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1
Bendixen, Mike, Denis Cranson, and Russell Abratt. "Consumer perceptions of a perilous product: International tourism to South Africa." South African Journal of Business Management 27, no. 4 (December 31, 1996): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v27i4.811.
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Tourism can make a significant contribution to the development of South Africa by providing employment, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and by increasing economic activity. The aim of this study was to establish current perceptions, attitudes and orientations of foreign tourists towards post-apartheid South Africa as a tourist destination. A sample of 250 tourists were interviewed at London's Heathrow Airport. The results show that the South African tourism industry is faced with a multidimensional problem. It is a good example of a perilous or high risk product. However, with sound market segmentation and targeting, and proper planning, South Africa can have a vibrant and sustainable tourism industry. A unique way of segmenting tourist markets is presented. Specific recommendations are discussed in detail, which could aid all those involved in marketing a high risk product.
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Bendixen, Mike, Denis Cranson, and Russell Abratt. "An international industry perspective of tourism to post-apartheid South Africa: Implications for marketing management." South African Journal of Business Management 27, no. 3 (September 30, 1996): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v27i3.807.
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South Africa is now a democratic state and is being accepted in the community of nations. It has been shown that tourism can make a significant contribution to the development of this country by providing employment, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and by increased economic activity. The aim of this study was to establish the current perceptions of foreign tourist-industry representatives regarding South Africa as a tourist destination. The perceptions of 81 international travel-industry representatives were examined. The results show that South African tourism reflects a multidimentional problem. These factors need to be addressed in order for South Africa to have a vibrant and sustainable tourism industry.
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Henama, Unathi Sonwabile, and Portia Pearl Siyanda Sifolo. "Tourism Migration in South Africa." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2017010103.
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This article explores the tourism migration within the South African context, thereby focusing on the current dynamics, challenges and future prospects. Tourism and migration are significant towards globalisation. Almost all countries have jumped on the tourism bandwagon as a result of the positive economic benefits that include improving the balance of payments, attracting foreign exchange, and increasing state coffers through the taxation of non-residents. South Africa has also adopted tourism into the developmental policies. Although Africa's share of the global tourism market remains less than 10%, the continental bodies such as the African Union under the wing NEPAD recognises that tourism and migration as an important factor to societies. This paper adopts the content analysis to address the tourism migration, dynamics, challenges and future prospects as a critical phenomenon. Tourism has deep characteristics of a plantation economy that does not benefit the majority of the societies, particularly in South Africa. Despite being a geographical dispersed country, the tourism industry in South Africa faces numerous challenges such as the integration of Black South Africans as product owners; reported high rates of crimes, lack of integration of locals in the tourism industry, the lack of aviation competition, paucity of ports of entry, and most recently the cyber-crime and the visa regulations etc. However, South African tourism remains resilient as a major destination due to its fauna and flora and increasing market niches are developing such as adventure tourism, health tourism and volunteer tourism. South Africa plans to be one of the top 20 destinations by 2020; steps are in place to ensure that South Africa achieves this objective.
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Van Der Merwe, M., and A. Wöcke. "An investigation into responsible tourism practices in the South African hotel industry." South African Journal of Business Management 38, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v38i2.579.
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This paper sheds light on the reasons for the limited uptake of responsible tourism initiative memberships by hotels in South Africa, despite South Africa being regarded as a leader in the field of responsible tourism policy, with the drafting of responsible tourism guidelines by the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT). The International Centre for Responsible Tourism’s conference (hosted in South Africa) preceding the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 resulted in the Cape Town Declaration, which was based on the guidelines developed by DEAT. There are currently two responsible tourism membership initiatives in South Africa. Non-experimental survey research was conducted among hotels about their understanding and implementation of responsible tourism practices. Sixty hotels responded to the survey, and it would appear that these hotels implement Corporate Social Responsibility/responsible tourism, though to varying extents. Many responding hotels do not participate in responsible tourism initiatives because of - amongst others - confusion about what the concept means, and a lack of awareness of such initiatives. This paper raises questions about the effectiveness of membership initiatives in promoting the implementation of responsible tourism practices and questions the importance of a common understanding and awareness of what responsible tourism entails in ensuring that policy is implemented.
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Pandy, Wayde R., and Christian M. Rogerson. "The timeshare industry of Africa: a study in tourism geography." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 21, no. 21 (September 1, 2013): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2013-0024.
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Abstract Within the broad spectrum of tourism accommodation the timeshare industry is a distinctive segment which has attracted only limited research work. This paper represents a contribution to tourism geography as it investigates the location of timeshare resorts in Africa and comparative position of African destinations in the global timeshare economy. The analysis shows the timeshare resort industry in South Africa is the most significant on the continent and is distinctive in its reliance upon domestic rather than international tourists. In terms of the distribution of resorts the key locational consideration in Africa parallels that found in other parts of the world, namely the positioning of resorts in areas of high natural amenity. In the African context this has meant clustering resorts in coastal beach areas and attractive mountain locations, as well as in the areas which afford opportunities for timeshare consumers to experience the African bush. Finally, of note in South Africa is the growth of large timeshare property developments at casino resorts, a development which parallels the experience of certain timeshare developments in the USA.
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Mehmood, Bilal, Saddam Ilyas, and Muhammad Aleem. "Does Terrorism Scare Tourism Away from South Asia and Africa?" African and Asian Studies 19, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 377–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341471.
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Abstract During times when terrorism is eroding almost all industries of victim economies, tourism industry is thought to be much prone to it. This paper investigates the long run relationship between terrorism and tourism for South Asian and African countries separately, allowing us to compare the results of the two regions. Long run relationship is analyzed via dynamic panel techniques (PMG, MG and DFE) on data for 22 African and 6 South Asian countries from 1991 to 2013. These panel cointegration techniques quantify the long-run relationship between terrorism and tourism. Terrorism has been found detrimental for tourism industry both in Africa and South Asia. Empirical findings affirm that terrorism has a long-run negative impact on tourism in both regions. Recommendations, on the basis of findings are proposed at the end.
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Worku, Zeleke. "Risk factors for failure in newly established small, micro and medium-sized enterprises in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province, South Africa." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 4 (2015): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i4art1.
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The annual report issued for the financial year 2013/2014 by the South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2015) shows that the business confidence index of South Africa was equal to 89.3% in January 2015. According to the South African National Department of Tourism (2015), the tourism sector contributed 93 Billion Rand (3%) to the South African GDP in the year 2012. The contribution of the tourism sector was equal to 189.4 Billion Rand in the year 2009. This figure is projected to grow to 499 Billion Rand by the year 2020. According to the South African Small Enterprise Development Agency (2015), newly established and emerging business enterprises conducting business in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province are less viable and efficient in comparison with well-established tourism enterprises. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify risk factors for underperformance and bankruptcy in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province in South Africa. The study was based on data collected from a stratified random sample of size 311 tourism enterprises that operate in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Data was collected on a large number of socio-economic factors that adversely affect entrepreneurial activities in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analyses was used in the study. Examples of variables on which data was gathered was level of entrepreneurial skills, level of formal education, location of business, duration of experience, amount of capital, number of employees, ability to network with other tourist operators, degree of competition from rival operators, geographical location, category of business, category of entrepreneurial skills, average number of visitors per month, net profit, size of business, market share, access to finance, and degree of support from Government agencies. Results obtained from the study showed that the long-term survival and viability of African entrepreneurs in the tourism industry of Gauteng Province was significantly and adversely affected by the degree of competition from rival operators, poor networking ability, lack of entrepreneurial skills, low capital, and geographical location. The study found that African entrepreneurs in the tourism industry of Gauteng Province lagged behind their white counterparts significantly in terms of networking ability, capital and entrepreneurial skills. In addition, 82% of the 311 African entrepreneurs who participated in the study lacked suitable skills due to their poor and irrelevant academic and vocational background, and that 59% of entrepreneurs had received little or no assistance in terms of mentoring or training opportunities from South African Government agencies.
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Dube, Kaitano. "Implications of COVID-19 Induced Lockdown on the South African Tourism Industry and Prospects for Recovery." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 270–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-99.
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South Africa has one of the largest and most developed tourism markets in Southern Africa. Consequently, the sector's performance, therefore, has implications on the regional tourism market. In the advent of COVID-19, South Africa emerged as one of the global and regional epicentres of coronavirus infections. In March 2020, South Africa was one of the countries that adopted hard lockdown measures to control the pandemic. The consequent sealing off of the country’s ports brought the tourism industry to a sudden halt. This study is aimed at examining the impact and potential reopening strategies that the tourism industry can adopt in South Africa. The study is based on critical document analysis of survey reports from South Africa’s National Department of Tourism, Stats SA, Google Mobility and other authoritative, relevant sources. The study concludes that the pandemic had a devastating impact on various sectors of the tourism economy. The most devastating industries include the aviation, maritime, special events, accommodation and attraction sectors. The sudden halting of the tourism industry threatened conservation efforts and the business viability of many tourism establishments. Consequently, public and private airlines were liquidated or placed under business administration with far-reaching implications for various destinations and travel sectors. The study recommends a well-engineered financial aid package for the region's tourism industry, reduced tourism levies and taxes backed by the adoption of stringent health protocols to help the industry recover and make travel appealing and attractive again. A robust vaccination program must support such efforts.
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Henama, Unathi Sonwabile. "From Township Tourism, Semigration, and Second-Home Tourism." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 12, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2021040101.
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Tourism is disproportionally important for African economies, considering that Africa receives less than 10% of the global tourism receipts. The majority of international travel occurs between the developed world, which means that the positive economic impacts of tourism are shared amongst the developed countries. Tourism has become the number one foreign exchange earner for many countries in Africa, diversifying the economy from either agriculture or mining. Tourism is developed with the intention that it will improve the quality-of-life and standard of living of the local community. The tourism industry has shown sustained growth, and it is regarded as a panacea for the plethora of challenges facing many countries. The structural challenges that face the economy in South Africa require an economic sector that can create immediate employment and catalyse the economy.
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Lebambo, Marcia Mmashakoane, Richard Shambare, Muzikayise Matlala, and Rui Costa Mousinho. "Governance and regulation of the tourism industry: An internet marketing perspective." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 2 (2016): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rcgv6i2art1.
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The purpose of this qualitative study is to establish governance and regulation issues pertaining to Internet marketing approaches within the South African tourism sector. The study focuses on the norms and practices of Internet marketing among small-scale lodging establishments in Bushbuckridge – a small tourist town in northeast South Africa. In-depth interviews were collected from eight participating bed and breakfast (B&B) owners. Findings revealed that, while Internet awareness was quite high, only a few B&Bs utilised the Internet for marketing. Participants cited lack of clear industry guidelines on Internet marketing approaches as well as limited Internet experience, among others, as barriers to adoption. Implications and recommendations of the study are presented within the ambit of the existing literature.
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McKay, Tracey. "The South African Adventure Tourism Economy: An urban phenomenon." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 37, no. 37 (September 26, 2017): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2017-0025.
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AbstractThe international adventure tourism literature is remarkably silent on the geographical nature of the industry. This study seeks to provide a geographical analysis of the sector within the context of South Africa. The spatial analysis was undertaken by metropolitan area, secondary towns and small towns, using a dataset of adventure tourism enterprises. It was found that the sector is spatially concentrated and highly urbanised, despite the perception that adventure tourism requires ‘wild’ and outdoor spaces. With many adventure tourism enterprises located in South Africa’s metropolitan areas, it is a hither too unknown sub-sector of the South African urban tourism market. Urban settlements with large populations and a strong general tourism sector form a significant support base for adventure tourism operators. Cape Town is the dominant adventure tourism destination, making it the adventure capital of South Africa. A few small settlements were found to be highly dependent upon the sector for survival.
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Simon Chili, Nsizwazikhona, and Simiso Lindokuhle Mabaso. "The challenges of developing small tourism enterprises in townships: case of Umlazi, South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 1 (April 11, 2016): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(1-1).2016.08.
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Township tourism in South Africa has grown in popularity since 1994 and is considered by some researchers to be an appropriate mechanism for stimulating local economic development. Opportunities for the development of black-owned enterprises in South Africa began for the first time when the country integrated into the global tourism economy after many years of international sanctions. The growth of township tourism thus can provide the context for potential economic opportunities for local entrepreneurs to enter the business, an activity that traditionally has been the domain of established white South African entrepreneurs. The main objective of the study is to present findings on the challenges that face a certain group of small tourism enterprises in townships with more attention being specifically paid to Umlazi as the second biggest township in the Southern hemisphere. The main reason for the choice of the study is due to the fact that there is only a limited literature that explores the conditions of small-scale and informal tourism entrepreneurs operating in South Africa’s black townships. The focus falls upon the challenges of developing small tourism entrepreneurs for black owners in the township, especially because South African tourism industry is highly concentrated and dominated by small elite group of large, mostly locally owned, tourism organizations which drive the tourism economy that unfortunately excludes and sidelines that of the townships
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McKay, Tracey M. "Locating South Africa within the global adventure tourism industry: the case of bungee jumping." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 24, no. 24 (June 1, 2014): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0020.
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Abstract Bungee jumping is a global phenomenon and is an important sector of the adventure tourism market, acknowledged as an iconic form of hard adventure. Commercial operators are located in North and South America, Asia, Europe and Australasia. In Africa, commercial bungee jumping takes place in Uganda, Zambia and South Africa. This paper fills a gap in the international literature by firstly providing an overview of the global bungee industry, and secondly locating the South African bungee jumping sector within it. Thus, the supply side of the market is analysed geographically, with a focus on iconic, African and South African jump sites. The study found that bungee jumping takes on a similar form across the globe, notably, a high staff to client ratio; the need for strict safety measures; the provision of additional adventure activities on or near the site and the sale of souvenirs. The paper presents the hither to unknown commercial signature of bungee jumping. Finally, the case for South Africa’s commercial bungee jumping industry as a globally being globally competitive one is presented.
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Maharaj, S. "A comparative analysis of the South African and Global Tourism Competitiveness models with the aim of enhancing a sustainable model for South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i4.490.
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The quality of life of society as a whole is to a considerable extent determined by the role of government. South African society is characterised by the presence of a wide gap between the rich and the poor. This is exacerbated by the presence of poverty, HIV/AIDS, crime, corruption and exploitation. Governments attempt to address these contradictions are encapsulated in various policies that detail in accurate form, the needs of the majority of South Africans. Whilst policies depict the needs of the majority of South Africans, these needs remain undelivered. The void between the formulation of policy and service delivery has been most severely felt by the poor. Policy implementation is the responsibility of central, provincial and local government. The policy on tourism has been identified as one of the major players in resolving the impasse that is experienced by government. According to South Africa’s National Tourism Sector strategy (2011 & 2016) the country’s tourism’s economic contribution is set to increase from R318, 16 billion by 2015 to R499 billion by 2020. The challenge however, remains in harnessing Tourism policy in a way that addresses the past and current contradictions. Legislative provisions, policies and plans have set the tone in terms of the direction that tourism should be heading. Public sector institutions at national, provincial and local levels have equipped themselves to develop and enhance the tourism industry in such a way that it resonates with the South African tourism imperatives. This places within context the role of public organisations and its capacity to deliver in terms of government’s national imperative. The tourism industry is complex with a range of different stakeholders. There is an inextricable link between the tourism and hospitality industries. This paper attempts to improve on the South African tourism competitiveness with the expressed intention of enhancing growth and sustainability.
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Bogale, Mekonnen, Muluken Ayalew, and Wubishet Mengesha. "The Competitiveness of Travel and Tourism Industry of Sub-Saharan African Countries in the World Market." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajthl.19770720-91.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate competitiveness of Travel and Tourism industry of Sub-Saharan African countries in the world market. The study used Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) and Relative Trade Advantage (RTA) indexes as a measure of competitiveness based on secondary data from ITC trade database covering between 2000 and 2019. The findings of the study revealed that SSA countries like Mauritius, South Africa, Seychelles and Namibia have competitive T&T industry consistently in the years between 2000 and 2019. However, SSA countries such as Botswana, Tanzania, Senegal, Kenya and Rwanda have competitiveness vary by years. Moreover, South Africa has highest comparative advantage followed by Tanzania and Mauritius. The study provided valuable information to industry leaders, policy makers, business owners and international organizations such as UN and UNESCO to design appropriate strategies and systems aiming to sustain and improve travel and tourism industry competitiveness in SSA countries. It is the first study in applying NRCA and RTA indexes to investigate the competitiveness of T&T Industry in SSA countries. Keywords: Competitiveness; export; import; performance; tourism; travel
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Bloom, Jonathan Z., and Marius Leibold. "Challenges for the South African tourism industry to the year 2010 based upon a Delphi market research project." South African Journal of Business Management 25, no. 4 (December 31, 1994): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v25i4.852.
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The South African tourism industry is expected to develop substantially over the next fifteen years, due to anticipated high tourism market growth rates. However, tourism demand is subject to a host of uncontrollable factors, which are difficult to measure and project. Despite this fact, the tourism industry of a country, including both private sector and public sector operators, needs scientifically accepted projection bases to make investment and other strategic decisions. In this article we aim to convey the results and recommendations of an empirical study based on the Delphi research model, and to indicate the implications thereof for future national tourism strategies of South Africa. The approach, methodology and techniques used in the research are relevant to researchers internationally, and the recommendations are useful for national tourism policy and strategy formulation in any geographical context.
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Sucheran, Reshma. "Global Impacts and Trends of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Cruise Sector: A Focus On South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-84.
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Cruise tourism is one of the major growth areas of international tourism, and the impact of cruise tourists on a national economy is similar to that of other foreign visitors. The cruise industry has, however, continuously faced exposure to various types of health risks, which can develop into health-related crises, to which both passengers and crew members are vulnerable The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic has reached a critical situation on a global scale and is severely impacting on the global cruise tourism industry. This papers seeks to examine the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cruise tourism industry globally and in South Africa specifically. Desktop research was undertaken to gather data and insights on the unfolding global pandemic and its effect on the cruise sector. Secondary data from various national and international organisations was analysed, as well as current news reports and academic literature. The data indicates that the cruise sector is one of the hardest hit sectors of the tourism industry, and the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on this sector is devastating. The data further implies that the future of the cruise industry looks bleak, especially due to the reputational damage the sector is currently faced with.
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Heath, E. "Globalisation of the tourism industry: Future trends and challenges for South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2001): 542–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v4i3.2662.
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The pressure of globalisation is having a major impact on tourism destinations throughout the world. The implications for destination marketers are profound and the response will require a new strategic focus and approach. This paper focuses on the changing global tourism environment, with particular emphasis on the key trends and developments that are likely to occur in the early part of the twenty first century. The paper concludes with an outline of the key factors that need to be addressed to ensure competitive success for developing tourism destinations such as South Africa.
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Pandy, Wayde R., and Christian M. Rogerson. "The making of the South African timeshare industry: spatial structure and development challenges." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 26, no. 26 (December 1, 2014): 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0053.
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Abstract Research on the accommodation sector attracts only a small fraction of contemporary tourism scholarship relating to sub-Saharan Africa. This paper contributes to this expanding literature on segmentation and the accommodation sector in South Africa. Specifically, it examines the establishment and making of the timeshare industry as a distinctive form of accommodation within the national tourism economy. The timeshare industry in South Africa is the largest and most mature in sub-Saharan Africa and among the most important in the developing world. The analysis uses a longitudinal perspective in order to interpret the emerging spatial organisation and evolving structural issues that impacted upon the development of the timeshare industry in its formative years from 1978 to 2002. The study addresses a knowledge gap around the minimal pursuit of historical research within the existing international literature about timeshare.
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Sucheran, Reshma, and Lucinda Arulappan. "Eco-Labels in the Tourism Sector in South Africa: Benefits and Barriers." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 979–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-63.
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The considerable increase in tourism activities over the years equates to notable economic and social benefits. Patent as one of the most emergent sectors of the global economy, the degree and prospect of tourism growth, however, raises concerns on its negative environmental and social impacts. Conserving these environments is of utmost importance as damage to environmental quality can eventually destroy the tourism industry. The launch of eco-labels to environmentally vulnerable tourism organizations and destinations is presently being implemented in many countries in an effort to protect the natural and socio-cultural resources of a destination. A number of eco-labels exist within the tourism industry in South Africa. These eco-labels are anticipated to have a profound effect on the contribution towards sustainable tourism within the country as these are considered to be highly compatible with sustainable tourism initiatives. This study provides an overview of eco-labels in South Africa and examines the benefits and barriers associated with eco-label certification. A quantitative research approach was used, and the data was collected utilizing an online questionnaire. A census sampling approach was used to target 104 tourism businesses in South Africa that have eco-label certification. The key eco-labels targeted in the study were the Blue Flag, Fair Trade in Tourism, Heritage Environmental Management Company, and GreenLine - certified by Heritage. The study revealed that tourism businesses in South Africa do experience several benefits through eco-label certification. However, businesses also encounter many barriers with eco-label certification in terms of high costs associated with being certified, the lack of general public awareness regarding eco-labels and the absence of government support. Consequently, cost reduction, promotion of public awareness as well as government support are the main areas of improvement suggested by tourism establishments with regards to eco-labels.
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Green, Jennah, Catherine Jakins, Louise de Waal, and Neil D’Cruze. "Ending Commercial Lion Farming in South Africa: A Gap Analysis Approach." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 1717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061717.
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African lions (Panthera leo) are commercially farmed across South Africa for sport hunting, tourism, and the international bone trade, primarily in Southeast Asia. Despite its legal status, South Africa’s growing lion farming industry is a contentious issue. In 2020 a high-level panel was initiated to review the policies, legislation, and management regarding the breeding, hunting, trade, and handling of four wildlife species, including lions. In May 2021, it was announced that the government intends to amend existing permit conditions to prohibit lion breeding and tourism interactions with captive lions, as well as to stop issuing permits to new entrants into the industry, effectively ending lion farming. In order to follow this line of action, a comprehensive, well-managed plan will be necessary to execute a responsible exit from the industry as it currently stands. Using a “gap analysis” management tool, we aim to: (1) outline some of the key considerations regarding the current state of the lion farming industry in South Africa; and (2) propose specific action steps that could be taken within five key areas (regulation, animal welfare, health and safety, equitability, and conservation) to help inform a responsible transition away from this type of wildlife farming in the biodiversity economy. For our gap analysis, we conducted a semi-systematic literature search to compile key background information about the current state of the industry. This information was then used to identify corresponding desired management states, and steps that could facilitate a successful phase out of lion farming in South Africa. We hope our approach helps identify key considerations for a responsible transition and can help aid decisions during the management of this process.
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Manaliyo, Jean Claude. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICAL RISK AND EMPLOYMENT IN TOURISM: A CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 9, no. 2 (2021): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejss.2021.09.02.002.
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Political risk is one of the determinants of employment in the tourism industry. Changes in the level of political risk in a country result in fluctuations in employment in the tourism sector. Countries with a high level of political risk experience a decline in employment whereas countries with a low level of political risk experience an increase in employment. This paper investigates the impact of political risk on employment in South Africa’s tourism industry using quarterly time series data for the period between 2007 and 2017. The study employs the Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) model to determine the impact of political risk on employment in tourism in both the short- and long-run. The results from the analysis reveal that political risk has both short- and long-run effects on employment in South Africa’s tourism industry. When the level of political risk declines by 1%, employment grows by 5.016% in the long-run whereas employment increases by 1.51% in the short-run when the level of political risk declines by 1%. These results imply that governments have to keep the level of political risk low by avoiding political risk events and actions for the tourism industry to create additional employment opportunities.
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ROGERSON, Christian M., and Jayne M. ROGERSON. "COVID-19 TOURISM IMPACTS IN SOUTH AFRICA: GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY RESPONSES." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 1083–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.31321-544.
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Bloom, Jonathan Z., and Frederik J. Mostert. "Incentive Guidelines for South African Tourism: Implications and Challenges in the Context of Developing Socio-Political Trends." Tourism Economics 1, no. 1 (March 1995): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669500100103.
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The need for some form of support from governmental sources to advance the tourism industry by means of financial and fiscal incentives has become a significant issue. This article provides a comparison of incentives found internationally with those available in South Africa. Various shortcomings pertaining to the types of incentives provided are discussed. The main aim of the paper is to analyse three incentive options in the context of tourism policy together with a decision matrix which could be used by the government to make a choice between alternative options. A conceptual framework is provided which could form the basis for the government in its choice of incentives. The implications and challenges of providing incentives for the tourism industry are discussed in the context of developing socio-political trends within the South African environment
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Adinolfi, Maisa, Vyasha Harilal, and Julia Giddy. "Travel Stokvels, Leisure on Lay-by, and Pay at Your Pace Options: The Post COVID-19 Domestic Tourism Landscape in South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 302–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-102.
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As the world came to a relative standstill during the initial stages of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, with nearly all countries having enforced some kind of COVID-19 regulations, the global tourism economy was one of the hardest hit. Travel bans and border closures resulted in many tourism businesses having to enter business rescue or shut down indefinitely. This new economic climate forced the tourism economy to imagine a new reality and to consider a negotiation of its revival in a post-pandemic world. Coupled with the impact on tourism itself, the pandemic resulted in a subsequent economic crisis, which unarguably, impacted upon travel, particularly leisure tourism. The South African tourism sector is no exception and will need to explore several avenues in addressing this new status quo. With domestic tourism being a weighty component of many countries’ tourism economies, it serves as an important building block for the resurgence of the industry. This is especially the case in a time when uncertainties are particularly prevalent for the re-emergence of international travel. Therefore, domestic tourism in South Africa has been a key starting point as travel restrictions have slowly started to lift, a context, which has been highlighted in current debates amongst South African tourism stakeholders. This paper explores the potential opportunities for opening up tourism to cash-strapped South Africans by specifically addressing their savings and travel cultures and prospects for future travel. The paper presents a desktop review of the recent introduction of savings and payment schemes available to travellers in South Africa, with particular focus on travel stokvels, leisure on lay-by and pay at your pace options.
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Rogerson, Christian M. "Business tourism under apartheid: The historical development of South Africa’s conference industry." Urbani izziv Supplement, no. 30 (February 17, 2019): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-supplement-006.
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Conference tourism as part of MICE tourism has attracted a growing international literature. It is argued existing scholarship is overwhelmingly ‘present-minded’ and that historical issues relating to the conference industry often are overlooked. Using historical documentary sources and industry press, this paper examines the evolution of conference tourism in South Africa from the early 1960s to the period of the country’s democratic transition in 1994. Under apartheid, conference tourism was primarily a domestic affair, lacked professionalism and quality infrastructure in terms of dedicated proposed built conference venues. By 1994 whilst the country’s conference industry did not have any global standard facilities, the planning for such convention centres was in process in the country’s three major cities.
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Olowoyo, Mary, Sam Ramaila, and Lydia Mavuru. "Challenges and Growth Trajectory of the Hospitality Industry in South Africa (1994-2020)." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 10(3) (June 30, 2021): 1077–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-150.
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This article provides a reflection on the challenges and growth trajectory of the hospitality industry in South Africa during the period 1994 – 2020. The overview specifically focused on the challenges and growth in the hospitality sectors such as tourism, food and beverage and hotel industries. The review also captured general trends and perennial challenges that plagued the hospitality industry as a key sector in South Africa during the period under review. Analysis of documented evidence revealed that research studies published during the period under review on the performance of the hospitality industry in South Africa put considerable emphasis on skills and job satisfaction within the industry. Low wages, skilled personnel and working hours still pose a serious threat within the industry. Furthermore, governmental efforts which were essentially aimed at the fundamental transformation of the hospitality industry in South Africa appear to be yielding desired results.
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Dube-Xaba, Zanele. "COVID-19 Lockdown and Visiting Friends and Relatives Travellers: Impact and opportunities." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 10(3) (June 30, 2021): 856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-136.
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Tourism is regarded as a powerful force in the rise of pandemic diseases as the movement of people is seen as a pathway for the spread of such diseases. The sector is thus susceptible to measures to prevent the spread of pandemics. In the wake of COVID-19, unprecedented lockdown regulations relating to travel restrictions and social distancing have had a direct and indirect impact on the tourism industry and visiting friends and relatives (VFR) travel in particular. More than half of the domestic tourism market comprises tourists who visit friends and relatives in all corners of South Africa. With the restrictions on public gatherings and travel in the country, inter/intra provincial travel largely ceased on 26 March 2020. This paper draws on existing literature, as well as current media sources to review the literature on the legacy of VFR travel; assess the impact of COVID-19 on VFR travel; and finally, to examine the opportunity that might be created by COVID-19 for such travel. It argues that, in the wake of COVID-19, VRF has the potential to fuel the resurgence of the tourism industry in South Africa, especially domestic tourism. Thus, destination marketing organisations might consider a coordinated effort to market this form of travel.
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Rambe, Patient. "Social media marketing and business competitiveness: evidence from South African tourism SMMEs." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 411–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(2-2).2017.10.
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The increasing prominence of social media marketing in advancing the global reach and visibility of products and services is ideal for the South African tourism industry, which depends on local and international visitors for leveraging its business activities and competitiveness. However, what remains under-explored in tourism literature is the depth of integration of social media marketing into the competitive strategies of emerging tourism small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs). To address this grey area, this study explored the extent to which tourism SMMEs utilize social media technologies (SMTs) to extend their market share and the implications thereof for the competitiveness of their business operations. Drawing on a quantitative approach, a survey was conducted on 234 tourism SMMEs’ owner/managers in the Free State province of South Africa to establish the impact of social media marketing on the competitiveness of their businesses. Evidence suggests that tourism SMMEs employed social media marketing predominantly for online marketing of their products/services, promoting their products/services, attracting existing customers, and sometimes, for integrating it into their marketing strategies. Results of correlation analysis revealed that social media marketing is positively and significantly related to the competitiveness of tourism SMMEs. The recommendations for leveraging the integration of social media marketing into the competitive strategy of the small business are provided.
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Bama, Hilary Kenedy Nji, and Siyabulela Nyikana. "The Effects of COVID-19 on Future Domestic Travel Intentions in South Africa: A Stakeholder Perspective." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (February 28, 2021): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-94.
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This study seeks to unpack the implications that the COVID-19 pandemic has placed on the South African domestic tourism market. In particular, the study considers how, given the negative impacts that have been felt with international travel being largely restricted, many destinations who traditionally rely on tourism will approach domestic tourism post the restrictions. Given South Africa’s previous aggressive campaigns which sought to promote domestic tourism in the country, the value of this focus area cannot be overlooked. The need for empirical research that assesses the attitudes of people regarding travel and tourism beyond the pandemic in a country that has been one of the hardest-hit on the African continent is equally important in this respect. Data for the study was sourced from interviews with key informant personnel in the domain of tourism coupled with an online questionnaire survey that was collected from respondents through the Google Forms Application. The key findings from the study reveal that a majority of the respondents were generally satisfied with the management of the pandemic in the country and were willing to wait until all restrictions were lifted before travelling again. Moreover, many of the respondents felt that they would likely travel more domestically in order to assist the tourism industry recover post-COVID-19 and would actively help market the country to friends and relatives in assisting with the recovery marketing initiatives. However, major concerns were raised about the financial possibilities of the domestic tourists as well as the lack of effective communication and cooperation between the private sector and the government regarding tourism’s recovery plan.
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Wakelin-Theron, Nicola, Wilfred I. Ukpere, and Jane Spowart. "Attributes of Tourism Graduates: Comparison Between Employers' Evaluation and Graduates' Perceptions." Tourism Review International 23, no. 1 (October 2, 2019): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427219x15664122692155.
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The tourism industry requires that increasing attention be paid not only to the quality of products and services but also to the quality of the human resources that constitute one of its major assets, since tourism is essentially a people-centered service industry. As such, a high-quality skilled workforce will ensure greater competitiveness and innovation, improved job prospects, repeat tourist visits, and economic growth in South Africa. This study aims to establish how tourism graduates perceived their abilities in terms of knowledge and skills and how the tourism industry evaluated tourism graduates' actual abilities in terms of knowledge and skills within the tourism industry. The researchers adopted a sequential, explanatory mixed-method that entails combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The researchers conducted a quantitative survey of a purposive sample of 561 managers, supervisors, and owners of tourism industry establishments, as well as tourism graduates exposed to the industry and those working in the tourism industry. Semistructured interviews were also conducted with 12 participants who were purposively selected. This study found that the tourism industry experiences graduates as being comfortable with technology, having a professional appearance, as well as outgoing—their three top actual abilities. However, graduates were perceived to lack entrepreneurial skills. In addition, work experience, negotiation skills, and career planning were among the lowest ranked actual abilities of tourism graduates. Actual knowledge and skills gaps indicate a lack of the educational expertise required, as it underpins the curriculum in a tourism qualification and adds extensive value to the tourism industry when recruiting, training, and developing staff.
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S., R. Balkaran. "The application of the theory of Visitor Attractions and its impact on the competitive advantage of the Tourism Sector in Durban, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 5, no. 8 (August 30, 2013): 546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v5i8.428.
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Visitor attractions become the nexus in the relationship between the Tourism sector and the city of Durban as a competitive destination and are arguably the most significant component within the tourism system. To become competitive within the attraction sector there is a need to have a combination of attractions, like sightseeing, shopping, entertainment, gaming, culture and recreation and these plays an important role in determining the competitiveness of a destination. The increase in tourist activity creates an environment where all stakeholders within the tourism system have an opportunity to exercise their function in the most appropriate way. This however does not occur without challenges and clearly, from general observations, the Tourism sector is faced with several challenges in Durban such as the lack of synergy between the stakeholders within the tourism system; standards and quality between various groups differ which impact on service delivery, price structure and foreign expectations; sustaining a high cost capital and labour intensive industry throughout the year; domestic tourists having to compete with currency fluctuations; and the social, political, economic and technological challenges. The development of a competitive model would contribute to tourism sustainability, which is vital for the economy, growth and further development of the Tourism sector in Durban, South Africa.
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Shaw, Gordon, Melville Saayman, and Andrea Saayman. "Identifying risks facing the South African tourism industry." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 5, 2012): 190–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v15i2.170.
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Even though risks certainly influence travel and tourism patterns, very little research has been conducted into how the industry generally perceives and manages risks. This article aims to (i) identify the risks the South African tourism industry deems important; (ii) construct a matrix for assessing the various risks identified and (iii) determine whether sectors of the industry rate the importance of risks differently. In total, there were 212 responses to the questionnaire in the survey on South African tourism businesses. The statistical analysis included a factor analysis and an ANOVA (analysis of variance). Nine factors were identified and the ANOVA confirmed that sectors do perceive differing levels of importance in the various risks. The risk assessment matrix showed that internal risks are rated among the most important, even though little attention is paid to these in the literature.
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Nomnga, Vikelwa Judith. "Unlocking the Potential of Women Entrepreneurs in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i4.1817.
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At the height of political turmoil and the so-called economic downgrade to ‘junk’ status by rating agencies in South Africa, the tourism and hospitality industry, through women entrepreneurship, seems to be an alternative exit the government can use to foster economic growth and curb unemployment. The paper adopts an extensive documentary review analysis to determine the challenges and opportunities for women entrepreneurs in the tourism industry in South Africa. The paper observes that women entrepreneurs in the Eastern Cape Province face a myriad of challenges emanating from low levels of education, lack of financial resources, poor information dissemination, gender inequity, limited support from stakeholders, limited technical skills and reluctance to shift from status quo. The paper concludes that, to unlock the potential of tourism and hospitality industry, women entrepreneurs need to embrace education and get trained on how to use modern technologies-which is fundamental in coping with the trends in the globalized environment. The paper recommends and empowers women to be at the forefront and become active entrepreneurs in tourism opportunities whereby stakeholder funding is the key to achieve economic growth.
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Mohale, Daniel Matome, Tracey McKay, and Clinton David van der Merwe. "The Nature of Cultural and Heritage Tourism in Greater Polokwane, Limpopo, South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 930–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-60.
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Cultural tourism is a fast growing sector in Africa, with many museums and art galleries offering cultural experiences. South Africa, with a large array of cultural products, is actively promoting cultural tourism due to its ability to foster local economic growth and job creation. One such locality in dire need of economic growth is Limpopo Province. Thereupon, it is argued that Greater Polokwane should leverage its significant cultural landmarks and landscapes to promote this form of tourism. However, currently, the size and shape of the cultural and heritage tourism sector in this geographical area is unknown, as scholarly attention has focussed on the wildlife and hunting tourism sectors in this province of South Africa. Ergo, this study outlines the nature of the cultural and heritage tourism industry in Greater Polokwane. This study firstly created a database of cultural organisations and then gathered data by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the managers and employees. It was found that all the cultural organisations are privately operated, although some are located on State owned-land. The findings indicate that the museums and art galleries generate jobs and foster local economic development; however, they lack the resources to expand and consequently operate below capacity. This has important implications for the viability, growth, and sustainability of cultural and heritage tourism in South Africa.
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Goliath-LUDIC, Kimrochey, and Siyasanga YEKELA. "RESIDENT’S PERCEPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF THE BAWA COMMUNITY IN BUTTERWORTH, SOUTH AFRICA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 33, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 1527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl12-603.
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Tourism is the fastest growing industry in the world. Understanding residents’ perceptions of the industry assists tourism planners deliberately utilise resources to improve resident awareness and, therefore, increase the sustainability of future tourism development. The aim of the research paper was to determine resident’s perception on the environmental impacts of tourism in Bawa community in Butterworth, South Africa. Quantitative and qualitative research approaches were both employed. A questionnaire was administered to collect data from the local commuity of Bawa.The main findings of the research reveals that the respondents perceive littering and overcrowding as the foremost issue to environmental impacts. This study contributes to the largely under researched area of tourism environmental impacts in Butterworth.
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De Beer, Andries, Christian M. Rogerson, and Jayne M. Rogerson. "Decent Work in the South African Tourism Industry: Evidence from Tourist Guides." Urban Forum 25, no. 1 (June 15, 2013): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-013-9199-8.
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Nomnga, Vikelwa Judith. "Unlocking the Potential of Women Entrepreneurs in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 4(J) (September 4, 2017): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i4(j).1817.
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At the height of political turmoil and the so-called economic downgrade to ‘junk’ status by rating agencies in South Africa, the tourism and hospitality industry, through women entrepreneurship, seems to be an alternative exit the government can use to foster economic growth and curb unemployment. The paper adopts an extensive documentary review analysis to determine the challenges and opportunities for women entrepreneurs in the tourism industry in South Africa. The paper observes that women entrepreneurs in the Eastern Cape Province face a myriad of challenges emanating from low levels of education, lack of financial resources, poor information dissemination, gender inequity, limited support from stakeholders, limited technical skills and reluctance to shift from status quo. The paper concludes that, to unlock the potential of tourism and hospitality industry, women entrepreneurs need to embrace education and get trained on how to use modern technologies-which is fundamental in coping with the trends in the globalized environment. The paper recommends and empowers women to be at the forefront and become active entrepreneurs in tourism opportunities whereby stakeholder funding is the key to achieve economic growth.
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Elliott, R., and C. Boshoff. "The utilisation of the Internet to market small tourism businesses." South African Journal of Business Management 36, no. 4 (December 30, 2005): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v36i4.646.
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The tourism sector has been identified as an industry that has the potential to make a substantial contribution to the growth of the South African economy. The majority of tourism ventures are, however, small businesses, which differ from their larger counterparts not only in terms of size, but also in regard to access to resources and marketing expertise. Not surprisingly, one of the issues identified as preventing this sector from reaching its full potential is access to markets. The Internet has been identified as tool which may assist small businesses in both their global and domestic marketing.The focus of this study was to identify the factors specific to the Internet (rather than the technology per se or organisational factors) driving the success of the use of the Internet for marketing purposes in small businesses operating in the tourism sector in South Africa. If these factors can be identified and their relative influence on Internet marketing success be determined, it will allow small tourism businesses utilise the capabilities of the Internet more effectively.The results indicate that having a product champion in the business, having a network of effective alliances, a high level of owner-manager involvement in the Internet marketing strategy as well as a clear owner-manager vision are important to the successful use of the Internet for the marketing of small tourism businesses in South Africa.
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Snyman, J. A., and M. Saayman. "Key factors influencing foreign direct investment in the tourism industry in South Africa." Tourism Review 64, no. 3 (August 28, 2009): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/16605370910988827.
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Greenberg, Desire, and Jayne M. Rogerson. "The Serviced Apartment Industry of South Africa: A New Phenomenon in Urban Tourism." Urban Forum 26, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-015-9266-4.
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Pandy, Wayde R. "Urban tourism and climate change: Risk perceptions of business tourism stakeholders in Johannesburg, South Africa." Urbani izziv Supplement, no. 30 (February 17, 2019): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-supplement-015.
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The nexus of climate change and cities is acknowledged as of growing importance for inter-disciplinary research. In this article the focus is upon the perceptions of climate change and responses by tourism stakeholders in Johannesburg, South Africa’s leading city and major tourism destination. Using semi-structured qualitative interviews with 30 tourism stakeholders an analysis is undertaken of the risk perceptions of climate change. Overall the results suggest a major disconnect between the climate change threats as openly recognised by Johannesburg city authorities and of the risk perceptions as revealed by local tourism stakeholders. The predominant view articulated by tourism industry stakeholders is that climate change responses and associated sustainability initiatives are something of a ‘nice to have’ rather than a necessity given current the current state of awareness and of climate change risk perceptions by businesses.
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Chilembwe, James Malitoni, and Frank Wadilika Gondwe. "Tourism Entrepreneurial Development and Flight Frequency at a Destination: Case Study of Malawi." International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews 2, no. 1 (October 24, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijthr.2015.212.
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This paper assesses the role of flight frequency on tourism entrepreneurial development in Malawi. The air transport industry in other African countries is growing stronger and helps to promote tourism entrepreneurial development. Countries such as South Africa, Ethiopia, and Kenya, have developed strong air transport network which is vital in tourism development. On the other hand, many African countries, Malawi inclusive are struggling to develop such air transport network which directly affects tourism entrepreneurial development. Businesses such as travel agencies, tour operators, ground handlers, and airports are highly depending on airline’s operation to survive. In an attempt to analyze the scenario in the tourism industry between airline’s frequency and tourism entrepreneurial development there was a measure of relationship between the two hence the employment of quantitative approach in addition to in-depth interviews conducted with airline, travel, and tour operations managers to compare the results. The study revealed that airlines have a vital role in tourism entrepreneurial development and that without airlines operating, many businesses would not have existed and should all airlines stop operating in the country, many companies would follow suit. The study also ascertained that high frequency of flights at a destination means more opportunities and revenue for tourism entrepreneurs.
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Ladislaus Fredrick Batinoluho. "Analysis of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in the Tourism Industry in Tanzania." Hospitality & Tourism Review 1, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/hospitality-tourism-review.v1i2.214.
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Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the commercial sexual exploitation of children in the tourism industry in Tanzania and to propose mitigation measures.
Methods: This study was based on the desk review of published materials. Critical analysis of commercial sex exploitation of children in the Tourism (CSECT) industry in Tanzania was conducted.
Results: According to the findings, children in Tanzania are involved in commercial sex trade with tourists and residents. This perception was also supported by the studies which were conducted by End Child Prostitution and Trafficking International (ECPAT International) in Tanzania in 2013 and in Kenya, Zambia, and South Africa in 2015.
Implications: The problem of commercial sex exploitation of children in Tourism is aggravated by poverty and the trafficking of children for child labor engagement. The study serves as an early wake-up call for the policymakers in Tanzania. The study recommends prevention, protection, prosecution, policy, and mobilize coordinated national action to end the problem.
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Koelble, Thomas A. "Ecology, Economy and Empowerment: Eco-Tourism and the Game Lodge Industry in South Africa." Business and Politics 13, no. 1 (April 2011): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1333.
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An extensive game lodge industry operates across Southern Africa. Many of these lodges market themselves as ‘eco-tourism destinations’ where wildlife protection, community development and the maintenance of bio-diversity are supposed to be central values of the business model. This article deals with the tensions that arise for the management of such enterprises between a multiplicity of local and global interests around land use pertaining to conflicting motivations of profitability and capital-intensive development, protection of bio-diversity and enabling community empowerment. The article illustrates the interplay between these competing interests, preferences and claims surrounding the use to which the land these lodges occupy is used. It examines a set of cases in South Africa with special reference to the Sabi Sand Private Game Reserve.
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PANDY, Wayde R., and Christian M. ROGERSON. "COASTAL TOURISM AND CLIMATE CHANGE: RISK PERCEPTIONS OF TOURISM STAKEHOLDERS IN SOUTH AFRICA’S GARDEN ROUTE." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 37, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.37301-703.
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Coastal tourism destinations are highly vulnerable to the ramifications of climate change. Research conducted in South Africa has identified the potential losses associated with climate change on beach or coastal environments as one of the largest concerns for the tourism industry. In addressing the challenge of climate change a critical research issue is advancing our understanding of the risk perceptions of tourism stakeholders. The aim is to investigate risk perceptions of business stakeholders towards climate change impacts in one of South Africa’s leading coastal destinations, the Garden Route District Municipality in Western Cape province. The results are analysed from 30 qualitative interviews conducted with tourism business owners and managers. Four core themes were scrutinised, namely awareness of climate change, perceptions of the potential climate change risks, the prioritisation of climate change as compared to other business risks, and greening and adaptive measures pursued by businesses. Overall, climate change is not considered as a major issue for tourism businesses in the Garden Route especially as compared to the immediate or pressing challenges relating to marketing, infrastructural deficits, government regulations and local human resource development for tourism. This conclusion raises significant concerns for the resilience of coastal tourism destinations and local economic development futures in South Africa.
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McKay, Tracey. "An analysis of the South African adventure tourism industry." Anatolia 29, no. 4 (March 30, 2018): 529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2018.1455151.
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Mooya, Manya Mainza. "The education and professional practice of valuers in South Africa: a critical review." Property Management 33, no. 3 (June 15, 2015): 245–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-04-2014-0021.
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Purpose – Uniquely among the built-environment professions in the country, professional valuers in South Africa until recently did not require to have a university degree. The vast majority of professional valuers therefore, especially at senior levels, hold the national diploma as the highest academic qualification. There is evidence to suggest that many regard this state of affairs as unsatisfactory. Given the foregoing, the purpose of this paper is to answer two interrelated questions, first, whether South African trained and educated valuers were “competent” and met industry standards, and, second, whether the South African valuation curriculum met international norms. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical data for the study were obtained by way of a survey of valuers registered on the South African Council of the Property Valuers Profession (SACPVP) database and a case study of the University of Cape Town’s valuation curriculum. The survey involved the mailing of an online questionnaire, using the “Survey Monkey platform”, to 2,062 individuals, representing the total population of valuers registered with the SACPVP, across all registration categories. A total of 324 individuals, or 15.7 per cent of the target population, responded to the survey. Findings – Results from the study on the first question showed that it was professional status and length of experience, rather than academic qualifications, which correlated with competence. In addition, the results suggest that there are grounds for concern regarding proficiency in at least some of the valuation methods across the board. Further, the study revealed significant levels of dissatisfaction amongst employers with the general competence of valuers under their supervision. On the second question, the study concludes that the South African valuation curriculum did not meet international norms in terms of certain criteria. Practical implications – The paper recommends a review of the South African valuation curriculum; to allow for a differentiation between the different academic levels, to facilitate a more conceptual approach at the higher levels, and to close the identified gaps in knowledge and skill-sets arising from both a deficient curriculum and a changing industry landscape. Originality/value – At a time when attempts are being made to improve standards in the South African valuation profession, the study makes a critical contribution, by identifying areas where the national curriculum is deficient, both in terms of industry requirements and relative to international norms.
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Mahlangu, Mazozo N., and Jennifer M. Fitchett. "Climate change threats to a floral wedding: Threats of shifting phenology to the emerging South African wedding industry." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 45, no. 45 (September 22, 2019): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0021.
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AbstractWedding tourism is a fast emerging niche market both globally and in South Africa, as destination weddings are becoming increasingly popular. Wedding industries across the world, and specifically in South Africa, are increasingly dependent on the natural environment. Wedding venues with floral gardens, farms, orchards or forests are particularly popular. Beyond the venue, flowers are important for the bouquets and decoration, with popular blooms changing year on year. Shifting phenology – the timing of annually recurrent biological events – has been identified as one of the most sensitive responses to climate change. This poses a threat to the sustainability of floral wedding venues and the floral industry relating to weddings. This exploratory study utilizes an interdisciplinary mixed-method approach to record the importance of flowers in South African weddings and the perceived threats of climate change to this subsector. The respondents reveal the importance of flowers and the outdoors in both symbolism and the enjoyment of the wedding day, and had organised their wedding date to align with flowering. Destinations highlight a lack of awareness regarding phenological threats and are relatively unperturbed about the threats of climate change. Comparison to global phenological shifts reveals that these are misplaced. There is, therefore, a need for such wedding venues to adopt adaptive strategies to preserve their environment which drives wedding tourism.
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Mutana, Sarudzai, and Geoffrey Mukwada. "Can mountain route tourism work for the poor? Exploring worldviews from Maluti Route in the Drakensberg Region of South Africa." Tourism and Hospitality Research 20, no. 1 (August 16, 2018): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358418791312.
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Poverty reduction is necessary for the attainment of sustainable tourism development. Ironically, in many mountain regions, tourism destinations are concomitant with extreme poverty. Route tourism is regarded as one of the few poverty reduction options available to mountain communities. This study used the worldviews theory to compare the perceptions of the three distinct groups, namely local communities, tourism business operators and local government officials, regarding the contribution of route tourism to poverty reduction along the Maluti Route, in the Drakensberg Mountain Region of South Africa. A survey was carried out among 80 tourism business operators and 250 community members, and complimented with in-depth interviews held with local government officials and observations that were made in tourism business organisations. The results indicate diametrically opposed viewpoints between tourism business operators and local communities. While business organisations believe that they are significantly contributing to poverty reduction in the region, local communities acknowledge only a limited number of benefits from tourism. The study concludes that tourism can work for the poor if they are adequately equipped with skills to contribute in tourism investment and if the tourism cake is deliberately ‘tilted’ towards them. We conclude by highlighting the need for communication among stakeholders about current efforts and options available to reduce poverty through tourism, including the training of locals in tourism related skills, as well as improving linkages among industry, government and tourism industry as a measure for enhancing the role of tourism in poverty reduction.