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Journal articles on the topic 'Tourism – Fiji'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Nosa, Vili, and Kitione Veitogavi. "A REVIEW OF MEDICAL TOURISM AND HOW IS IT APPLICABLE TO THE ISLAND OF FIJI." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 12 (December 19, 2021): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.812.11366.

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The purpose of this study is to undertake a literature review on the theme of medical tourism. We will use Fiji as a case study. The paper uses a systemic review of secondary data with a comprehensive data extraction methodology to match the subject areas with the specific countries being investigated. This literature review used 61 articles. Most medical tourism cases are driven by a desire for more economical healthcare services than those in most medical tourists' home nations. In order to drive essential improvements, the quality of services encourages investment in technology and facilities in medical tourism-active countries. With increased medical tourism investment and patient numbers, Asian Pacific countries have gained substantial foreign revenue. There are also many questions and uncertainties, despite the many positive aspects of medical tourism, such as the lack of a database to store patient records anywhere in the world or on the ground, growing medical tourism difficulties for local health services, and social and political factors such as corruption, political wars, and government uncertainty, all of which can have a significant impact on a country's medical care. Fiji has begun efforts to develop its medical tourism sector, setting up Oceania Hospital, and investing in Ba and Lautoka hospitals, operated and equipped by the Health Care Fiji brand. However, Fiji requires extensive government support, skilled and qualified personnel, valuable partnerships in its local sector, and infrastructural upgrades to incorporate medical tourism fully.

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2

Prasad, Navneel Shalendra, and Nikeel Nishkar Kumar. "Resident Perceptions of Environment and Economic Impacts of Tourism in Fiji." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 21, 2022): 4989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14094989.

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Knowledge of the negative impacts of tourism is an essential prerequisite for sustainability. This study explores the resident perceptions of an educated population on the environment and economic impacts of tourism in Fiji. Using a sample of 298 respondents based on the triple bottom line framework, we construct a model for sustainable tourism planning for Fiji. The structural equation modelling (SEM) approach indicates that awareness of the adverse effects of tourism is vital for the sustainable expansion of the sector and economic development. The current level and type of awareness are nonspecific. The study implies adaptation of sustainability into the education curriculum, enacting uncompromising sustainable acts and policies and forming an independent sustainability national council to vet all tourism developments.

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3

Soh, Ann-Ni, Chin-Hong Puah, and M. Affendy Arip. "Forecasting Tourism Demand with Composite Indicator Approach for Fiji." Business and Economic Research 9, no. 4 (September 23, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v9i4.15502.

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This study attempts to scrutinize the fluctuations of the Fijian tourism market and forecast the early warning signals of tourism market vulnerability using the tourism composite indicator (TCI). The data employed on a monthly basis from 2000M01 to 2017M12 and the indicator construction steps were adopted from the ideology of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). A parsimonious macroeconomic and non-economic fundamental determinant are included for the construction of TCI. Subsequently, the procedure then employed the seasonal adjustment using Census X-12, Christiano-Fitzgerald filtering approach, and Bry-Boschan dating algorithm. Empirical evidence highlighted the signalling attributes against Fijian tourism demand with an average lead time of 2.75 months and around 54 percent of directional accuracy rate, which is significant at 5 percent significance level. Thus, the non-parametric technique can forecast the tourism market outlook and the constructed TCI can provide information content from a macroeconomic perspective for policymakers, tourism market players and investors.

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4

Greenwood, D. W., and S. Miller. "Property in Fiji." Property Management 4, no. 3 (March 1986): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb006627.

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5

Naidu, Suwastika, Anand Chand, and Paul Southgate. "Determinants of innovation in the handicraft industry of Fiji and Tonga: an empirical analysis from a tourism perspective." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 8, no. 4 (October 7, 2014): 318–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-11-2013-0033.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of innovation in handicraft industry of Fiji and Tonga. Design/methodology/approach – Data for this study was collected via face-to-face interviews with handicraft sellers in Fiji and Tonga. In total, 368 interviews were conducted in Fiji and Tonga out of which, 48 was from Tonga and 320 was from Fiji. Findings – The results of this study show that eight factors; namely, value adding, design uniqueness, new product development, cultural uniqueness, advanced technology, experience of owner, ability of owner to adapt to trends in market and quality of raw materials have significant impact on level of innovation in handicraft industry of Fiji and Tonga. Originality/value – To date, none of the existing studies have examined determinants of innovation in handicraft industry of the Pacific Island countries. This is a pioneering study that examines determinants of innovation in handicraft industry of Fiji and Tonga.

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6

Pratt, Stephen, Scott McCabe, and Apisalome Movono. "Gross happiness of a 'tourism' village in Fiji." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 5, no. 1 (March 2016): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.11.001.

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7

Scheyvens, Regina, and Matt Russell. "Tourism, Land Tenure and Poverty Alleviation in Fiji." Tourism Geographies 14, no. 1 (February 2012): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2011.593188.

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8

Spennemann, Dirk H. R. "Groundwater, Graves and Golf: Layers of Heritage Tourism on a Fiji Resort Island." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 23, 2021): 5863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115863.

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While island resorts in the South Pacific are primarily marketed as sun, sea and sand destinations, cultural dimensions value-add to and diversify the product for mixed audiences. Resort developments require, at minimum, the compliance with legally mandated environmental standards and adherence to national employment legislation. Socio-culturally and environmentally sustainable tourism concepts should exceed mandated environmental standards and be characterised by a close involvement with and respect for the expectations of local host communities who may hold land and/or traditional usufruct rights. But do resort developments comply? Using an example of a resort established on free-hold land during the pioneering days of resort development in Fiji, the aim of this paper is to provide a deliberation of the tension between organic resort development and sustainable tourism on private land. It will show that, where cultural and environmental planning controls were absent, development not only could progress unfettered but also that changes to tourism philosophies are not necessarily reflected in changes to a resort. The island of Malolo Lailai (Viti Levu, Fiji) has a rich and multi-layered history and heritage (Fijian, European and Chinese plantations, resort development) that provides an opportunity to value-add to the tourist experience. In reality, however, the ongoing resort development extinguishes past histories in favour of a post-occupation, twentieth-century colonial settler narrative, where heritage sites are merely allowed to co-exist provided they do not impact on resort development objectives. It demonstrates that, in the absence of external regulatory controls, the resort owner’s philosophy dominates and shapes the tourist experience.

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9

Shestemirov, Alexei A., Olga V. Shinkareva, and Alina A. Kondratenko. "CURRENT PROBLEMS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE MULTIFACTORIAL IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 4-5 (2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2021-4-5-09.

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This article is devoted to the study of the state of international tourism in the current epidemiological situation. The study determines the importance of development of the tourism industry in the world, analyzes the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the international tourism industry, and examines the current trends in the sector. It was noted that the regions most vulnerable to changes in the tourism market are Asia and the Pacific (Macau (China), Fiji) and Europe (Spain, Croatia, Montenegro). It was emphasized that the measures taken by many States to support tourism during the pandemic period, such as the introduction of job protection programs, the development of training and retraining schemes aimed at developing new skills important in post-pandemic reality; payments to small and medium-sized enterprises in the tourism industry, their exemption from taxes and fees, etc. It was concluded that the main trends in the tourist market at present are digitalization, individualization of travel, the predominance of local tourism. Priority tasks formulated by the World Tourism Organization are revealed, which should contribute to the restoration of the industry.

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10

Hughes, Emma, and Regina Scheyvens. "Tourism partnerships: Harnessing tourist compassion to ‘do good’ through community development in Fiji." World Development 145 (September 2021): 105529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105529.

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11

Rao, Maheshwar. "Challenges and Issues for Tourism in the South Pacific Island States: The Case of the Fiji Islands." Tourism Economics 8, no. 4 (December 2002): 401–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101298205.

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The paper identifies and analyses challenges and issues facing the tourism industry in the most developed South Pacific island state, the Fiji Islands. Many of the challenges identified can be attributed to the interplay among historical factors and events, and the vested interests associated with them. The colonization of Fiji, the historical role of foreign capital in its growth and development, the conflicting socio-economic and political demands of the two major ethnic groups (the indigenous Fijians and immigrant Indo-Fijians), the issue of property rights, and more recently the coups of 1987 and 2000 and the resultant political instability are discussed in relation to the growth and development of the tourism industry. The author also discusses the impact of the coups on the tourism industry and the role of private–public partnerships in the industry's recovery following the coups.

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12

Pipike, Joycelyn Kia. "Comparative Study between Fiji and Papua New Guinea Tourism Development: Lessons to Learn from Fiji." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 65 (December 2012): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.110.

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13

Shalendra Prasad, Navneel, Asa Romeo Asa, and Xu Hongyi. "Attitude and Behavioral Intention towards Reducing Carbon Footprints in the Environment: an Empirical Study of Fiji." International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration 1, no. 5 (2015): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.15.1002.

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Global warming is a worldwide issue but it is mostly developing countries like Fiji and other island nations such as Kiribati that are being affected. While citizens of most economies do not have a say in legislations and policies of their countries towards reducing emissions, the only realistic way of having a say can be done through their behaviour towards reducing carbon footprints. This study seeks to study attitudes of educated Fijians towards environmental issues, particularly issues brought by tourism and Fijians intentional behaviour in reducing these impacts by minimising their carbon footprints. It concludes that tourism is not regarded as a high impact environmental issue owing to Fijians either lack of awareness or an intentional lack of awareness. Awareness campaigns in Fiji are generic in nature, as most mentioned behaviours were unspecific meaning most Fijians know what to do but do not know how.

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14

Pratt, Stephen, Dawn Gibson, and Apisalome Movono. "Tribal Tourism in Fiji: An Application and Extension of Smith's 4Hs of Indigenous Tourism." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 18, no. 8 (December 2013): 894–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2012.717957.

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15

Nalau, J., S. Becken, S. Noakes, and B. Mackey. "Mapping Tourism Stakeholders’ Weather and Climate Information-Seeking Behavior in Fiji." Weather, Climate, and Society 9, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-16-0078.1.

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Abstract Tourism is inherently dependent on weather and climate, and its sustainability and resilience to adverse weather and climate impacts is greatly enhanced by providing tailored climate services to tourism sector stakeholders. Climate services need to integrate standard weather forecasts, with early warning systems, seasonal forecasts, and long-term projections of climatic changes in order to meet the information needs of the sector. While a growing number of studies address the potential climate change impacts on tourism, little is known about how the tourism sector accesses, uses, and analyses the available weather and climate information. This research presents findings from an exploratory study on weather and climate information-seeking behavior of 15 private and public tourism sector stakeholders in the Republic of Fiji. The results show a variety of weather and climate information-seeking paths in use, which differ depending on levels of professional responsibility, weather and climate literacy, and information and digital competency. Those with high weather information literacy access a broader variety of sources. Hence, their interpretation does not focus only on their own location, but “weather” is seen as a broad spatial phenomenon that might or might not result in adverse effects in their location. Understanding diverse weather and climate information-seeking paths can aid in better targeting climate and adaptation services across different stakeholder groups. Especially in the context of small island developing states (SIDS), the integration of traditional, local, and scientific knowledge as information sources is likely to provide a more useful and context-specific basis for climate adaptation planning within the sector.

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16

Harrison, David. "Levuka, Fiji: Contested Heritage." Current Issues in Tourism 7, no. 4-5 (October 2004): 346–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500408667990.

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17

Ann-Ni, Soh, Puah Chin-Hong, and Arip M. Affendy. "Tourism Forecasting and Tackling Fluctuating Patterns: A Composite Leading Indicator Approach." Studies in Business and Economics 15, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2020-0034.

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AbstractA growing interest is surfacing toward the non-linearities in tourism demand forecasting. This paper aims to construct a tourism composite indicator to anticipate the cyclical movement for the tourism demand in Fiji. The time duration tackled in the current study is under the span of approximately two decades from 2000 to 2017. Apart from an indicator construction approach and turning point dating algorithm, we proposed a two regime Markov switching model to analyse the Fijian tourism cycle. The empirical results revealed the composite leading indicator accorded a signalling approach for Fijian tourism demand with an average lead time of 2.75 months. Furthermore, the prior-recognition of the tourism economic transition with adequate dating evaluation of the tourism cycle is obtained from the filtered probabilities through the Markov switching models.

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18

Narayan, Paresh Kumar. "Testing the Unit Root Hypothesis When the Alternative is a Trend Break Stationary Process: An Application to Tourist Arrivals in Fiji." Tourism Economics 11, no. 3 (September 2005): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000005774352971.

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The unit root hypothesis owes much to the work of Dickey and Fuller and has gained momentum since the seminal contribution of Perron (1989), who introduced the idea of structural breaks in unit root tests. In a recent study Sen (2003), extending the work of Zivot and Andrews (1992), recommends the F-test statistic for a unit root in the presence of a structural change in the economy. The central aim of this paper is to apply the Sen test to tourist arrivals to Fiji. The idea behind this exercise is to identify the year of the structural break and, more importantly, to examine whether the break has had a permanent or temporary effect on tourist arrivals in Fiji. Among our key results, we find that visitor arrivals in Fiji from Australia, New Zealand and the USA are stationary, implying that shocks have a temporary effect.

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19

McKeon, Mallory G., and Joshua A. Drew. "Community dynamics in Fijian coral reef fish communities vary with conservation and shark-based tourism." Pacific Conservation Biology 25, no. 4 (2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18045.

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) effectively improve the biomass and diversity in heavily exploited marine systems, but often fail to reach their full potential because they require more space, time, and consistency of regulation. Recently, shark-based tourism, which utilises some of the remaining shark strongholds as tourism hotspots, has brought about increased awareness to exploited reef systems. In Fiji, specifically, shark diving companies include local community members in their operations to promote better understanding of their reefs. We seek to investigate whether seemingly denser shark populations during feeding times influence community composition and structure. Visual census data were collected from 50-m belt transects at four different reefs in Fiji: two MPAs with shark-based ecotourism with food provisioning, one MPA without shark-based ecotourism, and one unprotected area without shark-based tourism. Paradoxically, indices of evenness and diversity were highest in the non-protected site. However, there was significantly higher fish abundance and species diversity within reserves than outside of reserves. Within reserves, sites with shark feeding had lower fish abundance and higher richness, diversity, and evenness. Mean trophic level was highest at sites with shark feeding. Use of chum increased average fish abundance and diversity within shark-dive sites. These results indicate that there are evident differences between MPAs that do and do not offer trophic supplementation for shark-based ecotourism. Thus, tourism may be facilitating a shift of ecosystem composition in such areas. Furthermore, the results suggest that feeding methods may augment the impacts of shark-based tourism on the reef at large.

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20

Scheyvens, Regina, and Matt Russell. "Tourism and poverty alleviation in Fiji: comparing the impacts of small- and large-scale tourism enterprises." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 20, no. 3 (April 2012): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.629049.

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21

Jiang, Min, Emma Wong, Louise Munk Klint, Terry DeLacy, and Dale Dominey Howes. "Tourism adaptation to climate change - analysing the policy environment of Fiji." International Journal of Tourism Policy 4, no. 3 (2012): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtp.2012.049722.

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22

White, C. M. "More authentic than thou: Authenticity and othering in Fiji tourism discourse." Tourist Studies 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797607079803.

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23

Sroypetch, Supattra, Neil Carr, and Tara Duncan. "Host and backpacker perceptions of environmental impacts of backpacker tourism: A case study of the Yasawa Islands, Fiji." Tourism and Hospitality Research 18, no. 2 (March 15, 2016): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358416636932.

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This paper examines host and backpacker perceptions of the environmental impacts of backpacker tourism on local communities in less-developed countries. The discussion is based on data collected in 2011 via surveys and interviews with host and backpacker populations in the Yasawa Islands of Fiji. The results suggest that there is a significant difference between the perceptions of hosts and their guests towards the environmental impacts of backpacker tourism. Backpackers believe that they generate a higher extent of negative environmental impacts on the destination than those perceived by their hosts. This study broadens the understanding of the impacts of backpacker tourism from dual perspectives – both the hosts and guests.

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24

Sarafanova, A. G., and A. A. Sarafanov. "TOURISM INDUSTRY AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPACT AND CONSEQUENCES." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 7, no. 201 (July 2021): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-7-201-49-60.

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The study aims to explore the relationship between the pandemic and the tourism industry. The emergence of infectious diseases is one of the consequences of tourism and mobility of citizens. The article examines the scientific research of foreign authors on the impact of epidemiological diseases on the tourism industry. The pricing strategies of travel companies caused by the policy of curbing the spread of coronavirus infection are analyzed. The authors cite some forms of adaptation of the tourism industry to the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic (in such countries as Costa Rica, Jamaica, the Republic of Fiji, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Israel, Japan, the UAE, China). A statistical analysis of the tourism development in the Russian Federation (the number of incoming and outgoing tourists, the number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities) was carried out. The COVID-19 pandemic has reoriented the outbound tourist flow to domestic destinations. The advantages of developing domestic trips in comparison with international ones regarding their role in the economic development of regions are presented. The pandemic has led to an inevitable surge in the use of digital technologies due to the norms of social distancing and nationwide restrictions. One of the most popular forms of technological applications in the tourism industry is virtual reality. The use of virtual reality can contribute to the creation of a new, more sustainable model of tourism. The article presents four scenarios for the recovery of world tourism, developed by the McKinsey Global Institute and the Oxford Institute of Economic Policy (Oxford Economics). The authors identified priority areas of transformation of the tourism industry in the post-pandemic period, including at the technological level.

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25

Verster, Joris C., Lizanne Arnoldy, Aurora J. A. E. van de Loo, Aletta D. Kraneveld, Johan Garssen, and Andrew Scholey. "The Impact of Having a Holiday or Work in Fiji on Perceived Immune Fitness." Tourism and Hospitality 2, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp2010006.

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The Western 24 h society poses great psychological and physical demands on people, which may result in complaints such as stress or being overworked, and reduced immune fitness. Having a holiday may be a good way to reduce work-related stress and reduced mood and improve perceived immune fitness. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the impact of having a holiday or work on perceived immune fitness and mood. A survey was held among N = 246 young adults who were on holiday in Fiji, and N = 87 subjects who were in Fiji for work. The sample comprised both students and individuals with a job at home. Past year immune status was assessed with the Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ). Current perceived immune functioning and mood were rated from 0 (very poor) to 10 (excellent). Assessments were made for two occasions: (1) the current situation (in Fiji), and (2) at home (before traveling). Compared to being at home, both students and working individuals on holiday in Fiji reported significantly improved immune fitness and significantly improved mood. For example, both groups reported reduction of stress of about 60% while in Fiji. In students who came to Fiji for work or spending a holiday, improvements in perceived immune fitness were more pronounced than in working people coming on holiday in Fiji. In contrast, working people on holiday reported greater improvements in mood compared to students. The magnitude of improvements were significantly greater among women than men. In conclusion, the data suggest that both having a holiday or working in Fiji is associated with significant improvements of mood, which were themselves associated with improved immune fitness. The findings are of importance for the tourism industry as they demonstrate that, in addition to leisure (or being active) as a purpose for having a holiday, the observed mental health benefits and improved perceived immune fitness provide an additional motive to have a holiday.

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26

Bell, Colin, Catherine Latu, Jeremaia Coriakula, Gade Waqa, Wendy Snowdon, and Marj Moodie. "Fruit and vegetable import duty reduction in Fiji to prevent obesity and non-communicable diseases: a case study." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 1 (September 24, 2019): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002660.

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AbstractObjective:To describe the development of Fiji’s fruit and vegetable fiscal policies between 2010 and 2014 and explore the impact they have had on import volumes.Design:Qualitative case study and in-depth analysis of policy process. Policy impact was assessed using publicly available import volume data and prices of food products.Setting:Fiji.Participants:Senior government policy makers, non-communicable disease officers from the Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MoHMS) and supermarket managers.Results:In 2011, the Fijian Government introduced an import excise of 10 % on vegetables and reduced the import fiscal duty on fruit that was also grown in Fiji by 10 %. The import tax on vegetables was removed in 2012 in response to a MoHMS request. Policy makers from several sectors supported the MoHMS request, recognized their leadership and acknowledged the importance of collaboration in achieving the removal of the excise. Tariff reductions appear to have contributed to increases in the volume of vegetables (varieties not grown in Fiji) and fruit (varieties grown in Fiji) imported, but it is not clear if this increased population consumption.Conclusions:Reductions in import duties appear to have contributed to increases in volumes of vegetables and fruit imported into Fiji. This case study has demonstrated that governments can use fiscal policy to meet the needs of a range of sectors including health, agriculture and tourism.

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27

Möller, Cecilia, Jie Wang, and Hanh Thuy Nguyen. "#Strongerthanwinston: Tourism and crisis communication through Facebook following tropical cyclones in Fiji." Tourism Management 69 (December 2018): 272–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.05.014.

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28

Xie, Philip Feifan, Vishal Chandra, and Kai Gu. "Morphological changes of coastal tourism: A case study of Denarau Island, Fiji." Tourism Management Perspectives 5 (January 2013): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2012.09.002.

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29

Tyllianakis, Emmanouil, Gaetano Grilli, Dawn Gibson, Silvia Ferrini, Heather Conejo-Watt, and Tiziana Luisetti. "Policy options to achieve culturally-aware and environmentally-sustainable tourism in Fiji." Marine Pollution Bulletin 148 (November 2019): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.031.

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30

Igbal, Mohammed Rasheed, Ubaadah Bin Iqbaal, Ronald Rajesh Kumar, and Royford Bundi Magiri. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Agricultural System and Food Supply in Fiji." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 6 (May 15, 2022): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n6p227.

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Pacific Island Countries (Kiribati, Fiji, Samoa, and many others) rely on fisheries and agricultural systems for their livelihood and economic development. However, the COVID-19 scenario has led to vast degradation in the agriculture supply, economy, and food security system, resulting in poverty, an increase of unemployment percentage, and a decrease in the tourism industry. The policies related to COVID-19 restrictions, such as lockdowns, access to markets and social distancing, has caused a high reduction in the income of many households. Food purchasing from vendor markets and supermarkets has decreased rapidly due to its prices. Several individuals cannot afford to buy the food items, leading to lower food supply within and outside the country. In addition, several people have been moving to rural areas due to Unemployment. They have started to perform backyard gardening small-scale farming, which again results in lower production of commercial farmers and loss of food supply to consumers. Not only Fiji, but the whole world is experiencing the same situations, which have led to the Government making innovative actions against this deadly virus to protect the citizens from this pandemic. FNPF withdrawals, farming packages, and other initiatives indulged by the Government of Fiji and other Pacific Countries are being discussed in this review. Countries have examined the effects of the Coronavirus on the agricultural system and food supply chain in Fiji and other Pacific nations.

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31

Kanemasu, Yoko. "SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF TOURISTIC IMAGERY: CASE OF FIJI." Annals of Tourism Research 43 (October 2013): 456–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.06.004.

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32

Connell, John. "COVID-19 and tourism in Pacific SIDS: lessons from Fiji, Vanuatu and Samoa?" Round Table 110, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2021.1875721.

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33

In, Tae Jeong. "The ethnic hierarchy of tourism industry in Fiji -Focusing on the Hotel Industry-." Journal of international area studies 9, no. 3 (October 31, 2005): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2005.10.9.3.251.

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34

Kumar, Ronald R., and Radika Kumar. "Exploring the Nexus between Information and Communications Technology, Tourism and Growth in Fiji." Tourism Economics 18, no. 2 (April 2012): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/te.2012.0117.

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35

Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Helen Sykes, Marita Manley, Kiji Vukikomoala, and Madeline Beattie. "Contributions of tourism-based Marine Conservation Agreements to natural resource management in Fiji." Ecological Economics 171 (May 2020): 106607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106607.

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36

Raj, Shivneil Kumar, and Priteshni Pratibha Chand. "Analysis of Fiji’s Export and Its Impact on Economic Growth." International Journal of Business and Social Research 7, no. 4 (May 3, 2017): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v7i4.1031.

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<p>Exports are vital for Fiji’s economy as it contributes significantly to its gross domestic product (GDP) and economic growth. The export data over the years show very slow growth and is gradually increasing. Fiji’s GDP data show that GDP is gradually increasing. Thus, Fiji’s economic growth is also increasing at a steady rate. This study aims to measure the relationship between exports and economic growth in Fiji. A regression analysis on data collected for Fiji from 2000-2015 shows that there is a strong positive relationship between exports and economic growth. Thus, when exports increase, economic growth also increases. Potential sectors that can be further developed to boost Fiji’s exports are sugar, garment, tourism and agriculture. The government should restrict imports through import quotas, tariffs and embargoes and give subsidies and tax incentives to potential export sectors to boost domestic production and increase exports. The government’s motive is to increase export incentives and promote Fiji made products both locally and overseas. Thus, this leads to an increase in exports, improves the trade balance and economic growth. This research article was undertaken to carry out research to investigate the link between Fiji’s export and economic growth and highlight ways and potential sectors to increase Fiji’s export and reduce imports.</p>

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Farran, Sue. "Balancing livelihoods with environmental protection: A case study from Fiji." Environmental Law Review 22, no. 4 (December 2020): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452920966583.

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Pacific Island states – sometimes classified as small island developing states, are among those most vulnerable to climate change and environmental degradation brought about by development initiatives such as logging, mining, commercial agriculture and tourism. While these may have economic benefits, many Fijians live in rural areas with limited or no opportunity for paid employment and rely on subsistence farming and natural resources for their livelihoods. The importance of the latter – particularly for many women – and increasing pressure on these resources, raise sustainability concerns. If natural resource environments are to be protected, restrictions – some of which are already in place – need to be not only enforced but possibly extended. This could, however, impact negatively on these dependent livelihoods. This article considers this dilemma in the context of two Fijian villages in the district of Ba, where women depend on the mangrove areas, primarily for catching crabs for sale in the local markets, using the money earned to meet basic needs.

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Brunnschweiler, Juerg M. "The Shark Reef Marine Reserve: a marine tourism project in Fiji involving local communities." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669580903071987.

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Halter, Nicholas. "Tourists fraternising in Fiji in the 1930s." Journal of Tourism History 12, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2019.1682688.

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Hancheol, Hwang. "A Study on the Improvement Directions and Case Analysis of Rural Tourism Development in Fiji." Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning 22, no. 4 (November 30, 2016): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2016.22.4.013.

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Graci, Sonya, and Logan Van Vliet. "Examining Stakeholder Perceptions Towards Sustainable Tourism in an Island Destination. The Case of Savusavu, Fiji." Tourism Planning & Development 17, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2019.1657933.

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King, Brian, and Sean Weaver. "The Impact of the Environment on the Fiji Tourism Industry: A Study of Industry Attitudes." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 1, no. 2 (January 1993): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669589309450708.

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Naidu, Suwastika, Anand Chand, and Atishwar Pandaram. "Exploring the nexus between urbanisation, inflation and tourism output: empirical evidences from the Fiji Islands." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 22, no. 10 (August 7, 2017): 1021–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2017.1360923.

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Fletcher, John, and Yeganeh Morakabati. "Tourism activity, terrorism and political instability within the commonwealth: the cases of Fiji and Kenya." International Journal of Tourism Research 10, no. 6 (November 2008): 537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.699.

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Banivanua-Mar, Tracey. "Cannibalism and Colonialism: Charting Colonies and Frontiers in Nineteenth-Century Fiji." Comparative Studies in Society and History 52, no. 2 (April 2010): 255–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000046.

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In my family, stories of our Fijian ancestors' cannibalism have been irreverently recycled in tale-telling moments laced with both solemnity and the absurd. I never seriously questioned the reality of the stories, accepting instead their mythical quality and their underlying social allegory. With almost a wink and a nudge these tales of past cannibalism come to life as fables that nearly always taper off into the redemption of being civilized. As I explore in this article, for us as for many who engage cannibal stories, cannibalism refers to more than the cultural practice of anthropophagy. In the wake of William Arens' provocative critique of this meta-myth, it has become more difficult in recent years to uncritically accept and repeat claims of other peoples' cannibalism. Studies by a generation of scholars of history and culture have ensured that the study of cannibalism now is as likely to interrogate those that view and seek it, as it is to examine those reputed to practice it. Anthropologies of tourism and cultural critiques too have cemented its conceptualization as an enduring discourse of savagery.

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Makun, Keshmeer, and Swastika Devi. "The effect of information and communication technology on economic output." International Journal of Development Issues 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-09-2018-0137.

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Purpose Information and communication technology (ICT) appears to play an indispensable task in influencing and directing the growth process of several developing countries. The spread of ICT in the South Pacific region including Fiji has facilitated faster and smother business in different sectors of the economy such as banking, education, transport and tourism. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to empirical literature and explore the effect of ICT on economic output, both in the short run and long run in the Fiji Islands. Design/methodology/approach The economic analysis was conducted using data from 1990 to 2016, improved framework of Solow (1956) and the autoregressive distributed-lag bounds approach to cointegration. Findings from the study and economic standpoint, the ICT is indeed important. The analysis shows an indication of long-run cointegration relationship among the variables for the two indicators of ICT. From the analysis, it is also observed that the two ICT indicators have a statistically significant and positive effect on output with coefficient ranging from 0.04 to 0.06. Research limitations/implications These results extend the ICT literature by providing support for it in case of a small developing island economy. The study highlights that while the two proxies of ICT are important for long term output growth, besides broad money and capital stock, the principal technology contributor is a mobile cellular subscription in Fiji Islands. Practical implications The policymakers need to work diligently to not only enhance ICT related infrastructure but also focus on better services and communication in different sectors of the economy. The efficient use of present technologies such as 3-G and 4-G is crucial and must be connected and made available to other smaller islands of Fiji. Originality/value The recent study has focused on the contribution of ICT on small island developing country, relative to large developing or developed countries. Furthermore, the author examined the contribution of two indicators of ICT using Solow (1956) augmented framework.

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Slack, Neale, Gurmeet Singh, and Shavneet Sharma. "Impact of perceived value on the satisfaction of supermarket customers: developing country perspective." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 48, no. 11 (July 2, 2020): 1235–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-03-2019-0099.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the impact of customer perceived value and its dimensions on customer satisfaction in a developing country, and practical suggestions for marketing strategies.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey collected data from five-hundred supermarket customers in Fiji. SPSS was used to provide descriptive and inferential analysis.FindingsResults reveal that customer perceived value (CPV) has a positive impact on customer satisfaction; and functional value (price/value for money) has more positive impact than social value, emotional value has a negative impact and functional value (performance/quality) has no significant impact on customer satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering this research was undertaken in the supermarket sector of only one country, other researchers are urged to replicate this research in Fiji and other developing countries, to yield further insight into the context-specific nature of CPV.Practical implicationsIt is suggested that marketers note these findings (to understand better the conceptualisation and context-dependent nature of CPV, its dimensional interrelationships and its impact on customer satisfaction) in order to enhance CPV and ultimately customer satisfaction.Originality/valueThis study makes several contributions to research on CPV by providing insight into how developing country customers perceive the value of supermarkets from a construct and multidimensional perspective, the inter-relatedness of CPV dimensions and the impact of CPV and its dimensions on customer satisfaction.

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Jayaraman, T. K., Hong Chen, and Markand Bhatt. "Research Note: Contribution of Foreign Direct Investment to the Tourism Sector in Fiji: An Empirical Study." Tourism Economics 20, no. 6 (December 2014): 1357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0358.

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Bossen, Claus. "Festival Mania, Tourism and Nation-Building in Fiji: The Case of the Hibiscus Festival, 1956-1970." Contemporary Pacific 12, no. 1 (2000): 123–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2000.0006.

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Kumar, Nikeel, Ronald Ravinesh Kumar, Arvind Patel, and Peter Josef Stauvermann. "Exploring the Effects of Tourism and Economic Growth in Fiji: Accounting for Capital, Labor, and Structural Breaks." Tourism Analysis 23, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354218x15305418667002.

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