Eman M. "Integrated cultural heritage planning in Egypt." In Cultural and Heritage Tourism in the Middle East and North Africa, 170–86. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Contemporary geographies of tourism, leisure and mobility: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429279065-11.

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Homa, David. "Chapter 9. Touristic Development in Sinai, Egypt: Bedouin, Visitors, and Government Interaction." In Tourism in the Middle East, edited by Rami Farouk Daher, 237–62. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845410520-013.

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Kostianaia, Evgeniia A., Andrey Kostianoy, Olga Yu Lavrova, and Dmitry M. Soloviev. "Oil Pollution in the Northern Red Sea: A Threat to the Marine Environment and Tourism Development." In Environmental Remote Sensing in Egypt, 329–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39593-3_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

1

Aladassy, A., G. Mosaad, and K. Tarabieh. "Towards optimum energy performance measures for existing hotels in Egypt." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st160161.

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Pintilei, Corina Mădălina, and Pavel Stanciu. "The Dissonance Tourist Demand Prices. The Evolution of Romanian Tourist Packages to Turkey and Egypt Destination, During the COVID-19 Pandemic." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/57.

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The travel industry and tourism can rightly be considered the most affected branches of the global economy in the COVID-19 era, the tourism market registering the sharpest post-war decline with significant disruptions to the supply-demand ratio. An analysis of the tourist offers promoted by two of the most prolific tour operators in Romania states a strategic endurance approach based on psychological prices easily predictable, but focused on regaining a large segment of Romanian tourists who before 2020 practiced outgoing tourism . Turkey and Egypt are considered the destinations of the pandemic moment, the most appreciated in a state of continuous uncertainty, insecurity and reluctance to travel. During the years 2019-2020, the price offers of the Romanian tour operators did not register major changes, even if the outgoing tourist packages experienced, in full pandemic, conjunctural oscillations with reasonable decreases of prices followed, in some places, by price increases meant to suggest an intensification of tourist consumption with the lifting of the lockdown in various countries and the announcement of the first measures of social relaxation. The measures regarding the vaccination and the immunization of the population determined the Romanian tourists to react positively to the inner, urgent desire to travel regardless of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the temporary restrictions determined by it.
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Ramzy, Y. H. "Sustainable tourism development in AlFayoum Oasis, Egypt." In ECOSUD 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eco130141.

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Kenawy, E. H., and D. Shaw. "Developing a more effective regional planning framework in Egypt: the case of ecotourism." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st140071.

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Amara, D. F. "Tourism as a tool of development: the case study of Siwa oasis – Egypt western desert." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st100461.

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Al Sahouly, Ibrahim. "POST THE PANDEMIC: NEW MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING TOURISM CHALLENGES AFTER COVID-19 OUTBREAK." In TOURISM AND CONNECTIVITY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/tc2020.391.

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The widespread of the COVID 19 is dramatically shifting the outbreak from a public health crisis to a more serious economic, social and psychological implications. Currently, there is a need to produce implementation plan for the purpose of preparing citizens to deal with post crisis challenges for the objective of normalizing everyday practice, maintain productivity and protect the stability of the community. Having said so, the researcher believes that the best methodology to draft proposals for dealing with the post crisis milieu and reaching a practical method of normalization is through empirically investigating the current insights, concerns and needs of various samples from the community; thus, bridging what the researcher would like to call "the blind spot" or gaps of actions between decision makers and citizens.The purpose of this empirical research is to understand the effect of crisis communication on People's risk perception attitude, perceived safety and local travel intentions. This research applies quantitative research method among 300 Egyptian samples to test the research variables. This research findings suggest new implementation plans for overcoming the challenges facing the local tourism sector in Egypt due to Covid-19 pandemic crisis, and further recommends an audience-centered paradigm in marketing and communicating promotional messages in the field of tourism in Egypt for the purpose of flourishing the marketing of the sector.
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Shaaban, I., and Y. Ramzy. "The impact of climate change on tourism in Egypt as perceived by both policymakers and tourism managers." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st100211.

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Zoweil, R. Y., and M. G. Montasser. "Achieving corporate social responsibility based on human resources dimension: a case study approach, Porto Marina resort in Egypt." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st120061.

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Haiying, Zheng. "Egypt Tourism and Its Importance in Sustainable Development Goals." In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Social Transformation, Community and Sustainable Development (ICSTCSD 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icstcsd-19.2020.4.

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Voicu, Mirela-Catrinel. "CULTURAL TOURISM IN EGYPT. MOBILE APPLICATION AS ADVERTISING COMPONENT." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/4.1/s16.016.

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Reports on the topic "Tourism Egypt"

1

Breisinger, Clemens, Abla Abdel Latif, Mariam Raouf, and Manfred Wiebelt. Economic impact of COVID-19 on tourism and remittances: Insights from Egypt. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133762_12.

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Ahmed AlGarf, Yasmine. Harnessing the Power of the Collective: The Women’s Handicrafts Production Cooperative in Aswan, Egypt. Oxfam IBIS, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7857.

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The Women’s Handicrafts Production Cooperative is a success story that has transformed the lives of its members, who had been finding it hard to obtain employment. They are now focused on creating their own enterprise. Started in 2018, today the cooperative’s membership has expanded tenfold and created employment opportunities by using the principles of social solidarity economy and collective business models. The Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) project in Egypt, developed in partnership with the Better Life Association for Community Development (BLACD), provided technical training to the cooperative in handicrafts production, as well as life skills training, to empower the workers to continue despite all the societal pressure for them to give up. Assistance from BLACD came in when it was needed. Particularly during the COVID-19 crisis, with the tourism market shut down, BLACD has provided crucial technical advice and support, supporting the cooperative to brainstorm and identify several parallel income-generating activities. This case study contains some testimonies from members of the cooperative on how their collective strength was harnessed to create employment and income.
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